Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 23, Number 29, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 February 1874 — Page 6

THE INDIANA STATE SENTINEL, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 3, 1874.

THE SHIPWRECKED MOTHER. The sea was smooth, the wind was fair, The steamship plowed along; And from her deck, in ocean's air, Rose up the voice of song. Their willing checks the sea breeze fann'd ; New life within them sprang; To-morrow's dawn would show the land, And so they laughed and sang. Behind them far were all their cares; New sights would greet their eyes; And fairer fields would soon be theirs, 'Neath less reluctant skies. So now, while sped the vessel on, The cheerful song did flow; And all were happy there, save one--One bent in deepest woe. Ah, well from her the tears may shower--Well may she sorely weep! And inly rue the luckless hour She trusted to the deep! Her baby boy, for whom, when once The severing sea was crossed, His waiting father's heart would dance, Was lost, forever lost! Too strong for him the chill sea mist, He pined from day to day; And ere his careful mother wist, Her boy had passed away. And when death pinched his little charms, And still she would him save, They tore him from her desp'rate arms, And sank him in the wave. Ah, on the land had he but died! In some green nook been laid, Where oft at eve she might have hied, And in the stillness prayed,--Some little fragrant flower have set His tiny grave upon;--She might have deemed her darling yet Not altogether gone! But in that rude abyss to cast Her babe, though void of breath, Where only shrilled the cold sea blast,--Ah, this was worse than death! A thousand fathoms down to sleep The aim green flood below; Perchance in ocean's middle deep To waver to and fro. And so, while all around are glad, And jest in merry strain, This mother sits apart full sad, Nor cries she heeds, nor vain alarms, Her babe is her before; Almost she feels him in her arms, And kisses him once more.

Whence comes yon cannon's warning boon? Whence that far reaching cry? Why flare these rockets through the gloom, Far up the murky sky? Alas! on rocks the ship hath sped, She founders even now; And Death, with eager arms outspread, Bond forward o'er the prow. Ah ! where are now those singer all? See yon disordered crew! From side to side they rush and fall, Nor know they what they do. The thickening spray is o'er them driv'n ; Their hour of doom hath come; And some are screaming loud to Heav'n, And some are swoon 'd and dumb. Reared up his head the awakening deep, As if to list the noise. Then on he plunged with foamy sweep, And raised his mighty voice. And wilder yet on board they call, As fiercer shocks the wave; And only one among them all Seeks not herself to save. Ah ! why should she the rude sea fear? Her he can scarce destroy: This mother's life is hardly here, But younder with her boy; The billowing waves that mount the skies, Hoarse howling for their prey, They but behold her shut her eyes,--Her thoughts are far away. And when the final moment comes, And in one shriek it ends,--One shriek that all the horror sums, As down, the ship descends,--Full calm, while all around her rose The dire confusion wild, This mother clasps her hands and goes, Content to meet her child. FOREIGN NOTES. Miss Emily Faithful is lecturing in London on "Eight Months in America," in which she gives a very interesting account of eer late tour through the United States. Miss F. takes a very fair and impartial view of American social and political life, bestowing special commendation upon the hospitality everywhere extended to her. The university at Heidelberg is the oldest college in Germany. Its size was enlarged by the addition of wings, or, rather, separate buildings, erected in 1802 by the learned Charles Frederick of Baden, who also provided it with scientific collections and eminent teachers. It possesses a grand library containing 200,000 volumes and 1,800 MSS. The tower on the summit of the Malcolm, in Rhineland, is eighty feet high, erected by Louis IX., Landgrave of Hessen, in 1777. The view is well worth climbing for embracing the valley of the Rhine from Speyer to Mayence, the river winding like a silver thread through richly cultivated orchards and villages, along a range of hills crowned with farms and ruined castles. At one point can be seen the Vosges and the Donnersberg. and the Main as far as Tannus and Vogelsberg. At different points of the ascent the views varied; about twenty feet lower than the tower, stretched before the vision the entire plain, from Mannheim to Darmstadt. The Cologne Gazette says of the eldest son of the crown prince and crown princess of Germany: Prince Frederick William, who on the 27th instant, will be 15 years of age, is, as to figure and appearance, not so strong as is usual with Hohenzollerns, but he is talented and has been well instructed. The result of a recent examination by the teachers of a Berlin gymnasium was very satisfactory. The prince acquitted himself well in the various branches of instruction for the upper-third form, and in mathematics and physics, he had already gone beyond the requirements of the form. Anne Brewster, writing from Rome, says: Apropos to our new Cardinals, some of us are laughing heartily over the droll version of their names in French journals. In one list is given Cardinal Simor-Salisbourgtarnocly, archbishop of Valence! You will laugh, also, when you see its absurdity. The archbishop of Valence is Cardinal Barrioy Fernandez, and this bodge-podge of a name, Simor-Salisbourgtarnocly, translated into simple truth, will be found to be a compound of the names of two Cadinals, and the bishopric of one of them -- Cardinal Simor, archbishop of Grau, and Cardinal Tarnoczi, archbishop of Salzbourg. The German washerwoman can not conceive why an American needs his clean shirt inside of a couple of weeks. As the German wardrobe isn't extravagant, this custom tells its little private tale on the wearers, which hardly requires dilation. At first one is suspicious that half the time his linen goes to adorn the bosom of dashing military or amtuitions shop-keeping youth, but the same buttons were always missing as when he had given it out, and as he knows no one could wear it thus without great inconvenience, he is forced, finally, to take his landlady's word that fourteen days was the briefest interval he could expect. Col. Thomas, of California, the "Prince"' of Joaquin Miller's "Life among the Modocs," is lionizing in London. He is an obiect of special interest, particularly to the ladies, for women ever have been and ever will be hero worshipers. The "Prince" is a handsome, sun browned man, of commanding presence, with jet black hair and moustache, and dark eyes, full of intelligence and fire; one easily recognizes in him the brave, generous, self sacrificing, true hearted man Joaquin Miller describes, and it is the possession of these noble qualities, not less than his prepossessing appearance, that has grained for him the soubriquet which will doubtless cling to him while he lives.

CONGRESS SUMMARY. SENATE. Washington, January 23. The regular order being the resolution reported by the finance committee, it was called up and Mr. Stewart, of Nevada, spoke of the evils of depreciated currency and advocated free banking on a gold basis. The issue of any more currency, he contended, would be an evil, no matter how much should be issued, $50,000,000 or $100,000,000. We would get in debt once more and another crash would follow. Let a step be taken toward specie payment in time of peace and prosperity. Congress ought not to encourage any speculation by dealing out more money. He thought we would stand the efforts toward a return to specie payment now, but if a step be taken backwards it could not be retraced. Mr. Wright, of Iowa, moved that the pending resolution be laid aside informally, and the senate proceed to the consideration of the house bill to abolish the office of deputy commissioner of internal revenue. Mr. Logan, of Illinois, objected. Mr. Bayard, of Delaware, hoped no vote would be taken on the financial resolution to-day. He, with other gentlemen, desired to speak, but were not ready to go on today. Mr. Sherman, of Ohio, said that while he was anxious to get a vote of the senate on the resolution as soon as possible, he had no desire to cut off any debate. As the gen-

tleman from Indiana ( Morton) would bring up his privileged question -- the Louisiana case -- Monday, he (Sherman) moved that further consideration of the financial resolution be postponed until Tuesday next. It was so ordered. On motion of Mr. Allison, of Iowa, it was agreed that when the senate adjourned today it be till Monday next. The bill to pay the bonds of the Louisville and Portland canal was taken up and passed. It provides that the appropriation of March 3, 1873, be continued in full force and made applicable to the payment of the debts of said canal, and so much as may be necessary shall be applied to the payment of the interest as it accrues and the principal of the outstanding bonds of the company as they mature, provided, however, that the secretary of the treasury may purchase and pay for any of said bonds at their market price, not above par, whenever he deems it for the best interest of the United States. The bill further authorizes the secretary of the treasury to take possession of said canal and all property, real and personal, of said company within thirty days from the passage of the act, as the property of the United States, subject, however, to mortgage or lien on said property in favor of the trustees under said mortgage and the holders of bonds issued under it. The secretary of the treasury is authorized to to pay the directors for stock held by them, and to cause a full examination of all receipts and disbursements of the company to be made, and to collect and, if necessary, sue for any money due or held for the company by directors or trustees under said mortgage. The bill also provides that the canal and the property appertaining thereto shall be held for the common use and benefit of the people of the United States free of all tolls and charges, except such as are necessary to pay the current expenses of said canal, and for the present year they shall be at the rate of ten cents per ton capacity on vessels propelled by steam, and five cents per ton on other vessels, and to ascertain what rates will pay the current expenses after the present year the secretary ot the treasury shall, on the first Monday of January in each year, ascertain the expenditures of the previous year, what tolls will probably pay expenses for the current year, and fix the rate of tolls thus ascertained to be charged for the current year. The senate then resumed the consideration of the post route bill, the question being on Mr. Pratt's amendment, declaring alll bridges heretofore or hereafter to be rected over navigable rivers in the United States, or over lakes and outlets of lakes, or over arms of the sea or other bodies of water, and all public roads established or hereafter to be established in states or territories and used as public highways, to be post roads, provided that no service shall be ordered on routes until after an examination and report of an agent of the postoffice department, and that, in the judgment of the postmaster general, such service is demanded by the public convenience and necessity. Mr. Morton, of Indiana, opposed the amendment and expressed tho opinion that it would be delegating the powers of congress to the postmaster general. Congress alone had power to establish postoffices and post roads, and it could not be conferred upon any one. Mr. Hamlin, of Maine, opposed the amendment. Mr. Morrill, of Vermont, moved to insert in line six, after the word "highways," the words, "or leading from one town to another, or from one village to another, or from any railroad depot to a town or village." Agreed to. The amendment of Mr. Pratt, as amended by Mr. Morrill, was rejected. Mr. Sargent, of California, moved an amendment, that from and after June 30. 1874, transportation in mails of all bound books, seeds, cuttings, bulbs, and general merchandise, should be discontinued. Mr. Frelinghuysen, of New Jersey, said he doubted that the postmaster general desired the passage of that amendment. Some means should be furnished for sending books throughout the country, and he had been told by the postmaster general within a few days past that he intended to reduce the postage on books. Mr. Ramsey, of Minnesota, appealed to the gentleman from Calafornia, Sargent, to withdraw his amendment. It had always been the practice of the senate not to püt general legislation in a postal bill, and he hoped the amendment would be offered at some other time. Mr. Sargent said he would withdraw the amendment, though he had been assured by the postmaster general that its passage would be acceptable to him. The amendment was withdrawn. Mr. Pratt offered an amendment that no office should be established on any route named in the bill until after such authority be given by congress. Rejected. The bill was then passed. The senate went into executive session and soon after adjourned. HOUSE. The morning hour was occupied in the call of the committee for reports of a private character, which were all referred to a committee of the whole. The house then resumed the consideration of the West Virginia contested election case. The discussion continued until two o clock, when, by previous arrangement, the house proceeded to the consideration of business pertaining to the District of Columbia. The only business reported was a bill in reference to the education of the blind of the district, and that, after discussion, was referred to the committee of the whole. The house then resumed the consideration of the West Virginia contested election case. After further discussion and without coming to a vote, the house adjourned. To-morrow'd seasion will be for general debate. SENATE. Washington, Jan. 26. Mr. McCreery said that in these days of barefaced impudence it was fearful to contemplate the condition of affairs in Louisiana. When the trouble first originated in that state, the senate of the United States had responded to the general alarm by instructing one of its ablest committees to inquire into the state government there, by whom constituted, etc. That committee had:

worked faithfully, and a mass of testimony was collected which threw light upon the subject, but now when the time comes for its use (producing a volume of testimony) the chairman tells us it is useless. He (McCreery) could find nothing in history, without going back some 2,000 years, to equal the humility of the gentleman, content that the volume of testimony should be upon the memory of senators here, as it showed the true condition of affairs in Louisiana. He argued that it was too late now to talk about a prima facie case after proof had been heard. The evidence had been taken and would satisfy the minds of senators of the evistence or non-existence of a legal state government in Louisiana. He thought that

there never was a case analogous to the present one on the American continent, or anywhere under the sun. If Kellogg had received a majority of votes, he was governor of Louisiana, but if he had received a minority, had been seated in his office by a federal judge backed by the army of the United States, then he was an intruder and had no right to be there. The senator from lndiana (Morton) had paid a glowing tribute to the Kellogg government, but he (McCreery) never having had his attention called to the excellency of the institntion was taken by surprise, He thought it an instance of defence in advance of an attack. Those enamored with the Kellogg administration lived farthest away from its influence, [Laughter on the floor and in the galleries] Again, Senator Morton had spoken of the decision of the court being final. None knew better than the senator himself that it was essential that the court should have a jurisdiction. He reviewed the testimony taken last winter at some length, and the work of seating Kennard on the supreme bench of the state so hurriedly, which, be said, reminded him of an old Indian running the gauntlet, with a lick and a kick at every step. He argued that the supreme court of Louisiana had expressed itself favorable to the Kellogg government before it was called upon to decide, as it was true that James F. Casey, collector of the port, informed the president that the supreme court was known to be in sympathy with the republican state government. He would not have attempted to mislead the president, and this fact showed that the Kellogg government was organized in concert before it was a government. The senator from Indiana attempted to support his case by arguing that he (McCreery) would attempt to overthrow it by force. If he fell in this cause, it would be for the sacred rights of the downtrodden and oppressed people who would remember with gratitude the feeble efforts of himself in their behalf. He contended that the fifteenth amendment to the constitution had been violated in the Louisiana election. The examination and cross examination of witnesses before the committee has laid facts before the senate to give some idea of the character of that investigation. He would mention that the chairman asked the Hon. Samuel Armstead if he could read and write, and that question was in view of the fact that Armstead had received a considerable number of votes cast for the secretary of state of Louisiana. That was a nice question to ask an eminent divine and christian politician, [Laughter on floor and in galleries,] had a federal court exclusive power over all questions belonging to the senate. By the law of May 23, 1870, the right to institute suit in the federal, circuit or district court had been given, providing the question was one of denial of right to vote on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude. The denial of suffrage to the black man would defeat an election, but a denial of the same right to a white man would lead to no such consequences. [Sensation.] The campaign of 1870 in Louisiana, opened auspiciously for those making efforts to overthrow the republican party in Louisiana. They were encouraged to stand up to save their homes, their altars and their firesides, from CARPET-BAGGERS, Who were driving prosperity and commerce from their doors. The republican party was inflamed by dissension. They had two conventions and two tickets, and defeat was inevitable. The United States marshal for the state chartered a steamboat, and after taking aboard several barrels of whisky, hams and choice edibles, steamed gallantly up the Mississippi on his electioneering tour. Then followed grand receptions of that gushing character only found imong high pressure politicians in very doubtful districts. [Renewed laughter.] A boat load of orators had never appeared on these waters before, but that did not succeed. The craft soon began to wear a disheveled appearance. The orators began to look like buccaneers (great laughter) and after a retrospect of the canvass as far as it had gone, they decided to turn back. Why this sudden change in tactics? It was to obtain these false and fraudulent affidavits to overcome the legal election, and it was after the return of the steamer that they sallied forth with blank affidavits and money to obtain by bribery and forgery the statements required. From the day that Marshal Packard's magnificent propeller returned to New Orleans, those orators who had made the forecastle sound with their eloquence wandered off in pairs to obtain these fraudulent affidavits. If a man heard a pistol shot, it was argued that the niggers were to be defrauded. He quoted from the testimony before the committee at length, and contended that there was no settled plan to burden and obstruct registration: on the other hand, the object was to make it as general as possible. The election in Louisiana was probably the most orderly, fair and quiet election held there for twenty years. Again, reading from the testimony, he argued that it was attempted to show that negroes had to go so far to vote. He would give an illustration. A portion of the Red river where the great bend, some forty miles around, came back within four miles of the point where the bend commenced, the neck of land being only four miles across, the negroes to vote must go all the way around by water, and therefore lose five days in going to and returning from the polls, it being located at the upper side of this neck of land. Were the white men subjected to the same inconveniences? Certainly not. They took the direct line across the neck of land, went to the polls, voted and were back again before dinner. (Great laughter on the floor and in the galleries). McCreery quoted from the testimony as to Carter folding Jacques to his bosom when he came wwith the forged affidavits, and exclalmining, "Jacques, you are a hell of a fellow." (Laughter). Mr. McCreary resumed and said that the constitution of the United States guarantees to every state in the union a republican form of government, and the people should not be disturbed in their republican institutions. Whetner the enemy came from abroad or from within the borders of the state, he must be met and put down by the federal government. In conclusion he denied that the state of Louisiana had a republican form of government, and argued that steps should be taken to protect her against fraud and usurpation. At the conclusion of Mr. McCreery s speech, Mr. Sherman moved that the further consideration of the motion to recommit be laid over till Wednesday, and the senate resumed the consideration of the resolution reported from the finance committee. It was so ordered. The senate went into executive session, and after some time the doors reopened and the senate adjourned. HOUSE. INTRODUCTION OF BILLS -- MODE OF PAYING CONGRESSMEN FAULTY -- THE "INDIANA PLAN" -- TROOPS WANTED IN TEXAS -- INDEFINITE APPROPRIATIONS. Bills were introduced and referred, under . a call of states By Mr. Gunkel, of Ohio, to

repeal so much of the act of March 10, 1873,

that provides that representatives elecet to congress may receive their compensation monthly, from the beginning of the term until the beginning of the first session of congress. As the law now stands, members receive pay for nearly nine months before they are sworn in, or perform any duty. By Mr. Orth, of Indiana, to provide a national currency for redemption thereof in coin, and for the redemption of circulating notes heretofore issued by and under the authority of the United States. The bill embraces what is known as the lndiana plan of financial relief, and provides for the issue by the United States of $2,000,000,000 circulating notes, to be known as the United States gold bonds, the notes to be of various denominations, which are to be held in the treasury as a reserve and exchangeable at par for any out standing bonds of the United States at the pleasure of the holders. They shall circulate as money and be used by the government as the national bank currency now is. That for the purpose of expediting such exchange depositories are to be established in all leading cities of the United States, under proper safeguards. That the interest accruing on all bonds thus surrendered to government, shall be retained by the government, and shall with the fifty per cent. of coin be accumulated in the treasury, not needed for paying interest on the public debt, constitute a sinking fund after it reaches the amount of four hundred million dollars, for the redemption of gold bond notes issued under this act. The bill further provides that any national bank may surrender its bonds now on deposit in the treasury and receive gold bond notes to the amount which, when added to the notes heretofore received by such bank, will be equal to the par value of such bonds, and such bank may at any time surrender its notes and receive in exchange gold bond notes under this act, and when this is done, such bank is relieved from the redemption of its notes or from holding any reserve, but shall in all other respects exercise its rights and priveleges under the banking act. Any national bank failing for two years to surrender its bonds now on deposit, shall redeem its currency in gold. Outstanding legal tender notes shall be redeemed at the same time the redemption of gold bond notes is commenced under this act. Mr. Bland, of Missouri, introduced a bill to incorporate an eastern and western transportation company, with a capital of $3,000,000, to maintain and enjoy a railroad from Port Royal harbor, South Carolina, to Leavenworth, Ks., via Macon, Ga., and Memphis, Tenn. By Mr. Shanks, of Indiana, providing for a survey by the army and ravy engineers of a ship canal from Lake Michigan to the Mississippi river, near Cairo. Bills were introduced by Mr. Mills, of Texas, for the removal of all troops in the southern states to the western country as a protection against the Indians. G. F. Hoar, of Massachusetts, to prevent the payment of interest on national bank deposits. Mr. Beck, of Kentucky, moved to suspend the rules and pass a bill relieving from the payment of duty all articles seat from foreign countries for exhibition at the Philadelphia centennial exposition. Mr. Dawes and others suggested that the bill was too loose in its provisions. Mr. Butler, of Massachusetts, suggested derisively to limit the extent of any one person's importation to 500 tons of one article. Under the new rule adopted last week, requiring motions to suspend rules to be seconded by a majority, the question was put, but there was no second, the vote being 54 to 102. Mr. Poland, of Vermont, moved to suspend the rules and adopt the resolution instructing the judiciary committee to inquire into the legal relations existing between the federal government and the local government of the District of Columbia, and the exact character of their mutual obligations in regard to municipal expenses, and whether some accurately defined basis of expenditures can not be prescribed and maintained by law. The rules were suspended and the resolution adopted, yeas 159, nays 72. Mr. Garfield, of Ohio, offered a resolution to regulate the estimates and appropriations, and to fix the number and compensation of customs employes. Adopted. Mr. Garfield offered a resolution authorizing the committee on appropriations to insert a section in the legislative appropriation bill repealing all laws that authorize permanent and indefinite appropriations to defray the expenses of loan and treasury notes, or other paper issues of the United States, and requiring the secretary of the treasury hereafter to suborn detailed estimates of the appropriations required to defray such expenses. Adopted. Mr. Young, of Georgia, offered a resolution instructing the committee on ways and means to inquire whether there was any necessitiy for the continuance in office of the supervisor of internal revenue. Adopted. Mr. Buckner, of Missouri, moved to suspend the rules and adopt a resolution calling on the secretary of the treasury to furnish information as to members of congress who are shareholders in national banks. The resolution was rejected, two-thirds not voting in the affirmative --yeas 146, nays 96 The house then proceeded with the West Virginia election case, and without coming to a vote adjourned. SENATE. Washington, Jan. 27. Mr. Morton addressed the senate in favor of the resolution. He said the constitution declares that congress shall have power to regulate commerce among the several states. The supreme court, in several decisions, has defined commerce to comprehend intercourse as well as traffic; passengers as well as merchandise. Commerce entirely within the limit of one state is not in the meaning of the constitution. The power to regulate commerce must be exercised wherever the subject exists and operate upon the subject and those engaged in its prosecution. The power to regulate and govern the whole includes the power to govern the constituent parts. The power to regulate commerce involves the power to regulate the means and instrumentalities by which it is carried on. Without this it could not be executed. Courts have always held so. Commerce pertains not more to water than to land. Transportation is a part of commerce, Congress has made regulations of every kind over the construction and management of ships and steamboats. This was upon the broad principle that the power to regulate commerce included the power to regulate the instruments of commerce. Congress has no more power over navigation than over railroads and railroad trains engaged in inter-state commerce. The power attaches to the instrument, whether natural or artificial. The control of congress over inter-state railroads should not go beyond such regulations as are for the general interest of commerce, and affect as little as possible the exercise by corporations of the powers conferred by the state, and the control by each state over the railroads within it. This power is distinct from the taxing power, and does not interfere with the right of a state to tax the property of its railroad corporations or stockholders. Railroad companies must accept their franchises upon the condition that if they engage in inter-state commerce they will be subject to the power vested in congress before any railroad charters were granted. There is as much reason and necessity for regulating commerce upon inter-state railroads as upon navigable waters. If through lines from the Atlantic to the Pacific may be regulated in one way by Ohio and in another way by Indiana, and another by Illinois,

they may become victims of unfriendly leg-

islation, and each state acting for its own interest may not consider those of another state. The people in the several states, acting separately, would be less able to protect their rights against the power of great corporations Which, by their wealth, blandishiments and natural power in the states through which they pass would have undue influence in controlling legislation or defeating the execution of their laws. The states acting separately can not properly regulate these great lines of transportation in which so many states are concerned. The extent and charter of the power are left to the discretion of congress, subject to the restrictions of the constitution. They shall be of uniform character, and no advantage shall be shown to one state over another. The power to regulate commerce includes the power to regulate the common carrier and the public highway upon which it is transported. Railroad companies are common carriers, and railroads are public highways. Common carriers are required to carry for all persons and at reasonable rates. Is there a doubt that the state in one case, or congress in the other, may determine what are reasonable rates? A state can make no contract with a corporation which would restrain congress, however binding it may be on the state. The power of a railroad company to fix rates is but the power of the state granted in its charter. Whatever franchises the state grants must be accepted, subject to the condition that if the rairoad engage in inter-state commerce it is liable to regulation by congress. A state can not obstruct inter-state commerce by direct legislation, or exhorbitant taxes on freight or passengers. What the state may not do by direct legislation, it can not by charter or contract empower a corporation to do. If the state has uncontrolled power directly or indirectly to fix rates, a heavy tribute may be levied upon the commerce of other states compelled to pass across the territory. For at least four months in the year the the commerce of Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa and Nebraska, and that over the Union Pacific railroad, passes around the southern point of lake Michigan in Illinois, and if that state, in defiance of congress by direct legislation, or through railroad companies, fixes the rates of travel and transportation across its territories, it has a vast power for the oppression of the northwestern states, which is inconsistent with our form of government. Each state may regulate commerce internal to itself, and in the absence of congressional legislation, may make regulations for commerce passing across the territory, provided it does not impose burdens on inter-state commerce or make unjust discriminations; but all such regulations as affect inter-state commerce, however meritorious in character or intention, must yield to the legislation of congress. It is a field of jurisdiction that states may occupy in the absence of congressional legislation, subject to the conditions just named, and railroad companies have the power to fix the rates for freights and passengers in the absence of restraining legislation by the state or congress, except so far as modified by the principle of common law, that common carriers must transport for reasonable rates. Washington, Jan. 29. The morning hour having expired, Mr. Ferry, of Michigan, was called to the chair and Mr. Carpenter addressed the senate on Louisiana affairs. He said he never thought of Louisiana matters but with mingled sorrow and shame. He differed from the senator from Indiana (Morton) as to Pinchback's having a prima facie case, and referred to the lengthy report of the congressional committee, (1,048 pages) on Louisiana affairs. This report received the signature of all the members except Mr. Morton. It is too late now to talk about seating Pinchback on a prima facie case, as this committee had agreed there was no legal government in Louisiana, nor a legislature there on the 15th of January last. He disputed the claim of Morton that the testimony was taken only in the case of Ray, Mr. Carpenter contending that the proceedings were binding upon the senate. The attempt of Senotor Morton to rule out that testimony, and seat Pinchback as a prima facie case, was certainly worthy of the ingenuity of that gentleman. He (Carpenter) entirely concurred in the views expressed by the gentleman from Ohio (Thurman) in regard to the Goldthwaite case, but there was a prima facie case there. But on the 15th of January last, there was no legal government in Louisiana, no legislature to elect a senator. After quoting from the Robbins case, of Rhode Island, to show the law in reference to prima facie cases, he contended that that case proved just the reverse of the argument of the gentleman from Indiana (Morton) although it had been quoted by him to sustain his argument. He reviewed at length the condition of affairs in Louisiana as shown by the testimony before the committee, and said that a part of his argument was dry and tedious, but after this he intended to WASH HIS HANDS Of the whole affair, and, therefore, would lay before the senate the case in its absolute nakedness. Then, if his Republican friends in this chamber thought proper to take it on their shoulders and march through the next presidential campaign, he would bid them joy. [Laughter.] He then read from the Louisiana constitution and the law governing the election returns, and argued that the action of both returning boards, that of Warmoth and that of Lynch, was illegal. Warmoth had no authority to remove Bovie as secretary of state. The vacancies existing in the canvassing board on the 14th day of November, 1872, were therefore never filled, and the only members of that board were Warmoth and Lynch, and they voted in different ways, so there was no election whatever. Warmoth was in one building with his board, and Lynch in another with his. The law, required the board to meet together. Bovie was secretary of state all the time, but by virtue of being a candidate tor office he was disqualified from voting on the returning board. The order of Warmoth, removing him as secretary of state, was of no more authority than an order from the president of the senate removing Gen. Grant from the presidency. Referring to the forged affidavits from which the Lynch board made up its returns, he said one little gentleman with smiling face appeared before the committee and swore that he forged 1,200 affidavits and delivered them to Bovie in open board. Bivie said. "He was a hell of a fellow," and asked him if he could not get some more. He replied, yes, he could have more by nine in the morning. [Laughter.] Instead of 9,606 majority for McEnery, as shown by the returns, this Lynch board gave Kellogg double that number. He must say that if Warmoth could not abolish that board, it was immortal and never could be abolished. This canvass was also very profitable to the Lynch Board. It appears that virtue in Louisiana has its reward, and that speedily Lynch had his own son, an engineer on the Southern Pacific railroad, appointed inspector of levee stock in New Orleans at a annual salary of $12,000, and then had his son appoint an old friend his deputy, but finally Lynch came to the conclusion that it would not look well with his son in position, and had him resign. After coming before the committee at Washington and airing his patriotism, he went back to New Orleans and Kellogg appointed him to the identical office at a salary of $12,000, which he holds to this day. The Kellogg legislature abolished two courts and created a new one, making Hawkins judge and consolidating the jurisdiction of both, and giving him exclusive jurisdiction over con-

tested election cases, writs of mandamus, etc., saving to him, "Faithful in a few things, I'll make thee ruler over many." [Laughter.] Then Pinchback was sent to the Senate. Whatever else may be said ot those rascals down there, they certainly do not forget their associates. [Renewed laughter.] When his friend from Indiana (Morton) came down on him Thursday with his artillery, and heavy ordnance, he would commend him to a careful examination of the testimony just read. Mr. Carpenter said he would next proceed to consider the interference of the general government in this muddle. While this contest was going on, Kellogg commenced suit in the United States court, and Judge Durell issued his restraining order, and it was a most remarkable document. On the 6th of December there was another judicial proceeding which has had no parallel in this country or England. At night this same Judge Durell issued an order to seize the state house. The testimony showed he went to his lodging about eleven o'clock p. m.. and feeling like it, issued the order. No body had applied for it. He was not sitting

in chambers; hot holdfng court; but at his lodgings issued an order to the United States marshal to seize the state house. It wrs seized; a company of troops put therein and that company held it for more than six weeks, while the farce of organizing the legislature was enacted and these two men -- Pinchback and Ray -- were elected while the state house was so held by troops. The act of congress authorizing election cases to be brought before the federal courts, applied only to instances where the parties were prevented from voting on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude; so Durell had not even a decent pretext for jurisdiction. A more remarkable proceeding than that of Durell's could not be found anywhere. Such orders were never issued in Russia or Turkey. By his very act be organized both sides, putting republicans in and democrats out of the state house. He (Carpenter) sent to the clerk's desk and had read an order ot that judge, and said he wished it was in his power to to have them read in the hearing of every citizen of the United States. After the reading, Mr. Edmunds said it was evident that his friend, Carpenter, was becoming more worn out, and he therefore moved that the senate go into executivs session. Carpenter agreed to this motion and the senate went into executive session and soon after adjourned till to-morrow, when Mr. Carpenter will resume his speech. HOUSE. Mr. Maynard, from the committee on banking and currency, reported a bill to amend several acts relating to national currency, and to establish free banking. The bill was read. After discussion as to the disposition to be made of the bill, the house refused to recommit to the committee on banking and currency, and it was sent to the committee of the whole, with the understanding that it be called up for discussion in two weeks. Mr. Maynard also reported a bill limiting the amount of United States notes in circulation to $400.000.000, and allowing their exchange into convertible 3 45-100 bonds. Referred to the committee of the whole. The following is the text of the bill: Be it enacted, etc. That section 31 of the act entitled an act to provide a national currency secured by a pledge of United States bonds, and to provide for the circulation and redemption of the same, approved on the 3d day of June, 1864. be so amended that the several associations therein provided for shall not hereafter be required to keep on hand any amount of money whatever by reason of the amount of their respective circulation, but the moneys required by said section to be kept at all times on hand shall be determined by the amount of deposits in all respects as provided in said section. Sec 2. That section 21 of said act and the several amendments hereto, so far as they restrict the amount of notes for circulation under said act, and the same are hereby repealed and that section one of the act entitled an act to provide for the redemption of three per cent temporary loan certificates, and for an increase of national benk notes, approved on the 12th of July, 1870, be so amended by repealing the second proviso in said section contained. Sec 3. That every association organized or to be organized under the provisions of act, and of the several acts in the amendment thereof, shall at all times keep and have deposited in the treasury of the United States, in lawful money of the United States, a sum equal to 5 per centum of its circulation, to be held and used only for the redemption of such circulation; and when the circulating notes of any such association or associations shall be presented, assorted or unassorted, for redemption in sums of $1,000 or any multiple thereof to the secretary of the treasury, or to the assistant treasurer in the city of New York, the same shall be redeemed in United States notes. All notes so redeemed shall be charged by the secretary of the treasury to the respective associations issuing the same, and shall notify them severally on the first day of each month, or oftener at his discretion, of the amount of such redemption; whereupon each association so notified shall forthwith deposit with the treasurer of the United States, in United States notes equal to the amount of its notes so redeemed, and when such redemption have been so reimbursed, the circulating notes have been so redeemed, or if worn, mutilated or defaced, NEW NOTES Instead shall be forwarded to the respective associations, provided that each of said associations shall reimbuse to the treasury the costs of the redemption and of supplying new notes in place of those redeemed, and the associations hereafter organized shall also severally reimburse the treasury in the costs of engraving and printing their circulating notes; and provided further that the entire United States notes outstanding in circulation at any one time shall not exceed the sum of $400,000,000, now authorized by the existing law. Sec. 4. That any association organized under this act, or any of the acts of which this is an amendment, desiring to withdraw its circulating notes in whole or in part, may upon deposit of the lawful money within the meaning of said acts, in sums not less than $10,000 with the treasurer ot the United States, withdraw a proportionate amount of bond deposited in pledge for such circulation, and he shall redeem, cancel and desroy an amount of circulating notes of such association equal to the amount issued on such bonds. Sec. 5. That sections 31 and 32 of said act be amended, by requiring that such of said associations shall keep its lawful money reserve within its own vaults at the place where its operations of discount and deposits are carried on, and all provisions of said sections requiring or permitting any of said association to keep any portion of its lawful money reserves elsewhere than its own vaults, or requiring or permitting redemptions of its circulating notes elsewhere than at its own counters, are hereby repealed. Sec 6. That upon circulating notes hereafter issued, or hereafter to be issued, whenever the same shall come into the treasury in payment or on deposit, for redemptlon or otherwise, there shall be printed, under such rules and regulations as the treasurer may prescribe, a charter of the numbers of associations by which they are severally issued. Sec. 7. That associations without circulation may be organized under the provisions of said act upon deposit with the treasurer of the United States of not less than $10,000 in United States registered bonds, as provided in section 16 of said act, and the associations