Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 48, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 May 1850 — Page 2

SfaMtroa State Sentinel. ElEBff AL VICILAKCE It TUE PBICE OV lIHin. IMMANAroLIS. ITI AY 2, 18SO. Our Terms. Tle follow io will hereafter be the permanent terms of the Week'y Indiana State Sentinel: QPaynients tobe made always in advance. One copy, one year, $;'2.C0 Three copies, one year, 5.00 Five copies, one year, 8.00 One copy during; the sewaion,. .........50 Ten copies, in club?, one year, 15.00 Soiisf-Wrs-Itly. (Published three times a et-k during the session.)

One copy, $1 00 Three copies, $10.00 j Une copy during the session,. i.uu All papers will be stopped at the end if the term paid for, unless the subscription is renewed", except to those with whom we have other unsettled business accounts. Any person sending us a club of ten. with cash, at the rate if $1.50 each, shall have a copy gratis fur one year. For a greater number than ten, the gratuity r I all be increased in proportion. - All postmasters are requested to act as agen's, and as such, by a recent decision of the department, they are authorized to frank letters for the benefit of subscribers. TERMS FOR ADVERTISING PATENT MEDICINES. To prevent eoa fusion and io sava lime, we etat our terms for advertising Palcat Medicines, vis : Fifty cmu per rqoare im In Mit-weakly ssHilosi for the tint insertion, and iweuty-fivs eenu pel squat tue ntch subsequent iiisrrlion, wbea for not less than three months. Over Ihres months, 50 ernte pet squars far the tint, and 30 cant per square for each subsequent Inmrtio. Each airwrtificcnt will bavs a( lead on Inseröoa. lbs Weekly wit boot additional coat. Fur insertions in lbs Weekly continuously, doubl ths above price. Cum, wbea freed lobe Inverted, will be charged double U lbs spse tbey occupy. Eicht Mom of Nonpareil, or 330 ems, count s square. JIAKIO COUATY DEMOCRATIC TICKET. For Senatorial Delegate, A. F. MORRISON. ( JAMES JOHNSON, Fur Rep. Delegates, J. P. CHAPMAN, ( LEVI L. TODD. ( BENJ. MORGAN, For Representatives, MADISON WEBB, ( WM. ROBSON. For Sheriff, CHARLES C. CAMPBELL. For Treasurer, JOHN M. TALBOTT. For Auditor, ISAAC W. HUNTER. For Probate Judge, ADAM WRIGHT. For Co. Corner., MATTHEW R. HUNTER. For Coroner, PETER F. NEWLAND. City Election. The following is the result of the election held in Indianapolis, April 27th, 1350, for the election of seven councilmen : First Ward. George McOuat, 75 Harvey Bates, - CO Second War J. D. V. Culley, 45 Wm. Campbell, 10 A. G. Porter, 4 Third Ward. Andrew A. Louden, 69 Thomas Rickards, --57 Blank, - 1 Fourth Ward. Samuel S. Rooker, -17 Owen Cullings, 14 Fifth Ward. Saml. Heteelgeser, 35 Nathan Edward, .27 Sixth Ward. Wm. Eckert, 51 JohnS. Dunlop.Jr. 19 Setenlh Ward. Joseph M. Landis, 62 Charles Secrest, . 25 C harlea W. Cady, 8 Blank, .. ... .., . . 3 A very light vote was given throughout the city, in consequence of tho prevalence of a severe rainatorra from the opening to the closing of tho polls. The members of the new city council, met at the council chamber, on Monday, 29th April, as follows: 1st Ward Geokge McOuat. 2d Ward David V. Cullet. 3d Ward Andrew A. Locken. 4th Ward Samuel S. Rooker. 5th Ward Samuel Hetselgeser. 6th Ward William Eckert. 7th Ward Joseph M. Landis. And organized by the election of Andrew A. Louden as President of the council. The following City oGcera were then elected for the ensuing year : Secretary Joseph T. Robe rib. Marshal Be.nj. Pilbean. Treasurer John S. Spann. Attorney William Wallace. Street Commissioner Geo. You xo er ma. City Surveyor James Wood. Assessor Not elected. Tbe Compromise Commit fee. The Washington Union copies the following state ment as to the probable results to be effected by the Committee of Thirteen, recently appointed in the U. S. Senate, to present a compromise satisfactory to the South, relative to the territories and other matters: "The committee of thirteen have two weeks to ma tore a plan of compromise. They had a meeting this morning, (Saturday.) from what can be gleaned from tbe debates of the Senate, and from private con versations, it is understood that they will agreo noon something like the following: First, a bill providing for the admission of California as a State into the Union ; territorial governments fur Utah and New Mexico, omitting the Wilmot Proviso, and offering to leaas a pecuniary consideration, twelve or fifteen millions of dollars, in the event of her consenting to a certain boundary, to be speciSed between that State and New Mexico. Secondly, a bill providing for a new State out of a portion of Texas, and a bill more effectually to provide for the restoration of alave fugitives. These measures will be accepted by the Senate, and will, it is thought, pass the Senate by a majority of four; and they may, after fierce debate, be crowded through the House by a majority of ten. But time will determine." The Democratic party have never looked with indifference on their joung men. Correspondent State Sentinel. Of coarse not, when their votes are needed,' but when, in this county, did you ever bring them furward for important offices 1 Indiana Journal. The correspondent of tho Sentinel jutt now remembers two instances, in Marion county, where young men were taken op by the Democrats, and elevated to important publie offices. One was the case of the lamented George L. Kinnard, and the other William Stewart. The Democrats of the whole State have not been unmindful of their young men. Jesse D. Bright was elevated to the office of Lieutenant Governor, when barely eligible under the Constitution, while some of the whig papers were charging him with being under that age. He was subsequently sent to the United States Senate ander a howl from the tame quarter, that he was too young. Caleb B. Smith of soft soap memory, an old Hunker whig, now desires a seat in the United States Senate, and three young whigs are brought out to ?ote for him, under the idea that sn appeal to the young men will secure their election to the Legislature for that purpose. Verily, Democratic young men are now io demand for this praiseworthy object. A ULJiUlKA T. 3rMr. Jas. ft. Withers, who bas represented Tike county in the Indiana Legislature for the last two years, died at his residence near Petersburg, a few dajs since. Hii' disease was Pneumonia. He was a democrat.

Central Itnil llontl. We give below same extracts from an able communication which lately appitred in the Clevelaud (O.) Herald, in relation to our Central Rail Road, which will be read w lb interest by all who are engaged in the construction f this great work. Of the communication the Herald says: We publish an ably prepared article 011 the ubji'Ct of tle great leading ra.l-way lines frum the Eat to the West, which will attract attention. The writer, a mutter of fart, practical man, who has devoted much attention to the progress of internal improvements, has prevented many interesting statistics touching the line? of railroad In progress of construction and in contemplation to and in the West. Lrt 01 now turn our attention tomaids the Miiiippi. Wt tiave rsa the lin cf tht Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati lailroad in a souiti-wesleily direction 72 miles to th Gideon Ssmir.it, wheie thu road turns south t C'ilum' u. At the Summit it ii propped to continue the sou'b-wrM count 57 miles to Bellefuntaina on the raihosd leading fiom Sanduky to Cincinnati, midway between tlio glares. The ditrctor or lh Pennsylvania and Ohio lailroad in their recetit tepoM State as f 'lluwi At the contempUted terminus of ytnr mad and vhi it will interect the Columbus and Cleveland road, the directus s of the Bellefontaine and Indiana railioad now being located, intend ti Mmmroce their toad which connects (at the Indiana line) with the Indianaoil. and Bellefontaine railroad now under rapid cunsti actio to the fl iuiUhio; capital of Indiana and thenes to Tens Haute 00 the wsstein border of tbe State, forming oue contiDuom central tail toad fiom Delaware to the Wabaih, appropriating t) itself the busioess of all the loads constructed and in progress from the 01ik to tbs Lakes. A late number of tbs Cincinnati Gazette says, " we are informed by the Secretary of the ßellefoniaine and Indianapolis railrnad that this road will be (.at under contract this spring, and that enough stock to justify it hat been subscribed. This road commences where the Pittsburgh crosses the Cleveland and Columbus toad pacing thence through Morrow, Belieferntaine, and Sirtuey to the Indiana Stale line." The Mi.tdle Fork or Pittsburgh line is evidently eaily on tbe ground t f re-occupy through other agency. From Bellefutitain to the ndiaua line i about CO mile. A meeting was recently held at Bellefutitaiiie at which Mr. Roberts, engineer of tbe Pennsylvania and Ohio railroad ied bis leport on lbs result of preliminary surveys, extending fiom a point 011 the Cleveland and Columbus road through Bellefoutains to the Indiana State lioe. "The lepoit was of the most encouraging character, showing the remai kable adaptation of tba country to the cheap construction of a first class railroad wiih moderate gisdei and consMing of long, straight lines of fron fite to thirty miles in length, connected by gentle carves. The road will be 120 miles long, and will be an cxtention of tüt Ohio and Pennsylvania railioad." From the Stats lioe to Indianapolis i 83 miles, of which 76 miles ais straight lines, making the distance from Cleveland to the cspital of Indiana 276 miles. An air Una will be about 267 miles. The distance by railioad fiom Cleveland to Indianapolis, will not be over 22 miles greater than from Cleveland via Columbus to Cincinnati a portion of the road in Indiana, 34 miles, is t be completed this season. From Indianapolis to Tent Haute, on the Wabash, 73 miles, s railroad is constructing, nearly one half the distance on the west end is finished. Distance from Cleveland to Tens Hinte, 343 miles, Vir line 337 miles. This exhibits gteat directness of line as alto a small amount of curved line. From Duukirk to Terre Hain, 490 miles, the road will be veiy nesrly an air line, and will net vary therefrom over 15 or 20 miles. The world is challenged to produce anything like it for length and directness of continuous line, easygrades and modeiaie curvature. If to this is added the 300 miles of the New Yoik and Erie Railroad, with a miximnm grade of 5 ft. to the mile, we have the elements for a route of great speed. At Indianapolis seversl roads converge from tbe North and South. Some articles of produce may come from Indiana, as far even as the Wabash to Cleveland 1 as it will be boms in mind that tbit great Soutb-westero Railroad will be about 100 miles distant from the Ohio River. They talk confidently of carrying flour fiom Ordensburg to Boston, 386 miles, (air line 265 miles,) for fifty cents a bariel. Their grades are treble, and the cost of their toads double, of what this line would be. With the enlaigement of the Eiie canal it may be expected that A ur will be trantpoited fiom Cleveland to New York for 50 cents. At the rate at which flour is carried from Albany to Boston, 200 miles by railroad for 30 cents, would bs from Terre Haute to Cleveland 52 cents. Tbe route prolonged fiom Terre Haute, would reach the Mississippi at about 160 miles. A Railioad convention was held at Vandalia on tbe 7th February, at which the pteliminary steps were taken for the immediate commencement of the rail road from Terrs Haute west aciots the State to Uli nuisto n, opposite St. Louis. Tbree commitsioners weis appointed to open tbe books in each county for lubsciiptions to the Mississippi and Atlantic Railroad Cotrpaoy. t remain open till the 1st of April next Ws have theo five links or companies frum Cleveland to St. Louis, each one moving energeticslly. Ou this magnificent periphery innumerable lines of other roads units at every possible angle. Multitudes of towns become the centres of circlet, larger or smaller, of a busy traffic tnd travel 00 the gteat pathway, themselves being in an oibit of a more enlarged and extend

ed movement ol our great, circular, arterial Rail Roaa. A. P. 07The N. Y. Journal of Commerce has ever been a moat zealous advocate of Southern interests, sometimes, apparently, sympathising with the extreme notions of the Calhoun school. Notwithstanding this, the Journal of the 22d inst. contains the following significant statement of facts. These are already well known to every intelligent person, but are very seldom alluded to by the exclusive friends of the South. Yet the South is not satisfied with the "lion's share ;" it seems to desire not only the preponderance of "the balance of power, but to rule with despotic sway. It may be true that the South is belter capable of governing than the North: such seems to be the general opinion among politicians, so far as opinion is practically developed. Cut we could wish that the North, and the West particularly, should endeavor to learn how to wield the political power of the country, and having learned, that we should have courage enough to take possession of it, and rightfully direct it. From the N. T. Juurnal of Commerce. The Sooth. Whatever cause of complaint the South may have on olher grounds, she cannot pre tend that she has been denied her full share of the honors of this confederacy. She has, at this moment, the control of all the branches of the government, the Legislature, the Judiciary, and the Executive. She has the control of the committees in the Senate. The Speaker of the House is, and the late Clerk was from the Southern States, and the committees of the House are so constituted as to give to the South its full shaie of influence, if not a predominating influence. In the Judicial department, the Chief Justice is a Southern man ; the Clerk of the Court and the Reporter of its decisions are both Southern men ; and five out of the nine Justices are Southern men. Coming next to the Executive department, we see that tbe President is a Southern man, and an extensive slaveholder. In tbe diplomatic appointments, so far, the South has the largest share, though it is true that she has not now, as she had at the beginning of Mr. Polk's administration, every one of the higher class of diplomatic appointments. In the army and navy, and in the Executive offices in Washington, the South has by far the greater number of officers. . The South is very unnecessarily alarmed at the prospect of a relative increase in the number and population of the non-s!aveholding States. The greater the extent of the Northern State, the more certain will be their dissensions. The South, even if more circumscribed than now in its extent and population, will always be able to hold the balance between Northern factions. The North, in past times, bas obtained an equivalent for its concessions of honors to the South, in the funding system, in the National Bank, the "American system," and protective Tariffs: things which have gone by. The South bas no more such boons to offer, since even in tbe North, monopolies have become odious. Hereafter she must depend upon the combinations of party, which she can generally turn to herowu account. O-The following is the democratic ticket for Tipton county, nominated the first Monday in April, by vote of the democratic people: For Representative, Newton J. Jackson; for Clerk, Wm. F. Brady; for Recorder, Sylvester Turpen; for, Treasurer, John S. Ressler; for Sheriff", George Cloud; for Associate Judges, Joseph Gore and Joseph Price; for Co. Com'r, Harvey Goody koontz. This is a first rate ticket, and well worthy of success. C7-Smitm &l Uaxna, opposite the Branch Bank, have on hand and are daily opening a very large amount of dry goods, groceries, iron, crockery ware, &c, worthy of the attention of purchasers. Our friends from tbe country will find it to their interest , to examine S. &. II. 's extensive stock, before making their purchases. (Among the confirmations of the U. S. Senate we notice that of Sol. Meredith, as Marshal of Indiana.

White Wafer Canal Ztivcr Farm. Epitors of tukStatk SSestixkl. A word from old Franklin upon matters of p-neral in'erest may perhaps find a place in ynir columns. The 7ih of last month the western fik of White Water tok a high, snd though it did uot "go it with the leiiefs" of '47, still in its sudden mod fit. commerce

and agriculture were severe sufferer. The Canal sustained thtmarps estimated at 10,000, but which the rei air will mr-t l.k! an u 41 frttl The the re, airs will moat likely awll to Sia.UW. I lie batik washed away in many phee between Con-' nersville and Harrison. The principal Lreak. how ever, occurred at the feeder dim, four miles below Bronkville. Ti.e current of the river washing cut the gravel, forced .its way under the dam, breaking the span, and carrying before it about one third of tle w hole dam. Tt.e embankments of the canal have been severely testtd ly the raginfj waters, and the winder is. that tli.y very generally wii!ihod the violent freshet, indicating a peMnaiutncv which is gratifying to all, hijjhTy encouraging to those most int-reated, and which, in a great degree must restore public ronfidf nee in the future stability of the work. This canal, among the first undertaken by the State, as been the most disastrous of all the public works. Overtaken in its prosecution tinder the auspices of the State, by the great financial crisis, which mocked alike individual sagacity, and independent associ ated wisdom and influence, involving individual companies, end even sovereignties in bankruptcy, was abandoned by the State, and finally given to the White Water Valley Canal Company, which bas waded through embarrassments and overcome a aucceasion of misfortunes that n other company in the west, if any whore has ever encountered, lhe com pany had hardly completed the work in the first flush of success just beginning to realize the immense advantages of active commerce and a ready outlet for produce, before the embankments had become settled, imbedded and cemented, than the val ley was visited with the unprecedented flood of '47, which made, as it were, an entire waste of the whole work, locks, bridges, aqueducts and dams. Subse quently, during the repairs and afterward, revisited with repeated floods, bearing away the moat coatly alructures, crippling the resources, destroying the public confidence ahd disheartening the whole coun try, flood or break occurring from time to Urne, and now another, so that to the present day, there has been comparatively but few months of uninterrupted nav igation on the Canal; still the company have kept above water, are afloat and going ahead, evincing a spirit and energy and determination to make what they do, stay done, to subserve the great interests of trade, well becoming the peopie of this rich and beautiful valley. The Superintendent, Caleb Jackson, is vigorously prosecuting the repairs, and from all appearances, navigation from Cambridge City to Cincinnati, will recommence by the 20th of May. It may appear wild to some, but I predict that this work in the course ot a tew years, will yield a handsome dm dend, and I fully believe that Gov. Wright was right in a pecuniary point of view, as well as that of cen tral policy, in opposing the sale of the State's interet in it. If the amount of business during tbe short periods of navigation, has encouraged the company to persevere and try again, and again, under repeat ed drawbacks and disaster, what shall it not be. when the products of the Quarries, the forests, and the exhaustleas capabilities of the soil along and con tiguous to the Valley, shall be more fully developed, and all the water powers become the seats of various manufactures 1 Railroads may cross here and there, but the White Water Valley Canal will be th'ronged with produce, and the men who nave, amidst discour agements, and misfortunes, and heavy personal sac ri rices, contributed bv their -counsels.' their means. and their names to build, to sustain and -establish up on enduring foundations, this thoroughfare through the lovely, produce-teeming Valley of Eastern Indi ana, will reap their reward in dollars, and more, theirs shall be the grateful remembrance of all pos terity The unprecedented overflow of the bottom lands consequent upon the sudden rise of the river, claims the serious attention of land owners. A few hours rain now, and in as many more, the river, as though the clouds discharged their contents directly into it, booms up higher, higher still, and rcore violent than heretofore known after protracted rains, inundating tbe country from bank to bank, sweeping off the fences, covering farms with driftwood, beds of sand, and gravel, rendering them sterile and quite value less Tor any purpose whatever. Field after field, along tbe river, that last year waved with luxuriant. abundant crops of corn, &e, the cream of the farming land, is now desolate and almost worthless. I have heard no estimate of damages to the farming lands, but it is very great, and the value of farms which are subject to these modern overflows is greatly di minished. One can hardly think that White Water in a few years may present a melancholy, sandy waste, but the last 12 months roust convince all ob server", that the adjacent lands in extensive tracts. though they have been under culture for thirty years and out of harm s reach, are now seriously threaten ed. Nothing but the arm of i'tdustry, which is lev elling tli a forrest, digging ditches, removing obsta cles, and in a multiplicity of ways, urging with pre cipitate haste a thousand nils into the river, can stay the wasting waters. The material abounds rieht at band, and it is an easy matter to make protection and by a system of leveeing to save most of the lands from floods in the future and from farther abrasions. Tliis would cost something, but a trifle in compari son with the yearly losses, besides unless something ot the kind is done, property, farms, homes are at tho mercy of desolating tides. Where farms are selling for $30 to $50 per acre in cash, every rood it need be, should be walled, and especially, since by as much as the lands are made secure, by as much is theirvalue enhanced, and every acre that can be made or reclaimed, is so much added to the private and public wealth. See to it farmers of White Wt ter! You ean successfully rebuke the river, if Can ute could not the proud waves of the sea. The democratic prospects of Eastern Indiana were never brighter than this day presents them. Lead ing wbigs, gitk it vt im doors, and are anxiously casting about for a compromise candidate in Say Benton or some other man upon whom they can rally uisanected democrats, if there be any, whigs. tc, &c. This eounty sends three members, dem ocrats, and will be ably represented in the Conven lion. TIIOS. CALDWELL. April 15ib, 1850. 03-The National Intelligencer slates that the fol lowing letter was communicated to the United States Attorney for the District of Columbia on tbe ISth inst.: C. Stbeit, April 17, 1850. To Philip R. FenialltEsa., United States Distict Attorney : Sia: A pistol was drawn upon me yesterday in tbs Senate chamber, and although the Senate baa taken notice of that act, and eornmanced a proceeding upon it, yet mis proceeding is no oar 10 iris action 01 a court Ol JUS' tics, and, besides, tbs power of the Senate ia limited. 1 think it a nroner subiect for a court of justice, and wish it 10 bs brouf ht before lbs criminal court of this District for the examination and decision which the laws would five it. 1 enclose a National Intelligencer of this morn mg,an official reporter of tbs Senate poceedings, and have marked IDs passages to which I invite attention do not aend the paper as evidence, but aa s guide to the inquiries or tlis grand jury, and have to add that I will be ready to appear before that body if required, and per naps 10 give me names 01 some persons as witnesses. Respectfully, air, your obedient servant, THOMAS II. BENTON Plowing Match. On the 30th ult a public plow ing match came off on the public mall, in front of the Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D. C, at which President Taylor and a number of members of Con gress, were present and expressed themselves highly pleased. The President, it is said, exhibited bis sldl as a farmer, beating all present in handling the plow, Whether the last assertion be true or not, and per baps nobody tried to beat the President ! we bave 110 doubt that Old Zack ia much more skillful at the plow, than in the management of government affairs (Ey-The U. S. Ship of the line Ohio hai arrived at Boston. While at Rio, and subsequently 5 officers and 11 men died of yellow fever. The telegraphic despatch is dubious. G3-We understand that N. McCarty, Esq., will withdraw from the Whig Convention Ticket, for satisfactory reason. D. Magujre, Esq., will probably lake In' place.

From the Ifartfjrd (Conn ) Times. Kir. Benton unl Air. Foofe.

We regret tbs atlarks whkh Mr. F t' has seen fit to m.ke upon Mr. Denton, in the Senate f the Uuited States. They tn d much to -jute a d l-wer the lespeet rcteiteined f r that b dy. Such attau'is donage the sts.ilant. and they damage the d'gt-ity f tle body which suffers t"iem to bs made, tut tbry ha o. t djmiid a all the pro assaileij. There ate seieral reason why Mr. Bentn honUnnt be the otJ el of nrh ais.ults f om any man and least of all from a profes-ed Demnetat. II ha. lo..e f rhful, unweaiied. and t disiingoiahed -evice bi o.uit.y.e. a statesman, n4 , Der.iic stt'rtman. F-r luii.css ..f infoimaim; for xtenive ai d in l-fitiial le itwurh. thoiougl 1 exhaasU in evrrjr noi.k and comer of hi oljett f -r cmipleienesi of situmn.l 1 fui clear, pnci-e Ingir and oudm'ed f ree of pii-rj lot rueiciles dealing wi lt the urwiUv-i! piallie ud fallari- sof ty inlsii ir "piK'nmts t for ansi-a-ig exprisms of tveiy thing in tbe shsi of rant i'd humbug t f.-r : co.lossnrs ai d fitness of illu-t aM'n. diswn liom Hie whole ange of bitity , thr Scrcb-s nr tathei the treat 01 at ions for thrr fully deceive lb t rsm) f Mr. Beit!), on ths Icadirg na'i al to irs vbrh h.v come op laMnK his lung legislative Career, bave nor beeu iqiatled tjr may other ateirnan cf this country, living or dia l A a sta'isman nd orator, hi tank is clear! higher than that vl Daniel Webster, the ot; I j mis if the fednal Sity who has made 07 preieaviOD to nl hint to those rsvpect't lor, while porifltine in ID iquil drrree the logicsl clearness ana preci;on, and power of inventing argument, which distiiiuihWebster, lie Dion immeasurably excels him m nidu.tiy, nd in tbe extent, depth, and accuracy of his knowledge. For rainy yesri in fact, for a whole life-time these emi nent talents have been devoted to ths steady vindication and advancement of gieat political liu'hs to an un.paiing war fare wi'b cint and enor ia all shapes t 10 olher woids, to ths uiifliiichinf ptomition of the cause of Piogrni and Demwcracy. Mr. Benton has seived that came long and well be has gr.'wn giey in that ssrvke. He haa tiiompbad time and again over rebuffs and over obstacles which would are beaten back moit other men. All this we bold to be soma mar it In Mr. Bentno. as having rained him some title to consideration sod respect at least lor ins wn pa iy.and as soma reason why he should sot bs wautunty asiaihd by Democratic Senator who, wbatevei bis olher merits msy be. has yet his spurs to win io that field wheie tbs great Mistourian bas long since established bis poiti -o. Ws consider Mr. roots as a reutlrmaa of uousaal talent. as possessing a great deal of vigor, spirit and teadiuess in debate. As between him and Mr. Benton we ais irupaitial udges in this matter. Ho will undoubtedly be cuiiouit-i now what effect bis attack bas pioduced in unbtased quarers. We can tell turn exactly. He has neither shaken Mr. Benton's reputa i o fur Cuorage one atom, aor has he by this asault at all established bis own. He bas not io tho least shaken our belief ia the an impeachable purity, morality and integrity of Mi. Benton's life. Very few feanttois are bis equals, and not one of them his supeiior in thrse respect. As lor courage, moral or personal, ws d not believe there is a braver man io the Union, He has piovcd it thoroughly in mviv places, at many limes, and by many tests. In this field we must be permitted to say (without denying bis cour agej Air. foots has bis spurs to win. ws do net approve 01 the duelling code t bat aceoiding Io thst code Mr. Foots was undoubtedly bound to challenge both Mr. Borland and Mr. lien too. Aceoiding to the strict "code of honor, so called at tho South, no man can receive ao apology for a slap in the face, or a kick in the irar, or for being railed a coward or sr. To "call" or kick back again does not satisfy the coos. He matt send a challenge, or temain to some degree oder a cloud. On ths whole, wt advise Mr. Foote. as a fiicnd, to let Mr. Ben too alone, and exercise his poweis anon safer came Tbs lepublicsn patty will paver view with iodiference, un provoked insults 0 Cared to one of iti moit tiu'ty and stal wart patriarchs. Mr. Ban 101 never attacks Senat irs with abusive language. Ha sajs,'I claim ao privilege of insulting Illy body here t I never bars dot e it. In the thiity yeais that I hsvs been beie, 1 have never bezun. But. sir, if it is to begin with me, although I may bear it lor a long time, yet when I once take not ice of it, there shall be an end to it one way or the other. And if this Senate docs not piotect itself fiom language which would disgrace a biothel, I mean from this time fottb to protect myself cost what it may.. - 1 hesa art the ominous words of a forbeaiiDg and yet fearess and determined man after the explicit warning which they convey, we doubt whether any Senator wi:l be able to mattet neivs enough t board the great Missourian with wanton insult. Never Fear. Some of "the papers" are express ing great concern on account of the scenes of vio lence that have occurred in Congres, during the present session of political capital manufactory. We don't sympathise in the full extent of the fears ex pressed. Any one wno minks mat the "bonds o union" among the people will be strained toward sundering, miscalculates underrates, the good t-enee and self-respect of the sovereigns. They feel, no doubt much ashamed of the men, wno, under the mantle of representatives of the States, or of the people, eliould so far forget decency as to equip themselves tn milt taire in order to carry a point: but, pshaw ! lo think because the people blush for such things, thst they would dirsolve the union, or hate each other the more is to erroneously ascribe weakness to tbetn, the same aa are often exhibited by their representntives." There could be no dissolution. The Union is but opening its eyes and stretching its limbs in the early morning or its days. It has but barely passed the bounds of youth. Its glory.änd beriificence are only dawning. Our career is just commenced. There are a thousand conquests yet in our future. Our na tional experiment is just beginning to deyelope and having merely proved its practicability, our incon ceivable energies are only entering upon their earnest exercise. The people of the United States are the architects of our national fortunes, snd they are not to be frustrated in their destiny as a people, by any effervescences of individual jealousy and distraction among politicians. To suppose that the consignment of one man to forgetfulness snd insignificance, and the evanescent elevation of another, no mattar how much personal or partizan bitterness may character ize the struggle, will raisera serious obstacle to the certain achievement of our national grandeur, is magnifying men, as such, far. above their highest at tamable consequence. Our nation will never diner for want of politicians or statesmen, by the personal triumphs or defeats of that class of citizens, folitici&ns are like cock roaches, the more they are killed the more they ac cumulate. If their abundance is desirable, the kill ing off of dozen, to-dav will but open the high-way of ambition to tbe rushing in of two dozeu to-mor row. 1 he people fear no evil to the leading inter eats of the nation from tho political misfortunes of their party leaders. That is a lesson that politica panic-makers ought to learn it will save their lupgs from a deal of wear and fear in useless croaking. O. Statesman. Melancholt Effects of the Use of Chloroform A young lady of this city, who up to that time bad enjoyed good health, took some chloroform severe weeks sgo in order to have several teeth extracted without pain. ' When tbe operation was finished, she was quite delirious, and could not tell where she hv ed or who she was. '.She was sent home in a carriage. and soon after she was seized with spasms of the most violent character. These continued almost without interrdption for many days oen threaten ing immediate death. The best medical skill could not mitigate their severity or their frequency. Re cently we believe recourse Las been had to raercuria preparations, which have put an end to the spasms but have left tbe patient in a state of suffering which no language can describe. Her complete recovery can hardly be expected, though hopes are entertained that tbe end of her intense sufferings is not far dis tant. It is now. about three weeks since she took the chlorform, and she has ever since been in the keenest agony. Rochester Adv. '. Mineral Riches of Southern Illinois. The Morgan county Journal says that the little county ; of Hardin contains iron ore enough to build the Pacific Railroad fifty times over; and the adjoining counties of Gallatin and Salina could furnish the State with coal for a tbouaand years. Popo county has mines of iron which are of a kind easily prepared for the furnace, being the brown Lrematite. Hardin county is also rich in solid bodies of lead ore, which is almost pure galena. Zinc is alo found in great quantities in this same region, and frequently in the same mine with the lead. The ore is that called zinc blend being a sulpbarec of zinc. Of all hallucinations that of the rich man living in dread of coming to want is the most pitiful and humiliating. The present superintendent of the Massachusetts Hospital for the Insane, says that in all the caaes of insanity that have come under his notice, produced by a fear of coming to want, the patients have been rich men t In no case has the man of I humble means been visited by this form f insanity. Ponder that, ye who bug your gold 1 Boston Traveller. . . ' CrSee the advertisement of Prof. Keelet in today's paper. We have so frequently called the at tention of our readers to advertisements of this character, that we are almost unwilling to dososgain. So far as our memory serves, nearly every public attempt at mesmerism in this city bas been unsatisfactory. We have heard of, and witnessed, the effecting of mesmeric sleep in private circles: but the public lectures on tbe subject, so far as practical experiments go, have been, thus far, great failures. They say Keelty cao do something. We hall see.

Terrkstrul Magnetism. Smie interesting investigations in terrestrial magnetism, made bv Profewaor Norton, tif Delaware College, l.nvs ricently been communicated to the America J-iinixl of Scieuce, which are of sufficient importance an J interest to have a more wl.Wy extcuded notice. The iht-ory of terrestrial magnetism embraced in the communication is new. According to it, every particle of matter at the surface of the earth, and to a certain depth below it, it endued with a magnetic force, acting, like the magnetic force of an electrical current, transversely to the idial line connecting the partit ls with the magnetic ne die; the intensity of which is proportional to the temperature of the partirlt. A correspondent, who writes to us respecting the investigation, says :

"This theory proves to bs adequate In thn explanation of all ths iiheuomena of ths general action tha rlh upon the magnetic needle ; and serves also with ths computation, with a ery close approximation to tho truth of the direction of tha needle, and of the intensity of ths force acting upon it over all parts of the earth. It has also achieved ths aignal triumph ol furnishing tha first rational physical explanation of all the daily variations that occur in the earth' magnetic action, by tracing them to the daily variations that occur In ihe temperature and barnidity ol the starih s snrHee. I lies investigations re veal I lie existence of unsuspected sad very interesting relations between ihe thermal and magnetic state ol the earth a surface, and show that the daily changes winch talc place in ths action ! tha earth upon iIik magnetic need I o proceed 'pri passu with the meteorological changes that occur in its vicinity. "It is certainly n novel snd beautiful result that, in the disturbed movements and changes of force of a delicately poised magnetic nnedle, ws can read the story at Iii same time of each passing change ol temprnture of ihe warm davr that steals noiaelsasly down st night, and of tha lain that falls to riss again in invisible vapor at tlm awakening touch of the rays of ths aun. In making these discoveries. Prof. Norton throws a flood of light upon much that haa always he en enveloped in ths darkness of mystery, lis reveals a field in which men of science will enter with delight; but we trust it will not bo forgotten who unbarred the sntrance-gate. It is with no little pride that we find in this age of discoveries nur own coun try furnishing a larra proportion of tha names to be hand cd down to prosperity." Iro! Houses. A young man in New York bas in vented a new mode of constructing iron h-uises, of which teh Tribune gives the following description : "It embraces a rigid frame of cast iron pillars, with other parts of sheet iron. Pillars or peculiar con . - a a . a struction are piacea at equal oisiauccs, and earn interlocks with the grinders snd cross sills, as well as the lintels, door and window frames, and all the pitrts which require to be firm, or to brace other parts. The panels are of sheet iron, as are also the floors, ceilings, and shutters for the doors and windows. To every part of the houso there is an interior and on ex tenor watt, leavjojr an air chamber between : this renders each room fire proof, and etch, if desired, may be made fire proof. The roof is also of iron, and couples to the walls and floors. ' The frame may be ornamented in the casting as the taste shall dictate, and the whole may be painted to perfection, equal to the finest fresco work. Tbe house will resist any kind of atmopphcre in-the most perfect manner, and may be turned over and back again wi'hout injury . These buildings will be more durable thin any other, and may be laken apart in a few hours, and re-put together onafnyiher site with entire facility. Having been taken apart, one may be parked 111 a small space. as the whale is in small sectional pieces, so as to be fit ted for rebuilding, and for changing the firm, or ex tending in either direction, or in the height, being so altered or added to, and without loss of any of the material of the original building' New Brunswick .Wishing to se Annexed. While one section of the country looks upon the dis union of the States as a cure fr political evils another part of the continent considers union with them a panacea for those which they arc subjected to, Canada has openly espoused a union with the United btates, Jamaica hast given several intimations of tli; kind, and now we have New Brunswick ojn-nly proposing it. There was an important debate in the New Brunswick Colonial Parliament on the 5th in stant, on the "state of the province' in the course of which Mr. End made a glowing picture of the deeolation and ruin of the country, which he attributed to the Colonial policy of the neihyr country, and openly advocated annexation to the United Stales aa the remedy. He treats the "gaggin? despatch" of the Colonial Minister as a hoax. The St. John Morning News expresses the opinion that a majority of Annexationists will be returned , to the next Parliament, and says, "the master spirit is req iired to embody the scattered opinions of the people, and to give them substance in the shape of a well defined principle, that can start, upon some broad question." Gradually, but not very slowly, the minds of the colonists are preparing for the event, which seems in evitably foreshadowed in the present discontented mutterings. Pa. Ledger. The Dead. Who can estimate the number of -the dead, since the creation of man. The mighty army would exceed all human belief. Large as the surface of the earth is, enough persons have died since the world began to cover it entirely with their gravea. Extract of a sermon. The reader is expected to take this assertion as he does what, is pronounced good sound orthodox doctrine, without questioning, or examination, but submitted to a mathematical test its absurdity is monstrous. The surface of the earth,, suppossing its diameter to be 7.921 miles, which i very nearly correct, contains 197.111.024 square miles, or 9,851, 139,927,921,600 square feet. Allowing then every grave to be tha usual size, six feet by two, and this surface is capable of burying side by sido 820 923,327,323,600 individuals. There is no data by which the population of the world since the commencement of creation can be estimated, but admitting that it .was always what it now is, which is more than can be claimed, and that each person averaged a life of thirty years, then there would bave been a population of 180.000.000,000. a number infinitely Ires than the surface of tbe earth is cabable of accommodating with space. The State of - Pennsylvania contains 47,000 square miles, or 1,308,100.800.000 square feet. Two States the sizeof Pennsylvania would be siffic';nt for the e raves of 2 19.0 17,800.000 per sons, or 3S,017,800,OCO more than the population of the world winch has existed, so that no pcron in the present generation need be in a hurry to secure hia lot for fear that be would have to lie double. Pa. Ledger. Simple Cure tor Stammering. At a recent meet ing of the Boston Society of Natural history, says a Boston paper, Dr. Warren stated a simple, easy and effectual tore of stammering, which is known to be generally a mental, and not physical defect. It is, simply at every syllable pronounced, fo tap at the same time with the finger. By so doing, tho most inveterate stammerer will be surprised to find that he can pronounce quite fluently, and by long and constant practice he will pronounce perfectly well. . Dr. Warren said that this may be explained in two ways either by a sympathetic and consentaneous action of the nerves of voluutary motion in the finger and in those of the tongue, which is the most probable; we know, as Dr. Gould remarked, that a stammerer, who cannot speak a sentence in the usual way, can articulate perfectly well when he introduces a rhythmical movement, and sings it or it may be that the movement of tbe finger distracts the attention of the indi vidual from his speech and allows a free action of the nerves concerned in articulation. Dr. Turner, of New York, says, that stammering is caused by attempts to speak with empty lungs. In .1 1 . lt!ü.J J.I singing, tne lungs are Kept wen muatea, ana mere is no stuttering. r. . 1 . 0 . . .1 The method of cure is, to require the patient to keep his lungs well filled, to draw frequent .1, to draw frequent long breaths, to speak loud, and to pause on the in staut of finding an embarrassment in his speech, tak a long inspiration before going on again. We learn that the Michigan Central Railroad proposes, if the right of way be obtained from tbe Indiana Legislature, tn construct and put in operation a railroad from Lafayette, on the Wabash river, to Michigan Citv. and ea$t to New Buffalo. If carried out, this project, would at once secure lo, Indiana a great central r.ad, north and sooth, i through the State, connecting the Fall of the Oaio' "' v . . J? . ... .

with ths Lakes, by mean ot the railroad now mafc ana will De canauiu m sustaining a ioaU 01 iws. ing fiom New Albany to Lafayette, and by the pro--The towers of support are to bo built of hydraulic poeed road round the southern extremity of Lake : masonry, surmounted with cast iron caps, which are Michigan, connecting with the railroads to New 73 feet above the roadway. The natural edvantegea York and to the Mississippi river. There is every ! of the locality are so preat, that it is estimated td probability that the Legislature will grant the rightmost much less than so large a work would in aimer. of way asked for. It would also extend the western any other bclity. It is proposed to have it so far communication with this city by opening a new chan-! completed by September that it may be opened for the nel into the heart of Indiaua. Chicago Journa7. travel gviug to the TruTincial Fair.

KCTTS OF THE If AY. The Supremo Judicial Court of Maachusetts have decided, in the case r f .M .renn J rdan v. Fall River Railroad Company, 'hat the C ..:pMij is l.sble for a trunk Kt or stolen, snd for eiirvi valuable articles contained in it aa may be nni!erid connected with personal appar-!, surh aa a witrii and chain, and f:r so much luoriry as may lie considered necessary lo the traveling expene, but nol for large sums of money or merciiandize thus carried, unites specially notified. Vandalism axd Sackhere. Some person, on the evening of Saturday weik. rtiivrt-d St. James Church, St. Johns, Lake Cuamplain, under the charge of the Rev. Charles Bancroft, rec'or, and removed a monument therein erected by the officers of the 82J Regiment in memory of Mr. Perry of the same regiment, carried it into the pravevard and t' en broke it in

pieces. . A regard of 82iH) is offered bv the members of the church for the discovery of the offenders. Homestead Law ix New Vrk. The Now York Legislature has enacted a malead lair. This, to borrow the language of the Albany Journal, is truly an enlightened and philanthropic measure, whose inuuences will be wholesome and salutary. It will stimulate mechanics and laborint men to lay aide enough from their earnings to purchase a homestead. yr he may do so with the assurance that, whatever of adversity or muforune betide him, his family will be forever secure of a home. An Important Question. The question whether minister may charge from the pulpit one of the church members with crime, and read the icdividnal ut of church, without being liable to the civil law, has been decided in the affirmative bv the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. The action wns one for slander, brought by a female again?! the minister, for accusing her publicly of violating the 6Pvenlh com mandment. The Court decided that the minister was only performing his duty as instructed by the church. Onto and Pennsylvania Eailkoad. WV have Ion med by a despatch received yesterday from Pi iladelpliia, that the bonds of the cities of Pittsburg and Alleeheny, appropriated by Councils for a subscription to the stock of the Ohio and Pennsylvania Railrond, have all been aatisfactorily disposed of. The cities snbfcribed $200,000 each, making a total $100 000, the realisation of which ss above anhounccd will insure the prompt and effective prosecution of the work upon this important line of improvement. Pittsburg Journal, April 11. According to a letter in the New York Commercial Advertiser, the whole line of submarine telegraph from Dover to Calais will be completed before the first of May, and a telegraphic communication immediately established between London and Pris. The wire is to be inclosed in a stout cable, which is to be kept by weights st the bottom of the channel. Buoys at short distances will always indicate where it is. and make it comparatively easy to take it up for repairs. The whole is to cost only about ninety thousand dollars. Romance asp Re a litt. The Trenton (N. J.) Gazette has received a letter from a printer in Honolulu, who went to California in Col. Stevenson's regiment, in which he remained till the war waa over, then took to publishing the Californian, abandoned that business, sailed for China, was wrecked at Honolulu, was taken to favor by a chief, married his daughter, and is now one of the first citizens of the village. Ha Is perfectly contented with his pituttion, and is thinking of agitating the project of the annexation of his Hawaaian Majesty's dominions to the United States. The Wheat Chop. The newspaper representations respecting the forthcoming wheat crop, in Uhio, Westeru New York, Indiana, Michigan, and all the States bordering on tho lakes, are uniformly favorable unless we except the Northern portion of Illinois, where the winter wheat has received considerable iijury from the open weather. In Michigan it is predicted that if nothing occurs toare the present prospects, the crop will be double that of last year. As to this State, the BufTalo Commercial Advertiser says, reports from all the farming sections give flatttrinsr accounts of the prospects for a large crop. N. Y. Jour. Com. fT-Tiie Maysville eraichrouiclea the following tougb one : A horse, which fell overboard from a steamboat in the Ohio river, some twelve miles above Cincinnati, in the night, was found in the water eight days afterwards, with his head on a slab, still alive, and be. ing rescued by some Germans actually recovered his strength, and was subsequently sold for $120. Our informant entertained no doubt that the horse had been in the water during the whole eight days. Minister Expelled. The Methodist Episcopal Conference, at Philadelphia, sat two days wilh closed H doors on the case of the Rev. William R. Genrner, charged with attempting to seduce one Mrs. Morton, a married lady of Lancaster county. Pa. The Rev. gentleman, it appears, had previously been tried by a committee of preachers, who pronounced him guilty, whereupon the presiding elder caused his suspension. He appeab'd, and brought the matter before the conference, which body has confirmed the charge, and disowned all further connection with the accused. Mrs. Kemble's Comedt. It is rumored, says ths New York Mirror, that there is some doubt of Mr. Kemble's Comedy being produced, as the sulject, and the manner of treatment -would, it is feared, be hardly agreeable to extremely fastidious ta-tes. The cene of the comedy is laid in France; and it relates to the early days of Richelieu, whose morals were not the most pure in the world. The principal incident of the piece, or one of the principal incidents, is a bet made by' Richelieu, that he would seduce the first woman he meets; and she happens to be the wife of the nun with whom tho bet was made. The OrtUM Tade. Notwithstanding the Chinese government has for forty years endeavored to arrest the traSick in his demoralizing drug, it was never in a more thriving condition than at the present moment. Tho treaty concluded with England, by which the island of Hong Kong was ceded to tho British and five of the principal Chinese cities were thrown open to British trade has aff.rded increased facilities for its successful prosecution. It is stated by Nathan Allen, M. D., who has just prepared a pamphlet presenting a comprehensive view of the trade aa carried on at the present time, in India and China, that more than 50,000 cheats are now annually shipped to China, taking off in return thirty-five millions of dollars. According to tho most recent intelligence the sale will reach 60,000 chests, the present year. Di9GB.ACE.ruL Scene ir the Senate. We call attention to our telegraphic reports of yesieruay'a doings in Congress. Those who have carefully noted the progress of the misunderstanding between Col. Benton and Gen. Foote. from its origin to the present time, will appreciate correctly the various personal merits of the case, without any expression from us. In using the term "distract ful" in relation to this scene, we desire the word to have full force; but we at the same time discriminate between the innocent and the guilty. We are assured that no man of sense and spirit, can mistake in a proper application of tbe word lo the right man. If the enemies of Col. Benton desire to make him president, they are taking the right course to do it. 0. Statesman. A Berlin paper states, that there ia in Russia a place called Annerdale, where a most singular custom exists. Every ten years the awful scenes of ths crucifiction are enacted by the villagers. Some are dressed to represent soldiers and Jews, aome as Pharit . j 1:1.1 ..... s I sees, inu iiiatir liicii. wuiucu bmu .wuuhii rtaiais ' .... i rouno " xnm c7,w" J -pecwiors, vw... n in inree CrOSes lis uaucu ijjjui- tu na a, aiiu me irci kneel women who represent the Marys. The whole scene is gone through with in all its details, and lasts all day. This very singular performance, which has been kept up since the middle ages, is announced to take place again in the month of June, of this year, and strangers are invited to witness it. ' The largest Suspension Bridge in one clear space in the world is that now being built across the Niagara to connect LewHtown and lJueentowo. It will be 1,042 feet between the points of support, the roadjsy will be 75 feet above tho water, 19 feet wide, 1 -ii l. Li. . r : i,. j r Qnrt .