Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 28, Number 9, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 March 1880 — Page 9

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 3, 1880-SUPPLEMENT

"WEDNESDAY, MARCH 3.

, It is Intimated thet Roscoe and Don will not be able to d liver their Grant goods, promised at the New York and Fennsylvan'a con yen Hons, In rood order at Chicago. Aff EARLY CAMPAIQ5 LIE. To the Editor or the Reutluel : biB It I reported here by Republicans that our candidate f . r governor, Hon. L-tudn-s, made a secret aDd unfair compromise of bis debt a yea or two ago. by whicti he unjustly oom polled o is creditors to acc-pt. about 40 ceuts on tue dollar and release bitn While we cl not ' believe tbe report, we are anxious to be abl 10 contradict It intelligent y. W know of one wbo la a candidate tor nomination on the Republican ticket wbo did tii 1 Identic 1 thing, tat we don't want any such men on oar ticKt-u Will you plette give the fact in your valuable - daily at ouce, aud reatly oMlfte Many Democrats. Greensburg, Ind , Feb. 23. Of course there Is no truth in the above charge agaicst Mr. Landers. He never made any compromise with his creditors; has always paid 100 cents on the dollar, and we doubt not will always continue to do so. A large number of good men tave been compelled to compromise their debts, but Mr Landers is not one of them. lie is possessed of a goodly share of this world's goods, and is abundantly atla to pay his debts. If aDy Republican at Greensburg holds any of hia paper, we will undertake to fisd a purchaser for it at the lowest rate of discount current In this market. INDIANA IN TEE COMING CAMPAIGN. The Republican party iscorBp!etely rattled upon the subject of a presidential candi date. It is having a triangular fiht with Grant, Blaine and Sherman in the field, neither of whom can unite the party. Grant has nothing to run on but his military record, and for his services in the field he hss been more than rewardäd. Ills civil ser vice, while president, ia a corpse wticb, if dug up, wtll fill the land with an insuffer able stench of corruption; besides, the soldiers know that while he s-gned a bill to double his o-vn salary, he re ruse d to pisn a bill to equiliz3 the bounties of soldiers who fought his battles and rescued him from the Galena tan yard. Grant, it is well under stood, means tbe empire, centralization, des potism, and a revival of the sge of rings and wholesale stealing. Thousisds of Republi cans wont touch him. Blaice, if possible, is till more obj actionable. Ha is known to b a nil J, hot-heaJed fanatic, a bloody-shirt fool, and a creature as full of poison a a dungeon toai. He ij kuown to b9 a corrup tionist with a record vile to the last degree; and, if in the White H3U3i, would at once Inaugurate a policy of strife, for the sake of humiliating the South for the most despica ble purposes. He would, if he could, fill tbe South with carpetbaggers, and commission them to steal in the name of freedom and the Republican party. Blaine has a consid erable following, but everywhere the men who shout for Blaine are the most pestilent of the Republican rabbis, who know to more about patriotism than a woodebuck knows of theology, and care no more for the rights of States and of the peo pie than a burglar does for the rights of property. Sherman has all the mean ard contemptible traits which go to make up Grant and Blaine, with others si ill more n ecrable, peculiar to himself. Sherman doa not hesitate in carrying his points to take the responsibility and boldly enter the lit t of the most unscrupulous of political vil lams and bid for peijaries. Sherman is i Republican who utilizes every Vil.aincns force known to such monsters of im'quit as J. Madison Wells. Soerman knows tie value of lies and frauds and perjuries, aid with a royal disdain for truth and honesty, did not hesitate to ply his vocation of Dei iarv broker on the streets in open day. Ha offered Faderal offia for soul damning perjuries. Hayes delivers the goods, and Mrs Jenks bhi-a Sherman's way out of the wi!dernas. S ach is the brief outline of the men now promi neotly before the Republican prty fcr a nomination for president at Ca!cg. As a matter of course, there is wriggling in the ranks there is consternation. Either of the men naaied can be easily beaten by the Democratic party. They are all not only weak, but Id famous. Tneir records cou d scarcely be worse. The Republicans know thftj but the gods are making them mid, and they will be destroyed. St 11, the Rpubli can leaders, with an effrontery that shames the devil, Ulk about carrying Indiana. The Chicago Tribune says: The popular sentiment of Indiana ia entitled to the n.ost respectful consideration in the Re publican convention. Indiana is a doubtful State as wel' a New York. It la the one State the only 8tate to which the Republicans can turn in case the loss of New York be threatened. If the Republican sentlmeEt of Indiana be averse to the third-term n overrent, as tbe action of the district coaventiona certainly Indicates, then the National convention can not commit itself to the third teim Ilea wlthont Incurring the dacgerof losiig .votes enough to make Democratic success In that State certain. This danner does Dot exist In any other case. Washburn would probably poil a mach larger vote In Indiana than any other candidal could, b. car tie of the poweiful German support he would at ract to nUside; Blaine would undoubtedly poll the fall Republican vote; and If Urant 1 Dominated the Hoosler Republicans will do the best they ean for the ticket. There la strong faith In Indiana that Blaioe can curry the Htate, and a moral certainty that Washbarne wou!d sweeplt if the convention placed him on the track. It is well enough for Democrats to note the drift of Republican thought with regard to Indiana. Sherman baa no show in Indiana; his record is too vulnerable. Grant and third. termisra is not deeply rooted in thif 8tate, and. though considerable noise is made for Blaine, he has no abow. Manlfestlj;athere is a purpose to shelve Grant, Blaioe and 8hermen, ani trot out Wash bnrne; bat this will not b acoatnplisbed . Grant is to be the nominee, and with Grant Ot Blaine, the Tribune expresses tbe opin

ion, Indiana ia doubtful, but with Washburn e it is pretty certain for the Republi

can n. The Stats is to be usd to kill off Grant, B:lne acd Sherman, and to bring out Washburne. There ia no mistaking the fact that tbe Republican leaders are working bard to perfect their orgsnizttion in Indi ana. .Nor is it to be cisguisea mat in 1SS0, as in 1376, Indiana ia to be a battle ground of the first magnitude. It will be well fcr Democrats to make a note cf pasting events, and prepare early for the struggle. Indiana is Democratic It is not to be numbered with the doubtful States profiled always that supineness under tbe belief of invincibility does not work defeat. Organization, thorough compact solid organi zation now the demand, and bold, defiant and f raxessive work a supreme necessity. The Eldest Copy of the Scripture. Probably, In Kxlstance. Rochester Express. It was in 1850 that I met in Mobile, Ala., the owner of this Bible Dr. J. R. Whitherspoon, grandson of President Whitherspoon, one of the signers of the declaration of independence. The doctor was an educated gentleman, and urged me, if I ever came in the region of Greensboro, Ala., to be sure and call on him, and he would show me hia wonderful Bible; I was not slow to accept his invitation, and rode on horseback some dozen miles out of my way to see the greatest wonder of the age, of this kind of Took. I found the venerable doctor living elegantly on broad acres, and with tbe slaves ab -tit him, for he did not seem to think there was anything in his Bible against slavery, though his grandfather signed 'the declaration that "all men are created equal." The book was soon brough out from a careful keeping, and sure enough, though I had 6ccn for years the great Van Ess library, with Bibles having a chian attached that once held them to a pulpit, and the Bible of Philip Mclancthon, with his autograph, I had never seen any such Bible as this. I took it in my hand with awe, for it was written in the davs of Kinjr Alfrod. and bv a monk of Cornwall, England, be worked at it 40 years almost a lifetime and was evidently on the very finest of parchment, little inferior to satin. How such a finish could be put upon when the binding of the book was in oak board, tied with buckskin thongs, was a mystery and almost a contradiction. But more wonderful yet was the writing within. The pages were all ruled with great accuracy and written as uniformly in the lines of print, which was not then invented, for Rom oOO years lay between that old monk and Fau-t and Guttenberc. Thestvle was German text hand, and was an abbrevia tion from the ulgate of Jerome, made in the fourth century. The first chapter of every book was written with a large capital, of inimitable 'beauty and splendidly illuminated with red, blue and black ink, still in vivid letters, with no two of the capital letters precisely alike. Here was indeed a Dore before him of our age. Each chapter is divided into verses by a dot of red ink, though I do.not remember when "the venerable Bede' made hid division of Scriptures into chapters and verses. This dot of the Bible 1 speak or may have been the work of a subsequent ago. As to the size of the book, it was about that of an old Ainsworth Latin dictionary the kind that was mistaken for a Uible once by a family in Alabama, and brought out at the request of a colporteur, who wished to seo their Bible! This manuscript Bible of Whitherspoon contained all the books of the Old Testament except tbe 1 salms and the Apocrypha. Two chapters, the last of t j a. a i x v ievmcus ana me nrsi oi uinoers, containing the most splendid capital letters in the book, had been recently wantonly abstract' d or cut out, in the house of Dr. Whitherspoor.., by some bibliomaniac, who did not dare to steal the whole book. It contains, also, the whole of the New Testament, except tbe chapter where thedisputed text occurs, about the three who bear record in l leaven. In regard to the history ot this Bible, the doctor told me that it was found by a friend of his father among a lot of old books bought at auction for a song some L'Os and taken to a clergyman. Rev. Dr. McCalla, of South Carolina, as a book that the purchaser could not make head or tail of, and which m'n;bt De of value to gome book-learned roan. The clergyman readily gave him some half a dozen books for it from his library, such as could be easily "understood by the people, and the man as happy in the exchange. Dr. McCalla ceriainly was, for he had driven a sharp bargain, and bad a book that was worth, when first written, $2,500; and would be worth that now to any old book worm who deisreth not new books any more than new wine, "for he eaith the old is better." This heirloom barely escaped getting out of tho family line, for it was once loaned by Dr. Whitherspoon, but he had tbe forethought to put the borrower under written bonds to return it, and, the man dying, the' book was lent bv his widow to some third person, and finally found its way, as a treas ure, into some college Harvard, 1 think whence it was recovered, under a threat of a suit on the bond. I left the sight and handling of this most wonderful Bible of any in existence, perhaps, with many a longing, lingering look, but not till I had written its history very fully at the request and dictation of the venerable owner Do Too remember th Kurden Rate, WhT we parted so loug ago, Wben till moon was up aud the hoar was lt, And the planets were all aglow! Bradford Era. "Well, we just do. And what's more, we re not going to forget it in a hurry. V e remember standing there, just as you say, when the planets were all aglow; and we remember your dreamy blue eyes , and rippling laughter; and we remember, too, hearing tbe old clock on the church toll out 11, 12 and one, and still we lingered. And we remember we wore a light pair of trousers that night, and carried a small cane; and oh. can we ever forget how your stern, cruel father spoiled our dream. How he planted a No. 10 boot in a very tender spot; how our trousers ripped and cracked, and oh, how many stars we saw. And then the dogs came out, and your father said, "Sic him,' and bow we ran, and you fainted and it seemed as though the world was going through the small end of a horn. Yes, loved one, we remember it, and we remember that we didn't sit down on anything harder than a pillow for three weeks, and the doctor's bill for poultices took a month's salary. Indeed, we do remember it. But the subject is too painful. If you must ask us questions, please don't bring up the old time.

CURIOSITIES OF EATING.

Strange Animal Food Eaten by tbe World's People A Very Curious ;BiU of Faro to Select From Caterpillar, Lizard, Grub and Clay Kater. Boston Herald 1 Civilization has developed one thing in the eating habits of people which is worthy of note, and that is taste in the preparation and consumption of food. It is one of the glories of our American freedom that a boy who is brought up in the rough log cabin of the back country may develop into a cultivated gentleman or a rich merchant, and have esthetics on the brain, as well as the veriest palace-born prince ot Europe. He may even become a philanthropist, and tell people what they should or should not eat. lie may prefer beef lat to pert, fat in the pre paration of dishes for his table, and yet turn with loathing and horror from olemarganne. which is made from beef fat, because some microscopitt has found in some specimens of that product examined by him bacteria and other microscopic organisms supposed to be injurious to the system. He may dislike pork, and yet be fond of sausages. If he has traveled, he will tell of the real Bologna sausages, which are mado from the meat of asses. He will not drink water taken direct from Charles river. It is common river water, he will tell you, and full of microscopic life. But he will drink the same water after standing for a time in a reservoir, if it is drawn from the water pipe in his house. He fears to use vinegar or syrup, or to wash with soap made of common fat. They may be impure and injurious. If you tell him that glucose is harmless, he will look at you as a heathen, not knowing that all starch taken into the stomach is first changed into glucose in the process of digestion. He is very fond of honey, and yet honey is quite largely composed of glucose or grape sugar. He will tell you, with a smack of his lips (that is, if lip-smacking is aesthetic,) of the days when he went gypsying down South, and had FXACII AND IIOXET every day, and two or three times a- day. Tickles are his aversion. He sees m every one a copper cent dissolved, and yet he will be apt to get more copper from his peach brandy than from the pickles of commerce. In meats he will not touch anything that has the least taint, and yet he will praiso the gunie at Binnk's hotel, which has been kept until age has mado the meat tender. He would look at you with blank astonishment if you suggested monkey flesh as an article of food, and yüt the Chinese (who are the most civilized people in the world) eat monkeys, as do also the natives of Ceylon, the East Indians, tho negroes and whites in Trinidad, Dyaks Borneo, the Africans of the Gold const. the Amazon Indians, and the aborigines of Spanish. Dutch and French Guianas. He may tell you that, of course, our Indians may et prairie wolves, skunks and otters, but they are not tethetic. But the Chinese are and thev eat cats and dogs. There is an old story told" of a missionary who once dined with an aesthetic Chinaman. A diah came on the table, and the missionary, suspecting it was feline, said to the Chinaman, "Meaow?" A shake of the bead was the reply, and the word: "Bow-wow!" During the last siege of Paris it Is said that o,000 cats were eaten. A young cat it was found, tasted like a squirrel, but was tendered and sweeter. After the cats in question were devoured in Paris they had peace at night. "Would that cat eating become aesthetic in America! Dogs are also eaten by the New Zealanders, the South Sea islanders and some African tribes, and during the siege of Paris 1,200 canines were butchered, and their flesh sold for from two to three francs per pound in the market. Bow-wow 1 According to Tliny, puppies were regarded a3 a great delicacy by the Roman gouarmands. Tho bear is still eaten in Europe and America, and the lion in Africa. Our sRsthesic friend would no doubt turn up his nose at the hedgehog, and yet it is regarded as a princely dish in Baroary, and is eaten in Sp.tin and by the Indians of North America. Kangaroos furnish favorite meat in Australia and the opossum is (Uten in America, Australia, and the Indian Ulands. Th3 coon as well as the 'possum is a nocturnal animal, and both are bunted in the Southern States with as much gusto as they were eaten when baked in the pan of our daddies with sweet potatoes. Seals are eaten by Greenlanders, Esquimaux and other unx'sthetic people, as is also the blubber and flesh ot the wbale . and narwhal The flesh of the porpoise is said so be a great dainty with the blubber-eaters, who quaff its oil as the most delicious of draughts, Our friend will, perhaps, be disgusted to know that mice and rats are eaten in Asia, Africa, Australia and New Zealand, and are considered delicate morsals. The taste of rats is said to be like that of birds. The Chinese are very partial to rats,.and, DCRINO THE SIEGE OF PARIS, mice and rats made some of tho most delicious restaurant dishes. Squirrels are eaten in Australia by the natives, in Sweden, Nor way, and in Amarica. In the Southern States the natives learn to be expert riflemen by practicing shooting squirrels on tree tops. The camel is eaten in Africa, the musk ox and raindeer in Sideria and other ex treme northern countries. The flesh of the horse, dear aesthetic friend, is eaten largely by various nations. The Indian horsemen of the South American pampas live entirely on the flesh of their mares, and eat neither bread, fruit nor vegetables. Horse flesh is eaten by the Jakuts of northern Siberia, the lartars and natives of South America. Mr, Bicknell, in his paper on "The Horse as Food for Man. mentions lo European State, besides France, where horseflesh is eaten. The Icelanders practiced hippopbagy since the eighth century. The Russians have always eaten horses, and in Denmark the people returned to the customs of their forefathers in 1807. "Wurtenburg was the first of the German States to adopt the practice, and commenced it in ltll. Bava ria, Baden, Hanover, Bohemia, Saxon v. Austria and Prussia followed in subsequent yean. Hippophagy was first advocated in France in 178G, by Geraud, the distinguished physician. According to Pliny the Romans at one time ate the ass, and the wild ass is in great esteem among the Persians, who consider it as equal to venison. The elephant is eaten in Abyssinia and other parts of Africa, also in öutnatra. ur. Liv mgstone wrote ot elephant food: "We had the toot cooked for breakfast, and found it delicious. It is a whitish mass, slightly Gelatinous, and sweet, like marrow. ' Elephant's tongue and trunk are also good." The rhinoceros is eaten in Abys tinia. and by sour.' of the Dutch settlers in the Cape colony, and is highly esteemed. The American Indian thinks the flesh of the tapir equal to beef. The flesh of the bippol

potamus is eaten by Abyssinians and not tentots, and is said to be very good. And now we fear our esthetic friend will faint

but truth compels us to say that tbe entrails of animals are consumed by the aborigines ! or Australia, and the Hottentots consider them the rnoet exquisite eating. Dr. DivingStone writes: "It is curious that this is tbe part that wild animals al ways begin with, and that it is also the first choice of our men." The Scoch peoplo to this day have a relic of this custom of unxsthetic eating in the haggis." The Zulus are said to be SO T05D or CABJOy, or decomposed flesh, with worms in it, that they use their word (ubomi) representing it as a synonym for their highest notion of happiness. Birds of nearly all kinds, from tde canary to the albatross, are eaten in dif ferent countries, though we have heard of no people eating tbe scavenger turkey buzzards of the South, and only one man who would eat crow. Ue was a boarding-house keeper in Lowell, and was indignant that his boarders complained of the toughness of the ancient chickens he served up to them. He couldn t see why they should grumble. For his part, he could eat crow. A boarder bet him a dollar that he could not eat crow, and procured one and had it roasted to test the matter. In roasting, however, a plentiful sprinkling of snuff was put upon the bird, and when it was placed upon the table it was finely browned. The boarders gathered around to see tbe landlord eat crow. I le sliced a piece of the breast and began to masticate it. Tears came into his eyes and his face became red, but he was bound to show them he could eat crow, and he swallowed the first mouthful with an effort. lie tried another,' but it was too much for him, and he rushed to the door. Returning in a few minutos, he said, while wiping the tears from his eyes: "Boys, I kin eat crowbut I'll be darned if I hanker arter it!" Not only are birds eaten, but birds' nests, of a gelatinous nature, made by a species of swallow, and found in the caverns on the seashore of the Eastern archipelego, are a much prized food in China. Xtizards are eaten by the Chinese, the Bushmen of Africa and natives of Australia. The iguana inhabits South America and the AVest Indies, where it is eaten. The crested basilisk, which is upward of three feet in length, is eaten by the inhabitants of Amboyna and the islands of the Indian archipelago. Its flesh is said to be as white and delicate as that of chicken. Snakes are eaten by tho Chinese, the natives of Australia and by thwe of many other countries. The crocidile is eaten and relished by the natives of parts of Africa and Australia. The American representative, the alligator, on the other hand is fond of pickaninnies and fat negroes. Frogs are a favorite dish not not only in France and other parts of Europe, but are a rare lish in America. Did you ever try a plate of frog's legs, Mr.Esthet? The toad is eaten in Africa. 25 tewed toads and snakes' livers are said to be a favorite dish with African princes, who have an idea that the give courage in war and resignation in defeat. Spiders aje eaten by African Bushmen and the people of New Caledonia, and SEVERAL SPECIES OT BEETLES are eaten by women of different nations in the belief that they will cause them to grow fat and become prolific in child-bearing. Grass-hoppers are eaten by the Bushmen and some of our American Indians, while locusts are eatenby the Persians, Egyptians, and Arabians, the BusLmen and America Indians. They are eaten ooin ireen anu sauea, ana nave a strongly vegetable taste, tbe flavor varying with the plants on which thny feed Th Arabs make a bread of them. They dry thera and grind them to powder, then mix this powder with water, forming them into round cakes, 'and bake them. "White ants are eaten by the natives oe Australia, and bees by various people, the .Moors in YV est Barbary esteeming the honeycomb with young bees in it as delicious. Moths of several varieties are eaten by the natives of Australia, as well as grubs of all kinds, ana the larvae of ants by the Bush men, lhe cicada, an insect ofthehomopt erous group, was eaten by the Greeks, and Pinto mentions a people who used flies as an article of food. Caterpillars were eaten by the ancient Romans, and are in high esti mation among the natives of South Africa; while the chyrsalis of the silkworm are eaten by the Chinese, as are also slugs. The vineyard snail is an aticle of use in Europe ana is iattenea witn great care in tne canton of Switzerland. Common garden snails are eaten in the Latin countries of Europe dur ing Lent. There are many other curious things eaten by the various people, Jlr. Esthet, but we will save your disgust, and oniy speak, in conclusion, ot the habit of earth or clay eating. Humboldt, on his re turn from tho Rio Negro, saw a tribe of Ottomacs who lived principally during the rainy season upon a fat, unctuous clay which they found in their district. This appears to have consisted of a red, earthy matter (hydrous sillicate of alumina) called bole. It is also eaten by the Japanese, after being mad into thin cakes called tanaampo, which are exposed for sale ana Dougnt by women to give them slenderness of form. A kind of earth known as bread-meal, which consists, fcr the most part, of the empty shells of minute infusorial animalcules, is still largely eaten in Northern Europe, and a similar substance, called MOUNTAIN-MEAL, has been used in North Germany in times of famine as a means of staying hunger. The "Wanyamwezi, atribelivingin Central Africa, eat clay in the intervals between meals, and prefer the clay ol ant-hills. The colored in habitants of Sierra .Leone also devour the red earth of which the ant-hills are composed. It has beon found that much of the clay eaten by many of tbe inhabitants of the torrid-zone is mere dirt, and has no alimentary value. One of the earliest notices of clay eating is given by Sir Samuel Argoll, with respect to Virginia, in 1G13. ,4In this journie," he says, "I likewise found a myne, of which I have sent atriall into England, and, likewise, a strange kind ot earth, the virtue whereof I kno'r not, but the Indians eat it for physicke, alleging that it cureth the sickness and paine of the belly." The poor whites of Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and some of the other Southern States, as well as negroes, are often addicted to this practice. The writer has seen parents teach their children of an age as tender as two years to chew tobacco in order to keep them from eating clay. The clay eaten South is mostly white in color. In Guinea tbe negroes eat a vellowish earth called cavnac. In the West Indies a white clay, like pipe clay, is eaten, which, it is said, the eaters prefer to spirits or tobacco. In 1751 a species of red earth, or yellowish tufa, is said to have been secretly sold in the markets of Martinique. So

widely spread is the depraved appetite for

dirt-eating, or "geophagie," that it is alleged to be one of the chief endemic disorders of all tropical America. The victims of the practice never appear tobe able to free themselves from the habit. Children, it is said, acquire it almost from the breast, and "wo men, as tney lie in bed. sleepless and restless. will pull out pieces of mud from the adjoin ing walls of their room to gratify their strange appetite, or will soothe a squalling brat by tempting it with a lump of the same material. A negro addicted to this propensity is considered to be irrevocably lost for any useful purpose, and seldom lives long. It is impossible to keep the victim from obtaining the injurious substance. Children who commence the practice early frequently decline and die in two or three years, and dropsy usually appears to be the common cause of dissolution. In other cases they may live to middle ao-e. but sooner or later dysentery supervenes and proves fatal. There that will do or the present. Our aesthetic friend must be thoroughly disgusted with the unaesthetic eating tastes and habits of so many of his fellowmortals, and let him thank his stars, while ho eats Crystal Spring farm poultry and Deerfoot farm butter and sausages at Parker's, that he is aesthetic among the aesthetic people. MEDICAL AND 8URGICAL NOTES. Cold as a Promoter of Mortality. The effect of low temperature on mortality was recently discussed by the Scottish Meteorological society, the statement being made among others that during December, January aad February the mortality in the case of females rises to 11.2 above the average, but to not more than 7.8 percent, among males. According to Dr. Buchanan, one ot the participants in this discussion, there are not sufficient data aa yet to decide how much of the excess is due to sex, how much to occupation, and how much say to their boots and other fashions. And further, he states that a comparison of the meteorological with the mortality returns shows in a striking manner the influence of particular types ol weather in largely increasing or diminishing tbe nuinber of deaths from particular disease?. Periods of unusual cold, for instance, combined with dampness, in the end of autumn, have a prportion ally .increased mortality from scarlet and typhoid fevers; of cold with dryness in spring, have an increased mortality from brain diseases and whooping-cough; of cold in winter, have an enormously increased fatality from all bronchial affections; and of heat in summer, present a startling, and, in many cases, an appalling death-rate from bowel complaints. Relation or the Liver to the General Ststem. Professor LeConte expresses his belief that the waste tissue is carried by the blood to the liver, and is there separated into liver-sugir and urea, or some snoetance which rapidly changes Into urea. Experiments made by Schiff support this theory by proving that venous blood is soon fatal to animals if the liver is tied, but if not so the liver if free to act, the poisoning being due to decomposed tissues in the blood. Combustion takes place in the capillaries of the tissues under the influence ol venous force, as the blood remains for a longer time in the capillaries of the tissue than in any other organ. The blood acts a3 a reservoir not only of oxygen but of focd, and, if waste, the food taken in to-day is not used to build up tissue to day, but is taken into circulation in the blood and the blood forms tissue and regenerates itsell from the supply of food so tissue wasted to-day is carried by the blood to the liver there decomposed into sugar and urea, and so eliminated perhaps the day after, or even longer. Physicians' Fees Regulated bt Law. The fees which physicians may charge in Prussia for their services is regulated by law and according to the most recent ordinance, the charge for a first visit to a sick person is fixed at two marks (23 cents standing for a mark;, and one mark for each subsequent visit; where, however, several persons belonging to the same family and dweling in the same house have to be treated at the same time, then, for the second and each succeeding person, only the half of those fees respectively is to be charged the same rule is to apply to boarding schools and similar institutions, also to prisons. When there is a consultation of several physicians about the treatment of a sick person, including their personal visits, each physician is to receive for the first consultation five marks, and three marks for each subsequent similar consulta tion. On the occasion of the first visit to the physician's residence for his medical advice, one mark and a half. For the administration of chloroform, etc., when necessary for the treatment of the patient, three marks. Electric Examination of the Bodt. An improvement in the application of the electric light to a speculum, so as to provide means ior a uireci illumination ana examination of the internal parts or cavities of the body as the urethra, bladder, larynx, esopnagus, stomacn, uterus, and outer auditory passage has been brought forward by a Dresden (laxony) inventor.' This method, and the instruments constructed for carrying it out, afford, it is alleged, the possibility ol producing the source of light into the internal parts or cavities themselves or examining the part directly, or its reflected image. Lenses, or lens systems, for enlarging the field of view may, it is stated, be employed in combination with the instruments. The source of light employed consists in aplantinum wire made incandescent by an electric current. The white heat of this wire is taken up and made harmless by means of a cold water current flowing along the current wire. Ttxdall's Definition of the Brain. The human brain, according to Professor Tyndall's recent definition, is the organized register of infinitely numerous experiences received during the evolution of life, or rather during the evolution of that series ot organisms through which the human organism has been reached; the effects of the most uniform and frequent of these experiences have been successively bequeathed, principal and interest, and have slowly mounted to that high intelligence which lies latent in the brain of the infant. Thus it happens, says Tyndall, that the European inherits from 20 to 30 cubic inches more of brain than the Papuan thus it happens that faculties, as of music, which scarcely exist in some inferior races, become congenital in those that are superior; thus, too, it happens that out of savages unable to count up to the number of their fingers, and speaking a language containing only nouns and verbs, arise at length Newtons and Shakespeares. "Wit loses its respect with the good when seen in company with malice; and to smile at the jest which plants a thorn in another's breast, is to become a principal in the mischief.

STANDPOINT.

XMILY THORNTON CHARLI3. (To Richard GraM White. Richard Grant White's condemnation of the eise of the word stand-point, may be answered by quoting his own language when alluding to the word. He savs, in his wjrk on "Words and Their uses, "Compounds of this kind are properly formed by the union of a substantive or participle used adjectively with a substantive." In the compound word stand-point we have a substantive stand," (it seems scarcely necessary to quote such phrases as, "He took his stand,") united to another substantive "point.'' Parallel words will be play-ground, wheat-field.vine-yard,etc.H is condemnation of the word as commonly used seems to arise altogether from the fact "that he looks upon the first member of the compound word (stand) as a verb, and loses sight of the fact that our language contains also a substantive in the same word. E. T. C.1 What Is a standpoint? now all mast acree; 'Tis tbe point wherever w happen to be. Where a scene meets tbe faze, or if sightless sod' blind Trom a standpoint Ideal we view with tbe mind. From an eartbly standpoint we look on the skies Or In fancy bright thoughts to tbe donds will arise. From this standpoint so glorions, wlta beaoty so fair. We gase on a world fall of trouble and care. Fiom a standpoint on deck, view the far away land, Glance o'er billowy seas from a point on the strand. From a standpoint of truth, see tbe pathway of right. From a standpoint of faith, hope's promising light. From a standpoint of justice endeavor to scan The motives aod acts of oar trail fv-llow-man; To Judge of bim kindly with charity's grace, Is to fancy one's self in the very same place. From a critics standpoint, we con a book; Fr-.m a standpoint of love, on natcr we look; From tbe standpoint. His footstool, we look up t? God, There submissively bow to bis chastening rod. Tn tbe mind, o'er tbe sea, on the eartb, in tbe air. The stand poins, nnnnmberrd rise everywhere. From a reasoning standpoint, I argue with yon And endeavor to bring you a standpoint true. From a common sense base look at duty and care; From au ft-ethetic staud, view creatures must fair. Learn ever with judgment, and sympathy dear. To look at all ihiogs from a standpoint clear. For a standpoint is only a point of view, Ideal, or real, distorted or true; And i his woderlul object is always, yon see. Where in person we aie, or it faucj my be. The Modern Argo. Woman Suffrage In School Elections. The bill that has passed one House of the General Assembly and will probably become a law granting to the women of Iowa the right to vote for school officers is attracting considerable attention. It is meeting with very general approval. Many who are opposedto woman suffrage concede that the mothers of the land ought to have a voice in the maragement of the public schools where their children are to be educated. It matters not that this grant of power may be an entering wedge to still larger powers in the future. Let the future take care of itself. It generally docs. The wise folk who undertake to legislate for future generations often live long enough to see their work all undone. This proposition to grant the right of suffrage to women in the management of public schools is one that must stand upon its own merits, and not upon speculations as to its effect upon the woman suffrage movement. If the next generation, or the next decade want to grant the right to vote to women let them do it. It docs not concern the present generation or decade what they do. The law of perfect liberty is that each period shall take care of itself with due regard to the preservation of a like liberty to the people of the succeeding period. AVe maintain our institutions of free government; we sacrifice life and property to perpetuate free government, but we do not undertake to shape and control the legislation of the future. Each generation is free to make its own laws, and even to change the fundamental law upon which our republic is founded. "We pine, therefore, that many of the collateral issues of woman suffrage have no place in the discussion of the bill to give women the right to vote for school officers. Was Jefferson an Infidel? Country Parson," in the Chicago Times. Rev. Henry T. Miller, on Sunday morning, preached a sermon from a very singular text, on the very luminous subject of "Church-IngersolUm." In that sermon he says: "Thomas Jefferson was an avowed infidel, and yet he climbed into the presidential chair," etc Will Mr. Miller be kind enough to furnish his proof? If he is a fair man he will see the necessity of supporting such a statement with authentic proof. I was educated at the University of Virginia, founded by Thomas Jefferson. I was intimately associated with many old citizens near Monticello the home of Mr. Jefferson, and from them have had many reminiscences of Mr. Jefferson's private life, but never beard them charge him with being an infidel. I simply say the statement is untrue, and Mr. Miller should prove it or retract it. Years ago, when I first entered the ministry, I heard an old preacher relate the-"death-bed scene of Thomas Paine. The preacher was dramatic, bis voice full of pathos, and the effect on the audience was very great. After the services I asked him if he fully credited that story. He replied: 'No, not fully; but a story with a moral so impressive can always be used. I give the benefit of the doubt." To this day the peo ple wno neara it believe that story. I wait to see Mr. Miller's proof that "Thomas Jefferson was an infidel." Old Eph Makes Hie Will. Des Moines Register. Old Eph took a notion the ther dav that he must make his will, and called to consult a lawyer for that purpose. The attorney gathered a pencil and a piece of paper and prepared to make a schedule. "Well, Eph, what property have you got?" "Well, sah, dat's dat onery bobtailed dawg dot nebber sleeDS. or if he does he's lln talkin' in it, Leabe him to that neffy of of mine. I nebber liked dat niggah." "All right," said the attorney, "there eoes the dog." "Den dar's dat hazel splitter sow. Leabe ber to whoebber kin cotch her." "The sow is disposed of," said the lawyer. "De baccy box an pipe go to the boy soon as he gets old enuff to spit froo his tee'f." 'It is so recorded," answered the attorney. l.Tk. 1 Jl. . ... "uq nouse ana lot goes to ae gau "But there's an incumbrance on tbe house. Eph." "What dats you say?". "There is an incumbrance on the bouse." "Oh, dere am, am de? Den I's wuff more'n I thought I was. Leabe de cumbrans to de old woman for to live on.