Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 31, Number 5, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 March 1883 — Page 7

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL. WEDNEülA. JfAEOII 7. 1883. ;.

jf OUR FAU3I BUDGET,

CulliTatlon In the Pear OrchardLiquid Manure. Hedge Fence A Word About El loa Straw In Place of Hay. Advantages ot Deep Cultivation Dom. Mad rertlllmera Household HintsFarm Notes, Ktc Cuitlvatlon In the Fear Orchard. The old-faehloned pear trees, that grew to the size of some oaks, and yielded annual crops of many bushels, were not affected by blight. The trees were frequently subjected to the saw and axe in order to rid them of their surplus wood, but little careful pruning wda given them, and they received no culti nation at all. .The fruit, however, was entirely different from that which is now ! i aold in the market, being hard, iCQ fit Only or preserving. With the introduction cf the Puchesa and Bartiett pars ani otlier 'varieties the quality of the fruit was greatly improved, but the trees do not grow as large as the commoa kind, nor are thej as hardy. With the advent of the improved tear caxe the blizbt, and since it made its "W wholesalo at lack on the pear orchards fi&s ruled supreme, as no remedy other ian the destruction cf the tree is known yr its cure. The methods of cultivation may have much to do with this disease, but probably forcing the trees to a very rapid growth U Cause, more than anything else, of pear ht. Oar orchards of improved pe&TS ve not been treated in a natural manner, ft the pear tree is a slow grower, and does lot bear until it is a fair eizd tree, but Growers have compelled the improved var o - . .1 . rleties to ansnme coaaitiona not Buiiaoie ior health and vigor, which render the trees subject to tha blight and other diseases incidental to pearx Two fruit-growers procured the same variety of pears, from the same nursery, and put the trees in the ground at the came time. They were cultivated, however, quite differently. One of the growers yearly cultivated in Lis orchard garden cro;s, witn oc casionally corn, applying liberal dressing of manure, under which treatment the trees rapidiv, and not oniv lniprovea in HDar.ee and color but bore early and cave yields. His neighbor did not use his hard for any oiacr Durposa tuaa tue wing of grass, which waa occasionally owed, plowed and seeded to grasi Vnl 1 . 1. - . again. lue orcaaru liiafc waa kept in grass has on it to-day tret'3 that are only half the size of thoe in the orchard that was caltivated with hoedcr.-ps. 11 It has never borne eo weil.no ha3 It equalled it in appearance and other respects. The blight, however, has nearly destroyed the rcnard tha; louica tue eiuji prunus;, while the slow grovriog trees are as sound as When first set our, although both orchards are very near each oiher. The pear orchard that Kave its owner snch heavy yieldi is nearly destroyed, but the other seems lifceiy to last several years, not a tree being affected with the blight As thesa orchards were alike (soil included) in every respect, but differently treated, this experiment may furnish a'lesaon to pear growers. Llqaid Xanorc. Philadelphia r.ecord. Saving the manure means utilizing everyleg that can be applied to that purpose. ule. the liquidj are ollen wasted lor want of some suitaole method of saving the Valuable riches therein contained : and yet the liquids contain a larger proportion of nitro gen tii an tne aonaa. a. ua oi nquius lrota the horse Stable, as compared with the nme ount of solid voidings, contains about r times as much nitrogen and four times much potash, bat the liquids are very eficientin Phosphoric acid. The liquius rom the sheep, ai compared with the solids, pound for pound, contain over three times as rauch nitrogen ana seven times as much potash, while those from cattle contain . more than twice the quantity of nitrogen and four times the amount ot potash. 'I he . BOlidi, however, as is the case with horse manure, are richer in phosphates. The liquids have the advantage of being always BOlubl while the solids often require a long time to decompose aud give up their parti1 des. As nitrogen Li the most costly substance that enters into our fertilizers, the importance cf utilizing the liquids is apparent. A ton of liquid horse manure contains about thirty pounds of nitrogen, which is often sold at twenty cents per pound sometimes even more, at times lee, according to the market at which price the am v monia atone is worin o, ana, as it Vontains nearly the same amount of potash, iiued at ten cents per pound, the value is lcieaaed to $9. Although there is about Lne-fourth the quantity of ammonia and .DOtash in the solid portions, which further increases the amount produced in the ataI ble, yet the loss of the liquid can not be easuv restored, .ror is tne iiquia portion a complete manure, for, being deficient in phosphoric acid, that substance must be supplied in some form, end the cheapest manner of so doing is to eave both togetoer, affording litter, refuse gatherings, muck and dry earth as absorbents, and while the liquids are being saved they will materially assist In rlernmnrcin? the solids and rendering

" the different portions soluble. It is best 1 to keep manure under cover, the bottom '-ci the tit for holding It to be deeper at the

Znter than elsewhere, which causes the Aiouids to drain inward. If the liquids can Ka i tt A ,m m r A fhrivn tinin lha t nrv. nf e Heap occasionally tue vaiue oi tne ma nure will be largely increased, noi omy from its greater degree of solubility and fineness of conditoo, but also from the constant formation of salts that fix the volatile matters. These salts are not only iormed the mineral acids, but also by the vegetle acids, which ere made to "change their ase ' by the constant cnemicai reactions k . - . A .... 9 ä A. ? hat occur. It is the union ot both the solid and the liquid matters that makes the droppings of pigeons and poultry so concentrated and complete, and if the ordinary manure hean is inferior when all portions are united it is due to the surplus amount of water, though water is no id vary when not in ez cess. s it not only a&sisis the chemical re actions but possesses in itself the power or sorbing gases and retaining them. Hedge Fence, flows Homestead.! ht makes but little difference whether you ant 0;ape orange or hawthorn for fencing your farm. Either one mates a gooa ce when ürocerir attenaea to, ana ycitaer one mazes a leuce st an ueu üti: . i 7 A 1 1 T cted. The Osage orange will make a fence Yss time than hawthorn, but it will cost e to keep it inlorder, on account of 1 Cty exowth. unlem you let it take its own se, as our worthy (or unworthy) Trutdo the one on the burial groan us oi our jntreeat. Said hedge is twenty-live or rty feet high, ana where it Is thin enough i a cow to walk through they have put in Lrds and nailed them to the items of the Iza. That kind of a iencs I would cll ,M?ance. The nice thine about a well-ee J'e fence is, yoa always have a surplus I material, and the brush or trimmings til always ray to gather and burn them faereas, in repairing a rail fence yoa n us t ways supply new rails in place of tno3e hat have rotted out. I The hedse fence, if taken care of. a an verlasticz fence. I never knew one U di il tiVtn mn fir -I fvml.1 thnr vntl

hedge fences more than 100 years old, aud ?:ood fence yet good enough to turn hogs or torses. I would advise every farmer that has a nice-laying farm to plant hedge fence for road and line fences. It don't make any difference whether It is hard froze, or wet from the last big rain, yoa can trim hedge fence all the same; in fact, winter is the time to shape up the hedge fence. With a good hedge fence around your farm you can rest contented till morning, without being afraid the wind will blow down the line fence and let your neighbor's stock in on your fields of grain. I admit there are other kinds of fence thst can be made quicker and cheaper than hedge, but they will eventually rot out, and then to replace them makes them the mcst costly of the two. Kot so with the hedge. It starts up every spring and puts out its leaves, and appears to enjoy life with the fresh grass and growing grain. As for the hedge dying out on account of thin soil it is out of the question when sod is put under the subsoil on top; the leaves from the hedge will .eep the soil rich enough. I would rather attribute the cause of the hedge dying to the surplus of stagnant water poisoning the roots. A Word About Silos. Journal of Chemistry. So far as silos constructed and used last Beason Lave come under our observation they have not withstood well the combined action of acetic acid and water and moisture. This relates to tiloi constructed of stone under ground and plastered with hydraulic cement. The cement, under the combined action cf the acid and external waier, will crumble and fall cfif, leaving wide areas of the walls in a denuded condition. In all silos acetic is developed to a greater or less extent, and this in the form of vapor comes in conlect with the lime in the cement and forms a fixed salt, an acetate. When this occurs the wall is weakened and falls as soon as the contents of the silo are removed. It should be known that cemented walls are rot impervious to the inflow of water. Although cisterns will hold water, if left empty in wet places water will find its way through from without, and numerous 8il03 constructed ou the rides of hilts where there are springs were found to have several feet of water In them last spring. Considerable loss resulted from this cause. All tiles should be constructed with drains, aod it is very important that the drains should be trapped soas to prevents current of air from passing in under the contents of the silo. As a ru'e where ilos are constructed underground it will be better to plank them inside of a rough, dry weil. The planks will last twenty years and need but few repairs. If ensilage is to hold iis place in popular r stimation much is to be learned in regard to the construction of pits aad in methods of ensilaging. There is little doubt but that the cutting process, which is so expensive and laborious, may be dispensed with, and it will be found that it is better to partially dry the fodder in the field before puttinz it into the pits. If 23 per cent, of tae water is removed it will cost much leiS trt handle the fodder ted the value mil cot be in the least diminished. Straw In Place of Hay. New York Times. Colonel F. D. Curtis has been experimenting in feeding farm ardmals upon straw in place of more costly hay, and finds a profit in it, provided a "suitable amount of grain bo given with the straw. Last winter he found himsflf short of hay, but with plenty of itraw, and he gives in the New York Tribune his experience in substituting the cheaper for the dearer fodder. The straw was fed chiefly in cold weather, 9 the animals had a better appetite then than

after ihe weather became warm in pring. A horse ate eighty-four cents worth oi meal and s.x'.y cents worth oi . .1 i i i straw in seven days, mat wouia nave men 2 worth of hav in the same time. ( hay alone had been his food, thus making savin? of more than one-fourth. Much jws, working oxen and youn cattle all did well with straw and corn fodder ab a part of their ration. The butter made wa3 of excellent quality acd the milk yield highly satisfactory. He fo.nd that bright Ft raw for horses driven on the road is superior to hay, t . iJII iL . as taey will no: so reaauy cveran meiuael ves as with bay. Plenty of grain mut-t be iven With straw to animals of bard work. He believes that farmers can afford to sell a portion of their hav. and then purchase grain to feed with their straw, and make a fit by th8 exchange. It is no new thing to feed straw in winter to farm animals; but it was not until such experimenters as professor Sanborn aod the agricultural chemists shored the philosophy of the prac tice that farmers have felt free to adopt it as sound policy. Advantage of Deep Cultivation. ISoutheru Industries. To show the advantage of deep cultiva tion take 1,000 tons of soil and dry it in its packed ctate, then expoeo it to an ordinary summers atmosphere lor twenty-tour hour?, and the absorption cf moisture In sandy loam will be found equal to five tons; clay loam, seven tons, and garden mold, twelve tons. Take the same soil, thor oughly pulverized and dry It, and then expote it in like manner to the other, and the sand loam will absorb twenty-six tons, the clay loam thirty tons and the earden mold orty-hve tons. Thus it will be seen that the latter process is a guarantee against drought, to say nothing of allowing the roots of Plauts free scope to grow and seek nour ishment for the plant, which they could not otherwise do. The taving of manure will be an item of importance, and the increase in production incredible. "When the sub soil is clay it will require several years of ueeu cuiuTiuaa to inoroueniy amaigimate it with the top soil, but, once done, the productiveness of it will repay for the trouble and time taken to do iL Ilonie-Vade Fertilisers. The following directions for making home made fertilizer are ironi the report of Dr. Cutting, Secretary of the Vermont Board of Agriculture: "Take 200 pounds of bone meal (dust), the finer the better. Sift, if vou can get a fine sieve, so as to save 100 pounds of the finest. Put the coarse pan of it into a tub or box. and wet with water un til it is moist; it will take three or four pailfuls; then slowly add two gallons of sulphurate acid, which weighs at least tourteen pounds to the gallon, btir continuous lv: it will team and boil. Let it stand twelve hours, then add another gallon of acid as before, and while it is hot, so that the lumps break easily, add the other 100 pounds of bone meal. This will then weigh about 359 pounds; add to it immedi ately l.boo pounds oi dry lcam, woods dirt, muck, or if these are inconvenient to get. you may add sand, though I like woods dirt and muck best. This, of course, has been previously pulverized and sifted. Should you choose, put all together, mix perfectly, and yoa have a ton. It has cost yoa about $3, aud, as far as my experiments CO, and others that have tried the same way, it is eouil to anv ton of nitrogenous lertiiiz used. I use about 200 pounds cf this to iht acre, and end it as good as any fer tilizer I ever used costing $15 a ton. I find it better than bore cut with sulphur ate acid until it contains 15 per cent, of soluble phosphoric acid, such as Professor Sabin in his addresses has put down as the most valuable superphosphate. I arrived at this formula by experiments against reason as the chemist would say; but as l have ex plained, it is just the mixture that is ac ceptable to the little rootlets of various plants. Next to this I find from seventy-five to 100 pounds of bone dust to the acre, without any preparation except to mix wit'i dry woods drift, mo it can be evenly distributed say 150 pounds of dust to 500 pounds of foam and then apply broadcast, as before, putting this amount on two acres. Household Hints. . . Latib Cixz, The layer cake bo popular now, made of two layers of whire cake with one of fruit cake la the middle, may be varied dtliciously by making the middle,

laver of walnut cake. For this, if the cake

salanre one. take two-tniras oi a cup oi . . ..... . nfr. one-third of acuDof butter, one enp of Hour, one etre. one teaspoonf ul of baking powder and nearly one cup oi mcicory-nui meat. Stxasizd Ekowk Bbkad. One quart of ndian meal, one pint of rye flour; stir these together and add one quart of sweet milk, one cup of molasses, iwo teaspoonfuls of soda; add a little salt, and steam for four hours. Tablespriad For the common sitting S) 1 . a. 41 . . 1 rcom a tabiespreaa maae oi canton uauuei is useful. The border made cf figured or brocaded canton flannel, which is a novelty n the stores just now: or yoa msy trim it simply with a stripe cf cretonne. Ruskd "Waffles. ilix over night, taking care to set in a warm place wnere it win ri3e, one pint of milk, on third of a cup of yeast acd one pint of flour. In the morning add one-half a teaspoonful of salt, the yelks nd whites beated separately, and one tablefpoonful of melted butter. Have the waffle-irons well greased and hot. Uomixy Cakes. Two tablespoon fuls of fire cooked hominy, one teaspoonful of salt. one tablespoonful of butter, two tibleepoonulsof boiling water, one cup of. yellow cornmeal, one and a half cups of boiling milk, two tablespoon fuls of sngar, two epps. he JOllS beaten light and smooth, the whites beaten stiff, one teaspoonful 01 baking powder. Bake in hot buttered geni pans for twenty minutes. CArza Sacce. Chop a tablespoonful of capers and mix with a quarter of a pint of melter butter; add a little cayenne pepper; et thi3 cook for three or four minutes, then suid a teaspoonful of Sour rubbed smooth in three tableEpooniuIs of cold water: let this come to a bo!l. If you choose to do 80 add a teaspoonful of Worcestershire 8; nee: it impart! an agreeable flavor. Of course this quantity can be increased indefinitely if the proportions are preserved. Cokh and Bias Soup. Take two pounds of beef, a pound of pork, a pint of black or navy beans (soaked over night), a large onion, a small carrot, a head of celery. Put the above ingredients into the soup pot with gallon of cold water, and let simmer gently for five or six hours. Take off and let it ret cold: remove the grease and place it on the stove to boil acain. About an hour before inner add a quart of canned corn. Strain the soup, season with cayenne pepper and siU and serve it with or without the addi tion of boiling cream. A Deliciocs Pccdiso. Mix three teaspoonfuls of baking powder with one quart of Hour; chop a quarter of a pound of suet very fine, also one cup of raisins and one cf currents; pour over the fruit a cup of molas ses, a teaspoonful of mixed spice (cinnamon. cloves and nutmeg, or mace) and one cup of milk; then gradually mix in the flour. This makes a stiir batter, but none too much so. as thepuddins will have more body than if mo oaiwr is tuinuer; wui-u every luiuy oi flour is stirred out put the batter in a pud-dins-disb, and steam for four hours. Crystallized Fruits. Crystallized imits form a i rominent feature in all confection s' windows just now, and beguile boys and girls into spending all their spare money for them. If they care to take the troUDla tue? can prepare onnces at home, which will ake the place at half the expense of the costly fruit. Peel and quarter the craages, tuaka syruu cf one pound of euear to one pint of water, let this boil until it is like er ndy arouud the cdee of the dish, then dip th3 oranges into this and let them drain; keep them where it is warm ar.d the candied svrup will became crvstallized. Browsed Kidneys. Browned kidneys make an excellent dish for the breakfast ta le. Melt SOtue butter iu a . saucepan and hen brown put in sliCC3 of kidneys, cut hin anri rolled in flour; if you do not cut the slices thin they should bn cooked for five minutes before they are rolled in flour. One reason why kidneys in the various Ways they may be cooked are not generally liked is simply because they are frequently eervtd when about half cooked, and there are few 'omactia capable of digesting a raw kidney. f onion is an agreeable tinvor put a few bits in the melted butter. Chocolati Cbkam Daor-s. Two cudsdowdered sugar, half cup of milk. Put them Qtoasaucpcan, and beat until it boils. Then boil five minutes precisely, without stirring. Set the pan into a dish of cold water; stir until the mixture creams. If it bould turn to supar it is cooked too much. Then mold into small balls. Flavor if you wish. Take half a cake of good caccokte, scrape it, then put into a saucer over the top of a steaming teakettle till dissolved. Drop the cream balls into the chocolate, roll over quickly, take oat with a lork and Blip on a buttered platter. Waste-Paper Baskets. Handsome waste- . paper basnets can ce maae cy covering n peach basket outside and in with turkey-red calico, or with silesia, or with more expensive material in some bnght color, and then crocheting a cover or lambrequin out of macreme twine. This cover should be about half es deep as the basket, to allow space for a fringe to be tied in ; as tbU should reach to the bottom of the basket, it is just as well to ue some cheap covering foi the basket. This may be used f or a work baket nstead of one for papers, if yoa please; in this case to the upper rim of the basket fasten a small pincushion, a needlebook and one or two lute pockets. Chocolate Macarooäs. Delicious choco late macaroons are made by melting slowly and with care three ounces of plain choeo ate. A good way to melt it is to put it in a tin dish and set it within another contain ing hot water. Make a thick paste by stir ring in gradually one pound of powdered sugar and the well beaten whites of three eggs; then spread or roll it as smooth as possible to a sheet about a quarter of an inch thick. Cut it in small, round aod fancy-3haped pieces; butter your cooky tins and scatter a little flour and sugar over the bottom (use equal quantities of each), and lay the macaroons on. Bake in a hot oven, but avoid having it hot enough to scorch them. farm Notes. Albion Kicker, of Turner, Me., sold last season from one-fourth of an acre of straw berries $194 worth, besides having all that a family of eight or ten persons wanted to eat every day. The Goldsboro (N". C.) Messenger says that J. 11. Caldwell left at that office twenty-six potatoes which measured one bushel, lie made 307 bushels oi potatoes to one acre oi ground. With slow-growing sorts like celery, car rot, sage, asparagus, ana even parsnip and onion, mix one-eighth of quick-growing sorts, like turnip and radish, to mark the rows lor an early weeding. A wnter in the Farmen' Review notes as a "singular fact" that all the persons injured or killed by "dangerous bulls" in Illinois during the past five years were attacked be tween the months of August and January. With careful management and attention to the health of the ewes, coupled with per sonal attention at lambiDZ time. 100 lambs can be raised to the 100 ewes. Ihe ewe nock should be kept in good heart, and fed enough. . A writer in the Home aud Farm used aboui a quart of sawdust in each hill of one plot of pata toes and none in another plot. The sawdust hills yielded nearly twice as much as the others, and the potatoes were larger ana smoother. 0. K. Shauer, in a letter to the Ioxa Homestead, says that a simple, sure and easily applied curs for lice on animals is to rive a lew slices of onion in their leed They eat them readily, and oae or two feeds does the business effectually. rroiessor uook says that a carbolic soap wash has with him proved a very effectual preventive ot radish maggota and apple-tree borers. His formula is as follows: To two quarts of soft soap I added two gallons ol water; this was then heated to a boiling tern perature, when one pint of carbolio acid (in a exude täte) was added. Thij mixture. Ja

thn set away in a barrel or other vessel,

and is ready for use as occasion may require. One part of this liquid is then mixed with fifty parts of water and the plants sprinkled or trees washed with it, This is worth remembering. During his recent travels in Europe Pro fessor Budd, of the Iowa Agricultural college, found a vast fruit region in Northern Russia never before explored, where the mercury sinks to 50 below zero, in which choice apples, pears, plums and cherries were grown in unlimited quantities. It was worth the experiment of training a few vines of the sweet potato to climb on short poles. A recent writer states that with a few rows so treated he worked them with greater convenience. They did not form ide roots, and the yield was much larger than from those growa in the usual way. A correspondent of the Prairie Farmer writes that he has tried fist and hill culture for cucumbers, squashes and melons. When hot dry weather came the plants in the hills began to dry up, while thre on level ground grew freely. He thinks fiat cultivation decidedly the best, unless on wet gronnd. Dusting cucumber, melon and rqnash plants with plaster early in the morning, when the dew is on, has long been practiced for checking the ravages of the striped bug. A little Paris green or London purple, however, either applied in water or mixed with the plaster, is a much more effective application. If cabbaces are set out one yard each way nearly 5,000 can be grown on one acre. Such being the case, it is a profitable crop when successfully crown, as this vegetable cot only sell well, but on account of its keeping qualities, affords green lood in winter for iniroals and poultry, to say nothing of the family. Farm and Oarden. American Wonder is a seedling pea, the result of a cross between the Champion of England and the Little Gem. It is one of the earliest wrinkled peas in ciltivation, of the finest quality and wonderful productive. Its great distinctive feature, however, is its compact and dwarf growth, seldom exceeding ten inches in height In transplanting trees all the rooa which may have become bruised or broken in the process cf lifting should be cut clean away bebind the broken part, as they then more readily strike out new roots from the cut parts. In all such cases the cut should be a clenn sloping one, and made in an upward and outward direction. To make superphosphate on the premises the following recipe is given as excellent, end within the ranee of almost every farmer: Take 100 pounds of ground bone, place it in a large tab and apply forty pounds of sulphuric acid, adding water as desired. In a few days the whole mass will be reduced tn the consistency of a thick jelly. Thea add more water and about 300 pounds of plaster as a drier, the whole being workf d and shoveled over until it can be readily br.ndled. There will then be eufScient pb.i'Sphate to apply to about two and onehalf acres of land, at a COSt of about 7.50. Maryland Fanner. Mr. J. Jr. Allen read a japer at a late Chicego meeting or eajncaiiunsts on ice Meat Kesources of Nebraska." In which he stated tliat during the past year 90,000 pteera ad bten thipped ea't from there, and that there were now 300,000 head of cattle criziusr in the western part of tho State. He Stiraated that tho lands wc?t cf the Misonri River would suprort 5,000.000 cattle aud 10,000,000 sheep, and supply fori-hip-nient yearly bou.wo cattle, 1.500.000 Fheep and 50,C00.CC0 pounds of wool. He stated thst the expense of raisinc a 1200-rojnd tter wus $G, aud that tho entire cost of the animel delivered in Chicaso was $11. Concerning cows and steers, the farm of the feet is an indication of the natura of the place i Which the animal has ben reared. n stony regions the hoof proTS round and wears away; on the contrary, in soff, moist and marshy districts the hoofs lengthen and flatten out, and the same eucts produced bv confinement to the stable. The round hoof is a very desirable quality. Continued otall eedice renders the lest bo tender tnstafttr some years the animal can tike no exercise, nor even corn fortably travel over the -Den ture. The foot growa lorg end thick, and th9 creature i9 entirely unfitted for work or lor driving f any distance. Mr. Joseph Lawrence, in the Country Genleman, sta'es tiiat his herd cf Jersey cowe. numbering fifty, does not net him mere than $40 each in the best of years, aod that a good-sized animal can not be fed for less than $C0 a year. About 250 pounds of butter per year is a Rood average yield for a herd, which, at fortv cents a pound, i3 $100. The record of Mr. Lawrecce's herd is very near the average of most farmers, tut individual cows oftn give as high as 500 pounds in a year. Five pounds a week, m above, in not a bad showing for every week in the year. If you take the dtvidlDg wall or septum of a bull's nose between the thumb and for? linger, you will find that the upper part well forward is thin, hard and apparently bloodies, or nearly so; at least there is little room for blood vettseis and nerve. This is the point to pierce, and many bulls will stand still and submit to the piercing with a proper instrument and the insertion of the ring without ruaiiRR ranch trouble; but it is ialesi to bind the head of the animal by he hcrn3 to a Jtrong horizontal beam, for then you can work with greater care and less nervousness. Pinching the spot be numbs it so that the operation is es painless as it is Biniple. The "trocar" is very con venient for ringing an animal American Apri-iulturu-t, Vre do not ?ay this hastily but with, the conviction derived front feeding late cut yimothy and bright oat straw. With four ieed racks in your yard two well kept with timothy, one with prairie hay and one with br'ght oat straw the latter was consumed first, and the other neglected until the last vestige of the cat straw had disappeared. It was the instinctive act of the urchin repeated. He took his cake, pudding and pie first, and reluctantly finished off his dinner on the drier and less palatable bread and butter. Our late cut hay was merely a "fillup," to give their digestive apparatus the necessary distention 83 necessary to rumi nants, and that is about all late cut hay is good for anyway unicago Herald. lne following are the points desirable in a practical farmer's hogs: Fine short nose. di.ihed face, fine ears, good width between eye3, eyes not too prominent; a straight. broad back cf uniform width from shoulders to ham, short legs and fine bone. He should stand well up on his pins, fat at any age.and. II well reared, mako a weight of ZaO to 325 pounds at eleven months. Now, does the foregoing description cf a model farm hog full cc'cnbe the well-Dred iierkshire? 1 think all will agree that it does, and I am a ti? tied that if the reader will notice the character of all the various breeds of swiue he will find that the most popular ones are those which come nearest to the model farmer's hog presented above. Corres poadent I armer'a Review. It Cauvs lif Wißht. fFree PretsJl A Detroit woman, with neighbors who are determined to know all about her business, found her husband at the front door one night, two or tLxt.- weeks afro, in a befuddl ed state, and aashe pulled him in she crie out in a voice to be heard iu either house 'Why, Henry, you've got one o' them epileptic hts again!" A lew nights after that he returned home in euch a condition that he bad to creep up the steps on hands r.'id knees, and bj she fastened te hand in hia bair and the other in bis collar she said for the bene&t oi listeners: "I told you the rheumatics would relapse 8 on yoa n you exposea yourseii:" A night on two ago tne old man was as sisted home by a pedestrian, who left him lying on the sidewalk and rang the bell and disappeared. The wife came out, saw the neighbors peeping out, and as Ehe seized bold of the stupe tied man she exclaimed "Dear me! but it has come at last! The poor man would go down after my shot,!, and now I've got a case of snow-blindness to 1005 aiter xor tne next au weeks:"

OUR WA5B1NQTOX LETTER.

A Society That Needs a Faneraal Red Cloud Carl gchuri The Tariff, Etc. Washihgtow, Feb. 27. An ancient In stitution of this country which still turvives is the American Coloni zation Society. It is not a survival of the fittest. It was organized In January, 1S17, with Judge Bushrod Washington as its Presi J A. TT . 1 1 , . ueut. xi a was succeaea oy sucn men as Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, James Madi. son and Henry Clay. Many good men, from time to time, were drawn into its support, but the Society never had a decent excuse for its existence. It was a scheme of imposture and inhumanity in iis inception, and it eo continued. The object was to send to Liberia the intelligent free negroes of the SDUth, whose influence might else become injurious to slavery. The slave-holders did not disguise their purpose to make the col onization scheme a means of tightening the chains of the slave, and perpetuating the institution. The Northern representatives of the Society, however, proclaimed a differ ent cospeL Thev represented the movement as . the hand-maid of emancipation, and the leading abolitionists of this country, like those on the Other side of the Atlantic, were at first zealously enlisted in the cause. Their eyes were finally opened to the truth, and they became the moet inreterate enemies of the scheme. They fought it while slavery lived. and completely succeeded in eipcang the hollcwness and hypocrisy of the movement. The Society recently held its annual meet ing in this city, at which Mr. J. II. Latrobe was re cleted Secretary, which position I think he has held nearly forty years. The Society holds some propcrty,and thus supplies a small living to its officers. What other excuse it has for not getting itself decently buried it is not easy to see. It ought to have its quarters in the museum of fossile remains in the Smithsonian Institute. I had an introduction to Red Cloud recently, and was quite interested io the study of his srongly marked Indian features. His face is a remarkable one and impressed me quite favorably. He is here askirjg indemnity for horses taken from him by white marauders. According to his intelligent friends these borpes were worth from $50 to $100 per head, but Secretary Teller is only willing to allow him $20, while Hiram Price, our Indiana Commissioner, is only willing to allow him $5. I have' been "a good deal amused at the tona of Red Cloud's fnends in dealing with Price. He is a leadiug man in Methodism, wears a broad-brimed hat, dresses in a style suggestive of Quakerism, and has a sort of puritanical or saintly look. But theM? champions of the Redman handle him without mercy. They failed ia adjectives descriptive of his badness, and sum it all up by faying that "hell is full of such men es Hiram Price." I have long known Mr. Price, and am not willing to credit the estimate of him to which I refer. Among the one-! famous but now dishoncrel men of this country is Carl Schurz. He now ranks with De Lanoo as a reformer. His management of the Interior Department is more indefensible than that of any of his predecessors. While always on parade, in the airs of virtue, he was always ready to serve himself by helping along any scheme of monopoly or plunder. It is not etrange that the palsy of moral death has fastened itself upon the New York Evening Tost aad the Nation fcince his editorial connection with them. Old Zach Chandler, wit: all his faults, was a saint ia coniparifcn with this Secretary ef the psalm-Pirjßing Administration of Hayes. The tariff question is the most unmanageable elephant the Republicans have raflled for. Their Commission was packed in the interest of the monopolists. They hoped to have an easy :tiarch to victory in a satisfactory settlement of the difficulty. 'Thev had the power in both Houses, and confidently belierf-d that before surrenderimr the party helm their wisdom in dealing with this question would be such as powerfully to aid them in regaining their lost ascendency. Their desire to atone for the loss of popular confidence, as thown in the lata elecilnns. was undoubtedly perfectly sincere and heartfelt. But they are doomed to disappointment. ' The grand old party" can't harmonizo. It is dead in its trespasses, and this last failure will ütly reattirm the pop ular condemnation of last year. STATK ITEMS Mrs. Lovall. of Clavsbure. wears heavy beard. Princeton has the most extensive tile fac tory in the State. The Jeffersonville Public. Schools will not be opened until March 5. The Randolph County lawyers have raised $1,000 to establish a law library. Jasper, Dubois County, ia to have a etave and heading factory, a foundry and a planing mm. The EDglish Lutheran Church at Fort Wayne subscribed $5,0C(Moward a new City Hospital. An English setter belonging to James IL Jordan, of Richmond, took the first prize at the Pittsburg dog show. Isaac Leminpr. a man of ercat enterprise and public spirit, a prominent Methodist, Royal Arch Mason, and for many years a merchant and lumber dealer, died resent ly at hia home at Jasper. Dubois County, in the seventy-eighth year of his age. Yankee Robinson who has been tem porarily sojourning ia Edinburg, talks of making that town the winter quarters for his show. Rev. N. Carr. Financial Agent of Frank lin Baptist College, has undertake to raise an endowment of $200,000 for the college, and is said to be meeting with great success. Adam Doeream, aged eighty-tws. for forty years a citizen cf Dubois County, residing three miles south of Jasper, and esteemed very highly lor his mteenty. died a few days ago. Mrs. Linisay. who died last week, is said to have been tu only Kevomsiouary pensioner in Indiana. Her pensions was secured by Mr. Fidgeon more than thirty years ago, Vincennes Son. The Relief Committees oi New Albany and Je iereonville are having considerable troubls with lazy negroes- and vagabond whites who reiuse to wo?k and use evtry means to oouin tree supplies. The- new building ereat6d by the United State Government at White's Manual Labor Institutes "Wabash County, ia now reatZy for occupancy, and the twenty Indian children to be educated there ar to be brought from tne wes&nexs weex. Whil blasting fisi with dynaraite near JLaurel yesterday, a. package exploded in Captain John Colter's, only remaining hand. blowiag that member off and badly manning his arm. This leaves tne Captain without either hand, his other having been loot in the Army. UonarevilIe Examiner. Miss Lany "Wagner, livingnearSalaaaonia, Jay County, left home last Thursday night on account of a Samily quarrel, and although a diligent search is being made ber whereabouts is unknown and it 13 feared that she has committal suicide, at Bbe had threat ened to do so upon several occasions. The drive well patentees who threatened to commence Buit against all parties using the wella tf the ten dollar royalty was not paid by the 1 7th, have so far failed to do so. The first man sued will be defended by the Association, and the case will be carried from one Court to another. Michigan City Uispaicn. Hugh Trotter, residing at Lopp's Land Ing, in lleta Township, caught a fine barn floating In the Ohio during the high water of last week. The barn con tained about 309 buaheU of com. a eel

reaper and binder, fourteen sets of harness, several plows and other valuable agricultural implements. Judging from the barn and its contents, they were the property of aome well-to-do farmer. Cory don Republican. vt2 ?IIatt livinS fi miles southeast of ew Castle, has applied for a patent on a post driver. He has thoroughly tested the merits of the machine, and it

oauwauuuu. n 13 easuv adjusted, and can be operated on level or hilly ground ; worked vj leveror norre power, and will drive any sized post to any depth desired. Lightning rod amenta have been swindling the farmers in Hancock County by their vuuvxacfc meuiou. Ax-commissioner John Aaams signed a contract for rods to his uouse at out was confronted with a bill of $300. The farmers in the eastern part of ku 0A..a iv . - - .u vuuuiv Buuer most, and Moore and Brookaw, the agents, have departed, as the farmers threatened to tar and feather them. In April, 18S0. Miss Anna L. Hoffman, of New Albany, was run over by a railroad train aud her right arm and left hand cut off. Through skillful treatment her life and her left arm were saved. A reporter of the Public Press visited her a few days ago and found her in gcod health, cheerfui, and makmg herself generally usefuL By aid of an artificial hand made by her father, she can pump and carry water, bring in coal, write a good hand and pla7 the nisnn almost dextrously as an un maimed person. BOB TOOMBi' IRE. Disinheriting His Granddaughter fer BXarrjinff Against Hia TTU1. A Constitution renorter met an nM friend of General Toombs yesterday and remarked: i understand that a few days era General Toombs disinherited hia frrandrtaiiphtArM iss Dubose. because Bbe married .inat his will. Don't you think he will reconsider that art?" "I do not,"- was the emphatic reply. General Toombs is very bitter on that point, and when I think of the circumstances I am sure that he means all that he has done, and that he will remain Immov able. "Tell me the circumstances," "It is a long story," replied the narrator. "It would read like a romance if properly pictured, bnt I don't mind telling if you will be content with the farts mTnn th coloring. It is a pad story to me, because I always felt an interest in the lordly Georgian and the different members of his family. Iam sorry that General Toombs has done this act He can afford to foreive his granddaughter and bestow all Iks hate on the Yankee if he chooses to do so. He can aftord to hate the Yankees, for it is a matter of little concern what one man does so long as the remainder of the South has accepled the situation, and has almost forgotten that there ever was a War. But it is not right for me to say that General Toombs has done wrong in disinheriting his grandchild because she married the man of her own choosing. Miss Dubose and Mr. Colley were encased, and the General objected. Mr. Colley is a worthy young man, against whose moral character no charge can be brought He was clerk in one of the stores in "Washington, aud was not wealthy, bat to that fact General Toombs did not object. The General, you know, cares for a long line of ancestors, and blood, and that sort of thing, which is all right, I suppose. At any rate he did not like the Colley family, and urged his grandchild to give up the idea of marrying Mr. Colley. She pleaded and he remonstrated. He threatened and she became determined. Finally he told her that in his will he had bequeathed her $U0,0C0. and spoke of that to show the interest he felt in her. She would not promise to give up Mr. Colley, and General Toombs got out the will and showed her the paragraph where the fortune was Mt to her. fihe wes not to be moved. He offered to make it $90.000. She said she would promise not to marry Colley during Toombs lifeti me. The General, in his usual way, said he would pay nobody to postpone an act un til his aeatn. lie threatened to disinherit her, but she never moved from her position. Then General Toomba told her that unless she promieed not to marry Colley he would havonia will changed and wonM not leave her a cent. She replied that if she must choose between the two she would be disinherited. The General then told her he would give her forty-eight hours to leave the house. Mif-s Dubose proceeded to show her grandfather that if she was driven out she would have to be married at once. The General tore around, and Miss JJubose communicated with her friends, and the result was that the marriage took place that day. General Toombs took his will out, had it charged, disinheriting Miss DuDose, and added a paragraph providing that one of his property should CO to her di rectly or Indirectly. Has she ever been back to her grandather?" No. A few days aeo Mrs. Tombs was very sick and her recovery was not expected. Mrs. Colley wrote the General a note and asked permission to call and see her grandmother. General Tombs read the note and handed it back to the messenger with the simple statement that he had no com munication to make. This is the story as it comes to me. There ia no-telling what the General will do about the matter; nobody yet ever knew jjOD loomn. uovernor titepnens teii3 a good story illustrative of Toombs' character. n slavery times Toombs and bteDhens both had a negro each. Of course they had several negroes each and more, and, in fact Toombs had a horse lot full, but tney had these particular negroes, and one day the two negroea ran" away. Toombs was in a towering passion, aud offered $500 reward for hia negro. Stephens offered $50 if his negro would never come back any more. In a few days ßtephens' negro was back, hat days and days passed and Toombs' negro never was heard irom. une- day Toombs and Stephens wer in their parters in the old United States Hotel when the country waa in a ferment. A company ol mesi had come in to ask their advice on aome question or other. Toombs' advice was characteristic, Stephen urged order aad conservatism. Toombs fjpt mad an i-swore like fury. The men withdrew and Toombs walked tbe floor, foaming and swearing and tearing around, while "Little Aleck" came in for a share of his eondemnation tor the contrary advice he had given. There was a rap at the door and Toombs answered it The visitor was a 'jaan who had Taombs runaway negro. "Soombs took the. negio into the room. While tha- negro- was endeavoring to evadthe poliee he bad been ho in the hand and the wound had never beea dressed. He presented a pitable plight with nis soiled clothes aad bloody hands. As Bje-n as Toomba caw him his manner changed. A mom eat before hi was as furious as a lion, now h was aa ge'jtle as a womaa. He sent oi? in great haste for a surge&i and ha A the- negro's head dressed. F got him a new suit ot gaod clothes and lad a bed fixed for him in. the room, and the runaway slave slept . in the same room with Toombs and Stepbena during the remainder of their stay in WaiMng ton. Atnta Consiitntion. A Senatorial XHnmer Interrupts d. . WashUeton Correspondence ot the Aujueta, Gav, caxonicie. About 8 o'clock laat night Senators Davis, of Illinois, Edmunde Frye. Icgsits. Bayard. Lamar aud .Logan were observed on the- noor dressed to kilL with conspicuous button hole bouquets gorgeously displayed on the front oi tbeir spite-tail coaia. it soon became known that a due dinner was prepared in Mr. Edmunds Committee room and that the bouquet men were tha selected euests. Senator Butler and othejta determined tohave some fun at the expert of th brethren who, with eajrer appetite, slipped out of the Chamber and made pre parations to enjoy themselves, wbila their associates, after an eihausting session of many hours, proceeded to take a fresh grip upon the tariff. Just as tha Edmunds party had eaten a fcalf-dcaen raw and were midway in the discussion of

turtle soup, pages burst in upon them and" demanded their pre:ence elsewhere to disclose a quorum. One by one the feasters entered the chamber, smiling grimly at the unexpected summons Presently thev de parted in single file and sat down to fish. Again the pae3 rushed in and announced the second call fr a quorum. There waa another return of the hungry men to the i . i i , .

cuamuer. wag ui-conceaiej tneir annoy ance. This thirg was repeated half a dozen times. The last eummoru had bo desperate a look that Mr. Edmunds took a chew of tobacco before ink ins limply in his seat, while Uncle David Davis, with his hat in one hand and a big cane in the other, looked around as if he would like to have male the boy akip ane stop this nonsense. Senators Bayard and Lamar did not know, apparently, what to think of the proceeding, and must hare audibly reiofced as aome stinging acd just remarks of Mr. Morgan compelled Mr. Morrill to move an adjournment. Th r.nir Senator present at the feast and subject to interruption who did not have humorous attention drawn to him was Mr. Garland. He owed his escape from merriment to the fact that he wore his old cot and nnt nr flowers in the button-hole. The moral of this is that Senators who have a banquet in prospect had better not advertise it br drea suits and a stunning floral display. The other men, mad, tired and hungry, are ure to put a spider in the pudding and erect a skeleton at the feast. The Daviess County TViTiru.r.t a have studied the Republican bosses to ad vantage: In the Indiana Hons nf r.nr.rt.ti.. r Jewett introduced a resolution on fcfatumar Ut authorizing the Judiciary Committee to report a Liu providing ior me submission of tte Couiütutional amendments at the next Keneral election This paper predicted some time ago that l erer the question cf subnifhlon cane ud la tills farm the Republicans would oppose it. and sure enough tbeydid. Their Bute plaUorm oeclared. In favor of nubmitUag the amendment at special election, and rather tnaa not have the matter disioeed of in that wey, thev preferred not to have thera submitted at all. This ibowi the sincerity of tne Republican party io iu advocacy of prohibition. They don't want it unless they can have it on their own terms. How the real temperance people can be deceived ytar after year by Republican pietenaes la past undarataudlnrThia now is a eulogy, which should satisfr any man, parsed upon Bishop Thompson by the Isew Orleans Times Democrat- in a leading editorial bidding him farewell. It says: Dr. Thompson's Ion? solium amone us has ae - customed us to an atmosphere of Intellectual liberality, of independent thought and unstudied action. He has made us forget the tyranny of doema, snd t truck the ehacklei from the limbs of reason. He ha? tausht us that true pietv mav be free, and that the hiehteet and surest form of r. llgloua conviction is not inconsistent wifa un trammelled discussion and lntelleifent inquiry. And. furthermore, he has exemDllfied that larae an generous ChrLstianiry which breaks thrcuKB. tne cold Conanen of creed and sect, and taaes u its elowine bosom everv doubt, everv sorrow nrr aülicUou taat flesh ia heir to. The IiOanpport Pharos says: The State Senate was the scene of a most dis graceful row. The Ef puMicun raembcrs conniving with IJeu'ensnt Governor Ii anna, attempted tosiopuie wneel of leeiflatlon by dilatory sa d. revolutionary act. The meuun uadw dinrnae!ou was the metropolitan police bill, wtich the itepubiie&n members are unwilling to Bavo parsed, since it would throw out of employment a crowd of the wort political roustabouts tn,t. everohgraced aeüy. The Michigan Dispatch says: The pretentions cf tariff reform new seine acted by the Rctmliirfia Congress, as Old Allen would remark, ,4ls a d a barren ideaUty aad tbe Democrats rre to be cctDn'ndd poking It ar.d expofl1? the trick. Af:erthe aarrji the DeraTrrtia corneas will give. people the UtriCT reform aaked by them lagt O ember. The Logan?port Democrat says: The Democratic sssiorily !n tbe Lerfslatureaa been amply able to cope rlth tee Republican minoilty thu far. and it is hardly possible that the majority can iiovr be balked In tbe work of disObsrgrice the pclitical bummers of IadiausooUs and placiEo' tie police foice of tt&t wieked city on a uon-p&rtis?.n bull. Two ia company three a crowd. Puek says: Tbe Rale ol Three For The Third. Person tat Clear Out. Worthless StuC Not eo fast, my friend;, if you couM see the Etrcnz, healthy, blooming men, women and children tb at have been raised frora beds Of Bicknesi. sufferine and almost death by the use of Hop Bitter?, yo would say:- "Glorious an 2 invaluable remedy." Sea another column. Pml&celpma Press. PLAIN TRUTHS The blooi is tie foasdition of life, it circulates through every part of the body, and unless it is pure and rich, good health is impossible. If disease has entered the system the n!y sure and quick way to drive it out is fc purify and enrich the blood. These simple facts are . well known, and the highest medical authorities agree that nothing but iron will restore the blood to its natural condition; and also that all the iron preparations hitherto made blacken the teeth, cause head ache, and are otherwise injurious. EzowN'i IaoN Bitters will thorcughly and quickly assimilate with the blood, purifying and strengthening it, and thus drive disease from any part of the system, and it will not blacken the teeth, cause headache or constipation, and is pod.lively not injurious. Saved his Child. S7 X. EuUw St.. Baltimore, If A. - . - v r a r c. is, acoo. Gent Upon the recomsendatioa ef a friend 1 tried Eowks Ikon Bitters as a tonic and restorative (or say dauehisr, whom I was thoroughly convinced was ' waiting away with Caasumptioo. Having lost three daubsters by the terribla disease, under tha care of ' eminent physiciaas, 1 was lota to believe taat anything could arrest -the progress of the disease, but, to my great surprise, before my (laughter had taken one bottle of Irowh'c Ibon BrrTBRS, the began to Bead and now is euite restored to former health. A bfth daughter began to show signs of Consamptioo, and when tha physician was consulted be quicUy said " Tonics were required and when informed that the elder sister was talcing Baowwa Ikon Brrrms, responded "that is a good tonic, uk iu" AdoxaH Ffitxrs. V Ezown's Iron Emrks effectually cures Dyspepsia, Indigestion and Weakness, and renders the greatest relief and benefit to persons suffering from such wasting diseases as Consumption, Kidney Complaints, etc &lt Gift per flay at bone. Sample worth S3 fre $D 10 Will Adliau euu&oa 4 Co., ForUaiU,