Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 28, Number 12, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 March 1879 — Page 7

THE INDIANA STATE SENTIXEL, WEDNESDAY MORNING; lAJRCH 19, 1879.

GEBHiH WATCHHiN'S SOS6.

Hark! ye neighbors, and hear me tell Ten now strikes on the belfry bell! Ten are the holy commandments gi7'n To man below from God in heaven. Hark ! ye neighbors, and hear me tea Kleven sounds on the belfry bell! Eleven apostles of holy mind Taught the gospel to mankind. Hark ! ye neighbors, and hear me tell Twelve resounds from the belfry bell! Twelve disciples to Jesus came. Who suffered or their Savior's name. Hark! ye neighbors, and hear me tenOne has pealed on the belfry bell! One God above, one Lord indeed. Who bears us lorlh in hour of need Hark ! ye neighbor , and hear me tell Two refunds from the belfry bell ! Two paths before mankind are free ; Neighbor, choose the best for liee. Hark! ye neighbors, and bear me tell Three now sounds on the belfry bell ! 1 hreefold reigns the heavenly host Father, Son and Holy Ghost. A MEDICAL MYSTERY. All the Year Round. I had gone to see an old friend who is now a famous physician in a great city. Years had passed away sines we had last met and parted. He then held a variety of political appointments, which looked rather imposing when put down on paper, bat which meant a great expenditure of time and co3tly medicine at a remuneration that was exceedingly unrenmnerative. Bat all good things come to the man who works and waits. I had been delighted to hear of my old friend's success; and when I availed myself of his standing invitation to "bestow myself " upon him for a short time, I was equally delighted to find that prosperity had not in the slightest degree harmed him. It had acted like a kindly sun and soft breezea in eliciting the best flowers and fruits of character. One night I sat late with him after dinner, discussing the wine and walnuts; the ladies had gone to an evening party, for which, after a busy day, we hardly felt up to the mark. We talked of old friends and times, and of professional chances. I happened to Bay to him: "Yon doctors see an immense amount of character and incident. The medical is certainly a very lively and dramatic profession. I suppose few men know more family secrets than the doctors; more than the lawyers, more than the parsons." ''Yes; patients often go into tbe confessional, bat we never tell the secrets of the confession ah" "Bat tell me this: have you seen much of what is called the romance of crime, or crime without any romance .t all; the old cases which get into the courts, and which the novelists work up for their stories?" "I am afraid that you have been cultivating a taste for sensational fiction. X am sure I shall not be able to amuse yen in that way." Yon have seen nothing of the sort?" "Nothing. Such cases, of course, occur from time to time, but they are so lost in the mass of medical practice, that few men. unless they are specialist by which I mean chiefly the toxicologists see anything of them, There are doctors who can tell yon any amount of tales about poisons; but iny own line has always been prosaic, paying, and practical." "Well," I answered, "there is a theory that every man meets with something remarkable in his time, if he can only detect the element of the marvellous." '.No doubt yon are right," said my friend ; and then, as he smoked the meditative cigar, he exclaimed, after a pause; "You remind me of some old circamst-mces. Yes, there really was something very mysterious which happened to me once, and I never have been able to detect the secret of it. I should be glad to get your opinion of it. This is the story: "I was called ont one night after dinner to attend a lady, who, I was informed, was suffering from sadden and severe illness. Sensible people, when they send to a doctor are careful to explain the exact symptoms of a case. The doctor then comes prepared. He is often able to bring the precise remedies with him. He saves time, and this is often the same thing as saving life. All that the messenger, a boorish-looking man in a kind of livery, could tell me was snmmat in the stomach.' Most illnesses might, more or less, be referred to something of tbe kind, and practically the fellow proved more correct than I had supposed. "It was after dinner, at the end of a hard day's work. I had been in consultation for hours and driving about for hours. I had got my feet into my Blippers; there was the easy chair, the evening paper, and a decanter of old port, which had been given me by a erateful and gouty patient, bull, the case was urgent; It might possibly be lucrative; and a true hearted doctor, above all things, never allows an appeal In case of suffering to be made to him in vain. I did not think it necessary to send for my carriage, bat stepped out into the street. The wind was roaring in great gusts, keeping back the rain, which threatened to fall heavily after a time. "We went to a big boose in a big square. I had noticed the house before, and not incuriously; walls and windows had always seemed so blank. I never bad observed any signs of life in the house. One I had asked who lived there, and was told, Oh! that's old Misi Brinck man's house.' Tne interlocutor had evidently thought that I knew all about old Miss Brinckman; bat this iras by no mi ans the case. I had afterwards found oat that she was old infirm, without near frien Is and relatives, and somewhat peculiar and eccentric in her ways. My old notions about the hoasa were strengthened as I waliced upstairs. As 1 passed from floor to floor, by room after room, there was no sign or B3und of habitation. The furniture was handsome and heavy; the feet feit noiselessly on tbe thick carpets. Not in tbe best bedroom, but in quite tbe second bst bedroom lay Miss Brinckman, tbe mistress of the house. Her features were pinched with suffering, and she was in a state of great restlessness and anxiety. As the man truly said, there was summat the matter with the stomach.' She was vei7 ill; bat the symptoms did not present anything especially abnormal. Few medical cases are exactly alike a fact which, perhaps,' explained one or two slight variations from the nsaal symptoms of a derangement of this kind. I thought over the course of treatment abundantly indicated by the symptoms, and sat down and wrote a customary prescription, which, in the ordinary course, would undoubtedly be followed by beneficial effects. I observed that the bedroom was somewhat dingy and penurious, and out of character with the rest of tbe bouse. The nurse, however, told me that this was the invalid's favorite room, and that she preferred it to aay other apartment. There was, of course, no arguing about tastes, and I was glad to get back tome. "I generally go out to make my calls as soon as I have finished with my morning receptions about noon. I felt so perfectly secure about Miss Brinckman's cose that I called upon her nearly last of all. In the ordinary condition of things she ought to have been much better, and fairly getting on toward convalescence. This, however, was by no means the cage. The patient was restless, feverish, complained of sickness, pain, and great thirst The symptoms were perfectly consistent with the supposed complaint: bat, on the .other hand, they were also consistent with arsenical poisoning. It waa of no use, however, to think of unnatural causes when natural causes might suffice. I did not know the patient's constitution,

and an alteration in my prescription might produce the desired alteration in results. "I sat down at a little table and prepared to write. As I did so, I cast my eyes in meditative fashicn, and encountered thosa of the nurse. As soon as these met my gaze they were lowered toward the ground. Before this happened, however, I had caught their expression, which produced an extremely disagreeable impression. It seemed to me as if there was a kind of silent laugh in tbem a look of pnde and contempt. We doctors are occasionally obliged to put up with a little impertinence from grand professional nurses, though this does not very often happen. Nothing, however, had occurred in our brief interviews, which could account for the circumstance, and I had soon entirely forgotten it. 'I once more took my rounds next day, and made this one of my first calls. I had hoped to have found things much better. On the contrary, they were worse. The illnt si, whatever it was. was making progress, and the patient was decidedly worse. I really could not understand this untoward condition of things, entirely contrary as it was to my experience and expectations. I had some thoughts of calling in another opinion, but this is a step which I did not quite like. It seems too much of a confession of weakness. On this occasion I prescribed remedies of an 'heroic kind,' which would deal thoroughly with the case.and took my leave, contented to wait and see what a day might bring forth. I i"But as I sat at dinner with my family, my thought irresistibly wandered away to the case of Miss Brinckman. There was an unaccountable restlessness and anxiety in my mind. Usually I do not carry the cares of my profession into my family. I am satisfied with knowing that I have done my best, and after that there's no use fretting one's self; but I found that night I couldn't rest in pe8ce. Tbe case puzzled and alarmed me. After one or two vain attempts to settle down, I took up my hat and started for tbe big house in the square towards 10 o'clock at night. "It was a good thing that I did so; otherwise, Miss Brinckman would have breathed her last that night. The symptoms had increased with great severity. Her face was positively blue. She was evidently in a state of collapse. I wouaered whether it woald bs possible to revive ber. Now I will let

you in for a bit of my practice. The most powerful restorative I know is a mixture of camps gne and brandy. It is not a pleasant combination two good things spoilt, in fact but I have known it to do good when everything else had failed. My patient feasibly revived under its inrtueaca. GlanciDg at the mantlepiece, my eye alighted on the bottle of medicine containing my prescription ; and. as the bottle was nearly fall, I saw at once that tbe proper doses had not been administered. Somehow I felt that the nurse's eye followed mine as it wandered towards the mantlepiece. She hastily arose and moved towards the spot, with an intention, obvious to my mind, of hiding or removing the medicine bottle. " 'Nurse,' I said, somewhat peremptorily, 'what is your name?' " Quilliruaine.' '"Married or unmarried?' " 'I am not married.' " 'Tell me immediately why my iudicine j '"Miss Brinckman could not take the medicine, sir. She was sick if she tried; and then she would not allow us to give her any.' "I did not think the answer was a true one; but tbere wai no use interrogating poor, half dying Misss Brinckman. " 'It was your duty, under such circumstances, to have sent for me at once.' "Tbe woman was silent. A sudden thoueht flashed across my mind. " "Now, look here, Nurse iuillimaine,' j said. 'Mark my words. If Miss Brinkman is not better to-morrow morning, I shall immediately send for a detective.' "The next morning Miss Brinkman was marvelously better. "Did she eventually recover?" "She got quite well, and is still living in the big house in the square. She is much better tempered, and more rational altogether. She is perfectly convinced that I saved her life (which is true enough,) and I have to visit her two or three times a week." "Did you ever talk to her about the nurse's conduct?" "No; I did not think that would be of any nre. But 1 told her that I was not at all satisfied with the nurse, and hoped that she would never employ her again. On my asking how she came to engage such a Derson, she said that she came o her highly recommended by a relative. Fashing my inquiries respecting this relative, the old lady became reserved and looked annoyed; and so I have never gone further into matters, and have hardly any idea who she is or who her people may ba. Of coarse I could not resist the ides that there might be some one who might profit by her death; bat I have never been able to ascertain any facts. "Certainly, it is a very queer story, but I have something still queerer to tell. You know that to a great extent I am a season doctor; that I am one of the very few lucky doctors who, if they like, cm take a few months' holiday when our town is 'out of season.' Now and then I used to take the practice of some friend less fortunate than myself in this respect. In this way it happened that, about a twelve month after Miss Brinckman's case, I found myself undertaking another man's practice 200 miles away in the country. My friend had had some prosperous years, and was taking his wife and girls to the Rhine and Switzerland for a change; and none knew better than himself how necessary is a change to . the hardly-wrought general practitiouer. "I was called in, one hot summer day, to see a venerable gentleman who had been partaking with tbe utmost freedom of the luxurious fruit oi his garden, to which he attributed various disagreeable symptoms. I ventured to hint to the reverend gentleman that a little moderation would not be unfitting his years and his symptoms I strolled with him through his shady walks; and, assuring him that strawberries were very bad for his complaint, partook liberally of them myself. I thought that a very simple prescription would make him all right at once, and I was a little surprised to be awoke up at 2 o'clock one morning and be told that he was dangerously 111. Now, if tbere is one thing to which I otject more than another, it is to being called out at 2 o'clock in the morning. In my tims I have been doctor to a local club ; and I have been called out at that unearthly hoar, across the snow on a winter's night, and have found the pitient cheerfully partaking of pipe and grog on my arrival. This old gentleman, however, was very seriously ill. He was worse than I should have thought possible under the circumstances; indeed, he was in positive danger. I told him that he required a nurse. He answered that there was a woman, who bad entered his eervica lately as a housekeeper, who was acting for him in that capacity. I did not see her that morning, but concluded that her duties as a housekeeper were then detaining her from her avocations as a nurse. I administered some brandy at once, as the symptoms seemed to require it; and, going home. I myself dis pensed the necessary drugs with the greatest care. The boy in buttons took out the medicine, and I had no reason to doubt that thy were properly given to the patient. "Bat, on visiting the patient the nextday, I fotnd that he was worse; if he had taken tbem, they had done him no good. The symptoms were no longer any that could have arisen from mere errors in diet. They strongly resembled those of arsenical poison' ing. In fact, I felt myself suddenly and irreaistiblj reminded of Miss Brinckman's case. The course of events had run quite parallel so lar. "I asked to see this nurse, who. on this oc casion, also wu out of the way, but after some search came forward. If I had not thought of Kiss Brinckman before, I should have done so now, for I really thought at the .moment that Quilllmaine, the nurse,

ctood before me. A closer examination showed me, however, that I was mistaken. With great points of likeness, there was also manifest unlikeness. At the moment I still felt quite certain that there was some relationship between them. A sadden thought occurred to me, and I said: " 'I think you are a relation of Miss Qolllimaine, the nurse, who was lately at INetherton?' "She seemed annoyed and surprised by the question, and delayed her answer for a few moments, and then said: "'Yes, sir; Nurse- Qaillimaine is my sister.' '"I thought I saw a likeness between yon. What is your name? Is it Qailiimaine also f " 'My name is Sarah Mount, sir.' " 'Now, Sarah Mount, I want to speak with you privately before I leave the house.' " 'She followed me into the little parlor, positively pale and trembling. I felt coninced that I was on the right track of bus pecting her, and yet. In the absence of any definite reason for suspicion, it was not at all clear how I could act for the best. "I resolved that I would adopt exactly tbe same line of conduct as I had .done in Misi Brinckman's case. " 'Sirah Meant,' I said, 'my patient has not Improved as I hoped to find him improved. I have a strong idea that this is quite as much a case for the police as for the doctor.' " 'She was terror stricken. " I shall bring a policeman with me tomorrow morning, and shall, most probably, think it my duty to give yon in charge.' 'I watched the effect of my words narrowly. Of coarse an honest woman would have resented them bitterly, and have demanded that I should explain fully this extraordinary language. But no attempt of the sort wa9 made. She cowersd before me as I was speaking. "I added mercilessly "And when I find my patient better, I shall expect that yon will giye a week's notice and go away. You are not to go away before a week, however, that I may sse how Mr. Wilson progresses; bat yoa are not to stay a moment longer than a week unless I give you permission. Do yoa heap, woman?' I exclaimed angrily, raising my voice and stamping my foot. " 'I will do exactly as yoa say, sir.' she said humbly. "Then I rose to go. First of all I went up stairs and saw that -my patient took his medicines under my own eye. Part of them

had been disposed of, but I felt no confi dence that they had been duly administered. I made a careful examination of everything in the bedroom, and, Indeed, as far as I could, all about the place, but. I am bound to say, without finding any corroboration of mv malign suspicion. "'I went to Mr. Wilson's house next morn' ing, and found him very much shaken, in deed, bat considerably better. He contin ued to improve, and in about a week he was quite well. "At the end of the week the nurse or the housekeeper, whichever she chose to call herslf, went awy quietly "The care.tr of the medical man is not uneventful: but I have always looked upon this as the most singular combination of circums ances that has ever happened to me. "And have you no explanation to give: "None whatever. The facts are facts which I can cot explain, and beyond which I am unable to go. I call it simp. a medical mystery au unsolved, perhaps insoluble problem." "But I suppose yoa have an hypothesis, a guess of some sort, to account lor the circumstancss?" "Well, tossy the truth, I have: but the hypothesis is so strange and far-fetched that 1 hardly like to mentiou it." "But let me hear it all the same." "I have had occasion to notice several times that there are some sorts of medical secrets pressrved in families. Frobab'y It may be a simple, useful, innocent concoction, the secret of which may not be known to the local medical man. although he may hazard a shrewd guess ai to its composition. For instance. I have known medical men to look, not only without displeasure, but with pleasure and approval, on a plaister which had been used by old grandmothers, inherited from their own grandmothers. Within my own experience have known such recipes to make cares which the faculty have not been able to make. But sometimes these old fashioned secrets have a darker history. People have left off believing in witchcraft and the evil eye, although there may still be some out of the way places where this is the cise to this very day. Occasionally, however, there is a belief, now very rarely found in any put of tbe country, but not totally extinct, that in such or such a family there may be the art ot csus ing death by certain undiscoverable means. Most probably in tbe present state of science tbe so-thought undiscoverable means are coarse and very easy of detection. It might happen that the secret ot a poison msy be in family a poison subtle ana sale, or if coarse and common, there are people who have it, and are intrepidly wicsed enough to use it We know that in the middle ages the knowledge of certain poisons was confined to the members of some Italian fami lies a knowledge which was regarded as rare, precious and profitable, and was turned to most lucrative account in what might be almost called a professional practice. Human nature Is very much the same everywhere; it is the hardest thing in the world to kill out any spe cial form of evil. It is my impression there are still a few families in whom lingers a special knowledge of poisons, and in the case of some depraved people a disposition to use them. AO, it this hypothesis, mon strous as I grant it to be, is true, we shall , . I - .J t AI . nave me circumstance Buuuunieu ivir uiat here are two sisters apparently in possession of the dark art of slow poisoning, and actu ally using it." Bat what would ba their object? who would know ot such wretched people and want to employ them?" You will observe that in these two cases we have an old woman and an old man, each childless, each evidently with considerable property. Somewhere there would be people who would profit largely by their deaths. Now go a step farther. Imagine the following combination of circumstances: First, that there is a family with a knowl edge of a secret or at least what they suppose to be a secret way of poisoning, with members wicked enoagh to use it. Secondly, that there are wicked people, in two different parte of the country who are at the same time calling in the aid of two members of this family for a murderous purpose. Thirdly, that by a marvelous combination of circumstances, I was called into both of these cases. Such a combination of circum stances would yield an explanation of all the facts of the esse." 'Bat such an explanation would be mon strously Improbable." "I grant it. But what yoa say, you win remember that I said myself just now. I do not guarantee my explanation of the facta. But I guarantee the facts themselves. In all probability they never will be explained. I shall always regard them as a medical mys'ery." "Still, I think that both of these were cases which you ought to have handed over to the police." "I think so. too: but then, you see, I have always thought it best to set my face against tbe sensational." It is not necessary to trouble my readers with any farther particulars ot the delight ful fortnight which I spent with the d is tin gulsbed physician. I failed to elicit any more narratives from him. Bat I thoaght this one so remarkable that I made copious notes, from which f have set in order this true and unvarnished narrative. A preacher oat West announced on his Sunday night bulletin: "The Funeral of Judas Iscanot." To which an obliging fellow aaaea : "jmenoj ot tne deceased are cor dially Invited." The church wu filled.

THE ENGLISH BIBLE.

Specimens Seen at the Loan The Parent Translations and Their Authors. Wycliffe and Tyndale; Tnelr KJveaBd Work Tbe reTllle Fragment. The present authorized version of the English Bible, issued in 1611,' is the slowly matured fruit produced by the toil and nurture of many earnest scholars through nearly a hundred years of constant translation and revision; preceding this period was that century of virtual, though largely unconscious, preparation, which Included the revival of learning in Europe, the invention of printing and the discovery of a new world; and fronting the dawn of this open ing day, which we trust has not yet reached its noon, shines "the morning star of the Reformation." WYCLIFFE. John de Wycllffe (written also Wyclif, Wicliff, and in about 20 other ways) was born in Yorkshire about 1320, held several offices in the University of Oxford, and in 1374 was presented by King Edward III. to the rectory of Lutterworth; there he died on the last day of the year 1331, and there his robe, his chair, and the table on which he wrote, are still preserved. Daring his last years he was repeatedly assailed for heresy and erroneous teaching, but under the powerful protection of John of Gaunt he escaped martyrdom. Bat in 1428, by command of Clement VIII. his remains were burned and the ashes cast into the Swift, and thus, says Fuller, in his Church History, "this brook hath conveyed his ashes into Avon, Avon into Severn, Severn into the narrow sea, they into the main ocean. And thus the ashes of Wycliffs are the emblem ol his doctrine, which now is dispersed all the world over." Wordsworth gave this idea a metrical form in one of his sonnets; bat the shape in which it is best known is that in which Webster quoted it 30 years ago: "The Avon to tbe Severn runs, The Severn to the sea : And Wlckllffd's dust shall spread abroad Wide as tbe waters be." From a careful and extensive comparison of Ms3., it has been ascertained that there were two 'related yet distinct versions of the Bible mads near the close of the 14th century, and the conclusion has been reached that the earlier was the work of Wycliffe and .Nicholas de Hereford, about 13S2, and that alter WycliflVs death, probably in 1388, there appeared a revision, executed by his associate, John Purvey. Both versions are anony mous, as was necessary when a translator of Scripture was in danger of death. The New Testament of tbe later version was published as Wycliffe's by Lewis (1731), by Baber (1810) and in a revised form by Bax ter In the English Hexapla (1811V Bat in 184S Pickering issued an elegant black let ter edition ol tbe jNew Testament from a genuine Wycliffa MS , edited by Lea Wilson. (No. 310, Hon. F. R. Brunots) And in 1850, after the labor of 22 years. Rev. Josiab Forsball and Sir Frederick Madden wroug it out a complete edition or Doth versions in four volumes, from the Clarendon Press of Oxford. The learned editors examined 170 MSS. (of which less than 20 represented tbe first version), and the various readings of 00 AlSS. are given throughout. TBS WYCLIFFITK VERSIONS. The Wyclifnte versions were made from the Latin Vulgate, not from the original Hebrew and Greek, to which the translators bad no access, and of which they probably knew ssarcely anything. At that time Greek was almost unknown in Western Europe. Bat when the Eastern Empire fell in 1453, many exiled Greek scholars settled in Italy under the patronage of Pope Nicholas V. and of Cosmo del Medici, and a knowledge ol the language gradually spread. Ia 1458 a teacher of Greek was appointed in tbe Vniveriity of Paris, bat it was not till 1491 that the language was taught at Oxford. The Wyclifnte Bible, therefore, labored un der tbe disadvantage of being translated from Inaccurate copies of a version which, at bert, was dishgured by some serious errors. On the other hand, being seen to be identical with tbe "common Bible" received by the whole Western church, the English, transla tion was probably regarded with less suspicion than if based upon the languages of the Jews and Greeks. Tne number of copies still existing, notwithstanding the ac tive measures taken from tbe first to suppress this version as a noxious and heretical production, indicates that it must have been eagerly sought after and rap idly multiplied. Henry Knighton, writing within zo years ot wyciine s death, com plained that "the Gospel pearl was cast abroad and trodden under foot," since the Scriptures had been made more plain even to women than formerly to the learned amongst the clergy. Pealing enough does the facsimile of a Wycliffe MS. look; but when printed in ordinary type, this Eoglish of five centuries ago can be read without much difficulty, though many of the words are obsolete. Here is a specimen: ' Ther fore when Jhesus was born in Bethletn of J ads, in the days of kyng Herode, loo kyngis, or wijs men, caraen fro the eest to Jerusalem, sayinge, Wher is he, that is borun kyng of Jewis? torso the we han seyn his stere in the este, and we cornea for to wirshippe hym." TTNDALe's GREAT DESKiS. William Tyndale was born about 1434. in Gloucestershire; he studied at Oxford where, according to Foxe, "he grew up and increased as well in the knowledge of tongues and other liberal arts, as especially In the knowledge of the Scriptures, wherennto his mind was singularly addicted." While tu tor in tbe ramily of sir John Walsh, he said to a certain learned man with whom he was disputing, "If Gad spare my life, ere many years I will cause a boy that dnveth the plough shall Know more ot the Scripture than thou doest." But he met with no sympathy or encouragement in bis great. undertaking, either from the ignorant country priests or from the learned Bishop of London, and he "understood at the last, not only that there was no room in my lord of London's palace to translate the New Testament, bat also that there was no place to do it in all England." so in Msv. 1524, he left bis native country, never to return. In Cologne, in the following year, he began secretly to print an edition of 3,000 copies of the New Testament, in quarto, with notes; but when the printing had advanced as far as the tenth sheet (probably through Matthew) news of the work reached the ears of John Dobneck, surnamed Cochlaeus, a virulent opponent of Luther and a zealous heresy hunter, and an interdict was procured from the Senate. Tyndale and his assistant, William Roy, "snatching away with them," as Cochlaeus says, "the printed quarto sheets, fled by ship, going up tbe Rhine to Worms, where the people were under the full rage of Lutheranism, that there, by another printer, they might complete the work begun." THE GRKNVILLE FRAGMENT. In 1836 a London bookseller, named Rodd, accidentally obtained a copy of this fragment, printed at Cologne, and it ia now in the Grenville collection, British Museum. A photo-lithographed fao simile was published by Edward Arber in 1871. with a preface. covering 70 pages, filled with reprints of documents of great importance relative to Tyndale and his translations. (No. 236. T, M. Barber.) Tne fragment as disco V'

ered, comprises eight of the nine or

10 sheets originally printed, but the title page is wanting, and it hence consists of 62 pages. Fourteen of these contain a prologue, beginning: "I have here translated (brethren and lusters moost dere and ten derly beloved in Christ) the Newe Testament for youre spirit uall edyfyinge, consolacion, and solas." After the prologue, is found a complete list of the books of the Nest Testament and a woodcut representing an angel holding an inkstand into which St Matthew is dipping bis pen. This woodcut furnished tne cmel means of ascertaing the printer and tbe date; a reduced copy of it was found in a book known to have been printed by Peter Quentel at Coloene. in Jane. 1520. the Tvndale fragment, which contains the cat in its original size, must, therefore, have been printed previously, and at the same ores. This picture is also found in two works printed by Qnentel in 1529. one of which is in the exhibition. (No. 492. Emer's German Testament, from the librarr of the Western Univeraitv. l The following from Matt, xiii, is a specimen of Tvcdale's first version : "The same daye went Jesus out of the housse. and satt bv the see rvde. and . moche people resorted unto him. so gretly that be went and tat in hype, and all the people stode on the shoore. And he spake many things to them in similitudes, Bayinge, beholde, the sower went lortn to sowe, and as be sowed, some fell by the wayes syde. and the fowles cam, and devoured it urpe." We give also, for comparison, the passage which was quoted from Wycliffe: "When Jesus was borne in bethleheni a toune ol jury, in the time of kyDge Herode, behold, there cam wyss men from the este to Jerusalem saying; where is hs that is borne kynee of the jewes? we have sene his starre in the este, and are come to worshippe hym." Tyndale added to mis edition a lew marginal notes; tbe one rrt tWhntnAM. K,K A K I -1 1 1 U : i uvfw.A uaui, w uiui DUU1 KIYQU, etc.," is suggestive of the times. "Where the worde of god is understonde, there bit muiupuetn and macita the people better, where hit hit is not understonde theare hit decreaaith and makith the people woorse.'' It will be noticed in the passages quoted that the same word is sometimes spelled in different ways in a siogle sentence; this is of frequent occurence in most English books up to within two centuries; but such spellings as "poeple" and "theare" are evidently misprints, of which tbere are many in the Tyndale fragment, as might be expected in a work composed in secret and under constant fear ot detection.) TYBDALE'S VARIOUS THAlfRLATIOXS. After arriving at Worms. Tyndale at once began an octavo edition of the New Testa ment, without prologue or notes, and it was published with no delay, probably in the spring ol 126. A copy ot this edition, preserved in the library of the Baptist College, uristoi, lac its only the title page. This was most caretully reproduced in fac simile by Francis Fry, in 1802; it was reprinted by Bazster in 183G. under the editorshiD of Mr. Offjr, but with considerable inaccuracy in minor points. Tbe same translation of the Gospels is given, together with Wycliffe's, in Bosworth and Warning's Gothic and AngloSaxtoo Gospels. An imperfect copy of this edition, detective both at beginning and end, is in the library of St. Paul's Cathedral. London. These three copies the Greenville fragment of the quarto and the Bristol aad St. Paul's copies ot the octavo all deprived of their title pages, are the earliest impressions of any portion of the printed Bible in the English language," not known to oe in existence, mere is little prospect that any one of these will ever be sold and still less of its coming to this conn try, so that we on this side of the Atlantic will have to be content with fac similes and reprints. A revised version, with marginal notes, usually known as the second edition. appeared in 1534 with this title: "Tbe newe Testament dylygently corrected and compared with tbe Greke by Willyam Tindale; and fynesshed in the yere of oure Lorde God. A. M. D. and xxxiiii. in the monnth of November. Antwerp: by Marten Etnperowr." Several copies of this edition are in English libraries; from the one in the Baptist College, Bristol. Messrs. Basster. in 1S43, published a careful reprint in their English Hexapla. A copy bequeathed to the British Museum in 1799. by Rev. C. M. Cra cherode, was made for presentation to Queen Anne Boleyn. It is printed on vellum. beautifully illuminated, and bound in blue morocco; it bears no dedication, but on the gilded edges, in faded red letters, runs the simple title, Anna Regina Angliie. Tbe only portions of the Old Testament, which Tyndale published, were the Pentateuch, at Marburg, loM, (the hve books probably issued separately, of which Genesis was revised in 1534), and the book of Jonah in 1531, probably at Antwerp. A copy of his Pentateuch, which had belonged to Bishop Heber, was sold in 1854 for $795; another copy, in fine condition, was sold in 1877 for Soils. There is some ground for b3lieving that he left in manuscript the translation of a large part of the remainder of tbe Bible. After running the gauntlet of persecution for several years, Tyndale was at length han ted down, and, through the treachery of a pretended friend named Philips, was be trayed to his enemies. In May, 1535, he was imprisoned in the castle of Vilvorde, near Brussells. and there in October. 153G, he was strangled at the stake and his body burned, tor twelve years be had labored ceaselessly. In voluntary exile, to free the English people from priestcraft and spiritual serfdom; to this end he devoted his life and his last prayer was, "Lord! open the King of kngland s eyes. Tbe Dlncovery of Hatches. London Society. Toe story of this discovery has been told by Mr. Holden himself in the House of Commons before a select committee appointed to inquire Into the working of the patent laws. We can not do better, therefore, than give it in his own words: "I be gan as an inventor on a very small scale," said Mr. Holden. in the course ot his evi dence. "For what I know I was the first inventor of lucifer matches, bnt it was the result ot a happy thought. In the morning 1 used to get up at 4 o'clock in order to pnrsne my studies, and I used at that time the (Pint and steel, in tbe use ot which x touna very great inconvenience. I gave lectures in chemistry at the time at a very large acad emy. Ot coarse I knew, as other chemists did. the explosive material that was neces sary in order to produce instantaneous light: but it was very difficult to obtain lieht on wood by that explosive material, and tbe idea occurred to me to put under tbe explosive mixture sulphur, i aia that, and published it in my next lecture, and showed it. There was a young man in the room whose father was a chemist in Lon don, and he immediately wrote his father about it, and shortly afterward lucifer matches were issued to the world. I believe that was the first occasion that we had the nresent lucifer match, and it was one of those inventions that some people think ought not to be protected by a patent. think that if all inventions were like that, or we could distinguish one from the other, the principle might hold good. Ifallinven tions were ascertained and carried out into nractice with as much facility as in this case no one woald perhaps think of taking out a patent. I was urged to go and take out a patent immediately; but I thought it was eo small a matter, ana it cost me so nme iaor, that I did not think it proper to go and get a patent; otherwise, I have no doubt it woald have been very prontaoie." The Lutherans are strong in Pennsylvania. They have 550 ministers, 1,060 churches and 150,000 communicants. It is estimated that the Lutheran population is about 750,000 one-fiftu of the population of the State. 1 have reached the conclusion that American ladies are the best vocalist. Strakotch. It's no wonder; isn't Dr. Bull's Cough Syrnp manufactured in this country? Every Son-

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