Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 30, Number 18, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 June 1882 — Page 7

THE IN3LÄANA STATE SEFUIKEL, WEBNESDAX JüKE7 1862,

OUR FARM FIUEND3.

Breedin j'for Marks The Susar Beet Kearlii? Tonn? Caltes. . Small Farmers-Mntton for Market Dairy, rarm ad Workhop Note. Tli Frini'f Daughter. She lives within a quiet borne " Xo model of tbe graces. Unknown to culture's blghest wait, Or fashion's giddy places; A thoughtful girl so sweet end wise, Vita earnest lace and loving eyes The farmer's gentle daughter. On baking days her tiny hands Are busy at the making; Xo bre 4 more light and sweet than here Was Ter marie by hak In sr. Shechurus the butter, golden sweet. And keeps tbe dairy waiieaud neat The farmer's useful daughter. Her garden Is an F.den fair, Aiid blossoms with pinks and roses; She knjw the name of every flower, And maces some jrorgeoui posiesGrows peas, and radishes, and cress. And corn, and iuah, and herbs to press The farmer's happy daughter. long may she bra Tel y smile on us ur darling household lairy. The queen of gardens, house ana lot, And piincess of the dairy To teach us by her pleasant ways To love the tbinss of everyday God bless the farmer's daughter. Breeding for Marks. "We are making many serious mistakes In breeding by adhering too rigidly to color marks. Numerous instances have occurred in which many valuable strains of blood have been ruined by overlooking prime qualities and characteristics in order to keep close to the color line. This applies to horses, cattle, sheep, hogs, and even poultry. It is well enough to have certain defined shapes and types as badges of purity of de scent, but when tnese mar or points are gained at a sacrifice of stamina, quality and endurance it is time to ball for a consider ation. The contest that has been waged ore the ro in or red color of the abort horns has been an injury to that variety of cattle, So prejudicial has been the competition in this matter that the very object Of their improvement pas been often forgotten, and at son fairs the judges have speut hours in con sidering points ot color and minutes only in deciding questions of shape. That the shape and general make up of the animal should be paramount to all other considerations is apparent to every one who wishes to breed cattle on the iarni lor market ana with proht, but we are learning costly lessons in our eagerness for color-marks only. The French have kept the color ot rercheroa horses uniform for generations, adhering to the gray. but they have been forced to admit that this splendid breed, pood as it is, would have been superior had tuey not been so particu lar regarding the color. Even in America there was for a long time more or less preju dice among the owners of. thorough bred horses regarding color. The bay, the sorrel and the chestnut were all regarded with more favor than the gray, but when the magnificent son of Lexington Lightning swept the race courses of the .North, and cut down the previously invincible l'lanet and the great Panic, two of the best horses in the country, his color was forgotten. Efforts to get the legs of the Southdown a little darker bas not helped its constitution, and shortening th'e noe of the Berkshire, and keeping close to the white face and lees bas not been of great benefit -to the breed. -Anion? fowls, the Black Span ish may be mentiorea as positive suuerers from the desire on the part of their breeders to perpetuate certain marks. The striking fecuiiarity ot this breed is the white face, t has taken years to get the face entiiely . white, and to this day a full-plumaged Black Spanish cock with a broad white face entirely free from the traces of red is a rarity. Vie have the white face, but at a cost that thades the value of tue peculiarity sought, for these noble fowls were a quarter ot a century ago among the hardiest and most profitable of any of the breeds. Today they are almost ignored, for they are ill-shaped, gawky and tender as compared with what they were. Stamina, constitution ,and vigor surrendered to the white face, and while they are still good layers, they are not clawed among our hardiest fowls. The same may be said of the Polish varieties, and the white earlobes ot the Leghorns mav ultimately lead to an impairment of their tisef al qualities. It is wise to have clearlvdefined marks to all breeds, but at the same time they should not be gained at the ex pense of the natural characterics of the ani mal or bird. The Sogar Beet. The following hints regarding the sugar beet are from the Sugar iieet: "Recent experiment J upon beet seed show that the germinating qualities depend upon the changes their oily substances have undergone through the oxygn of the air. If seeds have absorbed too much moisture, or if they have been gathered too soon, they are not easily preserved. A good seed in one local ity is not necessarily good in another, hence the importance of producing the seed in those districts where it is to be sown. The larger the seed, within reasonable limits, the better the quality. Many recommend heavy seed; the lighter ones should. in tact, be rejected. A curious tire test for the germmating qualities of beet seed has been suggested. It consists in submitting the seed to heat if it bnrns without noise or disturbance it may be considered of a poor quality. Sugar beets, in the colder climates, go to seed only after the second . 1 a . . yar; as me nower iorms so does tue sugar diminish; in warmer climates beets fre qnently go to seed the first year. Hence the impossibility of profitably growing these roots in the Southern States for other pur poses than stock food. "When selecting mother roots for seeding purposes give preference to those having leaves of moderate size. Excellent results are said to have been obtained by combing a small quantity oi inoasic pnospuate ot lime witn beet pulp, to be fed to cattle. The proper quantity is twenty-five grains per diem. In those couii tries where care is bestowed in raising beets me agricultural interest is on the increase. Did you ever hear of a farmer planting ten Acres of beets, yearly upon ten different plots i i . .. .... yi iana ior ten consecutive years and declar ing mere is no monev in Deets: We never have. V hy not? Because those trying this nave then realized that the soil has been im proved by deeper ploughing, their cattle have been in good health when fed on the roots, and the resulting manure has been plentiful and rich." Rearing Young Calves by Hand The demand for milk being great at al Brnsous, me necessity oi ten arises for wean Ida calves wrfen only a few days old. The Eractice is wrong, but we must mate the est of It and endeavor to feed the calves in such manner is to keep them in heal Lb. A pood substitute for milk is bean soup, made thin enouzh to drink, to which has been added corn meal and a mall proportion of salt. If it is possible to add milk to the bean soup it will bo much better for the calf. Occasionally tie diet should be changpd by mating a strong infusion or decoction o clover or other hay, which is prepared by running the clover through a cutter anil steeping it in water for a few hours. This decoction should be salted a little, and have added to it fine bran or shiDstuff. It is es sential in feeding young calves to change the food aj much as possible, and always see that it is of a nourishing quality. Beans are the best substitute for milk, but milk is bet ter than anything else, ne thing should cot be overlooked, however, which is that there is but little to gain from a calf when improperly cared for in its earlier days. Small Farmers. A Texas correspondent of the Chicago Prairie Farmer hits the nail so aquarely on the head in writing about small farms in the

South that we make no apoloey for piving

bis remarks in full iu our own columns. lis arguments suit other sections equally wen. lie saysr When we read of the great Dalrymple . . - t . I V . V. 1 spring wheat larm oi tue .iwm, uu many as great Ktcnarasoti cotton mrm oi the Soutb, we are natura. ly persuaded that OUT Utter lnsuniDCance amounts w a iaci. and would so treat the matter; but when we find that the world's demands are supplied, not from these colossal arms, but by the small farms cultivated n diversity insteaa oi unity oi crop, me conclusion Is found to oe aoout tuis: ror rnfir. inoenendence. comfort and real in trinsic homesnun haPDines?. the small, wellcultivated, well-arranged and well-governed farm takes on the prize. The cause is plain to the one wno cas watched with scrutiny the growth of the small farm system throughout the South since the War, because the many require ments of living are produced by labor, in stead of being bought by the sweat of the brow expended at other avocations. Each farm is a representation of a peace ful home, ruddy inmates, unused to crime and commercial frauds, surrounded with all that is neces-iary to make life a blessing, bought by an effort and enjoyed by many, profitable because well tilled, remunerative because the expenses do not over-balance the proceeds, and safe because in opposition to monopoly. Such farms are the loster motners ot gooa society, where churches and schools abound. therefore the direct as wen as ine indirect value of each can not be estimated. Small farms are in opposition to landlordi?m, the present curse of Ireland and En gland. We afnrm that small farms are very prontab'e in the Southhave proved it, and hope to see this scratcn-over-mucn ana raise-iiitie system broken in twain through the instrumentality of small farms, well cultivited. l. uecause tney are partial proiecuuu against drought and crisis. 'Z. Uecause they are toe weaun ana me ot a community. 3. Tney promote good society, wnicn con stitutes a stable Government. Therefore let us have more small farms, and these well tilled. Mutton for Market. A visit to the droveyards of our large cities will convince all skeptics that either the breeds are kept for wool or the inferior kinds only are marketed. While the sheep nas. no doubt, received iu share of improvement, there is still room for further advance in the size and qualitf of most of those that are every year driven through our streets to the yard. Manv ot them are ot tue worst kind of scrubs, and it is a surprise how any farmer can afford to breed them, as such stock shows a system of extravagance in the breeder that could not be anorded by those who endeavor to make their sheep profitable or their farmsiproductive. TheLnglish butch ers, who have critical customers, always displav the dark legs of the Southdowns on their lees of mutton, when such can be pro cured, as the buvers know the advantages possessed by that breed as mutton sheep. They breed in England for mutton rather than for wool, but as improvement in one direction leads to improvement in other ways. so. wb may say, the wool interests have not been overlooked across the water, There is no stock more easily or cheaply im proved than the sheep, as a single ram is sufficient for quite a Hock. Some farmers are inclined to think that the fine breeds are not hardy, but this is a m stake. They need, perhaps, more attention, but this should not be objected to on well-regulated farms. Our common stock should be crossed with Southdowns, and occasionally, for t further change, with Cotswolds. Such cross ing win give nner ana Detter muttons, as well as increase the yield and quality of the wool. An Economical Table Cover. By the following method a simple, cheap, and yet very pretty cover for a table or stand may be quickly made. A heavy doub efaced canton flannel is now manufactured, in various colors, bavin ' the nap on both sides, and is on sale generally. Either this or the single-faced can be used, but the double-faced is preferable on account of its extra thickness: Ibe shade ran be selected to match the furniture. hen cut to a suitable size, it is bordered with a contrast ing shade of the same material of any de sired width. But this is best made of the single nap flannel, as the double would be a little clumsy. The border is cut of double width and folded so as to leave the fold for the outside edge, and stitched on. To cover the seam, sew on a strip of velvet or velveteen with cross or fea";her stitch of filoncelle, of contrasting shade; gold is prefer able. This comes in all colors and costs but little, and each thread can be split into two or tnree tnreaas. Dairy Xote. Several dairy districts of England have become infected with the dreaded foot-and mouth disease, A dairy farmer In England, celebrated for the splendid quality of his butter, which has repeatedly been awarded highest prizes at trie iioyal bhow, was asked bv a corre spondent of the London Live Stock Journal to state the reason for his exceptional suc cess, and made the laconic reply : "Plenty oi not water, sir. Whoever places much dependence on the strainer for securing clean milk will never make gilt-edged butter. Allowing dirt to get into the milk and then depending on the strainer te get it out is a poor apology tor cleanliness. More or less of the dirt, es pecially everything of a soluble nature, and some that is not, win find its way through the meshes of the strainer. The following are the tests of Kentucky Jersey cows, all made in three to five months alter calving: ilattie Todd 8,230, 12 pounds 11 ounces: Sunny Lass C.033. 14 nounds 7 ounces: Nelida 2d 8,227! 13 pounds ounces; Colt's La Biche G,3'J9. 16 pounds 14Ja ounces; Muezzin 3.S.U, 13 pounds 4 ounces butter, each in seven days. I am informed that Muezzin has since made four teen pounds of butter in seven days. L. B. Arnold, iu the Farmer's Advocate, says ine large ioes ot miiic from tfie protracted drought of läst season should admonish dairymen of the danger of letting the spring go by without making some proVision in time lor supplying green food in a" midsummer drought, which, for a longer or shorter term, will be very sure to come. A stitch in time, etc. But no one need hag the delusion that applying to one part pf a farm the products of another Dart will make one part rich without impoverishing the other. Agents of the large dairy produce houses in Normandy, France, attend the local markets, buy the butter from the farmers, who in their interest attend to rules laid down by the buyers. It is then carted to the stores or factories, and then put through a machine, so that instead of having l.uoo different lots, varying from twenty to fifty pounds each, they turn out many tons per day of precisely the same sample. Thia, instead of being packed in baskets, rough cloths, and perbap newspapers, is püt into baskets, each holding twenty-four pounds, in two-pound roll., neatly made and prepared, and presenting remarkable uniformity in apiearance. Messrs. Yoemaos & Sons, of Walworth, N. Y., authorize the following milk records of their Holstein cows, all made by setting the milk twelve hours in a Coofey creamer, churning the cream only, ana for the full week, at one churning: Lady Walworth, eight years, made nineteen pounds six ounces in two consecutive weeks; Georgie, two years, made twelve pounds two ounces in one week; Ophelia, two years, thirteen pounds five ounces in one week; Aggie, 2d, thirteen pounds six ounces in a week; Princess of Wayne, three years, eight and one-fourth pounds in one week, when she had been milked ten months, and her next calf waa dropped in two days less than one year from the date of preceding calf; and in ten months and twenty-one days she made

milk record of 14.00S pounds and nine

ounces. lhis record of nearly one and a quarter pounds of butter per day when oyer 300 days from calving, and hen due with next calf within sixtv days, is verv satis factory to u?, considering her age and the season of the year (November 21). There is a brisk demand at borne for West ern butter, and the shipments to Eastern points have largelv fallen oil witüm tue past three weeks. The faot is one lor con gratulation 'among Western dairymen,. who are saved the expense of shipmentsand at the same time enabled to keep up their reputation anion the people who know them most intimately. Grass butter of the highest excellence is coming forward freely, although prices as yet are held rather, above the averape at this snsrn of the Te&r. Con gressioral action upcni the subject of oleo- j margenne ana me prospective ux- upon bogus butter has a tendency to keep up the prica of the genuine article, and it is not ikely that good creamry will be offered ai lower than existing prices tor several weekst j come. Farn aid Workshop Note. The Crescent strawberry is the best vaiity for all purposes. The way to get rich in farming is to kee? down weeds and uso plenty of raanure. For Hungarian oae bushel of, seed, fortyeight pounds, is toe proper quantity jut sowing an acre of ground. In Cheshire, England, extraordinary re sults have been attained in the application of half-inch bones to poor upland past ares. The sugar beet forms starch in its leaves, but in the lea3 stalk this is converted into irrape sugar, and into canesvar in tlue tlkick top root in whiah it is stored up. Dalrvmple, the great wheat farar of Dakota, has solid $SO,000 worth of his land to George Howe of Bradford, Pa.- Dalrymple found it necessary to decrease his acreage in order to farm it effectually.. Algerian wheat planted in Bohesaia and Austria is said to give Tery satisfaetory re sults, yieldLng more largely than other va rieties. It is a bard variety, and yields al most twenty-five busheSs per acre. According to the Governnie return there wa3 imported into Canada in 1&S1 $919.297 worth of Hour and $45,2i worm of cornmeal. compared with $ö3-LKsi worth of flour in 1880, and u,S03 worth of cornmeaL Breeders of Hereford claim for their fa vo riies that they are among the most hardy of all breeds of cattle, and thns are particu larly adapted for countries where it is im possible to take special care of cattle through the winter. The secret of raising winter squashes is to plant them late. When maggots get into the vine.- the on)y way to save the crop is to cover the vines about six inches deep with earth. Burvin the worm kills it and does not hurt the vines. By growing deeply-rooted crops as part of a rotation, the subsoil is made to contribute to the general fertility. Shallow-rooted crops, on tue otner band, nave generally a special faculty for appropriating food ac cumulated at the surface. In selecting paint for out-of door work, the lighter colors should be preferred in point of durability, though at present fashion indi cates the darker tints. The dark colors ab sorb the sun's rays and occasion earlier de cay of the material painted. To make a cement for stoves take iron til ingsandcilx to about the consistency of putty for glazing with white lead and lin seed oil. i-in in tne joints as securely as possible when the store is cold, and let it stand a day or two before using. ' The blacksmith often injures the woodwork of a carriage bv fitting his irons when too hot. If the wood burns ever so little it weakens it, and if a joint is near the latter it is sure to open. A blacksmith who can not fit an iron without depending upon its burning its way down should never be allowed to work at the forge. The average of German observations show that the annual yield ot milk rises gradu ally from the birth of the first calf till the fifth, reaches its maximum after the sixth, sinks gradually till after the tenth calf. when it is abut the same as at the firat calving, and after the thirteenth or four teenth calf is only one-fourth or one-fifth of tne maximum yield. Farm manures contain all, while commer cial fertilizers may contain only a portion of tne ingredients wnicn plants use for food But if a farmer were to find it profitable to apply larjre quantities of phosphates to his fields, as is often the case, he would prob ably secure that material nure cheaply by purchasing a superphosphate, or bone meal. than by getting horse manure from citv stables at large expense. Probably there is no crop so profitable for soiling purposes as corn fodder. It should be sown at different times to keep up a sue cession until cold weather. Oats and then barlev may be sown earlier than is proper for corn to be sown. The larger growing i varieties of sweet corn are best for this pur pose. This crop affords a profitable supply of ears for market or home use and an abun dant growth of fodder for the milch cowj. Charcoal is not a fertil izer. It is aliuos indestructible, ana wnoiiv insoiuoie in wa ter. It is ot great val'ie as a dit-inftCant and deodorizer, aborbini' mt.v times its own bulk of am maniacal g&., and acts at itorehouse of amiu inia and moisture, givin them out as needed by plants. Its niechani cal action is to lighten the soil, and it tend to purify it and keep it sweet. Plants take their carbon from the air by their lepves and net from tne earin. Few of our farmers have yet learned the advantages of the practice of English farm era in establishing what are intended to be permanent pastures, of sowing not only clover and timothy but several other varie ties or seeds in combination with them. In this way thev avoid the loss of time which most of our farmers suffer, when nature is taxed to make a turf after the clover and timothy have gone. Nature will in time do this work as is shown by our roadsides that were formerly pastured very closely by cat tie running at large. An exudation of fluid from cut shoots or branches sometimes confounded with bleed ing, takes place in winter when the part is warmed. The increase of tempera-ure exDandi the air mixed with the fluid and causes the fluid to be forced out of the stem When cooled the air contracts and fluid will be sucked in. This exudation or movement of liquid, by increase of temperature, can only occur in the winter and early spring betöre tne leaves nnioia ana transpiration begins, because it is then only that air and liquid exist together iu the cavities of the wood cell. The new varieties of the clematies a among the most beautiful of our hardv plants. They are naturally climbing plants but the summer-nower varieties may be treated as herbaceous plants, allowing them to cover the surface ol the ground and peg ging down the shoot?. Therw aro two dis tinct classes one flowering on the old wood which must not be cut down, and the other producing its tlowers on the summer growth and cutting them down rather strengthens and increases their vigor, inducing them to throw np stroneer shoots and larger blos soms. They are now classified by llorists as spring or summer blooming. In England the winter fattening of cattle is principally in the arable districts, where the straw and roots require conversion into manure. A liberal allowance of oil cake or meal is generally given, with roots or chopped straw or clover. Excepting for the value of the manure male by these well tied animal, this winter, fattening is rarely profitable, the cost of food, bedding and at tendance being heavy. The manure thus made under cover by animals freely con suming oil cake is of great value to the farm The immense imports of American lat cattle end dressed beef have lessened market vaiues of meat, and seriously reduced . the profits of British graziers.

L0XUEYITY AS 1 SCIENCE.

A XoTel avnd St&rtlins; Tboory Adranced on the Subject Infallible Indications of In herited Lone Ulfe. .' (Philadelphia ltem.l "Old Longevity" is a familiar figure around the city. Whetherin refoim club? where he may be heard discussing social, political or scientific questions, or at temperance meetings, his appearance is a certain notification is related, however remotely with the subject under discussion. "Are there any indications of longevity that can be relied upon?" he was asked by an Item reporter. ''Certainly. All Irving things have a natural inherited life,.wblch may not be ex- i tended beyond the time to which it is limited, but which rury be shortened by inproper treatment." "lias not vocation somethics to do With lerigth of life?" 'lt apparently has, but more apparently than really. 'Oftentimes vocations ha been thought to b especially favorable to long life, when, m fact, it naturally sbortited people should undertake to folxw hem they wouLa be found verv Preiudic'ai. Farmers, for instance bare been found ta be a very long-lived people,, according to be report of the Massachusetts-Board of Heiub, but a person must be naturally long livad to be a successful farmer.. If there are weak boys in the family the ciither almost always, out of klnd-hoartdness, will, say: James or Johnny ought not to be kat to work on the iarni;. 3C Iß TOO, DELICATE, he must be put as a cleric in a store o a stu dent with adoctor:" or, perhaps, st:ly for the ministry;. so that VuMe who are rxi longlived do not usually basonie farmers Tailors and shoemakers are usual ly thought to be short-li?ed : yet in sone towns, where nearly all loa population n&ve been sboemaktra,. as great length of lifo bas been found in, towns wh nearly all the popula tion are farmers. Aaote who are aot strong and vigwous,. however, frequeutl-t enter upthe person is protected from tba- weather. and tli trade gets the credit of th leugth of lie of ae person who seek it. ihis or that vocation can uot be said to be im or short lived so much as that long or iliort lived people naturally seek that trad. The labors of J udges are severe, yet they we among the most long lived people in the community, as I found before the War, w?n I had an opportunity of examining tie inheritance of every J utlg of the l- niteo Mates Courts, and found in each instance they came from 1 IT 1 . L .1 ' T - . I'Mig-uvcu suicesiry on uui biues oi tne house. So, also, when I inouind into, the ancestry of three Selectmen in each oi 111 towns in Maine, Massachusetts and Connec ticut, I found invariably that they were long-lived on both sides of the house." "it is said that a new gc-neration of news paper men arises every ea-ven years. Does their vocation affect their longevity' I have had my mind uiou the fact that the business of a reporter would not tend to longevity; though the accidents of the busi ness connected therewith have more to do with short life than THE BUSINESS ITSELF. The tobacco which they smoke and the been which they drink, do more to shorten life than their labors, l es, in this city and New York, editors have shown a higher than the average length of life. Bryant, though tireless worker, lived to an advanced age. and Mr. Greeley would have done so also had his system not been reached by malarial disease contracted in the South." "Can the indications of this longevity or brevity of life be discerned?" " ery readily. The indications are dependent upon form, size, color and surface. which can reidily be discerned by the prac ticed eye." hat are the indications of a short life?" "Thev are where the indications of long life are wanting. If, for instance, you find a person with a heaa narrow tnrough from side to side not exceeding five and a half inches you may be certain that his father's ancestry, with rare exceptions, have not reached the age of 80 or W years, and that he has not inherited the exceütional long e. If you lind a person who from the bridge of the nose to the orifice of the ear measures not more than four or four and a half inches, you may be sure he has not inherited great length of life from his mother's side. If a person is narrow through the head from side to side, and the distance is small from the bridge of the nose to the ori fice of the ear, you may rest assured of his brevity of life, which NO PRECAUTIONS CAN PRETEXT. "The alvantage of understanding such in dications is where long and short life a; 3 in herited in the same person. For example, if a person has inherited say two-thirds of .. . . . 1 3 1 his nein irom a long-nvea ancestor, ana one-third from a short-lived ances-tor, the time must come for the death of the shortlived part of the lung before the long-lived part, ana in me wresue ior nie tne onlived part mav prove the victor if the "man has nut takeu care of himself, when, if proper care had been taken at that time, be would get rid of the short-liv-ed partjof the lung and the long-lived purts would live on as if he had never been troubled with any short-lived part-. So with oOior O'giuiS. Ill fact, there may be a beries ot iiort life tris iu the same oran. 3' that a nur. ruiht iuive freq.'.i'nt attacks of disease that orran and yet live t- a very greac se." "Are nit long-lived men, eqnallv liabie-to die from accident ns any one ehe'.' "Xo. l.ecati e the same characteristics "which produce longevity will matte a man decreet aid cauti us. uturahv, longlived persons are beldom intemperate. They may drink some, but are rarely found to be intoxicated. If they cross a street they look both ways to see whether the crossing is clear. Ä naturally long-lived man looks neither way. If a man has a potentiality of ninety years he will live to nearly that age, though he may do many things which to short-lived men would be suicidal." "Has diet any effect on longevity?" 'Not particularly, so long as it be reasonably good. If unwholesome it would, of course, tend to shorten life. Diet rather affects the vitality of a man his doing or performing any kind of work. If a man's vocation calls for great activity of the brain he should choose thafkind of" food adapted to renew the brain, such as oatmeal, eg;s, fish and tripe; if physical exertion is required he should have MCaCLE-MAXlNO FOOD. "A man may be paralyzed in a part of his body affecting, his vitality, and yet, on account of his longevity, live to an age that to persons generally appears to be very inconsistent with the aruall amount of vitality be exhibits. I have known a man to live twenty years after he was entirely ihcap-ible of thought." "Can you indicate some prominent families which are long lived?" "Yes; Cyrus W. Field's family are ail longlived. Ninety and 100 years are not unknown to them, and his longevity will doubtless enable birn. to reach that age. The family of Morse, of telegraph celebrity, are long-lived. The Vanderbilt fanii! are naturally long-lived. All these have the sa.ue charactemtic. The central lower parts of the brain are large. The reason that thee parts are essential to longevity ia that the nerve-centers there control the vital organs such as the lung?, heart, stomach, etc. You will also find long-lived people bimilar in other parts of the body. They will have short fingers, a high instep, a long upper lip and a large lobe to the ear; and you will find that Peter Cooper, or any other man who has lived to a great age, possesses, in a high degree, all these characteristics of long life which I have named. Jews, as a rule, HAVE SHORT LEGS and long bodies, and though their longevity does not enable them to reach a very great age, yet more oi them on the average reach the ages of sixty and seventy than the Gen tiles. The Germans in this country do not. as a rule, appear to have as much longevity as those who remain at borne. I have never

met one who had reached the age of ninety,

though I have een many Irish attain that age." "Have you ever bad occasion to. investigate the number of the centenarians in this country?'' "Yes, there are some; but their number is few. More are to be found in the State of New Hampshire and in the bade part of South Carolina than anywhere else. Of many cases 1 have investigated I have never seen more than half a dozen persona over 100 years of age. and not a single one over 103. For years I offered a standing reward of $000 for the proof of any person reaching 105 years, and $,000 for proof of any one being no years old; but the proof was never lorthcoming." "What is the average life of our people?" "The a vera v is of no account If you take a man who is naturally to live to be ninety years old, and a man- who can not Jiva to be mor than- thirty, you have 120 between them, or an average of sixty years, which is not the slightest consolation to the thirty years' raan." Cliivgliij; to nn Old, TowOi ' IKate Iborn in New York. NTtekly.l There is no subject ou which we all display so in tub. imbecility as we do on the toothache. Everybody knows what the toothache is, and that than is no anguish, which begins to compare with it when it gels well settled, in the roots cf an old iaw tooth, and stirs up to active sympathy all .its neighbors on that. side of ths street, . If a can can have the toothache night and day for a week, and not say something cross to his wife, aiA not snub the children and be respectful in his demeano? toward the cat's teil, and the hall door, and the hassocks aad .ottomans which lie in his pathway, he is a Christian, no raatter whether his name ion the Church boks or net. Toothache makes ycu feel out of sort all over. You want to t let alone. You don't want people to tell y wi how they had it, because you know thai ticy never began to have it as you have sot it. You don't want to see anybody wiih subscription papers. You haye no welcoia for chromo peddlers. Ifi tha li(7htnincr ff i I wan I,a 1.1 V.A

" --r---"-r - wi. sin-uiii ftlA, lie would wish he had gone by. If your motherin4aw should cori to htop h couple ot monies, on ner way to " sister sally s. she would have more eau-e than ever o lament that Nellie marnd such a brute as &he always knew j ou vre. But in spite oi the fact that toothache is awful, who is ready to exchange ita tortures for ease bought by the apprication of the dentist's force;? You will suJser, and lie awake nights, and keep everybody in the hottse awake, and poultice, and foment, and hold hot things in your mouth, and endure the stench of ether creosote, an j tell pour friends that you hope to save that tooth and have it filled ! Whea you know, and everybody knows, that it is only because you dread getting into that high-backed, stiff-kneed chair of Dr. Molar's, and seeing the smiling Doctor mount the stool behiud you, are flourishing the glittering steel of deliverance before your eyes. You know that the final wrench will occupy hut a second of time; you dread that second with an insane dread, and men who can walk boldly into battle will grow weak in the knees when they mount the fateful stairs which lead to a dentist's office. Sometimes we are led" to wonder what teeth are put into our L::ad3 for. Physiology says "teeth are the instruments with which we masticate our fcod." but we don't masticate maDy years without gJtting a "new set," which nature never had anything to do with. And the person who has cot a well fitting "set," and got used to running it, is to be congratulated. The fashion in teetn has changed so much; since the times of our grandmothers that it is not quite the thing to be thirty-five and keep your own teeth in your own head. It is a 'little behind the times. We remember once to have heard of a man who broke his engagement with a young lady because she had false teeth. Now, if that man had ever had an experience with a wife subject to the toothache, and trouble with neuralgia and had to get up cold nights and trot down stairs after the camphor, and the Jamaica ginger, and a hot rlat-iron, and then lie awake t-j see whether they did good, and then trot down again to make a catnip poultice, and go to the next neighbor's to borrow vinegar, he would have blessed his starj for a wife who could take all her teeth out at once, and put them Im a bowl to soak over night. The ltoss SlitkmaidFrom Coulson Bottom. Helena (Mont.) Herald.) A Yellowstone dairy hand struck on his employer and quit work on the difference of $10 a month wages. Yesterday he rolled in through the bottomless mud on the west ward-coming coach, and to-dav was looking about town and inquiring the nearest cut to the rnckly rear milk ranch. "I'm the bo.-s -milkmaid of Coulson Bot tom, 1 am!" he exclaimed to a crowd gath ered about the foot oi Brondway enjoying an afte April shower sunbatn. "U hat a that 1 bear.' put in a corner listener, whose curiosity was touched by the ratl.tr queer reruaik. "I'm j whnt I fiaim tobe. u bet your cjueezrTV re; ilea me stranger, pu-iing ins muscular paws through what va Uken 1T an t-xerci.-tf ir.oiion; "L kin sirii. more milk out of a cow m Itsa tune than tny 'uddr' man in ihe?e or anv Mhf r a.i. nd cviit , any o: von make tile iui. K.e to say can't." An idler siiuctM.fi that he had milked cows to some titent himself when a young s ter. "Likeiy enough, but you don't 'pear to me to be a man much in practice now. Down at Coulson I handled fifty cows a day which Went eight quarts to the head to the milking, and sold to customers l.aw quarts every night and morning. "Twelve hundred quarts of milk out of fifty cows? That strikes me as about twenty four Quarts tr the cow," remarked one of the crowd. - "O.I'm no liar," retorted the stranger: "milk from the cow and milk from the can ain't always the same article, if you hear me talk. Down along the railroad grade it's one Part of one thing and two parts of an other, and the boss and the bcandenavs and the Yellowstone River all know it. "That's a pretty thin story, stranger." "Think so. do you? Well, it isn't near as thin as the milk that old reprobate I worked for at Coulson furnished the railroaders. He gets twenty cents for water for every ten cents he gets for milk. And the old fraud wanted me to work for SJU when 1 asked for $40, and I skipped the ranch and am up here for a new engagement. The stranger stepped out toward the val ley, repeating over again his boast of being "the best milkmaid of Coulson Bottom. A Faithful Klphant. There is a beautiful story of an old ele phant encased in battle on the plains of In dia. He was a standard-bearer, and carried on bis huge back the royal ensign, the rallv ing point ot the Boona host. At the beginning of the fisrht he lost his master. The mahout, or driver, had just given him the- word to halt when he rtceived a fatal wound and fell to the ground, where he lay under a heap of slain. The obedient elephant etood still While the battle closed round hira and the standard he carried. He never stirred a foot, refusing either to advance or retire as the conflict became hotter and fiercer, until the Mahrattas, seeing the standard still flying steadily in its place, refused to believe thai they were being beaten, and rallied again and again round the colors. And all this while, amid the din of battle, the patient animal stood, straining its cars to catch the sound of that voice it would never hear anin. At length the tide of conquest left the field deserted. The Mahrattas swept on in Dursuit Of the nyine foe. but the elephant like a rock, stood there, with the dead and dyinr: around, and the ensign waving in its For three davs and nights it remained where its master had given the command to

halt. No bribe nor threat could move it. They then sent to a village 100 miles awav and hmnpht tb

mahout's little son. The noble hero seemed then to remember how his driver had sometimes given his authority to the ttle child, and immediately, with 11 th haltered trappings clinging as be went paced slowlyand quietly away. What a lesson of fidelity is tan?ht ns bv th faith fulness of this dumb creature to his master! 'One is your master, even Christ" Do vou etay where be puts you till his voice calls you away? Anon. Dangerous Widows. Detroit Free Press. Mr. Moore, a Republican member of Congress from Tennessee, gives to the HepuDiican party the words of warning once made immortal by the elder Weller, "Bevare of vidders." Ihev are sapmn? the foundations of the glorious old party and threaten it with speedy ruin. Unless the party arouses itself it is lost Like Samson, f It sits in the lar of widows, or rathpr if it lets the widows ait in its lap, its strength and virtue will vanish, and it will fall into th hands of the Philistines. It must a walte, arise,, let the widows fall out of its lap, or be forever fallen itsely. Mrs. V ilcox, who is taken as the text of this eloquent bet nngallant appeal to his party, is a widow. She enjoys the rare dis tinction of having been born in the White House, her grandfather. Andrew Jackäon Donelson, having been at the time the Private Secretary and adopted son of the Presidentwhose name ke bore. She was appointed oy uenerai urant to a clerkshl p in the Treasury Department. Her conduct in the office has been scandalous and outrageous. She ias done her work faithfully, and credita bly, but this doe not compensate for, nor excuse, the offenses of which she is guilty. She is nöt a Republican, and sym pathizes with the Democratic party. She has even dared to talk of the time when the Democrats come into power. This her comrades can not abide, as it unsettles in their minds the foundation of things, and makes them distrust the goodness of Providence and the stability of the universe. 'This was more," says Moore, than "Judge louk and V' could stand, and Judge Ilouk knew the widow of a Union sol dier "who was in every respect eouallv worth," and "Judge Ilouk and I" agreed that she "should have a place in preference to a Democratic sympathizer." "I do not believe." remarked Moore with much solemnity, "in this sentimental appointment to oaice of Democratic widows. Republican widows are appointed for practical reasons. If tne Democrats come into power." Moore adds, "they ought to turn out every Iteoubican office bolder and put Democrats in their places. If they do not do this they are fools.' One swallow, however, does not make a summer, and one widow does not make a fall of the pillars of the Constitution. But Moore knows of another widow in the Memphis Postoffice who has another pier or buttress of the Conctitution. and who. bva pull altogether with Andrew Jackson's ereat grand-daughter, can turn the party an3 the country topsy-turvey. In place of this "be reaved political torpedo at Memphis, Con gressman Moore knows an entirely safe and trustworthy person who ousrht to have her office. His appointment would restore the edifice to plumb and the people to confidence. The fact that this trustworthy person happens to be Moore's brother-in-law has nothing whatever to do with it. The question i3 solely whether or not he sympathizes with the Republican party, if he does, that ends the controversy. To give an office to a Union soldier's widow, who sympathizes with the Democratic party, and afford her thereby means for providing for her chil dren, when. Moore has a brother-in-law that tits the place like an umbrella in an umbrella case, is a "sentimental" bit of politics which profoundly disgusts Moore. He is "practical ' politician who believes. ke Flanigan, that parties exist for the offices and the Republicans as well as Democrats are "fools" if they do not act on that principle. So long as widows are in office and Congressmen's brother-in-laws are out our political institutions are in danger. Moore's superiority over other Congressmen is his frankness. Most of them believe as he does about it but are more hypocritical, and instead of proclaiming it from the hou:e tops hide it under specious phrases. The Anti-Monopoly Issue. l'ew York Star, May 24.1 In response to a request from the mem bers of the District Committee of the Eleventh Assembly District Hon. John Kelly delivered an address at their headquarters last evening on the Anti-Monopoly ques tion, ine nail was tastefully decorated with bunting, and was taxed to its utmost to accommodate the crowds who sought admission. In opening his address. Mr. Kelly said : "I have come to-night to say a few words on the question of Anti-Monopoly, which is ot vital interest to the people to-day. There is at present pending in the Legislature a bill for the appointment of a Railroad Commission, through which business men say they will be enabled to receive justice at the hands of the Railroad Compa nies. This bill, as originally introduced, gave tne power to the Uovernor of this State to appoint a Railroad Commission without regard to political affiliations. An amendment offered by Major Haggerty pro vides mac ine uovernor- snouid appoint a Commisaon of one from each political party and one from the business men of the State, so by that means the business men and peo ple oi tne öiaie mignt succeed in obtaining from these railroad corporations that justice which was due them. We have no objection to railroads or other corporations so long as they deal fairly with the people, whose duty it is, however, to keep a close eye on the conduct of their representatives in the Legislature, and see that their inter ests are properly protected by them." Mr. Kelly then traced the history of the railroad system from its inception till the present day. lie characterized it as grasp ing and tyrannical, which arose from its de sire to accumulate wealth at the expense of the people, and particularly the poorer and laboring classes. '.'First a man gets one million; then be wants two, and so on until he gets a hundred million every dollar of which he grinds out of the labor of the peo ple and no way else. There is a dead-lock in the State Legislature on this very Railroad Commission, and there is nobody who will not readilv cor.clude thrt it will be the means of stopping the appointment of this Commission; at least 1 think it looks that wav." The speaker then analyzed the monopolies in kerosene, coal iron, sugar, telegraphs and even medicines and the present banking sys tern, all of which he condemned roundly. and showed by statistics the fabulous amounts of money taken from the people year after year under the unrelenting hand of capitalists and monopolists. Returning to the railroad monopoly question, he saia "Look at the Central Railroad. In 1S00 the Harlem Railroad was not paying any divi dend: but after -the death of Dean Rich mond the elder Vanderbilt secured control of the Central, and immediately succeeded in forming a combination. At one jump he increased the capital to $47,000,000. This matter was investigated, and the Treasurer of that road swore, under oath, that during the year 18G7 the sum Of $200,000 was ex pended in the Legislature, which was, I take it very cheap after all, seeing that the Harlem stock, which was once at ten cents, cer tainly not more than twenty-hve cents, wil on 'Change to-day bring $200 a share, while the Central is paying from 8 to 10 per cent But these railroads are owing Eorxtebödy today $5,000,000.000; the money is awing either here or abroad, and somebody in the end will suffer." A foldiers' reunion will bo held at Attica on September 19 and 20, 18.42, which will be attended by the following Indiana Regiments: Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, Twentieth, Thirtv-third Fortieth, Sixtieth Sixty-third, Seventy-

second, Eighty-sixth, One Hundred and Sixteenth, One Hundred and Fiftieth, One) Hundred and Fifty-fourth, and Eleventh Cavarly and Eighteenth Battery. The Arrangement Committee consists of one member from each of the regiments above named. loom yatl bility of Temper. f New York Hertld.J A short time ago a married couple in Illinois, who had lived together forty years and given the world a baker's dozen of children, disagreed so seriously that the wife sued for a divorce on the ground of incompatibility of temper. A. rare coincidence of professional decency caused counsel on both sides to agree upon an endeavor to reconcile the couple, and the Judge promised to assist So when the case was called each client declared the willingness of his client to do whatever was honorable and proper, the Judge followed with a manly address, and suddenly the husband and wife arose, shook hands and departed-together and for home. Thousands of divorces might be prevented in the same manner, for in conjugal life incompatibility of temper is merely a leeal term for indefensible selfishness, and a mere instant of fair feeling will compel it to appear in its true character. A Silver Lamp 300 Years Old. 1H Paso Times.1 While engaged in improving the ground around the old Catholic Church in Ysleta some parties dug out of the ground a large silver lamp. Investigation and research, proved that it had been brought over to this country from Spain about 1543 by Cordovan, the well-known prospector and settler. The lamp is of the very finest silver and very heavy and valuable. It was sent to Santa Fe, X. Mex., where it was cleaned and burnished and returned to the Church, an objeet of curiosity as well as a valuable relic and ornament This Church was constructed in the year 1(30, under the ausuices of the Franciscan friars.

Old Maggie Dee had fully her own share of Scottish prudence and economy. One bonnet had served her turn for upward of a dozen years, and some ladies who lived in her neighborhood, in offering to make and present her with a new one, asked whether she would prefer t ilk or straw as material. "Well, my leddies," said Maggie, after careful deliberation, "since you insist on gi'en me a bannet. I think I'll take a strae one; it will maybe be a mouthfu' to the coo when I'm through wi't" flls Last Dose, said a sufferer from kidney troubles, when asked to try Kidney-Wort "I'll try it. but it will be my last dose." The man got well and is now recommending the remedy to all. When derangement of the stomach acta upon the kidneys and liver, bringing disease and pain, Kidney-Wort is the true remedy. it removes tne cause and cures the disease. Liquid (very concentrated) or dry act equal ly efficiently. Am. Cultivator. TUTEfii CELEBRATED The feeble and emaciated, eufferlne from dvspeptfa or indigestion in any form, are advised, tor the sake of their own bodily and mental comfort, te try hostetter's Stomach hitters. Ladief of the most delicate constitution testify to it harmless and its restorative properties. Physicians everywhere, disgusted with the adulterated liquors of commerce, prescribe it as the safest and mot reliable of stomachics. . For sale by all druggists and dealers generally. IS A SURE CURE for all KWney Complaints and for all diseases of the LIVER. Xthaaspeelflo action oa thia moat Important organ, enabling it to throw off torpidity and Inaction, stimulating the healthy aocielionof the Büa, and by keeping the bowels la tree condition, eSBetine its regular discharg. If you are r1f"". dyspeptic, constipated, or Buffering" from aai.-j-ia, Xidney-Wort la the remedy you need. FAIL NOT TO TRY IT. PRICE $1. SOLD BY DRUCCISTS. FOR THE PERMANENT CURE OF CONSTIPATION. K3 other disease ii to prevalent la till country aa Constipatioa. and no remedy has aver aqnalled Xhm celebrated Kidney-Wort aa a aura. Whatever the eauae, however obstinate the äse, proper tue of this remedy will overcome it. - Dil ITC THIS ilTaluiaelin eora- - plaint ia Tery apt to be oomplieatcdwithoonstipsüoa. Kidney-Wort strengthens the weakened parts and quickly omea all kinds or Piles even whan phyaieiaaa ana meajcuua nave nezora laiiea. tTTTyou have either ot these trouble 3 USET PRICE S Druggists Sell siALL1 is Recommended by Physicians! SIOO REWARD IailsiqcosI 1 We manufacture and sell HwHha positive guarantee that It will cure any case,nt wwi11 forl"eii tbe tboT0 amount it h tails ine single Instance. It is unliW auy other Catanh remedy, OS it is taken Mternally. acting upon thA blood, if you are troubW wit a this Accarr o imitatio ok scbstitctk. II ne has not got it, send to us and we will forward. Immediately. Price, 75 cents per bottle. F. ). CHENEY & CO.. Toledo; Ohio. XT. X. BßOVö'3 ff mm mtm 4 M O JAiliUUA U-nUI.&, IS PURE, STRONG AND REUAELE. W. K. eWOWN. Prop.. P'jr'lwgc. Vt

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