Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 10, Number 6, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 July 1850 — Page 2

SoDtana State Sentinel. ETEBMAL SICILASCF. I THE fllCE OF LIBEBTT. IVIIMAII J. llROWN, K.lilor.

IMHAAl'OLIS, J U LY 11. ISO. . Our Terms. The following will hereafter be the permanent terms of tbe Week-'y Indiana State Sentinel: ("Payments to be made always in advance. One copy, one year, 2.00 Three copies, une year, 5-00 x ive copies, one year, 8.00 One copy during- the session,..- s Ten copies, in club, on year, 15.1. 0 Swni-Wt'i'klf. (Published three times a werk during the session.) One copy, 1 00 J Three copies,.... -SlO.tM) One Copy during the session, 1.10 All papers will be stopped at the end f the term paid for, unless the inscription is renewed, except to those with whom we have other unsettled business accounts. Any person sending" us & club of len. with cash, at the rate of $1.50 each, shall have a copy grali fur one year. For a greater number than ten, the gratuity shall be increased in proportion. Al) postmasters are requested tu art as agents, and as such, by a recent decision of the department, they re authorized to frank letters for the benefit of aubflcriber. TERM FOR ADVERTISING! PATENT MEDICINE. To prevent confusion and to nn time, we tat oar term for advertising P.iteut Medicine, vis : Fiftv cents per square In the semi-weekly edition for the first In senton. and iwrenty-nv cents per square fur each subsequent insertion. When tor MOt lea thaa Ihiea months. Over tbree months, 50 cents per tq'iare for Um firtl.and 20 cent per square lor each ulweejoeni insertion. Each advertisement will have at lead one insertion the. Weekly wtthovl additional cost. Fur inset uoos in Um Weekly continuously, double Iba above prices. Cuu, wbea agreed to be Inserted, will be charged double for the spnee they occupy. .Eight lines of Nonpareil, or 250 cue, count a square. The August Election. As faithful sentinels, it becomes our duty to cry aloud, whenever there is danger, either from the open or insidious approaches of the enemy. In two or three counties, heretofore and still strongly Dem ocratic, from causes entirely disconnected with the great principles of Democracy, there appears to be a disagreement amongst our friends as to candidate. which is likely to result to the advantage of the Whigs in the coming election, so far at least as the Legislature is concerned. From the very outset, we lave believed, that the whole energies of the whig party would be bent on obtaining a whig majority in the next Legislature; and unless we are greatly mir taken, certain influences have already been set on foot at Washington, to aid in this design. The present situation of the Democratic counties. above alluded to, has given additional hopes of ac complishing the object, so much at heart amongst the whigs, which, if accomplished, would result in the election of a Whig United States' Senator next winter. With this inroad to begin with, they might, with other influences to aid them, give the Democratic party much trouble to regain what would be lost. Next winter is the year for our State apportionment; and although this may not be permanent under our amended Constitution, yet it might secure the succeeding Legislature to the whigs, who would have to form new Congressional Districts, under the United Slates' census about to be taken. An argument is prevalent, that as we are about forming a new Constitution, little will be done at the next session cf the Legislature; and, consequently, it is unimportant, whom we may elect. We trust our friends will not Le deceived with arguments like these; but that every Democrat will have his eye more firmly fixed on the Legislature, at the coming election, than on anything else. It would be a burning reproach to the Democratic party of the State, to lonee the next Legislature, in consequence of local divisions in a few Democratic counties. It would be a shame that would perhaps never be wiped out, were the Democratic county of Elkhart to suffer Jo?efii H. Dejkees to be elected State Senator, on account of a dissatisfaction with tbe persons nominated for ume of their county officers; yet such is the hope of bis brother, the editor of the Indiana Journal, and this hope has no doubt been communicated to men at Washington. Defrees was last year elected a rep resentative from Elkhart, under a promise, as we un ders'and, to make Goshen a point in the Southern .Michigan Kailroad a matter over which the Indi ana Legislature had no control, and which the Leg ielature of Michigan has since prevented; and he may now have sou other equally deceptive promise out, that may gain him his election to the Senate. A more uncompromising whig never had a seat in our Legislative hails than Mr. Defrees, and we now aay, that Elkhart county will rue the day that she sends him to the State Senate. nrt - .1 j i i . i .. ... ioe loove is toe car siae or me picture. We have encouragements from counties heretofore whig, that might displace any supposed loss in the counties before alluded to, and with our majorities for the past two years, we might be able to lose more members than there appears to be any danger of losing, and still leave us a decided Democratic majority on joint ballot. But it is best not to be deceived. We see the work of the enemy visible in on or two counties. In others the cloven foot may be better concealed. Our cry should be in every county to arms! to arms! ! ! the enemy is in the field, disguised though he may be, still he is in the field hoping fur victory. The whig aspirants for the United States' Senate are in the field. The Galphin cabinet are in the field, who wish supporters in the United States Senate. Disgraced though they may be, they still have power. Tbe sinews of war are in their hand. Last sum mer, through their agent, Truman Smith, they made an open bid for Indiana Congressmen, in promises of office. They are now more prudent. No herald has this year announced their bribe to the people. They have thus far been silent ss the grave. But recent movements seem to indicate that they are at work. We hope yet to be able to expose them before the election. But liiere is now not a moment to lose. A little over three weefcs and our election will take place, and after our next number our voice will scarcely be heard to the ends of the State. Arise, fellow Democrats, gird on the sword, take the field and repulse the enemy. Let not the work be left to others. Every Democrat has a sphere in which he can operate. Let each have a mind to the work, and all will be well. We do not entirely dispairof the counties -where the tares of discontent have been sown. Divisions, we hope will be healed, and all will yet be well. We have no doubt but the Democrat will have a har.dome majority in the Convention, and outhb? but a little effort is lacking to secure a large majority in the Legislature. V should, however, have been unfaithful to our trust. had we not warned our friends of the desigus of tbe enemy. We are tili watching, and may be able to make some discoveries before many days that will show more conclusively that the Gatphin are in the field against us. Let our rallying cry be, down with the Galphiu ! and every honest man and good eiti ten will bid us God speed in the work. (jVe return our thanks to Hons. Lewis Cass, S. A. Douglass, J. D. Bright and Jas. Whitcomb, U. S. Senate, and Hons. A. J. Harlan and Wm. Thompson, H. of R. for valuable Public Documents The Commencement Exercises of Ihe graduating class of Mrs. Lairjbee's Female Seminary at Green castle will be held on Tuesday, the 16tb of July, at 3

o'cJocL-, P. M.

Fugitive Slave. The Editor of the Goshen Democrat fuMy adopts the abolition doctrine of William II. Seward; that there is a higher law than tho const iiuti-m. which we are all bound to observe, nnl advise the Editor to 'read his B tie more and the Compromises of the Constitution less." Now, the Bible i a good bo k, one which we should all read, erdeavnr to understand, and follow i prerepts, and when we desire to write on the subject 0f Theology we shall make it the man of our co iiixel. Hut wlivn we di-cos the rights of American citizen, our po! tical rig'its and privileges, we shall not go the laws of .Voses, hut to tie Constitution vliirh m the ark of our political safety. Nor du we t eilen? thnt there i any thing in the Constitution vhich ig inciiilcii t will the dic r,nes of the Bible, or ihe divine injunctions of the christian rel gion. If we did, we should never a&rain lay our hands upon the "Holy evnugVlist of Almighty God" and swear to support an instrument which wo believed in any particular violated the express word of Gd, and we would advise all who entertain such sentiments, henceforth and forevermore, to refuse public offices, and never swear to support tbe Constitution unle.Hn they mean to do it. W. H. Seward is the only man, in either branch of Congress who ever uttered such a sentiment. The Buffalo Convention did nt dare to mike it a part of their creed. The idea however is not original with Seward. It was uttered many years ago by William Llord Garrison when he said, "The Constitution of the United Slate- was a league with Hell," and from that day Le and his followers have refused to vote, and deny all allegiance to the Government, or binding obligations of the laws. Such opinions may do for a renegado Englishman like Garrison ; but for a native born American citizen, it is monstrous. The most alarming feature in the article, to which we alluded, is the astounding news, that there are eighty thousand Democrats in Indiana who hold such sentiments. In this we hope the editor is mistaken. We presume that "the wish is father to the thought," and there are not eighty thousand Democrats in Indiana who do not believe in the binding obligations of the Constitution. It is a historical fact, which the debates in the convention will prove, that much difficulty arose on this very subject, and after much debate and many propositions, the following provision was adopted as a compromise measure: "No person held to service or labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in conequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from tervice or labor, but hall be delivered up on the claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due." Section '2d, Alh Article Constitution U. S. The Supreme Court, the highest judicial tribunal of the country, in the case of Prigg vs. the commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 16ih Peters's reports says: "The clause in the Constitution relating to fugitives from labor manifestly contemplates the existence of a

positive unqualified right, on the part of the owner of the slave, which no State law or regulation can in any way qualify, regulate, control or restrain. The owner of a fugitive slave has the same right to take him in a State to which he has escaped or fled, that he has in the Slate from whi'h he escaped, and it is well known, that this right to seizure or recapture is universally acknowledged in all the elaveholding States." Judge McLean, who is known to entertain strong anti-slavery feeling, in the case of Ray vs. Donnell, tried at the May term of the United States Circuit court for the District of Indiana, hoIJi the following language: The power to establish slavery, in my judgment, does not belong to the Federal Government, it is not found in the enumerated Federal powers, nor can it be implied from the necessary exercise of any one of thern ; but as a right belonging lo the States respectively, it is recognized. The clause in the Constitution, which has been read, and the act of Congress in regard to fugitives from labor were intended to cover the service of slaves as well as apprentices. From the history of the limes, we know the recognition of this power in the States, and in this form, was essential to the adoption of the Constitution, and on this principle of compromise, the compact of the Union was formed. The Constitution has made us one people a nation a great nation a nation that stands proudly among the nations of the earth, and if we maintain its principles in the same spirit which led to its formation, our country will be advanced to a height of prosperity, as far beyond that which we now enjoy, as our present position is above that which our fathers occupied when the constitution was formed. If (he Guarantees of this fundamental law be disregarded, oil our hopes for the future, as regards the prosperity, the greatness and glory of our country, must perish." Thus spoke Judge McLean in his official character as a Judge, from the bench, in his charge to a jury. He did not, like a Seward would have done, or tbe Editor of the Goshen Democrat would have advised, tell them that they should disregard the law and the Constitution, and look into the Bible for a higher law. Such fanaticism would uproot the very foundation of society, and destroy all security of person and property. The man having two coats must surrender oi.e to him that has none. We hold that the South has no just cause of complaint, if slavery should be excluded from every inch of territory whero it doe not now exist. But when the people of the free States shall, by the decisions of their Courts, d'sregard the acts of Congress and the binding provisions of the Constitution ; when they shall pass laws to obstruct the return of fugitive slaves, then will the South have just cause of complaint, and tbe safety of this glorious Union be endangered. Let it once be understood that Indiana is the "city of refuge" for fugitive slaves, and our land will be filled with this idle and vicious population a population of which we now have a great redundancy and a population which our legislature should rather discourage than otherwise. A different race which can never be placed upan an equality with tbe white man ; an equality which the Editor of the Goshen Democrat, with all his high wrought notions of freedom," will not acknowledge. If he does we then give him up to abolitionism, as a lost and fallen Democrat. We do not know tiie Editor, but we certainly entertain the kindest feelings towards him we know and appreciate the services of his worthy brother. Dr. E. W. II. Ellis, who for the last twelve years has "fought the good fight" in the cause of Democracy and has now received his just reward for many years we were a constant reader of the Goshen Democrat. Its editorials were clothed In thoughts that breathed and words that burned." The editor drank at the pure fountain of Democracy, and its columns were not stained with the filthy sliiue of Abolitionism. Let the editor follow in the footsteps of his illustrious predecessor, and he will bo a shining light in the caue of truth. He advises us to associate less with Southern nabobs and read our Bible more, and the tone of our paper may be less austere. We take his advice in all kindness, and in return would advise him to associate less Mill northern abolitionists, and read the laws of his State, the laws of Congress, and above all the Constitution of his country, and he will not fall into such egregious blunders blunders which should disgrace a school-boy and the, tone of his paper will be more Democratic, and do more service in the cause be professes to advocate. The trial of John Pogue for the murder of Sparlip was had before the Circuit Court on Friday last. After hearing the evidence the jury acquitted him without leaving the jury box.

General Joseph Linie. It gives us great pleasure to be able to say that the j

services and fame of General Lane are fu!y apprc- port of thi great State, of an entire re-union among ciated and entirely secure in his far distant home in the democratic masses. The hottest peopta who folOregon. , Already the oe-plu understand and are lowed, the ambitious and unprincipled leaders, after

ready to vindicate his character. The people of Orw It gon, it will be perceived, by the proceedings of the meeting copied below, aro indignant at his removal from the c.flice of Governor -a ud no wonder. General Lane, we venture to slate, possesses more of the elements of usefulness in his character, as the Gov ernor of Oregon, than any man thnt could have been sent to that territory ; and his removal shows, that General Taylor, in addition to an entire unfitness for the station he now occupies, is contemptibly mean and revengeful in his disposition. His puny efforts, however, cannot proMrate such a man as General Lane. He is fully appreciated by a discerning people, and should he remain in Oregon he will ever rind friend as he has already found them, ready to elevate him to any station wilhui their gift. Indiana , will ever be proud ttf l.cr own Joe Lane, whether in the Legislative liaUs, the field of battle, or as the head of a far off country on the Pacific. We copy the following articles from the Oregon Spectator of the 15th April : "At a meeting of the citizens of Yam county, held in La Fayette, the following resolutions complimentary to Governor Lane were adopted : "Res'ilced, That we h-reby unanimously tender to him our sincere thaoks for the able and ellicient man iter in which he has discharged the official duties in cumbent up u him as Governor of this Territory. ,Resnhed, That in the opinion of this meeting, it hod been better, for the prosperity of Oregon, so far as that prosperity can be a nee ted by the character and influence ot its chief executiro otlicer, that this re mov.il had not been made. "Rrmhed, That in his official capacity as Indian Agent, he has acquired the confidence and respect of the various Indian tribes living among us, and on our borders, which ensures peace and security to our lives and property, and by his removal, both may again be led in uncertainty "Oregon Winter. The past winter has been gen erally a pleasant one. liiere have been a less uutn ber of days than usual which might be called rainy or stormy days, while at the same time there hive also been a less number nf entirely clear days. With the exception of a very few days, the month of February has been peculiarly mild and pleasant. We noticed that our citizens were generally preparing their gar dens for the earlier seeds, and transplanting shrubbery and fruit trees. Wc do not think that in thH vicinity ico was formed at any time during the past winter to the thickness of three-fourths of an inch. Yet the Columbia river at Fort Vancouver was frozen over once, and then only for a few days. In the early part of the winter we had two or three heavy falls of enow, yet cattle lived, and lived well, without human aid even, on the hills in this vicinity. The observations we have made on the weather have greatly strengthened our attachment to the delightful and salubrious climate of Oregon. r a vir it .i , . . , , , , ,, , ! Mint rim linmirnnr line hv time In m:i I inn e 1 lt n! meeting of the Legislature, to he convened on the first r l . II' j Monday of May, proximo. As the reasons for this : call are of the most weighty character, it is earnestly j hoped the members will exert their utmost to be present. The Governor further authorises us to say that the '. funds due the members and officers of the Assembly ' are on hand, at Astoria, and will be available as soon ! as the proper steps are taken to have them brought up ' to this plnce. "Agricultural. we are happy to Jearn that the farmers throughout the Territory are actively engaged in putting in crops. We are asrured, on good authority, that the amount nf grain in the ground is nearly, if n it altogether, twice as great as it was last year. And from the general demand for seed potatoes, we should think, if the season proves favorable, that potatoes would bo cheaper next fall than they are at present." Au Unrighteous Law. Under this caption the Goehen Democrat has an article in relation to the judgment recently rendered in the United States Court against Newton and others, which betrays the ignorance of the editor upon the subject about which he writes. The judgment,

was rendered in the Federaland not a Siate Court. . seeker from Pennsylvania visited Washington, and It was for tho price of four fugitive 6laves, and was called upon the President, nnl made his wishes known, founded upon an act of Congress, the Constitution of, Old Zack was much pleased with his appearance, and the United States, and the settled decisions of the Su-! very frankly told him he should favor his appointpreme Court. He says "we have no hesitation in pro ; ment. The poor fellow knowing the President had nouncing any law of the State of Indiana, that would j the appointing power, considered himself nafe, and authorize such a judgment, an unrighteous law and . began to put his house in order, preparatory to receivone that should be immediately repealed." Now, . ing a fat office. When lo, like the case of our friend

l'iM.n n i .iifiti t. nr n tlm statuta twi.ifr f Tnttisn. i n t e o e T JAgain, he says: "By the laws of the State or Indiana, a Kentuckian may come to our State, kidnap a .tic ic 13 no nun. in it i'ii tue riniuvc uvin ui iuui.iiii free born citizen, drag him through the streets, in broad day light, and rivet upon his lacerated limbs the fetters of perpetual slavery." There is no such law in the State of Indiana or any other State in this Union, and we defy any man, to show a single instance where a "free born citizen of Indiana," has ever been dragged into perpetual slavery. It is a slander upon the State. Again he says, without at tempting to quote his words, that any person, interfering, is subject to a judgment for the price of the negro. Now there is no such statute in Indiana, and if there were any such provisions in our laws, they would be void under the decision of the Sup-erne ' Prtiipt T'tisft nntVAr t ra Itnrr.stls. fa . . nrn I ha an i Ktff a if VS ' U I V saw "o v s " & Mfwea assw svwvjwbj a fugitive slaves is a power derived from the Constitution of the United States, and the sole powers of legislation on that subject, belongs to Congress. He says, the existence of such laws creates Ihe necessity for a change in the Constitution. How in Heaven's name can a change in the constitution of Indi ana remedy the evil of which he complains? Would he insert a provision against the arrest cf fugitive slaves! Such-a provision would be void, so long as the Constitution of the United States is in force, and the acts of Congress unrepealed. We will have no quarrel with the editor on the subject of these lawr. But we do object to his wholesale and gross misrepresentation of the statutes of Indiana. We vindicate the truth of our Legislation and hope the editor, when he writes again, will read the Constitution of tbe United States, the law of Congress, and the re vised code nf Indiana, and then he will understand a subject upon which he wishes to enlighten bis readers, and not create a predjudice against our laws without any foundation in truth. The editor of ihn Indiana Journal is horrified at the prospect of electing a slaveholder to office, notwith standing his support of the owner of at least three hundred negro slaves for President of the United Slates ; and the editor of the Lafyette Journal would shudder at the same idea, nolwitbstanding"he thinks that three hundred negroes and a sugar plantation are essential to the comfort of a retired President in his declining years. The Journal editor finds great fault with an amendment offered by Mr. Bright to the Oregon bill, which he says himself, a mojority of the Southern members, including Mr. Calhoun, voted against. ' Mr. Bright, in the opinion of the Journal, no doubt also committed an unpardonable Mn some years since in marrying a Kentucky girl, whose father or grandfather owned negrot ; and, as, in his opinion, Mr. B., is now the only candidate tho Democrats wil have for United Slates' Senator, there must be a whig majority in the next Legislature to prevent his elec tion. A few weeks ago hejiad great love for Mr, Chamberlain, and almo.t, with tears in bis eyes, in yoked the democrats to stick to him. Now, since he thinks there is a prospect of the election of bis broth er to the Legislature from Elkhart, Mr. Chamberlain is forgotten. Caleb B. Smith is in his eye the Gal

phin haa been drilling him.

Tlie Democracy of New York. We have the most cheering intelligence from every

all kinJs of abstractions and immaterial issues, are " now opening their eyes, and see that their fRIish qnirrel have led them into a decided minority, which has thrown the p iwer of the Stute and the nation. into tho hands of the whigs. Th low party epithets of Hunker and Barnburner, are boiiig buried in tl.e t tnb of forgetful ness, and Ihe party are rally i tiff tin der the same (lag which was borne aloft in the day of their triumph. The pipe of peuce has been smoked around the council fire of old Tammany, and the notes of harmony and concord once more are heard to issue from this aocient Wigwam. Such niickol will be form-d, as will sweep Seward Whiggrry, Filmore Whiggery, aud Galphio Whiggery, and Free Soil, vole-youreelf a farm fanaticism from her wide borders. Tie quarrel has at least proved, thai the question of slavery can never be introduced as a test into any political party, without producing its entire destruction. In this re-union thounds of honest whigs will join them, whilst some of the free soilers, whose pride of - opinion w ill not Buffer them to retreat, will unite with the abolitionists. A union convention has been held in the city of New York, and an address and resolutions adopted, as the baVis of their future action. Our columns will not afford us sufficient room to publish these important papers at fill length. The address, in a delicate but decided manner, alludes to the cause of their fatal divisions, and after tracing the history of the slavery agitation and the Wilniot proviso, showing that its mission has been one of mischief, without any good ; they conclude with the following very sensible and appropriate remarks : "The conclusions to which the convention have arrived on ihi all absorbing subject are to leave the institution of slavery to the people of the States and territories. They should be thesole judges whether they will hive it or not, and to their will we should submit. Though the pnwer of Congress to legislate for, or against its admission into territories, is a controverted question ; yet if it exis's, we are opposed to its exercise, believing such exercise inexpedient, and calculated lo alienate from us our southern brethren, weaken the bonds thnt bind in one common brother hood thirty independent State and might ultimately end in the dissolution of the Union, and endanger the liberty of b th races." We cannot close this article without making an other quotation from this patriotic address : "Your committee, afier the most mature delibera tion upon the nature of the unfortunate distentions referred to, have come to the conclusion, tlut the fu ture success of the democratic pirty, depends uponnn entire willingness, on the part of every pood demo erat, to permit every other democrat, so long as he manifests his fidelity to the great principles of the party, and gtvs his support to its fairly and regularly J . . J inn tinted candidates, to entertain his own views on the question of slavery." This spirit of forbearance will always insuro suc cess, whilst the reverse policy, must be followed by certain defeat. Pairing OlT. Those who have given any attention to the proceedings of Congress, often see among the reports, that some member, when called, asked to be excused from voting, because he has paired off with some other member. This practice of late has become very fashionable. A democratic member wishes to leave the city on a visit to his family ; he finds bo me whig who desires to do the same; they agree to pair off and be absent for a given time, and if either returns before the expiration, he is in honor bound not to vote They being opposed in politics, the general result of any party vote is not changed. But this pairing off has heretofore been confined to Congress. But it has recently been adopted in higher and more responsible places. It is said, on good authority, and the statement is not denied, that a short time since, an office I Ran. mn , it it. m n n n.. nnn.t f 1 1 I . nntliap inili.Mii.1 I lkiuiii.iii it nuo .uuuunvtu iiiui viswiuci uiuiiiuuai ! . i rr.. m . j had been appointed. The disappointed office seeker , immediately called on the President, who seemed deeply to sympathise with the poor fellow in his d is-1 appointment. Sys he : " My good fellow, I did all I j could for you ; Cnllamer was hot as h-U agin yu : but he had to go ow-try, and so I paired off with him, and a majority of the rest of the Cabinet went for i.. 1 1 it humer mure. Getting Warm. We leoru from the Versailles Intelligencer that a political meeting was held in New Marion on Saturday week. The candidates for the various State and county offices were present and severally addressed the assembly. By the following notice of the closing speeches, which we copy from the Intelligencer, it 6eems that the temperature of a couple of the political aspirants rose above blood heat: It now being Mr. Cravens' turn to speak, and, the air in tho house being close and sultry, upon his sug gestion the crowd retired to the shady porch in front of Mr. Edwards's hotel. Mr. Cravens then took the stand, and in his usual forcible manner addressed the crowd. He occupied so much of his time, however, upon the pa.t history of parties and affairs in this county, that he did not, if we recollect aright, touch upon any of the proposed amendments to tue constitution ; but we are informed by those who heard him n other places that he does not differ materially if at all from Col. Smith. During the speaking of Mr. Cravens, some sharp shooting was had between him and Dr. Bowers, by way of propounding and answering interrogatories; and, Mr. Cravens having concluded. Dr. Rowers took the stand, but did not proceed far before he and Mr. C. got into a hot dispute, one railing the other very naughty names, and the other making faces al him. They finally clinched, and a scuffle ensued ; but they were soon parted, and no bones were broken. The row, riot, or whatever it may be termed, having been quelled, and order comparatively restored, the Doctor again commenced his remarks, but did not proceed far before another wordy difficulty arose between the bel ligerents, and another clinch and scuffle ensued ; but they were again parted without the breaking of any bones. This last fracas b iut closed the speaking for the day and well it mio-iit. Assatino Metals. The assaying is the most cu rious and scientific of all the business in the mint. The metiers take the gold dust, melt it, and cast it into a bar, when it is weighid accurately, and a piece is cut off for Ihe aaaayer. He takes it, melts it with twice its weight of silver, and several times its weight of lead. If is melted in small cups made r bone ashes, which absorb all the lead; large part of the silver is extracted by another process, and the sample is then rolled out to a thin shaving, coiled up, and put in a sort of glass vial called a matrass, with some nitric acid. The matrasses are put in a fur nace, and the acid is boiled some time, poured off, a new supply put in, and boiled again. This is done several times, till the acid has extracted all the silver and other mineral substances, leaving the sample of pure gold. The same is then weighed, and, by the difference between the weight before assaying and after, the true value is found. All the silver over and above five pennyweights for each lot, is paid for by the mint at its true value. The gold afte.r it has been assayed, is melted, refined, and being mix ed with its due proportion of alloy, is drawn iuto long strips, (uot unlike an iron hoop for a cask,) the round pieces cut out with a sort of punch, each piece weighed and brought to the right size, and put into a stamping press, whence it comes forth a perfect coin -Scientific American.

Letter of Itlr. Albcrtou, Mr. Albertsou, the Representative of t ie First Congressional District of this State has addressed along letter to one of his coiiftiiuen's, in which he answers certain inquiries in relation to the exciting topics of the day. We are heartily sick of this everlasting subject of slavery ; but Mr. A.'s concluding remarks are dictated with such a spirit of candor that we cannot refrain from giving them pVce in our paper. He concludes his long letter ly saying "In short, I repudiate political abolition in all its shapes and assumptions, as I do Southern ultraiem and disunion ; and if the people of the Firet Congressional District desire a one idea Representative of such a character and principles and feelings, in ine. they have certainly selected the wrong man, and will ere long have an opportunity of rectifying their mistake ; for I assure you that I atn ambitious for nwillier the honors nor emoluments' of a scat in Congress, if

it is to be obtained at the expense! of every principle of honor and consistency, and by fomenting sectional r. ........ w jealousies and strife between the North and the! V .a Nstiifh i r tiirtnnotit faF NlaVDPtf Ttonairm ItfaAll fknVA i any apprehension of danger from the so-called Com promise, of the committee of thirteen, now before the Senate. It authorizes no such thing, but leaves the question to be settled by the inhabitants of the terntorirs when they come to form themselves into Stale Government.. Thi- is the true democratic doctrine. which wo all advocated in 1318; and I. for one. am disposed still to adhere to it, for I still believe now, .. I then d.d. th.t it is the true pohcy of our government, and the only one upon which this "vexed" and exciting question ctn be amicably adjusted to suit all , b n ' J parties. "T1 the principles and views of the democratic party. I ever expect to adhere ; and while I am blessed . . . with the full enjoyment or my mental faculties, they : will receive my ardent and devoted service "Toe privilege of choosing between the various plans of compromise proposed by different individual is all that is before us; and for my part, I cau truly say, that I infinitely prefer the plan as proposed by the committee of thirteen to that of the President's p'an of non-action at o.7, in reference to the Territories. While I arn in favor of leaving them to regulate their own domestic institutions, I am not willing to leave them without any government at all. I should hold a man at least very stupid, if not "insane," who pretends to think that the Proviso can become a law while the present Congress exists, or Gen. Taylor occupies the Presidential chair. It was laid open the table in the lower House al an early day of the present session, by a majority of twenty-six, and that loo by the votes of a number of those hitherto tho most clamorous for It. It was killed in the Senate a few days since, by a majority of ten ; and even if it could pass both Houses of Congress, it could never receive the executive signature. "I am ready and willing now, and have been at all times, separately if it may be so if not, to vote for them all together. I am ready to vote for the immediate admission of California as a State, into the Union, disconnected with any other question, or if we can make it the means of a general adjustment of all the diflkuliits and distracting questions now betöre the country, in God's name, It t it be so. 1 am for restoring peace and quiet to mr country, if so desira ble an object can be obtained without a sacrifice of consistency, honor and truth. It is clear to my mind. thai tlu demands of patriotism, and dictates of an enlightened and liberal policy, all equally require of me the support of this measure of compromise, and 1 should be recreant to myself, and to my country, if with these views, I should fail so to do "I arn, dear sir, very respectfully, your humble and obedieut servant, NATU L ALHEÜI'SO?i." The railing: of Table Rock. The Buffalo Daily Advertiser o" 15th inst. gives the following account of the falling of Table Rock at Niagara Falls : This Rock, so memorable in the Guide Books to the Falls, fell, with a Mremendous crah," which shook all the "region round about," on Snurday afternoon. . The portion that fell was from 150 to 200 feet long and from 30 to 70 feet broad, making an irregular semi-circle, the general confirmation of which is probably well remembered by those who have been on the spot. It was the favorite point for observation. The noise occasioned by the crash was heard at the distance nf three miles, though many in he village on the American side heard nothing of it. It was a very fortunate circumstance that tbe event took place just at dinner time when most of tbe visiters were at the Hotels. No lives were lost. A carriage from which the hores had been detached stood upon the rock, and a boy was seated inside. He felt the rock, giving away, and had barely time to get out and rush to the edge that did not fall before the whole immense mass fell. A gentleman Mr. Moshier, one of tbe owners of the Empire State with a lady and the Guide, were under ihe rock when it commenced falling. A mass. w hich Mr. M. judged to weigh about a ton, came t , . - , , . . ' UOWII, WliCII UlCy UCCIIItU U prUUCIll HI ICUIC. J. IICJ j ,,ad BCarcey hJn 0ut tWu minutes before (he whole j wa precipitated into the chasm below. There has been a 6eam opening fur sometime past, and gradually widening, indicating the fall before the lapse of a very long period. This gradual falling of the rocks tends strongly to confirm the theory that the Cataract has "worked its way" up from the mountain ridge at Lewistown to its present location. And it may be that in "due course of time" it will be found at the foot of lake Erie. Willi tbe "progress" that it has made within our recollection, however, it will be some time first, and our hopes of living to see such a consummation are not over strong. From tht Ohio Cultivator. Sowing Clover among: Corn. On the 6 ih of last July, we finished sowing a field of corn with clover. We sowed immediately arier the plow, the last working, giving the seed a chance. while the ground was fresh and loose. It look well, 6tood a hard fall drouth, and came on more vigorous this year, than that sown on small grain the spring previous. The soil is various, including loam, clay, and grav el, with a ridge so poor that it would scarcely pro duce a nubbin of com to the lull. We sowed the ridge, because it was easier to sow than to skip it, thinking it scarcely possible that clover could live on it, but we are happily disappointed to see a tol erable growth of clover on it at present. Two other experiments came under our observation; one in this and the other in Butler county. One Hwed after the plow the 30lh of July, and failed, except a strip next the woods, where it was protected by theshad. The other sowed after the cultivator, on a very dry soil, the latter part of August, and failed entirely. These we mention as a caution to others to sow in season. We were informed by an experienced farmer of Indiana, that latterly he sowed on corn almost entirely, and thought it much preferable to the old way of sowing in spring grain. He "prefers to sow immediately after the plow, in his early corn, about the last of June or first of July; then it will get the harvest rains," soon sprout, and send forth its tap root, and get a hold sufficiently deep to enable it to bid defiance to any ordinary drouth; whereas, if sowed late, as in the above cases, it scarce springs into life till the drouth comes and parches it to death. The advantage of this practice will be derived by corn farmers grass growers don't need it. It doubles the chances of getting a field of clover in any given year. It offers a profitable and practicable mode of keeping a corn field, not suited to the production of small grain, in a hirli state of fertility. 2. Hamilton C. 0., June 16, 1850. ' sjnss County. The democracy of Cass county met in convention on the 27(h ult., and nominated the following ticket: For Senatorial delegate, Robert Mahaffey ; Representative delegate for Cass and Howard, George A. Gordon, of Howard; Representative, Samuel L. McFadden ; Treasurer, E. D. Strong ; Auditor, Wm. Lytle; Assessor, John H. Herbert; Commissioner, Blair Buchanan : Coroner, Wm. TiHey. It is an excellent ticket, and all that remains for the democracy of Cass to do, is to turn in and elect it. The P. M. General has established the following Post Offices in this State : Carpentersville, Putnnm, Ezra Whitney ; Royton, Delaware, Wm. Mitchell ; White Creek, Bartholomew, Wm.-Horobert.

Indianapolis V JJcItcfonialpc Kailroad. At the, annual meeting of the atockhoIJera of tins company, held at Anderson, Madison county, on the 3d inat., the following gentlemen were elected Director for the ensuing year, viz : Jeremiah Smith, Win. M. Way, and David Ileaoton, of Randolph county; Divid Kiltrc, Samuel P. Anthony, and James Truitr. of Delaware roUnty ; Madison G. Walker, Allen Makepeace, and William Sparks of Madison county; Thos. R. Noel, of Hamilton county ; Oliver H. S:nilh, and Alfred Harrison, of Marion county ; William A. Rifner, of Henry co. ; George Kng, of Johnson county ; and R. H. Winslow of New York. The following persons were elected ofLcers, vix: 0. H. Smith President, James G. Jordan Secretary, Austin W. Morris Tn-asurer, and Thomas A. Morris Engineer. The Executive committee consists of Messrs. Anthony, Jeremiah Smith, Sparks, Harrison and Noel. The standing committees are constituted as follows: On Finance. Messrs. Anthony, Wicslow. Make-

peace, iving ana Harrison. . T l-T I T ;.V1,,panJ . way, K.rnpr W nILrnr ma A ! rtr On Claims. Messrs. Sparks, Kilgore, Heaston, Noel and Rifner. a laiiw imi On Location. &c. Messrs. Smith, King, Walker, 1 4 '""'""V',0t P"b" s.-Messrs. Makepeace, Heaston. ' i'UÜl Ma" w , ! ' ? Private Dwi. Messrs. Way, Wl. Anthony, j ,Ke' "u -king. ....... . ! 1 he President previous to being qualified delivered J "' add re,.: ' G"TLr.ME-lI.v.ng received renewed evidence .of the confidence and regard of the stockholders and I j iiidirectors, I take the occasion to say. that our proshlvc ,befor. been M fi,r' ind . rn 11 1 fiat ftr fin iifi ind nAPwulfuf n rs trt.srl sir fflta start i r--the work to ensure its complete success. Within the last year our slocks have been gradually increasing, and we have done much in procuring means, and materials, and in the construction of the work ; yet much remains to be done. Our liabilities cf every kind have been promptly met, and our credit has been maintained unimpaired. We have purchased the heavy T rail, chairs, and spikes, for thirty-four miles of our road extending from Indianapolis to Anderson, by the negotiation cf our ten year bonds at fair rates. We are now bal lasting the grade and laying the iron on the first pen. eral section, from Indianapolis to Pendleton, twentysix miles, at the rate of two miles per week, carrying forward the gravel, lumber, and iron by steam power, and the balance of the iron, to lay the eight miles. Iroin rend let on to Anderson, we expect to receive early the coming fall, and to lay it down before the tea sou closes. The Union steam track at Indianapolis, has been completed and works finely. With this track the four rail roads located to that city, are connected by switches from their respective depots, and other roads. that may be hereafter located there, may connect in like manner, and the whole transportation, from road to road, will be done by steam, as the business shall require. We have made arrangements by which the Madison company will do the business of our road with their locomotives, and cars, as far as Anderson, for a limited lime, upon terms highly beneficial lo both companies; we receiving the net profits of the road, and they receiving a fair compensation for running it, besides the benefits arising from the increased business that will be thrown upon the Madison road, while our means will be left free after the road lo Anderson shall be completed, to push the work forward to the State line. Our whole road is finally located, and, except a few sections, opened to the Ohio line, and we have every confidence taat it will be in operation lo Pendleton by lJ9 nrst of October, ready to receive the northern " S) business, and if the iron arrives in time, as we expect, we can complete it to Anderson this season. We contemplate completing the grade to Muticie this season, and having the cars ti ere the next, and at the State line by the autumn thereafter. This we can. and roust do, if our subscribers will give us their promised aid, and the counties through which the road runs will do their duty. I am hoppy to state, thai we have been favored with good whiat crops this esson, whtch besides greatly benentiing our farmers, in other matters, will give them means to pav up present dues, and justify new subscriptions, enabling us to progress more rapidly with the work through the north-eastern countiea Our stock solicitors and directors will be agnin in the field taking new stock. I confidently trust that they may be met with the right spirit, as we need mora stock to complete the work. I must congratulate you on the fact, that our mad stands high in the public confidence at home and abroad. It is justly looked upon at the East, as a link in one of the great chains of railway which is to connect the Atlantic cities with tlie Mississippi, at an early day, and ultimately with the Pacific. It is especially gratifying to me lo know that th roads with which our road is to unite, and between which, from the Ohio line, to Indianapolis,- it will be the direct connecting liuk, are n.pidly progressing to completion. I sdvt:: to these mads to show ihe great importance of our road, and lo give some idea of its probable through business, when it shall be completed. It will unite at the Eastern terminus, with the Philadelphia and Pittsburgh line, running through ßellefontaine, and Sidney, which line is intersected at Bellefontaine by the Sandusky road, and at Gallion by the Cleveland n ad, these being the direct Boston and New York lines by the Lake route. It will also unite at the Ohio line, with the Baltimore and Wheeling route, running through Columbus, Urbana and Piqua, as well as with the Cincinnati, Dayton and Greenville line. At Indianapolis, it now connects with the Madison, Terre Haute, Iafayette and Peru roads, and will at an early day be intersected by several others. These connections must secure to our road an im J ineuse through travel and business. Its local business will be equal to that of any other road of the same length in the West. Thesecombined facts, when considered in connection with the other important facts, that our road is constructed upon the low grade of 30 ft. to the mile, and will only cost when constructed io the most substantial manner with ballast, and the heavy T rail, $10,000 per mile, ready for the motive power, less than one third of the average cost of American rail roads, we feel warranted in repeating thai our oad must pay well, so soon as constructed, with a gradual increase annually, that our stocks win unquestionably reach a high rate of dividends, as there is no limit in our charter. May I not be permitted to inquire of our friends who are directing their attention to plank roads, front different points on the line, whether true wiadom would not suggest the completion of the artery, first and then the appropriation of the surplus to the construction of the veins? I take pleasure in bearing my testimony to the ability, and energy, of ihe officers of the company, who have contributed much to the gratifying condition of the work. And to the directors who have retired from the service of the company, I lender my thanks, for iheir efficient aid, for the last two years of our operations. Let us, gentlemen, enter upon the discharge of our duties, with a full determination to meet the just expectation of the stockholders and the public. July 3, lc5). O. H. SMITH. Queen Victoria. The recent addition to the family of Queen Victoria, has furnished another proof of her desire that the succession of the crown of England hall not fail for want of legal claimants. She is the mother of seven children, although only m tl.e thirty-sccotid year of her age, and she bids fair to become mother lo as large a family as her grandmoiher, Charlotte, the Queen of George the Third, who was mother of fifteen children. But rapidly as Queen Victoria's family has increased, viz : seven children within ten years and three months of her msrriage, she is no circumstance to her grandmother, who, married on the 8ih of September, 1761, became the mother of the following children : George the Fourth, born the 12th August, 17C2 ; Duke of York, born lSih August, 1763; Duke of Clarence, born 21st Aujrust, 17R5; Princess Charlotte, born 19th September, 1766; Duke of Kent. born 2nd November, 1767; Princess Augusta, born 8th November, 1763; Princess Elizabeth, born 22nd May, 1770 ; Duke of Cumberland, born 5th of June, 1771. Eight children within nine years and nine months of her marriage, and being at the birth of the Duko of Cumberland, her eighth child, only 27 years and 17 days old. This is an official statement.