Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 23, Number 43, Indianapolis, Marion County, 19 May 1874 — Page 6

THE I INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, T UESDAY, MAY 19, 1874.

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AMONG THE BOOKS.

A GLIMPSE AT THE PUBLIC LIBRARY REPORT OF THE CITY LIBRARIAN. wt-w HT WTRIT THK I.RO-WTH OP OF.!KRAL . BEADING. , . . . The following Is the report of the public librarian, suDmltted to the library commit tee at their last meeting: ' Gestlkmiw: I herewith' respectfully sub mit to yoa the first annual report 01 me uhnrv ti"nlAr inv chanre. Of the origin and iiitrv of thA Hbrarv no to the time ot it opening to the public, April P, lSJ. it will not bo necessary lor me to speak, that hatintr wn hrvwn in the preface to the cata logue; but of lta present euere and usefulnews, something which at first seemed to be doubtful, the statistics that I am able to present to you must be a cause of congratulation to those who have eo closely watched its budding growth, and Ihe promise It presents of future usefulness. That a publie library waa needed, the gratifying results of the past year have clearly shown, and that this is no temporary success, can be inferred from Its daily Increasing membership and rrMiTntmn the Increased interest felt in it by all classes, both rich and poor, an shown in thA tritt and the attendance, and the fa- . Torable comments of both press and people. The number of volumes at presnt belonging to the library is 14,560. received as fol lows: .- . . ''. ' ' nnrrhmu A .'.10,171 iy donatlon...........-................. &1 ' Total - ltt Thefe have also been added 15 pamphlets, all of them being gifts. Of the 4,:i83 volumes given, 3,549 w ere the Kitt of the Indianapolis library association. Of this collection too much tan not be said ' in its praise; selected with care and discriminatkm bv its oflicers, this library showed . throughout the good taste and Knowledge of literature of its purchasing oommittee.and was exerting a largo inilueuce in forming the taste of its members. Seeing in a public library an opportunity for greater influence and more extended good than the associa- - tion probably ever could offer, they generously donated their entire collection to the public. I would recommend, gentlemen, hat a copy cf the catalogue be presented to each of the members of the association as a slight acknowledgement ol the value of the gift. The Rev, E. T. Fletcher has shown his - warm interest in the library, by donating, with other gifts, the bound volumes of newspapers collected by his lather, the late Mr. Calvin Fletcher. The collection numbers 184 vplumes, all of them in an excellent täte ol preservation, a number of them being unique. As an addition to the local history of the city the collection is invaluable. 1 -would mention in this connection.the intention of the management to make the library the depoe itorynf, ryUiing in any way reV latin g to the history of the city and state, - and would ask the co-operation of all friends ' of the library to assist them; no book orj pamphlet, however trival, can be of so little value as not to hnd a place in sucn a coiiec tion as it is our desire to make. THE SCOrE OF THE rOLLECTIOX. At present there is no library in the state where the luture historian can lind his ma terial at hand. Among other gifts, that of Mr. Charles Cox, ol US volumes, is worthy of special mention. Our representatives in congress. lion. O. P. Morton and Hon. John Coburn, have also kindly remembered the library during the past year. A list of all the donors of books and pamphlets will be found appended to this report. The total number of names registered during the Jrear from April 1, 1573, to April 1, 1874, was 5.220: of these 11 have chosen to make the deposit, nine ot wnom have since withdrawn. ' This exhibit is a gratifying one, as showing how much the library was needed, and its popularity with all ; and compares favorably with that ol other cities. The registration at Cincinnati for 1872-3 being 4,410, and at Boston for the same time, 6,foS. An examination of the table at the end of this report will show no falling oft in the gains to tbe library in tnis respect. The number ot days during which the library has been open for the delivery of book- during the year was 313, and for twelve hours of each day. The number of volumes received from the library during the vear was tl01,281. A comparison of the number ot volumes in the library and the number taken daring tbe year, will show that if every volume belonging to the library had been taken, which, of course, is not the case, each volume would have circu lated nearly seven tinies. IIow this use of ihe library compares with that of other cities, will be seen from the following table, taken from the report ol the Lawrence public library: H 2 7 B : i r2 at -t -i p ? : re JfAMEOK I.IKRAKY. Manchester, N. H-, UtyJ N. Y. Mercantile. lltGl) Cincinnati, Public, (1&72-4)... Charleston, Public,. (1871--. Indianapolis, Pubti, 1S73-4) lioHton (Lower Hall) Public, llXTl'-t) Worcester, City, (1872) Uiwrenre, Public, (1873) 17.WB 127--SJ7 r.siooj 2J0 2.0 4.4 UM 7.0 7.1 11 385,(04 1377 tÖ.WCH 101.2K1 73.2W S2,fi0ä 11,411 lI.S8i The Lawrence library, however, In its count of volumes does not include duplicates; nor is U a count of volumes but of books; which would lower its high per cent., although it would atlll show the largest use ' of the library, in comparison with the number of volumes. The average weekly circulation of the library for the year was 1,943; the largest weekly issne being that for March I 19-2B, when 2.544 volumes were drawn; the smallest, 1,303, In September 22-29. The average daily circulation for the year was 324; the largest number being drawn on Februarv 14, 771; and the smallest, on De.cemberS, 137 CrASSIFICATIOIf OK THB;CIRCCr.ATION. The circulation of the library naturally leads to the question of the character of the books taken; and on this head we have nothing new to offer.. Our experience has onry been that ol libraries organized before us ; it will bei the experience ot public libraries that are to be. Three-fourths of the number of books taken wilt be works of fiction; and this appears to be a law unto itself; that in every community of similar social conditions, three-fourths will read lor amusement, the remaining fourth being students, or, those who read for improvement. You may lower the number of your works 1 fiction, or even discard tbem entirely from tbeshelves; you end only in driving away those who would otherwise read. In discarding the positively I mnioral and viciou books, - the library ba done all that a public library, taxed for the benefit of all classes of the people, have yet attempted to do, and succeeded. And let It be understood that by immoral and vicious books is not meant the ..claas of books of which Mrs. Southwortb and Jifrs. Holmes are the exponents; these books are not immoral ; they are not vicious; they Are merely feeble, ana are meant for and do meet the wants of the class for whom they were Intended ; to eliminate them would be a discriminate unfairly against das is.

the community who crave and are only saiiafied by them or their equivalents. The loud outcry against this class of reading does not come from those who, by experience, have learned the needs of the poorer classes of society. , The report of public .libraries are uniform in their opinion that this class of reading, should, in proper quanties, be -sup-nlied. The following table will show the

classification of the circulation for the'year. (April 9-21, not included.) - . - N u m-! PerlPereenot . ber, taten ken t Action by ) t months. Fiction.... German and 78,364 77.8! May. W 1 French. 5. Uune, 80. Poetry and lranxa Science and Arts ...I....'... Voyage and Travels History and Biography.. i.StJiuy. m.b , .1,75 IJ ept. 4 1 ct. 4,112 78.4 AUicellaneous Nov, I tee. 77.1 77.2 CS. 73.5 Keb. Mar. 73J Our per centage of fiction for'the year, Is higher than that of other libraries for the same lime, Cincinnati reporting for the last year 73.8. while the per centage at Boston for 1372 was 74 .Z. several causes nave operatea to make this so. chief among which may be mentioned the want of a catalouge daring the earlier months of the library's existence. Practically, the library was without a cataogue for the first eight months, and readers during this time necessarily called for books best known, those ror the most part Doing oi a light or readable character; and.it was not until about the hrst ol Septem ber,. when the first sheets of the catalogue were accessible to the Dublic, that the decrease in the per centage of fictitious works began. From that time the decrease has been steady, and the proportion for the last three months will, with the exception of the summer months, be the proportion probably for the year Lower than this we cannot expect; a higher percentage is more probable. This, however, is not a matter to be deplored ; it is, on the contrary, an indication of a healthy taste in a community, and, judiciously met, cannot but act favorably upon its future. EXTREME 'IN TASTE. The deepest students sometimes turn with pleasure and profit to the pages of the nov elist; and there is difference only In degree, from the relaxation they experience in readingMiddlemarch ;" and the momentary lor getfulnesa of her cares of the sewing-girl, losing herself in the pages of the "Deserted Wife." Between these two extremes -there lies a class of fiction, much of it pleasantly written and some of it of a strong moral tone, against which nothlngcan be said. The works of Mrs. Muloch Craik, Miss Yonge, and Mrs. Whitney, exert not only a pleasant, but unconsciously, a deep impression upon the minds of mostot their readers an impression that is not eradicated by the basty and earless reading given to the 'works . of Mrs. Soutbworth and -Mrs. Holmes.-- The supply of the lighter and more' sensatie'hal; of the works of fiction has purposely been kept below the demand ; and every endeavor made to place in the baudd ol disappointed applicants the healthier aid better class of light literature. For this purpose these books were largely duplicated. The benefit , of this policy will 18 seen from the following tabic, which is the result of an analysis of a thousand volumes returned to the library March 28th and 30th, and is a list of all the writers of fiction who contributed two or more volumes to the number returned. Two other analyses were made for the same month, each giving to Mrs. Craik the largest number of volumes, respectively 17 and 31 ; the leading authors retaining with individual changes relatively the same proportion as in the following list: Name of Author. s Name of Author. - KS Muloch-Cralk 2S 41 KavaDaugh, J...... 1H 41 Yonge, C M 17 ltt 1 i-kns, Chas . 11 b-'t Cooper, J. F.. 14 30 Warner 8. A A.. H 4!i Lever, Cha..... 12 38 South worth, Mrs. 12 :i Holmes, M.J 12 31 Lewes, M. J .. 10 41 Alcott, L. M IV 74 Bulwer.H.Lytton 10 2 Scott, Sir Walter. 10 S Church, Mrs. F . b Kd wards, A B 15 Brad Ion, M. .... 24 Wood, E. B (8 Tautpbausd, ivon. smith, I. P 6 Fisher, C. F7 Ingelow, J....5 Smith, H 1 Hawthorne, M - 20 Bronte, A .... a Bronte, ü 4 Thackeray, A. I.... 17 (iaskell K. V 23 Newell. K. M 29 Terhume, M. V.. 9 81 Ulphant, Mrs 7 S2 Htowe, II B . 7 22 Whitney, A. D 7 Zi Stepbens, A. H... 7 21 Reade, Charles..- 7 2U Dumas, Alex . 7 8 Bioughton, It H Montgomery, F. 8 Harris, M. v. 10 Prentiss, K .... 9 Wilson, A. J.. 8 Schwartz. M. S...... 10 Mayo, I. F.. 24 Käme, L. de la...- fi 13 Hentz, V. 6 5 Collins, Wllkie.... tl 32 MacDonald, Geo 6 M Tbackery, W. M- 5 12 Kre, A. H 5 7 Peard, F. M. 5 12 Ki wards, A. 2 7 Wright, J, MCH... 14 ülsraeU, L...M... 4 Benedict, F. L. 12 Yates, K II 20 Alnsworth W. 11. 15 Dudevant, A L.. 14 Charles, E. It 2 Dorr, J. C K. . 8 CT1K, u. ai . 2 2 Kltchie, A. C. Cudllp, A 2 ill Arthur, T. 8 5 Parr, L . 2 12 Aguilar, U 2 12 Austin, J - 2 Kullert on. O 2 7 0ore,C.tl.F 2 2 Kuller, M. 2 6 Kiddell, J. H 2 Mündt, CM 2 4 Witt, O. de 2 3 Bright, M. A. 2 3Cowlns,L.B 2 3 Douglass, A. M..- 2 tf Mcintosh, M. J.... 2 12 rieMillie, J.... 11 lAwrence. a. V Kggleston. ... 7 Holland, J G 4 McCarthy, J 9 Warren, s 34 Simms, W. i 6 Walworth, M. T 4 Brooks, U. 8 5 Virion, 11 4 Hamilton, C.V Total,.. .445 In addition to the authors mentioned above, 87 others contributed one book each to the 1,000; making a total ol 532 volumes, representing 174 authors, it will be seen that all the authors against whom the charge of sensationalism can be made, furnish only about one-tweltth ot the entire circulation; while the names of Dickens, Cooper, Scott, Bulwer, and female novelists of nearly equal merit, are near enough to the head of the list to show max their works are not only read but appreciated. READING ROOM. ' This room has been open to the public for twelve hours on each and every day of the year, and has merited and received a large and liberal patronage. During the year 1873 71 magazines and periodicals were received!; this year the library is regularly in receiptor 110. inclusive of three daily newspapers. The liberal oolicy adopted a the commencement, of keeping the library and reading room open on Sundays, nas met witn general iavor; on no Other day oi tne weea is tne attenaance more aeneral or the behavior moro decor- . . . . a i it i ous. The largest use oi tne room on mis day is made by young men; - and I can not but look upon tnis iacc as one oi tne oest evidences of the good the library is doing.That this dass, many of whom are witnout the religious feeling which prompts them to attend divine service on that day, and who are generally led to grace the corner ol the streets, or other public places, for want of better employment, should find hire a place congenial to their tastes and ' instructive to their minds. Is worthy of your attention, that every inducement may be offered to attract and draw in others. The necessity for more room and better accommodations than the present reading-room affords, can not be too strongly urged; the seating capacity oithe room is often less than its patronage, and until a larger room is obtained this cannot be remedied,". In fact, in all departments.tbe library baa outgrown lta aceomniodationa, anjl the question of its removal to larger and more commodious quarters is worthy of your serious consideration. In no other way can its influence continue to be extended, and the full benefits of its privilege obtained. CATALOGUE. For the necessary economy and good working management of the library, three different methods of cataloguing are neces

sary, the "Accession Catalogue," in which books are entered In the order of their arrival, and which furnishes an historical statement o! all books from their purchase; the "Shell Catalogue," or catalogue of the arrangement of the books on the shelves; and the "Card" and alphabetical catalogue, giv

ing entries more or less as the book may re-1 : j j. - .1 .x.i . - i uuiro, uuuer ii auioor, unw, anu suujei-b. From this last the printed catalogue, a vol ume of 337 pages octavo, was made, the work being completed and delivered at the library about the first day of November. The typo graphical execution and workmanship o: the volume is excellent, and retlects credit not only on the Printing and Publishing House where it was executed, "but through them upon the city. Copies of the catalogue have been sent to the principal libraries , in this country and England, and valuable aa ditions to the bibliographical department ol the library received in exchange. Fifty copies have been sold. . Through taecour lesyof the daily papers, lists of the new books added to the library nave )een printed once a month, thus keeping readers io formed in regard to the late additions. Ap pended to this report will be found a list of an uooKs added to tne library since tne issue or tne catalogue; ana this list it is proposoa to continue in subsequent reports, until such time .as the growth of the library warrants me issue of a supplementary catalogue During the year, 91 volumes have been bound arid repaired, at a cost to the library or$27 81; an average of 42 cents per volume, The item of binding will, in the future, be no Inconsiderable one, and I would recom mend, as s precautionary measure against tne rapid wear of the books, as well as a pre ven taute against soiled and greasy covers, that the volumes in greatest demand, namely .taction and J uvenile, be covered. The add! tional expense which this will entail will,' think, be balanced by greater comfort in handling and consulting tbem, as well as by the added strength the coyer will give the volume. MTSCEIXASEOrs. Fines amounting to f 157 66 have been col lected during the year on 3,481 books, show ing an average detention of about four days. I would take this opportunity to acknowl edge the faithful and efficient services of my assistants, Miss Mary Bradsbaw,Miss Fannie Currie and Misses Mary and Lottie H. Allen, who have . performed the oltimes Irksome duties of their positions with credit to them selves and benehtto the library. The rapidly increasing circulation of the library, bringing with It as It does additional duties, would seem to fully lustlfy an increase in the salaries of the day-assistants ; at least, the placing of them, in this respect, more on a level with other departments of the educa tional . system of the city. While their duties may not be so severe as those employed in the city schools, their labor is . certainly., more protracted, as fatiguing. and their work as intelligently and faithfully executed. The duties of night at tendant during the year have been faithfully and well perlormed "by. Mr. B. P. Cadwallader. Changes of a merely personal charac ter have been made in the night force, bring ing with tnem, however, no increase in the number employed, nor in remuneration. It is hardly necessary for me in closing this report to again refer to the great need of additional room for libiarr purposes, and the advisability of providing the library with a home of its own. There is no doubt that such a change would act beneficially, for be sides affording it greater facilities to extend its influence, it is giving the librarv an in dividuality it will never have in its present quarters, it is now too orten spoken of as being the high school library, the name im plying a restriction in its use. This, it is true, is a small matter, but if, in placing it apart by itself as the public library, tree to all, it speaks to any who would not otherwise be reached, this end is worthy a trial. In conclusion, I would remark upon the increased literary activity of the city during the past winter; never before have the number of "reading clubs" and "social meetings" for the discussion of literary topics been so numerous. This may or may not be attributed to the influence of the library; but certain it is that the impetus given by the opening of the library has awakened many to the fact that the intellectual growth of the city should keep pace with the material growth ; that they should go hand in hand to make the name of the city, not only the synonym of wealth and great business activity, but also for a large and liberal culture. The excellent school system of the city will da much to lay the foundation for this. We must look to the libraries to advance it and carry it on. APPECDIX 1. LIBRARY STATISTICS, 174.

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Respectfully submitted, CHAUiKS Evans, Librarian. One of the first stories of heroic life and death in modern times, is that of George Gordon, sixth earl of Aberdeen, who was lost at sea three years ago while serving on an American vessel sailing In the West Indies. Possessed of wealth and a generous heart, he believed that humanity had some claim on him and be detenr fned to prepare himself practically on the dutiesof bis exalted position. He came to this country and und-jr an assumed name, worked for a living with his hands,all unbeknown to his fellow workmen. He finally became an able seaman and was lost in a storm. ' His mother, the Countess of Aberdeen, has just sent a contribution1 of 11,600 to the Amercan Seaman's Friend Society, of Boston, lof the purchase of books for sailors'. ' ' ' ' 1 1 : " : K .i.-.A .... . i m .. - A statement has been published by Mr. Frederick Douglas, the new president of the Freedmen's Savings Bank, at Washington, which shows a deficit - of about f 200 ,000 of available assets below the liabilities. Mr. Douelass appears, however, to be still confi dent that, with patience, the depositors can J do paid in run.

THE COST PROD LEU.

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION. IMPOBTAJTT STATISTICS OX RAILWAY FREIGHTS : WHAT IT fOMTS TO A TON OF FREIGHT A MIL B THE COMPARATIVE RXPE.1SE8 OP PAHSENOXB A3ID FRKIQHT TRAINS. ; At a regular meeting of - the Chicago En gineer's Club, lately held in . the Academy of Sciences, Mr, , L P. Moo rehouse, of the Illinois Central railroad, read a paper "con earning the cost of transportation on rail ways," from which the following interest ing extracts art taken : The busineeK of transportation has. hardly yet attained the position of an exact science, and,- indeed, from the crude theories and contradictory statements to frequently met with in the discussion of the matter, - it would seem that the very foundations which underlie the whole subject are not well established, k 1 . , - 1 , , 1 , m (.ieasbaru not universally acanowieageu. The object of this pber is to bring clearly to view two or tnree or the - facts that may be1 called foundation atone, One of the most important questions inyolvod 1s in re lation "to the reasonableness of rates," and Inquiry should be made to ascertain, if possible, what principle should govern the eslaDiisnment or cnarges tor transportation It is evident that in estimating the cost of performing anv work the actual outlay of money incurred is a very important element in determining what should be the amount received by the performer from the party for whom the work is done, and our first inquiry will be the cost of doing the busi ness railways perform. If we ask what is the cost of transportation of railways we may be reminded that according to statistics the average expense of running a train one muo on an tne roads of Uhio, Pennsyl vania, Illinois, New York and Massacbu sette,forthe year 1S?2 was one dollar. But a glance at the fitrures shows this varied from 85 on the Ohio roads, to 131 cents on tne Massachusetts roads i and. noon exam ination, we find that this latter amount reoresents an average of amounts varying from 99 to 178 cents. While, therefore, we accept one dollar as the average for the five states named, we see at once that it may be unfair to taae mat sum ior any one of the above mentioned states, and probably much more so ior application to anv particular road The expense for maintenance of wav should a . a De aiviaea De t ween the passenzer and freicht Dusmess in proportion to tne damao-e done by each. This is in proportion to the weizht anu speea wi : rains. a ...... . - o - THK WEIGHT OF FRET3HT TRAINS is about twieo that of passenger trains ; the speed about one-third less. A freight train of the same weight as a nassen eer train would do two-thirds the daciace to track. The passenger train mileage, therefore, rep resents, so jar as tne maintenance or wav is concernea, a ireignt train milage ol three fourths that amount. Switching trains may be considered as representing one-third of I freight trains; and construction and fuel trains may be taken as equivalent to freitrht trains. Taking the Illinois Central railroad as a standard, Mr. Morehouse then iecertains by careful statistics the cost of a trainmile to be about one dollar and twenty two cents, and then he states that, having found tne expense per tram mile, we proceed to ascertain me cost per ton. The averace weignc oi a train is about three hundred and forty tons, and tba load S.VA tons, including eignt ana one nan tons of company's materi als, so mat me paying freight is 77 tons, The total expense of 121.84 cents, divided by tne i t tons, gives i.ööi cents ior tne total ex pense p?r ton, and the amount 63.4 cents re duced, likewise gives S 23 mills for the di rect expense. The average train consists of Fine loaded, nine empty cars, and the way ar. could a load be secured for one of the mptycars, the additional expense would be small. A charge of three mills per mile would pay a profit on this particular car ioaa. li p-nomer loaaeu car be put into the train, the total cost would be less than four mills per ton. The detailed estimate is onethird. As to the cost of moving the whole train (including dead weicht and load) we have: For a train of 340 tons. 3.50 mills per ton; for a train of 350 tons, 3 55 mills; for a train of 360 tons, 3.49 100 mills. It maybe of interest to pursue the investigation, so as to mciuae tue question ot tnrouzh traffic between the Eat and the West. Asset tions are frequent that with a double track steel road from Chicago to New York, devoted exclusively to freight trains running 10 minutes apart and at a speed of eiebt miles an nour THE COST PER BUSHEL Of transportation of wheat the entire dls tance may be reduced to six cents. Using the data we hare before us we will make an estimate of minimnm charges. Trains each ten minutes ior sixteen nours per day, say one hundred trains per day; grade and align ment such that a train may consist of fifty cars weigning eigbt tons and carrying twelve tons each, weight of train (paying oad), (XM) tons; dead weight, 4(30 tons; work ing in the year 330 full days; aggregate tonnage, ls.U00.0U0; and we should have for 340 tons, 63 4-10 cents; 720 tons, 103 1-10 cents, or a total direct increase of 1GG6-10 ceuts. The computations as to difference in abor, slow speed, etc, are omitted. 1 This would leave 156 1-10 cents ior the direct train expenses. Tnis is ror a run train ot nay cars, carrying 600 tons, going East. For the fifty cars returning, on the supposition that the lastern and western freights are respetivelv seventy-five and twenty-five per cent, or the total tonnage, we should have only 200 tons ol load and a total train of 660 tons, and the cost would bs I detailed cm putation omitted at the rate of 323-100 mills per ton. to what degree the indirect ex penses would be reduced by th:s immense business it is impossible to say. On the Lake Shore road there appears to be about forty per cent. If we take half that amount lor our nynotneticai roaa. ana can tnem twenty per cent., it can hardly be estimating them too high. This would be 80-100 of a mile, and the total expense would be IH 3-100 miles. Accepting the popular estimate of 150,000 a mile f ir the cost of the road, the net earnings shonld be f 15,000 per mile; and, this to be earned by a traffic Eastward of 18,000,000 tons and Westward of 6,000,000 tons. For the net earnings we must add 63-100 of a mill, bringing t be gross earnings up to 4 67-100 mills. 1 submit that, from the data before us, we are warranted in fixincr the minimum averaee rate at one half cent per mile per ton. The cost for 900 miles would be 1.50 per ton, or at the rate of 13)i cents per bushel. . CENTRAL AMERICA. OUTRAGE UPOH A BRITISH CONSUL SHOOTING OPTHECOMMASDA2IT. New York. May 13. A Panama letter of May 3 gives an account ot . a tragedy that occurred at San Jose de Guatemala: It ap pears that the commandant of' the post, Col. Gonazles, had a personal difficulty with the British Vice Consul, John Magee, in refer ence to a clearance for a vessel lying in port, and they had exchanged blows on the Btreet. Anril 24th Gonazles summoned Magoe to cume to his office. , The latter excused himself, alleging that lameness prevented his walking. A party of armed soldiers were sent to bring him, dead or. alive- , Magee was arrested, thrown into a cart i ami ' jolted over the rough stones to government headquarters. Here Gonales,,'not daring to shoot, took tba butt end of . a pistol and struck his prisoner violently in the face, heaping upon him. meantime, everv obscene epithet. At the same time the commandant declared that he should receive 400 lashes, and if be survived this torture he should be shot next morning. The unfortunate vice consul vainly invoked the protection of his flag,

and the remonstrance of Mr. James, United I Stales Consular Agent, was also disregarded!

Dy tne commandant. The Paeifia Mail I steamship Arizona, arrived at San J owe from an F rancisco, at noon, but its presence will uo Keep tne- commandant from his nur- , TT- 1 . . ljo no eeizea tne telegraph sta uon, planted - two cannon on the wharf commanding the Arizona as she lay at 1 anchor, and then proceeded w wo om nis own pianr. 'At four In the afternoon Maeee was broncrht nnt ürinmri of his coat and vest, and thrown prostrate on tne stone Moor; Four aoldiers sat on his nands, feet and head, and four others rro--a J . . . . . ... k aamimster- lasnes with rattan ticks; The commandant coolly kept tally of the stripes. 'After 200 blown hiL.1 hmn in. flirted the victim became Insensible, and the urgeon oi the port interfered. Drotesting that the man would die if his torture wai onuntMa. J. be re fore ' n-' ' THE RKMAI5I5Q TWO HCDBED LASHES 1 i , ...... . -w.-pwponoa until me next morning, immediately before the hour appointed for the execution. With hellish refinement of cruelty, the commandant ' visited his victim several times during the night, and luarcu mo muzzie 01 d revolver against inagee s tempies, saying, ' "why don t I shoot you?' and "dont you want me to put yoa out of vour misery" Rumors of these extraordinary proceed'ings ad reached Salvador, and adeuchment of troops, under uenerai Solano was dispatched to San Jose de Guatemala., ' These ' came in sight Inst as Magee had been rla.d in position to receive the remaining COO lashes. ue c-omraanaer, seeing nig downfall near at hand, ordered his soldiers to fire, upon 3iagee. iney refused, and he then fled to tne Arizona. He was followed by a boat, bearing an order from General Solano, on the captain of the steamer, to secure him and return hi in to shore. But as Oonazles was standing by the aide of the steamer he was hrcd upon by some of the nassen irera. ihren shots taking effect on different parts of his was taken ashore, but lived only 4 1 rt .w a lew nours. mere is no clew to the person who fired on " the com mandant. The' log of - the Arizona notes that the shots were fined by unseen hands among the raeseneersL Great fears or a serious outbreak were expressed, and too Bteamer s guns were leaded and turned upon the town. The United States Minister at Salvador. Williamson, sent a disnatcn or, dering the detention of the steamer, but the captain, considering me order was designed to keep the ship until the safety of foreign residents was assured, decided to disregard it, and sailed for Panama on the 25th of April. PRISON REFORM THE CONGRESS AT WORK. OROAX1ZATIOK REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE , .' 'COMMITTEE. " i . St. Locia ! May .14. The 'pri&n reform congress met for regular business mis morning. -Eighty delegates were present: - The committee on permanent organization reported the following officers: - President, the Hon. Richard Vaux, ot Pennslvania; vice presidents, S. Hiram Foster, f Connecticut. J. E. Carpenter, ol North CarolinaTheodore Canisries, of Illinois, Hamilton Smith, of Indiana, A. W . Gray, of Iowa, Henry Hopkins, of Kausas, Samuel R. Wilson of Kentucky, W. W. Rice, of Maine. M. S. Griffith. of Maryland, D. Marcus Ames, of Massachusetts, E. C. Seaman, of Michigan, Arnold Krekel, of Missouri, W illiatn Wood Hurst, of Nebraska, William Clark, of New Hampshire, John F. Hugeman, of New Jersey, Leonard Fulton, of New York, E. Uawe, of Ohio; Henry Cordier, of Penn sylvania; B. Carpenter, oi Rhode Island; William M. Wright, ot Tennessee; the Rev. Mr. Rogers, ot Texas ; A. C.Rock wood, of TTvaK Carttnt a cu f!Anna1 T f If tnA 9 Missouri; Mrs. M. M. Bane, of Illinois; K. I j tau tNti ivo. vi viivi ax w au iuiuvi . u& L. Mulligan, of Pennsylvania. Treasurer, . T. H. Nevin. of Pennsylvania. Official re-, porter, the Kev. S. S. Gilson, of Pennsyl-1 he regarded his election as an honor to him V vuivm v auAa v a wmm mm aj uv ucsAy vat self and the state he represented. He had given 30 years studv to the subject ot prison reform and the prevention and repression of crime. It was one of the greatest sciences of the day. and reached to the heart and under standing and was worthy of the highest ef fort of man. Dr. E. C Wines then read a lengthy report el the executive committee. Quite an animated discussion arose over the report ot the committee on organization, in consecuenceot the omission of ladies from the list of officers. The matter was finally settled by placing Mrs. U. II. Bane on the list of secretaries, and Mrs. Coffin, of Indi ana, Mrs. De Gee, of Illinois, and Mrs. Hen d ricks, of Wisconsin, on the list of vice presidents, Mrs. Myra Bradwell, of Chicago, declining. The report of the committee was then adopted. The report of the committee read by Dr E. C limes was very long and exhaustive, and cannot be reduced to the limit of a telegrapic report. The following, however, is a statement ol the object and work of the Prison Reform Association, and will be interesting to GENERAL READERS. In general it is to study and solve all problems, many of them profonnd, complex. obscure and difficult to the last degree, con nected with the prevention and repression, or in one word, the minimization of crime and then to bring the solutions to the test of experience, or in other words, to reduce them to a practical application. More par ticularly it is to secure such reforms in our penal codes as will make the administration ol criminal justice more prompt, humane and efficacious, and such Improvements In our police system as will make the commission of crime most diffi cult, the detection made certain and its punishment more speedy, to eive stability and permanence to the administration of our prisons by eliminating partisan politics, as a controlling force, from their government, to impress a reformatory character on the prison discipline oi the wnoie country, to organize in such manner as to render effective the work of having discharged convicts, to multiply preventive agencies in the form both of industrial and reformatory schools, to visit, inspect and examine penal, reformatory and preventive institutions in all parts of the country, and to afford all possible aid in founding and improving such establishments. - to keep up in tnis and otner ways a perpetual study of the condition of American prisoners, and to spread before the publie both their excellences and de fects, to arouse, by public meetings and through the press, a . general in terest in . the question, to ed ucate and strengthen public opinion so that it shall act efficiently in the direction of needed reforms, and to collect, arrange, publish and circulate the most complete penitentiary and reformatory statictics and other intormation relating to the : pen itentiary question that can . be obtained from all . parts of the country and the world. Another purpose of the association is to do for prison reform the same work that Is done for educational reform by the national bureau of education established by the general- government. One means to accomplish this is the organization of efficient branch - associations in every state ol the Union. . The secretary then discusses the ways and means to carry on the work and reforms at length to all the main purposes which the association has in view. A committee on business and. finance was appointed. ' At-the evening session an elaborate paper on prison discipline, by F. B. Sanborn was read, after which tnere was a discussion on criminal law referm, in which Judge Walker, of Detroit, took a prominent part.

THE MOST -GORGEOUS OF ALL. THJI STEWART F ALACK A SO THE WKDDI5C OATH TELLS THE frTOBT WITH A poet's rr

Gath retells the -story of Miss Stewart's wedding in this enticing style; ;I attended the grand wedding, so called, though it was a very home-like, tasteful affair, except for the great house where it was given, cf Mis Bessie Stewart and Lieutenant-Commander Hooker, of the narr. Miss Stewart is tba daugnter ef Senator Stewart, of Nevada, and the granddaughter, on the aide ot her mother, of ex-Senator and Oov. Foote of Misi8. sippi, that celebrated -old manol conibativeness, who wanted to fight a duel the other day with Jefferson Davis, at the age of 4 and who was in the Senate twenty-fcevpu years ago. Sbe is really a fine fiirl, a blonde with large bluish eyes, a clear skin, a tall figure, and sensibility end merriment in her expression, rather of that order of ladies who are called queenly. She is of two intrepid races, which accepts war or matrimony without much irresolution i and, with a father alleged to be wealthy, a superior social posaiüon, a very complete European education, and a superb home, she saw the man she loved, and, at the age of 19, surrendered. He had, however, his own fight to make, and when it was over, he felt like a great lieutenant-commander . indeed. Hooker was his name, a cousia or something oi Fighting Joe Hooker, and though smaller, much the same kind of man in profile and pride of countenance, but dark, mottled, and of nervous, quick, . vehement speech. .. He was probably thirty or less in years, and without fortune, simply with his pay. He gained the affections of Mrs. Stewart very soon in the cruise around the aaugnter. ,uer ha band, who is always three-parts bov, saw no good reason why two young people who were togethei pretty much all the time should not hava a. brenna not to go away from each other at ail. to they were married, as it seemed to ns mil. eiders, without . a particle of that roughness which . attends . the ' ranru r.r true love. yet who knows? Vprhär. she fought against this long captivity of surm. ciuAa im uru ij uroite nis oeart, and went home to his mother and put . his head in ber lap. like a little bov. P prhan. he deserted over to her mother and begged for her intercession and got It; for how can you compliment a mother like wanting to die for her dauzhter's face and lava? Pr haps he went up to Senator William Stewart and said, while they took a glass of grog: " it 1 can't have you for a father-in-law. you can have me for cremation !" Anyway, the young naval officers said: "Hooker's a stuck-up lellow. He's just worried that girl till he got her. That's his way of doing things just putting on cheek ana demanding.theml" ' - n Everybody has said that aince the world began. When the morning stars sang to gether, the star that had the best voice vu squinted at by all the other - star: 4 There" is no mention of It In the scriptures, but there are no reasons for that: ; - - The young ladies who lad been married Raid : What a foolish thing for Bessie Stewart to do! Her father is rich. " he is woood and admired. She keeps horses, and can go to Europe or Saratoga. Her parents worship her; and now she goes off just as we did and marries a voune fellow who will presently be ordered off to Japan, or be shot in the next war!' Those young ladies, however, whose prospects of marriage seemed remote, made no reply to thes matrimonial quiddits. They said, if anything, that a fine young man like Hooker was a good exj change for accumulations, and that no family could be comfortable without such a one. BEHOLD THE STEWART MANSION, on the wedding-night, brilliantly lighted, and the rain was splashing in a hundred mirrors of puddles, so that the lights flashed . a . 4 UP 1UMJ luo Ul fcüe uuureus oi uorses. drawing every variety of equipage, each with its own liehts to sauce back at that treat castelliltd mansion nmimr mere, and in it two young people fitting on their weddinggarments. Ho w old the world is ! The New Testament refers to a solitary man who strayed into one of these affairs without a wedding garment and he got a reprimand fr.r it. This proves the high antiquity of the swallow-tail coat. The Stewart house, exteriorly, is a beautiful conundrum, like one of those block games which, perfectly composed, shows a voluptuous figure, and makes one wonder, what it will be like, taken apart. It is a light yellow housa with a round tower, spire-shaped, and gives a gret idea of mysterious roominess. A petty, pretty porte-cochere, called in English a frbnt-door-carriftge porch, accommodates callers in front. There all teams were besieged, as the ladies, in their illusion, satin, flowers, etc, carefully threw out a whiteshod foot and caromed into the shelter. I saw a few alight, and remembered the remark of that wicked Joseph or Moses, that he would rather be a doorkeeper in the house of a lord than to dwell in the tents of Egypt. There seemed to me to have been no particular sacrifices about tbat request, unless our friends bad got weary of a circus and become a doorkeeper for the legitimate drama. Entering the Stewart mansion,what do we see? We see a splendid ovalformed hall, with' a winding staircase at the left; and above this hall there are, for every floor, duplicate staircases with a lordly sweep, lighted to the lantern which is in the cupola above the middle ol the house. Down from the upper circle of this open way a light pours from gas in effulgence, and the walls are freshly, perfectly white, while the 'floors are generally waxed and shining. Out ot this area or hall several doors open to saloons of various sorts. Under the floor on which we enter are all the culinary and domestic arrangements, and Senator Stewart's office and library not open this night. We are received by young naval officers in full uniform, sworded. epauletted, chapeaued. corded, and with waxed mustaches. They feel that this is a naval triumph, break their rods, drop their envy, and do their duty. tvery Duuet nam us oiueu Man the life-boat. Yeo ! heave, yeo I -Here it occurs to me that the rest of this artless communication will do better at another time, when I will tell you how to be officially married. Gath. A meeting of the holders of the Virginia. state bonds was held in London on the 16th ot April, to consider the conditions oi their prospects, as they were effected by the mes sage of the governor of Virginia In relation, to the state debt. The general idea of the meeting was that Virginia was able to pay her debt, and tbat she ought to do It. One oCT the speakers stated tbat "the total revenue of the last fiscal year amounted to 14,000,000, while the aggregate of taxable values stood, at 1366,600,000, thus showing that the taxation upon the taxable values of the state did not amount to 1 per cent. not, in his opinion, a very onerous burden. A small boat Just bui.'t in Liverpool for the government of India for service . in the Oriasa canals is said to be the fastest steamer in the world. The dimensions of this little vessel are, length, 87 feet, beam 12 feet, draught of water S feet and 9 inches. The speed contracted for was 20 statute miles per hour, but on trial it gave the astonish Ing rate ot 24. miles an hour. .. , Ohio has a giant in Abner Mcllgrathixtyone years old. He is 6 feet inches stand ing in his boots, well proportioned and is an athlete in strength. He has lifted 1,700 pounds of iron and has "laid out" any quantity oi ordiriary fellows.