Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 31, Number 3, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 February 1883 — Page 7

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY. FEBRUARY 21, 1883. J

OUR FAMI FßlEND.

tinmln? Onions Quick Doctoring Farm Stock. of About Celery Marketable Honey Scraping Trees. Crossing Apple Caring Cora Fodder Tb Ufal Hen Favrm Note, Etc. . "8avln Mother.' Washington Poet. The farmer sat In his easy chair Be wieen the fire anil the lamplight's flare; Kla Nee wm ruddy and full and f ilr; III three snuUbovs in the chimney nook Connel the line of a plctnre book: His wife, the pride of his home and heart, Bakrd the btoutt and ma.de the tart. Laid the taMe and drew the tea, reftlr. swiftly, silently; Tired and wearv. weak and faint, She bore her trials wi;hout complaint. Like manv another household saint Cou tent all seltbh bliss above In the patient mif.lstry of love. At last, between the clouds of smoke That wreathed hi lipa the farmer spoke: "There's uxes to rsiee and infrest to pay, Anl If there should come a rsinv day 'Twonld be mlzlty bandy, I'm bound to ray, T have something put by For folks must die:' An' there's funeral bill", and grave stones to buy Fnongh to swamp a man. pretty n!zh: B?slle. there's E-lward and Dick and Joe To be provided tor when we go; i. if 1 were yon. I'll tell yon what Td do: J'd be avin of wood as ever I could Eifa flres dn't do any rrood; rd be svin' of soap, and savin' of lie. And run up some candles once In a while; I'd rather be t par la" of coffee and tea, Vor nzr Is hizh. An' all to buy. And cider is good enough drink Tor me; I'd h Sind ' careful about my c'o'ea And look out sharp bow the money foes Gewgaws s nselfts. nater knows; Extra trlmmtn' ' the Mne of women. I'd sell the best of my cheese an' honey. An' kr5 is as Rood, nigh 'bovt, a moaey. An' as tu the carpet yon wanted new I guess we can make the eld onedn; And as for the washer an' tewin' machine. Them smoth-tontnied aeeois, so pesky mean, Yoa'd be'ter pit rl 1 of 'em slick an clean. What do thev know 'bout women's work? Do they calkiUte women wasmade to shirk?" Dick and El ward and litt! ffoe fat In t.e corner in a row; They sw their patient mother no On ceaseleos errands to and frn; They saw that tier form was bent and thin, ner temples rraf. her cheeks unk la; They raw the qaifer of Up and chin Acd then with a wrath he could not smother. Outspoke the youneen, frailest brother: ', "Yon talk of savin' wood an lie 1 An' tea an' sugar all the whUe, Jut you never talk of sarin' mother!" G rawing Onions. Philadelphia Record. Onions always jro in the ground before any other crop of vegetables, and as the seed ahonld be sown or seta planted as soon aa the plow can be pat to work, the time will eoon arrive wusn onion growers will be basy. in New England onions are jrrown direct from the seed, the crop bei on harvested as soon aa the tors becin to torn yellow, which is usually abect the latter part cf 'August. In the neighborhood of Phila delphia onions are mostly crown from Bets, the crop maturing much earlier in consequence, often getting int market in May. Bets are grown by sowing the seeds very thickly in rows, th&close crowding preventing fall erowth. The sets are gathered when the tops begin to turn, and stowed away for plantirg the following spring. When it is intended to g?ow onions from sets the crotmd is marked off in rows ui convenient utsiauce apart ior rum vation. the sMa bt'iner nlaced in the rows bv the greater portion of the bulb uncovered, when they at once take root and grow. Those who frrovr 'large fields of onions are not so particular, but scatter them thinly in the rows and -coyer entirely. In gardens they are place from three to four inches part. The most important matter connected. with the grtiWi'U.; oi onions is the prepara Tirvn rci.i s,ih a vnrv r wn Knnnv innm i 4 the beweotl for onions, and clean cultiva tion is indispensable. Virgin or new soil is coitiderei -eccellent for their growth. provided it can be placed in proper condi tion. The vrst crop of onions should be preceded by a hoed crop of some kind for two or three seasons, corn, potatoes, beett, carrots, parsnips or cabbages being the best if Ue -crops have been plentifully and liberally manured. The object of this is to rid the ground thoroughly of weeds and gras b fr6d voting it to onions. The fall predion toowing the onion teed the ground should be eply plowed and left in the rough, nba' Sjed state for tiie frost to penetrate. Er Jh the spring it should be either en (plowed or pased over well with fcbe -Cultivator, following witn harrow tiK oot -a clod can be seen, the object being - to have the soil in the finest poible condition. 8ow the seed at the rate of i'oor pound i to the acre, and nse none bat the very best ('that sold by Philadelphia V seed men being considered superior to any other), and d not ua. cheap or worthless seed onc-er ary circumstances. Sow in rows, . covering with half an inch of earth, and TT IV... Mill I 111 I J 11IU1 UlSV l'f(UT. JA fa 1 UilJ gets th 6 tart of the-onions. In fact, so careial are -gofrd growers in this respect that the fjTet wort irg of the onion crop is done by han4. the .operators being on their knees. ' If Ue crop is large the hoe will most probate come into nse as soon as the hand working is ever, and this mode of cultivation (bone) must be 'Continued until the croo is wHl and -safely ander headway: but the grouud most always be kept clean and well worked. -Bets also reqnire good, thorough cultivation in order to produce well. . Onions can bw grown ori the-same location consecutively for many years, bat only by the use of plenty of .good, well-rotted, fine n cansiVA- an J K a ay v a I l a tiaa f a wv "fi"V"l r ACf IN ft v 11 at mm svan TKa kaAetin. a A At a by hand, ati efter they have been allowed to eweat and dry in windrows the onions are stored in a dry location, nnder ahelte", and In such msaorr as to admit of a circulation kof air amonr tbem. If tbey becosne frozen do not disturb them when in tha state, but wait until they gradually thaw. The young plants are very hardy and endure tLe frosts well. It requires quite a severe degree of -cold to injure them. They sure a pre t: table crop, bat expensive to grow. Qnack Uoctoriave of Farm Stock. Farmer's Home Jocraal. Half of the peopie in this world consider themselves folly capable of prescribing for every ill tbat the flh of beast is heir to; avnd just in prop jrtioo to the littleness of tbe:r knowledio of other subjects their otrn estiiaa'ion of their abilities as "hc?sand cow doetorV riter. Men who have no more idea 1 what anatomy is than a msJe bas a! Mu&!Ail VAli'ffiAn mnti vLa mrrt n I t ImaaiTta uuTmini'KT buuib ur tr imilt iru jrwuv iur i j t I j j . hoolic " are certain tbat by eurrying a ick anünal. wth one eye losed, thjey can locate rWi disease without a slnple failure. Thes people kill more animals tha they carp. It simply awful to seriously consider aoave ot the doses they forca dow the throats of helpless brutes. If the patient were pereeUy healthy to start with, in üalf the caisea tba treatment would cause death in twenty-four bonr. Itw a wonder that people will allow such dieea.tine: medicines to be administered. They as nredly can not fail to perceive that rach concoctions must work more harm titan good. Whea a domestic animal takes sick tbey seem to bid adien to aense and intelligence and rae their whole trust in lome quack the more 'gnorant the better. T- U 1 A. 1 A V I 1 . A 1 1 I kuej uu cut iiiuw aajuiiu iuuui iav uruio ronoioy; have no Idea what organs are 'cted or how they are ailected, nor have T the rt-äotest inklint? ot the proper ieaic Jiaii arf .TTimug ana con-

e?t enonga to admit their Ignorance, but the other half hide their ig-

norancs by the assumption of tran scendental wisdom. The first half, instead of availing themselves of the services of some good veterinary surgeon, call on the second half to prescribe for their animals. The concoctions administered aye appalling. Strong eyrnp of tobacco, lye by the quart, . caibonic acid, turpentine by the pint, etc, are given to borsas for the colic. Their bellies are rubbed with a chestnut rail; a peck of salt is placed on the animal's rump and dissolved with cold water. The animal is trotted back and forta over a twenty-acre field. bile it lies on its side its belly is kneaned with a number ten boot. If it dies, as it is very apt t do, the docter is not to blame, for colic is hard to cure. If it geta well the doctor gets great credit, for he has effected a wonderful cure. The doses civen horses for colic are equal or exceed by the mixtures given for other diseases or to other beasts. All manner of animals are bled and blistered without mercy. They are given poisons and exposed to numberle&s barbarities. Marketable IToney. I American Agriculturist Of late vears the tendency among bee-. keepers has been to neglect comb-honey, and work almost exclusively for exrraciea. ine latter is more rapidly secured, and it re quires less skill to succeed in obtaining a gxd return in extracted honey. The ex perience of practical men. However, may well induce bee-keepers to conRiaer me aavisabilitv of working lor comb-hopey. This always, if properly secured, finds ready sale at the highest prices. One man in Illinois, with 1.4 colonies Dy sprincr count, and 20G in the fall, secured over 1G C00 pounds of honey, which he sold S3,om At present the market demands honey in seciion?. Even the eo-csiiea prize section, which is five and a quarter by rlx and a qnarter inches, is found too large, and our wide-awake apiarists nave used generally the one-pound section, which Is four and a quarter inches square. This season, the experience in the Uoston, Chicago and Indianapolis shows tna even a snianer a half pound section is to take the lead. It will be advisable for bee keepsrs to arrange to secure this year's noney, in part at least, in eections of this smaller size. Tin or wooden separators, wnicn nave been used between the sections to Eccure straight combs, thatould be shipped easily. are expensive, bomoofour best apiarists find their use unnecessary. The et-cret of this seems to rest with the depth of the section. The usual depth has been two inches. By miking the sections from one and threeeijthth to one and three-fourth inches deep, BO that the corub shall not be so thick, the even combs are secured without separators, especially if use is made of com foundation. In arranging to change the form of sec tions, if any thus decide, let it be remem bered that the square firm is not essential. Even the prize section is not tquare. Many contend that a rectargular stc'.ion, longer up and down, is worked in better by the hes. and more qnickly capped over and Elred to toe ede. than is one that is square It is worth while to think of this plan for the -next harvest. It is hardly necessary to say that sections can not be too neat and clean. About Celery, f Amerii an Garden ! The turnip-root celery, under which name this variety of celery is generally sold, is comparatively little known outside of our large city market), while on the Continent of i'.urope it is grown to the almost entire exclusion -f the stalk kinds. In these two varieties of the same species it is amply shown how much systematic and persistent cultivation can accomplish in the develop tnent of spscial and different characteristic?. While in the one the vital energy tf plant becomes directed to tbe development of tbe leaves, In the other it is turned to the enlargement of its roots, la celeriac tbe productions of large, ten der roots is the object to be attained. There rocts, which are irregular round, of tbe size f a largt turnip, white outside and jnside and of a texture similar to parsnips, are principally used as a salad. They are boiled like beets, Deeled. sliced and dressed with vinegar, olive oil. Bait and pepper. A fa vorite way of serving this salad is to arrange it in the center of a dish, and surround it with a broad rim of red coleslaw, edged with some leaves of corn-ea'ad, the contrasting colors of red, green and white making ornamental and attractive dish. The sowing of the seed, transplanting and after management differ but little from that cf common celery, except that, as it requires ot to be hilled-up, it may be planted closer. placing the rows two frt apart and retting be plants a foot apart in tbe rows. To nb rain large and tender roots the soil must be loose, deep and moderately rich, and in dry seasons a thorough soaking of water should be -given every two or three days. Tb roots are not injured by light frosts, but they are not hardy enough to winter out doora, and sooula therefore be neeled-in in a cool eel tar or kept In boiescovered with soil or sand. Scraping Trees. I American Airioulturlst Fo we approve of scraping trees? asks friend of ours. Certainly we do, provided they need it, and one can xarely find an old tree that does not. Aside from the fact that the removal of the old bark ' scales breaks np a refuge for various insects, in clading tbe Woolly-aphis, the increased beauty of the tree repays the trouble. There are scrapers made for the purpose; one of ttvese had a triangular biace. another a long blade, with one flat and ano'her slightly concave edge. An old hoe is quite as good a tool as any; cut off tbe handle to about eighteen inches, and do not grind the blade too sharp, as a cutting implement is not needed only a scraper. !)n a very old trunk some force may be needed to detach the scales that are partly lose. but on the yourrg trees be careful not to wound the healthy bark. The scraping may be doae now, next montn, or later, when there .comes a moist drizzly spell, go over mo scraped oarx witn good sou soap, made thin enough with water to apply with a brush. Paint over a thick coat of this soap and leae tbe rejt to the rains. -Later in the season the trees will appear as if furnished with mahogany trunks. Kzfkarlmenta In Croaelng Apple. Frofeear W. J. Beal writes as follows upon crossing apples in the American Agri culturist for February: Will the pollen, or flower dnet, from one variety of apple change the appearatce of another variety? It is not nncommon to see apples of a variety which is usually smooth bearing strips of resjet fnini the stem to tie bles-o.n end. These russet strips have often, even by good botanist', been consider sd evidence of a cross, or a partial crwa, by pollen from a russet variety. On examining reveral wich appk's, I cannot now rentember to have seen a single one where the russet stripe correspondeal to i cell or carpel of the fruit. This we should expect in case the russet stripe was due to russet pollen. A lew years ao I crossed bo me smooth variety with pollen from a rua sot tree. No effect was produced on any sl tbe apples. In 18SL, the experiment was repeated, using pollen cf a Golden Hasset on the stigmas of ths Xorthern Spy. In no case! was there any indication of ruswt on the skin of the Spy apples. I think the russet stripes found on apples, which are usually smooltD, are to be attributed to what we call a 'sport." I have 6een a white pwonr and a pink one coming from the name root; a yellow sweet potato coming from a stalk which bore the rest of the crop of a red color, it la not very uncommon to find a similar change in color .in common potatoea. These are slight changes, or sporU, the cause of which is not known. CnrlDfj Corn Fodder. PbilafelpbIa Record. reading your remarks on silos and In

ntK.. nt.tk.i rf nriiiff mm fodder I was

reminded of the way in which it is often cured in Maine. Alter me corn is buhcu I 4. Hn aiton aa tha Com Itf CUO the fodder is put into a mow or on a scaffold a layer of straw and then a layer of fodder three or lour tncnes mica, or aa as to r,Tr th straw and so on. Usually some T T V- " V M , - . salt is scattered over each layer. The cattle . .a . A 3 11 T t -m eat it leadiiy in winter, straw aim ait. i. is doubtful whether iu thisclimate and with the corn fodder as green as it is usually cut, it ... . .a . . Tt A Sat IaJiIa could be kept in mat way. iui u iuuuci cut before the corn is matured, or that from mm a J a. a corn matured, is careluiiy cured ana aepi . . . . a 1 1 4 from tne wtatber it roaies ineimicu. fj-kTki tr9 ä-Sk t t'.A fX ft ft If Cllt illd steamed I doubt not it would be equal if not superior to siio-lodaer. vnen jeuoui, in k. .1,4. ATtwuAil f tK weather. mixed with dirt, dust and sand by the rains ... ...... , T T. O and winds, it is oi little vaiua. j. i.o. Honeybrook, Pa,, Feb. 8, 1883. Tha Useful Ben. In breaking an eee at a hotel in Milwau kee the other day there was found a foreign substance imbedded In Ihe yolk, which, on closer investigation, proved to be a silver dime with a leaden filling. Mrs. Stewart, of Madison. Ga.. said in 1881: "You had belter chop that old hen's head off." "No," said O. 8. Stewart "She may jet be useful." Mr. Stewart sold $10 77 worth of eggs laid by the same ben from January 1, 1832, to January 1. 1S83. Mrs. L. "Wyman, of Palmyra, Maine, has ben which has three sets of wings. The largest set are on the body in tbe usual position, the next larger on the hips and are about half the size of the first, the smallest on the lower extremities of the legs and nearly half the size of the hip wings. The den is a success in Illinois, as witness a specimen item from the Enterprise, published at Uomer, in that State: "Mrs. Kebecca Thompson, living abut seven and one-half miles southwest of this place, the past year has sold from only sixty bens over $31 worth of eggs, basidJ raising 350 chickens. Karin Notes. An Ohio farmer names the Mammoth Pearl as the potato to take the place of Peachblow, against which charges of deteri oration are made. The drought has so seriously effected the wheat crop of Australia that farmers of this country need not fear Australian competi tion the coming year. Salt is used to destroy the onion mapgot with partial success. About tbe 1st of July sow two bushels to the acre; the salt also hastens the maturity of the crop. Everything points to another period in England of live stock contagion, itoth foot and mouth disease and the pleuro-pneu-monla are appearing in unexpected places. The tendency of modsm practice in mipurine with commercial fertilizers is to use readily soluble and quick-acting manures. but to nse them snarluelv at a time. Little and of;cn is the rule. A good guide for feeding grain to cattle is one pound to each hund.ed of ther weight Mcst animals eat in proportion to their weight, and an animal weighing 1,000 pounds may receive ten ponoda of grain per day. Martindale Catkins, a discouraged fruit grower in Western New York, is digging out a fifty-acre apple orchard, planted twenty years ago. It has never borne but one full crop, and then the price was too low to pay for picking. Arthur 8. Core, of Mount Vecnon, N. Y., grew two crops of potatoes last year on the same land. The second crop was shortened by drought; but in a good season he thinks two crops may be made profitable where land is scarce. Professor J. L. Budd Bays the scions of Russian apples sent to the Iowa Agricultural College were judiciously selected from varieties grown in the latitude of St. Peters burg and Moscow, and he prophesies their future success In this cjuntry. There are almost a score of incubators in operation at Ilammonton, N. J., and there will be more chickens hatched there this season than ever before, the climateand soil, as well as location, being specially adapted to the raising of poultry. Soot contains a small percentage of nitro gen. Used alone it makes an excellent top dressing for spring grain and grass, being quick in its action withtmt being tco stimu lating. It bas also tbe property of destroy ing slags on winter grain. Many so-called cases of psar blight are due to other causes than blight, teilte often trees are said to be blighted from too much manure, when, in fact, the heavy doses of manure water would have killed an oak or butternut as quickly as it killed the pear. It is bad policy to wash harness with soap, as the potash injures the leather. If the harness becomes rusty rub off the dirt as well as passible with a soft brush, and supply a dressing of grain black, followed with oil or tallow, which will fasten the color and make the leather, pliable. In the Island oi Jamaica splendid cattle are raised on Guinea grass, many weighing 2 000 pounds or more after bemg dressed. Thousands of acres in Guinea grass can be seen in some parts of the island, stretching for miles on tbe hillsides and plains, and stocked with the finest imported cattle fro:a England, A shipment of 300 bushels of red-oak acorns has been made to Germany for plant ing on untillftble hillsides. Thh tree is found to do well in Europe, and its wood is valuable. The acorns were gathered in Missouri at an average cost of $1 per bushel The same party bas also shipped 180 bushels of pignuts for similar purposes. Care should be nsed in selecting the proper soil for early vegetables. The long varieties of beets, carrots and parsnips snould never be grown in heavy soil-that picks easily. There are kinds more suitable, such as those that grow partly nut of the ground, but sandy or open light soils are best for the long vanues. According to French anthoritv the rro" duction of beet root sugar in E a rope this year amounts to 1,020,000 tons, an increase of 137,500 tons over last vear. Germany is still tbe greatest producer, heading the list with 675,000 tons; Austrian Hungary ranks next, with 450,000 tons: r ranee third, with 410 000 tons; Polish Russia fourth, with ZTO,WU tons. A young colt was recently sold f r several thousand dollars, and the lesson Is thus taught farmers tbat the reputation of the parents places a value on an animal before it is tried on its own merits. This little colt may in the future prove worthless or it may be superior to its parents, but the fact of its being well bred gave it a high value. tanners, improve your stock. Farmers' Magazine. The question is asked as to what is the greatest number of bogs that can be kept on the product of an acre of ground. That depends oa the breed of the hogs and the quality of the soil. An estimate can easily be made by computing the yield of corn on an acre of land to be fifty bushels, or about 3.000 pounds. It has been demonstrated that a good bog will produce one pound of pork for eaek three pounds of corn, and. under the aippoaition that they will be slaughtered at the weight of 250 pounds each, tbe nuniter for one acre should not be overfoar. The nie estimate may be considered when a partion is in clover or other crops that assist in iurnishing variety. It is convenient Ur have two hens hatchIn? at the same tinie time; for not only if accidents happen may the two broods be united, bot on the hatching day it constantly occurs that, to prevent the newly born chicks being crashed by th e eggs that are behind time, we wish to give all that are hatched to one hen, while the other takes charge of tbe eggs alone, yot only does this give security to tha chicks, mho run great hazard of being crushed by the eggs

if they are kept for any prolonged space

a ider toe mother, but tbe nnhatched eggs also stand a fir better chance; for when a hea finds chickens under her she sits higher from the eggs, and less warmth is afforded them at the time they require most. A corresDondent states that he has an ex cellent Hock of fowls, which are well shel tered, nicely cared for and highly fed in every respect, bat they fiil in e production. As this is very common in all wellregulated poultry yards, the remedy is to place them on a limple diet, as the cause is that the fowls are too fat. Place some loose bar or leave on the floor of the fowl-house and throw oats among the loose material for tho hens to hunt and pick out, wnicn exercises them. Give the oata only once a day for a week, screenings the next week, returning to oats, until they are reduced in flesh. Twice a week a lew scraps may oe given at night. As soon as they begin to lav well feed all they will eat, a me pro duction of eggs will prevent further excess of fat. A f nrine rolling on a field of winter grain will often, bv flame the soil about its roots, save the crop; and it is equally beneficial in a similar way on grasslands. On light soils the loosening eilects or frequent ireeziug and thawing or more or less avoided by an autumn rolling. Grass land can not be too heavily rolled. On all light lands under tillage tha use of the roller is indipsnsable for closing the pores and preventing the evaporation of moisture. Rolling is injurious on wetclays.excepting very dry weather, when tbey are lumpy after plowing, foil ing a stiff soil when wet renders it more difficult cf cultivation, by pressing the po licies still more closely togetner ana preventing the admission of air. Grain is subject to loss in storage, but an ingenious Freeh man has hit upon a method which appears to be practioal, caeap&ad effective. It is to store it in sheet-iron cylenders of about 300 bushels capacity, so made that they can be hermetically eealed, and with an air-pump arrangement by which a vacuum can be produced. Wheat, flour and bread thus stored for seven months were found tobe in a superior state of preservation. The cylinders can be placed anywhere, and tbe cost is said to be less than that of ordinary storage in a gran ary. The contents are safe from nre and water, as also from insects or rats. The vacuum, it is claimed, kill parasitt insects, prevents fermentation and dries the grain. C. L. Washburn, of North Perry, Me., reports the dressed weight of his porkers slaughtered last week at 850 pounds. Tbee figares added to the weight of the two hogs fattened on bis place in 1880, make an aggregate of 2.370 pounds. Average weight 700 pounds. Average age, twenty-one months. liest hog of tbe three, ftJQ pounds at twenty months. Breed, Chaster VV hi t?s. General characteristics of form, great thickness of body, but no great length, comparatively. A very careful computation! from estimate and from records kept of actual expenses (exclusive of skim milk) shows the total coat oi feeding these hogs to be $117, their total market value beinr $210; average pricaO' cents per pound. In 1880 the pork cost cents per pound, this season it cost G cents per pound. The question is frequently a3ked if tobacco does not impovur sh the soil, and none can be more easily answered. Iu Virginia thousands of acres are barren, but careless farming did it The farms of Lancaster County produce better crops to-day than ihey did twenty years ago. The land is richer and more productive. Not an acre lies waste. From 3 to 5 per cent, of his land is thought as much as a farmer should put Into tobacco. It is very heavily manured, and tbe crop of wheat whicn nearly always follows tobacco, is better on ground than elsewhere on tbe farm. The manure makes tbe two crops. The farmers understand the situation. Should they observe deterioration in their lands this crop would at once be given np; but under the present system deterioration seems impossible. Thirty years of tobacco farming baa steadily improve their farms. Correspondence Lancaster New Era. Professor Baal, of Michigan, relates that in-order to test the belief in the necessity of bumble-bees for fa tilizlng red clover, be made several experiments. The first year a few clover beads, cohered with light sashes of muslin, yielded ab rat twe-thirds as many seeds as those left uncovered. In the second year four beads covered before fljwering, yielded 18. 30, 3S ai d 41 teeds respectively, while four heads that were nneovered yielded 40. 54. 43 and 57 seeds eacb. In the third year of the covered heads only one among thirty-one heads yielded seed. For the second crop of the third year eleven covered beads yielded no seed, while the uncovered beads yielded an average of thirty-seven md one-half each. Other experiments showed that with the aid of the bumble-bees, four times as many seeds were produced compared with those from which they were excluded. The Professor thinks it fair to conclude that the bees are of considerable value in fertilizing the flowers of red clover. When butter is proptrly churned, both as to the time and temperature, it becomes firm with very little working, acd it is tenacious; but its most desirable state is waxy, when it is easily molded into any shape, and may be drawn out a considerable length without breaking. It is then styled Kilt-edged. It is only in this state that batter possesses that rich golden yellow color which imparts so high a degree of pleasure in eating it, and which increusei its value manifold. It is not always necessary, when it smells sweet, to taste butter in judging it. The smooth, unctuous feeling in rubbing a little between the finger and thumb expresses at once its rich quality; the putty smell and rich aroma indicates a friiniiar taste, and the bright golden, glistening, cream-colored surface shows its height of cleanliness. It may be necessary at times to use the trier, or even use it until you become an expert ia testing by taste, smell and rubbing Dairyman. Red clover stands in W'esteri agriculture, and, in fact, throughout the Northern section of the United States and Canada, as the peer of grasses from its value alone as a hay and grazing plant If to this we sdd its value iu the rotation, as ameliora'iug and invigorating the soil, then, next to the cereal grains, it may almost be termed the most valuable plant known in agriculture. Adapted to every variety of naturally dry or drained s.ils, it bas made the cultivation of ce-eal grains profitable in many places where else it would have been impossible. Its natural home is a claey or loamy soiL In lightor sandy soils it is apt to gt thin an bare. 1) urine its early growth it is liable to be frozen or heaved out and for this reason it should always be sown in the early spring, and if with any crop, freferably with wheat, and it is better that t have the shelter qf some plant as a nurse the first season, and for the same reason it should not be fed bare late in the fall. Mrs. Lang try is raying a good many foolish thiDKs to the young ma who interview her lor papers In tbe South. Hal sue known how to bold her tongue, content to be talked of and written about, she might have left a mora favorable impression cf herself In thi country. Cnleag3 laterOoaa. Your newspaper reporters wuld not let her alone. Sue did her level best to "snub" them, but they forced themselves upon her; went around the back stairways of the hotels and interviewed her servants; nosed into the private letter bags of the hotels to find out who she was corresponding with, etc. Chicago papers should be very quiet concerning Mrs. Langtry. The Shelby Democrat ia satisfied with the work of the Legislature, and says: Tbe Ledslature is taking the bull by tbe horns, and the iarabera are doing some eWgant work. They have knocked tbe amendments into a cocked hat.il hey have taken the app-jlntment of the Benevolent I nsliiatlons out of the hands of the Governor attd have made them Democratic Thev will pass a metropolitan police bill anl should reapportion tbe State. They should bounce Ovemrcet, pass the revenue bills and adjourn.

THE FIONJCCB.

Fill np yonr glaa, O comrade true! With sparkling wine that cheers. And let us drink a bumper to Tue sturdy ploDeera The honest men. tbe women fair. Who, years and years ago. Had steady he iris and heads to dar Deeds we may never know. Nor page In history show. Tbey had their uses then, and now They have their nses, too For, oh. tbey live to tell us bow, la eighteen sixty-two. The summer was the hottest time Tbat ever scorcbed out State. And then, with earnestness sublime. They hasten to relate Tale vast to contemplate! And speak of bitter wintry woe! Why. mercy take alive : There' feil a fifteen foot of mow In eighteen sixty tire! Three foot of water in the Platte Was frozen ten foot thick! And, teeming not ronteut with that, Eicb man and wife and chick With rheumaiii took sick I A nd rbould we smile? The years goae by With martyr lives are strewn: We're gaily treading you and I The path which they have he wo Hewn from the detert and the mine, Posterity to cheer; Let's toait them in the sparkling wineDrink to the mem'ries dear! Drink to the pioneer! Denver Tribune. TABLE GOSSU. When you see a sour faced woman sifting ashes on her sidewalk, it is difficult to tell whether she loves the human race or hates the new carpet of her next door neighbor. A Maine Legislator is thus biographied: "Joseph E. Moore, Thomastcn, Democrat In religion, independent as a man can be whose wife and mother-in-law are Baptists." Whosver doubta that the newspapers have a mission should enter a car and see how useful they are to the men when a fat woman with a big basket is looking around for a seat "I have no wealth," she said; "I can give you only my hand and heart." And then ne thought that if her heart was as big as her hand she was indeed wealthy. Providence Journal. Said De Müsset: "The only true language of love is a kiss." But what a Müsset would have made had he not been thoroughly familiar with the accidence of that language. Boston Transcript A few words properly used express a great deal. "How do my customers like my milk?" Tbe youth, the fearfully precocious youth, looked into the milkman's face witb a perpleied expression and aked: -Your what!'1 ''If you would be truly happy, my dear," said one New York lady to another, -yon will have neither ets nur ears when your husband corn's bona late frcm the club." "Yes, I know," answered the other wearily. "but what am I to do with my uos? ' Nothing will make a woman more thoroughly man than u wear $50 hoe to a ball, get her dress caught up on chairs, and have lot of similar accidents and then find when tbe romei to iri liuue bat tb bas danced all the evening with old woollen lejgiDgs on, having forgotten to remove them. Ordinarily a man has no trouble in rinding an excuse for stating away from Cbnrcb. Fogg, however, says he has kept away fcr the last six months just io see if tin could find a reaaouable excuse, but hasn't discovered ue yet. He proposes to stay away until te does find one, if it takes a lifetime. Boston Transcript "I knew he was no raint," Eaid the parson's wife, referring to a party who occasionally vuited the Church, but whose piety her husband had been in the habit of ex tolling. "No saint uiv deir?'' I don't understand you?" "Don't eh? Well, 1 sat ia the pew next to him this m iriiio, and when ho was getting down to pray his knea j Mn:3 creaked like the rusty hinges of an old uarn-door." "In our c mntry," said the Englishman, as he leued back in his chair, "before we marry we arrange to settle a certain snm upon tbe wife," "Ye?, I know," replied the Amt rican, "but with us it ?s different. It is after we are married that we settle everything on the wife and arrange to beat our creditors." "Haw! I see. And bow do the creditors take it?'' "Taey never find anything to take."- New York Commercial Advertiser. The grease: When be had called tbe meeting to order Brother Gardner arose and said: "Uen'len, if it wasn't for de wheels on a wagon tho wagon wouldn't move. When de whtels is on den what?" "Grease!" solemn ly exclaimed an old man. "kerrect!" whi-pered the President, softly rubbing his bands together. "We hez de wagon an' de wheels. We will now pass de hat aroun' for de grease." Detroit Free Press. One of the most popular conductors tbat ever ran a train out of Boston has the credit of the following bon mot: Not long since a special minister's ticket was handed to him, to which be gave careful inspection, as bis duty required. The passenger quite tartly remarked that it wis unnecessary to be so very particular about his ticket The conductor replied, in his quiet and evercourteous manner: "1 em only looking to see where you are going, sir. I don't care to see in the morning papers. 'Another minister gone wrong!' " Traveller. "So you has triplets at your house?" said Rev. WrhangJoodle Baxter to SSleppy Pete, a member of his congregation. "Yes, Parson, dars free ob 'em at home, two boys and a gat" "When is yer gwineter to hab 'em baptised?" 'Can't tell yer, Parson. I'se gwineter find out which preacher in Austin will baptize 'era for de least money, an' de lowest bidder am gwineter git de jub. If de lowest bid am too high, den I'se gwineter pick out de gal an' hab her b-iptizid, an' let de two boys worry along widout any bapt'.sm, until de times has quit bein' so panicky." Sittings. Emerson E. Watson, who has heretofore been a very sober, respectable sort of a man. baa of late taken to ruuuing with some of tbe Legislators, who are no in session a' Austin. Ose of the consequences is that he comes home late at night, and, apparently, in a very debilitated condition. Last night, when his wife opened the door for him', he exclaimed: "You ought to be eshamed of Yourself to come bomsin th cmditiou!" "Look here, Sara, if you had bein running around all night with them Legislative fellers you would be in a sight worse fix than I am." SiftiDgs. Wise Views on Temperance. The current number of the Chtistian Union contains a symposium on the temperance question deserves the cireful atten tion of all students of that intricate problem. The editor Bent out requests several weeks ago to a score of representative men, asking them to suggest practical measures for red tic ing the present evils of drunkenness and liquor Selling. Replies are published from Mr. Whittier, Rev. Drs. H. C. Potter and William H. Taylor, of Kew York; and II. W. Tnomvt, of Chica?o; ex-Governor Long, Hon. William B. Washburn, J. Max Hart and P. T. Bor num. The most striking thiog about the replies is the entire unaoimty of the eight writers concerning the merits of prohibition as a remedy. Kvery one of them is opposed to it The editor says that in addition to the letters published he received others in which the writers said tbat their yiews were so far out of harmony with those of the temperance leaders that tbey did not care to publish them at present lest they should provoke to controversy rather than to good works. Thus it is made apparent tbat nearly or quite all representative men, whose views were sought, are agreed that the surest way for the advocates of temperance to advance their cause is to confine themselves to temperance . methods and maesares. The eight replies published could all have been summed up in one, so far as unanimity

on the few main points is concerned, and

signed as a common declaration of belief. AH the writers aree that intemperance id a great evil; that it ia impossible to suppress it at ouce by decree; that it is useless to pas lawa which are in advance ot public sentiment; that so long as the present restrictive lawsarenotenforced.it is folly to think of passing more stringent or prohibitory ones; and that the pre-cnt duty of all temperance advocates is to unite and create a public tentiment strong enougk to sustain the present enactments and thus prepare the way for others more stringent The ttrength of this position is undeniable. It is sustained by all the writers with earnest and convincing arguments, which, in nearly 11 instances, are accompanied by practical suggestion's. It is evident that all the writers nave been more or less influenced by the part which the prohibition question played in the elections of lat fall. Mr. Whittier admits frankly that thce elections convinced him tbat a great work of moral suasion and personal example must oe none Deiore law can be made available." He had previously thought that the "dreadful evil of initio peranco might be chicked and finally abolUhed by legislative action," but he is convinced nöw that the education of the moral sentiment must precede legislation. Dr Potter finds encjaragement in th increaaing ympathy of the two wings of tempt-rauce reformer; the advocates of nrohihition and tho rn(to'n of license. He th'uks tbe present drift of me temperance movement is toward a combined ell'ortof all i's advocates in the direction of a wise restriction, "and in thi3," he adds, "I cn but think lies his strength." Dr. Thomas, wriiii.g in Chicago, in a State which has jnst. emerged from a prohibitory amendment strugele, has the courage to tay: "I caa not feel that " forcible prohibition is right as a principle, and I am quite ture it would fail as a practical method." Dr. T&ylor says: ' It is idle to tslk of prohibition which is the utmost fcrm of restriction when we can not have the measure of reetrictiennow on the statute book carried out" These are the views of men profoundly interested in the subject, and whose sincerity can not be qnotioned. It is of good omea to the cause of pniae temperance that euch men are connrg forward and taking the reins of leaders-hip. The fanatics have had too much power heretofore, and have succeeded in retarding rather than forwarding tbe movement. They have rejected in behalf of the cause all offers of .esistance which have been made by men or organizations Dot committed to absolute prohibition, and have helped to give success to the open enemies of temperance rather than to join hands with the advocate of restriction. Financial Keaaltaot Relocation. N'ew YoikGrapWcJ A. Uch cattle king. Attended tchool in his boyhood about a jear. Able to add and multiply but not to parse. Somewhat misty in bUiory and geography. Thinks the Evt Innies join Siberia somewhere, and th.it William the fourth and illiam tbe Con oaeror are identical. But is worth two mil lions, and will be worth a third in two vears. Understands bis business and liss under him three or four colljgiates hrlpibg to keep his accounts. U. Father and mother "scrimped and cheese pared" to pive their only eon ami darling b .y B. an education. Went through Oolleg and graduated with hoaom. Is now forty years of age and laboring in arich pub lisher soihee at 11 j per week, making school D OO its. C Picked up the ferments of an educa tion at a New England red country school house at the "Corners." Was always prompt in the dollars and cents arithmetical depart ment aud but littio else. Went io Cahforfornia at an early date, bought city lots for taxes and is now one of the millionaire pilUrs of society and -be Church in San Fran Cisco. His opinions on ifce literary merits of "our minister ' permt-ns are qu jfed and feared and in private laughed at. D. At an early aire etowtd s'rong in clination to study. Ob-erving friends etbt mm toscnooland from thence to Collei-e. Durir-g hi four years' collegiate course he lived on ?4 a week, btarved his stomach permanently into dyspepsia. Wore hi clothes threadbare until they ceased to protect him from cold, whereby be left C ller with honors and the consumption. Wei into the ministry and preached to a rur. congregation lor $250 per year. Died in tb Poor House. E Stout hearty, beef eating boy. NT6V( could be made to g to tehool regularly o apply himself to his books. Bully among his fellows and the terror of all the quiet people in the villne. Ban away from home at sixteen, leaving a bad name behind him. Was not heard fr m for fifteen years, but turned up at last as a rich Western railroad contractor. Came borne and gave his studious elder brother, vho bad been throngh College and knev all about it a situation at f.'KK) per annum, which he was thankful to get E still cpella pork "p-i-r-k!" F. College graduet. People well eff but not millionaires. F. graduated tix years aco. Doctor. Has done nothing since but live at home. Never earned a cent in hss life. Probably never will. G. Kicked into the street at six years of age. Became a newsboy. Then a cabinboy on a California-bound hip. A bartender in San Francisco. Thence 6a!oon proprietor, and is now a "leading politician." No schooling at all. H "Went through College. Came out Went into his uncle's coarting-house, unlearned a great deal tsugbt him by his Professors. Learned in its place, "men. thing), affaire and human nature." Observed closely. Saw which way the cat jumped. Cut his financial cye-:eeh, and is nosv a wealthy Wall street nmn. An Adventurous Inebrate. Monday morning, while great .crowds stood on the Park and Mill street bridge?, in Cincinnati, watching tue swift-running waters, the screams of cn old lady, as she cried, "Save my son! Oh, save my bon!" attracted tbe attention of rverv one to a man on a small raft who was feebly making a:i effirt to row his hastily mde craft to a p'acaof safety. It wa teen that the man was in a half-frczea or intoxicated condition, and that unless help soon reached him he must fill Off. Just at this juncture he was seen to all, going clear under the muddy wave, but in a moment be rMpi-nred, and by a great effort succeeded in regaining his position on the raft which im fixated to the Mill ftreet bridge, where dczns of men with Ions: poles stood ready to save him. The screams of the frantic old mother had the efiect t .iast en the eAorta being made for his rescue and apparently to arouse the man to a sense of Iiis danger, and an tue raft 11 rn'id under the briij he raised himself up and catc'ilu bold of a portion of the tloor, hung uusp n 1ed for a fall minute, with his feet iu Ihe water, before a boat manned oy three pilicemen, reached him, tiLd be was raved from a watery grave. He proved to be a young nmn by the name of Flynn. He wa intoxicated and ventured on the ra't without any appar ent purpose more man to take a ride, and it rani near being his last. He was taken to the Third street Station II u?e and put in a room to maw out ana sober up. Flood Incidents at Cincinnati oa Friday. Saturday's Commercial Gjzette.l There wss some complaint that the pro vision) were watted b? parties to whom thev were disbursed, but the Committee tay that such is not the fact Even the ecrar-s of bread, ot which thero appears to be a large quantity, are used over in making soups for dinner. In the two public school buildings there are housed and fed about 325 refugee, men, women and children of all ures. There are also several families provided for at tne Oer man catholic school-house and Sc. Bonifacius Church, all of whom are fed and clothed under the direction of the General Relief Committee. The entire number who are being fed, including those who still remain shut np in their own home-, is about 2,000 more than one-third cl the ward being eurrounaea cy water.

The distress imone the refugees ia almo .

beyond description, but there are some who impose on the Committee, being able to take care of themseivei, and have arapl means to do aa Tbere is one saloon keeper who was driven out by the high water with bis family, who 1 as retired from business and has four or five houses of his own, from which be obtains rent, and has monev law! a,H fr- m raiDy day, who is a daily applicant for rei:ei irom the uommittee. Another individual, who is a contractor. President cf two Building A has some money laid up, also accepts relief from the eame source. The only difficulty that ha labors under is simply in being obliged to vacate tbe house he was livinr in on account of the flood. Sotre Of the ercCrr-VeewrTi er .1 Kmk-Vh have exhibited their heartUssne hr -h arm ing or.trageous prices for provisos, in dealinj? with rcoLle who are tirm-irtin iKm. selves, and are a. the same time contribut ing lo maintenance cf the sufferers. One butcher has th. nrl forty eents a p mnd for beefsteak, and a certain grtcer sells bread for fifteen cents a loaf aud coal oil ior eighty ceMs a illoa. These Individuums c:e known, and ere Hina marked f jr future reference. otwitbs'acdirj!T the e fl irts nfth rtohrw a-id the cii;r.s' patrol, the vruik of pilfexiug n rtfinr earned tn pe.-Mstenlly, and thus f?r rot one rf the th'Vvia have hn cansM ad r.aiabfd. J-.irly ; cstcrday morning ibe f aloon of J. Bahn. Oll Dane StTeet. wliirh is vttr honri1 tVRS entere! bv t irate und thoronehW gutted t f evf r7ih'n ot any vulu-. Une individual ho was wj-hrd out has be'j wry as&iduous in gathrirg in ail 11 jaiifi: material, he'her it brt-m-, c bim or not, ard when the llooi subsides he will have euouzu to fit hnuMrlf un in himinosa again, unlets the articles ho has "prigged" are lasen bkhj Ir-ni l.uu. Ar;o:hs-r man. ah i i.i rr-l cirrnm. B'auce. vras deU c?ed yes'er in, in Mealing tloatirg lank sidewalks and n'b r lumber, Bawir.g it up ard pulling it in his Cf-iUr. A well-known f aloon keper has been carrjing on a bri-k irade in stimulants while H'ki".?a:d from ii.i (Yiiiir.-iit'f-p. and it is proposed by theOminkiilte Ui ihut eff cts supply oi laou at a pio'i-ions. The situtton of Liwrencbur an J its citizens i3 thus described in ytsttrday's Com me rc-al G zette. It says: A city with a popoulstloa cf C.000 inhabitant., situated but twenty miles from tue capital of the. great valley of the Otio. ouTrounded by water ranging li deptb from Mxty-f.v to tenty feeV and at ihe bihet pos.U:e point vubin tbe limits tbe wnter is at hat live ft-ei deop. ajd thecuirent i i the Mreri ii a:ia.st a avtllt as U la In. tbe chaDuel of me g-et nvr. l'be ctnzens Luve been ompc!lel to fek saJety ia the Co;irt Hou-e, 'hnrenes, factories aud such other plitcen a cou'd be lonnd Hour by Hour ai.il minute tay minute danger of btlrgs'vcpt a'ey ctiimulme-. A numtn-r ol the buil.lltgs are but trail fabric. The rushiDg waters arT wave by ware ea'irjij out tho fiiirjCationa Cries lor wen iitlo have all day gt.ne up in chrr.s The b iihl t-kit-s whttn yesterday rverhung the ipu'idted cut ent uo hope of relief totSepmiic ttud griof stiicken people. Wim the waters ri i3lv WelHiii. k d the situation p'owlntr more hazardous, fat j e iiiusv. almost' be atondoned. Uulesh rt-itef ii taken to tbe:n hundreds of ttit-m a-HI cerininly expire Jn ai ilsi vaiion if the rise contirioeo for lUe next tweive. as it baa forth J p&bt twe.vc hours, tbere i -o te'liug what is to betörte rf tberity ai.d t!;e i-topir. At this hour ( a. m ') the water im niil rlüing. Hti'l. from oak-illations bastd ui"ii itie nliUtm of the waier her;, it must bi u lei teet d.epnn the Coiirt Home tqiure, lLo highest; point iu the ill fated city. Mr. Jay Gould srid i'i a recen. interview: Kvery one hvj his special ts'-f. Ilr. Vanderhilt hf c Tili VK'eil ii luve for tuft Wi-r-oi. berat s-3 tbey give him plea--ure snl heal' n. I io, like a. ifoo'l bus. hu 1 c! rot -4rrv th."- iitiLg t ex treaies i fml plev-'ue in oihsr js. I' irr o t'lij-iy my busl!ie". I rjay rny )i u,inT fdriilv t.S b s. of an v.M. "m uie w,.j 1 1. t sink 1 bave ray Kbure if tbe i liasirii tr 1:; hi this. world. 1 icf. e e gie r.sry kkfcs it culls,, but they mate tae Me.- tin wj3i.;r The recent audiences of Co:;nt K'noke-y, the ImperUl Mn:i.-ter of F roii Affairs, and Count Ardfwr, ihe former Minister, with Kmpror Fiarjcis Jus pli l ae given rise to rumor of cha'veiUi ih Minir-fy. Profitable Patients The mo;t wonderful aud marvT-loti?sutcew in ei-es where per-ciis are sock or wasting away from a condition of mis ra hi tbat uo one knows wha ails tte-tn (;roii.able l au'ents for doctor), is obtained by tLe ns of Hop Ditters. They beci.i to cure from the first dose, at.d keep it np until perfect health acd btrerpth isrestord. Whoever is afflicted in this way need not sutler, when they can get Hop Hitlers. CiloJ nati Star. STRONG FACTS! A great many people are asking what particular troubles Eaows's. Iron Bitters is good for. It will cure Heart Disease, Paralysis, Dropsy, Kidney Disease, Consumption, Dyspepsia, Rhcimiatism, Neuralgia, and all similar diseases. Its wonderful curative power is simply because it purifies and enriches the blood, thus beginning at the foundation, and by building up the system, drives out all disease. A Lady Cured of Rheumatism, Baltimore, Md., Mar 7, 1SS0. My health was much shattered by Rheumatism when I commenced taking l'.rown's Iron Eitters, and I scarcely had strencth enough to attend to my daily household duties I am now using the third bottle and I am rccaining strength daily, and I cheerfully recommend it to all. I cannot say too much in praise ciit. Mrs. Maky . Ürasiifar, 173 Pres uuanjL. Kidney Disease Cured. Christiansburrr, Va., iSSn. Suffering from kidney dUeasev from 'hich I could crt no relief, I" tried Brown's I ron Litters, which, cured me corr.pletel. A child of mine, recovering from carlet fever, . had no appetite and did not teem to be able to eat at 1L I cave him Iron . Litters with the happiest results. J. K.YLU IdoKTAiua.. Heart Diser.se. Viae St., Ilarrisrnux,-Pa. Dec , ibJäi. After trying different physicians -and many 1 medics for pilpitatioa cf the heart without receiving any benefit, I was advised to try lirown's Iron lütter. 1 have Ufed two bottles and never found anything that. pre me so luurh relief. Mrs. JuiKis IIsss.. For the peculiar troubles to which 1 ladjes are subject.. Brown's Iron. BITTERS is invaluable. Try iL Be sure and get the Genuine.CRR week in vourowri un. Terms a. id SA outtJDU fit free. Address H. UalleU d. Uo.,furkaaul. Kalna,