Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 27, Number 35, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 April 1878 — Page 2

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THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, WEDNESDAY MORNING, AP11IL 17, 1878. 0

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WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17. RATES OF IXTEREST. The legislature of Kentucky has fixed the legal rate of interest at G per cent. Any rate above G per cent is usury. Formerly the law of Kentucky permitted parties to stipulate for 10 per cent, interest; then the rate 'was reduced to 8 per cent, and now It has reached G per cent., and fears a're entertained that Kentucky will suffer thereby. The Conner Journal says: A mortgage carries on Its face the contract for Interest, and necessitate! confining the contract within the limits of the letter of the law. If money can not be had at six per cf nt. those who get It on securities not subjected to public Inspection will have to inject a large share of personal honor into their credit. And those who loan and borrow noney in this way will do so In violation of law; ami the amount of such transactions vlll measure the hold the law has on the Intelligence, the respect and the necessities of the public. If money can not be -had freely and openly at six per cent, the legislature has done Incalculable mischief to the very class it proposed to benefit. Experience alone -can measure the extent of the mischief. If the e fleet prove to lie as bad as is now anticipated by many pernons the future at least may bo benefited by the rough experleace, and some inifolse and development may be given to the crude thought that has heretofore controlled legislation on this subject. The advanced idea with regard to money and interest is to permit the contracting parties to make their own bargains, but it is a fact notwithstanding that lenders always Lave tbe advantage, since the necessity to loan is never a pressing as the necessity to borrow. Nevertheless the very fact of citizenship with its dignity and responsibilities would seem sufficient to warrant the ability to make a contract in money as in anything else, and it has ieen difficult for a great many people to discover why statutes should regulate the price of money any more than the price of pork or merchandise generally, real estate or bank stock3, and the CourierJournal upon this point remarks: It has been noted by one of the ablest writers on the subject that a person of pane mind, and of the age at whicli persons are legally comjwtent to condnct their own concerns, must be presumed to be a suflicient guardian of his pecuniary interests; ami If lie may sell an estate, or grant a release, or assign away all his property, without control from the law, it seems very unnecessary that the only bargain which he can not make without the intermeddling of government should be a loan of money. The usury laws assume tht t lie borrower is always at the mercy of the lender; but in every community there is competition among lenders, and if one man can not borrow money at the rate paid by others it must be that he can not give such good security, nd tbe extra interest demanded of him la for the ' risk of his insolvency. The indications are that tire question of interest is likely to come before the legislatures of tbe various states, and evidently the tendency is to restrict lenders in their contracts for interest. The probabilities are, however, that by hook or by crook borrowers will be compelled to pay higher rates than the laws determine, or go without money. As a general thing usuary laws are dead letters upon the statute books, and the man who contracts to pay a rate above that fixed by law pledges his honor, and when he goes back on that he might as veil give ud business and pass to the rear as a dis graced individual. THE REPUBLICAN PARTY. Democrats will do well to note particularly the maneuvers of the radical conspirators to regain control of the government. Those who have the welfare of the country at heart, can not too frequently lay before the people an honest revrew of radicalism since, by an inscrutable providence, -it was permitted to inflict the country with curses such as were never before visited upon any country under heaven. In the plenitude of its power it unfurled the black flag and enacted the rote of pirate. From a population of forty millions of people it sought out with microscopic certainty the most infamous creatures that society had spawned for its representatives, and placed them in positions to debauch public virtue; to override law; to inaugurate anarchy; to plunder state and national treas. unes; to utilize perjury; to enthrone fraud; to overthrow state constitutions; to trample upon the liberties of the people; to dishonor the ballot, reverse the will of the people and to use the army for the purpose of protccting its crime cursed agents while they perfected their crimes in the interest of its infamous schemes. This party, in the wealth of ite impudence; this party of political tumtrs, of running ulcers; this party that represents all that is cruel in hates, all that is venal in politics, all that i3 abominable in morals, is whetting its fangs and husbanding its venom preparatory for another contest with the democratic party. With its lips parched with perjury, with its pockets full of stolen mone, with its soul full of festering lies, and with a creature in the office of president upon whose brew is branded the mark of fraud as ineffaceable as the mark that Jehovah stamped upon Cain, the radical party proposes to roll back the tide of reform, reinstate thievesand once more make the government as it was under Grant, a thing for flings and jeers, a hissing and a by-word among the natiens of the earth. Against this possibility the democratic party interposes the only barrier. With only a partial victory the democratic party has wrought wonders of reform. It has made Grant odious, nepotism despicable, public thievery difficult. It compelled Delano and Laundelet Williams to retire from places of trust It gibbeted Belknap before the country and .sent him and his No. ;2 slipper wife into disgraced exile. It has torn the livery from Boso Shepherd and Babcock and made them m detestable as their master who gave them opportunities to steal. It has nncapped a thousand dens of iniquity where radical thieves plotted their raids. It has'evolutionized public of inion and wrested eapire states from the grasp of radical conspirators. The .democratic party has contrci of the national house of representatives ami will soon Lave the senate. In its wisdom the country has hope. Its policy is national and its justice inflexible. The democratic party will sacrifice personal differences for the sake of the country, greater calamity could befall the country than the re-enthronement of radicalism. The revisitation of such a plague woaldbe more .than the countsy could bear. TLw? reinstatement of thieves 'would b a calamity Worse than the revitcl of ancient barbarism. To poUon again every fountain of honesty, to brothelize every department of the government, would be a 373? Gf fax reaching consequeacei that

a century would be required to uproot the stain. Bat it must not be forgotten that radical conspirators have commenced their work. To beat them back is the sublime work of the democratic party. The country has no other refuge. The work of organization must be commenced at once. tttVIXG AWAY LANDS. Mr. Dickey, in his speech upon the Pacific railroad question, gives the figures showing what the republican party has done in squandering the public domains, lie said: lint tot us examine what hiis been done la this regard nine lstil. The following table exhibits how the public domain has been squandered on cororations and monopolies: UCND G BASTS TO RAILROADS.

N umber of Acres. Al t Of Name of Corporation. 1S71 ISfl'J 1ST I isfirt 1-Stfii l.SUi !$ lS)Ki S. Alabama railroad-. .... Alabama and Chattanooga railroad 576,000 I7,920 New Orleans, Baton Rouge and ickburg railroad lKO,Ono tii,-iK ij.o.'J'J 4V4,771 Ki.01W 1M2.7SI 1,400,000 101,110 113,270 342,100 l,.V,i 00 M 000 frSO.OOO i, :-j9 5 U 5. 1 JW l.-.OtK) 2-i ",3 0 375,tiS0 JK8.S 0o,tX) arm jim 5,00i) w.nco 7.50,' w oOO.OOO 7ij,ou 2),0li0 lK),UKI 150,000 NIO.COJ 7',00 ajo.uoo 800,000 1,200,000 .VK),000 1,70-i,ooo 17,000 la'iiOO 200,01 M) li,uio ;p-i),ooo l,Wi(MIOt 100,000 .V,mfl,000 47,!M),01W 41',000,0' 0 S.OIiO.OiM) 13,400.000 Cairo and Fulton............... -. Memphls and Little Hock 1 jit tie Hock and Fort Kmlth Iron Mountain railroad .. Cairo and Fir ton railroad . I!..... lVj(J 1WL... i;l.. isrti 1H5 11 lSi... lfi St. Louis and Iron Mountain. Burlington and Missouri Chicago and Rock Island raillOIWi WtnMmtwtnm'Minnw Cellar Ildp.ds ani Missouri McGregor and Missouri River sioux C ity ami s-t. i'aui...... Sioux city ami racinc Jackson, Landing and Michi gan (regrant) Flint and Pera Marquette .. Grand Kanlds and Indiana 11 Bay deXoquet and Marquette 1S5 Marquette ana cm ton agon Chicago and Northwestern..... Chicago and North western-... West V'lsconsln. .. St. Croix and Lake .Superior... Bayfield Branch.. Chicago and Northwestern (regrantl ........ Portage and Superior St. Paul and Pacific . st. Paul ana Pacific Branch.-. Minnesota Central. '.. Winona and Ht Peter St. Paul and Sioux City...... Lake Superior and Mississippi Minnesota Southern..... Hastings and l'akota. leaven worth, Lawrence and Gnlveston..... 1SU... lSii lKtil 1501... 1MI istii... i;i . 1S45-.. 1H... lSii. lStfi... 1.VU-.. ls-Ji-W in;..., IHOtt.... INvL., 1S6L.., 101... ISM.... ISM... Atchison, Xopeka and Sanlal Union Pacific, southern l)Ift llCll wmt WMMH St. Joseph and Denver ............ Fort Scott ani Gulf . Southern Branch I n ion Pacific Placerville and Sacramento.... Central Paciflc,Oregon branch Stockton and Copperopolis. Oregon and California...... 1HIW. 1SI17. 1SH6-... 170... I!... Orcgon Central : .Union Pacific, Central Pacific 1SU2-70 and Kansas Pacific Vcirf hprn Partflrt riillrnml iset-70 1 ...., 1H71 ., I Atlantic and Pacific railroad'Southern Pacific railroad 'Central Pacific railroad.-... lsr.Mii 171 Texas Pacific railroad Total number of given away........... acres ro.ooo.ooo Two hundrol and eighty-five millions ol land given away! What a vast area of the public domain! More land than the whole of the New Kngland states. New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio and Indiana! ALd yet stlil they cry Give! Give! when we know the people ot all parties everywhere have condemned and denounced these outrages. Another method, and similar to the one now under consideration. Is th:it of loaning the credit of the government to these corporations, or becouilnEr their surety lor vast sums, which in the end the peop'e will have to pay. The. following table shows what was done for us in this regard : 1 IIOXCS ISSUED TO THE PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANIES.

3J, Name of IU11- 5 way. o -x 3 if 5 hi Central Pacific. lstri-4 iiAs.l-,o tl4,n,itj ti Kansas Pacific. 1ki,-'-61 ,:jo..iioo 4,01!,:m, C'J Union Pacific, im'-iii 2712 lS.WU.Wl 4i C. B. U. Pacific. l.Sfi-ei uw,iw i.o-jis 2i West. Pacific... lsttf-61 170,')W 1 ,017,G4 11 Sioux City and Pacific 1SKJ-61 l,f20 !2i,901 89 Total.. Ctl,l,512 7,S9&3!3 50

Showing that the Kovernment has paid, advanced by loaning its credit and cash to these corporations, the hum of f 37,Jftt,:U JK, while by transportation of malls, etc , th companies have repaid but little over JO.OOO.OUO to January 31, 187S. THE ISSUES OF 1S7S. To strike a line of distinction between the two leading parties of the country is certainly an easy task with all those who have taken any pains to post themselves. The difference 13 tangible and visible, and the contrast is as marked and definite as that between day and night. Xo one need ask what republicans now advocate, for the true status of that party may be more tolly gathered from what it has done from the record it has made. For seventeen yean they had the rule of the federal government, and the results of that policy are everywhere seen in the corruption of the public morals in the paralyzation of all business enterprises, and in the -cold mocking poverty that is crowding to the death almost every family of the land. The studied collusion with the hordes of government speculators the iron willed despotism that has chrushed out the rights of the common mass of our people the total disregard of all property interests, and of all the manufacturingprosperityof the country, which they have persistently evinced in all their legislation, have ultimated in brjghting tbe financial and industrial hopes of the entire republic. . All to make the dollar of the bondholder worth two dollars, the interest of which is to be paid in geld, while the crippled and maimed soldier, who poured out hia blood in defense of the Union, has always had to take his pension stipend in the floating currency of the country. The republican party, in violation of justice, changed the original agreement with the bondholders so as to pay gold interest instead of currency. They demonetized silver in order that the bocd interest should be paid only In gold, and they passed the resumption act with the purpose of contracting the volume ol the currency of the country, which' they have done. The result followed; property has depreciated; business has become stagnant; once prosperous businessmen have gone into bankruptcy by thousands, until the bankrupt debts of these wrecked citizens hare approximated" the vast amount of tbe nationaFdebt of the country; multitudes of industrious workmen have been driven to want and poverty, and most of the honorable avenue of making a living have been closed in the faces of the best artisans of the land. The rich are twice as rich as they were; while the poor find themselves beggars and hopeless pensioners on the miserable policy of the'government. This is the public status inaugurated by the policy and legislation of the republican lrty, and there Is no hope for the people in the coming future, save in the undoing of all these fraudulent and false political econ-

omies. Silver baa been Temonetized, which is one step out of the well, and this was forced on the government by the democratic party, and it remains for the same party to relieve the people by enforcing the repeal of the resumption aet, check the contration of the general currency of the country, repeal the national banking system, substitute tbe popular greenback currency and bring it up to an equality with coin, and then once more all classes of American citizens will be on a level, and the country can move on on a solid bases of justice and equality.

rissia Ann the siaKketm of the WORLD. Russia is forever asking the privilege of free commerce, and England is as persist, ently demanding that she shall be hedged in and tbut out from her manifest destiny Kngland without free communication with the food producing markets of the world would starve to death in six months. In this regard she is the weakest power on earth. To destroy England's merchant marine is to destroy England, and hence her solicituda to make privateering piratical. The New York Bulletin in a recent article discusses the Black sea grain movement, which is a matter of special interest to American grain merchants. It says: Very little information has yet been recei ved In tins country relating to the extent of the Black ses grain movement subsequently to the eessivion of hostilities, and what we Ret by the latest mail is very fragmentary and Incomplete. Apparently the slocks centered at the South Russian ports have been loss than was generally supposed here; but there appears to have been an Immediate rush oi steamers to Odessa and NicolaieQ" upon the completion cf the armistice, which quickly exhausted what supplies were on hand. By tracing the records of steam vessels leaving the ports of Odessa, Nieolalelf and Sebastopol between the 27th of February aud the 21st of March, we find that they look out t he following quantities of grain within those 22 d iys:

22 . O r. i x x . x t- -3 m- , .J t. "3w Z 33" $5 3 y Wheat 113,205 6,0"1 SO 000 P.jrley . . 47.3U0 lboo 2i,o"0 Itye M... .......... .... ...... il,000 Maize.... 2,:i7U 8,200 Total grain.... . 104,971 28.700 W,V)0

1719." 87100 S1.01H) ,57t 2M),171 It thus appears that about 2,3)0,000 bushels of gata two-thirds wheat win sent cut of t fie Uuslau Black, sea j"rts uurlng the firtt three weeks following the conclusion of lha armistice by steam vessels a'one: what was shipped, by sail we had no means of ascertaining; but as very high rates of fi eight were ex-aeit-d by the steamers, 1: is quite probable the s:i 1 shipments may have Ihhjii important. In addit mi to this actual movent -nt, there were cuthe2Jdof March 35 steamers in the panic ports, with a total capacity of ?,uoo quarters, loud ing or waiting for cargoes. Probably these vessels would have to wait some time to complete their caroes.foi an Oiesa grain circular, coverlLg carts from the 1st to the 12th of March, says that more than three-fourths of the local stocks had ben shipped, "leaving only a smalt remnant to wora upon for the present." The circular also says th .t "as the rivers were unimpeded by lc?, Important supplies were likely soon to come forward by way of water," and further makes the important ntatenient that "only about twenty per cent, of the wholi harvest ho. yet arrived, and there is a large quantity i-till unthrashed over and above thequautity awaiting removal at the railw-ty stations, and which is bi-innlug to appear at market." It would thus appear that there is a very large surplus of the Russian crop awaiting opportunities of shipment: and as steamers are awaiting to itctrlve It immediately on arrival at the i.Krts, it may be expected to make early large contilbutlous to the English and continental markets. What may l9 the capacity of the Russian railroads to carry grain, under the circumstances of an extensive military service having to be rendered by them, it is not easy to any. As, however, the movement of the nrmyis now towards the interior of Russia r.'tht-r than towards the port", it would M-em probable that trains employed in carrying troops home shou.d be able to bring a certain amount of grain freight o'i the return trips. In any event, the fact remains that Russia has still a very large stock of grain available lor exxrt, which, unless the war should be revived In some new tdmpe, will forthwith compete with our own .stocks. STAND DY THE PAP.Tr. Tf'e democrat who leaves the party at this time, when victory is within our grasp, very much mistakes bis true interests. This ia no time for democrats to think of taking part in the organization of a third party. The democratic party is largely in the majority both in tbe state and in the Union, and no human power can prevent the success of the democratic ticket in Indiana this fall and a great national victory in 1SS0, if every member of the party will bat do his duty. There could be no worse time Imaginable for democrats to think of encouraging the building up of a third party. To do so can have no other effect than to increase the chances of inflicting upon the country a continuation of republican misrule. No, democrat, every man of you, stand by the colors of the old party, and it will lift the people out of the mire and carry them to prosperity and happiness. It is the only party that ever has , ruled this country in the interest of the masses. THE PACIFIC KMLUOAD AND IIS EARNINGS. Measures are pending in congress to compel the Pacific railroads to reimburse the government for its vast expenditures. The movement is in all regards just and honest. The methods proposed are such in their operation as are not burdensome, nor will they in the slightest degree embarrass the management of the road. Under such circumstances it is not a little surprising that the Pacific roads at once combine their forces to defeat wise legislation, and are doing what taey can to stave off the payment of honest debts long over due. The indications are however that the Thurman bill will pass, and that the roads will be compelled to make payments in accordance with its provisions. Senator Morrill, of Vermont inbisepeech gave the senate to understand what these roads have thus far had from the government, and said: 1. AVehave given to them, as estimated at dltierfnt times by the general land oflice, from 20,000,000 to .'W.OOO.oOi) acres of public lauds, not wholly of much present value.hut with abu ndaut coolflelda of priceless value, exceeding even the Inexhaustible anthracite coal fields of Pennsylvania, and allording a cheap and marketable product as well as a supreme element In the cheap operation of the road. 2. We atded by len Jlng the companies our six percent, bonds for M years to the amount of So7,U!,ll.!, bfccnred at the outset by a first mortgage, and these bonds now brlug in the market over 18 y ? cent, premium. We gave our security and iook theirs to cover an exactly equal amount. 3. We consented to change the place of our mortgage security from the first place to that of a subordinate, and gave to the companies the privilege of Issuing an equal amount with a prior lien. 4. The whole of their charges for services in carrying the malls and other transportation account by the act of 1S2 were to be at once applied on their indebtedness, but by the act of mA only one-half was to be so applied. 6. In the first act all coal mine were reserved to the United States, but In the last thi'V wholly surrendered to the railroads. 8. Wo have thin far paid the accruing Interest on the second mortgago bond (less tit e amount reimbursed) to the extent of J24,3t3,8i2. Sve must continue the payment of this later

est as it falls due for twenty years longer, or a further sum of IUO,llO,ti20. Nothing of this will be due, according to the decision or the supreme court, until the principal is doe. Simple Interest upon these payments at six per cent, will amount to nearly or quite $70,000,000. If this also is not a debt, when we are paying six percent, upon a loan of millions, then it Is a gratuity largely In excess of the original bonds, and niw of thoe things never dreamed of In the philosophy of congress. The account stated as bet ween merchant and merchant, or letweert man and man, would show that besides lands, besides coid mines, besides credit, up to the year Woo, we shall .have aided these companies as alrendy Indl--'cated, to the extent of not less than $171(i,t21.

The roads are amply able to pay all that the government demands, as the statement of their earnings shows. The St. Louis Republican in commenting upon the subject says: The gross earning of the 1'nioii Pacific railroad last year were f 13,719,34:1, an Increase of of I l,fio5ii over the previous j'ear; and the operating expenses are to,102.2j3, being a decrease of S4-j,oU7 from the preceding yearshowing net earnings to have been tf,'il7,000. The central Pacific makes an equally good showing. Its net earnings for the five years ending with 1870 were as follows: 1872 - ri,9o2,Sil 73 17:1.......... ... 7,8S1,(W1 4i 174 .S,312,8iS 7(1 18 1 ........ ................ ................. ,l4s2 0 lS7t... . .. .9.17,004 73 Total for live years.... fllj&o 1,828 77 Average r.anual net receipts. . S,300,tft5 75 The gross earnings of the two roads were 21,U.Ni3 1n 1877, ana their net earnings sit,. 000,000; and their claim that they can not pay the sums required of them by the Thurman b'dl for a sinking fund to extinguish the debt they owe to the government Is then-fore manifestly absurd. Lrt year the roads paid out of tneir net earnings Jt,6l2,8i5 interest on their bonds, and $7S'i.0vT0 In an eight per cent, dividend to stockholders, leaving a surplus of f 1,121,702 unexpended. It is clearly unjust for the roads to aistrltnite their profits in dividends until they shall have made provision for paying the debt they owe the government. This debt, If It runs on for thirty ye irs, will be so large that they will not be able to pay it; but it a reasonable hare ot thelrannual profits is set apa t for a sinning fund, that fund will extinguish the debt by the time It Is due. The senate committee show that the two roads, alter paying the sums required of them into fie sinking fund and taking care of the Interest on their mortgage bonds, will have, the Union Pacific Sl.Olo.tjoO, and the Central Pacific frt.tSl.OOO, to distribute in dividends. This Ison a basis of their earnings for the last nve years, a basis which it Is certain will be increased In the next five years. The roads then can make provision for the debt due the government and ad their other debts, aud still have enough leit of their net earnings to pay annual dividends to their stockholders; so that what the Tliurtnau bill requires of them is not a hardship, but a very reasonable duty. It is stated that Moody and Sankey are supported from the income of $2(0,000. This fund is in the hands of three trustees, who are careful business men. A woman aged 105 years died at Jackson, Michigan, on Tuesday. A man over 102 years old died at the same time at Genesee, Illinois. NOTES AMI OVIMOAS. Goonsor;ir, a married teacher of California, has eloped with Miss Goodspeed, also a teacher. What's lu a name? Madamk RrtelIi in her will made a separate clause to bequeath her "bibles end bible stands" to her granddaughter. Chicaco has a "wholesale boot and bhoe association," organized for the mutual benefit aud protection of the wholesale dealers. Tiik school affairs of t. Louis and Chicago are still lu a muddle, and there seems no way to harmonize the great expenses with the exhausted treasuries. Is New York chorus singers get about 525 a week, if they are or fair voices. Tenors range higher, as they an; more important and more dinicult to command. A Lkwistowx, Pennsylvania, colony, numbering 70J persons, has gone to California. A laige amount of money and much household goods were taken along. "With his proceeds of the "Daaites" McKee Rankin hs bought one of the Thousand Islands in the St. Lawrence river. He will make tills his summer residence. In the Russian art eolSe ctioa sent to the Paris exposition all military subjects have been vigorously excluded. It Is not polite to insult even an enemy in his own house. Cokrksi-oxoknts from Home have Just got to the funeral of Pio Nono, aud Lvo XIII. has been at work economizing for ever so long, and the letter writers seem never to have found It out. Ska beau Jewelry is very pretty, and exceed ingly fashionable. The beans are of a deep cherry red, with a dividing line of black. They can be polished to perfection, aud wear well. A Baltimore Jewelry firm lately sent to Gal veston for two bushels of these lieans. The Rav. Mk. Jasper, of Richmond, Va., U soon to start on a lecturing tour. The people of Lancaster, Penn., Irrespective of color, have Invited him to ventilate his views on astronomy in that city. He Is going to state his case, and defy contntdiction on Bible grounds. Chicago pedestrians want the able bodied men daily sent to the workhouse to be put on the streets to clear otT the mud. In this way they can at least be made to earn the food they eat and save the already bankrupt city the additional expense for labor In the street department. A TKAMi-lately stopped at St. Peter, Minnesota, who has been ou the rul for 30 years. He started on his walk when he was 21, and he has never stayed more than a month in any one place. IIehasleen In every part of the civilized world, has never been arrested or In disgrace. A Kestixky farmer, desiring that his family fchonld keep up with the march of mind and matter, buys a regular supply of reading matter each year, consulting the varied tas.es of every member before doing so. He devotes the early product of one acre of his farm to effect this end. The body of the lUrou James de Rothschild rests in the Jews' quarter of Pere La Chaise at Pails. The letter R In high relief is carved upon the noble monument. Eich Jew who visits the place casts a pebble on the ground of the InciOsure, and consequently the place Is literally covered with rocks. A mem br a of the British house of commons moved that an establishment of a state theater of Shakespcrean dramas would be eminently exiedieiit In the interests of public culture, and would form the only suitable recognition, long since due from the Eagllsh speaking races, to the genius of Shakespeare. EDIsox, the inventor, is 81 yatvrs old, Is worth (130,000, and has an annual Income increasing ten fold every year. He has been to school but little in his life, but Is a clear rcasoner and never Indulges in guesswork:, 'lie is tireless, indefatigable, modest, and believes In his own ability to tike care of bis own auairs. In accordance with a wish of Mrs. Bonner's, expressed almost upon her death bed, no flowers were sent by friends to the house or to the grave during the funeral ceremonies. Mrs. Bonner shrank with morbid sensitiveness from anything like display over the dead, and was careful to Interdict any at her own fu serai. Is Maine last year there were five hundred divorces granted, one to every twelve marriages. Maine has the loosest divorce laws of any state In the Union. Justices of the supreme court have authority todecree a divorce In any case where they may be persuaded at an exparte hearing that It tFOuhl be "conducive to domestic harmony.'' .

COJIIXG EVEXTS.

Tbe Elections of Vi7H and tbe Ontlook for Democrats. Utica Observer. The elections will turn chiefly on congressmen and legislators. So governor is to be chosen in New York, Ohio, Indiana or Illinois. The states, outside of New England, which choose executives this year are Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, Kansas, Michigan, Nebraska, Nevada, Pennsylvania, Tennessee and Texas. In all, 17 of the 38 states hold what may be called a general election, and seven of these states are 60 small that they have, all told, only 12 representatives in congres t. The democrats hive a majority of about 20 in the present house. The republican object-is to overcome that majority and hold one chamber of congress during the eventful years which cover the next presidential election. We shall endeavor to give an impartial glimpse of the situation, with a view to discovering on what ground the republicans base their hopes and fears. Taking the states in alphabetical order, we can count on an nnbroken democratic delegation from Arkansas and Alabama. This involves no change. In California, where the democrats have two members and the republicans two. we could easily gain one if it were not ior the workingraen's movements. As it is, we shall be satisfied if we hold our own. In Colorado, where a democrat gained bis seat on a technicality, the republicans, if they are united, will gain a member. In Connecticut, represented at present by three democrats and one republican, we should not be surprised to see a republican gain of one. Delaware's single member is always a democrat. Florida will return two democrats a democratic gin of one. Georgia will remain as it is solid in its democracy. Illinois elected in 187G 11 republicans and eight democrats. A reversal of this order may be predicted on the existing condition of affairs in that state giving a democratic gain of three. Indiana, which now has nine republicans to four democrats, will probably elect at hast seven democrats to the next house a gain of th ree. Iowa and Kansas will remain republican and Kentucky democratic. We can count on a gain of two in Louisiana. Maine and Maryland will show no change. Massachusetts, which stands nine to two in favor of the republicans, is likely to remain so. Michigan will probably show a demo cratic gain ot at least one member. Mississippi is democratic. Missouri, which returned four republicans In 1S7G, will not return more than on a this year. Nebraska and Nevada are republican. In New Hampshire judging from the recent election the reIublicans will gtin a member. In New ereey, where the republicans now have three members, we look for a democratic gain of two. New York stands seventeen to sixteen, in favor of the republicans. The democrats will probably lose three districts which they now hold, but they ought to gain at least four a net gain of one. North Carolina s ar.ds one republican to congress, but he is no: likely to return. Ohio, represented in the Forty-fifth congress by twelve republicans and eight democrats, will, judging by the last election, send twelye democrats and eight republicans to the Forty-sixth congress. Oregon is naturally democratic, and tbe tactics by which the republicans carried the state in 1876 can hardly be repeated. Pennsylvania shows seventeen republicans and ten "democrats. In the previous house the democrats had seventeen from Pennsylvania. Unless some unexpect cd change occurs the next delegation will contain at least fourteen democrats. Disfranchised Rhode Island is republican to the core of its small, corrupt body. South Carolina will show a democratic gain of three. Tennessee and Virginia will probably each gain a democrat Texas, Vermont and West Virginia are fixed and unchangeable quantities. Wisconsin is likely to stand in the next house as it does iu the present republican by five to three. . From this hasty review it appears that the democrats will probably lose three representatives and gain 31 a net gain of 2S We have already Intimated that the strength of the nationals is the unknown factor in the problem. But if the new party beats tbe democracy in one district, it is pretty certain to help it in beating the republicans in another district thus neutralizing its own work in the largo held of national politics. It is well to remember that this early spring view of the situation may undergo a decided change before the blasts or autumn blow. But we are reasonably confident that tbe gloomy opinions of the western republicans will be justified by the logic of events. EESi BUTI.EKV TRICK. The Slassnchntetts Malesmaii Failed In Ills Purpose. IBaltimore Gazette. After one of the fiercest debates of the session the house of representatives yesterday elected General Field, of Georgia, as its doorkeeper. This result is intensely gratilj'Ing, first, because of the character of the man himself, and in tbe second place because of the principle involved in the struggle and vindicated in the is3ue. General Field is a gentle man of unblemished reputation, fine abilities and resolute will, and he may be relied upon to discbarge the duties of his otlice with sound judgment and nmcompromising integrity. 'I am under no obligations' said he to a Washington reporter after his nomination in caucus, -have made no pledges or promises to anybody for my election, and if the place is given to me I'll try my best to administer it properly. I shall attend to the business myself and see what is going on all around me." Thi3 modest but frank declaration of his intentions is characteristic of the man. lie will never give the domocratic party any reason to regret its choice. But it is not on this account alone that we rejoice in the result of yesterday's contest. With the malign cunning for which be has become notorious, General Butler sought to divert the real question before the house into a sectional conllict, repugnant to every true patriot and totally without apology or justification, and for a time it seemed as if he would succeed in inflaming the passions that had long been laid by the soothing how of fraternal feeling, and rend again tbe wounds that were on the point of healing forever. But the democratic majority, with cheering unanimity, refused to be provoked by his taunts or enraged by bis jeers, but repelling hiH insinuations with scorn and contempt, fearlessly carried out their purpose and elected their own candidate. They had chosen General Field solely on account of his fitness for the place; reconciliation having been made a plank in the national republican party and pacification declared the policy of a republican president, they did not make his military record a test of his qualification, and so between two soldiers they selected the one most competent for the p ace. To have yielded the right thus exercised to General Butler, would have been practicably to perpetuate the issue of the war and affirm the essential principle of the radical pel icy of hate. Their victory is an assurance that however potent the spell the gbost of the past can never again be successfully materialized in this reunited country, while it has forced from the republicans a measlre of justice to a gallant dem ocratic general that they otherwise would have resisted to the last. One of Rrlanam Young's Widows Marrim. Nevada Enterprise.! One of Bri;ham Young's widows is married. Brigham bad a separate harem down in the southern capital of the kingdom, and there Lucy Eigelow Young was stationed, and there Bishop MacAlister married her recently. The Salt Lake Tribune says of the marriage: "It was the event of the season at the southern capital. Tbe sorrowful yet resigned expression of Sister Lucy B., arrayed in her white and flowing endowment robes, as Johi waltzed her through the spa

cious halls of the temple, is described as perfectly angelic, while John looked like one of the priests on Mount Zion spoken of in Holy Writ. But the best of the business is that one of Sister Lucy's daughters is smitten with John also, and is determined that no other fellow shall rave her in kingdom come. Hence she has sued for a decree .of divorce from her husband."

Some Republican Advice. Pittsburg Dispatch, Rep.J Before it is too late we would again suggest that the state convention, at least of Pennsylvania, act sensibly and not like a collection of spoiled children. They know, apart from the quarrel with the senators and patronage hunters, that President Hayes baa given in the main an efficient, straightforward and clean administration. When the wheels of government under his predecessor were being run by Belknap.Delano.Robeson and Williams, republican conventions found something to praise. Occasionally it was hard work to discover material for laudatory resolutions, but nevertheless it was invariably found somewhere. How ridiculous will it not seem to affect a sudden blindness now, merely because Senators Cameron, Conkllng and Blame have been disappointed in their personal ambitions. Don't Want Examining Grannie. fNewark Advertiser. Civil service reform is not lathe work. The man who passes the best examination may be the most worthless in tbe clat s. The best accountant may be the most tricky peculator. The best penman may be the most skillful forger, and the bones test of the lot may be a good-for-nothing at the desk or in the general work. The true plan is to exact a severe responsibility from the appointing power, and not to transfer it to a jury of five examing grannies, with no end of subexaminers appointed by them, making a new expense but working no reform. Will Somebody Hold the Mule? (Washington Post.J Mr. Hayes is said to be nearly ready to tackle the New York custom house again. The developments of, the investigation growing out of the disturbance raised by Collector Smith, of Chicago, about the evil methods of business in the New York concern, have stiffened the presidential backbone a little, and he would be willing to renew the attack on Conkling's pets at once if he could only he assured of success. Like a small boy who has been kicked by a mule, he would like to kick back if somebody would only agree to hold the mule. KnoitKb to Krins old Hickory from the Grave. New York Sun. The complaisant indifference of some socalled democratic leaders in the presence of a crime that has defrauded both their party and their countrj is enough to bring Old Hickory from his grave. How one ringing "By the Eternal!" from his lips would clear the air. What a shiver it would send through the throng of sycophants and of nervous old women in trousers who make np the self-enlisted democratic body guard of fraud! A Just and Noble Thin;?. ISt. Louis Times. Having disposed of the doorkeeper question yesterday, the house did a just and noble thing in placing James Shields, of Missouri, upon the retired list of the army, with the rank of a brigadier. This action approaches a fitting recognition of the old hero's services, and relieves our democratic friends in the house of representatives of an imputed slight upon one of the best soldiers and ablest senators the republic ever had in its service. Tbe Oregon Outlook. Courier-Journal. Oregon will elect a governor, a If gislature and a member of congress on the first Monday in June, snd the legislature elected then wfil choose a United States senator to succeed Hippie-Mitchell, the notorious corruptionist The democrats have 45 members, the republicans ol and the independents 4. The latter acting with the democrats secured the election of Mr. G rover to the senate. ' Wbat Bayard Taylor Kenreieutw. New Yorkliun. He represents an administration not rightfully in power; he represents a president never elected by the people; he represents the first successful effort to overthrow popular government in the United Slates. He may speak a dozen languages, but he can say nothing in any one of them to gainsay this proposition. He may be the best of ministers, but nothing can be worse than what he represents. Remarkable I'rogre in Science. Scientific American.l Three remarkable steps In scientific progress and discovery have been made within the past few months: The reduction of the telephone to practical use on telegraph wires; the discovery of the phonograph, by which the sounds of the human voice is mechanically recorded and redelivered; the liquefaction'of hydrogen and oxygen gases by pressure and cold. Harried Men's lleligtou. The doctrines of hell still trouble the public mind. Some people have very evidently a personal interest in having its fires put out. Others, who expect to go in another direction, are less excited. It is a curious fact that most married men have a strong leaning toward Universalism, the grounds of their argument being that they are having their full punisnment in this present life. General Shields and tbe Senate. Washington Post. It remains to be seen now whether a republican senate will defeat the measure restoring the gallant Gene'ral Shields to the rank ot a brigadier and placing him on the retired list. The patriotic ardor which carried the old warrior through the house will probably be found wanting in the cold and unsympathetic senate. The average senatorhas a large sense of justice, but no emotionThe Evidence Is Conclusive. I Boston Post. Mad Wells has begun a libel suit against the Philadelphia Times for having accused him of stealing mules. Judging from the leading characteristics of the present administration, and in view of the fact that Wells helped to steal it, we should say the evidence of his having stolen ooe mule was conclusive. lie Mlfc-bt nave Been Mistatten. V:iKhIngton PokU The Hon. Zachariah Chandler, when asked whether he really believed that ' Hayes had 1R5 votes and was elected" when he caused that alarming intelligence to be promulgated by magnetic telegraph, replied that he did, but added that be might have been mistaken, as there is no certainty in anything that Hayes is concerned in. Can't Maud Macb Hurling. Philadelphia Times. Some of the republican organs of the state are appealing to the legislature to adjourn, because a prolonged session is bound to hurt the party. This ia the powerful talk that will move the members if anything will, for the party is a very delicate and tender thing this year. It can't stand much hurting. . - Ominously Suggestive. A book is announced with the ominously suggestive title of "Hint to Plumbers." There must be aa end to this. Any move ment tending to give tbe plumber more perfect facilities for preying upon the public will be regarded as a conspiracy against tho. peace of society;