Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 11, Number 51, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 May 1852 — Page 4

DAILY STATE SENTINEL.

Speech of Hob. T. A. Hendricks, of Indiana, r i - D..ki:. T amJm rsrlurtuM etf th mriee 'a Setllert. . and grants to the Western Statu, delivered in the House of Kepruealatxte. Jltru me, iosz. The House being in tha Committee of the Whole on the bill "to Booarage agriculture, manuiactares, com and otneTefaaohea of industry, by granting to every man who is the head of a family a homestead of ft - -1 . fj ft ft; ft on hundred and sixty acres ot lanu out tne oi puDiic aom&in, upon condition of oooupancy and cultivation of of thosame for the period herein specified' Mr. HE XD RICKS said: Mr Chairma.v; There are two measure now before the committee in which the West baa a special interest; and as I represent a portion of that great and growing eectun, I will occupy the attention of the committtee while I present my views in relation to them. I reler, sir, to that class of bills which propose to give the right of way over the publio lands, and to donate to several of the Western States, to aid them in the contraction of important lines of railroad, thu alternate sections of the publio lands tying within six miles of the proposed roads, oa either side, aaJ the bill (which is now the special order) which proposes to give to the actual esttier, who is tbo head of a family, one hundred and sixty acres of the unappropriated public lands. The latter bill, Mr. Chairman, is objected to, as unequal and unjust ia giving to a portion of the people that which belongs to all, and to avoid this objection, I desire to see it amended. And if it be in order, I will before taking my seat, move th.it it be reported 10 the House, with a reoomiaendation that it be recommitted to the committee on Publio Lands, with Instructions to repot in "is stead, a bill securing to all persons, who settle upon ue unappropriated publis Unas, in good faith, for their own exclusive use and benefit., the right to enter one hundred and si ft v acres thereof, at the cost price to the Uovernment. This measure of reducing the price of tne puonc landa tn actual settlers to the sum thev cost the Govern. ment, and the measures to which I have alluded, of donating to the new Slates portions of the publio lands, to aid them in the construction of railroads of general importanc.!, I propose to disauss. And sir, I desire to present them in connection, as they form, together, a policy whica will secure the early settlement and improvement of the unoccupied lauds of the West. In this result, Mr. Chairman, I hara intimated that the West has a speoial, paramount interest. But sir, with the West every other section of the country, and all the leading interests of every section, would be greatly benefited and promoted. It has been raid that these measures are antagonistic; that securing lands to settlers up n such easy terms would greatly impair, if not defeat tha purposes of the grants to the railroads. And I believe that some of the friends of the railroad grants oppose ma oiner moarsures npon mis rouna. a most measures should go together. Tbey will sustain and strengthen each other. The policy of stimulating immigration and encouraging dense settlements in the interior of a new country, wiih-nt providing any mein of trantporting their produoe to market, would be searoely less wise, than that of oonstruoting railroads oto an ur.oocupiad region, without, at tha same time, jncouraging the speedy settlement, improvement, and cultivation of the aurrounding oountry. Bjt bafore alluding to tbe considerations in favor of the policy, I will notice the positions assumed by some of the gentlemen who oppose it. The gentleman from Mine Mr. Fuller aod the gentleman from Virginia Mr. Averett deny the constitutional power of Coogress to donate the publio lands to the Stales, for internal improvement purposes, or to individuals, for the purposes of settlTont and improvement. Tue whole power of Congress over the publio domain, grows out of the following provision of the Constitution of the United Stales: "Congress shall have power to dispose of, and make all needful rulea and regulations respecting, the territory or other property belonging to the United States." The mode of disposiug of the public lands, is not here pointed out, but is left to th discretion of Congress, whether for an adequate, an inadequate, or for no consideration whatever, would seom to be within the lettsr of this clause. But, air, I need not stand behind so literal a construction of this provision. Leaving the letter, and looking only to the spirit of the clause, I ask, in what manner may Congress di-pose of tbo lands f l am answered, by n))J tbe proceeds going into the common Treasary. Then I ask, may not Congress do, in respect to the lands, whatever is necessary or useful, in bringing them info market, and securing an early and a.Xa -a f til ? DTofitah! sali thereof ? This is not culled in Question,

And upon this principle is based nearly all tbe legisla- I debt afterwards; and, sir, after these ends were accomtion ol Congress in relation to the public lands. , i'li'hed, the Federal Government held these lands, not The gentleman from Virginia asks, where is the pew- specially in trust, but as she holds all her other property, cr of Congress to educate the children, provide for the I to be nsed and disposed of by he, as the representative poor, or cure the insane? I freeiy auswer, there is no I of the whole people, for the public good. And. sir, it is

such power given. And as an object sought for itself, and not as incidental to something else, neither educa tioii nor charity may be provided for by the Federal Government. But if, in the administration of the public lands, these enterprises beoome necessary or useful, either to bring the lands into market, or to secure a speedy sale el" the less valuable portions, by making tbem more desirable to the purchaser end settler, then may Congress lend her aid to these purposes. And ander this right, from the earliest time, has Congress saade donations of the public lands for schools, for seminaries of learning, for charitable institutions, and for roads and canals. Further air: in the wise administration of the public domain, under the provision of the Constitution which I bave mentioned, Congress has exorcised the highest power whiob any government may possess, the power of organising governments in the Territories. Theas measures on the part of the General Government were not lesa wise than they were just and right. Thereby the oountry waa assured of tbe early establishment of schools and of law and order in the new countries. And thus men were induced to leave the too populous portions of the oountry, to find society and wealth in the new seotiens. And undar this policy . the threat agricultural resources of the West have been tnua far developed. The gentleman seems to repudiate the weight and authority of preoedent. To this position h ia forced, for the whole praotioe of tbe Government since 1791 is against his argument. Although no usage of the Government may oreate a power, yet, to ascertain tbe extent of that which is conferred in cases of doubtful propriety, or uncertain construction, it is well to consalt th Fathers of the Republic And to their counsel and decisions, given and made in the earlier days of the Re public, I would listen with almost reverential regard. I will briefly notice some of the precedents they have furnished us. Before the adoption of the Constitution, at early as 1783, (which was on year after the cession of the Northwestern country by Virginia.) in an ordinance prescribing the mode of disposing of the public lands in the Western Territory, there was 'reterntd the lot Nj. 16 im per township," for tbe maintenance of Dublic schools therein. Again, in 17S7, we find similar legislation. After the adoption of tbe Constitution we find no change in this policy of the Government in relation to th'? lands. In 1791 an act was passed "granting land to the inhabitants and settlers at Vmcennes and the Illinois country, in th territory northwest of the Ohio river." By this grant four hundred acres were given to acb settler that was the bead of a family. The force of this precedent ia somewhat impaired by the f.tct, that a to a p rti'.n of this grant, thore was an obligation pen the Government to make it, incurred before that time. Ia 1795 Congress passed a law granting twenty thouand acres of land, situate on the northern bank of tbe Ohio, aad at th mouth of th Little Sandy, to auch French inhabitants as sboul i, within Ave yeara from tho date of tbe patents, settle upon said lands and maintain nob settlements for five rears. Such a law as this tbe gentleman from Virginia Mr. Averett pronounoes unconstitutional ; and yet it was passed by a Congress in which were many of th framers of the Constitution, and signed by the illustrious man who presided over the Convention which framed that instrument. In 1792 a grant of a township of land was made to John Cleves Bynames aad associates, for the purpose of establishing aa academy, publio schools, and seruir.aries ol learning. In 1902, by the law providing for the admission of Ohio into tbe Union, tha sixteenth section in every township was granted to tbe inhabitants thereof for tha nse of chools; the six miles reservation, including the Scioto fait Springs, were granted to the State, to be leased for limited terms, "for the us of tbe people," and tha one twentieth part of the net proceeds of th lands lying within the Sttte were set apart for the construction of roads leading into and through that State; all, however, npon the oondition that the lands sold by Congress in th State shall lie exempt from taxation for five years from the day of sale. In 104, in the law providing for the disposition of the publio lands in the Indiana Territory, the sixteenth seotion in every township was reserved "for the support of schools" therein, and one townskip for the ase of a seminary of learning. In 1818 an additional township was granted to the State of Indiana, tifmm tk. ,.r . L. r : n i a i .ft inc itwm ui a d in itrai j wi teaming, nnu utc per eat. of the net proceeds ot the lands !yia& within that Territory was ''reserved for making public roads aad aals." By laws of Congress, passed in IS 19 and 19, five per cent, of the net proceeds of the lands lying Within the States of Alabama and Missouri was reserved for works of internal improvement. In 1826, 1517, 1929. 1930 and 1931, lands were granted to lie

States of Kentucky, Alabama, Aarkaasaa, Indiana, and Ohio, for benevolent and educational purposes, sod for eoastrnoticn of works of internal improvement. Mr. Chairman, I will not weary the committee by a Jsifthwr detail of this legislation. Commencing with Washington's administration, and dosing with th laws granting leads to settler in Oregon and Minnesota, I might multiply tbe prsajiassits apon tbe gentlemen, alpost seyoosl satWr. Tita law f this sias ar ft

numerous, in every tulrntniat ration, that they are as foot

Di ints along ike iaUiwr.y or lbs country' bieiory. I .II U. ihi i.rnh nf th uiiit huvinif that the cnnatitutionality of this class ol legislation is sustained bT every mode which wi regard as authoritative. Mr. Chairman, Apposition is made to these measures ' upon the ground ' as eharg -d, that they are unequal and oniust, and in violation ol that trust, under which the General Government holds the lands which were ceded by the, Statea. And to sustain this position, gentlemen, i refer to the several deeds by which the lands east of the Mississippi and north of the Floridas were ceded to the aaas . a E . a - a - f - I- I 1 United States, in which were provisions that the lands were for tha common use and benefit of all the States. Ami much aaasssst ia Disused noon tbe language found in the Virginia and North Carolina deeda of cession, that ... ft J the lands ceded should j considered as a common fund for the use and benefit of tbe United Slates ' according to their respective and usual proportions of the general charge and expenditure, and shall be faithfully disposed of for that purpose," See. This language was tlrst used in the Virginia deed, which was made while the States were held together under tbe "Articles of Confederation," and to be properly understood must be taken in relation to th modo of assessing and imposing tha "general charge" upon th several Stites. Under the Articles of Confederation, the revenues of the General Government were not collected directly from individuals, but were assessed upon th several States, in their proportions, and each State collected its proportion, and paid it into the common trees. -y. To this charge upon the several States, the Virginia deed refers. But under our ..,.,. ivstim. tbe States are not thus cbartred. 1,1 CS"- H W . 'W . 'ft U ' II . I r I. ... . Iut the revenues are coiiccieu iruiu iu.ioiuuan, uj a i unon that whioh they purchase from abroad. And der the Constitution this peculiar phraseology of the Virginia and North Carolina deeds, can have no practical meaning and effect, nnless, perhaps, in the event of a resort to a "capitati-m or other direct tax," which (un - . m a. II a a .a a . . . - . . - . -. . der the Constitution,) would be laid in proportion to the census or enumeration. Mr. Chairman, the first step taken to secure a canon of lheir Uoi9 . thfl States to the Qenerl Governmont was in I7S0. Under the Articles of Confederation, the General Government, a I have said, could not impose any tax directly npon the people ; and by reason of the general derangement of trade and ooramerce in the country, tome of the States were unablo and failed to furnish their proportion of "the general charge and expenditure. " Congress was thus greatly embarrassed in raising means to prosecute the war, and on t he 6th of September, 1780, passed a resolution recommending to the States to surrender their lands to the United Stales. Further to induce thi surrender, on the 10th of October ol the same year, by resolution of Congress, th Stat were assured that tbe lands "should be disposed ol lor it,. A. m m . . m k.n.fi ft nf tha fTnilft.il Slftljlc " ITnitftmr thi iiiei V.I1IU iiioii uoucui vi .ftftv v.o. u ......... m mww. .... call, New York alone surrendered her lands. On tbo 13th of April, 1783, Congress again appealed to the j gtates assuring tbem that, to discbarge tbe national ibbt. reliance was had on the '-prospect of vacant ler - ritory in aid of other resources." Virginia then surrendered her lands. But so great was the solicitude of dno-ress to obtain the ontrol of the residue of the vaotnt territory, that in April, 1784, tne subject was again presented to the attention of the States; and they were urged t consider ''that the war being now broaghl to a happy termination by the personal scr vices of our m soldiers, the supplies of property by our c-itisens, and loans of money Irom them as well as from foreigners, . . J . ... . . . . these several creditors bave a right to expect that funds shall be provided on which tbey may rely lor indcmnih cation ; that Congress still consider vacant territory as an important resource ; and that tberelore the said States be earnestly pressed, by immediate and liberal cessions, to forward these necessary ends, and to promote the harmony of the Union." Upon this oall, Massachusetts, Connecticut, North and South Carolina, and Georgia surrendered their lands to the General Government. And, si.-, as soon as all these States, except Georgi i, had made their cessions, Congress, by a law of 1790, pledged the lands in the Western Territory to the payment of the nuhlio debt. r r what purpose, then, sir, were these lands conveyed . . . . . to the United States? The gentleman from Maine Mr. Fuller says it was not to pay any debt. Sir. I do not insist that it was or that purpose only. I repudiate the whole of the dootrine that that these lands were held by the Government, in trust, to pay the publio debt, and after that for the benefit of the .several States, and out of which grew the whole of tbe land distribution posfey. But the whole transaction by which these lands were acquired by the United State., and the pledge of them to our creditors in 1790, siiow that the great consideration, and inducement on the part of the States, in their surrender, was to provide for the exigencies of the i country during the war, and to discharge the public upon this very doctrine of the public good, that I advocate a reduction of the price m the public lands tn the settlers. Now that the debts of the Revolution, and of the war of 1912, have been discharged, I deny that Congress may rightfully speculate in the lands off tf the settlers. It is not for the public good. In bis message of 1832, President Jackson says: "Among the interests which merit tho consideration of Congress after tbo payment of the public debt, one of th most important, ia my view, is that of the public lands. Previous to th formation of our present Constitution, it was recommended by Congress that a portion of tbe waste lands owned by the States, should be oeded to the United States for the purposes of general harmony, and as a fund to meet the expenses the war. The recommendation was adopted; and at d lie rent periods of time, tbe States of Massachusetts, Connec- - r v L u t..i f i i huui. now luis, v iruiiua, iioiiu siiu jjiuii vaiunua, and Geornia. ffranted their vacant soil for the uses for vnicn i ley .taa aeen amktd. As the lands mar now be oonsidered as relieved from this pledge, the objeot for which tbey were coded having been accomplished, it is in the discretion of Co.igress to dispose ol tbem in such way as best toconduco to tho quiet, harmony, and gen-1 eral interest of th American people." Again, in the aame message, he say: "It seems to mo to be our true policy that tbe public, land shall case, as sein es practicable, to bo a source of revenue, aid that they shall be sold to settlers in limit- ' a a a . - . . ed parcels at a price barely sulheitnt to reimburse to the United States the expense of the present system and the cost arising under our Indian compacts." If these lands are held ander so strict a trust, and may not be diverted for any purpose, as gentlemen con tenu, tuen i ask now cam the numerous grants to , schools, academies, and works of internal improvemon at every period of the country's history f Did Washington, Jefferson, Mauison Monroe, Adams, and Jackson violate a sacred trust in signing tho numerous bills making the grants? But, Mr. Chairman, lest I be misunderstood, I will say, that 1 do not advocate, and will not support, all of the bills making grants of lands for railroads now before Congress. Many of them I will oppose. I will only sapport suoh as I believe to be of general interest and importance " naticnal in their character." The bill introduced by my colleague Mr. Davis I will sapport. That bill proposes to give to the States of Indiana and Illinois, to aid in tbe construction of a railroad from Terre Haute, in tbe Stat of Indiana, to SpringHeld, in the State of Illinois, the alternate sections ol the public lands, for six sections in width on each side of said road. Now, sir, bow can tbe Government, or any portion of the oountry, sustain any loss by this grant? Under it, about 61.000 acres will be given to these States, upon tbe condition that th railroad is constructed. But, under the provisions of th bill, tbs 61, j00 acres reserved by tbe Government are required to be sold for $2,60 per acre; and thus, apon the construction of the road, the reserved lands will bring as much into th public Treasury as tbe whole would bave brought without the road. And, sir, no man can doubt that the lands so reserved l a B sfS - as as S 0 uy tno iivernmeni win sen more reaauy at litis in-

creased price than, without th road, the whole wwüTqhy the General Government for five years after the sale, have sold for $1.25 per acre t And the purchasers mat ' full consideration, and that arrant is no donation. Tlis

well afford ta give the enhanced rrice, for. by the con struction of the road, the lands are rendered that much more valuable. This road will form a portion of tbe treat line of railroads running from tbe East to tbe West, connecinsf by this cbaiu tbe States of Pennsylva- ( nia. Ohio. Iuiliana. Illinois, and Missouri. When thia I sreat enterprise is completed, it will be a work of na tional importance. There is, sir, a provision in this bill, and I believe th same provision ia found in the other railraid bills, tha importance of which is, I think, overlooked. It is, that when the road is completed, th Government shall have the right of transporting in the cars the troops, munitions of war, and army supplies of the United States, st the lowest rates paid by individuals for like services; and that the public msils shall be transported thereon, under the charge and direction of the Post Office De partment, at each prices as Congress may establish. By reference to the report of th Postmaster General, we find that during tbe last fiscal rear, the transnortai.n of the mails npon railroads thronghout the United States, cost the Government about eleven and one half cents per mile; by coaches about five cents and three mills; by steamboats, about eight cents and three millsft ft. . j . m . anu ty oiner moues not specified , about lonr oents and eight mills per mile. Is th 8tate of Indiana the total annual transportation of the mails was 1,769,844 miles. Of this transportation, 99,216 miles were noon railroads, at a cost of $10,650, being about tea and three fonrth cents per mile : the remaining transportatioa of 1,670.618 miles, wa by modes not specified, at a cost of $77,634, about four and two thirds cents per mil. Mr. Chairman, it is very obvious that with but little delay, railroad oompanies might transport the mails with less inoonvenience, and at less expense than it oan be done by any pther mode. Tt th Oovernmeat is now pay og them far this service at a rate of from oae hand red to tire IraadrssJ aad lily par seat, higher thea j aaid ta

be other contractors for the same sernoe. 1 His is

owing L tha Uct that ih-ce r.miv.nies on bave no coinneiitor Tnr xirrdnn fht mail with eciual speed. The right aecured to Congress in this bill, of establishing fail , prices lor carrying the mail over tne roau, at wuim the roads now carrvinc the mails, would save annually of the post office revenue, about $500,000 nearly one the post office revenue, about sw,ww-nwi'). th of the entire cost of transportation of the mails in the United States, and noa rly one fourth the amount re- - , ceived from the sales of the publi e public lands. Waat, men, ' air, will tiiis right be worth, when the roads now cemmenced, or in contemplation, ara completed, and two - I M - UA- J Ql f it thirds of the mail transportation is upon them? air, it would save annually to the Government nearly as much as we receive from the lands I have no means ol estimating the annual saving to the Government likely to I m .ft . I ,L.a t .-. wine accrue from the provision in these bills, that the troop munitions of war, and army supplies of the United Statea shall be transported on the roads at the lowest rates paid by individuals for like services ; but 1 will say, that it tbe demands of the railroad monopolies lor this service are aa exorbitant and unconscionable, as they are for carrying the mails, then this provision cannot but be valuable, and in time of war, for the speedy transportation cf the army without extortioo, it would b of the greatest importance. In his report of last November, the Commissioner of the General Land Office, speaking of the Western States ana tne leritories, says "In those States and Territories there now remains an aggregate of more than fourteen hundred millions of n eres of unsold land, abounding in all the varieties of mmerai weilth. and Iruitlul in all tne productions oi ine . m . ft. -ft ft) . L. . L . L .in... nw Amfnrl f . cariu inn can minister iu inc y3ipiuc i man. Fourteen hundred millions of acres! So vast is it, sir, (hat our minds fail to fully take in and comprehend its extent, ' iruitlul in all the productions Ol tue ; that can minister to the comfort or happiness I.I" - A .a . a t m. this vast portion of the earth lies yet a wilderness. Holding these lands for the people, in what way snail the Government dispose of them? What, sir, should be its policy in reference to this great territory T Should it be liberal, encouraging its early settlement, and the sneedv development of its vast resources: or, to secure two or three millions of dollars annually to the publio T ..I I 1 .1 I 1 . I 1.11 a .- la aa r . i a r ' or WZ1 i, ' Treasury, should the ands be held on to With a miser s rrasD T Sir. let them be settled, improved, and culti I t i 1 ik. ..nl... .111 rv Infrt tha Troasiirv . in the impoA tax upon foreign gU. which the, ; .u.t con stime. more than we arc annua lv realmnsr from the salt of tho lands. And what a marktet win new asassp land be called upon to supply from her shops and factories. and Pennsylvania from her furnaoe, and the South .TV ... ... ?! with tbe productions of her toil ! And how will our commerce tie stimulated our ships laden uovvn wnn tne ' Trrk.liift.ti.nci rf thot rati rtruintrv' T aV tf (T fr. t lfl tn e I of i- ...... i- - j ft Ii l I New England, and the jLtlantio States, that we all have an interest in this oreat en'-?: i in Dut wc are met with tho sfcuonal and eelttsn reply. ! that the advantages of this liberal legislation cannot be available to tbe people of the East. I ask, why not t j Why may not tbe industrious and enterprising young men , of your States, who have not means to secure a home I w.. ' - - - ... St . . stead where tho land is so high, go to tho West, ana, at the cheap rates which I propose, secure to themselves a freehold, and the independent position of Western far mers? It is true, Mr. Chairman and I freely admit it that, in this policy, th Western States have the gi eater inter 1 wt r .i ! i i i i . ft . m i est. By bringing these wild lands into cultivation, ana i . r ' . .... . . ... .. j subjecting them to State taxation, we are made tne ricn t er, while you are made none the poorer. In this we take nctntng irom you, but win bring our wtjauu up on. ui that earth which is now idle and waite. We ask no annrtnal Mn.l n..in.l a Sani t Torn m lata I Va if si'lilrsll " ) Vllll 1m t tuai .mi i ; 1 1 j 3i j . ' it. i ' i t mst f y t hiv j " . taied that we may become rich. Mr. Uüairman, i win i not diss' .' the fact that upon this question I feel and speak as a Western man ; and I am bold to say that the West may now rightfully claim that a liberal, generous

folicy be adopted in the disposition of the publio lands. upon land that is his own, to labor there for himself and 'o show, sir, the profit made by the Government in the. his children, associating with the na.ive farmers around ales of th lands ts the people of the West, I will read jliim, and how soon will they beoome Americaniaed im-

.1. . . . . ..,e m a j Irom the report ol tbe Commissoner oi tne trenerai L,anu Ultice, ol December 9, 1300. Me says: 'That by a careful examination it it ascertained that the entire area of the public domain, exclusive of tbe lands in Oregon, California, New Mexico, Utah, tbe 1 Indian andNebraska Territories, was 424,103,750 acres. . About one fourth of this luad has -veil soiu, and 'he purchase money received fori: amounts U, ö,339,092. The cost of the whole of these lands. Including the amount paid to France for Louisiana, to Spain for the Floridas, and amount paid for extinguishing the Indian title, was f. $61,121,717 : A portion only of these lands has been surveyed, tbe cost of which, including salaries of surveyors general, and cleiksand expense attend ing.tbe survey, is. Less than half the land surveyed has been 6,69,83S sold, anJ th whole cost of selling and managing the aame, including every expense, not previously charged, is 7,466,324 AtTrrrprrutftn.if. nl svrvliint 1. SM 7.179 Net protit to the Government 60.331,213 This will be m-ro fullv aiDrtcmted when it is un derstood that the average eot to th Government ot acquiring title tn th public lanis, inoludins the eatin. KaisbmeBt of the Indian title, is. . .cents. 14 41 per acre. Cost of survey I 07 per acre. Cost of selling and managing 5.32 per acre. Total aveiaj eist tl,80 p sr sere. While for each acre sold, the Government gets $1 25, or a net profit, over and above every oost and expense, $103 1-5 per acre." Tee, Mr. Chairman, the lands cost tho Government . . - . , 1 . 1 m . ii'Ji i wfttiiv-iwo cents per acre , anu sue tens mem ir a. n- n, . . .... u.. ..,;..ti,'ii ' $I HhtJ tract costs her not quite $17 60, sni t.ri and she sells it for $100. And for tho quarter section, wnioh coats her less than $30 20, she got $200, making a pruflt of $164 SO, on every quarter section sho sells to ta farmers or the West. I his profit not being required to meet any expenses conneoted with the lands, goes into the treasury, aud forms a part of the general revenue. It is a tax, sir, to that amount upon the settlers of the West. But, Mr. Chairman, let us prosecute this iuquiry a little farther. When the Indian title is extinguished, and the surveys aro completed, what are tbe lands that are situated far out from tho settlements worth to the Gov eminent! What can she get for tbem? Not anything, 'sir. Not even tbe twenty-two cents per acre. But, as the advanoing column of emigration approach s, bearing ,' down the forests, opening farms, building up towns, constructing roads, erecting seuooi nooses ana cnurcnes, organizing society, an4 establishing law and order, these lauds are brought into market, and are rendered valuable and desirable, and then the Government may com man.i for tbem tha $1 25 per acre from the hardy, enterprising adventurous men, who lead the advanced ranks of civilisation. Sir. it is the bold pioneers of tho West that bave given value to your lands. And when they or tbeir sons wish to improve and cultivate a portion thereof their Government charges aud taxes tbem with this very vain which they have given to it. lo show tho profit whioh tbe General Government baa made out ol the sales of her lands to the people, I will refer to the sales that have been mad ia the State whioh I have the honor in part to represent. Aud first, sir, I will say, that I have beard very much said since I bave taken my sent in this Hall, about the donations of land that have been made to the State of Indiana, and other Western States. And these donations bave been spoken of as if they were mere benefactions from tbe hand f the Government. Let us see how tbe account stands with Indiana. The grants made to her for schools, colleges, Sic. for roads, canals, and other internal improvements, for tbe seat of government, and for swamp lands, in the aggregate amount to 3.267,460 acres, which, at $1 25 per acre, would amount to $4,084,325. But, sir, for 676,917 acres of this, amounting, at $1 25 per aore, to $841,996, granted by the law providing for her admission into lb Union, Indiana surrendered the liuht of taxinsr the lands sold leaves the Government to claim as a donation to the State only 2,591,543 acres amounting to $3,239.329, I have not included the three per cent, of the sales of tbe lands in the "State, secured lo her by the same law, for that was but a part of tbe consideration for which the State surrendered her rizbt of taxinz the lands for five years ater their sal. Tbe people of Indiana have purchased of the lands within her border 15,918,790 acres. This cost the Government not quite twenty-two oents per acre, amounting to $2,502,133 80. For thia land the Government received from the purchasers $21,870,253 57, more than $1 37 per acre, making a profit to the Government upon every acre of land sold to the people of Indiana of $1 15. Mr. Chairman, after deducting the donations te the State, estimated at $1 25 per acre, and tbe costs of the lands, the General Government has made a clear profit upon the lands sold to the settlers within the State of Indiana, of the sum of $16,128,793. When was a people so taxedf and who were the men who paid this enor mous promt rsot men ot woaitu; not speculators, sir. Tbey were bold men, energetio and enterprising; but they were generally poor men men whe, to secure a home for themselves and their families, paid out the last dollar to the Government, and without means encountered the hardships of tbo border life: without means opened their farms, built their houses, and made their roads. What a contrast in the policy towards the East, with her manufacturing establishments, and tne Weat, with her agricultural interest. Th former you have protected, encouraged, and stimulated; while the latter, in its infancy and ia its weakness, you have mad to pay a burdensome tribute. Aad, sir, where has this money, that th West has Cd into the Treasury, gone1 Not ia any way has it n reoeived by the Waat. Not a tube bave w reoeivd back again. Wb.il oar navigation and commerce ar aegleeted, sad ear freat national rivers are aaiat.

proven, tots money tont we have aid into trie ireasnry

i taen to cn.'iucl Viur bretk-watera. improve v.-ur harbors, and builil your lishl houe upon the Atlantic cowl. And yet Main, and New York, and Virginia v.j. uiu lv lue janus; tax wu, revenue from them. Sir, the pieneers of the West have paid enough, let their tons have cheap lands. Give the piu cuuuu, JCi lumr sons nave entrap isuus. i young man of the country lands upon easy terms, and they, as independent farmers, will r make you a good return oi virtue, ol patriotism, and ol revenue. Mr. Chairman, in this connection I will reler to the sentiment of President Jackson, expressed twenty years Sfe swat A r, I aaaatääVaV --- f, . .- I . iifilnr. j ago. Ana i uo so with great pleasure, tor he unaer j stood Western insterest, and comprehended tbe impor- , tance ol agriculture more thoj-ouglily than any other statesman ol our country. And if his sentiments j nau governed in other administrations, we would not bave seen the West, in its infant struggles, so burdened by the band of Government, while the East was protected and strengthened. He says: ' It cannot be doubted that the speedy settlement of j these lands constitutes the true interest of the Republic. The wealth and strength of acountry are its population and the beat part of that population are the cultivators of the oil. Independent farmers are everywhere tbe basis of society, and true ft ends of liberty." Again, he says: "The adventurous and hardv population of the West, besides contributing their equal share of taxation under our import system, have, in the progress of our Govern- : ment, for tbe lands they occupy, paid into the Treasury 1 a larce proportion of tort v millions of dollars, and of tne revenue received tiiere irono. out a mai part hat I . . ft ... - I - - ft - 1 hmmm ftnftJ-J M I L W I .,.!. !. v,m litium uwy mia. ucu, u uic uijaumuini: of their situation in this respect, wc add the considers a. a AI M -4 i ft a" ... . . uon mat u i nur laoor atont tcMck meet real value to , the lands, and that the proceeds arising from their sale

ue earth, ' are distributed chiefly among States which had not oriof man," i sinaliy any claim to tbem, and which have enjoyed the

: undivided emolument arising from the sale of their own ( lanus, it cannot be expected that the new States will re main longer contented with the present policy after the payment of the public debt. To avert the consequences which may be apprehended from this cause, and to put an end forever to ali p rti a and interested legislation on ! this subject, and to afford to every American citixen of AHlarnriaa Ina f I . ... I i J m ' enterprise, the opporunity .of ecuring an independent Ireehold, it seems to mri, thcrelore, best to abandon the iiiea of raiaino- a fiitun. i . vcnim nut nf tlio midlin l ul " Mr. Cha,rrnan there is but one other oonsiJeration in ! favor of the re;!ueuon r.t tne nrioe of the null ir lands. Which I hall HOW nonce. It IS, Sir, that It Will provide j for tbe foremn emu-ration tliat is vearlv landlDZ upon ! our shores in grentlv-increned nnmbers. Motives of i . .. ... j humanity, as well as considerations of sound policy, rei quire mat wc provide cheap linns lor tnese ernijji ant. j Whthpr W. llfftirn it ne fo.t thftkV t-'!l ft-imr. In 1?.n. 1 I -1 . s j rope, the. battle for freedom seems to have been fought, ! and lost. Despotism has settled down upon the tieople, All who long for liberty nra lodtinir towards our shores. j Ireland is coming, and Germany is sending her children, Oppression has made th?ra poor, and many destitute, and many with small means, are landing. For their good, for our good and safety, give them cheap lands Sir, I am not one of those who aro troubled with fears of danaer to oor institutions c.n account of the prcsenoe of a foreign population amongst us. I think that the man who leaves the land of his nativity, tbo associations of his youth, and the attachments of his manhood, because ho admires our institutions, and longa for the lib erty the) secure, and makes ours the land of his choice and adoption, gives a high guarantee cf his fidelity to! our laws and institutions. But to those who think diner, j ently, who believe there ia danger in this foreign emi-! gration, may I not address my argument. Whence do you apprehend the danger? Under what circumstances is it most imminent? Is it not where we find them in great numbers dependent upon city labor for subsistence? But hold out inducements for them to go out to the new oountrv , each man to settle down bued with the pervading love of country? They will then feel that they and their children have a stake and interest in the country and ita institutions. In peace they will be qm.'t. law-abiding citizens, and in war the I - . ' :n i . .l 2. : . -J i-vtimr s causa win oo tueir eause, arm ner caemies iu-ir enemies. Mr. Chairman, I knoT of no object that, as phil.tntb.ro. pists and statesman, we can more desire, than that every man who cultivates the soil shall have his own land to labor upon. But, air, there is force in the objection to the bill und.r consideration, that it gives the land to the settler without Hrrry price; that it is taking that which belongs to all, and giving it to a part. And to avoid that objection I propose the amendment that the Governmeut sbali be paid for each piece of land what it haa com her. None can then complain of inequality or injustice. And the prioe, twenty-two oents j per acre, is bat a small impediment to the settler in geti tiag his freehold. It is but a small impediment, too, to j the speedy settlement of the Western wilderness. I therefore move -hat the bill nnd nendins? amendi - - , - - sr is m meats Re i eported to tne House, with a recommendation that tbey be recommitted to the Committee on Public Lands, with instructions to report a bill securing to the i settler the right to enter a qaarter section of land at tne price it costs the Uovernroent. Tne Chairman. That motion is not now in order. Mr. Hendsicks. Then I will make it when in order, if I Calcet the floor. PÜGH, XEWLAND, A CO. WOULD invite lheir friends and country' merchants generally, to their large and carefully aelected stock of Groceries, whibb tbey will sell at very low pricea for caah, or in exchange for Bacon, Lard, Feathers, Ftsiited, Oinsei.'g, dec. TaS following are the leading articles, vis: 150 l.ags pi one green Rio Coffee; 1150 hhds. frem fair to prime New Orleans Sugar; 10 oo. Clarafied Sugar; 100 Hurrel Crushed Sngar, assorted numbers; 10 do. Powdcrtxt do. tlo. do; SO do. Clarified do; S Csses Double Refined Loaf Sugar, 350 Barrels Plantation Molasses, Cypress Cooperasr SO do New Orleans Syrup; 0 do. Oolite ii Syrup, St. Louts Riflnery; 30 hf do. do do do do; M Kegs do do da do; wags Msrysvuie Cot'ou Yarns, assorted W0 do Pittsburg do do do do dot ata) do Orshamp'.on do do (0 do Tennessee do do 300 Bales Cotton Batting, Pure, ds do; iars carpel Cliain, 39 Hales Candle Wick; 50 Doz Fancy half Bucket, 100 do Panned and Fancy iS 40 Neat Painted Tub; 50 Doz Zinc Washboards: 7000 lbs Roiled Bar Lead. 300 Bags Shot, assorted sizes; 150 doz long and short Bedcoris, 75 coila Bedcord Rope; 50 doz cotton i - ui Lin ret 90 hhds stritrtly prima New Orleans Sugar, 50 boxes Missouri and Kentucky Tobacco! 60 do Jaraea Ri ear TohaCuo, various liraista 90 100 185 30 'U do do do do do cent mon Ky . do very low; pressed Cairtiles; star do assorted eiaes; Sperm do; Rosin Snap; Fancy dsx 100 do 300 reams heavy Wrapping Paper, assorted stsnt jo no cap ana loiter do; 100 packages fresh Gunpowder Tea, direct from to teres 15 balf chest Black Tea; 10 do do Ynuug HyaonTea; S3 sacks Liverpool fine Salt, factory ftled; 40 barrels pure Cider Vinegar; 40 do common do; 10 casks new crop Rice; 40 aisssa Butler's Blacking 30 boxes Cuba Six Cigars; 100 d common do; Also, Indigo, Madder, Spice. Pepper, Salerartis, Soda, Ale. rimstone, Copperas, Flour f Sulpher, Cloves, Nutmegs, Cinamon. Camphor, Ink. Mustard, 0 round Spices, Linseed Oil, Castor OU, Spirits Turpentine, Mustaug; Liniment, Nerve and Bone Liniment, Fahuestock's and McLace's Vermifuge, O D. and S B. Caps, end a general assorUBaut of Foreign and Domestic Wines ar i Liquors. L' uisviile, May 1, 1&58. maylOdli-wfw IMPORTANT TO 0WNE&8 OF H0ESES AND CATTLE! Troup & Fickardt's Celebrated Black Liniment IS APPLICABLE in all the various diseases of Horses sud Cat tie, where an external application is required, such as Coras, Chales, Oall, Sprain, Bruiaes, Scratches, Cracked He-i . strain of the Shoulders. Stifie, Hoof, Knee, Hip, Joint, Fetlock, aud of the Pastern and Coffin Joiuts, Sweeney, Splint, Spavin, Hard Tumors. Lrjieinper, I istcia. roil uvii. ore ore. And also, an excellent remedy for the Human frame iu all eases of Weakness or .stiffness of the Joints, Pains lu the Back, Breast, ue, Face, Limbs, ate; Sore Throat, Influcasa, Swelbup, Rbeumalisin, Sprains. Bruiaea, die. 4c Arc. This article ia far superior to and cheaper than the common Nerve and Bone Liuiasent in use. ;"J7"The Genuine is prepared end sold only by the subscribers. It may also be obtained of lheir accredited agents throughout the Slate. Priee SO cans a bottle, or fi bettlea for a dollar, by TROUP FldCaRUT, Drueidrt". UircleTiue, O. Te whom all orders mast be addressed. The GKNL'INE BLACK LI M MENT can also be had of TU ALM A.N at EVAN'S, Indianapolis And at other respectable agencies iu Indiana. ssartw The Greatest Discovery of th Age DR. TBASX'S MAGNETIC OINTMENT, FOR InMamatory Rheumatirm, this Ointment is tbs most complete remedy ever prepared. In W eases out ot 100 it will sfford sntirs relief to the worst cases of Nervous Headache in 30 minutes. For Nervous Diseases, affections of tha Spine, Rheuiastisin Lameness, Bettes, Ac., Ac. it is of immense vale. SWELLED LIMES. If any of oar Ladies are afflicted with a .Swelled Limb, or Milk Lag. as it is sometims called, (a complaint that many females are subject to, arter chikLbirth, and which ia often protracted for Sears.) we would say to all such, get a bottle of Trash's Magnetic iinttneni. which will effect a certain and permauani cure. Price 45 and id ecnta per bottle. Sold wholesale and retail by Craighead dt Browning, Tomllnson Brothers, Induutapoiis; L. Edwards, Oreaiileld, Wiley M. Lowry. Knighisiownj Hodson A Weibern, Ogden; J. R. Bracken dt Ca., Csatbsr sad, and bv one Agsnt ia sacs villas in the State. si-lyw M. B- FBJIOVSON, Tver. Agent.

A National Standard WEBSTER'S QUARTO DICTIONARY. The Entire Work Un abridged, $6,00. Containing THREE TIMES tbe matter found ui any other English LticlKMiary compiled ui tU; country, or any Abridgment of this work ; a Gtofr.rphieal TaUt of l!t,tKX Nantes. IKmstrmXir Quotation and other pecnuarues aud advantages (ouimI ia no other work. Published by 0. ft C. Merriam, Springfield, Mass Wr.BSTKK'.- LMCTIONARV. L'uiverahi- tid..1.75. WEBSTER'S AC ADEMIC DICTIONARY, SM.S5 WEBSTER'S U'.Oa SCHOOL I'ROXOUNCi.NQ FHCTION-ary,Wc-WEBSEER'S PRIMARY SCHOOL DICT , 45c. WEBSTER'S ELEMENTARY BPEtXBTO BOOK, 10c. Fomuug a complete Series of Standard Tictionu-ies oi the Lau-

guafre, secures uniformity :n tae tt et l:igua?e, ai wem :u ; r...iTft..- i..,.., r. i.riiir'w' I j a IU ft ivi:uii.iu.i'fc. fr7Orr tHttliex cepies of tbo Sneliinc Bo?!t ara vM tunaallv. BThe ieadit:g Bcrjes of fJthool Books pTib'tshcd iu this country, are based upon Dr. Webster's syrtem. OCHis graat work is acknowledged, ' well in Great Britaiu as this country, aud wherever the Enjiita Language a spokeu. to be superior to any other. tCDr. Webster Educational works, it is believed, bave done more to secure the uniformity of Pronunciation a: d use of language, and freedom from Proviiic aliams, ao remarkable ia Uua country, efeciallT when the great hiflux of foreigner frutn ail uatrous it oousjdcred, i!:ui any other raw. JITrThe aneutiou o.' the friends of popular education. Super .nlendenia, Teacltat-9, aiKi V areui; is aonc:ied t tlie importance of perpetuating U:d purity l.y the um of such a National .Standard. " We rejoice that it bid fair to become the STANDARD DICTIONARY; to be used bv the numerous million of ptople who are to i.ihabil the United Sia ea." Signtä by IVA Mtmtirt of Comgm.. "It is with pleasure that wc greet tius new and ralunl-ie contri bution to American literature. We rrcomuicw! u to a'l wnone--ue to povwTliK most com nrr . ,.. ,.!,... . - . , . , r - I.tllE. A ri RATE. AND RELIABLE DICTIONARY OK THE LAN..L AtE Dai.iel Webster, Uwn Cai. Thomas II. Denton, and thiny other mein- ' bera of the L'uiied States Senate; Muiud Piiimorc; Thetk.'f Fr- ; linghuysen, Chan. L'u.veraity N. York: Wm U.Camptcl:, hi N Y. Dial. School Jour.; eo. N. Brigga, Gov Mtw l.u f.s. Wm B. Cnlhouu. . r. State Mk- ; It. s. Kw. Corn. Com. Mnooi. N j Hamp; Tbeo. F. hing. sup. Schools, N. Jersey; Rolj't C Win- ; tamp. Speaker U. S. I loose Rep.: Edmund Burkr. Comm" finer i Patent. John Young, Oov. N. York; Chrutoner Morgan, See. j Stale, and Sup. Com Schools ui N. York Alvah Hunt Treat N j York; Rev Sam'l 11. Co, D. D.; Lyman Beechcr. D. D Pro Lane Sem inry: Calvin E. Stowe, D. D . Prof do ; Re- nernan ; Humphrey, D. D., lale Pres. Am. Co lege, Rev Ezra Kel'.er, D. D., Prea. Witte, burg Coll., Oluo: Benjamin Lnrbaree, D. D., Pre. Middlebury Cell ; aud ot!,er distincumhra gentlemen; ''I had tbe gratification ot seeing Web-lei s Dictionary utert as die Standard Dictionary for the schools in Vermont. I was irraiified, tiecaue 1 felt tHu this work waa worthy to In a STAN DARO " (iov Eaten of ft. "A a STANDARD ot' orthorfenphy uJ orthoepy, its claims tr ! SÄn rfcÄ W I ... i .. ....... ..a . . J7,'. , , . nrH .t r.,.. mm r,. . the highest credit and re.pect, it commen.la iuelf atrongly to the art , opien oi our .twboq. msuicts generally, -aupt t,o. 2oc fw Th Standard in th Stale Sormai Softool nrfioed. vnammouUy, Timl Webster' Quarto Dictionary bo ' the bTANDARO in the .New York .attj Nonn si Sc.oo.,, 'If i oniistMiiti . ritfvl uwt r!iftvl mi in mir Pmlrt At JilftailA in I our leciakal'vi i miJ&JS-m e t,ocie. and in pnMic d.-cusic::, n et iiroly ouiiHon JtAn C. Sponotr. Kievcr tbe Enrl:-li lat'iraaei, spoireo, I deserves to be. mu.-t be, i, fad will be. Pre. Stow. "There is no Dictionary but thia of Wsty'er'a that can be a!ted as a STANDARD." Barton Conti f. "As an Amtritan. I am proud of the work. I shai! recommend it a the STANDARD h; the public at-nools of Iii S." That. H Bonton. Jr , SvporinzndHt of Puitie tHttrtrcticn in lutea. "Dr. Webster's American Dictionary- of the llugtih Language aa honor j the couuirv winch gars him b.rth." President Humpkrtf. "We adopted Webster Dictionary of tbe E'.'jrlixh Langeiire as j n o l a.sUaK is, in ptciercnce to evoty otiier, nm iU very &r'. aprearancs.'' JsMss Chr Ititisttr. "Recognised as STANDARD AUTHORITY iTiroHRhoat tits world, whars the English language is pokau." Fititourak Oanttu. " I his work has been adopted as thn STANDARD Dictionary in tha school, and c-oliep as of ir. t of the Stites of the Union, and Sidle officers in charge of the system and aui ject of education, in various States, Kave recnmmeutlo.i apprupri.tt.ons for iis purchase br the Legislature.'' Starttary Shernan of Miciiisan. Governor Wood, of Ohio, in his Amiual Message, Jan.. 1S54, re marks. "It ia adm tied lo be tho morl valuable work f the kind estaut, by the leartitrd men both baia and in Kurope; and its general i use in our school would break down .i'l provincisii'int, so to speak , and produce uniformity and elegance in tha tua of our langtisre. Words n. j d then be used by every one in the same sense in which they axe defined by that abic leaicogranhar.'' maySuft-iaat .. Commercial Institute of Indianapolis. W. McK. SCOTT, A. M., Principal. THIS INSTITUTION is now permasantly ewsJiüshed, and is opeu m all times for the reception of I'upiis, and its rooms having becurccei.tiv titled as with alt the eiasnuice a.id convenience t I " v I the best Cincinnati Collef e, now furnishes advantages erjual lo any iI13U.UUoJ, , üie M, tut a full und ihoroush Cinejtaal Edaca i Uon. wluist tiie oost is liliie over SSM haif of others. Tne Studies of ihe Fnl! Course are thoac necessary for a complete j and thorough Mercantile Education, and cvmpre.ieiidj four distinct ' Clasee at Subjects, to-wit: FIRST C LAS. Docbls EsiitY Boos hswiy . This embraces ihr c euce of Hook Keenii. bv Double Kntrv. and it amica. I Uon to Wholesale and Retail tu.siiteae by ole trnJer". aial Partners, i . . .. . . ... . . T I naitKui. Manulacturinsr, and Uoiuc:. - mppuig, aud Cmmussasv, .Steam Boating , a ltd Foreisni Shipping, and general CoramiMMn btisI iue-s, inclndiiiftr the method of keeping the various auziii.iry books, as the Cash book, BUI book, Bauuc i-ook. Invoice liook. Sale book, I Oram book. Outward Invoice book. Account Current uossk, ore. THE SKtXJXD CLASS embraces the Lews, Cuto:i aial Dssgsa of Trade and Commerce. THIRD CLASS Mescamtils Abithmktic Embraces Calculation in Interest. D;-couur, Ixss and Oain, Commi-sion aud Broker, age. Equation of Pay meuts, Direct an' luduect Exchange, or:, etc., on the uew aiul improved aieihod of Caivcellution. FOURTH CLASS CojoceBciaI. Law Ei::.mce the Law, Ac, relating to Sole Traders, Partnership, Corporis. :ou. and Principal and Agent. Bills of Exchange, lYomissvionary Notes, etc., Marine, Fire and Life Insttrranee, Coti'rscts with carriers, for hiring and service, of Sales ami the nature of Guarantees, and lastly thoee emedies which lie ui a measure, iu the kssjsil ol the Mcrcbanl himself, at the Sioniuifc of Ooorla :n Traiisil. Lien. V. U Us of Cards of Admissioa to a Full Ciurse, occupying from 6 to 12 weeks, 345 00. pre-pai l or secured. A PARTIAL OO0RSE, Embrneins "i Scientific nsrt of the Full Course as illustrated in 5 different eis of Book, together with Lectures on Mercantile Arithmetic and Commercial Law, can lie taken at aty time, leaving it optional with the Pupil after tne c inpleUon pf the Partia! Course to continue tlintngh Ik Full Course. IL" Price of Cards of Adtniasior, io Pa.i.a. Course, 9lJM. pre paid or secured. 0No admittance ns a Pupii in siths cause without first ob- ( tain i n g a ran! " Adir.is.Moti fron, the Ti issCtpeL LECTURES on Banking, Political Bcoaoany, uihI other subjects valuable to the Merchant, to be known, wiU be iieliveretl throughout the Course A Diploma granted only lo those who may pass n aauatactory ex- : aininaiion at tne completion of a Knit Coarae. The best :ime for commencing either cr.-- . the first Moo ! day of each month, although Pupils are admiiied at any lime. R fort of th Hird of EmminiTS, Mag IQ, 1H31. We, the uihlersigned. (by ;eeia. revjuot. act my aa tho Board of Examiner of the Coromercta' Institute ot" Indiana pol ia, do certify ! that ws have attended the examination of the prese I g. tvtuatiiig : class of said lirstitulion. u;tl find aaid class as well acquainted with ! ; tbo elementary principles of Double K.ntry Book Keeping as could well be expected, their age and opportunities of actual practice considered. We believe them to hara received from their present In- j i strneiiftr. a thorn igh drilnag in tl'i: all important branch of Coroner, j Stal Gdacalion, which, if steadily olerved and properiy practiot upon, will render them able accountants and valuable citizens, and ! ws would recoinmend that the following named members of the , pteeent class reeeive Diplomas, lo-wh: James 1. Weeks, Joint M. l.rsy, llezekiah r. Ko!-.-!t. !Smuoi Morris. Joseph R. Haugh, John T. Ferguson. George V. Dorsey, Nirbols .McCarly, Jr., James r. Brosn, and I vrs ,Mo ;rvftomery. And in conclusion we would congratulate tho citizens si indjanr hi now having it in their power lo natrn.nze a home l ntiMH.ru, cf Commercial education where aetnnvh information, m a-short a üre, and at far lass expense, and anxiety nf mind nu the par. sf sssnssj and snardians, eaa. sad we believe a ill I 'impelled, as hi :iny ouV SSmiar Iiutiutti Hi ia the West. P.. F MORRIS, DAVID WILUAMS, WM. SULLIVAN. C. a DAVIS, BENJ. L. LA0 ISOtxttATOli, M.. tO, 131. N. B Ii shall be the aim of ue Prinzipal to furnish all the gvad sates of tbi Institution who m.y desire it, wan immediate employ ment; he therefore requests l.usiaea men in any part of the Statt Who may be in want of good nccouutnnis to inform him of sains stating ail particulars, ana ho will try and send him one well quail tied in every panic uiar. QT' Arrangement bave bean made with one of the largest six. bet Boarding houae lu the City to board and lodge all t'.o Studenta from abroad at 9ä 0t' per week, making the en'.ire expenses of boarding, Tuition, and Stanouary, about 40.00, ihe price of Tuition alone in the Cincinnati College. ; :;-!;. Westward lUe Star of Reform takes its onward Coarn. NOTICE TO DRUGGISTS AND PHYSICIANS! V r E would respectfully call the attention of customer end Jeal T ere ss drugs and medicine to oar fail aud large assortment of p ire articles. We are receiving and now opening. Cacns and Powvxato; also, the vsrious Conrocsit'.s, prepared from .Mecieines introduced by Beach, Mattaon, Thompson. Howard, and sSSsSSS, Also, Estkct. concentrated articles, fluid, solid, and powdered Also, the various Compounds prepared from our own receipts, of the most efficacious character, having been tested thoroughly for twenty years: and also to the superior quality of our Pur .Vodital Lifvort, all of wfnsb wt are prepared to sell wholesale or retail Our stock consists iu pt ttec African Bud Pepper. Scuiicap. Bvyberry, Ladies' Slipper, or Nervine, Guiger, Jamaica, Unicorn, Ouiger, African, Witch Htscl, Qtnger, Race, Rssprerry, Itv9iia lu Data sices , Uolden ea:. Hell SS , ho., Ac. tic. Also-EXTRACTS. FLUID C)7ripe4butn: (Alonobolie;) " Aqueous; Iobelia InSata; Capsicum, A. . Stiiliufia; Pet el.Comas Apocyitumt Laciuca; American Oil, ssasBb Juglanae, or Rnttenia MyrifBs. Saiigtiuiaritri Pratophylin; L-p-a lull .ii Macrotyu, Ablers Hy-drastk; Aiad every article tliai will admit of ibe form Lu,at(irium rer riiic Cssaboxiyn,Scuiiellaria; Hydrastis; Oernmuin. Macroiyr, ;i. Also, Spices, Orcuivd and Crnde, Naimefa, Cinnamon, Pepper, Miiee, Aismce, (iii'ffer. Cloves, the Also, Seeds of every variety, Canary, Caraway, Flax, Hemp, Fennel. Mustard, Anise. Carrlomsn, Lobelia We design kerning ov-erv variety of Oraaa needs, Field Seeds, Flower and Garden Seeds. Our flock will be rail and comnle e, and weald Invite all to call and examine the quality of our goods and prices. We buy our good lor cash, and can and will sell low. Sout' sale Washington atres-t, near the Painter Houe. Indmnnnoll. dec-1yd&w J. P. !"OPF. A CO. BOUDOIR PIANOS. I HAVE just received four of tliess: beautiful Instrumeni. which ar scknriwlege! by prnfeaaiona! meu to posses SUPERIOR ADVANTAGES OVER AIJ. OTHER PIANOS now iu use. The prominent beauties of this inveutlou cuuaists In the Deep, Bich, and Exquisite Tones of the Instrument; ita Touohiny Delioaeies and the Compactness of its Form; and in connection with its outward ORNAMENTAL AND ATTRACTIVE A PPE ARAN0E, Mut off-r strons italucemeut 10 any one who is on ihe eve ot selecting a CHOICE AND DESIRABLE INSTRUMENT These Piauos are meeting with a more rapia saie ta sss aw than any elbers ever made, ai d sre destined tc Supersede All Other. OsJ! at the Maaic Store and examine them - ALMERT B JON, Massals Bail.

C. ZtHMXaMAl. tD Win MAY. C niMERMAif A Co., MrautarUixersof tae Improved Fire and Water Proof Composition Seeflnf . 17 E desire to d'rect the particular anratioti at the Fabttc if our Compofiion Rooting, in ike Manssfaciare ot which are hare been exteusrvaly engage during several tears past. It has been bat receniiy tbJ this article was Era: nuoduced by ns in thai Siata It waa then ; bad no influence in ns Savor bat as own merit, and did uut rail la receive iu fall oare of the oppaarMaa which is ao generai'y anr! indiacnm nateiy urged against uewim provmtm. or inuiwai.ou apon old estabiiaaed ctastom. The fact

that It has, uitder Utto c.rcurustaiicea, aoiy uj atlri in Ar l-fr? inftM W t.wm ftftftftftftftftfti ftftftft mMM - into airooat univtr fawje. is anlocaeut cvidsaaaa at (am of the pub!.c as to i U ut.luy and value. r.. a a aaa sa. a a nanng nau our nooi teatea unaer every variety ofeir coauoenuy oaer u to Me public aa a mode ot asaaaaaai in every important particular, nxw.a n greater degree than any other Root m use. the valuable i of cheapness, durability, and aeconl ecainst both Are aa Tina system of Roof.ua- is eutjercclj.e tha ne of ml other I giving universal at.sätt;ou. aud is highly rurinasiaanil by all who have teeied us BU'ny. These Boots reqaire an iiicJinat.oi: of oavly 1; uieii tne which uanuoi great !vei.Ue in ci (ire. and tor drymg purposes. Tney are a&irded at a pr.ee i exceed tbe cost of ah male roofina. while tbe amount m savad, which would othcrw-sa be used ia extetaimg up the walis for a steep MaC orten reisers the coat of the be do nig :ca with Uia v umpewiioii im., man wita atuuglaa; and oaaetlaaea tite wtioie coat Kir.:;g a buiKni a ter lata plan u paji for : v me btieic I ssved in Di ymUe aitda, and the truas framing ne .easar) for a act. I buddings The oxpeiis.-. cf lit. or snetai gutters may aleraya be I saved, aa are make the guttera of tha .me sna-erial, aud tne av f tance tbe water assy have I nut does not increa-o lle liaUUtv to j leak It wuM be to lbs inter em of ihoae about to tie ibeae Roofs to bear in m ud. that whatever value aud reputauou th-y have ar ou.red in 1 this vicinity, hiss resulted from ibe work perorrae.; hv us We I hare put ca upwards of four hundred R xs, and there u not, to oar 1 knowledge, an iadiasduai who has had a Roof made by us who would not agsua adopt our RooC Know.ug the i nip ri a cce of punctuality in our business, we piadge 'ourselves that no hiudrauoa m tbe prugreasoi other pans ot tne I building sna'l be caused by delay on our pan. Wa hold curve ves in readiness to execute ordars to any extent fog oar Rc. f: Htd at j tbe atiorteat notice. Iu the courec of onr opcratiooa here, several imtxvnaci imcrovn. menu huve 1 cen rode by us bot!: in tat mode of nauin? ob. and also in t'.ie rrcpa-atn-i and cHirnr-ouiiduu: . of the nr.: er i a . - of the ctMnpoMtion, which rendar it pecoiiarlr adaoted to Uua sairoaue. no airowieue ot tins miter aim very e.ent:al nan at tha Aru enar bttn eommunicatrd bv vi tc an v one. jrrWa are a!vi prepurrd to funnali plans for tbe cetwraetl e Of Build. ng atd Rihh, to receivo our , snan rweaw to n,H-t any wi.o t: av i ' relalive to our Roof, and abow sample of our R iolir? i I ft tj. . . a ftwitf, . II Vftll t,vw lo UOftJ tov. As an evidence of tbe tnuh of onr aUtemsnU, and the hieb acter whn-b ur Roof sustains in Uns State, xre refer u th. signed, who hare ir oe our Improved Fire and Water Proof Cosa ! H iiioh ntor. n: are iet qua..hcc o teatry in :ts IS fori l0UtAous C Mayer. 1). Yandcs, T. M. Sharp, B. Pi 'onasje, :ics, . " wusiui, v. nu'uu. n. i naeriiili. u nuiiatu. J ilirma. ' A"a'-r0n- "- l'ratt, K M PaUaraoo. M. ot L ui-.ie, Lr . i 'lO'iiuuv.i. iwwirti esreeai a- Mri mi j b Spaan. Knox ot Bland. Hasaelssan at Vuiuai. W. Rconu P MaiLei, Braach State Rank. P. O. C ll'tnt. Karnes W Rose I D. DerVeea, L -M. Vance. E A Hall, D V. Caaly. LaFavSTTB A. S. Whale, P. tit O Ball J. Lrflly, U. B Siooktaa, MoMillia a 4 B.-ikckenridsc. J. Spears. J. R ytio.da, Rosscr a, Rr. Martin tc Lane. W. Ii. T. Krambie. f . P Emerson, H T SASSpia,' Attic. Fountain Cotnty J McDonald. D f. Jardan. .v s Brown, . Mautser, O. Ansa, O H Kerr. J. Cmtaptno. FiA.NU.tv, joknton County F M Finch, I Hern on. S. Bam. alt. 0. HicLs, M W. Thomas, Comity COfiwi. aalouSr. VKBsmxrox Cocwtt Cottary Cotaiiuaetoiisra, R N'rxost, A BSjtSBSft ftSctxiVAJi Cocxtt County Commatvisonors. Snti.ay Coc.vTt -SAaftjxtiV-W Hacker, J SsxVirsa 1 Rohbtiia, . tattle. Mr. MeFaiiand. Jaxnea Robert ou. Traaieej of Uia B.ptut and Methialut Oh arrha. sassvrasSSSI a IX MaOcaabeii W W. Woodysrd.Mr.Peak. NosLBsviu a o. M. Saaw. Rouans; Muteriala ouoatuutty oa band, and for eats at use In wast prices, wm direct uns for use, & namaaiceUos or orders trots S distal tee will reeeite prompt s:tai.:ioc Offue at oar Maiiutactssry, oti Marie, airtet, swtk Satte, tWeSSal a ha. i square east of the Court floaaa, IaaUuaivia, saSSsSSSS y AU work dona by ct warranted. Januiry. IjV isiii-dAii Firs and Water-Proof Composition Roofing Material jk Hii uiiiersigned reapctftitly teg leave to cat' i. ait en ion oi I ihs omrouiiiiy to tins invaluable material fur Roots. Ia ike eastern cities It has a! mo entirely supeeoedcj ail other kvads at Roofs, and :n ibi cily, although i.-jt reeettlly itiruduosd. has sa every instance giver, the moat entire eatasfactioii. Arrangement are now pener e. j wr. cn ttie vueiTii.rs are e..:-:ed 1 eaee ail orders Un- the R.oSng Material, ettt.cr in to b ot country, at t fti..tii n.ce. in su mi vue iuit lanirai.ta terms. They are econoraal in coststruciion, as they esleet a em ssdcabla saving of sale and crtxw-w.ill, which foes ru I0srds piytug their cost, snJ are a pnMeetiau ogairtat tie. preaesauig su uicnmbuibis surface ti buruuag tiodtes falling up.i üiern. Ileitis nearly level Ussy may be used conveniently for ail the purposes of comrnoil yards. Tbo daily use ot Roots, to whiefa we can rssV, soffine.-.tlT attests ihelr duratiiiitr for iheae parpuses Oroara resnci fi, re. lUftitsd. LOUDM.N Ot Wir r-V. CFJtTlncdTE. , 'he ur.oersiffrird. havuur used the Composittori Ro .fins Mfr terta! of !.uden 4 KHtlTy, very checrfoi.y recurumetiJ ha sac. aa aWSSSSJ ii to ioeea ail tbo advantage a-crioed to it as a Fire'sssd Wa'er i'ro".' ("omjioiili. n. Utniel i ando. I. II. RoU, Rev. C. F. M.J. at Bt. Horn, A. Harns. DrJ.L i "eo. W i .1 Meers. 5 W. . orris. J . Fernaoa. Oen. J. P Urtke. J D. Dofreea, T. Luptoa, I. SbeilenJarrar, S. Bardwesl. J. Ii. MrKmai, Jodre Morrison, R. ßro-vnin, S. Lnua-enecker, Matthews 6s K.cort!. I. Merrfll, Noble dt Prall, Tha'intnit Kvens, Mr. Devetftport, Hiut. W.I. PeasleS D. Ceurce, D. Cr .ishead, Geo McOuat, N. B Palmer, (fuuie Mr. Loudet;) C. O. Werbv. Cnarlea Maves. Q -n I-ficBl.iski'ord, J. Ha J. I l :.;. M Rech, ;. M Bramweü, D S. Ward, Mm Kan Uvrutti, J. F. Ramssv, Hon. S E. Perkins, Wm. Sheets, Wm Eckert. J llj'.icr. W. rtsulshaek, D.V. Calier, I.N .Ans. C.CempUi.SifA, Dr. TeaJ. .'mas Blake. J B. Fiskw, R Mayhew, Moms Moms, i I attersoi,. was put oa by Warrea, I asms as ased sy Little Dru;t: Dr. J S. Patterson, periiitendori: Lunatic Asr'.ta. t Lasjkaraial, Contractor Gas and Coke Co., s Btmon, .-fiats L.mrt Hr R-att. Anderaou, Mr. Howe. BUniarngi, Mr. Woodwarxl. c'o., i V. B. Noel, Fortsvifta Mr. Oahaglier, Muuoa. Mr. Nerty, do L. FaHcy, NoMsvttls j Mr. Mskepeace, do., Dr. Mnrp'iy. Fisjiklm, T. Tenck, Pauiliel, W. Rann.i, do., .Mr Wiili-ir I. I.e. i - Iiidniaapolis. February 7. IMS. Mr A A. Locctx-ir In reply to yours ef yesterday, I woeM aay that had it not been for the patent paper Roofing vrth which the Capital Hon. La covered, it would have been impossible to have saved the buililuitj (innu? thelate ore .le-ng v, ati 1 n my oplni oa I consider ii Fire Pioof J. CAIN. 1 hereby certify that the Root" sa my hoose. be in pat oa by Loa deu a Du '. very mur i protee"i asm Roof e die law fire. I stall never SBJSse put on a hir.g's roof oa sag OUItSllltg. June I, '51. J. STEVKNS All w.rk wirr -nted any rassoriaKe leasih of tune, or no pay. February 11. 1STL fVi.MdaVw The Greatest Hone Medicine of the Age! THE CELEBRATED GERMAN HORSE PCWDKBS TtsOsTB r"SVi s j, admira ' ' ' commeudi TilOsE who have used ti onee almost Invariably cast unther apr'y. Rial all i-aite hi aevhiz that it sa rahle remedy in tha d scsses (V vi.,h it a re ded. Wedi.no say that THE OERMA HOI FE POWDKM a-äf cart a! aa diseases to wh.rh that nsefvi animal, ihe rrc. isi leet. but we do recommend it a s moat cvrta.i cure aid live iu me fnnowing i;....-Hies. ni Distamptr, Yellow Water, Slobbering, Glanders, Low Spiritt. Lota of Appetite. And all Diseases whatever arising front 1 M P C R I V T OF TRI BLOOD, And loldly challenge the proooction ot better atiL uve CO. OSSSS diseases. We pti'.il sH no esrtiieatrs, for we are willing that te n -.!Ksme sLa'l stand or (UI by iu own des its, and we are con Aden I that a trial of it wilt couviiftBe tbe most skeptical of it food qualities. N B. Purchasers -host Id be careinl and ask for F imrtt't Oar man Ilore Powder, and col lake acy other Buy oij of as or our accredited agents. Price, SU cent, a paper. TROUP 4 FICKARDT. Druggists eu! Mainiiacttn-ers. Ctrdeviii, Q. To whom ill orders must be addressed. TbeOEtfCSB PICKA.RDTS S OEEMAS BÖRSE POWDER sen also be had of THAI. MAN ft EVANS, Iadisnspo'av And of other respectable agents in Indians. BsariW Indianapolis Wholesale Chair Factory. V'B take this metliod of informing the peonis in gsasärsl vw we sre manufacturing all kind of Chair at lower prices than were ever knnw-n in tbi country. Oar meilitte, aasSsrassBBI the best of steam power and most approved machinery, are a tooa as any in the West, sad owing to the great amount which we aassv ufaciure. we are enaMed to sell cheaper than we possibly coal under other circumstance The facilities for transportation als are such that wc can supply dealers ui ali lie safyeocut towns, at prices which will ensure a good proSl. We srt a.o prepared to supply Hans oi every urtlsr wna a I stid su'is nut.al articic ol .e'.iees. at Cuic nnati prices e ' refer l'mc wishiitc lo buy, to William bin eta. Arm! for' Had. and V Bulach. Asint for Wsshintnon Hali. ui this crtv. We would ca 1 particular attention to our Offlce and Hove, Chairs, winch cannot be beat any where in the West, elite ia arte or workmanship. N K Hotels furnished at wholesale prices .Hales Room oa Washiugtoa street, three door east of Masonic Hall. Indianas!, Ind. nr. a" mar II wlm FIEI.O A HAY RIFLES AND SHOT-OtTNS, REVOLVER AND ALL OTHER KINDS OF PISTOLS. SAMUEL BECK would rtstpeetfully inform bis old friends and the raiultc generali v, that he haa acaln taken cuartre of hut Oun hatiness. and will aisui devote bis enure enemieu lo the msa. ufat'ture of Guns His shop is on Washington street, half a square west oif the Court House aqua e. mcu of ihe I tig Oua. wliere be wdl be happy to aceornm -dmc 11 wno may wisli good Rifle. Shot Oun, or any other article in the Oun list. AU work vsrarraated. or nocliirge M has ooiisuuiily oa band the best Rifle Prave, Japs, and Lead Iiis loaa by Are of has Hat Store, make it aeeessary to call on all who know themselves indebted lo him by note or book account, ta call immediately and af Pt as he U comneUe te has money Come, and save cost C-Ordrr fron a distno proiaplly attaudad ha. thhlSW I) ISSOLUTIOW OF PARTNERSHIP. Notice it hereby (iven. Chat ttie partners; ip nereiorore ssisuns neiween .-ama ue! YVa:!iwrirt!i 'ki Me-rc-r. Waiawritrht sivle of WAIN WRIGHT BROTHER, ha aovrd by mntusl consent; and the note-, book, and src.'Unts ara placed ui tht hands of Samuel Wainwrurhi, who alone is author. !sed to aettle ihe aame. SAMUEL WAIN WRIGHT, In I. uiapc.li. Feb. IS, 1WS. O F WA1.NWRIOHT. N B The undersigned will eon'.iou business at the old at aad, where all persons indebted to the late firm of Wsinwright k Brother will alease call and settle. f.jia SAMUEL WAINWRlOfTT. NEW LIVERY STABLE, On the slley back of the Pot twite, between Illinois and Meridian street. I have Hi)RE, BUGGIES, an CAKRIAGCS siid eon vsysnces fjr passensers to any paint. (T Horse will be kept ea reasonable pr7-dAwJm wm. mijasow. m ACKERBL. 40U lWM. half, and quartet salved aad Skr sake try paehswaa Reer Mas laws (lSl), as wbol barrass anu kn. No. L sad , jast t BRSJWNTNO t MATBB,

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