Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 27, Number 49, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 July 1878 — Page 4

THE INDIANA STATE SENTTNTEIv WEDNESDAY MOIiNIHGr, JULY 2i 1878.

i 1 e t U

WEDNESDAY, JULY 24.

DEMOCK&Tll! Mr ATE TICKET FOR 1ST. Secrktaby of Rtatb JOHN (kntlANKUN, o( Vaaderburg County. AUIMTO OY 8TATE ' MaUIjON D. MANHON, of Montgomery Connty. Tkzasurkr or 8tatie WILLIAM FLEMING, of Allen County. Attorsst Genera i. THOMAS W. WOOLLEN, of Jotmson County. CTKRENTK!flKNT -F PCBLIC IXSTRrCTIOK JAMES H. SMART, of Allen County. Did 'General Martindale command when the Journal was an outspoken advocate of -Jeff Davis theory -of secession? Wr. -challenge the Journal to say whether or not the great radical leader, 0. P. Morton, was a salary grabber.- It has been so reported. - There is a very decided decrease in the number of tourists going from this country to Europe in the last fortnight. Those who -designed taking such a trip have nearly all departed, and the only flitting visible now is from the city to country resorts. The watering places have about their usual number of quests, and with vigilance the proprietors may be able to make "some money this season. A few days since it was announced that Mr. E. B. Martindale would join the Thompson junketing party -at New York and go splashing around in the Tallapoosa. Then we notice that Judge Martindale had arrived in New York, and last we see that General Martindale says that all the Indiana rads are for Grant for a third term. If Martindale is a general, or commodore, or an admiral; in fact if he has a right to command the marines he has left behind him, we should like to have him order theni to state whether or not Morton was a salary grabber. Will the general do it? Bald mountain seems to be splitting apart. The fissure which hare existed for years, growing longer and wider continuously; the curve in the mountain side which has been entered and freely described recently is not very safe or pleasant place. Rocks weighing tons fall frequently, crushing all in their path. Other rocks as large are clearly visible fK lightly balanced a hundred feet over head that the most fearless visitor has no desire to remain in a cavern where death hangs so frailly that a breath would bring it down. New openings to the immense cave are discovered almojt daily, and each is but the prolongation of deep fissures. Persons dwelling on the mountain side can hear distinctly the nobe made by the rocks in the caves and fissures rolling from their positions, and many a stout heart has quailed at the possible danger menacing them. We have no disposition to attempt an argument proving that the Creator designed that Africa should be inhabited by Africans the negro and particularly those portions of Africa from which the negro was stolen and sold into slavery. If there are those who are of the opinion that America is to be the future home of the negro, that here be is to expand into the importance and influence that he would enjoy in Africa; if there are those who entertain such opinions, all we have to say is, they are not the best friends of the negro. The New York Sun reports an Inte rview with Mr. Wm. Davis, who for eight years has been the attorney general of Liberia. Being - questioned with regard to the advantages offered in Liberia to American negroes the -Sun sajs: Mr. Davis taxes an entirely different view of Libertan emigration to that of tile Rev. Henry Highland (Jarnet, and many other prominent men, white ani colored, in this country. "I went to Liberia t wenty-six years ago," be said, "and I know It thoroughly. It is a bid place for any colored man to go who would rather be the servant of white mea In America, but 'lor men of Independent spirit who are not earning enough to support them comfortably iiere there la no better place. Of courtte colored inen are advised not to go to I.llerla, and told that they can not succeed there, but that Is only because the whites want them to remain here. Nearly every one in Liberia at present a contented. The government is republican, nodelled after that of this country, and inerbantlle affairs are prosperous, f he courts, X), are well conducted, and there Is nothing complain of In the administration of govnroent." When I first went to Lilterla,' the attorney aeral continued, as he cautloanly tnrned er ?e OV fro. try thei ir In his bed, "things were very different m what they erenow; but I liked the connwell enough U make up my mind to may ' e. I went to school there, and then came - 4 . . I . J I 1 , . . bacl America aim smuieu law in Jiassa -hu etts for two years. On being admitted to the t rj 1 "tnrnea to Liberia, and have remain ed there ever since." Th reporter inquired aooui ine Muuorily oi UV - U1I' II T, I 11 ... I . the co ally bt uiurv. ue buiil, --i jiave aenern In excellent health there. TiiecliI at least as itwd as In New York, and rcury very rarely gi ts above W degrees the wat met weather. I believe New as hot M that, and many parts of the States are far warmer. Then, nobody mate l the me even In York is I'nited ; is ever si twill? T instruct there, whereas here we read Kple being killed by the heat every .lav v have no winter in Liberia no weath ercoid e ""ugh to bring lro$t-nd that Is a treat adv. nte " The pom ihuion of Liberia, Mr. Davis think), is about I of whom comparatively few are wnites. N. ' white man an tiokl office, and most of tne m are merchants. Farming is excellent he ays, and large quantities of coffee are shiDoed Uermauy and Lngland. The colorea resi. lent are steadily Increasing in numlier and Ir. Iavls regards the outlook forL berlaas very hopeful.Africa pres ,nta wonderful inducements to American neg to emigrate. Tbeymay subdue a conti oent, bring it under the sway of civilization, maP oat and organizs empires; or they Q wmain away and be, a thousand years troai now, few indeed, but still the servants ' white men. The attorney general of Lit ria says truly that Africa is the place for bo. a Independent, self-reliant colored people.' The amount of s offering experienced by those who inhabit te oement houses in large cities can not be es timated. approximated nor exaggerated. TL great majority of such establishments art nolbmg better than cremation ovens. A N, w York lie raid reporter accompanied one of the physicians cf the board of health throu ?Q one of the tenement house districts. ut persons," ays the Herald, "who are in go. 1 circumstances, know bow much the chiUten In crowded 'tenement bouses are compel led to endure during the hot weatSwr. It i' nothing- unuaual to find a family of eight or ten persons living in oneor two rvoms, fn which the washing, cooking, sleepingatnd eating, when 'food can be procured, are doVe, and the at'mosBher of which is' rendered mr foul

'pj the surrounding, filth and want of

'ventilation. No wonder that little ones are 'found in almost every room in such houses suffering with fevers, diphtheria, cholera 'infantum and similar diseases. The poison 'natural to such habitations Is aided in its deadly work by uncleaned streets, rotting 'garbage and the cheap, unripe fruit peddled 'at the corner stands." It occurs to us that in all cities it Is the duty of the authorities to see that the streets in the neighborhood of tenement houses are specially attended to and kept exceptionally clean duriDg the heated term. As a general thing cilies are negligent of enforcing sanitary regulations, but with the mercury up In the nineties .from midnight till morning warrants the conviction that if people are not more than usually careful in all matters partaining to health the undertakers will drive an active business later in the season.

Thx Danville (Hendricks county) Demc crit is jnaktng things very lively for the republicans In that county, and by a series or articles on the county auditor's report and other official documents has created a desire for investigation. In the last issue of the Democrat, in a very carefully prepared article, is charged the grossest irregularities on -county officials for the past decade. It charges that no account appears of record of the expense of building the court house. It also shows that while the auditor only reports an indebtedness of the county of about $30,000, yet the interest account on the public indebtedness shows the debt to be nearly $82,000. The evpenss of the poor in the county for the past ten years has been nearly $30,000, or about $6 to each voter. It also shows that the expense of the county for books and stationery for the last four years has been over $0,000, or 25 per 1 cent, more than it costs the state of Indiana. It also shows the most extraordinary expense for repairs to court house. The charges are strong and forcible, and what makes them more so is the proposition made by certain citizens to defray the expense of an examination of the books. All they ask is that the county authorities will lend them such' assistance as will enable tbem to examine the books and papers. The republican officials say there is nothing wrong. If such i the cass it will only add to the popularity of the republican administration of their,local affairs if the investigation develops no crookedness or irregularity. OR15T IIV liM. ' The Sentinel has upon frequent occasions made light of the proposition for which the St. Louis Globe-Democrat is to be credited, that General Grant is the. one available republican ' candidate for the presidency in 1880. It would scarcely be worth the tTme for anyone to treat the proposition seri ously, if it were not that, some of General Grant's more Influential enemies, of his own party, have become alarmed at the readiness with which the suggestion of his candidacy has been accepted, and have begun to "draw 'the hounds off the scent" by assigning any but the true reasons for the hope which is in his adherents. Very likely the Globe-Democrat did not have in mind the real secrets of Grant's popularity. Very likely the proposition came more from the feelings of gratitude which the chief stockholder of that bigb newspaper compound of religion and verility t naturally entertains towards the ex-chief magistrate; and very likely the editor, discerning both the gratitude and the popular tin ft, so combined them that out of the recognition of the movement grew a hnppy thought and a happy self-advertisement. But, however the nomination may have' come to pass, there is a tidal-wave of demand in the mass of the republican voters for Grant's nomination that is daily gaining and will soon be of overwhelming force. That "he is needed to save society" to "protect 'us against anarchy and impending dissol a tion of social order" to "quell the insur 'rection of communism" to be "tue forlorn 'hope of the laboring masses" to "guide 'with the clear head of statesmanship the troubled nation" to "see that the great essentials of life, liberty, property, the due execution of allthe laws shall be protected and 'carried out'' to "rescue the prostrate eouth 'from the unholy hands of the democracy" or do any other thing that either a true patriot or his bete noir, rampant radical partisan, might do, is all pure sensation. An Imperialism under Grant has its adherents, but they are yet too few and the times bo unrips, and the idea to strongly obnoxious to the American principle, to be more than passingly noticed at present. If Grant is nominated the movement will grow. But the immediate facts are: First That the republican tarty is seized of the idea that a military executive is the safest A soldier to use the army to control the people, the army at all times at the behest of the soldier-president, the centralization of all federal power under a military domination, has com to be the ideal form of republican government in the mind of republican parti sans. Marshals of court in citizens dress.; although thousands of them may be on hand at the polls, as in 1H76, are after nil but common men, and may not inherit the exercise of the voters' right; bui a police 'in blue clothes, with U. 8. on their breast plates and a mmket in hand, would be mighty and might prevalL That Grant inclines t such an idea of government was shown by his course, with the congress to back him, in 187C Grant's mUUnrif habit of reticence is in his favc. It undoubtedly aseared many times during his eight years of service that he kept his mouth shut as well freui the want of knowledge of what ought to have been said as from the' wait of facility In speaking, or the mere habit of keeping dumb. But the people don't know that. They think of him as a man- who has not made a fool of himself by pen and ink or by garrulity, and worship him for wisdom be never uttered if he ever had it. It was the dumb oracle of Athens who most controlled the unlettered Greeks, until it was shown that the dumb oracle could not have talked anyway. Second. Grant's rit inertia is apparent! his own. His luck of position and bull-dog-gedness,andnotagreat military ability, mad a him general of . the army at the close of the conflict. His generalship in title gave him the presidency, and when he got there he had wit enough, 'as well as' firmness

enough the latter quality a necessary result of long service to any commander of large bodies of men, military or civil to maintain his dignity and keep himself, to the world's vision, Out of the partisan Intrigues with which the country teemed at the time. He kept his advisers in the background, and was brave enough to take upon himself the consequences of the bad advice, when he followed it, which was freely gfren. For his connection with the corrupt rings of his household he has the Scotch verdict not proven in his favor, and now stands out in the whole whisky thieving connection as a martyr to partisan persecution. He has the superficial attributes of docility, an equable temper, and a saintliless which persistently refuses to defend himself; and these mark him against all other candidates and give him a rank in the minds of men who do not look behind his armor of individuality to see if it be thick steel or painted card board which is possessed by no man else. But Third. Whether this armor be punctured or not. at this day Grant is the only man the republicans have whom there would be safety for them as a party in running. Edmunds is a born aristocrat; Blaine is absorbed In a relfiah, unscrupulous ambition; Conkling is a disappointed iutriguante; Hayes has developed a lack of backbone; Bristow is a dictator; Sherman has no defined financial status; Logan is a trickster; Ben Butler is a political prostitute; Etarts is a cold-blooded diplomatist; Henderson only a dark horse, but a

. free trader. Every man of real ability in the party or of prominence in national affairs, who could lay claim to the republican nomination, presents some aspect of personality which would be obnoxious to- large numbers of the party's members, and would make the work of carrying him a tedious and up-hill business from first to last. But Grant, except as to his impervious skin of exclusiveness and reticence, ha no character to offend anybody. His financial views, his expressed opinions on federal revenue, his ability in diplomacy, his knowledge of international law, his recognition of constitutionally reserved rights of the states, are supposable quantities, but like the roots of the higher equations in algebra may be of two values, positive or negative; and to be determined must first be laboriously worked out, because he won't tell. Hence be is, as to ques tlons of national moment, the safe man, because his worshipers take for granted his "ability to- solve them for the reason that the negative proof is wanting; while as to local problems there is but one that the republican party cares about, in fact; that is the perpetuation of its power, through the coercion of the southern states under carpet-bag or negro rule, and Grant, and not a mere statesman, is the person who, by military prowess, can succeed in that direction. For these reasons Grant's nomination in 1880 will be 'pressed. C APITAL. A5il LA II OB COMJIIMSM. Legislators and statesmen, and men of thought and close observation, regard the present attitude of labor and capital as one of great gravity. The subject is being very generally discussed, and it is a matter. of profound regret and of painful solicitude tliat the tendency of these discussions is to complicate rather than elucidate what some people regard as the "problem of the hour." Some writers and speakers seem to regard their mission fulfilled when they denounce laboring , men who are associating together for the purpose of improving their condition as "communists," and this, to them, is all the more satisfactory since they attach to the term "communism" all that is infamous in society, all that is vena in politics and all that is treacherous in professions. They go. to Europe, and in the terrible conflicts that stain the civilization of France ask the people to declare that the present derangement of business and industries should extort no complaints from those who are suffering the pangs of hunger, and the slightest restlessness on the part of the laboring classes is at once denounced as dangerous and as leading directly to "communistic outrages," In whicli life and property will be disregarded and anarchy will usurp the place of order. It is safe to say that such incendiary talk is not calculated to improve the present situation or the outlook for the immediate future. A writer in the New York Graphic estimates the aggregate communistic force in the country and alludes to the abominable doctrines preached by the leaders. The writer, with far reaching vision (?), sees conflicts that must inevitably arise if wrongs arc not righted. The use of machinery is regarded as one of the chief causes of prevalent idleness, and the proposition is strengthened as follows: An ill untra tion of this was given the writer a Khort tlms ago, which tella its btory more forcibly than any generalizing word can. A gentleman was speaking of his eany memory of a certain English town devoted to the manufacture of cloth, in which there was a handloom iu every house. The hum of Industry was beard In every ntreet, and prosperity reigned everywhere. Twenty years later lie vliu-d that same place, and the kilence of death brooded over It. He inquired for his fomer acquaintances, who were prosperous and happy when lie knew them as lie expressed it, tbe very salt of the earth and some were receiving aid Irom tbe parish, others were actually In the alms houses;- rein had overwhelmed. them aU. . A few miles away he v 11 ted a great factory containing 700 power looms, each loom attended by a girl, except where one girl could attend two looms. This factory was constantly buxy, but it had taken the employment out of the bauds of 6,000 men and reduced them and their families to pauperafte. It has been so In almoKt everything. Iu the country the tendency Is the same. The improved machluery in use lias thrown out of employment the men that were formerly needed to cultivate the earth aud harvest the crops: hence, obeying the gregarious instincts of mankind, the peo ple iuuuispiaceu nave gone losweii me population of the cities and to share the miner lea of their poor. Here, I am perauaded, is the root of the present evil; the use of machinery has thrown the multitude out of employment and deNtroyed the equilibrium of tho population. Until a redistribution shall take place prosperity Is impossible. It matters not what the effect of machinery may have been upon the weliveofworkingmen labor eaving machines will be manufactured and cold, and it is not necessary therefore to discuss that branch of the subject Those who reflect upon the subject will not forget that the labor difficulties in this country began with the panic of 1873. The causes that led to the panip are the same that have filled' the country with idleness, beggary, tramps and alarm. Everybody knows that the chief cause that led to the panic of 1873 was the radical curse of contraction. In sir jears the radical manipulators of xeyeauev bonds, syndicates; 1

Sbylocks and sharks, had managed to contract tbe currency to the extent of $1,009,658,953. This accomplished and labor troubles commenced. Labor-employing machinery stood stilL Laborers were turned upon the street without money, without food, and without even a remote prospect of bettering their conditions. From $50.76 per capita in 1806 he radical party had reduced it to $17.48 In 1873, and then came the crash--A tidal wave of adversity a cyclone of such fury that it has struck down more than forty thousand business firms, with liabilities amounting to a billion and a quarter of dollars. Every failure deprived some workingiuan of employment Every industrial institution that had its machinery silenced by contraction eent men and women out to find employment elsewhere. Contraction went on, failures continued, and at last, as had been foreseen and foretold, the country is full of forced idlers men, women and children who plead for work, but there is none to be obtained. Senator Conkling, of New York, not long since, in discussing labor topics, said: In no country can wealth ever be created by sleight of hand, or In any way save only by labor. It can never be created by political part lea, or by legislation. All that laws can do is to help or hinder in its work. In every ae and in every land property is and must be the product of human toll, it must be ploughed out of the ground, blasted out of the mine, hewed out of the forent, wrought out of the loom, pounded out of the anvil. Production lies at the bottom ot all commerce and traffic The world recognizes the truth of Senator Conkling's utterances upon the subject of labor, and tbe time is not distant when the facts will, to a greater extent than hitherto, influence legislation. The New York Bulletin, one of the most .nbstantial and conservative business journals in the country, in an article captioned "Competition and Com'munism," says that "the workingmen ob-

'ject to the employment of labor at its mar'ket value and have combined to determine 'the rates of wages irrespective of what tml 'ployers can properly afford to pay. This 'union system having virtually failed, a 'workingmen's party is starting intoexist'ence, largely based upon a denial of the 'rights of property, demanding - that the 'industry and trade ot the country shall be 'conducted as one vast co-operative organization under the direction of the govern'ruent, and providing for the employment 'of all labor at evenly remunerative rates." "We also," says the Bulletin, "find a move'ment identical in principle in some of the 'larger organizstions of capital." The railroads combine and pool their business, the Western Union telegraph company effects a pooling of interests with tbe Atlantic and Pacific for the purpose of exacting higher prices, and the , Bulletin- concludes that "the communism of capital and 'the communism of labor alike undertake to 'defeat the opetation of the one law of so'ciety by which nature constantly seeks to 'maintain a just equilibrium of social. interests and forces," and this position is strengthened by comments as follows: The railroad companies and the coal companies, for instance, confessedly have at lest twice as much capital in their business an Is really required by the work to be done by them. That capital was, for the most part, invested when prices were 1 nil ted to double their normal standard. The community generally have had to submit to the consequences of the Khrinkage of values that has occurred during the prevailing great reaction. These combined corporations, however, seek to evade the common depreciation by pledging themselves to each other not to render their ervices to the community except upon terras which will yield a fair return upon their enormouoly inflated capital. Their propeity has shrunk in actual value just as much as smoother; and there Is not to-day a railroad or a mine that could not be provided for one-half the Kum at which thon-s properties are capitalized. Hut the com pa oie claim the right to earn Interest upon the old capita'.izitlon, or, In oilier words, upon double the present actual value of their properties. Now, this is a gross injustice, which can not be permitted to succeed. It may not be easy to point out in detail the ways in which its defeut will be effected; but its failure is not therefore the lens i-ertain. When more is I charged for any commodity or service than the buyer can aUord to pay the demand Is curtailed and tue seller sutlers. That is one penalty of such wrongH. When the community see oiie iorti6ii combining to defeat a fair reciprocity in their exchanges n feeling of injustice arises, which seeks expression through attempts at repression and retaliation. Already these combinations of corporate capital are raising a discontent among the working and mercantile elaKsen of the country which appears likely to Hud early expression lit laws imposing restrictions upon our large corporations that may inflict upon them Irreparable injury, if not absolute wrong; while they are infusing agrarian tendencies into our politics which disturb confidence In all employments of capital. It is the large corporations that are protected while labor is depressed, but the people are beginning to understand the workings of capital to combine for its protection and to increase its earnings. Labor is doing no more, and notwithstanding, as the Bulletin declares, that "the groat obstacle to the 'complete working out of the process of re'adjustment that set in with the panic of '1873 is that the administrators of thousands 'of millions of corporate capital are interposing these communistic obstructions to the 'healthful operation of free com. 'petition," we believe that the rights and necessities of labor will be respected. That champions will step to the front in congreS and demand that labor shall have a fair show with capital. And since contracting the currency was the chief cause in bringing the labor troubles upon the country, the democracy demand that expansion shall take place to the eittn demanded by the sound business interests of the country. APOGEE AND PERIGEE, Astronomers and those who dabble- in celestial affairs are greatly perplexed just now about the wealheiy Tbe intense heat staggers all their theories and upsets their calculations, and as a consequence something has to be done, else science will lose its grip upon its votaries. Old Sol has been subjected to telescopic scrutiny of more than average severity, and as a result the fact is ascertained that the spots on his lace have all disappeared, and since some of them have an area of at least i.,000,000 square miles it is easy enough to see tbat the removal of the spots must necessarily in crease the dimensions of the shining and burning surface and make it uncomfortable for the inhabitants of the earth. The Providence Journal, in discussing the subject, re' marks that "the sun was In apogee, and the 'earth in aphelion, this morning at twenty'four minutes after three; that is, the earth 'reached the part of her orbit In which she is 'at the greatest distance from the sun. For 'strange arf it may seem,. the earth is now 'three millions of miles further from the sun 'than she was on the 1st of last January. 'Taking the movt approved estimation of 'the sun's distance And using round" number?

'to express the same, the distance between 'the sun and the etrth is at present ninety'three millions of miles, while in midwin'ter the two bodies are ninety, millions of 'miles apart. The qaestlon naturally arises 'as to the reason why we do not have the 'coolest weather w hen the sun is farthest 'away. This is easily explained, for the 'sun's rays fall perpendicularly npon the 'earth in midsummer and obliquely in mid'winter; the intensity ot the heat far over'balancing tbe dilTerence in the distance. 'The summer heat is, however, tempered by 'the greater distacce of the central fire, . for 'in the southern hemisphere where the sun 'is in perigee at midsummer, the 'heat is intensified, and the tempera'tare is higher in Australia and south'era Africa than in corresponding latitudes 'north of the equator. It is well we are not 'living about thirty -six hundred years before 'the creation of Adam, for the sun was then 'in perigee daring the northern summer, 'and in apogee daring the northern winter. 'Sir John Herschel estimates that the north" 'ern8ummer at that distant period of the 'world's history was twenty-three degrees 'hotter, and tbe northern winter twenty- ' three degrees colder, than it is at the present. 'Every inhabitant of the north temperate 'zone has therefore reason to be grateful that the sun is in apogee at this season, for what 'would become o! the poor mortals who have 'been simmering in tbe -intense heat of the 'last five days If they were required to bear 'a temperature from ten to twenty degrees 'higher than the nineties in which the ther'mometer has been mercilessly revelling."

GREENBACKS VS. NATIONAL. BANK BILKS. That national bank notes shall be retired, and In lieu thereof there shall be issued by the government an equal amount of treasury notes witli full legal tender quality. Democratic Platform. The democratic party of Indiana is clearly and unequivocally committed to the retirement of national bank bills and the substitution therefor of -"treasury notes" greenbacks with "full legal tender quality." . This antagonism to the national back bills grows out of the fact that a better and a cheaper cur rency can be provided.- This fact has been demonstrated every day since greenbacks and national bunk bills circulated side by side in all the marts of trade in the country. As between the greenback and the national bank bill the latter has always been below par, though redeemable in the former and being the most costly currency of the two. The annual tax upon the people to float tbe national bank bills since 1HG4, when the first national bank was established, has averaged say $15,000,00) or $210,000,000 up to the present time, while had treasury notes greenbacks, been issued instead of national bank bills tbe entire sum could have been saved. But tbe democracy propose an improvement upon the greenback as now in circulation. It is to be a full legal tender or all debts, public and private; this done and the treasury note, to the extent demanded by the sound business Interests of the country, will be equal to gold. It is held Dy some who are really in favor of the financial plank in tbe democratic platform at the head of this article that the government has no authority to issue greenbacks or government notes. I f this be true, "what authority," asks the Bos to a Globe, "has the government 'to authorize ethers to do what it can not 'itself do? But government has the right, 'and bas always exercised that right since 'the days of continental money. TbU right 'the republican party deny, and say we 'must have tanks to issue paper money. 'Here was tbe dividing line between old 'federalism aud ancient democracy, and is 'the dividing line now. The republican 'party is made up mostly of bankers, capitalists, manufacturers', rich merchants and 'speculators. Opposed to this clssj are the 'honest and industrious masses. The pres'ent banking system was brought into being 'by the republican party. Ihe system per'mits any number of banks to go into opera'tion if they can raise the money to do so. 'The law requires that those who bank shall 'deposit government bonds with the secre'tary of the treasury to any amount say '$1,000,000 for which the government 'allows the bank so depositing to issue its promises to pay to the amount of $900,000. 'On the bonds thus deposited with the 'secretary of the treasury the government 'pays to the banks interest the same as it 'does to all other bondholders. Thus the 'bank is sura of that income to start with. 'The bank then loans out its $000,000 to A, 'B and C, oq which it receives all the way from six to twenty per tfe'nt interest, ac'cording to the straightened circumstances of 'those who want and must have money. 'Thus it will . be seen that the banks make 'their twenty percent, anyway on their capltal investeu. ' Kut, say the banks, e are 'obliged to keep a reserve in our vaults of greenbacks or gold to the amount of six per 'cent, of our capital, and then we have to 'pay a national tax and local taxes. True, but 'docs not eyerybody have to pay national 'and local taxes as well as do the banks, and 'does not' the money made by dis'counts on deposits of individuols more than 'pay all of these taxes,' national and state, 'besides paying all the expenses of rents and 'of bank officials? Certainly. This system is 'faulty, and bears heavily uion the people 'and upon the industry of the country. 'Why should capital have this advantage 'over industry? We do net use the terms .'capital and labor to create hate between 'labor and capital, for if there is any class of 'men we despise it is the agitator and the 'demagogue... We use the words to explain 'our meaning, and ask the question if the 'people have not good grounds for com'plaint. We claim that legitimate banking 'is a bank of discount and deposit, and is for 'the purposes of facilitating the collection of 'debts and the regulating of exchanges be'twten one section of the country and the 'other. Bu; the repubUcans say they should 'also be banks of issue. The democrats say 'no. Why should not tbe government say 'to these banks, return Jo us your bank 'circulation and take up your bonds? Then if you want money to bank. with we, the ' government,' will issue to 'yon the same amount of greenbacks 'you had out in your own notes, and we 'will take tiese same bonds in payment for 'the greenbacks. These bonds thegovern'xaent would 'then own, and could cancel .'them, which would reduce itho clonal 1

'debt three hundred and fifty millions, on 'which the government or the people pay 'say 3 and per cent. Interest, which 'would be a saving to the people of at least 'sixteen millions of money annually. If 'this were done there would be no more 'paper money outstanding than there is now. 'It would be merely substituting greenbacks 'for national bank notes, save the people 'sixteen millions interest money annually 'and reduce the national debt three hundred 'and fifty millions of dollars. Some would 'argue that this would in reality not be any 'reduction whatever, as it would simply 'change the form of liability. This is true to a certain extent, but it would certainly 'stop thelnterest account on the bonds and 'would have the effect ot giving to the gov'ernmentthe advantage of its own credit, 'instead of giving that advantage away to a 'combination of capitalists to make money out of the people." There is manifestly no sound financial reason for perpetuating the national bank bills, while, as we have shown by arguments that can not be refuted, tbe. greenbacks ought to take their place in the financial system of the country. The democratic theory, as set forth in the state platform, with regard to greenbacks and national bank notes becomes more acceptable to the people the more it is considered. The substitution of greenbacks for national bank bills would at once release the reserves the banks are now compelled to hold. "The present banks," says the (ilobe, from which we have quoted, "might continue to bank, only they would 'not be banks of issue,' as is now the case 'But, say some, 'We must pay the intere ta on our bonds in gold as we promised to do. 'So say we; but we would at ence call in all the outstanding bonds which are payable in gold, principal and interest, and reissue new bonds at a rate of four per ce nt, interest 'and in small denominations, so that these 'bonds can be taken up by the people, 'and make the interest payable in green'backi The people would make their in'vestments in these bonds instead of depositing all of their surplus earning! in the savings bank. What would the effeet of this 'be upon the public fund? We say tbat if 'the government should refund all of its 'bonds in four per cents , the Interest pay'able in greenbacks, the covernment wr.nM

'haye no occasion to use gold in any of its 'financial transactions, gold, not being re'quired for the redemption of government 'notes, nor for national bank notes, or for 'customs duties, would only be wanted to 'settle balances between this and other nations with whom we trade. And as our 'exports are greater than our imports the 'flow of the precious metals would quite 'likely be largely in our favor. Besides, we ft FA fys1j.viwv1n statin v a ly-vm w.'iU m. w mm pjVAva mvuutlUg UOIIVU, ISUAV Willi 'proper financial and commercial system, 'gold would be a drug in the market, as silver is now. Should the system we have 'here indicated be adopted, it would at once 'strike a deadly blow at the gold gamblers -'and the stock speculators, and that class of 'men who make money 'by and through 'class legislation, and all of those measures 'gotten up to enrich the few at the expense 'of the many." The revolution that is now going on in public opinion with regard to greenback and national bank bills promises to improve the business situation of the country. It is no use for the radical Shylock party to cry "expansion," "inflation," and attempt to arouse opposition to the march of correct improve the condition of the people throughout the country, to revive business, restore confidence and usher in an area of national prosperity. II IC ET UBKIUK. In winter, rugs; In summer, bugs; In Kicknesa. drug; In adversity, shrugs. Til lino rif tuiti 1 lfl '. iitm tV;a year. General lianks does not like to be interviewed on politics. Boucicault is going to write a new play this summer if he can find one. The black cat of Pio Nono, Morello by name, is well cared for at the Vatican. An intelligent pauper has appeared in Boston, who can beg in ten different languages. After all it appears to be the intention of the republicans of Charleston. S. C, to nominate a slraight-out ticket When Hayes was a boy and heard other boys arranging for a pood time he invariably said, "You may count me in." The princess of Wales, her brother, the ' crown prince of Denmark, and the beir to the throne of Belgium are all deaf. Since tbe first of May northern ice has gone up in New Orleans from $12 to $25 per ton, and manufactured ice Irom $10 to $22. "Fifty thousand dollars to the lawyer an $2,500 to the widow," is the way they divide estates in New York city, according to the ' Graphic. As Ayer's Ayers have $20,000,000 to divide among themselves, they are llkelto form the nucleus of and powerful and catbartio aristocracy. Orlando M. Barnes, the democratic candidate for governor of Michigan, is a native of Ira, Cayuga county, N. Y. He is about 54 years old. Tbe flying machine can not successfully wrestle with currents; and the same may be said of tbe small boy, if the currants happen to be green. If tbe sun knew his business he'd concentrate his rays upon the heads of a great many men who can't be hung and who refuse to drown themselves. The tramp won't work in the harvest fields. 'It's far better to sit in the shade and be told by an orator that he ought to have a carriage of his own. A South Carolina negro says of Wade Hampton: 'To' de Lawd! but eberry time dat man opens his mouf I feels dat I am, turnin' whiter an gittla' de kinks out'n my ha'r.". - A Fall are. Any attempt to produce a perfume in this or any other country that can surpass Dr. Trice's Unique Terfumes will prove a fail ure, for Dr. Trice's perfumes are as fresh and sweet as the flowers from which they are made, and eta not be improved.