Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 30, Number 9, Indianapolis, Marion County, 5 April 1882 — Page 7
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THE INDIANA STATiJ SENTINEL WEDNESDAY A?PJL 5. 18SÜ
1
f i v I i
OUR FA115IERS' BUDGET,
3Iore
rroilk in TouUry TYell
Thea Anjtliinj Else.
Man
aged
Fodder and Ensilage The Comparative Value of Ashes Early Cucumbers.
The First Thine to do Now "Wild and Cultivated Greens Farm and ATorkmauhlp .Note.
Poultry In targe Flecks. For a given amount of capital invested there is more profit in poultry when rightly managed than in anything else on the farm. It is well-known, however, that small flocks pay a greater proportional return than larger ones. This is partly because small flocks receive more care and attention, and partly because fowls will not thrive when kept together in large numbers. In venturing into the poultry business beginners should understand that if it is intended to keep the fowls in larga flocks, even when well attended, bountifully fed and the full range of the farm given, success can not be assured. This experiment has been tried over and over again, and to-day there is but one farm in the United States devote 1 to poultry in large numbers, and that one is conducted on a different plan from that to which farmers are accustomed.
Pnnl trv ra!sln? should be encourasred It
A W J ij w can be so managed as to give light employ
Ttient to females and children, and within
the reach of those with limited means
Long before the Americans discovered that
there was a great secret in poultry raising
the French put in operation a method that
enables them to ship eggs to England, Germany and Austria, as well as to supply a large demand at home. It is often remarked
that the French are the most successful -noulterers in the world, but we can do all
they caa do in the matter, and more, too,
for they have no home raised Indian corn to
Hvristthem. Thev divide their fowls into
flocks of not more than one dozen. Eich flock has a small fowl house, 10x10 feet, and
a yard of about 100 feet divided in the middle. The houses stand separately in the center of the yards, -which are
thirtv feet wide. Each house
thus has a 50x30 feet yard in
front, and the same in the rear. An acre of ground will allow fourteen of these houses and yards. The fourteen yards, with one
dozen fowls each, will accommodate 103 fowls. This is a large number for an acre of grour.d, but they are kept healthy by changing them frequently from one vacant yard to another. The partition fences are built very cheaply, sometimes of wire, and
again of lath. To make this system plainer
to the reader, it should be known .that two
flocks of fowls are never in adjoining yards,
as ierfect seclusion from other flocks must
be enioved bv each of the small Hocks
Thus, while one flock is running in the yard
at the front of its house, the adjoining yard
on the left and rieht is empty, as the next
lot of fowls will be running in the rear of their quarters: or, to illustrate by means of a checker-board, the dark spaces represent
ing the occupied yards and the white spaces
the vacant ones.
As soon as the fowls are placed in one of
the yards', the front one. for instanbe,) the
rear one is spaded up and seeded to crass
oats, rve, quick-growing vegetables having
eoodllare top-, or anything else that will
afford plenty of good food. When a fair
erowth has been secured the fowls are turned
. into the rear yard, and the front one is in
turn spaded up and seeded down. The frequent spading of the ground not only keeps the yards fresh an l clean, but their fertility
is greatly increased by the rich droppings of
the fowls.
There is another important matter con
nccted with the French system of poultry
-raisins they are particular in regard to
breeds. Unlike the American farmer, any
and every sort of fowl will not do for them
They are partial to the non-setters, anfl be-
Ueve eggi to be more profitable than chicks,
il though some of them are beginning to
alter their opinions in this respect. Tney
have demonstrated one fact in poultry rail
ing, which has been verified by Englishmen
and Americans, and that is an acre of
cround will support nearly 200 hens. With
a margin of $1 profit oh each hen, which is not by any means a larire estimate, the
Teader can calculate for himself the ad
vantage of this kind of poultry raising.
But to do as the French do there must be
some person willing to give all his time to
the care of the hens. It will not do to attend
to the horses, cows and pigs and give an oc
casional look at tue poultry. Some Partien
lar person must have the care of them, to see that they are fed regularly; that plenty of fresh, clean water is kept within their
reach all the time; that ground or broken
oyster shells, gravel, a little box of sulphur, charcoal and bones or scraps of meat is riven liberally. Perfect cleanliness and
ventilation are always to be looked out for.
In winter there must be no cracks in the
houses to admit the wind. There is a de
mand always for eggs and poultry, and
there is no danger of overstocking the mar
ket.
aten without waste. During the second period the cows seemed to be unable to eat all the harder pieces of ensilage, but the waste was trilling. The exj.eriT.ent seemed to thow that dried fodder corn, when cut and crushed, is eaten quite as readily and with as little waste as enilage. The cows were milked twice daily, the milk weighed and a record kept. Tne average yield for pach cow was 1,377 pounds for the lixty days. The average yield for the first twenty days, when all of thein were fed on dried fodder corn, was AM pounds (fractions omitted), and the average yield during the sec
ond period of twenty days for the two cows fed on fodder crn was ö"ö jKunds, and for those fed on ensilage 370 pounds. For the next period (third), when all of them were
fed on nsilage, tue average was 4-u pounas.
The tot, yield of milk for the hrst period was 1,8-vJ pounds; of the first two tows fed
u fodder corn during second period, l.lo'J
pounds; of the second two, fed entirely on ensilage, 741, and of the whole, fed cn ensilage during the third period, 1,765 pounds.
Passing over the chemical analysis ot tne
milk, we trive the summary of the facts
shown in the above experiment, as stafed by
the Director, winch are: (1) Taht when the green corn was dried in stacks the loss of
food W88 leys than it was wuen packed in a
silo. (2) That dried corn-fodder, when cut
and crushed, is eaten as readily arid with as
little waste as ensilage. (JJ in itree caes the vield of milk was not increased when
ensilage was substituted tor dried corrt, but
in one case ensilage caused an increase or
eierhtv-seven pounds ot milk in forty days. ... . J Ml. ., K . ,. j f J
(4) iniJtnllII:UlUliU' lue mwvuna nn fodder corn, en&ila.ta caused no increase
in the yield of the total solid matter of the milk, while in the milk of the second pair
it caused a gain of eight and a hail pounds,
or i percent.
Reasoning from the above experiment
the superior value of en-ilage as a substi
tute for fodder corn, well cut, crushed and suitably prepared, is not fully established.
While ensilage will nua many aavocaies,
and deservtdlv so, it is pleasant to notice the fulfillment of Dye theory advanced in
this column a few months ago which was that the value of corn fodder was under es
timated, and that few farmers properly pre
pared it for feeding to stock. The method
oi preparation tuen gntu u ucuumi im
the course practised ai ij iiew jeutv iapcriment Station in arriving at a knowledge
nf it merits as compared with ensilage.
The principal point to be noticed In preserving fodder in a silo is that all that goes
into it IS cut into very feiioit ieotusana made at fine as possible. ' If the movement
in favor of ensilage leads our formers to nronerlv prepare feed it wilt be a benefit
, . i "PÄ iknnA n Ii "V V A 1'A nn
from that laCl aiOIie. iu lauau nuu uac u
silos it is a train recommended to cut and
crush foddercern as an important article of
food. The system of feedui;; from the stack
or rack is wasteful.
Green and Dried Fodier vs. Ensilage.
A series of experiments was begun at the College Farm ot the New Jersey Experiment
Station, on the 1st ot September, 18;l, under
the direction of Mr. George II. Cook, to de
termine the relative value of green fodder
corn, dried fodder corn and ensilage. Ex
periment having demonstrated that 400 I pounds of green corn yielded 100 pounds of dry matter, containing 6 32 pounds of ash, a comparison was made between it and the j weight of dry matter In tie ensilage and field-cured stalks. While 100 pounds of the dry matter of green corn yielded C.3J pounds of ash, S2 pounds of the dry matter of the ensilage and 82 of the field-cured stalks gave the same result. During the process of field curing, therefore, 400 pounds of green corn lost l)i pounds of what, under circumstances, would make dry matter, while 400 pounds of green corn packed in a silo lost 15 pounds of the same. Neither the field-cured corn nor the ensilage Buffered a loss of proteine, fat or fiber, but, the loss fell upon the class carbohydrate eugar, starch, etc., which include! the least valuable ingredients of fodders. It is admitted that quite as much of the dryablo matter of green corn was preserved, by that xperiment, by field curing as by packing in a silo, and the feeding qualities were not considered. Four cows were selected, and for sixty days treated alike in ail respects. The first twenty days they were fed on twenty pounds of dried corn fodder, three pounds of wheat bran and thirty pounds of brewers' grains, containing of total digestible food, 0.00 pound fat, 2.57 pounds prouine and 11.4(1 carbohydrates., This quantity was a ration made up for each 1,000 pounds of live weight. The next twenty-two days the daily ration for two of the cows was the same as dnring the fir3t period, but the other two were fed ensilage instead of dried fodder corn. For each 1,000 pounds of live weicht this second ration was fifty pounds ensilage, three pounds wieat bran and
thirty pounds brewers' grains, containing O.'JO pound fat. 2.62 pounds proteine and
11.72 pounds carbohydrates. The ensilage
ration was then fed to all the cows during
the next twenty days. The dried fodder corn was well cut and
prepared, and, after the first day or two, was
The Comparative Value of Ashes
As every farmer has at times a supply of
ashes on hand, it is proper that a comparison
should be made of the dillerent kinds in
order to arrive at a correct knowledge of
their true value. All ashes are not of the
same kind, nor are they alike in fertilizing
properties. That which we seek to derive
from ashes is potash, but they contain also a large proportion of lime and some magne
sia, soda and even phosphoric acid, it we
will examine a given quantity, say l.uuo pounds, and compare the ordinary hard
wood ashes with son wuoa ashes, we win
find that the former contains about 100
pounds of actual potash, 25 pounds of
Kla, 3'R) pounds ot lime, oo pounds ot mae
nesia and bo pounds or. pnospnonc acia,
while the soft wood ashes contain GO
pounds of potash, 20 pounds of soda,
350 tiounds or lime, U'J pounds of ma
nesia and 43 pounds of phosphoric acid.
Here we notice that while it requires a
greater quantity of soft (pine) wood to make
1,000 pounds oi ashes than ot nam (oak) wood the soft wood ashes are but little in
ferior to the other inpotash and are richer
in lime. It is shown that ashes are not de
ficient in phosphoric acid, and that they
only lack ammonia to be a very efficient fer
tilizer. Indeed, one kind (wil ow), would be a complete fertilizer in itelf. with the
addition of ammonia, as 1.000 pounds of them contain over 150 pounds
of phosphoric acid and 114 pounds
of potash and nearly C00 pounds of lime
Coal ashe3 show a poor record, the soft coal
ashes containing only five pounds of potash
to the thousand and two pounds of phos
phoric acid, a email quantity indeed; but
hard coal ashes contain even less one
pound of potash and one pound of phos
phoric acid being its proportion. Lime is
not present in either. The substances from
which ashes are derived all contain more or
less ammonia, but fire liberates it, and it
passes away during combustion, as also does
carbon, toal ames being so dehcrent in
potash and phosphoric acid explains why
they are almost worthless as a fertilizer.
They contain magnesia to the extent of per cent, or thirty pounds to the 1,000.
Some woods furnish ashes exceedingly
rich in potash, so much superior aa to make
them too caustic for application in excess
but such woods are not plentiful. Basswood, for instance, contains over 350 pounds of
potah in every 1,000, and elm 200. Apple-
wood ashes are rich in lime, and contain 120
pounds of potash. lAax ashes contain a
large proportion of soda, the quantity being
130 pound3. Ueech ashes contain 100 pounds
of potash and 63 pounds or phosphoric acid. Tan-bark ashes contain 55 pounds potash,
2&S pounds lime and 25 pounds phespher e
acid, reat ashes are very inferior, contain
ing only 15 pounds of potash. 10 pounds of
lime and C pounds of pno?phor.c acid.
There are several lessons to be learned
from the above. First we have a knowledge of the value of the particular kind of ashes
we wish to use, and can exercise judgment
in basing an estimate on the results desired Again.it assists us in arriving at a know!
edge of what is required by certain plants
or trees that demand the application of fer
tilizers, as here we see the slow-growing, hard-grained woods require more potash
than the softer kinds for lust as they yield
to us in ashes so will they demand while
growing. We know that the apple, the elm,
the beech and the birch desire both potash
and lime, while the willow is a tree that de
mands from the soil all it can get of every
thing. There are two substances in the
composition of ashes that are rarely applied
to soils by farmers, and yet they are required
by all plants in certain proportion, ihey
are soda and magnesia, lhe former is pres
ent in common full, and where lands have
been found deficient in soda common salt is used to make up the deficiency, it is not
as good for the purpose, however, as eul
phate or nitrate of soda, as the ?oda in the
salt holds very tenaciously to chloriwe, with
which it is combined. Magnesia Is cheap and can be purchased in lhe shade of crude
sulphate of magr.eaia ( Linuni Milts).
We must not uuiii i. ach cd ashes. In spite of all the Boapmakers can do the leached ashes retain valuable properties, but not as
valuable as those of the unleached. They
contain 25 pounds of jiotash to every 1,000
(dry), lo pourdsof soda, 21.) pounds of lime,
15 iounds of magnesia, aud G5 pounds of phosphoric acid. Though the percentage of potash is only 2Js, the percentage of phosphoric acid is over C, which demonstrates that we must alao hesitate before calcula
tion tor fear we may include substances that
are but partially soluble, ihus, should lime be present as sulphate (plaster) it is slightly soluble, but as a carbonate insoluble. All
potash compounds are soluble. I'hosphates are slowly soluble. How important then is it to us to care for and save all the ashes, for not only wood is consumed on a farm, but corn-cobs (very rick in potash) and many
other substances not regarded at the time
they are used in the stove.
It should be noticed here that the above is not wholly reliable as to the exact quantity of potash, lime, etc., for it is not an easy matter to state what constitutes hard .wood
ashes. The oak is hard, but different from the hickory. The iine is soft, but unlike the cotton-wood. Leached ashes, also, may
be both nara anc sott. iut the hgures are
as near the truth as can be given under
the circumstance?, and it must not be overlooked that 1,000" pounds of ashes are quite a Jarze accumulation, and a great quantity of wood must be consumed to procure thenu The First Thii.g to Io Xow, lAmerican Agriculturist And the very first, if not already attended to, is to secure all the seed, wanted or likely to be wantpd, before midsummer, for the field, or the parden, or tlwwer bed. The plowing, and the harrowing, and the cultivating will be labor lost if there is not enough good sed. If on the average only three vigorous stalks of any crop grow well where four might grow, that is, a loss of 25 per cent, as other work and expenses are the hame for a full crop as for a 75 per cent, one; and this lo?t 25 percent, is where the real profit comes in, because . to 75 per cent, of almost all etops is eaten up by the expenses. If one seed out of four is not healthful enough to send up the most . vigorous piant, it help the 25 per rent. lo-a. If one has all needed seed, let it be immediately tested, as noted elsewhere. If any seed is to be longht, order it now, Jiot oüly to test it in time, as there is much joor seed this year, but especially because seed dealers will soon he overcrowde! with orders, and many will run out of the best quality of perhaps just the seed one may want. If uncertain where to get good seed, turn to the advertising pages, and send at once for the catalogues of one or more dealers. The cards of a large number of the best teed dealers will be found; we admit no one we would not buy
of ourselves. Finally, no one is now living
so remote, that he caa not get pretty goodsized lots of seed by mail, at small expense.
tine cent an ounce pays the carriage 4.000
ailes or more.
Grecm, Wild and Cultivated.
In spring, nearly every one likes what our
forefathers called "pot herbs," and are
classed by us as "jrreens." A large number
of wild p.ants, from dandelion and marsh
marigold (called cowslips, erroneously), to
nettles and pokeweed, are made to do ser
vice in ditlerent parts of the country. hue
several wild plants are very acceptable, none
euual spinach and sdme others, lhe time ex
pended in gathering these scattered plants if devoted to sowing a few rows of spinach,
would give more satisfaction, and the greens
be at hand when wanted. Spinach is hardy,
own brother to the beet; if in fairly rich soil
it may 1 used from the time it is large
enough to thin, up to the showincr of the
howerstalk. sow in rows, like beets, twelve
inches apart; when large enough to be
crowded, thin out a portion for use; repeat
the thinning two or three times, leaving the
last plants tix or eight inches apart, and
these should be used before the seedstalk
begins to run up. The first sowing may be
among the earliest in the parden and awin
every two weeks until the ena of May
Sown later than this it runs to seed too
soon. For midsummer the New Zealand
spinach is an excellent substitute. Do not
sow until the sou is well warmed, in May,
dron the seeds six inches apart in the drill
and when np. thin to a foot apart The
plant spreads and the rows should bo two
feet apart. The excellence of young beets
is mentioned elsewhere. Some persons sow
beet seed expressly to use the youug plants
lor greens.
sned on plows in this country. On harrows
and digger., 1.74o have been granted; on harvesters, C.CJ5, of which about 4(0 are on
self-binders; on threshing machines the
number is 1.022. Yet of this vast number
how few are in common u.e, and how small a percentage of them have ever returned their inventors any profit! '
eeds are continually appearing on our
lawns and causing trouble. .Many disappear after a time. as the constant cutting prevents
feeding and eventually causes their destruction. A few. like the narrow-.'eaved plan
tain, it may be necessary to dp out This
is conveniently done with a narrow instrument, something like a chisel. A pinch of
salt placed on a tenacious weed causes its
death.
The tomato worm, accoramg to tno en
tomologists, is such agreedvfeederth.it it
changes its skin three times to admit further
rapacity forgluttony.and when transformed
into the fully-developed insect every tissue
and fibre of which is corui,oped of tomato
leaf it instinctively distinguishes its favor
ite forage afar off by sense of smell, and the larger the plantation the farther it may be
scented.
Sorrel has running roots, and ran only be
killed by ploughing it ur.der deeply and
growing some other crop that will smother
it. If the ground is too wet to grow crass
and clover it should be drained. As the
ground is probably well seeded with the
sorrel, it will be necessary to persevere lor
some time before it can be wholly cleared of
it. When the ground is well drained
a good application of lime would be use
ful.
Monthly roses; especially the tea-scented.
are beautiful window plant?. They need
rich soil, thorough drainage, frequent washing of foliage with a fine, rase syrinpe, as even a temperature as possible, carefully
guaraing irom draughts or cold air.
ana smoking with tocacco it the green
fly makes its appearance. They should
have the morning sun. but be shaded from the afternoon sun when it has become
powerful.
Late-cut hay, ordinary straw and other
coarse fodders are unquestionably improved
by cooking, as it softens the woody hber and dissolves portions of the starch; and
corn meal and other foods rich in starch
are also improved by cookini. But in con
sidenng the question of economy, although
this will pay on s. large scale, it is not likely
to do so for a few animals, for it costs
nearly as much to cook for ten as tor littv
head of cattle.
The astonishing and rather incredible
Statement that the cost of fences in the
JACIkO.
A Ttaltoim's Jlioji-apliy.
ILieutecaut Colonel Totisel in KnowLjiKe.l
llany years ago, when stationed at an out
post on the Oreat t ish Ilivcr, in the eay.ern frontier of Sjuth Africa, I was presented by the officer I relieved with a young baboon,
wnicn, wnen captured, was so young that it had to be brought up by band. From the first I took a great deal of notice
of it, and it became very much attached to me. It made great progress, and erew nn &
health, strong animal.
Jackospole was always erected close to
my quarter?, and I could watch his proceed
ings from my window unknown to him, and they were always most amusing. It was the custom in barracks for the pioneers to
go round and sweep up the barrack square.
one morning i saw a man, witn a wheel Darrow full of straw and other rubbish, sweepings of the square, put down his barrow near Jacko's pole while he was sweeping in the
luuueuiaie neignoornooa. jacko was seated upon his high perch, apparently taking no notice 'f what was going on. - "Presently I saw the pioneer diap5ear to sweep round a corner. "Jacko was down like lightening, capsized the barrow, and with his long and
powerful arms scattered the contents in
every direction, ana when the pioneer ap
peared, was up on his perch again with wonderful celerity, looking in quite a diflereat direction, with a face of the most ludicrous innocence.
One morning, from my look-ont window.
seeing Jacko come down from his perch very demurely to the ground, and slacken
his chain, and then lie down, as if innocently basking ia the sun. I felt fully aware
that mischief was brewing. Presently I saw
a fat little puppy anneat on the scene, and
Master Jackos sleepy-looking eye fixed
upon it most intently. When the puppy
had st raved within reach. Jacko s chain was
quietly tightened, and with his hind leg he
seized it; and immediately clasping it in his arms, he clambered with it to the top of his
high perch. 1- or a short time the puppy
was nursed and dandled in his arms,
just ' as a woman would nurse a
oaby; then he began a care
ful search for fleas, with which the ioor little thing was tormented. All at once a
bright idea seemed to stnke him for, grasp
ing the puppy by the tail, and holding it out
at arm a length, and looking, with an ex
pression of most innocent deruureness, in
the opposite direction, he quietlv opened
his hand and down fell the poor little ani
mal with a "thud" to the ground. I ran out
to succor the poor little brute, and scolded
Jacko vigorously for his cruelty, which,
however, was perfectly useless, for he in
stantiv assumed a nreoccunied air. and was
United States amount3 to much more than apparently intensely interested in some im the National debt receives some support by acrinarv obiect in the distance.
the statement of the llureau of Statistics of
Indiana that the fences of that State, if ex
tended in a siugle line, would go around the plobe nearly fourteen times. Theirtotal
length exieedi ÜU.OOO.OOO miles, and their
total cost not less than $200,000.000. A
more e.pann'T use of fences would save a
great deal of monev to the farmers without
serious inconvenience. Thii is a subject for serious consideration by rural real estate
owners
of the questions of the day, he would talk across the room, take down a volume to prove his point, read the passage, and return the volume to its place without reruovirg more of the dust than the operation absolutely required. Henry Hunt was once asked, in eross-ex-aniin.itiou, in a lible case against the Morning Chronicle, whether he had ever been in Mr. lllack's room. "Yes," said Hnnt. "And how was 'the editorial sanctum furnishedT splendidly?" asked the counsel. "I can hardly say that it was." "Can you give the Jury some idea of the interior? What do yuu suppose would have been the value ot the furniture?" said the counsel. "I should not think," wastheanswer,"the whole of the furniture, if 6old at an auction, would have fetched more than seven-pencehalfpenny." "Are you serious, sir?" asked the counsel; "remember you are on your oath,sir." "I do remember that," said Hunt "and.remembering it I hope I have not put to extravagant a price upon the furniture." "Then please to explain, sir." replied the counsel. "How do you arrive at the conclusion that the whole of tl8 furniture in the editorial sanctum of the Morning Chronicle is not worth more than sevenpence-halfpenny? Explain how you make that out." "Why," said Hunt, amid the inextinguishable
laughter of the Court, "there wa no furniture at all in the room, extent a table and two chairs; and while the table would not
have fetched sixpence, no one would have
given more than three halfpence, at the ut
most, for the two chairs together. '
iet John Black, with the manners of a
though he did not care sufficiently for his best triend to walk across the street to shake
hands with him, he was ready, at a moment's notice, to unlock his pistol case and tlsht a
duel with the first man who, like Roebuck,
impugned the honor of the fourth estate r its representatives. He was personally the soul of honor, and so proud, personally and
proiessionany, mat aitnougn in constant
communication with her Majesty's Minis
ters, during the administration of the
Whigs, he never asked a single favor of one
of them.
"You are the only man." said Lord Mel
bourne to him on one occasion, when chat
ting with him in his study, "who forgets that I am Prime Minister." "How so, my
lorur' askea uisck, supposing lor the moment that he had inadvertently omitted to
pay proper respect to the rank of his visitor.
W ell," said lxrd Melbourne, "you are the
only man I know who never asks a favor of
me," "I have no favor to ask. my lord." re-
pnea XJiacK. "i nave no lavor to usk of &nv
one in the world. You are Frime Minister of England; but I am editor of the Morning
nronicie, and 1 would not change places
with the proudest man in Kngland not
even, my lord, with you."
a certain degree of moisture, to place few shovelfuls of earth in a box and lace' th 0 nest upon it When nests are made or straw and placed upon the lioor the air circulates
throughout the nest so readily that the egyj become too dry to hatch well.
A stone bridjre to be built across the orper
waters of the Mississippi lliver at Minneapo-
ls, Minn., bids lair to become one of the no
table structures of the world. It will consist
of sixteen r0 feet spans and four 1W) feet
spans, and includingtheshore pieces will have
a total length of l.OO feet it will support two railway tracks at a height of over isixty
feet above the water, and will run diagonai-
r. across the river below St. Anthony's alls. The cost is estimated at nearly $000,-
000.
"A Chicago Times correspondent took a kiffride among the submerged plantations
below Memphis last week. At one place be found a planter walking on stilts around his
yard, which iras several inches under water.
hue the reporter w as talking to the man a
plash attracted the attention of both.
When the reporter saw that the splash had
been caused by :t child falling from a second
story window into the water he became alarmed. "Never mind.'Eaid the father.
quietly, ."that's Jim; but he won't gft drownded; he's got four gourds on." Most of the little ones in the neighborhood had similar rude life-preservers tied to their
persons.
Suffering Women. There is but very small proportion of the
women of this Nation that do not süßer from some of the diseases for which Kidney-Wort
is specihe V hen the oowels have become
costive, headache torments, kidneys out of
fix or piles distress, take a package audits
wonderful tonic and renovating power will cure you and give new life. Watchman.
Early Cucumbers.
Those who have hot-beds or frames can
sow cucumber seed, in these, after the plants are removed, and by covering at night and
in cold days, greatly hasten the plants,
Those who are without these, can forward
the plants very much. Take a piece of good
sod, lay it grass-side down upon aboard and cut it in three or four-inch squares with a sharp spade or an old knife. Sow in the
earth ot each square hall a dozen or more cucumber seeds, and place the board with
the sods, in some warm place, under the
shelter of a building or fence; provide
another board to cover the sods.
Expose during the day and cover
in the afternoon before the dav grows
fool. When the plants appear, of course
the cover must be raised by props of some
kind; brick are handy. V hen the plants
are large enough, and the weather settled,
Elace each square of sod in a well manured ill; make frames of six-inch stuff, twelve
or fifteen inches square, a box without top
or bottom, cover one end with mlllinetor
masquito net tacked on, and place one of
these over each hill. This is the best way to
keep off the striped bug. Should very cold
nights occur, cover the tops of the boxes
with shin2les or any other handy stutt. It
is not so much trouble as may be inferred
from the description, and will greatly advance the cucumbers. Melonsand summer
squashes may be treated in the same man
ner as suggested for cucumbers.
Farm and Workshop Notes.
Hens seldom pay expenses after they are
three years old.
In Sweden, as well as Xrway, rye cakes
are used by all classes as a common aiticle
Of food.
Alabama has over 2,000,000 acres of Gov
ernment land subject to entry under the
homestead and pre-emption laws.
lhe special advantage ot green ruanurin
or the ploughing in of green crops, is in
toe large amount of humus which the soil
acquires.
Corn growing is being encouraged in New
England by money prizes to boys. A Rhode Island youth grew eighteen bushels on one-
eighth of an acre and got a prize ot iw.
Save the soot from chimneys and stove
pipes. A. pint oi soot in a paillul oi water will make a liquid manure of the greatest
value for flowers and plants of all kinds.
Fruit trees, grape vines and bushes should
have no place in a garden, as they draw
nourishment from the soil, while their
branches cast a damaging shade. Garden
vegetables require plenty of soil for their
own use.
In 1S73 France had 032,500 acres in si
beets. It is estimated that the cultivation
of the sugar beet ha: increased fivefold since
1840 and doubled since ISO 2. This culture
was many years in securing a foothold in
France.
The general effect of lime is to render
available the plant food already in the soil.
without itself supplying any significant amount. Liming can nSt, therefore, be
successfully repeated except at considerable
intervals.
ronlar will grow readily and rapidly on
any moist soil, "and perhaps would do well in portions of the West where it is desirable
to grow trees. As it is used largely in paper
manufacture, its production should be
profitable.
A New Jersev:'armer reports that a dress
ing of eight bushels per acre of salt to land badly Infested with white grubs enabled him
to raUe good crops of corn for three years
past, which was impossible previous to this
application.
Many mistakes occur in gardening
tbrout'h planting all kinds of seeds at
nearly the same time withoutregard to their
natural habits or time of maturity. eee
tables, like field crops, should be planted at
ditlerent times.
It is immaterial al what time vegetables
are transplanted, provided they are not too
larce and the ground is warm and mellow:
but they should never be transplanted in a
rain storm, when the ground is puddly. If
transplanted when it is warm and mellow,
root action begins at once.
A good German method to BOtten and re
move hardened putty: Dissolve potash in
water, and add caustic or fresh lime. After a time pour off the clear liquid and bottle
for use. Moistened with this, putty quickly
softens. It should be added that the fresh
lime makes the potash intensely caustic,
and it should be kept from the lingers.
The Inventive genius of this Nation is pro
lific in new discoveries, yet but a small per
centage of the patents issued have any prac
tical value. Professor Brown, Special Census
Agent says that 5,585 patents have been is-
It was perfectly useless to provide him
with any place of refuge or shelter, as his
energies were at ence at work to destroy it,
in which he succeeded uncommonly well;
so at night a sack was suspended from the
top of his pole, into which he nestled him
self with great comfort; and it is a singular
lact, mat at mgnt l could get up to his pole and touch his sack, and he never attempted
to move, but would give me an afTectioyate
prune oi glad welcome, but it any other individual approached within a yard of his
pole, Jacko was out of his nest in an instant,
screaming and preparing for battle.
Lm a cold, wet, rainv msht I used often to
take him a bowl full of hot coffee, and
knowing there was sucar at the bottom of
the bowl, he could not resist the temptation
of plunging his iiand into it to starch for the sugar, although the coffee was so hot that he
was oohged to cry out with the pain.
Had 1 not wituessed what 1 am about to
relate. I could not have believed it I have
stood within thirty vards of his pole with
my bow and arrow, and taking deliberate aim. have launched an arrow at him Jako would undoubtedly catch the arrow in his hand, holding it until
I went and claimed it, when
he always save it up readily. Hut it is most
remarkable that if any other person took the
bow and bred at him, Jacko, ou catching the
arrow, always broke it in pieces. 1 need not
say that on these occasions 1 invariably gave
my worst arrows to mv friends.
He would catch anything that was thrown
at him, thoroughly investigating the nature of the article he bad caught He was very
partial to eggs, whether boiled or raw, and it was most amusing to see him tossing a hot
egg from band to hand, screaming the while,
but never letting it go.
He was fond of his grog, weak wine and
water, which was given to him occasionally
in a bottle, tightly corked, and it was one of
the pet amusements to see him pick out the
cork, bit by bit, with his very strong nail,
But to show how perfectly well he under
stood the use of the cork, when he had
picked away as innch as he could reach with
. MljCELLANKOCS KOTES.
mournins
the
The Aged Typo. (Denver Inter-Ocean.
It is remarkable how the habits of life
cung to a person even during his last mo
ments, lhe boys in the lnter-Occan ofhee
hardly expected to find the old man at his
case wnen tuey came to worK in tne morn
inp, lor when he had gone home tie night
before they had noticed his steps were very
feeble. Fcr over forty years he h:;d held a
case; hrst on a metropolitan daily,
then on a little country weekly, and then on
a religious monthly. His hand was steady as yet, despite hia sixty-odd years, and very
few of his "a s" got into his "r ' box. lhis bright, sunshiny morning he came in and
greeted his fellow-typos with a pleasant
'Good morning. lhe boys noticed his
hand trembled somewhat, and that his voice was husky and uncertain, but they paid no particular attention to these things; the old man had been acting rather strangely
for the last few days, and they
attributed these failings to a gradually
weakening constitution. He stood at his
case for almost an hour throwing in, and
had distributed nearly all his matter, when
of a sudden, and without any previous
warnintr. his composing-stick fell from his
hand to the lloor, and he himself tottered
and would have fallen had not the
boys sprung to his side and sup
ported him to a chair in front of tue
fire. His head dropped forward on
his breast, and his breathing became
more and more rapid. The pressman ran for
i i. i . : L.iJ ; i
a glass oi water, aim returning utiu n vo r:-;r ' ,; "V, ' rp. a rriHt wm feeding near hv
h a no thn n-qtof (nn(-hil hit tinr-hoil I uu uuiJcrj. aim una luuiiu uim;cii uiiauic w i r : . . t
1 . . . . I 4 . .i. i. , ..l i . i. .u I mnlft
TO THE LEGAL PROFESSION.
CONVEYANCER'S MANUAL
LAW OF REAL PROPERTY.
By THOMAS M. CLARK. 8vo., 411 pages; law
sheep. 13. CONSTABLE'S GUIDE
By THOMAS M. CLARE; 200 pages; law sheep
or neiiDie: price, T-L a complete guide for Constable. BELTflASD'S UDIMA IBI3IL1AI LAW, 8vo.. 565 pages: law Gheep, 14 net. Circnlara tor either of above book furnished OX application.
tongue a spasm of pain shot across his face,
and his frame was convulsed witn agony
With an effort that seemed almost 'super
human be dasned tne glass upon tne noor,
and it was splintered into a thousand pieces
This effort seemed to arouse him somewhat.
and he gazed about him with a bewildered
stare.
"Boys," he said; "bovs. are the cases all
full?" "Ilia mind wanders," whispered the foreman, in a low voice, and then said
aloud, as he bent over the old man: "Yes,
Dick, old fellow, evervthin is thrown in
"That's right, that s right," exclaimed the
feeble old man, "there is nothing like hav
ing the galleys and stones all cleared olF"
and he seemed to brighten up considerably.
and made an euorl to stir the Cre with a
warped sidestick, which the boys used as a
poker.
Tve run short on em quads, boys, and
haven t enough to space out this poetry,"
he said, and his faltering fingers went through the motion of traveling over the
case in search of the requisite metal.
'That s all right. Hick, we 11 throw in
some quoins, and that will bring it all
right," said one of the boys in a sympathetic
voice.
"Ah, Charley," said the old man, "that
reminds me of toe old Laseyville Herald
davs, when we used to drop out a dead 'ad
and lock up the planer in the forms to fill
out with, rat times, those," he continued
"tbey will never come back to the old man,"
and he leaned his head on both hand and
swayed to and fro. The boys gathered
atouud him more closely to prevent his fall
ing".
One of the boys, in coming to the old
man s side, stumbled over a chase which
was leaning against the composing stand.
and it fell to the floor with a loud crash
The old man sprang to his feet, and it was all the boys could do to restrain him. "You've pied the form," he shouted, "and it is time
to go to press. What 6hall we do? what
shall we do?"
"bit down, Dick, old fellow; it's nothing but an empty chase," said the foreman, and he gently placed the old gentleman in the
chair.
"You can't deceive me, JIac," and the tears Btood in the veteran's eyes. "The form
is pied, and we ought to have been to press
an hour ago. The folios are all wrong. Mac-
See, here is page 102, backing up page 27,"
and the old man snatched a proof from the revise-hook, and began folding it in a help
less manner.
"It's all wrong, but it is too late," he gasped. "The press waits." Here his head
sank again upon his brtast, and his breathing was thick and fat. "Yes, boys, loct up
the forms and look out look out for loose
spaces."
The boys stood silently around the old
compositor, and the scene was an impressive
one in the extreme. .
"The pages are all proved, everything all right," Be murmured in broken accents. "Now, then, careful, boys; lift off the forms,
and clean off the stones, and before, before
you start up the press, let us let us jeff
for the drinks."
He fell with a heavy thud to the floor.and the foreman, with the aH of the pressman.
lifted him up and laid him tenderly on a
Pile of mail bass under the cutter, and one
bv one the bovs returned to their cases and
left himtojober up.
get at the contents, he would take up the
bottle and crack the neck oil against his
pole.
1 ogive one instance oi Jackosdeept cun
ning, my company wa on the line of march
to an outpost. My wife and 1 were riding a
few hundred yard-i in rear of the men.Jacko,
as usual, Joobe and lollowing up like a dog.
e observed a rmgoe sitting on an ant
henpabnit tJ.irtv vards from the roadside.
wil h In- v.-iTe sraiiiipg within a few feet of
hiru.JiuI iiij ia her hands a line cob of In
dian corn. All at once we saw Jacko walk
up to the Fingoeand make friends with him
(a most unusual thing, as he never took to
the natives ),and even sittingon the ringoe s
knee. Then we saw him make
a spring, and in the jump
seize the Indian corn, and running
for bis life, he caught hold of my stirrup
and was on the pommel of my saddle like
litrhtDink. The Finrae was much enraged,
and threw his "knobkerie" at him, so I paci
fied the man, much to bis delight, by giving
him a bit of tobacco.
I have already said that the soldiers were
very fond of Jacko, and in the evening es
pecially thev would surround his pole,
playing with him; but if he suddenly caught
sight of me coinin into the barrack square,
he wonld immediately go round the circle.
bitina; every one of the men, dash up on his perch, and scream frantically, as if trying to persuade me that he was the injured party
appealing to my protection.
Although brought up by band, bis in
tuitive perception of danger and recognitien
of his enemies were remarkable. If I wished
to keep him up on his pole I had only to
coil a dead snake at the bottom of it, and no
dainty would induce him to come down and when I was absent from my post and
the alarm cry of "Jacko is loose" sounded, my wife had only to put a leopard's skin, with the head stuffed, in the doorway, and the quarters were perfectly safe from Master Jacko's intrusion.
A London Kditor. f "English Journalism," by C. Pebody.J The editor of the Morning Chronicle dur
ing Mr. Clement's proprietorship was John
liiacK a man with the spirit of a Drawcan-
sir and the habits of a Carthusian monk.
He had in person, according to Mr. James
Grant, all the blunt and bluff appearance of a thick-set farmer. He was never, during
the many years of his editorship, to be seen in the streets without being accompanied by a large mastiff, and a robust stick, which he, himself called an honest, sturdy cudgel, in his hand; and generally, according to the recollections of another of his staff who knew him as well as Mr. Grant, with a couple of books under his arm, which he bad picked uo as a bargain at one of the second-hand book stalls that abounded at this time in the strand. All his habits were of a piece. Dressing, as he did, in the plainest possible manner, he had an insuperable objection to have his editorial sanctum kept tidy. This extended even to the dusting of his books; the dustier they were the better. They lay, like Dr. Thirlwall's, in heaps all over the floor, and the whole room was in glorious confusion Eapers piled upon papers, books upon ooks. The place was Chaos. Black found his way about the room, it is said, by instinct; but he knew the place of every book, and when chatting with a visitor about any
The SL Paul editors are
death of their oldett scissors grinder.
The Englishman who despises home-made
current wine has been drinking it in large
quantities irom trance unUer another name,
If the American paragrapher's jokes were
a3 weak as those which eicitc "lauqhter" in
Congress, the pargrapher business woul soon fade.
Mr. Frelinghuysen and Mr. Logan will be
useful persons when the Government shall
have taken the Public Schools into their
own hands.
A fashion paper say corniueal rubbed in
the hair will clean it. But nobody wants to take so such trouble to clean cornmeal.
Pittsburg Chronicle.
General Grant has never been pensioned
for his services in the Mexican War. The
omission should be promptly supplied by a grateful coud try. Chicago Tribune.
It is a elorious thine to be a Lieutenant
Governor in the Dominion of Canada. He of the Province of Quebec gets a salary of $10,000 a year, which is supplemented by a
bill oi expenses amounting to $15,243, of which $l,3öl is for carriage hire alone.
The late Judge Mason, of Iowa, planted a
walnut tree in 1844, which he had cut down
in 1877 and enough boards kept to make
him a colli n when he died. According to his wishes he was laid away for his long
sleep in the colh n made from the tree he
had planted thirty-eight years before.
The other Sunday a hard looking character
took a seat in one of our Churches, and a
short time after was seen going along under the influence liquor. He was asked how he could be an attentive listener at Church and go to drinking so soon after. "Mister, I always thirst after righteousness," was the answer.
A Georgia man was struck by lightning.
thrown clear through a fence and lay sense
less for two hours. When he recovered his
and a
mule was browsing in the next field. And
he said he'd give $25.30 to know whether
the mule kicked him or the goat bucked
him. Boston Post.
A Western newspaper has an article upon "Where editors so when they die." They tro, of course, to a land that is fairer than
day; where no delinquent subscriber can
ever set his foot: where waste baskets,
cranks, dead beats, exchange fiends, spring
poets and book canvassers are never found;
to a land, in short, where it is one perpetual
rest.
Unnecessary explanation: "Conductor,"
said a lady passenger on the train, pointing
over her shoulder to a man who was resting
his feet on the window-sill behind her. "I wish you would request that brute to take his feet down." "I daren't, ma'am," replied
the polite but cautious ticaet nend, "ne a a member of the Legislature," Brooklyn
hagle.
The spoils system has been condemned by the people of this country, and in one way
or another, by one set of agencies or anoth
er. it will certainly be overturned. The
present Administration does . not seem dis
posed to do much to promote this important work, but it will in due time have to give
place to one which will not only be pledged
to Civil Service Reform, but will redeem its
pledges. Norristown Herald.
Georgia makes an excellent financial
showing. According to the recent showing
of its Treasurer the bonded debt of the
State is only $9.726,000, whilst it is indorsed
for about $700,000 of railroad bonds on
which it holds a first lien. The property held by the State, including the Western and Atlantic Koad. on which it receives an
annual rental of $300,000, if sold in the open
market, would bring a sum sumcient to wipe
out her entire indebtedness.
"Why did you send me that almanac, Augustus?" asked Angelina. "Because,
darling," answered Augustus, as he vainly strove to twist the few downy sprouts upon
his upper lip into a curl, because, darling, I wished you to select a date for our the,
aw ceremony." "Oh, I. see!" she said; then
smiling a bewitching smile, she murmured,
' Call it the first of April." Augustus will
some day succeed in raising a mustache, but
he goes to see Angelina no more. A well-dressed, but apparently rural gen
tleman, who dined sumptuously and in solemn crandeurat one of our hotels the
other dav. was presented by the waiter with
the usual finger-bowl with a thin slice of lemon floating about in it. After viewing
the utensil doubtfully for a few moments,
he raised it to his lips and took a deep draught from it. A look of profound disgust succeeded this exploit, and, with the
muttered remark, "Well, that s the darned
est weak lemonade ever I see!" he filled his
pocket with toothpicks and Btartcd for the
outer air. Boston Journal.
A certain degree or. moisture is necessary in the hatching of eggs. The biddy which hides her nest away in some secluded snot on the ground usually comes out with aline brood of chickens, while the one which bad her nest made high up from the ground in some dry place very likely failed to hatch the most of her eegs. Generally the hen
will hatch the most of her eggs when her
nest is placed upon ihe ground. If it is not
practicable to build the nest upon the ground it is advisable, in order to maintain
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Ineonttnenoe or retention of Urine, brick
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an ipecauy yield to m ccrauro power.
raiCZ tl. BOLD BT DBTTOOISTS.
m
1881. 1882. THE INDIANA
WEEKLY
mm
Has been enlarged and Improved until it is nfl the LARGEST an .the VüKV UEüT paper pu. lished In the Weii. TUE WEEKLY SENTINEL is In all regards asuy rior eight nage 66-eolumn paper. The merits of the Sentinel as a general ne
paper are to wen Known, tnni ymmenuauoii
It Is deemed superfluous. e win aaa. fcowev that the management has arranged and fii
determined that no paper shall furnish bo grt
practical value to in patrons lor tne money. In lis news, its edUorials, its literary and miscellany in r word, iu Its general reading it shalt not be surpassed by any paper circulated in tho State. It willba particularly adapted to the family cirr'e. No reading, thinking man in the Ktaie caa afford to do without the Weekly StliUael at thef mall cost ot which it is furnished. Tlie freittlnl vill continue to be thr fame earnest advocate of true American Demoe racy in lhe future that it has been in the past iadecd, it proposes to battle more vieorously thai ever agaim-t the xriyof centralization and cor ruptlon. Vast monopolies own and control iht Republican party, ai:d in the future, as ia the past, it cut li' t do otherwise than foster clis legislation, thereby train plii: upon tho interest of the producing misses. Themo i.xif the sentinel is. "Hold fat to theDpTocrati f ii'h and battle on," and as certainly as God xaiüi victjry vLl ultimately be wiUx liid people. The Kepu1iriT! pnrtrcf nnoUnrvire itserlnf Its monumental iuiquiiies cait tluir shadi athwart the land. Just men of all poli4 opinions are honified at itscolos'al crimes. ambition is for pi under itnd Imperial power, t downward progress, from the dayawhen Grai thieves organized the Whisky Ring to raise a at ruptiori fund, to (iuitcau's tragedy, bas tx marked by in Tamy at every Ftcp. From the d when John Sherman bartered Federal offices i perjuries to seat Hayes, crimes have iollowed eacn other in rapid siiccessloii. The flood-tide of thievery has flowed grandly. There have been ,-,tar Route thieves, Treasury thieves. Navy Department thieves1. War Department thieves, aud signal Service thieves, and Indiana bas hr" Dorsey, the notorious Ftsx Rome thief, and Sf retary of the Republican National Commlttl Pi the Rate, org.nizii:g crime to carry the Stl against the will of the poop" e. The Sentinel w invite the people of Indiiiia to cou template th( licpubiica'i nieth ds to ob'nin and maiat power. Jtwi'.l keep its readers informed wl regard to Republican fights f r rpoils, the mutf Renunciations of its laviions, their cnmtHatiC r.nd recriminations, their mutual hates wbj culminated in the assassination of the lTei3 thereby capping the climax of horrors and pleting the work of infamy. With this record of crime, the Republican ? asks for a new leac of power, and .twill bet hSsb. ambition of the Sentinel to defeat it puiH and emancipate the country from iu debautii TIlio FSentlnel,in addition to IM superiority, is, moreover, an Indiana pH r, oevoied to and specially represents Indiana's interests political and otherwise, as no foreign paper will or can do, and oueht, theretore, to have preference over the papers of other State, and we askDemocrats toberthis in mind, and select Y0ÜS OWN STATE PATER when you come to tike sul crSptions and make np clubs. TEEMS: WEEKLY. .
Single Copy, without Premium Clubs of 11 for Clubs of 23 Clubs of 30 IA1LY. 1 Copy One Tear
1 Copy Six Months l 1 Copy Three Months.- . St 1 Copy One Month Sunday Sentinel by Mai1,... ' Agents making tip clubs send for any inlor Uon desired. Specimen corie free. Address, KDUNArOLISSEXTISELCO . Indianapolis, Ind.
l r -loc .. "o c .. 23 ( .sioi
f