Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 10, Number 12, Indianapolis, Marion County, 22 August 1850 — Page 2
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STATE
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SENTINEL
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WILLIAM J. BEOWN, Editor, INDIAN-APOLKT, AUGUST 1850.
Population of the City.The Indiana Journal of Monday says: "On last Saturday Mr. Hand", U. S. Deputy Marshal, finished theermmeralion of the inhabitants of the City. He informs us that the number of persons in the corporate limits is 8,034, being an increase of 1,530 since 1st August, IS49, or a gain of a little over 23 1-2 per cent, in one year. This is a remarkably large increase, and greater than was anticipated by our citizens, although it was known that large additions had been, made to our population-
During the same time the increase fn tile value of
taxables was 300,485 about 13 per cent, or nearly 200 dollars for each person added to the population. What other place m this country can show as favorable statistics for the past year?" There are 30 lawyers, 25 practising physicians
.t.,1 ki minier in' (Le citv about 800 natives of
other countries, mostly Germans, Irish and Scotch, and 500 negroes.
Sew Mexico and California.
" Kranlned. That tho Territories of New Mexico and
California are ia fact and in law free Territories, and that it is the duty of Congress to prevent tho introduction of slavery within their limits."
The above resolution was adopted at the Slate
Convention that nominated Joseph A. Wright for
r.r.vpmor. It was adopted to set the democratic
partv right before the people. The charge was con
tinually made by the whig press of the Slate, that the
democratic party was in favor of the extension of
slavery to our new territories. Knowing this to be an
unfounded charge, the Convention thought it due to themselves and due to the party they represented, to
set this matter forever at rest.
The Goshen Democrat would seem to indicate, by its last article, that this resolution fully endorses the
doctrines of the Wilmot proviso, now considered almost obsolete by the great body of the whig as well as the democratic parties. But no sensible
man will come to any such a conclusion. A resolu
tion adopting the Wilmot proviso for the democratic
creed of Indiana never could have been adopted by a
demecratic Convention of this State; but a resolu
tion, like the present, opposing the introduction of slavery into our new territories has the unanimous approbation of every democrat in the Slate. The Sentinel has ever opposed any such a measure; but in dicing: so, we have not considered it our duty to endort i the " higher law " doctrines of Seward, or the ravings of Giddlngs and Hale, much less the doctrines of Garrison and" hi satelites. Ho sensible man can take up the Goshen Democrat, for the last six months, and say that it has at all represented1 the sentiments of the men who, in Convention, adopted this resolution. Mr. Ellis, its editor, has been called by West, the editor of the Lafayette Journal, who formerly published a paper in South Bend, near Goshen, "a Garrison Abolitionist and Oberlin Perfectionist." This charge He has never denied, and until he does so, we cannot see the propriety of his lecturing the Sentinel for deserting the democratic creed. We venture one prediction, and that 'u, that should we all live, the day will yet come, and that not remote, when the editors
of the State Sentinel will be found better friends of
the colored man than the editor of the Democrat ever
was or ever will be, for we consider the doctrine of
amalgamation at war with the true interests of both
races.
The State Sentinel, we believe, agrees in opinion with Governor Wright on the slavery question, and
we know he has not changed his opinions on this sub
ject since his election as Governor. The people
elected him by a triumphant vote, and would do so
to morrow, by a much larger majority. The Lieu
tenant Governor, who received a larger majority,
also entertains the same sentiments. Where, then,
h the desertion of the Sentinel? It can only be found in the brain of a ' Garrison abolitionist and Oberlin
Perfectionist."
We again reiterate, with such an organ for the
democratic party, we do not wonder that our friends
have met with a Waterloo defeat in old democratic
Elkhart. In 1849, we understand, the Goshen Demo
crat took the ground that the Wilmot proviso was
unconstitutional.
Steamship for Liberia. In this number of the Sentinel' will be found an
extract from the report of Mr. Stanton f from the committee on Naval Affairs, to-whom was referred
the memorial of Joseph Bryan and others, praying the establishment of a line of steamers from the
United Slates to the-coast of Africa, to promote the
colonization of free persons of color, to suppress the African slave trade, to carry the mails, and to extend the commerce of the United States.
The present plan is to build three steam vessels, to
be employed' in the above service. We have re
cently conversed with Lieut. McDougal of the Navy, at present on a visit to our city, and who has been, for the last two years and a half on the African coast, and who has frequently visited the Repub
lic of Liberia. He unites with most others, who
have given their views on the subject, that the most
effectual means of preventing tho Slave trade, ia to plant colonies on the coast; and consequently is warmly in favor of some plan, similar to the one advocated by Mr. Stanton. With regard to missionary
efforts in Africa, by white men, lie believes nothing
ever will be accomplished. If ever Africa is redeemed from the darkness of heathenism that sur
rounds her, it must be by planting colonies on the
coast, of enlightened colored men from the United
States, where a wide field will be opened before them to extend the blessings of civilization and
Christianity to their benighted countrymen.
The present emigrants to Africa are of the better
class of our colored population many of them.ed
ucated and qualified at once to engage in commer
cial and other pursuits. Lieutenant McD. gave us an
instance of a colored man of his acquaintance, who,
in a few years, had accumulated a handsome for
tune: He represents the soil as very fertile and but
little labor necessary to procure a subsistence.
What a field is here presented to the intelligent
son of Africa! A field where he may be a man,
freeman. A field, where, if he loves the gospel, in
which life and immortality arc brought to light, he
may be an active agent in reclaiming millions that
are perishing for the lack of vision not only igno
rant, but brutalized to the lowest point of degrada tion. Here, in this country, his own condition wil
L daily getting worse. Should men of the South
become convinced of the evils of slavery, and eman
cipate their slaves to any extent, they will be thrown
upon the free Statej, and, in self-defence, prohibitory laws will be enacted. The question has already
been mooted in Indiana, and many advocates of a
prohibitory clause, against people of color, will be
bund in our Convention that is shortly to assemble
petition to their Convention is now circulating
amongst the people of Ohio, which has been pub
ished in the newspapers, not only for prohibiting
the emigration of people of color, but for the remo-
al of thoiC already residing in the Slate. This pe
tition says :
"In the vcar 1S00. there were but 530 negroes in the
States of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois; but in tho vcar 1S43 they were estimated at 30.000 in the State of Ohio alone. 'This shows that our colored population has
een doubling itself once in every eight vears, a ratio of
increase which, if continued for fifty years langer, will give us a colored population of over two millions of negroes and mixed bloods. These facts alone, we think, present matter of much moment for your consideration.
and call for sonic prompt and derided action.
formerly the emigration of white people to this State
was of equal ratio to that of negroes, but such we think is no longer the ease. But on the contrary, the more Western States and our Pacific territories now take away as many of our white people as Eastern emi
gration send in. lint the negroes induced here by our
recently adopted policy, and an cxcetMvc r.egro sympa
thy in our people, are Mowing in nine j more rapidly than ever. If then, in connexion wiMi this state of thinirs.
the emigration from Europe should bo checked either by prohibitory laws or otherwise, a policy which seems to connect itself with the neuro sympathy, we must neces
sarily see a decrease, or at least a very low increase of
tne white population, while the negroes must increase
rapidly. To meet these conscnucncrs. which 'seem now
to be inevitable, what shall be done?
To place the two races upon an entire coualitv is an
act at once repugnant to the order of nature, which no wise legislature will tolerate, or ever suffer to be done. To keep them on terms of inequality in a free State, presents an inconsistency with tne idea of free institu
tions, which cannot well bo defended, and which cannot
long be continued when tho black population becomes as numerous as ours is about to become. Therefore, in the opinion of your petitioners, ono of three things only, is
possible: t.aher the irhite people must remove jrom the
Slate anil give it vp to the negroes; the ttro races must amal
gamate; or the negroes must be removed."
We have no room for comments at present. We
have a firm conviction, that, under the Providence of God, much will be done for the African race during the present generation. We are for something
practical.
tThe Indiana Journal is greatly surprised, that
we did not, in our last paper, announce the name of
the Hon. Jesse D. Bright amongst other candidates Ibr the Senate of the United States. That paper ha3 kept the name of Mr. Bright so prominently before
the public for the last twelve months that it would be
useless to do so. So far as the democratic candi
dates for the United States Senate are concerned,
or those we have heard mentioned in connection with that lEcc, we believe they are all "patrons"
of the State Sentinel they all lake our paper, an::
shall al! have equal justice extended to them, so far
as they conform to the usages of the democratic
party.
JlThe Danville Advertiser, speaking of the late
elections in this State, says: " The result shows tha
the Whigs of Indiana are loosing ground that un
less they can be prevailed upon to throw off the list
Iessnesj that has characterized their action for some
time past, and thoroughly arouse, they will continue
fo looe ground until every county in the State be
comes democratic."
A very good apology for defeat. Your plans were
well arranged, but your principles were objection
able. Democracy was in the field, not men merely
Iowa Elections.
A letter from Keokuck to the St. Louis Intelligen
cer, says : The returns from Kanesville (the Mor
mon precincts) have just been received here, and
stand whig 371, democratic 80. This settles the elec
tion of Henn, democratic member of Confess from this district, by a majority of 200 or 300. Returns
from oilier parts of the State indicate tho election of
the whole democratic State ticket, two Congressmen
and a democratic majority in both branches of the
Legislature." Wright, the whig candidate for Con
gress, is therefore defeated.
fj"All the counties have been heard from except
Blackford and Jay, whieb elect one Representative
and one Representative Delegale. In our next we
hope to be able to give a complete and perfect list
of the Delegates to the Convention, and Members o
the Legislature.
CrHon. O. B. Ficklin has been nominated for
Congress by the Democracy of the Third district of
Illinois. .
CrThe Annual Conference of the M. E. Church
fur Northern Indiana, commences in Cambridge, to
day. ' -
The Southern Platform. Elwood Fisher's paper, the Southern Press, con-
ains the following resolutions, adopted by the Southern members of Congress in caucus: MEETING OF THE SOUTHERN MEMBERS OF
THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. At lenirth we have to congratulate the Soth on the
attainment of greater unity among her representatives
than has yet been known
At a meetinn held a lew evenings since, me luiiowmg
members were appointed a- eoromUtee on resolutions;.
Mr. Toombs, Chairman. Messrs. Seddon, Thompson, Houston", Bowie, Cling-
man, Burt, Cabell, Milliard, aiorse, jonnson, Jiorehead, Green, Howard, Thomas.
We understand that the deliberations of the commit
tee resulted in almost entire unanimity, and accordingly
Mr. Toombs chairmairof the Committee of Fifteen,
reported the following resolutions, which were adopted:
First. Resolved, that no citizen shall be deprived of
his life, liberty, or preperty except by the judgment of
bis peers and the laws of the land; and that the common law, as it existed in the American colonics on the 4th of July, 1776, and the Constitution- and laws of tho
United States, applicable to our i erritorics, shall be tho fundamental law of the said Territories.
Second. Resolved, that in the event that non-slave hold
ing States oniect tnus to put me me, noerty, aim prop.
IlauoVer College. The Commencement exercises of this institution
took place during the past week. A communication in the Madison Banner gives the particulars:
"On Wednesday evening the Union Literarv Society
was addressod by Rev. J. M. Stevenson, of New Albany, in a very able and effective manner. Tho delivery
of diplomas to the graduates was by J. L. Scott, Es., of Cincinnati. The exercises were all of an interesting character.
" On Thursday the commencement exercises took
place. The pieces delivered by the young gentlemen
were or a high order, not excelled on nv similar occa
sion which it has teen my privilege to attend. There was a beauty of diction, maturity of thought, and an ease and grace of delivery displayed by each which clearly showed that the students had been under the
teachings of those who were well fitted to discharge the duties of their important trust, and had with fidelity discharged them.
" V here all were good, to particularize would be invidious. The valedictory of W. W. Sickels, of Switzer. land county, in this State, was a happily conceived production, and was delivered in a manner calculated to fix it deeply upon the tablets of memory. And the closing address by President Thomas was admirable. "In the evening the Philalcthcan Society was addressed by Rev. Dr. Hall, of Dayton, Ohio, on the ' Sacrcdness of Labor.' It was a noble argument in defence of the dignity and necessity of labor. 4 It was God'x will ' hn
remarked, ' that all should work in some department of
labor, cither mental or physical, lhe idle man was a disgrace to himself, his race, and bis God, and was not
fit to live in this fair world, so full of the evidences of
Uod'a handiwork.' 44 The delivery of diplomas to the graduates was by J. II. L. Vannuys, of Franklin, Ind., and was well wor
thy of the accomplished speaker, and reflected honor
upon his Alma Mater. 44 The prospects of Hanover Collegowere nevermore promising than at the present time. Under the guid-
ance of its distinguished president, assisted by the other members of the very able faculty, its course will most
assuredly tie 4 onward and upward,' and, in its future prosperity and usefulness, realize the most sanguine ex.
pectations of its friends. It is doubtless destined to act
a distinguished part in educating and elevating the im
mense multitude who are thronging their way to the great Valley of the Mississippi, which is yet to become the centre of the mightiest empire on which the sun has
ever shone."
Vote on the California. Bill. The fol
lowing is the vote in the United States Senate on the engrossment for a third reading of the bill for the
admission of California into the Union:
Yeas Messrs. Baldwin, Bell, Benton, Bradbury, Bright, Cass, Chase, Cooper, Davis of Massachusetts,
uicxinson, ui2 ol Wisconsin, Uodjro ol Iowa, Jjoug
lass, Ewing. Felch, Green, Hale, Hamlin, Houston,
Miller, INorris, Phelps, Seward, Shields, Smith, Spro ance, Sturgeon, Underwood, Upham, Wales, Walker Wbitcomb, and Winthrop 33.
Nats Messrs. Atchison, Barnwell, Berrien, Butler, Clemens, Davis of Mississippi. Dawson, Downs, Foote,
iiunter, n.mg, jviason, morion, iratt, Kusk, Sebastian Soule, Turncv, and Yulee 19.
Absent Messrs. Badger. Borland, Clarke, Clay,
Uayton, Jones, Mangum, and rearce S.
Ohio State Fair Postponed. The time for holding the State Fair at Cincinnati has been changed
to the 2d, 3d, and 4th days of October next.
ertv" of American citizens under American laws, we will
insist upon a division of the country on the line of 3b
des. and 30 mins., with a distinct recognition and pro
tection of property in slaves. Third. Resolved, that wo will not vote for the admission of California, unless the Southern Boundary be restricted to the parallel of 36 degs. and 30 mius. north
latitude.
Fourth. Resolved. We will not agree to any Boundary
between Texas and New Mexico which projwscs to cede
to New Mexico, any portion or territory South ol the parallel of 36,30 North lat., and West of the Rio Grande,
prior to the adjustment of the territorial questions. Fifth. Resolved, that the representatives of the slaveholding States will resist by all usual legislative and constitutional means tho admission of the State of California and tho adjustment of the Texas Boundary until
a settlement ol tne lenuoriai questions is roaue. Sixth. Be it further resolved, that tho powers and duties of the Committee of Fifteen be continued until further action of the meeting ; and that the chairman of that committee, by tho concurrence of any threo members, mav, at any time, call a meeting of the representatives of tho slave-holding states. This is what the Southern members call their ultimatum, and unless the North submits to their demands, they will dissolve all connexion with the
Northern States. We are gratified to learn that several Southern members did not attend the meeting, and some that did, refused to concur in the
T7 proceedings. Col. Humphrey Marshall, of the Lou
isville District, Kentucky, was the chairman, and we do hope, for" the fair fame of the Colonel, he will
not suffer himself to be mixed up with any of these
transactions, which are designed, by factious move
ments and captious conduct, to defeat all useful
legislation.
The country is in a deplorable condition, when
the members of Congress from a particular section
of the Union, arc to dictate to a majority what legis
lation is to be adopted, and fix the priority of bust
ness; and, if restricted, then they are to resort to
all constitutional and parliamentary means to i'feat
them. By this course, the power of a majority is destroyed, and the whole legislation of the country;
the necessary supplies to carry on the governmen lie at the feet of a factious minority, literally de
stroying that principle heretofore recognized, that a
majority shall govern. By a provision in the Constitution of the United States, one-fifth of the members present may call the ayes and noes. This provision in the Constitu tion, which has heretofore had a most salutary effect, is now about being converted into an engine to defeat all useful legislation. There are two hundred and thirty members; forty-seven, when the House is full, may demand the ayes and noes; but, ordinarily, about thirty only is necessary, owing to the number of absentees. It requires thirty minutes to call the roll, and enter the names. Thus it will be readily seen, that motions may be multiplied, and the roll
called, until the end of the session, and all legisla
tion defeated.
The fifth resolution evidently looks to such action.
The Southern Press, the organ of this faction, warns
the North against the consequences of admitting the
State of California with her present boundaries and Constitution. This is the mild language of Friend
Fisher, and is nothing compared to the threats,
which, every day, appear among the published proceedings of the House. But hear the organ:
California Bill. This bill comes before the Sen
ate to-day, and we are informed that1 ks passage Mill
be urged by the majority, without any amendment for the division of that territory. The Senate has acquired the character of a conservative body. If it sanctions this bill it will take tho lead as a destructive one. We have presented, from time to time, arguments against this measure and the argument has a Uo been mado with overwhelming force by Southern Senators. Perhaps the time for argument has passed. We consider it our duty now to refer to the consequences. If this bill passr-s both honscs. it is made the dnty of the Governor of Georgia, by a resolution of the Legislature of that State at its last session, to convene that liody by proclamation forthwith. That duty will be
promptly ptrjormed. The LcgUlature will meet prompt
ly. II that I ody retains the sentiments ot last session, or above all, if tho members respect the sentiments of the people as pronounced at the recent extraordinary demonstrations of public opinion, at a multitude of public meetings in that State, it may be expected that the most decisive and effective measures will bo taken. When Georgia shall have thus decided, South Carolina will follow in ten days with an unanimity never surpassed, in any community on any measure." These two States will oiler ample aid to Texas. Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, will immediately follow. And when this is done the fate of the Union "will probably bo decided. If wo were in favor of a dissolution of the Union, we would delight in nothing so much as in the passage of the proposed bill. That would clf.;ct it sootier or later. It indicts a wound on Southern feeling that never can be healed. It will of itself create a Disunion party there tha nothing can overthrow. We trust, however, that the California bill, if onchanged, will be contested inch by inch in the Senate, and if passed there, in the House also. Time is with us. The Southern people are becoming more and more united and decided. When time is thus given when the argument is exhausted, and tho consequences arc obvious, the South will have done her duty the North may take tho responsibility. The Southern Press of the 11th inst., contains the passage of the California bill by the Senate, and says the time has been when the country looked to the Senate. The South must now look to the House; or, at least, we suppose, the Southern portion of it, to obstruct the wheels of legislation. We hope that no such course as the one indicated by the resolutions and the Southern organ will be pursued; but that the measures already passed by the Senate will also pass the House, and that Congress will speedily adjourn. " The Washington Union, speaking of the late meeting of Southern Representatives, says: " We have been informed that about forty-two persons were pre
sent, and that twelve of those dissented from the po
sition of the majority. If this be so, the almost entire unanimity of the committee cannot be regarded as an evidence of unanimity among the southern members of the House of Representatives in supporting all the resolutions." .
New Mexico.Tlie Washington Union of Friday last, says : " The protest of the ten Senators against the California bill called forth another and an interesting debate yesterday. It finally resulted in laying the whole subject on the table by a vote of 23 to 19'. 44 As soon as the question fiad been terminated", Mr. Douglass called up the engrossed bill for regulating the territorial government of New Mexico. There
was no further debate on the bill; and on taking
the question by yeas and nays, the bill was passed by a vote of 27 to 10. ......
"This bill has passed the Senate entirely divested
of the Wilmot Proviso. But it is believed by some
that in the House of Representatives a motion will be made to amend it, as well as the Utah bill, by
attaching the Wilmot Proviso to it. We cannot be
lieve that it will be attended with success; for a more
liberal spirit begins to prevail in this respect over
the North and North-west, as we find by the extra
ordinary melioration of the public sentiment in Michigan and Indiana, and other States, and also among many of the members of Congress. But should it
unfortunately pass the House of Representatives, it
will be arrested in the Senate."
The following is the vole on the passage of the bil
to establish the territorial government of New Mex
ico: -
Yeas Messrs. Atchison, Badser, Berrien, Benton
Bradbury, Bright, Cass, Cooper, Dawson, Dodge of
Iowa, Douglass, Downs, k elch, Houston, Hunter, King Manuum, "Mason, Norris. Pratt. Rusk. Sebastian
Shields, Sturgeon, Underwood, Wales, and Whitcomb
27.
ISats Messrs. Chase, Davis of Mass., Dodire of
Wis., Greene, Hamlin, Miller, Phelps, Upham. Walker
aim w mtiirop iu.
Mr. Dickinson, who was present, said he woul
have voted for the bill ; but he had paired off with his colleague, Mr. Seward, and had agreed not to
vote on this bill.
(fcSrOn the 13th inst., after the passage of the Cal
ifornia bill, Mr. Douglass's bill, providing for a terri
torial government for New Mexico was taken up
Mr. Butler of South Carolina opposed so much haste
with these bills, while a bill more important the fu
gitive slave bill had been pending for months. Mr
Whitcomb made the following EXPLANATION.
Mr. Whitcomb. I beg the privilege, Mr. President
to make a personal explanation. From what has fallen
troin the senator from Mississippi and other senators.
feel called upon to state that, at a pretty early period af-
ier me inirouuciion 01 tne lugitive slave Mil, before it
underwent modification, and certainlv before the Com
mittee of Thirteen was raised, I spoke to sundry senators in relation to that subject. It occurred to my mind then that the loss of slaves from their running away was a practical grievance that rankled more in the sensihilities of the South, especially in the border States, and affected their interests more, than any other question during the present session; and, for the purpose of satisfying the people of the South, it appeared to me that there was a disposition in the North to do them justice, according to the provisions of the constitution of the United States, which it was imperative, as I considered it, upon al of us to observe. I mentioned this subject to several senators with whom I had intercourse ; and I recollect distinctly of calling at tho room of the senator from Michigan, and of speaking with the senator from Mis- . : : : . i i - . . . ...
ismoju ujion mo suoject. l also spoüe witn you, sir, Mr. President, and I recollect of your replying that it was a delicate subject to move to take up that bill, when it was considered by courtesy as ratheiMinder the guidance of the honorable senator who introduced it. I M as myself a comparative stranger to the rules of courtesy
in thjs body, and was not much acquainted even with the parliamentary rules; yet I thought I would take an opportunity of speaking with the honorable senator from Virginia myself, and suggest the propriety of introducing it at an early period.. Now, sir, I saw at that time thut the bill would need somo modification. It provided that every postmaster should have the power of listening to evidence, and reading the certificates. I saw at once, considering the vast number of such officers, and the degree of intelligence of many of them, that it would be utterly ridiculous, if not impracticable, to attempt to carry out'thc law in that way. I was anxious, therefore, to take it up, and see it assiimo a shape that would commend itself to the patriotism and judgment of the great mass of the people Mil North and South. I felt ready myself, under my sense of duty to the constitution, to do what I thought was light, and what I thought would be acceptable" to
ine poopie oi ioth sections, l took an occasion to converse with the senator from Virginia upon the bubject as we were coming from the Capitol one morning. That was before the Committee of Thirteen was formed. I mention it because I have already been alluded to in re
gard to this matter, and as evidence of mv disposition.
as one of the members of this body, to endeavor to allay
me sirne ana agitation that nave pervaded this country, and which have caused so much waste of time in this
chamlitr, by putting that question upon a practical basis,
wnien would commend Used to the great mass of the people of this country. The honorable senator from Virginia knows tho result of that conversation, and it is not necessary for me to say anything more than that he ac
ceded to my request to bring it before the Senate.
IVow, sir, I am prepared to do my duty under the constitution ; but I certainly do not feel at liberty to vote for the hill in the shape in which it was first presented. I do not pledge myself even to vote for it in its present shape j but I do pledge myself to vote for it in such a shape as I hope will commend it to the confidence and patriotism of the great mass of the people of these United States, both North and South.
Steamships for Liberia. By the politeness of Mr. Stanton of Tenn. we have
received Iiis report from the' committee on Naval
Affairs, on the subject of estabEshmg a line of steam-
hips to the Coasl of Africa, designed to promote
the colonization of free persons of color, to suppress
the African Slave Trade, to carry the Mails, and to extend" the commerce of the United States."'
The Lafayette Journal says, " We tike pleasure
in placing the material points of this Report before our readers, and ask for them an earnest considera
tion. The subject is a humane one; and .one that
should command the warmest sympathies of our race. While the influence of the Republic of Libe
ria has been shown in the complete suppression of
the trade along a coast of several hundred miles in
length combined squadrons of Europe and America have not been so successful on other portions of that
unhappy shore. In 1S47, no less than 84,356 slaves were exported from Africa to Cuba and Brazil. In
the opinion of the Committee it is liighly important to prevent the further Africanizing of the American continent. An opposite movement, so far as the
free blacks are concerned, is far more in accordance
with the spirit of the age, and with the best interests
of all American Governments.
" We omit that part of the Report confirming the
Constitutionality of the project. It was the opinion
of Mr. Jefferson that the United States had power to
establish colonies for the free blacks on the coast of
Africa, and he desired its exercise. Chief Justice Marshall and Mr. Madison concurred in this opinion.
And it is to be observed that the first purchase in the
Colony of Liberia was made by the Government of
the United States. The opinions of the leading ju
rists of our day do not appear to differ from those of
the great founders of the Constitution, who believed
not only that indirect aid to the cause of colonization may be given in accordance with that instrument,
but that the Government has power to establish the
colonies themselves." The report proceeds to say :
interest, it will stand immortalized on the page of bis' tory A letter from th Hon. R, J. Walker, Secretary of the Treasury, Onder Mr. Polk's administration, and another of tlie Vice Presidents of the American
i Colonization Society, says :
I have bad no time to examine the details of the plan, but as regards the main question, I most fully concur in the policy of a removal of our frcs blacks to Littcria, through the instrumentality of steamships, and with the aid of the Government of the United Slates. The plan presented seems to roe free from all constitutional objections. It seems, alo, to be perfectly practicable, and its successful execution would confer incalculable blessings upon our country. Indeed, I have ever re
garded colonization and abolition as antagonist measures,
(rThe Panama Echo states that tickets for the Oregon, from San Francisco, sold on the 6th ult., for $600 for cabin, and 100 for steerage. CrDuring the month of July 131,989 letters were sent to Europe from New Yoik, and 110,379 received during the same time.. ' ... '
The Omnibus.
The New York " Sunday Atlas" has a very amus
ing carricalure of the Omnibus, which is driven by Mr. Clay, and contains as passengers his twelve associates on the committee of thirteen. The writer is a free-soiler and friend of Seward, and does not, in his graphic description of the driver or his passengers, assign to them a very enviable destination, or honest motive, for the drive, and thinks their next
journey will be to the land of oblivion, or lhe new
settlements of Salt river. He assigns to Mr. Bright a very conspicuous place, and is tlie only Senator he treats with any kind of justice or fairness. After an ill-natured allusion to Mr. Dickinson, of New York, he says : " Next to the New York Calo, sits an Indiana Roman, who is always willing to do his duty and aid all benevolent designs, in behalf of the people, provided he is satisfied of their utility. He is a plain, modest man, endowed with great good sense, unsullied integrity, and a nice sense of honor. He 6ays but little, but that little is always apposite."
fjirThe Southern Press of the 15th inst. contains the protest of Messrs. Mason and Hunter, of Va., Butler and Barnwell, of S. C, Turney, of Tenn., Soule, of Lou., Davis, of Miss., Atchison, of Mo., and Morton and Yulee, of Florida, against the passage of the California bill. It concludes as follows: Lastly, we dissent from this hill, and solemnly protest against its passage, because in sanctioning measures so contrary to former precedent, to obvious policy, to the spirit and interest ol the Constitution of the United States, for the purpose of excluding the ilavcholding States from the territory thus to be erected into a State, this Government in cficct declares that the exclusion of slavery from tho territory of the United States, is an oljeet so high and important as to justify a disregard not only of all tho principles of sound policy, but also of tho Constitution itself. Against this conclusion we must now and forever protest, as it is destructive of the safety and liberties of those whoso rights have been committed to our care, fatal to tho peaco and equality of tho States, which we represent, ami must lead, if persisted in, to the dissolution of that confederacy in which the slavcholding States have never sought more than equality and in which they will not be content to remain with Icks.
" Instead of four ships, it is proposed to make the line consist of three, which shall make monthly trips to Li-
lieria, touching on their return at certain points in Spain, Portugal, France and England, thus: ono ship will leave New York every three months, touching at Savann.ih for
freight and mails; one will leave Baltimore every three
months, touching at ISortolk and Charleston, lor passen
gers, freight and mails ; and one will leave New Orleans every three months, with liberty to touch at any of the West India Islands. They M ill proceed directly to Li
beria, with liberty to touch at any of the islands or ports
of the coast of Africa ; thence to "Gibraltar, carrvinu the
Mediterranean mails; thence to Cadiz, or some other
port of Spain, to be designated by the Government
thence to Lisbon; thence to Brest, or some other port
ol i ranee, to le Uesisnateu as alove: and thence to
London bringing mails from all those points to the
United States.
ach ship to le of not less than 4000 tons burden, ami
tne cost ol each not to exceed $yw,W0. The Govern
ment to advance two thirds of the cost of construction
from time to time, as the buildinir nrocresses the ad
vance to be made in five per cent, stocks payable at tho
end ol JU years such advance to be repaid bv the con
tractors in equal annual installments, besinnin;; and end
ing with the service. Tho said ships to be built in ac
cordancc with plans to he submitted to and approved by
the Secretary ol' the Navy, and under the superintendence of an ollicer to be appointed by the Secretary of the Navy, and to be so constructed as to be convertible, at the least possible expense, into war steamers of the first cIjss. The ships to le kept np by alterations, repairs, or additions, to be approved by the Secretary of the
avv. so as to bo at alt times tully equal to the cxigen
cies of the service, and the faithful performance of the
contract. Each ship to be commanded by an officer of the Navy . 4 ....
who with our passed midshipmen to serve as watch officers, shall be accommodated in a manner suitable to
their rank, without charge to the Government. The
Secretary of the Navy at all times to have the right to
place on board of each ship two guns of heavy calibre, and the men necessary to serve them, to-be accommodated and provided for by the contractors. The Secretary of the Navy to exercise at all times such control ov- said ships as may not be inconsistent with these terms, and to have the rfght to take them, or cither of them, in case of war, for the exclusive use and service of the United States, on paying the value thereof; such value not exceeding tho cost, to be ascertained by appraisers mutually chosen by the Secretary and the Contractors. The Secretary also to have power to direct, at the expense of the Government, such changes in the machinery and internal arrangements of the said ships, or any of them, as he, at any time, may deem advisable. , The contractors are further required to stipulate to carry, on each and every voyage they may make, so many emigrants, being free persons of color, and not exceeding 2,500 for each voyage, as tho American Colonization Society may send ; the said Society paying in advance $10 for each emigrant over twelve years of acre, and $5 for each one under that age ; these sums to Include the transportation of baggage, and the daily supply of sailors' rations. The contractors also to convey, free from cost, such necessary agents as the G vernment or the Colonization Society may require, upon each one of 6aid ships. Two of said shiss to be finithed and ready for sea within two and a half years, and the other within three years, after the execution of the contiact. The Government to pay $40,000 for each and every trip; and to exact ample security for the faithful performance of the contract, lesidcs taking a lien on the ships for the repayment of tho sums advanced. The contract to continue 15 years from the completion of all the ships. The expense of running the ships, viz: fuel, wages of the
crew, provisions, stores, dock charges, he.r bor dues, pilotage, agents, light-house dues, &c., which cannot lie estimated at less than $50,000 per voyage, considering that the distance to Liberia, and thence home, via Madeira, Gibraltar, Cadiz, Lisbon, Brest, and London, is about 12,000 mi cs, and that each voyage, with the necessary delays in the various ports, will occupy about three months.
Thus it will be seen that the contractors will have of
their probable expenses, more than two tLirds of a million, or $57,000 each voyage, to be made by commerce and passengers, independent of the Government pay and tho profit from the Colonization Society. It will be observed that, as the Colonization Society now pay for the transportation of emigrants to Liberia in sailing vessels, not less than 30 per head, the proposed arrangement will make the actual cost eventually less than this, even adding the amount to bo paid by the United States for this service to the amount to he paid by the said Society, without estimating the receipt from mails, which will probably be very large. At the commencement of operations, when it is estimated that tho first two ships will carry out 1,000 or 1,500 emigrants for each voyage, the cost will le little more than it is at present, while the passage will be quicker, pleasantcr and healthier, offering great inducements to emigrants, and placing them upon the shores of Liberia in a sound and efficient conditionAs the capacity of tho Colony to receive a large number of emigrants increases, the ratio of expense will bo diminished. Appended are letters from several distinguished gentlemen approving of the object of the report. The Hon. Elisiia Wiiittlesy, one of the Vice Presidents of the , American Colonization Society, says: ,
and that the success of the fust would overthrow the
latter, and thus rescue our beloved country from the danger of disunion.
Governor Weight, of our own State, unite
leartily in the cause. He says:
Some movement of the kind is much needed ; for thff
youth of the free States are growing up ignorant of the?
merits oi colonization, anu very tcpiicai as to us nnai
success. 1 Lis has been produced by the labors or mew
n the North who have never investigated the subject
and who have poured contempt on all your attempts to1 colonize they have been too successful in indoctrinating"
the vouth ol the North. A want ol laitn in the enter'
prise, or confidence ia its final success, will soon para
yze all your eflorts in the North ; lor in a lew years the -
unbelief of our young men will lieeeme confirmed, and when they grasp the reins of government, which they will do in tue course of time, African colonization will
be discarded by the Iorth.
1 he best remedy that can be devised lor the above
ignorance and scepticitm, among Northern men, will be a
bold and decided movement on the part of the General Government, which will look directly toward the seper. ation of the colored race from the vhite race, and the erection of the colored people into an independent com
monwcalth.
This movement will confound the opponents of colo
nization in the North ; it will send a thrill of confidence
through the hearts of all our friends; it will compel the people to think and talk on the subject of a national
colonization enterprise, and it will-compel each news
paper in the land to speak out on the subject. Discus
sion is all we want, tor then we can make thousands ol friends; in short, we can indoctrinate the nation with our opinions, " and opinion rules the world."
As to Mr. B s plan, we are willing that he and bis friends
shall have the monopoly of the African trade for a time ;
but that monopoly should lc so guarded as to make it a source of wealth to Liberia, and not a drain on the wealth "of that Republic, or be calculated to retard her
progress. The tist India Company bas been a stupendous leech on British India, from which it bas drawn untold millions, and under whose management India
must become impoverished, and made dependent on
Enffland.
The interest of colonization requires that we foster Liberia, and not impoverish l;cr. If Mr. B. is to be re. muncrated for his trouble, and doubtless he should be paid, and well paid, let the American people pay him, and not Africa. So plan the scheme that it will be the interest of the free man of color to go to Africa, and this can be best accomplished by making Liberia a wealthy commercial nation. It would he well to blend the Colonization Society and Mr. B's company into one association, if possible, and procure liberal provisions from the General Government, granting large powers for forming settlements and trading stations on the coast of Africa; but having no power to bold real estate in Africa, except a few acres at proper points on the coast for factories, around which colonics might he established, which, growing into states, would in due time take their place among the states of the Liberian confederacy. I know of no enterprise of this nge that we, as Americans, should be so willing to take hold of as one man, with nerve and energy, as lhat of the settlement of Liberia. As one citizen of this nation, I would be willing to make all my contributions, and devote the last dollar of my means, to the colonization of the black man of this country to Liberia.
How to Puzzle the Rocces. In the genuine notes of tho State Bank of Ohio, there are as many human figures represented as the bill is worth dollars. If the counter lei tera wish to alter the small bills to large ones, as a$l to $100, they would have to put in ninety-nine human figures a thing not quite so eusily done.
ICTA spoonfull of Horseradish put into a pan of milk will preserve the milk sweet for several days, either in the cjcn air or in a cellar, while other milk will turn.
My attention was first drawn to the subject of African colonization at the annual meeting of the Society, in 1323. when listening to tho remarks or the Hon. Robert Goodloe Harper, and others. From that time to the present, my belief has been, and now is, that an " allwiso Providence" will accomplish, through the institution of slavory in this country, the civilization and Christianization of Africa, by the agency of this Society and its kindred associations. The Republic of Liberia invites those who wish to give freedom to the human beings they held in bondage to do so, without any excitement, commotion, or opposition. An acceptance of the invitation violates no right, alarms no fear, wounds no feeling, awakens no jealousy. One party is relieved from a heavy responsibility, and the other enjoys, in the land of their fathers, civil and religious freedom. Every intelligent emigrant from this country is a missionary to, and an instructor of, bis brethern. Africa will be Christianized when parts of Asia will be in heathen darkness. The plan ranks with the most important of those of the interesting age in which we live; and, if patronized by Congress, will richly bless two continents. There has been no colony fo prosperous, or that has achieved so much within the same space of time, as the colony of Lihcria; and it is a remarkable fact, that during a per. iod of thirty years, since the first expedition was fitted out to Africa, not a life has been lost bv shipwreck.
If this Congress shall co-operate in this great national !
For the Indiana State Sentinel. Jesse D. Bright. The next Legislature, which is decidedly democratic, will be required to elect a Senator of the U S. to fill the vacancy to be occasioned bv the expirotion of the official term of the Hon. Jetse Ü. Bright. The whig politicians, and the whig presses, including the Indiana Journal, are very busy in presenting candidates for Senator, with the very obvious intention of inducing a strife amongst the prominent democrats of the State, so as to create jealousies and heart burnings in the party, with the remote hope, on the part of tho whigs, that theso distractions on the part of the democrats may ultimately benefit the whigs. Although, if they were to take a sensible view of the case, they would tind but little ground for such a hope; still they, feeling lhat they have nothing to lose but their labor, are willing to bestow their exertions because they naturally love mischief, and because they would le delighted to see a
factious or sectional tight in a party, wim-n nas, iu me election just past, so most overwhelmingly triumphed over their ardent etforts to carry the State. Every compliment is lavished upon several leading and worthy democrats bv these now fawning whigs, and each one, in turn, is inüirectly told that he has great merit, great talents, and great cTaims upon his party. The names of Chamberlain, Wright, Owen, Pettit, Robinson, Lane, and several others are proclaimed by these whig leaders with great appearance of sincerity, but with real hypocritical intention. Not one of thera has thought proper to speak of our present worthy Senator, Jesse D. Bright, in anything like complimentary terms; but on the other hand, with bitterness, rancor and hostility. Why are they so rancorous and hostile to Mr. Bright? This question is easily answered. Mr. Bright is an uncompromising, consistent, and uu purchasable democrat, who has firmly, constantly and ably assisted in establishing democratic principles, and who has on more than one occasion most signally defeated the designs and intrigues of the whig manager in Indiana. It was the indomitable firmness of Jesse D. Bright that thwarted the attempt of the whigs to place a whig Senator in Congress at the expiration of the term of Altert S. White, under the operation of the whig districting law, which was intended to throw a majority of whigs into the Legislature, in each year when a U. S. Senator was to be elected. His casting vote as Presi-" dent of the Senate saved the people ot the S.ate from being misrepresented in Congress, for six years, under that iniquitous-permutation -versatile-gerrymandering district iuw. It was his personal exertions in his canvass for tha office of Lieutenant Governor that aided much in revolutionizing the State from the thraldom of whiggery, after the revulsion of that memorable hard cider and coonskin campaign of 1340. As Senator of Jefferson county, as Marshal of tho State, as Lieut. Governor, and as an enterprising private citizen. Jesse D. Bright has always stood forth as the champion of democracy in Indiana, and has ever sustained and advanced the true interests and principles of the party. As a Senator in Congress no man ever more zealously maintained the hiirh character of bis State or more consistently sustained the established principles of bis party. In the trying times of the Mexican war, he gallantly stood by the Eoglcs of his country and gloriously maintained her cause. He has firmly and prudently demeaned himself on the great questions of the compromises of the Constitution, and proven himself a statesman and a patriot in bis eQürt to preserve the peace and tho duration of the Union. He has teen diligent, industrious, careful and attentive to every interest committed to his charge as Senator, and no man can say, in truth, be he whig ot democrat, that ever Jesse D. Bright failed, refused or neglected to attend to every claim and every interest committed to his charge. He has always voted as would have voted thedetno crats of Indiana on every important matter that has come before the Senate. Tho people of the Stat have unteunded confidence in his honesty, his integrity, and in his competency. He has faithfully answered every expection of the State, and is daily growing in strength and usefulness, having the most extensive influence with his fellow members of the Senate. Then why should he tie changed or discarded? Who asks his dismissal from the public service but the whigs? Let his name be cherished by every democrat in tho State, and let the will of the democrats decide who shall be onr next Senator. Let no democrat listen to the delusive strains of whig praise, for that alone will attaint the purity of any democrat upon whom it may le lav ished, especially if be is so frail as to lend a listening ear. Let the will of the democracy be maJe known hy their Senators and Representatives when they assemble at Indianapolis in December, and if Jesse "D. Bright be. found wanting, may we be so fortunate as to find a mora worthy democrat to fill his place. Give every man fair play and no one will have a right to complain. . MARION.
DWe know a lady in this town, says the Cincinnati Commercial, who has lost three hHt-bands by death within ten months, and is now engaged to a fourlk.
tZTGermany is about to modify her tarifT laws a lowduty on grain and provion, and an increase on cotton and tobacco.