Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 29, Number 12, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 March 1881 — Page 7

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL WEDNESDAY, MARCH 23, 1881: ::

OUR FARM BUDGET.

More About Silo and. Ensilage. Utilizing Gullies Grape Crafting Raising Paas Strawberries Farm Note. Kntllage. A correspondent of the Country Gentleman say s: "I have just finished feeding out my ensilage, and it was in perfect order. I have" fed nearly 100 head of cattle this season, and while feeding on this they would not eat hay. There was no waste near the hoard to speak of, more than there was in the brick silo; everything was eaten up clean. This matter of keeping ensilage is no longer an experiment. I have demonstrated it to a certainty, and there is no longer any need of building extensive silos. This business is within the reach of the smallest fanner. When I left off feeding ensilage my cows ''ropped right off at least one-third of their milk, even when fed on the best of early-cut hay. I will now briefly täte my experience in cutting, packing, and raiding the fodder. The fodder must be cut in pieces fiveeighths of n inch long. One machine to do this can be bought of Joseph Breck k Sons, Iioston, at a cost of and one at the New York Flow Company, No. 05 Ikekman street. New York, for about $100. These can be run with a single horse jower. ThN worl; should be done by parties the same as they go round to thresh grain. In that way one machine can do the work for several farmers at small exji-nse. Ordinary bays in a barn are about the right sie. It is important that the silo should be high, and therefore we get a more perfect pressure. They should be from fifteen to twenty fet h'gh; the fodder can be hoisted as easily as hay can be pitched that distance. 1 have found thaUit is better to fill the silos slowly and thereby yet Mithcient time toettle. If you have two or three ailos to fill, they had bettnr be kept along together, billing each a foot or more om e in two or three davs. Great care should be taken in filing to' keep the fodder in the silo even and tread it solid. It is very important that it hould be thoroughly trodden and locked. A man or two should keep constantly treading while the fodder is being put in. I was mx weeks filling mine before any weight was put on. M. Gotlart, in h late work, recommends a long time for tilling. Another advantage of slow filling is, the pressure outward on the building is le-s where a high bay is filled up slowly. If the silo i- tilled at onee to the height of fifteen or twenty feet, the building must be strong and well secured or the sides will press out. I have tried railing straw with this. M. GootFat says mix in one-tenth of the weight; but I do not like to put in any dry material. I think it better to have everything green. After the whole is filled, boards should be laid over and weighted with about three tons of stone to every ten seet square. Tins thould stand at least six weeks before it is opened; the stones can then be taken otf and the mow cut down about three feet at a time in layers. It is better to take out in one day enough for the next. Keeping one day ahead it will then lie up light an J warm uj nicelv, and if vou feed meal, mix it with this feed three times a dxy and ba sure that the cattle shall have no more than will be eaten clean at every meal. ILxtravagant stories have been told about rai-ing corn fodder 100 tons to the acre. This is all folly. Twenty-five .tons of corn foddsr, sown in drills and cultivated without hoeing, on an acre, of Southern white corn, is a good crop. Winter rye may be sown and be cut in June, and then a good crop of corn fodder raised on the same ground, thus getting off of one acre about thirtv-five tons of green fodder. Fodder should be prepared in this way for summer feeding insterd of soiling. It can be done at much les.s expense and wasle. I think that with the ensilage we can rai-e cattle as advantageously as they can be raised in the "West, and it is a great shame in our State for all our cifies and large villages to depend so. eutsrelv on the West for beef that nearly all our butchers are ruined. When we can raise forty tons of green food onun .acre, we can not afford to let a cow wander over four or five acres of pasture for a living in suaimer, and a large part of that time get only a starvation living if the season happens to be dry. I was the first in this State Maine) to go into this business, and it has proved a jerfect success. I did very little till 187f, but was satisfied from the first that common wood silos above ground was what we wanted and would answer the purpose, and I went forward accordingly. For my first experiment I took three box stalls in my stable, about twelve feet long, seven feet wide and seven feet high. I had some early corn fodder, which I cut and mixed with green clover; then I had some oats on new ground that were full of thistles; these I cut green and fut into another stall; then filled up the ast one with fresh grass, oats, that were full of weeds and thistles, and any coarse green tun J could nnd. Une of these I opened in about a month, and the cattle would eat it in preference to green grass. I had some nice working oxen, and I told my teamster that he had better try some; but he laaghed at me. I neglected to open the . second stall lor some time after the hrst one was gone, and my teamster came to me and asked when 1 was going to open another Mali. I asked him why. He said he wanted fome for his oxen. I told him that he laughed at rue when I spoke of feeding the team on it. He told me he found he was mistaken; he tried, and never had a team do so well in his life. Utilizing Gullie. On many farms tliat have been under nil tivation for some time there are gullies worn more or less deep by the running of the water that accumulates in fields during the prevalence of continued rains. They are of no value to the farms they disfigure, but on the other hand are a great disadrantaze to them. rtuy occupy a Jaree amount of land. prevent passing from one side of the farm to another with wagons and machinery, and have a constant tendency to become longer. wider, and deeper. Generally the sides break down every spring as the frost leaves the soil, and the earth which falls to the bottom is carried awav by the runni water. The deeping of the gullies increases till stone or hard clay is reached. Often hushes ana weeds fill up a large portion of mesioesana Dottonisoi the gullies and they 1 I m V, - . income ine reson oi sniau dui very mischievous animals. The loss sustained by the presence of gullies on many farms is very considerable, and pains should be taken to prevent it. In many instances a gully may be utilized The past season has taught the majority of farmers the value of having a better supply of water on their places. Ordinarily a suf ficient amount of water runs through gully during the spring to entirely till it. If this water is stored up it may prove of great auvaniage ior tne summer, especially it there is a protracted drouth. It will be needed for stock, may be wanted for wash ing parroses, and can always be used to excellent advantage for lrnzatinz the land. whether it is devoted to grass or cultivated crops. Last summer a scarcity of water for stock was felt in most parts of jhe country. A gully may be converted into a pond by s.anpiy Duuamg a cam across the lower portion of it. This dam may be built of earth timber, brick, or stone, the latter being in every resneot preferable. The stone should be laid up with mortar, composed in iart, at least, oi hydraulic cement or water lime The stone wall should extend into the em bankment on eith'-r side sufficiently to pre vent me water irorn wasning round it. it fhould also extend below the bottom o

the gully at least as far as the frost ever penetrates. On top of the dam should be a depression for the overflow of the pond when it is full. Near the bottom should be a large metal tube, furnished with a stopcock for use in drawing off the water as it is desired. The tube should connect directly with a watering trough, which should be where stock of all kinds can readily approach it. If desirable, the water can be conveyed to a distant pasture by means of a wooden or metal pipe. The same tube may lx employed lor conducting water for irrigating purposes. An arrangement of this kind will save much labor in drawing water from a well or cistern. It often happens that a small but constant stream of water from a spring near its upier extremity flours through a gully. When this is the case it is a very easy matter to construct a fish-pond, after the manner susrgested for making a pond for storing water for stock and irrigating purposes. 3y building several dams along thecourse of the gully the pond may be dividoXl so that fish of different varieties and sizes may be kept within proper bounds, and all danger of their preying upon each other can be completely avoided. By constructing a

series of falls over the dams the water will become charged with air. so that the nsh will be in no want of material for purifying their blood. The water of a pond designed for fish can be drawn off when in abundance for the supply of stock, as well as for washing and irrigating panoses. The oftener it is changed the better it will be for fish and cattle. .Many larmers decline to engage in fish culture on acccount of the trouble and expense of excavating suitable ponds. -but when a gully can be utilized for holding water, the exjenseof constructing a pond can be greatly reduced. uullies mav also ue conveneu into ponu.i for the use of water fowls, anil hags, which greatly enjoy, and are benefited by, a place in which they can wasii themselves, a guuy that has long been oHensive to the sight may be made to ornament the premises to a very high degree. Nothing is required but to nil twith water to plant hills in the soil of the bottom, to sod the banks above tho water, and to plant some ornamental trees, shrubs, and vines along the sides. A few rustic bridges thrown across it will greatly improve its appearance. Many public parks owe much of their beauty to the gullies that lave been improved by inexpensive me thods. Some of those in Druid I'ark. IJaltiniore, are marvels of beauty. Occasionally einlies are round that are constantly dry, the water that formed them now tt.iwi'ni? throii-'h other channels. When this is the case they should, if practical, ue filled up. This may often be done by throwng stones, stumps, brush, corn suiiks uuu other rubbish into them and finally Gover ns the whole with oil. .sometimes a dry gully may be utilized by planting the sides with berrv bushes and grape vines. Many varieties of berries do best when grown in a artial shade. A sort of semi-jungle may often be formed in a dry gully which will make a verv pleasant resort for children. Uv having it partially shaded by vines grow ing on the bank: and trained over the top, t will hf cool even during the hotUst weather. Very many gullies may be utilized for the construction of silos, lheir presence win save nearly all the work of excavation, and thereby greatly lessen the expeuse ot con struction. If they are of considerable length an addition to the silo may be made at any time with little trouble or expense. If the gully is permanently dry, nothing will be required to convert it into a silo nut to uuud the walls and till up the space between mem and the banks with earth. If some water runs through the gully it may be conducted oelow the space occupied by the silo through. atrement or earthen drain. The presence of a gully on a farm may do much toward in ducing the owner to test the value ot ensi age. If the cully is situated at some distance from the farm or stable where the stock is generally kept, it may still be employed for the purpose of a silo. By throwing a light roof over that portion ot the guuy that is below the silo an excellent ieeuing place for cattle may be obtained at very lit tle expense. A dry eully may be made to afford very excellent protection to stock in times of severe storms, and even through the hardest winters. Indians often keep their ponies in gullies in the sides of hills, the top being covered with logs and ever green boughs. It would seem that the skill and inventive ingenuity of white men could utilize gullies to as great an advantage as a vages do. Grafting the Grape. This topic, states a correspondent af the Rural New l orker, lias been written and re written about bv ancient and modern au thors until there seems bu; little, if any thing, untold; yet, perhaps, the results of my observation and experience on the sub ject may prove interesting to some of your many readers, and 1 oner them in the hope that they may to some extent benetit, at least, the beginner. There are various circumstances which make it desirable to graft the vine; for in stance, we may have some strong vines of a worthless variety, and by grafting them with an an improved sort we cause them to pro duce fruit of greater vatue in much less time and in larger quantity than we could have obtained by replacing the old byyoung vines of the desired variety. Again, some of our hnest varieties have either defective foliage or feeble roots, or they may be ot delicate constitution, and by grafting them on some of the hardy and strong-growing sorts, we improve their condition sthcicntlv to enable us to grow them profitably for market. By adopting this method many of ourvineyards grow to perfection, and at a handsome profit, such varieties as Allen s Hybrid, It ters' Hybrids, Rebecca Mont gomery, etc. There are several methods of grafting in practice, viz.. splice-grafting, inarching, del t-graf ting, etc., the last being more gen erally in use, not, however, on account of its superior merit, I presume, but because it is the one form most commonly followed i: grafting fruit trees. The vine is generally considered to be far more difficult to gratt than most other fruits, and justly so from the fact that the bark is very thin and the grain ot the wood usually more or less crooked and gnarled, making it difficult to form a perfect-htting joint. mes of me dium size make the most desirable stocks. but those of large size may be successfully gratted it they are vigorous and healthy. To perform the operation, I remove the earth surrounding the crown of the vine down to the roots, and select that portion ot the stocK below ground which appears straightest in the grain oi the wood: 1 saw off the top within three or four inches of the roots, and, having split the stock through the center, select for the coin a piece of the desired variety of medium size, short-jointed, with well-ripened wood, con sisting! two buds; it the wood should be long-jointed, then one bud only should be nsed. Beginning just below the bud, pare the coin to the shape of a rather long, slim wedge, to fit the cleft in the stock, and in sert it by opening the cleft with a wedge or chisel and press it down firmly, being care ful to observe that the bark of the stock and that of the coin match and cross each other slightly, in order that the coin mav catch the rising sap, and thus sustain it till the union is complete. If the stock is small and does not hold the coin firmly in place. it should be secured by wrapping firmly with cord or wire. If the latter is used, care must be taken that it is removed about August 1, or after it has made five or six feet of growth, otherwise it would eventu allv cut of the coin. After the operation is completed a mound or earth aoout three teet in diameter, sum cently high to cover all except the top, should be thrown around the cion, which should be protected on the sunny side bv a half-inverted flower-pot or board until it has formed a union and made some two or three Inches of growth, when it should be gradually inu&red to the sun, and after a few days the protection may be entirely removed. 'umerou3 suckers or sprouts will

make their appearance from time to time from the crown of the stck, which must be

removed or they will rob the Hon of the reoaiivd amount of sai and it will either irish or produce a feeble, sickly growth. V remove these suiK-rffnon shoots, a care ful hand should be employed, as in the earlv stage of growth- there is great danger of breaking on the early growth of the cion. In doing the work, carefully put aside the earth with the hand and take them oil one by one. When all are rubbed otf, replace the earth around the cion, covering it well un to the ton of the wood. This should le repeated as often aj the shoot appear. There are several periods during the year when the vine may be gratted. and each has its advocates. Some prefer the early snnne: others are most succeasiui m -May, when the vines have grown some three or four inches, and up to the early part of June. In this case, however, the cions must be kept in an ice house or cold cellar to pre serve them in a dormant state, ine season renerally adopted in this vicinity is early spring as early as the ground is ni to .. ' it 4. I.- - work. Some of our vineyaraisis are very successful with this early grafting, one ot niv neighbors getting as high as tt per cent, of the cions to srrow. and many f them get from ten to twenty feet of grown, and produce a medium crop of fruit the second year after being grafted, Raising Peas. (Xew England Farmer.l To raise green peas in perfection reo ui res good land; a dry, sandy loam will bring them earliest, but in lime ot drought the quality of the crop upon such land will be very inferior, still, since earliness is very desirable, it usually pays to risk a small piece of earlv peas upon poor, sandy sou, and todeend ujon better lund for the later frnn 1 1 xlinii lit Alsrt 1ia observed that the hiarJ varieties, such as Dan O'llouke and iiack ck-eyed Marrow, will thrive on much poorer soil than the sweeter green sorts, such as the Advancer and the Champion of England, which require rather rich land to produce them in perfection. Peas, being perfectly hardy, may be sown as soon as the land will work mellow; sometimes this can be done in March, but usually about April 10. The tender, green ort should not, however, be sown too early, for the seeds will sometimes fall in cold, wet weather. It is usual to sow the peas by hand in rows three feet apart, using about six ecks er acre of the dwarf seeds. The longer vines of the Marrow and Champion reMUjre roWjJ four feet apart, and only about a bushel ot seed ier acre, l he manure ror peius is usually spread along the furrow from the cart and covered lightly with the hoe before sowing the seed, which is then cov ered with a rake or hoe about half an inch deep. The manure should be as fine us possible to get it. Cultivation of Strawberries Under Glass. Miss II. 15. Trimble, of West Chester, who has been very successful in the production of hot-house grapes for a number of years. met with the loss of her vines last summer from the ravages of the phylloxera. With extensive green-house and forcing facilities at hand, she decided to engage in the raisjng 0f strawberries and tomatoes during the period necessary to grow new grape vines. and has the past winter been remarkably successful in her new venture. The varie ties of strawberries selected were the Shapeless. Charles Downing and Cumberland, the plants being placed in boxes five or six inches in depth, which were arratiged on the shelving of the houses. The tomato vines were planted on the floor and carefully trained up the sides of the building. ew orfc furnished the best market, the strawberries bringing an average of $0 per quart, while the tomatoes realized fifty cents per pound. The prices were welltuaintained throughout the winter, the severity of the season preventing Southern fruit from getting into the market as early as usual. Farm Xotes. crops, the dairy Market and poultry should all together, because one helps' the other. Poor butter or cheese is always the first to feel the effects of a dull market. The best products are always inquired for, even on the poorest market. The use of manures in which potash and phosphates are the only ingredients seems to ie the only preventive so far known for scabby potatoes. Barnyard manures and guano aggravate the trouble. une or tne best deodorizers in stables is ground plaster. It may be sprinkled about the stalls and over the manure heap daily. it will absorb the amuioniacal odors and re tain them, thus increasing the value of the dressing. To prepare night soil for use on land, mix it thoroughly with any dry absorbent, as powdered charcoal, dry muck, road duster sifted coal ashes, so that all lumps may !e broken fine, and then apply it as any other manure. Cabbage is best given to poultry whole. nung up by the stalk. At hrst it may not be touched, but when one fowl begins to peck at it, the rest will be tempted to keep on until little remains. Being suspended. it does not w;aste or become polluted, and it will remain in good condition to be eaten at will. The most substantial walks and carriage roads are first excavated to a depth of a foot or more, then smaller or broken stone placed at the bottom, smaller ones on these. then gravel and tar mixed, course sand and tar on this, and ' usually an inch of fine gravel at the surface. When there is a hard. gravelly subsoil and good natural drainage, less excavation is required. v The Country Gentleman thus sums up its "familiar hints" to gardeners ' rrovide in season plenty of manure. Let it be thor oughly intermixed with the soil. Arrange for all the horse cultivation practically. Avoid the common mistake of occupying more ground than you can keep in perfect condition. Uave complete natural or arti ficial drainage. If all these requisites are attended to, your vegetable garden will be found to be the most profitable part ot your farm. The champion bee-keeper lives very ap propriately, in Bee ton. Cat., and bears the not unfamiliar name of Jones. In the year H7!) from 300 colonies of bees he obtained 75.000 pounds of honey, and in from 400 colonies he obtained 20,000 pounds, worth $3)00, and the latter was a bad year for honey. During the latter year lie ob tained bOO new colonies from the 4UU, am commences l vu with lUUO colonies ot bees, valued at $7000 independent of the cost of the hives. Mr. Jones says he will clear at least $10.000 this year, unless some unfor seen accident occurs. During the past season the Kansas State Agricultural College has kept an exact ac count of the cost of raising corn, winter wheat, oats an 1 millet. Corn, 22 J i acres, 47 bushels per acre, costing 14 cents per bush el. heat, 17 acres, 17 bushels per acre costing 51 cents per bushel. Oats, 10 acres, yielding 20 bushels per aero, costing Z.J cents uer bushel. Millet, 11 acres, yielding 2.y tons per acre, costing $13 per ton. Iheac count includes the cost of seeds, planting. cultivating, harvesting and marketing, the itemoflaboa being charge at the average price. The amount of wheat per acre was very light. Caught at Last. An amusing story is told of Gambetta. In a private parlor he was recently telling how, at the age of twenty, he promised himself never again to pronounce the name ot the Divine Being. "You can imagine," he added, "how difficult that was for one who speaks often and extemporaneously, like myself. But finally, owing to the extreme pains that I took. I have, thank God" the sentence was interrupted Dy peais oi laugn r. and uambetta ended with the words fou see that I had flattered myself too much. I have not yet succeeded."

TTII1T NIHILISTS SEEK.

Interview IT Ith On C tha Orcanliatioi II Trarei the Origin of the Ciafi Mar der to Conversation LatIy II eld by Hin With Scyiie of It Member. ISew York Herald. There are probably very few, if any, living in this country who are more familiar with the deep-laid schemes of the Nihilists to overthrow the Government of Russia, and the preliminary plottings for the accomplishment of this end against the life of the late Czar, than "W. C ky," the Nihilist correspondent of the Springfield Republican, otherwise known as John Buker. A reporter of the Herald had an interview with him yesterday. He said, in renly to a question: "There are two factions in Russia seeking a change in the Oovernment the extreme Radicals, who are justly termed Nihilists, and tlie others, who sutler the odium of the name, but who are simply revolutionists. Personally I object to" being called a Nihilist, but there seems to be no escape from the name. About three- weeks airo thnc Agents of the Supreme Secret Revolutionary Government, the chiefs of which I nuitn the Revolutionary Government hold doctrine entirely ditlerent from the extreme radicals, sent by the underground railway, which is peculiar In Russia at the present time, a request for an audience with the Czar, promising hit personal saiety and asking m return their own safety. The object of the protosed interview was to lay leforc the Czar the true condition of the country and to request him to come and mix for a few hours incognito with the people and see for himself. The Czar, who was really good at heart, although weak in mind, granted, strange as it may seem, the interview." 'Did he grant the request and go with them on the tour of inspection as suggested?" "He did so promptly." "Did he require anv other than verbal vouchers for his safety?" "None' he took their word, they expressing a willingness to be searched, which, however, he did not ask. I should state that these agents were representatives of the highest families in the hm pi re. "What was the extent of the joint tour of inspection" "They went, for intancetoa ol iceman and told him that in a house that was designated at random lived a prominent Nihilist. A body of gendarmes at once made its ap pearance Ujon the signal of the jioliceman, and the master of the house was arrested without warrant, he only being told that he was wanted. Afterward one of the agents in another street accused one of his companions of having robbed him. The nmney and jewelry of the accuser were found upon the person of the accused, and vet, in half an hour afterward, the latter joined the party, stating, as was afterward proven, that he had given the larger share of the fictitious theft to the Chief of the Police District. To cut this part of the narrative short, they showed to the Kmperor the rottenness of nearly all holding onicial position under the Governor, including the mncror's own brother, to whom was traced the theft of 12,000,000 rubles of Gov ernment funds.'' "How did the expedition terminate?" "After the thirties had returned to the lace of meeting the Kmperor asked, 'What is the remedy for all thaf." 'A share of the Government by the people,' was the answer. What is wanted from me continued the niperor. The answer was simply, 'Give to he roles what you promised and your father and vour uncle before vou a consti tution and not only to the Poles, but to the whole Nation. An article that is good for exportation ought to be doubly good for home consumption. it was good or Russia in your eyes to spend millions of money and to sac rifice tens of thousands of lives in order to obtain a Constitution for Bulgaria and inde pendence to Roumania, and it ought to he good for Russia. It is in your power to be come really the father of the people, as you are styled. Grant a Constitution and you will establish hrnier the lUmmama dynasty and be loved by the whole of vour ieole, like the Austrian hnneror.' In the charac teristic manner of his family he answered: Not durir.g my liftime, or after me, if I can help it. I ion this they left him, and you see the result." "Do vou trace the Czar's assassination to lis refusal tocomply with the demand made uton him?'' - l es, most uecNieaiy. "How are the people of Russia to bo benefited bv the Czar's assassination?'' "They will wait to see if Alexander III. will fulfil the pledge which he gave to the old Russ party of the reforms that he would naugurate upon his accession to the Throne. Should he fail to fulfil this pledge they will not wait another twenty-si xy ears. The late Emperor received due warning and did not heed it. The present I-'intieror has his warnng already and his future destiny lies in his own hands." "What do the Nihilists ask?" "Simply when a man is seen to be drown ing to be permiited to hold ont to him a stir and pull him ashore, without being compelled just to go perhajs a dozen miles to an otficial to ask his permission to save one's own father. They ask that deiortation to Siberia and incarceration in dungeons be stopped; that those who are in one or the other shall be set free. And, in a kindly word of advice to the Russian Government, through the Embassy at Washington, I suggest that moderation be used, and that wisdom shall take the place of folly. Human ity can stand only so much misery, and when too much is put on why then those who have sown must reap. There is yet time to save the Government from a general upheaval by granting what Turkey gave to her ieople just before the war a constitution. If it does not come within a short period, the bastiles of Russia will be opened by force, and a sound Republic will rise in place of a rotten, despotic Dynasty." "jjo they propose to do away wita the Empire?" "o. V e tully recognize that the people in Russia to-day are not fit for a republican form of government, and will not be for the next half centurv; but they must have a representative form of government a Constitution, and the abolition of Siberia as a place of imprisonment for political pris oners. Ilug-o and Parnell. Victor Hugo goes in breast-high for Ire land the oppressed, against Kngland the op pressor. He was greatly taken by the distinction of Parnell's manners and by the thoughtful habit of mind revealed in his physiognomy and conversation. Parnell struck him as being a man who never speaks without first turning over mentally what he is going to say. ictor Hugo, who natters himself that lie has insight in judging of that the chief of the Hone Kniers is in all points to be relied uion, and is animated by no low, self-seeking ambition. Par nell is to ask in writing the poet to stand up in behalf of Ireland, and to state her grievances and the remedy he proteoses. He is to fand on the Dcnmcratic and Socialist platform. The action he defends will Inbrought in the name of the oor against the rich, in the name of the conquered Irish tenants ag-.tinst the English millionaire landlords, and of national autonomy against British Imperialism. Whatever Mr. Parnell writes to Victor nugo will be given in the Rapiel along with the answer of the illustrious author of the Chatinients. Victor Hugo never was in Ireland. But he had a great deal to do with Irish settlers in a humble rank of life in the Channel Islands, and always had Irish maids to take care of hia grandchildren. One of them, a certain Biddy Molloy, imposed a debt of gratitude on the Hugo family by the teal she showed in nursing the father of Georges and Jeanne in the long and painful illness of which be

died. She was devoted to the poet, and thought him' the' best man that ever lived, though her hair used to stand on end whenever be expressed before her his anti-Catho-lic views. On such occasions Biddy nsed to cross herself devoutly and mutter rapidly a prayer. She used to comfort-herself by thinking that when the Lord was at the trouble of creating so fine a soul as that of Victor Hugo he would not let it fall into the Bottomless Pit. But she was afraid the

years of captivity In Purgatory would be many and evil. CARLYLES ADVICE TO A YOÜXO MAW. A Characteristic Latter Written Thirty. Threo Years Ago. More than thirty-three vears a?o a voun? law student in Paris, Tenn., o)ned a correspondence with Thomas Carlvle which continued for many years. In 147 when the young man. afterward a United State District Judge, was studying in the law offiee of the Hon. Ishani (J. Harris, now United States Senator from Tennessee, he re ceived a very characteristic and earnest letter from Mr. Carlyle which will be read with especial interest at this time. The letter reads as follows: CHF.lEA. Loxnos. 17 Mav. 147. There is nn. fortunately no recipe or "word"' that can avll you. The "course of reading" or endeavour that would be wlsoit of all lor C 1 in Kentucky, will already not bo quite the wisest for him in Tennessee: what would have exactly i ui ted him. at bis age. in ls37. will no longer altogether suit him now when the world has got ten years forward on its course! Specific direction is and remains impossible, In such a case. Yon will have (as heretofore) to choose by what of llKhl. of mailt nlneaa and fnithftiluem la in vour own mind, the Betterand the Good from out of the boundless imbroglio of the' Trivial, the Bad and liase (which men ot less light are earerly following on all hands of you); and with, your whole soul, to appropriate these, and elaborate them as you have faculty and opportunity You then and now. It appears you have had a very fair success hither to; and have lifted your head and Shoulder Mimewhat out of the slough, and can look about you a little; hope confidently that the gods henceforth repay with like bounty the like fidelity of effort. I have observed this truth, even in oar confused world; that whatever ot real human worth a man does put into his grand enterprise, just about the name quantity of real human victory (lrrecoguizable often to blockheads, but very real for all that) does he in the end get out of It this is an unspeakable comfort to a brave young man! But "real" human worth and human victory are, as I say, very often not so recogoizable ; who knows, for example, whether your President, Polk, and our King, HuJou (if you have ever heard of such a man, who has ma te his two milions by railways here) have any "victory" at allhave gained anything but "a more connplcuous exhibition of their own ugliness:" which surely is deftat and not victory? You must very particularly pray the Heavens, for one thing. Not to Infect you with vulgar ambition (literary or otheri, which Is fatal to all nobleness in man! seekest thou great things, seek them not." Seek eternal things (if you know them): you will better aud better get to know them, if you seek nonestiv. i tiat also li a fact, At to "reading" read "History and Prophecy" (if you understand those words): whatsoever of truly interesting, has been, is, or is about to be, in this world where you have come to live, all that authentically bears these question, snatch it wherever you can find it, read that with greedy heart, and on the whole read nothing else. The hugest follies of this world are living about at pre ent in the bhape ot books and book celebri ties. Adieu.' The New Emperor of Russia. ine neir to tne crown ot itussia is the Grand Duke Alexander, born February '2d, 184.; married November J). 1SU, to Maria Dagmar, lorn November 2d, 1847, daughter of King Christian l.v, or Denmark. The Czarowitz Is hardly as tall as his father was in his best days, but he must be nearly- if not quite, six feet in height, aud Is remarkably deep ehesten and Droaa nouioered. wun all the ap pearance oi great strengtn. mis light gray eyes resemble those of his mother's relations at IlesseDannstadt more than his father, who has the dark blue eyes (such as the French call -blue black which are to be seen tu the pictures of Alex ander I., Paul. Peter the H reat and several other members of the house of Romanoff. In fignre and general style he is also like his uncle, the late Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt. The shape of his head, which is above the average size us with most of his family Is rather peculiar; one of those only fitted by a large hat, which when worn appears out of proportion to the comparatively small face below. A phrenologist would say it was a shape betokening great energy and strength of will, with a talent for mathematics. His forehead is high : but the organs of veneration, firmness, and pelf -es teem are most largely de vel ed. This form of head may have. beeu produced, according to the Darwinian theory, by several generations of despotic power, as Alexander II. has more of it than is generally seen, though not as much as bis son. A small mouth, with extremely good teeth, which he only shows when he laughs, is the Czarowite's best feature; his hair is auburn, and his complexion very fair. In St. Petersburg he usually anr?ars correctly attired in uniform; but when enjoying a noli day among ms wiie s relation, ne may ne seen in a very loose washed suit ot shepherd's plaid, a black tie, a white hat. and with neither gloves, ring nor watch. That he has b-ren no carpet soldier is evident from the marks of frost bites on the third and fourth fingers of his left hand, and a slight scar on his temple, where a bullet grazed his head in one of the battles of the Turkish War. The Czarowitz is very popular In Copenhagen, where he and the Princess Dagmar, as she is still fondly called by the Danes, walk about the town together in the most unceremonious manner, and are always ready to take their part in any popular entertainment during the long visits which they periodically pay at lier father's Court. It also speaks well for him that he is supposed to require uo extra amu.ment there; but to be perfectly happy leading a slmpte life with ois wife and children, roaming about in the park and spending quiet evenings in the castle. In the summer of l7t the whole Danish royal family, including the King and Queen of Greece, were entertained for six we k at his palaces in St. Petersburg and fx irco-Selo. The IVince's study in the Anitchkov palace is a small room fitted up with maps and globes and well filled book-cases, in which historical works in all languages predominate. That be is a reader is shown by the pile of newspaiiera which he collects at the different stations when on a railway journey to peruse on the road, and he has taken personal interest in the publication of the State correspondence of Russia. Some years ago he wrote himself to the heirs of La Harpe, who was tutor to the Emperor Alexander I., to ask tor the loan of any letters from his great uncle to La Harpe, which might happen to be still in their hands. . A Lottery Story. Some years ago, in Berlin, a poor orphan girl dreamed three times running of a certain number, which appeared to her in luminous figures, while an unearthly voice, repeating over and over again: "This number will win the first prize in the Class lottery," resounded in her mind's ear. She imparted the vision to her guardian, and he repaired to the Koyal lottery office and inquired what had become of the ticket bearing the number in question, receiving answer that it had been disposed of to a well-known lottery agent in Koenigsberg. He forthwith wrote, to this person, inclosing the price of the ticket and requesting that it should be forwarded to him by return of post. In reply to his application he was informed that that particular ticket had been sold, over the counter, a day or two ago, to whom the agent could not say. He, however, inclosed in his letter another lottery ticket, which he naively recommended "as excellent and highly-promising number." But the youthful dreamer's guardian, fcilingto recognize any special merit in the ticket thus urged upon his acceptance, sent it back with peremptory instructions that it should be returned to him without delay. His Vexation may be imaginged when, at the next drawing of the State lottery, the number winning the hrst prize of 15,000 proved to be not that of which his ward had thrice successively dreamed, but the one he had refused to purchase at the recommendation of the Koenigsberg agent. The Largest Cattle Sale Ever Made. Trinidad (Col.) Republican. The largest cattle sale that has ever taken place, we venture to say, in the world was consummated the other day by the Hall Brothers, the New Mexico cattle kings, who disposed of ther ranch and stock in Colfax County for $400,000. -About a year ago one of the brothers, of whom there were then three in partnershi p, sold out to the other two his interest, receiving, if we remember correctly, $100,000 and 6,000 head of cattle. He then removed to Texas, where he still is. The two other brothers continued the business till the present time and may now re tire to private life with ihe snug little bank account of $200,000 each.

1'IUXK PIERCE.

A Letter That B Wrote tm Jeff Iaris la fMapleton (La.) Pres. M. J. P. Jenness, of Smithland, has placed us under many obligations for an originarl copy of a letter in manuscript written by the late Franklin Fierce, Ex-President of the United States, to his friend, the Hon. Jeffer son Davis. The letter was captured daring the "War in the South by a brother of Mr. Jenness. Major J. C. Jenness, Assistant Ad jutant General on the staff of General Har din, of ew Hampshire, who was in com mand ot a portion of the Kastern Army. Of the general contents of the document and value because of its associations, the reader can well aftord to peruse the follow ing verbatim et literatim: Clarendon Hotel, January 6, i860. To Hon. Jeff Davis, Washington, D. C: My Dear t kiesd I wrote you an unsatisfac tory note a day or two Mnce. I have just had a pleasant Interview with Mr. Shipley, whose courage and fidelity are equal to his learning and tal ents. He says he would rather fight the battle with you as the standard-bearer in ls'0, than under the ausmces of tor other leader. The feel ing and judgment of Mr. 8. in this section is, I am confident, rapidly gaining ground in New Kngand. Our people are rapidly looking for the r-cominit man." One who la raUed by all the elements of bis character above the atmosphere oroianiy breamed bj politicians. A man really nnoi ior mis exigency Dy nis aoiiiiy, courage, brand statesmanship and patriotism "Voionei Seymour (Thomas II.) arrived here mis morning and exnressed his views In thin re-1 latlon in almost the identical language used by nr. ciiiuic. "It is true that in the Dresent state of thintra at Washington and throughout the country no man can predict what changes two or three months may bring forth. Let me susKest that in the l J debate in Congress full juxtice seems to me noi to nave oeen done to the Democracy of the North. I do not believe that our friends at the South have anv lust idea of th state of feeling, hurryin at this moment to the pitch of intense exasperation, between those who lespect meir pollilcal obligations and those who have apparently no impelling power but that which fanatical passion on the subject of domes tic slavery lmtmris without discussing the question of right of abstract power to secede. I have never believed that actual disruption of the In Ion can occur without blood. And if, through the madness of Northern Abolitionism, that dire calamity must come, tne fighting will not be along Mnson and Dixon's line merely; it will be within our own borders in our streets between the two classes of citizens to whom I have referred. Those who defy law and scout x-nstitutional obligations will, if we ever reach ih' arbitrament of arms, find occupation enough luhnrae. Nothing but the state of Mrs. Pierce's health would induce me to leave the country now. although it is ouite likely that mv tiroKpiwp at home would te of little service. "I have tried to impress upon our people, especially In New Hampshire and Connecticut. where the only elections are to take place during the coming spring, that while our Union meetings are all in the right direction and well enough for tne present, they will not be worth the paper on which their resolutions re written unless we can overthrow political abolitionism at the noils and repeal the unconstitutional and obnoxious laws which, in the cause of 'personal liberty,' have been placed upon our statute books. "I shall look with deep interest and not without hope for a decided change in this relation. Kver and truly jour mend, Franklin Pierce." Maud S. "Tell me something about liorses,Mr. Vanderbilt." said a New York Herald interviewer. "That's a subject on .which you areas great an authority as you are on railroads. "Oh, I keep my horses for my own private amusement, though I have no objection to let the public see a Might of speed or anyinnig oi mat .on. ine iaci is, my norses ana my pictures are my preatest amnsemeni when I am done with my busines." "Which is the the bet horse in the world r This was a question putting Mr. Vanderbilt's equilibrium of unassuming simplicity and modesty to a somewhat severe test. "That's touching too near home, isn't it?" said he, with a good-natured smile.' After some hesitation, in which his manifest dis inclination to vaunt any particularly envi able possession of hia struggled with a nat ural desire to give honest credit where credit was due, he said: "Well. I suppose nobody will deny that place to Maud S.' "Will she ever be beaten?' "Ever is a great while." Mr. Vanderbilt replied, wifh a wary twinkle of hia shrewd eyes, and there the conversation on the sub ject of the millionaire s qeeum wealth dropped. The exact truth should not be told at all times. It is just as much one'sduty to keep still as it is to sieak. The whole philosophy of life H comprised in the answer to the question, "When shall we do the one, and I when the other?" There is, therefore. nothing personal in the following distich: .4 To wonder now at Balaam's ass, is weak; Is there a day that asses do not speak? An Irish porter, closing a shop one rainy evening, took otF his coat while putting up the shutters. When asked why he went out in his shirt-sleeves in the rain, "chure. said he, "don't I want a dry coat to go home in: Even Asia has not escaped an exceptional ly severe winter. In Japan there have been snow storms the like ot which are not re membered to have occurred in fortv years. The snow is ten feet deep in the fields and hfteen feet on the mils. Nature's Sluice-Way . The kidneys are nature s sluice-way to wash out the debris of our constantly chang ing bodies. If they do not work properly the trouble is felt everywhere. Then be wise and as soon as you see signs of disorder, get a package of Kidney-Wort and take it faith fully. It will clean the sluice-way of sand. eravel or slime and Durifv the whole svstem. Druggists sell it both liquid and dry, and it is equally efficient either way. Independ ent. For Xynppaiav, Indisrestton. Deoression of Spirits and General -Debility, in the various forms; also, as a preventive against fever and neue, and other Intermittent fevers, the "FerroPhoMphoratexl KJlxir of Causa yft,n made by Caswell, Hazard fc Co.. New York, and sold byfall aruginsu, is tne nest tonic; ana tor patients re covering from fever, or other sickness, it has no equau "Bnchupaiba. New, quick, complete cure, four days, urinary anections, smarting, irequent or difficult urination, kidney diseases. $L Druggists. 68 V ashington street. ' Don't Die on the Premises. Ask druggists for "Kough on Hats." It clears out rats, mice, bed-bugs, roaches. Only 15c per box. Decline of Man. Impotence of mind, limb or vital func tion, nervous weakness, sexual debility, etc. cured by Wells' Health Renewer. $1 at druggists. 33 Y ashington street. Catarrh of the Bladder. Stinging, smarting, irritation of the urin ary passages, diseased discharges, cured by liucliupaiba. $l. .Druggists. 38 W ashingion street. Fongh on Rata. The thing desired found at last Ask druggists for "Kough on Rata" It clears out rats, mice, roaches, bed-bugs, etc, Fif teen cents per box. Skinny Men. Well's Health Renewer. Absolute cure for nervous debilify and weakness of the generative functions. One dollar at druggists, x asmngion ou A Sure Thine. Chapin's Buchupaiba quick, complete ! cure for gravel, stone, kidney, bladder and all urinary affections. $L 38 Washington street. Terrible Lose of Life Millions of rats, mice, cats, bed-bugs, roaches, lose their lives by collision with "Kougü on Rats." Sold by Druggists. 15c boxes. Brain and Nerve. Wells' Health Renewer. ereatest remedy on earth for impotence, leanness, sexual de bility, etc l, at druggists. 53 Washington

iTreew

THE

GREAT GERMAN REMEDY roa EHEÜHATISM, NEURALGIA, SCIATICA, LUMBAGO, BACKACHE, GrOTJT, SORENESS oras CHEST, SO RE THROAT. QUINST, SWELLINGS A SB SPRAINS, FROSTED FEET EARS, BOAXiSS, TOOTH, EAR Ars HEADACHE, ILL 0TÜEB FAINS ACHES. No Praparatioa oa artb ramlr St. Jacobs Oil m ft lira cbc. start. ad mur Extaraftl Remodr. A trial uiV bat th omprtivW triflinKontliy of SOCtwn, 4tt7 ob oirrinf with pais cat tT cheap lad potiurt proof a ill olftima. r, .... . ........ SOLI IT ALI BIBOOtJT AHO BtAlUS II MEDICIIf. A. VOGELER & CO. - rtntn"-. Ma., r. A. .. TUE GKEAT Kidney and Liver Medicine, CURES all Disease, of the Kidneys. Liver, llladder, and Urinary Organa ; Dropsy, CiravH, IH&bt-tra. Jtrlffht'a liaaet rains In the Hack, Loins, or Side; ltetentionor Nonrrtentlon of t'rlne, Nervo Ulawaa., femal Yeaknaaf Kacemia, Jaundice, ltlliousneM, Headache, Sonr Stomach, Dyspepsia, Constipation A Piles. HUNT'S REMEDY CURE3 WUES ALL OTHER MEDICDTE3 PAIL, as it a.-U directly and at nc on the Kidney. Liver, and tlowHs, rentorin; them to a healthy action. HUNT'S ItEMKDV is a safe, sure anl spwly cure, ant hundreds have been cured by it wttcn pbmiciana and friends had given them up to die. lx uot delay, trv at once HUNT'S UEM EDV. ßend for pamphlet to "WM. E. CLARKE, Providence, R. I.' Prices, 75 cents and SI. 2.1. Larpe size the cheapent. Aak your druggist for IlUJfrS KEMEL V. Take no other. 0 Invalids who have lost, but are recovering. vital stamina, declare In grateful terns their aopreciation of the merits as a tonic of Hoetetter's Stomach Bitters. Not only does it Impart strength to tne weak, it corrects an irregular acid state oi the stomach, makes the bowels act at proper Intervals, gives ease to those who suffer from rheumatic and kidney troubles, and conquers as well as prevents fever and airue. For sale by all Druggisti and Dealers generally. The symptoms of liver complaint are a bitter or bad taste in the month; pain in the back, sides or Joints, often mintaken for rheumatism; sour stomach; loss of appetite; bowels alternately costive and lax; headache; loss of memory, with a painful sensation of Having 1 ailed to ao pomething which on it ht to have been done; debility : low spirits, a thick, yellow appearance of the skin and eyes, a dry cough often mistaken for consumption. Sometimes many of these symntoms attend the disease, at others very few; but the Liver, the largest organ in the body, is generally the seat of the disease, and if not regulated in time, great suffering, wretchedness and deatn will ensue. AS AN UNFAILING SPECIFIC TAKE Simmons 1 Lirer Relator, or Meäicine. CAUTI OX. Buy no powders or prepared Sim mons' Liver Regulator unless in our engraved wrapper with trade mark, stamp and signature unbroken. None other is genuine. Manufactured only by T. II. ZEIH.IIV fc CO., Philadelphia, Pa. SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS. MANHOOD RESTORED A victim of early Imprudence, causing nervous debility, premature decay, etc, having tried lo vain every known remedy, has discovered a sim plemeans of elf -cure, which he will send f reetf his fellow-sufferers. Address J. H. REVE3, Chatham street. New York. f vonth In trnt, mint to. Prtra.tl.no. Aldr KEW ENGLAND MEDICAL lKSTlTL'TV, ti tnmoDl Bov. BoMnn Mm. MYORCESEI Ctmlar for mmbb. N.rroa.a Amkt. Illlr.w. Hmm lark. $66 a week In your own town. Terms and $S outfit free. Addma II Hil.i.vTT a v. Fortland. Maine. MISCELLANEOUS. lr7r7r7 A Ter n1 expenses to agent. Out: I I at free. Add s P.O. Vlckery, AugOk

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