Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 28, Number 32, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 August 1880 — Page 10

THKIKDIAKA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 11, 18S0-SUPPIJ3MENT.

LANDERS. Tie Democratic Candidate for Governor ArraigBg Mr. Porter and Flays Him Alive.

Federal Supervisors at the Foils North and South Denounced. Masterly nndIlBff of Iii leading Poll Ural Imim of tb Dax, The 8pch of Hon. Franklin Landers, Delivered at Seymour, Ind., August 6, I88O. The following masterly argument tu made at Seymour, Ind., Augast 0, 1880, by Hon. Franklin Landers, Democratic candidate for Governor: Mb Presidätst, Laddm aid Gentlemen According to oar form i t govern" er.t every four years the people have a right by ba lot to cbar.g- tue admin'stration or tbe Federal Government. Tbe existence of political parties appear to be a necessity under our form of government, SDd It Is desirable that great thong ut should be given to questions last immediately Interest ibe people at lance. Measures In their Interest mast be devised, and those wboaevlse tbem and flrt agitate them are Dot in tbe trae sense of the word poliuciaos.but agitators. Tbe politician, when a measure has been made popular with tbe people by agitation, takes It up and ride i Into office on iu Tbe party or man that devises nothing in tbe In i great of the country deserves bat little credit. The Republican party Is now asking a new la of power on the strength of Its record, ana it Is by no means modeta in its claims aa belüg the iriend and supporter of all measures that nave tended to preserve our Government from Laads which sought to destroy It, or in claiming credit for every measure that haa tender in the least to revive tbe industries of the country since tbe war; and it is not now to deny that it has extended support to anv measures that have tended to destroy the Government or to retard tbe prosperity of tbe country since tbe peace-of the Government was restored. Were it not for such claims set u, by members of that party, I would not now go back to review some of tbe questions of tbe past, "or you are more immediately Interested In the presmt aud In the future than you are In the past. The only good that can result from looking back over the past is to enable us to so shape tbe polloles of government aa to in the future avoid the errors of the past. STATE BIGHTS. Mr. Porter, in bis speech delivered in Indianapolis on the 15th of J une, said : -Very early In the history of the United States the latal dootriie was proclaimed and took root, that any State whlcn conceived tb-t it was aggrieved by tbe United States might, sella upon its own judgment of the grievance, voluntarily withdraw and separate from ibe Union." Mr. Poru-r was himself a Democrat till Just before tne war commenced, and he ought to be lasted ou th principles of a party to wnicb he belonged, at least wul e he waa a member of it. I wait a Democrat beio-e and since the war. and I have yet to aee the first resolution embracing tbe doctrine stted by him, in any Democratic National pltrtorm. I do not deny Uutxime who acted wlih the Democratic party asserted the right ot a state to withdraw from tbe Union, and I presume Mr. Porter wilt not deny that many R-pubilcaas as-terted the same right. Fearing he may have forgot ten tbe post of his present party , as he appears to have forgotten the principles of bis o d party the Democracy 1 now call his alten lion to adeem ration if his home organ, the Indianapolis Journal, made November 13, 18ti0, at a time when the Southern stales were threatening secession: They know very well that if they are determined to leave tbe Union, no Republican will eare to have them slay. A Union preserved only by intimidation and force la a mockery, and it is better broken than whole. If South Carolina aud ber associates in folly really want to leave the Union they can go without a wort or objection from any man North of Mason and Dixon's line." This declaration is very broad. It includes all men North of Mason and Dixon's line, and 11 tbe Journal, the organ of my competitor, (Mr. Porter), Is truth nl. It embraces him; It spoke for him i deny tbe troth of the declaration, boweyt-r, and am sure no true Democrat Indorsed the doctrine. Other leading Journals of the Repnb lean ratty took like positions I wou d not refer to this question, fellow citizens tor it la one of tbe past, and one that yoa are not now Immediately Interested in were it not that a large portion of tbe speech of my competitor la taken up with eulogies of the Republican party lor its great pa notlsm and faithfulness to the Union, and with denunciations of tbe Democratic party. Thed etrlne that tbe States of tbla Union have the right to manage and control their own domestic affairs nas always been a Democratic doctrine, and is to day. It was once tbe doctrine of tbe Republican party, as will appear from a resolution found In lta National platform of IS). Tne fourth resolution of that Republican platform declares: "The maintenance inviolate of the rights of tbe States, and especially the right of each State to oruer and control its own domestic In stltn Hons according to its own Judgment exclusively, Is essential to tbat balance of power on which tbe perfection and endurance of oar political fabric depends, and we denounce the lawless Invasion by armed force on the soil of any state or Territory.no mat' ter ander what pretense, aa amongst the gravest of Crimea." If the Republican party, after it came Into power under this resolution, had lived rip to its pledge to the people, we would not have so much ground for complaint against it to-day. Mr. Porter aays tbe Republican party baa redeemod its pledges. This was a pledge that has been trodden under foot and disregarded by the Republican party. Tbe domestic institutions of tbe Btates have been taken charge of by the Federal Government ander Republican law I reter now particularly to the law appointing Supervisors to take cnarge of eleotlocs in tbe several States, and of Deputy Marshals to act under these supervisors of elections. This law a as passed by the Republican party under the plea tbat It was necessary in the Southern States. FEDERAL SUPERVISION SOUTH. Tbe Constitution of the United 8 täte provide that tbe time, place andmanner of selecting Senators and Rep esentatives in Congress shall be prescribe in each State by the Legislature thereof, but the Congress may at anv time make or alter such regulation, except aa to the Dtaoe of choosing Senators. Under this provision of the Constitution tbe Congress of the United States evidently had tbe right to change the manner of selecting Representatives, and also to provide for their election In all States where the Slates had neglected or refused to do so. Tbe law waa said to be ex olualvely for tbe Southern States Under this same law tney bad a right to send the United Hutes army into any State to take charge of the elections, Tbe southern states were managed by Nupervlsors and Marshals, backed by United Sta.es troops with drawn bayonets.and It was tbus that designing men from tbe North, called carpet baggers, were protected in their management ot the Southern States. The United States army kept the people of the Southern states in subjection, while tne carpet baggers, by manipulating the negroes, got alt tbe places of power, and, under tbe pretext of going into various schemes for la ternal improvement in tbe different States. Issued large quantities of bonds, tbat they might get hold of tbe cash proceeds from the sales thereof. Every extravagance that could oe tbougbt of was engaged in. These carpet bagg rs, having no common interest with tne people of those ctatea, tbe extent of tbe plnndering committed by the agents of tbe Republican party in tbe Southern 8 ates is simply appalling, and fioni first to last no effort was made to check it by tbe party responsible lor the robbery. President Grant appointed men to office In that section with eepecial reference to length of finger and depth of pocket, and he found more No. 1 thieves than were ever before Invited to help carry on any civilized Government. The fo. owing figures will show tbe amount of debt the Republican Legislatures, composed. In the main of negroes and carpet-bagg-rs. Involved ten of the Southern Bia' es, then under the control of tbe Republican party, from the close of tbe war to the month of June, Mi. The debt aggregates the enormous sum of two hundred and eighty -four millions of dollars or ptaieaboata. The figures for aen of tbe ten

8 tat es referred to will foot np in round num-

otj i a H iouows: . The debt and liabilities at the close of the war of tbe State of Virginia wre K2.iAX),0 0. dj juury t, ia,z, mat oebt was increased, under Radical rule, to 15,500 ,uuo. ineaentor North t;aroltna. at the close of tbe war, was $ll,0U).0UO. By January 1, 1872, it was IncreoHed to nearly Sjo.Ouu.UUU. rainuiroiui. s aebt,at lh close or the war, was $5,000,01)0. January 1, 1872, It was Increased to upward of t,ObO.0U0. Georgia's debt at the close of the war was nearly nominal, but by June, 1S71, it was made to exceed J ttW0JLM. The debt of Worlds at the close of the war wrJ21,UJ0. Br Januarv 1. 1X72. ltvuanr 15,7u0.0U0. At t be Cose of the war Tennessee owed TS).000.U 0. J an nary 1, 1872, she owed over 1 15.5U),Arkansas at the close of the war was Indebt ed st.U0U,ut. J auusry 1, 1872, her debts amounted to over 119 7un,0 0 Tbe state of Louisiana had debts and llablii I lea at tbe clone of tb, war In the nnm of I iu.üijO.0: while January 1,1872, they footed up over UV,JUU.UOU. Texas had a nominal debt at the close of the war. but January 1,1872, it amounted to over r-W.3U0,ouO Tbe debts and liabilities of Alabama were S-iWOo.ooo at the close of tbe war. January 1, 1872, the were over fc,382,' 00. It wUl be observed that about the latter date most of these States relieved themselves of this carpet-bsg or Republican rule. And when yoa consider that tbe Southern States have been tbe unwilling victims of this enormous robbery you will readily under stand why those people are o much disap pointed wun tne rule or tne Republican party and why their 138 electoral votes will be civ-t for Hancock and Kngilsb. They can not be worsted. Could anything worst them? it is not surprising, in view of these facts. that Carl Scnurz in 1872, on the 13ih day of AugUMt,ln tbe city of Indianapolis, made tbe lo lowing Inquiry and answer: -lias it (the Kepnhican pmy) fought against corruption ? No. A party that fosters governments like those In the Soath has be come a protector rather than an enemy of corruption, it is tue same la the North. The party la ninety-nine oat ot one hundred cases has sbieded fraud and corruption Perhaps in no previous period of a time of peace bave the Constitution and the laws been trlflrd with In such an off-hand manner as du rln tbe last three years. A system or whltewasning and hushing udwrs resorted to be cause those who had committed these mal practices were ardent 'ouowers of the party. Mr. Porter has much to sav in his speech about Kualux. Hear what Carl Schurz says In the same speech from which I am reading: "In North Carolina 1.4U2 Kuklux Indictments bave be n made, two of which only have ueen irieu. ana l.&xj or wnicn are against people who probaoly know of the Xukux not more than you or I. Deputy Marshals called on those people, saying if they voted the Grant ticket and exerted their Influence for It they would not be prosecuted Internal le venue officers went round spying in stores for any St-emlng violation of law, and by threats of prosecution causing the owners to vote the Grant ticket. We fight at present not only against Grant, but a system which firmly established will make free elections lmpos sible." Ia View of these declarations hv Carl Schnrz It requires more cheek than belongs to ordin ary mortals toenab.ea man to stand upas Mr. Porter aid ou tbe 15 h or last tnonin at Indianapolis, and eulogize the Republican party for honesty. Who Is right. Porter or Schurz? The State rights doctrine, under Democratic construction, wou d ailow those people to rave niatagea their own internal anairs without interference, and tbev would have been protected in that, right as Gen. Hancock pripo-ed to protect the people of Louisiana aud Texas when he was appointed commander of tbat Military District, and because of his re fusai to protect tbe Republican carpet baggers and robbers in tbeir nefarious schemes lor plunder, as they were afterward protected, the Republican party had no ose for bis services looger in the Sontberu State. Republican papers and speakers say tbat General Han cock Is only a military man. lie showed by bis older No. 40. as well as in other military orders issued alter he was appointed to the District rererrea to thtt he ruiiy understood oar form of government, and tbat especially was ne intent on preserving tnat form ot gov ernment In spirit and in letter In time of peace, as ne was intent on putting down th rebellion in time of war. And tbat statesman like quality has made him loved and respected, not only by the people of tbe South, wno nave been robbed ana otherwise overriden by the Republican part but by every patriot and t onstltu.ion-lovlng citizen who was looking on while the piun dering was going forward, and who was con sldering what would have been the condition of tbe south bad such men as General Hancock been in command. He, like Washington, when the war was over was ready to beat his sword into a plow-share, aod dec are tbat the civil anthoritlea are superior to tbe military. 1 hero is where we Democrats stand, and there is where Washington and jeffvrson stood. Hancock and Euglish will be elected, and when they are elected our ship of State will be carried back to its original moorings. Tbe military will be kept la strict subordination to the civil authorities: the rights of the States usurped by the Federal Governernment ander tue Republican party for instance, the control of elections in the several States by Federal officers aoting under Federal authority, and tbe transfer ot numerous triads from the State Courts to Federal Courts, will be restored to tbe States where theybelo g. We could make now the same declaration against the Repi bllcan prty tbat our patriotic forefathers made agtlust the King of Great Britain with equal tiuth. They d- ciared that tnelr citizens tiad be -a arrested for trifling offenses and transported to distant countries and there tikd among strangers. Since the Republican party cane into power, and even daring the pat year, we have In Indiana witnessed the ame thing done here. Parties In Jennings County were charged with violating the election laws, and notwithstanding they had a Court In their own County, they were brought to Iod'anapo is and tried there for thirty d y among strangers, by a Federal Court, for an offer-se against the State laws They were bankrupted, very nearly ell of them acquitted and then allowed to find their way back home. You will not have to stand such outrages upon tbe rights of oar people mach longer. We will not report to arms, in y fellow citizens, but we will settle sucb questions at the ballot box. 7EDXSAL BCPERYISI05 BORTH. Mr. Porter and otber Republicans langh' at the obligations made by the Democrat ie party to the usurpations of the Federal Government in tbe appointing of Supervisors and Marshals to take charge of elections in tbe several Sttes when Congressmen are to be elected. Tbe right ot Congress to pass a law for tbe government o. elections in the South while States there were in a disorganized conditlou, was never oppos d by the Democratic party; but Iba use or the United Hta'es army to back Republican Marshals while robbing tbe peo nie of the South has ever been onrxwed by Democrats. We supposed these Mar shals and supervisors or Elections would be con fined la tbeir operations to the Sou' hern States, as it was claimed the law was made especially for them. But It proved to be so very advantageous to tne Republican party in carrying tbe elections, that it was en abled tnereov to inaugurate its fraudulent President. Under that jaw tbe leaders of the Republican oarty bad their Supervb-ors of Elections, ana tneir Marshals, backed by the army of tdi United States, to protect tbem in tbeir frauus: and at tbat time ibe Republican party was so intent on upholding state rights It insisted we could not go behind tbe certificates of elections Issued by tbe Slates, notwithstanding we Demosrats were telling them they. were fraudulent, and we were ready and anxious to pr ve tnem so. The Republican party has been excited by ibis, use a uon Dy a taste oi iresn oioou.tiu it is now and baa been for some time put'lrgln practice tnls same law in some ot tbe Northern States Pennsylvania has sufiVred much by It, In 187Ö the Democrats discovered that Republican Supervisors had perpetrated great frauds in tbe registry of voters in Philadelphia. Tbey charged that 20,iju names upon tne registry bo ks were a iraua aua a notion. Th- y broaeht the case before a Court in Phl'adelphla. They were enabled to investigate l'i.OuO of tbe 20.000 they charged as being fraud ul-nt, and the Court decided they were so and ordered tbem stricken off Yet the Republican party says: We are or. ly using this law to preserve tbe purity of tbebtliotbox!" we Democrats say it is nvd for the puroote of corrupting the bllot box, and I know of nothing thst con Id go further to aoow it han tnts one act. You wl" bear iu mind that the duties I Supervlsorsof Elec lions commence with the registration or voters. No neb an Instaue la ou record In any State

ander a State law, free from Federal sup-r-

V iniuil. In the city of New York. In 1878. tbev bad over twelve hundred Republican Dern'y m appointed to prefer ve order at the po is. These Deputy Marshals were the lowest type ft humanity. Many of them had lust come from the peuitentlary. On the day beiure ma election inese supervisors issued warrants for S.1UU, and on election dav thev arrest ed over one thousand men charged with Intent to commit irau i in attempting to vote with out having made a proper application for nat uralization pnpers or, in other words, tnat tbeir naturalization papers were frauds. They were torn from their families, placed In ptl-on eel's. aud atier the election was over brougnt op lore a Court where in every Instance their natural izatlon papers were pronounced genuine But they had lost their votes, and lhy had been cruelly defrauded of their liberty .nd kept Irom exercising their rights as voters. Can anything be more alarmU g and in more direct violation of the spirit of our Government? 1 know of nothing to equal It, except the action of Napoleoa a'ter the revolution in France. He made as loud pretense ot lalrnet s and honor and honesty as do the leaders of the Republican party now. He said tbe people should bave a fair chance to vote. He himself was a candidate, and be bad bis army ai the polls vita the same appearance of fair ness tbat. tue Keruuucan party nad their Mar snala at tbe polls to see that tne people httd a lair cnance to vote, wnenthevotr was for spoh-on he was all rieht, but when he pro posed to voie against Napoleon he was taken as ue .Republicans took our mends in ew York,' and locked up in prison. I say to you now, my fellow-cltizns. that it there is not a stop put to this there will eventually be no voting none in tois country, except oy tne power which control tue elections, or by Its friends. The acts of the Republican pirty during the last Congress ought tobe sufficient to alarm every hr.ntst man. They show what Its pur poses are. The Democrats, runng the extra session, made great efforts to repeal this election-supervising law, but tbey were defeated Lyme venoi tne president, iney were oppjsed at every s eptlil tbey lost hope of re pealing the law, but to despoil the act or its political effect and to k-en the law from be lüg used as tbe Instrument of a psr:y, tney sought to amend It. Th ir amendment provided tbat no more tban three persons should be appointed as Dc-putr Mar Mhais at any one voting place; that they should be divided between the political parties: tbat they should reside in the Distiict composing the voting place, and that they should lie men of honor and character. This amendment was voted against by all tbe Republicans in Congi ess, aud vetoed by the President when passed by tne votesof Democratic members o: Congress. Now, can we understand anything else tban this, namely, tbat tne Republican pany don't ant m nor good character as Mar shals: that they don't want men as Marshals who live In the voting Ward or rrecincr, ai d that they don't want fairness at the polls? But that they do want the law as it now Is, under the provisions f which the scum of the earth can be appointed to supervise bone-t voters and 1 moose upon them and insult tnem as they diu so many thousands of our forti inborn fellow-citizens in New otl City, nd be sustalr ed in such outrag-ous conduct by the army of the United States. Mr. Porter says in his speech that the doc trine of State rights and slavery we:. t down U gather with the rebellion. VeDemcrHt understood the war to be to maintain the rights of tbe Sta'es. Secession was against tte rights of the täte. It never was regmded as a state rights doctrine, except by a very lew. "he war was for the maintenance or tne Union, and not for tbe destruction of s avery, if Mr Lincoln Is tobe b-lieved. Slavery, he said, c-uld not be maintained, and the Union preserved, and, in order to preserve tue Union, be emancipated the slaves. It was a necessity. s be said, wbtch we Democrats in-dor-td. No man In Indiana, or but few, would bave shouldered a musket and weut into the war to destroy the rights of the States, as Mr. Porter says, or to liberate the slaves either. ir that was tne resi purpose oi xne war, tne people or this country were kept in ignorance of It, and knew but little of what they were fighting ror. General J -ickson was tbe first President who ever asserted tbe superiority of the laws of the Unl ed States ovei State laws, in the case ot South Carolina, where she sought to nullify a law passed by Congress, he asserted the supremacy of the latter, and was colng to maintain it, n necessary, ny tne army otine United States. He acknowledged the right ot a State to petition for repress, and to carry the que tlon to tbe Courts, but denied her right to nuuiry a law oi congress. REPUBLICANS ADCPT THE EXPLODED DOCTRINES ' OF THE FEDERALISTS UNDER HAMILTON. The Republican party has siown their contempt tor State lines and State laws, as tire original Federalists, besded by Alexander Hamilton, expressed theirs, ine leaders or the Republican party sav they want a strong Government, with all power in the Federal Government. S did the r-eder-ulsts ot long ago, headed by Hamilton. Mr. Hamilton, In the National Constitutional Convention, on the 18th day of June, l.ys, said : M We must es'abiish a general and isationsl Government, and annihliiate tbe Siatecls tlnctions and State opera ions; and unless we d t his, no good purpose can be answ red." fie said also: "Let one body of tbe Legislature be con stituted during good behavior or life. Let one executive be appointed for life) who dares execute bis powers. All State laws to be absolutely void, which con travene the general law. An officer to be appointed la eacn State to have a negative on all State law. All tbe miiltla and the ap pointment ol officers to be under the National Government. . The people are grad ually ripening in their oplulOLS of Government; tbey begin o tire of an excess of Democracy " Yatkes debates of the Convention, p-ges 13M37. Fellow clMzms, compare the views expressed bv Mr Hamilton, the leader of the old Federalist oart y. with the pi actions of the Republi can party in the Southern States, and polt t out the diarence. THE BONDED DEBT CHANGED AND MADE PERMANENT. Leading Republicans and their candidate for Governor claim much credit for tbe management of the bonded debt of the country. They bave managed tbat debt so as to consolidate the wealth ot the country in tbe hands of tbe few, as tbey bave managed to concentrate the political power of the States In tbe hinds of the Federal Government. The thousands that have been bankrupted and tbe tens of thousands of tramps made by them, hold their policy In contempt. During the war the very wildest schemes of Inflation were adopted, and values were greatly enhanced by such inflation. The war debt was made at least twice as large as it would have been had it been conducted upon a gold basts. Our bonds were issued and exchanged for this depreciated money. Designing men in tne . Republican party designingly depreciated them. Greenbacks, wheat first Issued, were convertible into 6-a) bonds, which would nave kept tnem or equal value wlih the bor ds, but eeiog tbat the Kepubll can party repealed the- law, although they never i et used to take that depreciated money for tne Donas. After the bonds bad been bought with tbe depreciated money nothing couid be gained by keeping it depreciated, and their next effort was to appreciate it by contraction. We Democrats opposed that, and in 1868 declared In favor of paying off the bonded debt In greenbacks the money, and the only money, we got tor them unless the law under whica they were Issued, or the bonds themselves. provided otherwise. This alarmed tbe friends cf the concentration of wealth, aud tbey hastily passet a lsw through congress declar ing that the bonded debt of the country should be paid in coin rauea tne laworibm Mr Garfield supported tbat law. and when in the Foity-fourtu Congress a resolution was of fered In the House of Representatives declar ing thst So,U00f00 bad been spent on the floor ot Cong ess to secure I he pasige ofthatlaw. Mr. Uarfield was one of the first men to take tbe floor against tbe passage of the resolution, tne resolution asked ror an investigation. He wanted no investigation. Five millions of dollars was nothing com pared with tbe enormous am unt made by speculators by tne passage or tnat law. sena tor Morton, of Indiana, made a grand speech agalDst the law, and voted against it. He de nounced it aa being in tne ns- ure or a new contract, and as a bull movement to Increase the value of our bonds abroad. He insist d if they meant a new contract to say so, meaning that under the old contract it was clear i hey nontd ha nald in greenbacks Thev were then worth 30 per cent, less shan coin. No less tban l5dUJ",0Ou was made by the passage oftbat act By whom made? By those who held the bonds? Whom was it made off of ? Those who had them to pay the laborers of the conn try the creators of all the wealth they

were tbe men who s'uoaidered tbat burden. Yet our Republican fi lei ds and tbeir candi

date for Governor say tbey are the special inenas or the laboring man! He Insists that the Republican party baa ever b-en the friend of laboring men. 1 dety mm to point out a sirgie act or tnat pany wnicn has not been in the interest of the capitalists of the country, against tbe laboring maa. whenever their luterests were opposed. Let him point to one, if he can. Tbe army of tbe eonntrvwaa romrwuvt of laboring men, -and they have a particular fondness for tbe soldier candidate whenever aa election Is approaching; but whe&ever soldiershave asked that their services shall be recognized, as they did in asking Oongrr-Ri that their bounties should be equa'lzed, tiiat measure received us oeaui-Diow at the bands of a Republican President. No measure in the interest of the -boua holder was ever v. toed oy blm. Toe law to increase bis own salary t25,0ou a year was readily signed by him. I voted when In Congress in favor of equalizing these bounties, aud I did it on principle. A Government like ours needs no standing army. If laws a-e made fair and bonoraMe tbey can be enforced without an army. We only need an array whea we are Invaded, or wnen mere is a great insurrection at home. We rely on the fields and shorn lor an armv. and tbe Govern rueut t ugot to treat an army so called Into sc-rvlce in such a way that there never win oe any aouot about our getting an army at the first tap ef the drum. Ti e men wno went into me army first were paid the leat. I wont ttu.t equalized, as an encourageufji to volunteering ner-auei. we can s Hard to be liberal with our soldiers, as we havethem only when needed. Tbey are not quarten d on the country in time of peace, or ought not to be. But to return to the bonded debt the Repub lican leaders claim so much credit for. They were not satisfied with the legislation o; hyft. The bonds and the law ander which tbey were issued were still against tnem, as no provision was ma le for coin payment; hence the necessity for the law of 1870, which provided for the reissue of new bonds payable In coin. The law provided they were to be payable In 0"ln of the standard value tbat then existed. which was 25 8 10 grains of gold, or 4J2S grains of sliver to the dollar. The old bonds have btjen taken up, and this new bond, with its coin provision, baa been substituted and the question has beeu settled by the Republican tarty, mat party has placed Rent lie'.y out of the reach ot legislation now, and all that w can do 1.4 to denoui ce It for its management of tne puonc aDt in the interest or the bondbolder snd against the laborer and producer, thus saddle I ng upon tue country fur generatioos to come the burden of an enormous debt and forcing Us payment in p ir money. wnen we got mooey ineretor not worth cW cents on the dollar. Had the volume of currency of the country remained at what it was when tne war closed (it never would have beeu worso tban during the war), and the taxes remained as they were, we could have hud tbe dtbt palu OH U ng before this, nnd been back to as soun-i a basis as we are now, with no debt upon us The currency has been contracted, the money has been brought to par and tbe debt has beeu left hanging over ns like a millstone around our necks: We can not escape legislation that has been enacted: we must accept legislation as it is, and deal with existing f nets. THE CCREEXCY QUESTION. Under existing circumstances our platform is right: that we are in favor of money golc. silver and paper issued by the Government. Tbe third i esolution ol our platform declares that the coin aud paper money oi the country should be of universal value and readily con vertible, and should have ac great purchasing power as the nioaey of other first class com mercial countries of tbe world, and tbat paper money, like tne coin, snouia De furnished by the United States.and should not be in excess of such quan lty as will be, and remain always at pa. with coin. Mr. scnurz, in ms lata speech in Indianapo lis, draws a contrast between tbe Republican candidate for Governor in this State and myself. He says I am one of the leaders of ibe wildest Id flatloa movements, and one or tbe most vociferous advocates of tbe repeal of the Resumption act l nave stated to you, gentlemen, tue purpose for which 1 wished to use the Inflated curaency giveu us by the Repab llcan party. 1 wished to pay off the debt, as 1 stated, in money of tbe kind received. Tbat Eurpose has beeu put out or our power, as i ave also stated, by tbe Republican party. The debt being tundtd in those new bonds, noman has since heard me advocate in nation, xne currency had been Inflated by the Republican party, and l opposed contraction till we paid off the debt, lue resumption law provided for contraction and 1 opposed it. as ae says, for I was opposed to retiring the greenbacks as provided by that law. w nerv Mr. scnurz asks, 'would our prosperity be, hd he and his followers prevailed?' I answer: We have prevailed; our policy is to day the policy of tbe Government and tbe country. We have defeated the execution of tne resumption law, as provided Dy tne law itself. The destruction of the greenbacks as a currency was the object of tbe law, and that belüg dereatea, we nave accomplished our purpose. We have the greenbacks with ns, notwithstanding the resumption law; and we have them because of Democratic legislation because of a law passed by the Democratic party for the reissue of greenbacks, instead of destroying them when redeemed under the resumption law. This Democratic law is entitled, "An act to forbid the farther retirement of United States legal tender notes;" but In a suit now pend ng in tbe United States Cou t8. managed by Republican leaders, they expect to get a declsiou declaring it unconstitutional. The resolution In onr platform has ever been my doctrine lor a sound business policy; and we are now looking to nothing else but business. We bave beeu brought to that by contraction, and tbe debt placed out of our reach for payment, as I have stated, In any otber way than with coin. Gold, saver and paper IsHued by the Government is the policy of tbe Democratic party to-day, and baa ever beeu my policy,except when we bad been carried so far from it by the Republican party, and such an immense debt piled upon us twice as iarae aa It won d bave been bad It not been for a deviatlou from that policy. Tbe policy of the Republican party was ever d fferent from mine and from the Democratic party. Its policy was to go back to resumption upou a gold basis aud have nothing but gold money. The Republican party having demonetized sliver in 1873 and passed a res'impt ion law for the retlieraent of greenbacks in 187 we Democrats ssld, as has been charged by Mr. Porter and other Republican speakers, that to go back to a gold basis, retiring greenbacks with no silver in circulation, waa nothing but bankruptcy to tbe entire country, or. ai least, or that portion of It in debt. And while tbe policy of tbe Republican party remained as the policy of tne couu try there never waa such a recoid of bankruptcy known in tbe history of the world. Every man of feeling was shocked ; tbe business of the country was paralyzed, and the money tbat we bad was kept close In reserve, except when used to buy property at still lower rates. It mattered not how low the rate was, it was expected to be less. I can give you some Idea of the bankruptcy and lofs and ruin done by this Republican polier, by reference to R G. Dunn & Co.'s commercial reports, that firm being one ot the principal commercial agencies in the country Tney give a list of failures in the United states from 1872 to 1877. in tbe aggregate, aa follows: Number ol lallures, 4u,77t; total liabilities, J1.0S7 ,t2,U7 And these immense ngures are but a Iraction of the sum to alof disasters tbat bave fallen npon tbe country. Tbe recorded llabllltes of those who went down beneath the curse of Republican financiering while undertaking the course ot contraction, rurnisbes meage data upon which to predicate a satisfactory estimate or other losses, the sura total of which, by those most familiar with the sub Jrctof shrinkage in the valiin of real estate, is eatimated at 40 per cent., or 112 OiO.OOi'.i-OO The 1 Of sustained by throwing at leat 8, UJ.ttW of working people out of employment Is not less tnan 7,u u,uou,uuu. Ana tms cruel war wagea ny tbe Republican party upon the materia' pros perltyof our country was checked by Democratic legislation. If we bad looked exciuMvely to party considerations we would not have checked it; but locking only to the interests of tbe country at large, we felt bound, as honorable men, to check up a policy that was ruining the country, antiougi Republican demagogues may claim the err dit forlt. Mr. scna-z. even, cialins that tne pros perlty of the country is due to Republican policy. I have bown what the IUpubii'an rolicy has led to. Mr. Porterls also loud in similar claims, and I p esums the smaller Ugh 's I" Ms party will follow, and 6et up the same taims. REISSUE OF GREENBACKS INSTEAD 3T THEIR ' RETIREMENT.. - Mr. Porter ava' th Ttoonrilfcan nartv brought tbe old greenback to par. He says tbat was what you wanted. 1 admit that was ' what you wanted, but had it not, Been for the ' Democratic legislation which I have referred

to, In passing a law for tbe reissue of greenbacks, what would von have bad? Yon wonld

have had the ashes tbe greenbacks would bave made Instead of the greenbacks them. elves. The Republican law provided for tbeir redemption and their retirement, but tbe Democratic law provided lor their reissue, thus stopping the depreciation of property. Republicans will no donbt say but few greenbacks bave been offer. ed for redemption, and therefore but few of them would have went to ashea under tbeir law. But suppose tbe policy of tbe Republican party bad been carried out the using from greenbacks their legal tender quality; being then no longer useful as money and bearing no interest , they wonld have come In rapidly for redemption and been as rapidly destroyed. Two of tbe prominent Presidential candidates before the Chicago Convention recommended taking from the greenback Its legal tender quality. I now read from General Grant's message, Seeon Session, Forty-fourth Congress. He said: lt will be a source of gratification to ma to be able to approve any measure of Congress looking effectively toward secnrlna- rMtimn tlon." 1 want yon to bear in mind his languagelooking effectively toward securing resump tion." This Is his object. He say s further: "There are a few measures which seem to me important In this connection and which I commend to your earnest consideration. A repeal of so much of tbe legal tender act as maxes those notes receivable for debts contracted after a date to be fixed in the act itself. say not later than the 1st of January, 1877." Notice tbe effect be states tbis wonld nave whre he says: "We wou d have quotations at real values, not fictitious ones, end gold would discount.'' He understood the fleet oftbi measure. It was to put greenbacks down. That was the Idea. And when put down he then provides a means for bringing tbem lnt the Treasury. His second proposition ia. that the Secretary or tbe Treasury shall be autboiIzed to redeem, say not to exceed 2,0 0,000 monthly or legal tender, bv Issuing In their stead a long bond bearing Interest at tbe rate ot 3.6 per cent, per annum of tne denomina tions ranging from tw to ll,uuu each. I ask you as intelligent Democrats and Re publicans, does this look like bringing tbe greenback to par, or does it look like bringing tnem to asnes, as i stated 7 And John Sherman. In his lata report as Secretary of the Treasury of the United State.;, recommended tne taking Irom the greenback its legal tender quality. But Mr. Hayes' re commendations were the most remarkable. He says in bis late message that he wants more stability in tbe paper money of tbe country, and in order to have it he recom mends tbe taking from greenbacks their legal tender quality. His conclusions as to tbe effect ot taking from tbem their legal ten der quality were the most remarkable. General Grant insisted that that would depreciate tbem. and all other men well posted upon the subject so understood it. If Mr. Hayes does not understand this be Is lacking In financial Judgment, and if be does understand it we mast say that he is chargeable with playing the demagogue. It is very remarkable, gentlemen, that, in view of all these facts I bave brought to your attention, my competitor, Mr. Porter, before an intelligent audience In my own city, boldly asserted tbat the Republican party had broaght the old greenback up to par. I was shocked and astounded at the declaration, as much as he professed to be at the magnitude of his crowd on tbat occasion to hear such a declaration from the representative of a party that had made such a persistent war upon that money. HOW BC6INESS WAS REVIVED. I am willing the maoagers of the Republi can party should have all the credit tbey ara entitled to. iney nave managed tne punuo debt, and I have shown how tbey managed it, as I bave shown how we checked their de struction of values and tbeir paralyzation of tbe business interests of tne country wuen we said that no more greenbacks should be destroyed. Intelligent men po sessed of capital said to themselves: -we will nave no les value in commodities; we will commence buying again." The manufacturer said: will kindle my fires for the destruction of values brought about by tne itepuDucan party is now checked, mere win oe no less vaiuo. I can go to work, for we are now at the bot tom." And it was that act of the Democratic party which revived confidence In the minds of moneyed men and restored the industries of tbe country. We claim nothing but what we are Justly entitled to, and we are resolved. In this canvass, to pat to flight any demagogue we meet who sets up this false claim: That to the Kerub ican party we are Indebted for tbe return of prosperity to the country. While Republican policy was being carried oat were was nothing but destruction ana par&iyzatioa until we checaea it. THE SILVER DOLLAR REM0S ETIZED. Another case as remarkable and as astooDd lng is the claim set up by Mr. Porter that tbe Republican pany Drougut tne suver uoiiar irorn Its biding place. The silver dollar was tbe unit of value from the days of Washington until 1873. It never had been changed a parti cle as to the amount or pore silver in tne dol lar. It contained 371 grains of pare silver wnen nrst coined by Alexander namiiton. it contains that now. As I bave stated to you, the legislation of the Republican party has always been in the interest of the few at tbe expense of the many, and Its leaders were not satisfied in changing our bonded debt into a coin debt, bat tbey set up hue and cry tbat we must bave bat one standard of value. They insisted that tbe double standard of value established oy wasnington ana uamii ton was fa,se and should not be maintained I admit there bave been many things false about tbis standard. I am of opinion tbat gold aud silver bave a more uniform value than any otber commodity; but tbe claim that they have a fixed value I never did Indorse since I have examined tbe question. The cause of tbeir steady value consists prlncl pally In the fact of their being adopted as money by the various Governments of the world and the standard nxea ny law ior tnem. The fact of their being tnns adopted aa money by the various Governments of the world is the strongest reason why we should adopt tbem as money, because our exports are.very large. I once tried to exposs this false theory of there being a fixed value for gold and silver. When 1 first brought forward tbe measure In Washington for the remonetlzation of tbe silver dollar it was violently opposed ; and I found Dr. Llnderman, the Manager of the Mint, was giving my measure all the opposition that could possibly be brought to bear against It. I studied out a proposition.whicb.asl tbonght, would expose the fallacy of the theory of fixed value. They were claiming that siiver was an article that fluctuated very much, although they onoe claimed it had aa fixed a value as gold. After the Republican party demonetized it in 1873, It declined In value, and the argument was then loet. On one occasion 1 met the Doctor and said to blm tbat I was very much annoyed with a question connected with coinage, and would be much pleased M be could explain it to me. He said he would do so with the greatest pleasure. I said, suppose you bad two tape lines precisely of the same length made to measure space, and had nothing to compare your lines with but themselves; they would pass into use, but after some years you bring them together and find they differed In length. Now, said I, how wou'd you determine which had changec Us length, or whether one bad contracted or the otber expanded? After hanging his head for some minutes he replied: "By God, sir, there is no answer for such a question; there is no way to determine that.1' ell, sir, said I, I want to know why it Is you and others claim that gold bas tbis fixed value, and that silver has depreciated. Tbe Government the same year made to 8 10 grains of gold, or 412JJ grains of silver to be a dollar. Tne market value at tbat time was the same. Now they have got apa.i t, and there Is a difference probably of fliteen cents. Why, sir, do you say that sliver baa depreciated aud gold bas retained its origin! value? Is there not as mach argument to show that goid nas Increased In value as there is that silver has depreciated? He said : "That is a question we settle by comparing gold with the real estate of the country." Said 1, sir, that will not do, for the real estate of this ountry has depreciated far moie than you say silver has, and the value of silver t re l estate bears much nearer the same proportion than does gold to real estate. And, said I, every sere ot land in the West can be bought with the silver dollar at the same price that once the owners could have sold it for gold dollars. The demonetizing of the silver dollar in 1873 was still further to aid the bondholders of the country In securing to themselves a dollar of more value. By demonetizing silver tbe bonds were afterward payable in gold, as there was nooiher cola. Seeing this great outrage npon tbe rights ol the people, and seeing tbat It was tbe only thing we could do to aid tbem In the payment ot that debt the Republican party having declared by law that It should be a

coin debt I brought forward a raeaonre to temonetixe the standard silver dollar. Leading Repub.icans fought th.t mea-ure with more bitterness than anv tnat ev-r , t.rv.i.o!,

before Congress. within my recollection. The bondholder's kdvcc-ies ou the floor of Congress were exceedingly bitter, and to show tbeir bitterness, and- also to show that this claim of the Remit, mn mrr. mnri of Mr. Porter lor tbe Repuollcau party, tbat It wious.uk luotuyci uuimr irom us uiülug place, lswithoutajtartic.eof foundaiion. and right In the face ot facts that evm i- r-..:.irf chboi boy In tne country wia understand. uameiy . xuai tue rwpuoiican party is and bas been the violent enemy ot the suver dollar; tne Repnblicaa party have nomluaiexl a man lor President who opposed that measure with all the ability he possessed. I now read from a speech made by General Garfield in the aeoaieontuai question, that thecouutry may know what views lie theu enieruinui the remonetlzation of silver: l read from the Congressional Record of inna 28, 187 d. Tbe question under discussion was a V. u "sue or subsidiary btiver coin, and Mr. Randall, of Pennsylvania, was managing the debate. The extract I wish to read is as follows: Mr. RandaJ l yield to tbe gentleman from Indiana fMr. Landers, that he may offer an amendment, upon which he desires to test toe sense oi the House. After thst amendment is offered I shall ask the previous question. Mr. Landers, of Icd!ana-I move to arrtend the proposed amendment by adding the following: "And it Is further piovided. That the Secretary of tbe Treasury is directed toauthorize tbe coinage of tbe standard silver dollar of the same weight and linem-Hs in uk Januarv 1, 1861. and said dollar snail be a egal tender lh payment of all debts, publlo and private." The vote upon the amendment was yeas 111, nay s 66. ' While discussing this measure for the remonetlzation of the silver dollar, or, In other words, the bringing of it from lta hiding place, in a speech against tbe measure, whlcn may be found in the Congressional Recoid of the Forty fourth Congress, flis,t session, volume 4, part 5, page 4,5ti. Mr. Garfield said : -By the proponed measure one-flfth or the enormous aggregate oi pucne and private debts can be wiped out as with a sponge, lhla Nation owes S2,10n,tXJO,0ii0and piivate citizens of the United States piobably owe 2,50u.0uO.uu0, possibly more. At the present moment the relation or debtor and creditor in tne United States Involves nearly 15.000,000.000. It Is proposed by the amendment ol ibe gentleman from Indiana (Mr. lenders) that at one fell stroke one filth of ail this enormous sum shall be wiped out, repudiated, and that this process shall be called bon-t legis'atlon. Since I have been in public life I have never known any proposition tbat contained so many of the essential elements of vast rascality, of col ossal swindling as this. I do not charge tbat is tbe purp.-se of tue gentlemau; but such, in my Judgment, is tbe em ct t.f the amendment proposed. But side from tbe political ethics involved lu this scheme, we should consider ltsefiects upon the business of thecouutry. Gent. emeu may rememb r the financial shoe of 1K7, the later shock r.f 1857, aud tnat still later of 17'. Conceive them ail united in one vast crash and the financial ruin, the overthrew of business, would be lig'it in comparison with the ,bock which would follow, ir the principle here imposed were adopted. put in operation tbe provision now suggested, and all our goid coin will leave the country as fast as it can be carried abroad." You will now see, gentlemen, tbat my statement, as far as Mr. Gai field is concerned, is correct. He is looking after tbe interest rf the creditor and says tbat I l.OO.oun.OK) of the indebtedness of the count r would be wiped out at once as with a sponge. 1 bave shown you, as far as the Nations,, indebtedness is concerned, that your indebtedness was inert astd no less than ti,uo,uuu or K).0u0,ui0, and yoa see here now. instead of giving tbe debtor class the tene fit ot the remonettziDgof sliver, Mr. Gat be d ws Insisting that the creditor was to be robbed of it. fwant yoa to reflect for one moment as to the practical working oftbts measure It is claimed by Mr. Porter, and by other Republican speakers, that the Republican party brought the silver dollar from it-i hiJiug-p ace, and also brought tbe gieeuback to par, and that tbe prosperity of the country followed. 1 admit that prosperity followed, but I trust I have shown you to whem you are it de bud for tne bringing of those measures forward which brought prosperity to the country. I want to call your attention now io the p ediclion made by Mr. Garfield, that the shock to business wonld be greater than the combined panics of lb37, 1857 and 1873. Have you felt It? Mr. Porter now claims that tbis measure was tbe one that restored confilerce and tbat revived business. M r Gai field said it would destroy business. I want, you lo notice the prediction of Mr. Garfield as to the effect of this measure, provided it was adopted. He said put in operation the provisions now suggested, and all onr gold coin will leave the country as fast as it can be carried abroad. Tbe provisions were put in Just as suggested by tbe passage of a law February 28, 1878, over tbe President's veto and the vote of Mr Garfield against it two thirds of both Houses of Congress voting for It-and Mr. Porter, In bis speecb. now claims that gold and silver bave accumulated until we have f4co,000,0o0 m tbe country. What do yoa think of Mr. Garfield as a financial prophet? This measure that was to bankrupt tr-e country, according to Mr. Garfield, is now claimed by leaders of tbe Republican prty as having been adopted by it, and tbat it hat saved the country! They must think that tbe recollection ol man is very short. I tell you they will find, before they get through with this canv:iss, tbat there Is more intelligence among the masses than they tbougbt ior. Tbe people will know who to give Credit to for the measures that revived the drooping Interests of this country. And I now say to my competitor tbat 1 defy htm to point to any financial measure of bis party which is being carried out to day the first one of Kepub.lcan origin I mean. Tbe Democratic party bas relieved the conntry from some of tne most odious legislation enacted by the Republican party before we came Into power In the balls of Congress. Republican leaders are as bold In their claims for the credit of measures brought forward hy tbe Democracy for the betterment of tbe condition of the country, and opposed at every step by the Republican party, as Satan was when be called Christ np on a high mountain, and claiming to own the s whole world, proposed to give It to him if He wonld fall down and worship blm. The claim of Mr. Porter, and others ot the Republican -party, to this financial policy has as Iii tie foundation In fact as tbe culm o' Satan to the different kingdoms he proposed to give away; and if the great mass or the people only had a little of the wisdom tbat Christ had tbey would see through tbis fraudulent scheme and scout the claimant, and say as Christ said to the devil, "Get thee behind me, Sat.n." THE LORD AND THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY HAVE REVIVED BUSINESS AND CHECKED BANKRUPTCY I trust that I have not only shown yoa, but that I have convinced you, so far as flnano al measures have had anything to do with restoring con Oder ce in commercial circles and reviving the par; alyzed Industries ot the country, that the credit belongs to the Democratic party. Bat tbe fact is the good Lord bas bad more to do with reviving tbe industries of tbis country, starting up the shops, and bringing our paper money np to par, tban all tbe policies ol all tbe political parties combined. He bas blessed ns with abundant crops, and the crops across the water being blighte 1 for several seasons, we bave rec-ived lair and reasonable prices for our products The balance of trade has been in our favor, and tbe gold has been brought to us because it belonged to ns on balanc. And Inasmuch as we hope to have a continuance of His Infinite favors, we must not forget to give Him the credit that belongs to Him. THE EBB AND FLOW OF GOLD ACCOUNTED FOB, Mr. Garfield said that gold wou d leave tbe country as fast as it could be carried away if we remonetized silver. Mr. Porter said that gold nad been banished by tbe cheapening of greenbacks, and found its hiding place beyond tue sea, and came back when our money became par. As each of these gentlemen are at Wie bead of a great party, one in tbe United Statesand the other in this State, it wouid be information to tbe people ot this count-y if either of them would show how gold c jnld get oat of this country while tbe balance of trade is in our favor, and what law could be passed to keep it here if we owed it to others. This is information which I myself would be pleased to have, and I know many others would be equally as weil. Gold and sliver form tbe basis of exchange between Governments, and when the citizens of one Government sell more to another t han they buy, the goid belongs to the sei er, and it goes in payment of tbe balance due; bat when tbe people of one country buy more than they sell, then the gold must go to pay the debt due to the citizens of tbe country they trade with. Let the people of this country banish the idea,

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