Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 45, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 April 1850 — Page 2

3uMaim State Sentinel. tf tlltl VICILASCE IS THE HICK OF LtST-BTT. INDIANAPOLIS. APISH, 11, IgSO. Onr Tiimj. The following will hereafter be he permanent terms of the Wt'k y Indiana Statt Sentinel: CrPayment to be rade ilways in advance. Oneccpy, one year, $2.00 Thre copies, one vear, 5.00 Five copies, one year, 8.00 One copy during the session, 5 Ten copies, in club, one vear, 15.00 Semi-Weekly. (Published three times a week during the session.) One copy, 1.00 J Three copied, glO.OO One copy during the session, 1.U0 ll i a per 9 will be stopjied at the end of the term paid for, unless the subscription is renewed, except ! those with whom we have other unsettled business r rcounts. Any person sending us a club of ten. with cash, at i!e rate of 1.60 each, shall have a copy gratis for one year. For a greater number than ten, the gratuiy shall be increased in proportion. All postmasters are requested to act as agents, and n such, by a recent decision or the department, they re authorized to frank letters for the benefit of mitHwriber. TERMS FOR ADVERTISING PATENT MEDICINES. To prevent em ruio) and In save lime, we Mal our terms for advrri.finf Patent Medicine, vis : Fifty cents per sq-iara in the semi-weekly edilioa for the fint in. reriion.and tweiilt 0e rents per square fc each eiihsrqnenl inscriwwi, when lor not' less Ihaa tbte months. Over Ihre notitbs.SO rents per ifwra ft the lim. and 99 cent per square lur earn rah-tpw-nt innertinn. F.aca advertisement will bave at lea a one insertion In lit Weekly without additional coel Fi Insertions in lb Weekly continuously, doubl Ibe above pi ire i. Cuts, when agreed in h inserted, will be c harmed double tr Ihn p. vc lUej occupy. Eight lines of Nonpareil, or 830 tun, count a qua re. To Correspondent. II. F Terre Haute. The Mod-gh," $50, u duly received and acknowledged, old b'lioy. Keep tha "filings out of yoor ee. O.K. VV. W.t Oreencastte. Cne'e Sura's mail, if it do at get any worst, which i ncit to is possible, will reply to yours. Send Xht boya lo the poat office at Greeneaatl and Rasselville, and Veep that "hair rolling. LB. N., Chesterfield, lnd. Ton will consider na under obi igatioat for yoar fine list of subscribers. VYe cannot refrain from making an extract or two from your letter, because it conveys more than One lesson, moral and democratic, which every reader can apply. "I send yon the names of eleven new subaerlbars, and with tlirm. fifteen dollars in money. YVehav succeeded in making ap our rlub, though it was with tome difficulty, I mm the y demreal in fawn, known as such ; and there are but few in the township. Whn I rt received yoar pronpecfa, I thoaent I could nut succeed in making np a rlub ; trough I commenced and got a few signers' names. But happening to leava the pruspccttis on my counter, soma rmart whig. I presume, came in and tore off the nauies. In a few days a'ter tht-re came in a person who wihe. to lake yoar paper, 1 then made a search for the prospectus, but rould not find it, and I have not seen it since. So I suppose it ra alo destroyed. I then concluded to double wy diligent, and tn raise a club, if there wer democrats enough in tl:a towiiphip 1 do so. I then tern-minced in etretst, and related thecirrnmstance uf t'ie destruction of the prospectus. Alter making this mctter known, I had no Iroul le in petting n.me. If I can f et any more subscriiiera, I ball do m; believing that it will strengthen our party, and much mar the happiness of the whigs; for your paper takes some l.uoipi oT th.ni, and gives the world a peep at ihr corruption." There, boys, is a genuin democrat! A ad tc can saftty say, one who has set an example worthy to la followed. Who will do it f Speak !) at once !" Thanks again to friend N., and with oar prayers, his shadow shall never be less.

From I lie Mediterranean. Italian Dancing. A private letter to us, dated Genoa, Feb. 9, 19T0, says "The going, and expectation of going to Balls, j occupies a great deal of time and attention. I have ! been to three balls at the "IntendenteV (Governor's.) ai.d one given by the Casino, which is a society in their Club building, one of the many palaces in Genoa, which have been turned lo different uees from those for which they were originally intended. Thee are the principal public balls in Genoa, and all the firl class people attend tbem. I am very sure they woaid make the majority of Hoosierdom open their eves in astonishment. I also attended a bill given by the Russian Consul General's family. It of course was a private ball, and I enjoyed myself mere at il, than all the rest put together. I do not know whether you have got as far in the Juicing line, in the western wilds of America as they have here, but I suppose not. The dances which are in vogue here now are the Waliz, Tolka, Polka Manuka, and Ccntra-dances. There are two different waltzes, one called the "Deux temps," the other the Trois temps,' or the two-step and three-step waltzes. The two-step is the latest, and of course the most fashionable. I dance all of the dances which I have mentioned a little, but not very well as I am a new beginner. The last dance, which always breaks up the ball, is the German cotillon." Ebcption or MocaT Vesuvius. From another Liter dated at Genoa, Feb. 25, 1950, we extract the following : 'You may have heard, before this letter reaches yoM, of the last eruption of Vesuvius, which occurred a short time ago. A stream of lava was thrown out, thirty feet high, a mile wide, and six miles long. .Several American officers, belonging to our vese!s in Naples, went up the mountain to witness the eruption, and one of them, C. C. Bayard, passed midshipman, lot his arm by a stone that was thrown up. He was nt expected to live for some time, but I believe is recovering. The Naples correspondent of the London Daily News, writing on the 12th ultimo, says : "For a week we have enjoyed the most splendid eruption which has taken place for many years. The ashes have been carried as far, we know, as twenty mles, and no doubt much further. The lava descends in two streams upon Ottajaoo, where it has destroyed a palace and much land belonging to a nobleman of that name, and another towards Torn deli Annunziata, while the flames and the immense masses of rock which are ejected, form at night a terrific spectacle. The roaring of the mountain on Saturday night last, was such as to disturb the whole country for miles round, and here in Naples our windows shook with very repetition of it, which was unceasing night and dny. Immense crowd, of course, walked over to the other side of the bay to get a nearer view ; religious processions are moving about for the intercession of the Madorni and Ihe saints; and it is said that the Pope is to perform some ceremonial to cause the mountain to stay its ruinous proceeding. I am sorry to add that the accidents to those who went over have been very sad. 'On Saturday night i young Pole was struck in the by a burning stone, which cut through the limb, and he died on the mountain from loss of blood. A young American officer was struck in the arm, which hang suspended by a bit of flesh. On his arrival in Naples he had lost so much blood that an amputation rould not take place, and as no reaction has i:p to this time taken place, it Is not expected that he can live. A gens d'arme is al reported killed, and two men who had fallen a sacrifice to the eruption, were said to have been buried yesterday at Porlici. Some anxiety has been felt for an Englishman and his wife, who had not. returned from a visit o the mountain ; and vet crowds roll on night and day to see this wonderful phenomenon. From the neighborhood of the mountain all the inhabitants have fled, and the powder from the magazine at Torre, has been removed.' P. S. Midshipman Bayard, above mentioned, died, and was buried at Naples on the 20 h Fb. He was a son of ex-Senator Bayard of Delaware. He bled profusely for GO hours when an amputation was or dered, which resulted in lock-jaw and death. His funeral was attended by all the Americans in Naples, and by one good Englishman, who came in his car risge and followed to the burial ; no Italians, and no military escort sent by the King, or permitted from the squadron. They were fearful of American soldiers. Earthquake. A very secsible shock of an earthquake was experienced here on Thorviay evening last, April 4ih, at about 8 o'clock, P. M. C$r-The bill to sbolish capital punishment in Ohi'i, which passed the Senate, was defeated in Ihe Ilnoee.

The American Usios.-The London Times takes a very correct view of the inherent strength of the American Union, when it says, The maintenance f the integrity of the Union is to the people of the Uniled States very like what the maintenance of the British Constitution is to ourset vc. A hundred timet over, in the jargon f partie, or the heat of bailie, th Union has b':en dissolved, and the son of the C institution ha set for ever. Eut though this catastrophe is denounced as t'.c inevi'able result of every grand contest, in the one country as in the other in the Federal Ropublie and in the Constitutional Monarchy uch results Would be equally unwelcome and alarming to every party in the State. The Americans use great licence in what we must call amicable hoetilitj; they fight wiii each other in all the ardor of domestic imssloti; but they have too livily a scii?e of the incalculable advantages tl(ey derive from thejr Union to sacrifice' that gnat political Tower to any accidents of occasional warfare. Nothing is more remarkable, or more creditable lo the American people, than the fact that, in spite of their reckless and bold character, their wide and numerous divisions, and their unlimited freedom, tlu'se States have remained at peace witli each other since the declaration of independence. That is more than can be said of any other Confederation Known to history. The Greek States nf antiquity waged continual war on each other; the Italian States of the middle ages were in- spable of a league; even in our own day wc have seen onethird of the Swiss cantons subdued by an army of their confederates; and the Germanic Confederation presents a mtlancholy picture of an edifice in ruins. The Uni ed States alone have retained the sacred deposit of their national peace inviolate, under the sanction of a common respect for a supreme authority. That i. their rheif strength and their chief glory. From the aggression or hostility of European Towers they have nothing to fear; but if ever i.'ie evil time should come when local interests or passions prevsil over the public law, and a disruption of the Union should cntu, it is not too much tn predict that the whole face of the North American continent would be changed, the habits and necessities of war would predominate over those of peace, the institutions which now suit the people would become impossible or insufficient, and the New World would in time exhibit but a melancholy parody of the follies and errors which have so long afflicted the older inhabitants of mankind.

Death of Dr. Sanders. The remains of this well known citizen, arrived in this city yesterday on the railroad cars. He bad been on a visit South for bis health, and died on his return voyage by steamboat near New Madrid. lie was about 58 years of age, and had practiced medicine in this viciuity about 3D year. Of course ho had endeared himself to a large circle of friend, for whom he had labored and sympathised while in sickness and in health, and who will lament the decree which severs the ties which bound him to earth. A large concourse of friends, including the medical faculty attended the removal of the deceased from the Depot to his late residence. His bereaved wife, who accompanied him on his journey, ia detained by Ulna at Madison. We deeply sympathise with his near relatives in their oCliction. .tr-The Washington correspondent of the Ta. Ledger, under date of March 3, writes Senator Bright is setting an example of patriotism to his Northwestern colleagues, by using every effort to procure a rational compromise. Though instructed to vote for the Wilmot Proviso, he will have nothing to do with it, and there ii no doubt now but that his State will sustain him. The change in Michigan is as complete, and more so than in Indiana. Gen. Cass will undoubtedly conceive himself relieved from his instruction. If nothing disturbs the present harmony of Congress, any bill which a compromise committee shall report to the Senate will pass that body, and receive a majority of from twenty lo thirty in the House of Representatives. I know that this will be called sanguine, but we shall see whether the fact will not agree with my predictions. ' Ohio Election. The Ohio Statesman of the 4th, gives returns from 27 counties, which show gains br the democrats, of 10, and by the whigs, of 4 ; in all 31 democrats, and 14 whigs. The Statesman says 'If the Democrats hold their own in other parts of the State, or gain in one half the ratio that we have done so far os heard from, we will hare a controlling majority in the Convention. But if we do not have, the signs are that the rotten-hearted, old, un progressive federal party of Ohio will be done for, and Ihe cause of equality in taxation will flourish in the new Constitution. The friends of 'bank exemption,' 'corporate exclusion, Special privileges, and the 'favored few, known by the once honored, but by them often disgraced cognomen of Whigs hang their heads pretty low about this hour.' O-The Wctumpka (Aia.) State Gazette, democrat, thus opens an article on the official conduct of Jeremiah Clemens, one of the United States Senators from that State : "The more we witness of the actions of this imbe cile and disreputable individual, the more contemDt we entertain for him and greater do we think the disgrace on the fair fame and credit of Alabama. All our readers are aware of the treachery and falsehoods used by him in l.is election at Montgomery, and by the whigs of this State, combined with a few democrats, who had not Ihe firmness to resist the influence of their drunken associations." OThe N. Y. Post winds up an article upon Webster's speech, thus "We leave Mr. Webster's speech here. It is sordidly timorous, and temporizing in spirit, and, if the report we have of it be not a perfect caricature, deplorably feeble in argument. He bad an opportunity of replying nobly tu Mr. Calhnun, and of taking grouud upon which he might stand with the port and altitude of a leader in this great battle of opinion. He prefers to 6tand by the baggage-wagons." Ex-Gov. Armstrong of Mass., died a few days since at Boston. On the day of his death he was in apparent good health went home alter attending a Missionary meeting in the afternoon about six o'clock, and after a few moment's conversation with his lady, suddenly fell to the floor and expired. His age was about CG; disease of Ihe heart is supposed to be the cause. Connecticut Elections. The whig give it up that the democrats have it all their own wiy. There is no choice of State officers by the people, but the democrats have carried the Senate certainly and the Houee probably. This will enable them to elect their candidate for Governor, Thomas II. Seymour, and also a United Stales Senator in place of Gov. Baldwin, who retires in March, 1351. 07-Thos. Spooner, who recently left Cincinnati for California, via New Orleans, in a letter to Ihe Enquirer complains bitterly of the ill-treatment of passengers on the steamer Falcon, which belongs to the line between New Orleans and Havana. He advises every body to go round even Cape Horn, rather than risk themselves to the tribulations of the Falcon line. We see from the LitVe Rock Drmncrat that eflorts arc making to erect a cotton factory at that place. Ten thousand dollars additional subscriptions were wanted to justify the commencement of operations. OTho Homestead Exemption Bill, introduced into the Lrgiklati'.re of New York, by Mr. Smith, of Rochester, proposes to fix the valuation of the real estate exempted at $1,CC0. The anti-Benton men of St. Louis gavo only about C00 votes out of C0O0, though that was enough to beat the regular democratic ticket. (rDr. Wtn. A. Al has resigned the station of Superintendent of the Ohio Lunatic Asylum. Number of interments at New Orleans for week ending 231 lt., 231, of which 140 died of cholera.

Congressional. Washington, Aoril 5th. Senate. The consideration of Mr. Bell's resolutions was resumed. Mr. Sliiel Is addressed the Seuate upon the Slavery question. He said he had been instructed by the Legislature to vote for the Wilmot Provis , and he felt bound to oWy. He believed C mgrcs bad entire power over slavery in the territories, in the District of Columbia, and everywhere, except w'jere restricted by the Constitution. He was opjxmed to Foote's proposition for a select committee. Thought it would d' n good, and that the grievances of the South were more imaginary than real. He expressed strong confidence that the good sense and integrity of the people would preserve the Union. Ha expressed himself in favor of the admission of California as a simple act of justice t her pnple. He contended that slavery whs abolished in California and New Mexico. lie expretwd his decided belief that Texas had no claim

to any portion of New Mexico. He repudiated Ihe idia of an equilibrium of th States. The North would never submit that one foot of free American soil shall be made slave territory. Air. Meson nude some lengthy remarks in favor or stHverr in lern.ories. so lontr as iiiev remain ierritories to the United States. He maintained that the federal relation of California was that of a terri tory, nothing elsj. H mut say that he did not think the Constitution of California worth the parchment upon which it was engrossed. If it was to be maintained at the expense of the rights guaranteed to the South, such were the feeling nf the Southern people, that just as cheerfully as they would come into the union would they go out of it. He called upon Senators to pause before they decided to bring in the new State against the protest of every Niutliern man with its present boundaries and Constitution. He desired her early admission, but with suitable boundaries. The Vice President Ftaied the question of Baldwin's amendment, excepting from the prooailion to refer Bell's resolutions to select c-mmitlee on question of admission of California. Mr. Underwood said he would appeal against the amendment. Mr. Butler appealed to the mijority not to force California into the Union. Mr. CIny expressed regret at feelings of distress evinced. He was in favor of a motion for a select committee, not with the confidence expressed by many, but in Ihe conviction tint if it done no good it will do no evil. He was willing to vote for California either as an independent measure or in connection with measures for the good of the territories. He was oppo-ed to Ihe amendment. Mr. Benton rose and supported his proposition in favor of the admission of California as a separate measure, but gave way fir adjournment. The Senate then adjourned till Monday. The House was engaged all day on the private calendar. Fourteen private bills were passed. Mr. Calhoun. The National Intelligencer - thus announced the decease of Mr. Colhoun. Its remarks will be generally assented to: " In the death of Mr. Calhoun one of the brightest lights of the confederacy has rone out. However widely a vast majority of the nation may, at timeit, have differed from Calhoun in his views of govern ment, they have ever accorded lo him great ability and unquestionable candor and courage, in advancing and maintaining hn principles. Mr. Calhoun's private life was one of spotless pu rity. In social life he hnd no superior, and very few equals. His conversational powers were extraordi nary. His manners were fascinating; and his pow er over his friends and over all brought under his in nuence, was almost irresi6tib!c. His heart was as genial as his own Southern sky. But the easle-eye is quenched in darkness. The subtle mind has cut through its moral casing and the warm heart lies pulseless in death. South Carolina has lost the crown of her glory. She will mourn like a comfortless mother over the irreparable loss of her brilliant son. The entire South has lost a champion of her rights, who loved her to idolatry, and who may be said, indeed, to have sacrificed his life in behalf of her sup posed interests. The most ultra of Mr. Calhoun's political opponents cannot gainsay his devotion to his southern home. Their judgment cannot be worse than this: "He loved not wisely, but too well." The nation has lost in Mr. Calhoun, a brilliant ornament a model man and statesman. His errors will be forgotten, his genius will be admired, and his personal worth revered. His pure, spotless and brilliant life stands- nut as a beacon for our youth, and the sublimity of his career, when animated by a brave, self relying heart, and illustrated by the virtues of Christianity. Daniel Webster fishing for Compliments. We find the following in tho'Washington Union of March 1 29: j The last Philadelphia Bulletin publishes a long lot- ; ter from Commodore Stockton, which was called forth by the following noie from Mr. Webster : I Wahhisctow, Feb, 21, ISM. ! Mr DEAa Sia: I send to you, as an old friend, a copy of my late speech in the Senate. It relates to a subject quite interesting to the country, as connected with the question of proper governments for those new Territories I which you had an important agency in bringing under the i power of the United States. I would hardly auk your opinion of the general senti- . ments of the speech, although 1 know you area very competent judge; that, being out of the strife of politics, your judgment is not likely lo be biased, and that you I hat e a great a stake as any man in the preservation of ; the Union, and the maintenance ot the government on its true principles. 1 am, dear sir, with great respect. Yours, DANL. WEBSTER. Commodore Stockto. Commodore St ckton's reply fills nearly four and a half columns, and it is decidedly liberal towards the ! South. He reprobate?, with a master spirit, the in terference of the abolitionists with her peculiar institution. He recommends, in the strongest terms, the non-intervention principle, both in the Territories and in the District of Columbia ; and 2. The most efficient act that can be framed to enlorce the provisions ot the constitution in relation to fugitive slaves. 3. That California, in consideration of the peculinr circumstances of tier case, be admitted without Ihe approval or disapproval of tbat part of her constitution which rotates to slavery. 1 believe these three propositions, carried out, would settle the question forever. They involve no concessions, no compromise; Ihey are no temporary expedient. They put the solution of the difficulty upon the eternal principles of right, the law of the constitution. DisrjMiox. The N. Y. Journal of Commerce of the 18th inst. says, an intelligent lawyer residing in the interior of Alabama, writing to an intimate northern friend, a merchant of that city, after speak ing of the bright prospect of things at the south at the present time, says: "There is nothing in the political horizon to cloud this prospect. The hubbub in Congress canuot have that effect. A great deal of what has been said there, is mere "sound and fury, signifying nothing." lou may depend upon it, there is no danger of disunion. The attachment of the Southern people to the Union, and the strong sense of justice among the people of the North, will overcome the wild schemes of the fanatics of both sections. In spite of all that can be said or done by the people of either section, Slavery u i'l go where slave labor is profitable, and it cannot be driven where it is not. "Nature has fixed the boundaries of slavery North America; and there is political sagacity enough amongst us to ascertain those boundaries, and to set' tie the question which now agitates the country, ac cordingly. Both sections of the country will gladly concur in such a settlement; and the glories of freesoilcrs on the one hand, and the glories of a Southern Confederacy on the other, will be heard of no more forever. One of the trongept indications of the confidence of the Sou ihern people in the stability of the Union, is the fact tnat, in the face of the high excitement in Washington, (an excitement which prevails nowhere ele.) the price of slaves is constantly advancing throughout the Southern country; the price at this moment is higher than it has been within the last ten years "If a dissolution of the Union were seriously apprehended, neither the present, nor the anticipated, high price f cotton, would prevent a rapid decline in the value of slave. "This correspond with the opinion we have enter tsioed all along, notwithstanding the turmoil at Washington (7-Some communication are necessarily deferred.

FOHEIGN-HUM'S. IT tHC STEAMSHIP I.VROPJI. Austria and IIunoarv. Five columns of the Pest h Zeitung are filled with sentences cast by the Court Martial, upon perrons who hive been compromised in the late Hungarian revolution. All sentence! of death have liecn commuted to terms of imprisonment in iron-, for a p-rio of 12 o 10 years. An oveifl w of tht Danube rau-ed immense ihjury to Hungary, especially in Comoro, Raab and the Tn a? par distrxts. Fifteen tuoivtod persons have ta ken refuse at Raab in the ;rett st destituii u. Gf.k.many. At the opciiiiiir of the Ciamber, the King of WiriembTg d-clart-d that the Unitarian : state of Germany will be n:hinf but chimera, and, I ho t if attempted to be carried out, it wou'd lead to a separation of Germany i' lf. It is reported that a Congrefs of German sovereigns will be held April, at D.-eedeti, to hold council on the German matters. fhe Emperor of Austria and the King of Bavar.a, ' Hanover and Saxony will bo present. ; Denmark and the Duchies Advice from Berlin ' state that Gen. Ronch has returned from his mi-siun j to the Duchies of Schleswig Holstein. He has failed ! in his objects, and an understanding is farther off, than ever. Prussia. Advices from Berlin informs us that negotiation between the Courts of Austria and Prussia for a definition of the C institution for the Central Government of Germany, have entirely failed. r rance. 1 he news from Tans of Tuesday and Wednesday was of a more tranquil character than for some days past, and all appearance of an erneute are at an end. Commercial. Corn in some instances slightly adadvanced ; White 27s to 2Ti ß 1. Yellow 23 to 2 5 9d. The better nutlitie of flour are m-re in de mand ; Western Canal 2021; Bilt: 22; Rio Cffee of pod and fine ordinary quality is n w worth 47s to 52s per cwt. Sugar has slightly declined; Porto Rico cummincs 36 GJ to.!vJ'. Provisions Boef atendy and prices firm; new Ei'ern Pork meets ready sale at full prices; Bacon sales of a retail character; Hams decreased in prices and demand. Lard is in limited demand at a decline. Cheese of fine quality commands full prices. Inferior receded one to two sh. Mings. Carolina Kice 13 Od to 20s; To bacco prices unchanged, sales small. Later from California. New York, April 5. The Cherokee arrived from Chagrcs this morning, bringing San Francisco dates to the 1st of March, nd nearly two millions of dollars in gold dust; the dry season having commenced in the diggings, which had given an impulse to buMneos. Flic teamers Oregon and Tennessee had arrived at Panama. A large fire occurred at Chagres on the night of the .Jod of March, wh.cli destroyed the greatest part of the town. Sin Francisse M 'tritt. Amorican Flour $10; Catile 20 per head; Lumber 1.75 to 1.80; Pork 2G to 27; Mess Beef $12 to 15; Braudy $3 per case. The ship Europa, and the brig Jane Pierce, from Philadelphia, the brig Osprey, and Amazon, from Baltimore, had arrived at San Francisco. Important Decision. In Albiny on Wednesday of last week, Mr. James LolliiJN, was awarded a verdict of eleven thousand dollars damages in an action aainnt the Albany and Schenectady Railroad Com pany for injuries sustained by him iu a collision be tween two trains of the company on the 5lh of No vember, 1819. " Fiom the testimony in the case," sas the rcpoit of the ease in the Albany Jouiad, " it apears that, on the morning of ihe 3d of November, 1S43, the defendants sent two liains el cars west, the fust nf which trains left Albany about fif teen minnte befoie the other. That the plaintiff tick pas sage rn ihe nrst ol s-n I tiain. After tney had proceeded om ten milss fiom Ihe city, tome of the machinery became so much cisarianged that the engineer stopped the tiain to fix it. hen the Irani stopped some -I the pjsseDgei left (he cats; Ihe plaintilTsaiv several peis-m tun bark fmm ihe track and the waiving of hands a if lo prevent fie approach of some pern or thing. The plaintiff then left his seat iu tht car, wei t lo the other end, pascd ont of the door on to platfuim. At that moment the ti sin from Albany, which left fifteen minutes afier, ca ne up with 0 much fo.ee that the plitfoimi freie demolished, and the last car in the firt tiaiu wss iluowo from the track. At the time of the collisi in the plaintiff's foot was caught and cioshed so as t dnable bim for life i he was otherwise injured. After the accident he wjb rariied to Schenectady, where medical aid was procured, and all tbat could be done by the defendants or their agents to render bis situation as comfortable as possible. The plain tiff claimed damages on the ground of carelessness in the management of the two ttains. In answer theitto, the defendants proved tbat the machines were perfect, so much so that they weis entirely safe; that lha grade was apt that the defendant endeavored to picvent the collision by an effoit to reverse toe motion of the engine and ue of the brakes. Tbat the plaintiff, by the lules of the toad, had no busimss to be on Ihe pUtfoim, ami ibat he had admitted to the Piciident of the defendant that if he had kept bis seat in the car he would not have been hint; that he was not alarmed, but went oat 00 the platform to see what was the matter wi:b the engine." Dividends. What a depth of raeaniut? is involvi ed in this word ! The banks receive Eix per cent. interest per aunurn on nearly the whole circulating medium, and the total amount of the dividends received by the stockholders munt of course be enormous. What relation have all these dividends with production? The earnings of the railroad and manufacturing companies are very great. But wo will not continue this enumeration. Wo will notice, however, that stock of this character is increasing every day, as the Legislature makes little or no difficulty in granting charters. The day it approaching when the 6um of all the dividends yearly receivable by the stockholders in incorporated companies will be equal to the yearly produce of oil the labor in the State! And that day is approiching more rapidly than thopc most interested seem to think. When that day arrives, the laborers will be entirely depend ent upon tho charity of the stockholders, who receive the whole yearly income of the State. Such will be the result of the neglect, of that mutuality which is involved in the formula of 1-ibor ! The yearly income of the State will be divided by the corporations among the stockholders; the welfare of the stockholders will depei-d therefore, upon the organization of corporations. But upon what will the corporations depend 1 They are artificial creations of the Legislature, and depend, therefore, by necessity, on the action of the Legislature. Upon what does the action of the Legislature depend ! It de pends upou the people. The circle is complete. The laborers will be at the mercy ot the stockholders, the fato of the stockholders will depend upon that of the corporations, the corporations will be at the mercy of the Legislature, and the votes of the Legislature depend upon that of the people and the laborers will then, even more than now, form the immense majority of voters. Thus the Legislature, through the corporations, will distribute the reward of labor, thus the principle of distribution will be divorced from all relation with that of production; and the majority of the people will control the Legislature. Madison Courier. Death of John M. Barrett, Esq. It becomes our melancholy duty to record the death of John M. Barrett, who breathed his laat at his father's residence in Dublin on Saturday hist, at the early age of 25. He had lor several years been laboring under a slight pulmonary affection, which although not immediately dangerous was threatening and troublesome when lat Spring, under the advice of physicians, he concluded to visit the South. Before leaving Cincinnati be engaged with a firm in that city, who were collecting matter for a Gazetteer, to procure certain statistical information for them in South Carolina. Soon after his advent into the State he was so unfortunate as to fall under Ihe suspicion of the authorities as an abolition eioissnry from the North, engaged in disseminating abolition tracts and documents. On this suspicion e was arrested at Greenville, and thrown into prison, where he remained several months; and when finally liberated on bail, he returned home, the very ghont of hi former self broken down in spirit and a fatal disease seated and gnawing at his vitals. Long confine ment in a damp and unwholesome prison, want of exercise, and, above all, the chafing of a noble spirit under wrong and injustice bad well nigh completed the work commenced by disease, and he was barely allowed time to return home, to Uli his friends of his entire innecence of the charge that had been alleged against him and then to lie down quietly in the bosom of home, and render up his spirit to Him who gave it anothor victim to the dark and bloody spirit of Slavery, whose path is strewn with human lives and crushed hopes and bleeding affections, and the fearful arzregatiou nf every human wo and misery. A'eto Cfise Courier. Mabkcts. Considerable changes are made in our prices current, to which the attention of those inter estcd is directed.

To llic Directors :mt Stockholders ofl

the Central i'luntt ltoml Company. Cestlem es : As vur presiding officer, the dutv de volves upon me to make this lliu first annual report of the proceedings ot the Company. The charter incorporating ilm Cenirnl Plunk Road Company became a law January ICih, I4l). Agreeable to iu provisions, the commissioner therein appointed 1 1 imni.rliMt.'v nta nmi-i llial limilia fi.r ilia ubucrinlion ! w ..I -1 rw- L- ; .,A r... 1. 1 n .1 ..rl nf' th. most buboes, ph.ee. along the lino of the eontemoUted road t 1 .1 . 1 . h was soon ascertained that uw.i.g to sever,! ohjeclionable features in the charter, that but a l.m.ted amount of stock could be obtained, although (he commissioners, with great liberality, proposed lo Uke a stock, labor and materials as well as cash, and filed a sum merely nomi- j oa I as the advance payment at the lima of subscribing. Yet undei these facilities for taking stock, such were J the obji-ctions to the charter by some, and doubts as to its utility and productiveness by others, by the persevering industry ol the friei that it was only riends of the men sure that curing the ninety Ujt ine books remained open, that sufficient stock was stibücribed to authorize the commissioners to ordi-r an election ol directors, which election was lo-IJ at the "Washington Hall" in Indianapolis, on the 18th day of April, 1649, according to notice given. The Hoard of Director orghnized by electing James Blake, Kq , 1'resirieiu, V. II. Morrison, Secretary, and Thos. II. Sharp, Treasurer. The stock commisnioucrs reported the following amount of stock a subscrihed, ti-wit : in cash, labor, and materials, $30,000. Willi this limited amount of means, niu'-h ol which only avuilabte at disconnected points along the road, the Hoard prudently determined to confine their oper-ilion tu such portions only ot the road as would ennble them to repair and complete the first sis miles west ol Indianapolis,! by lha provisions of the charter they could then erect a gute and make available the part thus finiiilied. The cuustiuction and repair of the aforesaid six miles of road were pticed in charge of President Clake, who, with his usual industry and perseverance, commenced operations immediately, with the eapecmiion of completing Ihe same by ihe first of September. But owing to the failure of the contractors to deliver the plank, and the limited means at Iii command of the Prexident, and many other difficulties incident to works of this character, the first six miles wen not, though nearly, completed until the 1 1 lit of October, when Mr. Biake resigned his oflice of President and Director. I was by the partiality of your Hoard elected ita President, and took charge ol that portion of ihe road under construction and repair west of Indianapolis. Though the season was far advanced, and the farther progress of ihe road was somewhat difficult, yet the importance of its immediate completion was such th it it tat was thought best to do it, although some additional ex pense might be incurred therebv. On the 27lli day of October, the 6rst six miles west nf Indianapolis was completed, a toll-gate erected, and I appointed A. W. Fuqua, gate-keeper. The cost of this portion of road had far exceeded our former estimates, and upon accounting with the several contractors and laborers of the road, t found our liabili ties exceeded our present available means about $4,000. To meet this balance, an appeal was made to the stock holders, several of whom promptly met the call to large amount. The residue of the deficit was realized from the sale of thirteen $100 bonds on six and twelve month tune. At the June session of the Board an arrangement was made with the stockholders in Hancock eo., whose stock was to ba paid in labor and material, lo construct four miles of road west from Greenfield. Undmhis arrange ment about one and a hall miles havo been completed, anil plank lor about halt a mile more The finished portions of plank road both east and west have remained in good repair during the winter and spring, without expense. The stockholder and directors, satisfied that no means for the efficient prosecution of the road could be obtain ed under the original charter of Ihe Company, petitioned the Legislature at ita last Session for several amendments to the sime, which, with some unimportant modifica tions, were liberally tränten At the January session of the Board, it made a formal accep'ance of said amendments, and ordered the books re-opened for the subscription of Flock,, for sixty dvs from Ihe 1 Oils ot January, IsoU, during which lima $40,' 000 of cash stock was subscribed. If to ibis the ataila ble stock of last year be added of about $17,000. and $12,000 of stock to be taken by present contractors in part payment of their contracts, we have in the aggregate about $09,000, as iho whole amount of stock that has been subscribed or that will be issued lo meet any outstanding contracts. Contracts have been made for all the Plank, required for the load east to Greenfield, and west to i.ear Belleville, to bt delivered al different periods during Ihe tenon, and all before the 1st of May, 1851, making with the finished pat t abuut 40 miles now under cootracf. Accoiding to an order of the February Seion of the board I employed T. A Piost, Engineer to suivey all that portion of road lying between this city and ftreei. field a ho from the preseot wertem teiniinu of the PWnk tu Ptainfieli,

making east a fraction over nineteen miles, sod west shoot ; low freely to its mouth which general right was aceijjbt and one half. He bat cumoteted the survey, made a ! knowledged unanimously by the C innrcss of the old profile and estimates and specificatii.i.s. &c ! Confederation, in May, 1733. There are between lhicity and drei. held seven bridges ; 0 . .- ., J . . ,. , four of which require rebuilding anew, to-wit : Lick C.eek.t 8- 1 directly repugnant t the ordinance of 137, Biown's Run, CrayCieek, and Ruck Cteek. Tbeothei three securing tue free navigation or the Ohio, will tequ'ne some tepairs and will be p ohably safe for some j 9. It is against the act of Congress of August, 17d9, years. Also in the eastern pwti'in of ihe r .ad there will be re-enacting the ordinance of 1737 as a rejulalion of required about 37 new timber rulveit. Theie aie also in ap- rtmm4r.0

parent gooa oiuer auuui 1.1 sionc a no duck cuivcus. I t . ,E . I . I , . There aie also west of Indianapolis 6 bridges, to-wot White River, two Eairle Cieeks. east fik of White Lirk' Clnk'iCieek, and west fork of White Lick at riiinfi Id Tte

bridge atClaik's Cieek will leqniie rebuilding the others; H. h is destructive of ship building at Pittsburgh, will .cqui.e aome repiiis the pie.ent sea-oi. and will then anj Opposei to the riu9 ,ct3 f Congress passed to Dtobb'y be safe for some years. ,r . j .1 1 The.i will be required on the w.ste.a po.tioo ..f the ro.d encourage it as connected with commerce, and tiaviabout 27 new timbei eulveits. There aie l-o some Mune sod gallon, and the ISa vy. biirk culverts tbat will requite some slight repairs. i Io the future construct of bridges, I wuuhl tecommend ! writer in the Boston Courier, although a friend the enti.e use f timber instead of sfne or b.ick. except in f , jj . nevertheless, that there is a letbe vicinity of stone quaines, and also that open instead of ' , e . , covered budges be adupted, as Leiog less expensive aud pitimaHe and peaceful mode of teMmg the question of reaily as dmable. , disunion, namely, by the same mode that the Union I think it would be good policy far the Baid to make ao wa consummated. lie says: appropiiation of a sufficient sum to re-open the düehes oiii- t ..q.i what oriticiple was the Union formed! On

u-.j j " ter fiom the toad. I would also call the attention of ihe B ard lo latge tiantiliesof st'ne, belonging to Ihe company, s ich as will not be reqoiied in the further construction of the load. I would recommend ibeir sale. You sre swire lhal ab ml f of what ia denominated old stock, is payable in Ub.ir arid materials. Whhh amount I would surest he raited for this i-aon, and applied in the construe I'D of Budges sod Culveit'.Tull ll .u-es, tie. You will see by the repoit of the treasurer which is herewith submitt ed Ibat the entire receipts nf the company hive been $16.421.24. To-witt from Stock Subset ibers, - - -$13.574.65 From Tolls, ....... 1,01)209 From mince 11 ineout sources, - 4.oO Fiom sale of Bonds, ..... 1, r40 00 Totil, The entire amount of disbursements op to 26lh of Match is .... . To-wit: See Treasurer's report. v1641-24 the - $13,942.21 Which shows a balance of cah remaining io th? Treasuiyef ...... $2,479.03 It is pmbable the cost of our road a compared wi'b o1 Iter roads my app.ar rather lsrje at first view. Rut it should be remembered that lumber in the vicinity uf ludimapolis it more in demand and higher in pi lee than at many other places whete toads aie being contiucted. The amount of wotk and limited time required by the amt nded Charter, dem mded a luge expenditure fir mills &e., before the lumbri eon 14 be furnished, and without a fair pi ice, contractors woul I not incur Ihe exti a expense, Lecessuy for the prompt discharge of their contracts. In the construction uf plank Roads, in consequence of ihe short ti-ne they have been in oe, mtieh expetisoce is yel needed to determine wbat kind of timber is most economical other than oak. In Caoada plsuk roads sre made nf pinr io New York of bcmlocki in Michigan, Wisconsin and North Indiana, w'nhin 2 or 3 yean only has oak been od, and I hava seen at the north. Maek red oak u-ed. The kind of oak u-ed by u, which ia live white or buir oak. is n doubt a better mtteiial than either pine or hem lick, and so lone as it can be had at a reasotialle cost, it ii probably the best material w. b.v fcr tse eoo.tract.oo of probably road. Bui as oak timber i mostly u el for villous purpxel. its pi ice is likely to be enhanced above thai v( many other kinds of limber. Il is said by lhoe must exoeiieoced i:i plank roadi, ihttThcy will wear out befote they wilt decay. If this be ttue Ihe beech ti.nber of our country may pive of value, in the conduction and repair of mad. The beech is a finer grained limber lhan vak and equally as baid, and itscspicity t resist the disintegration of ita fibie by concussion ia consequently greater. I would recommend that ao experiment be made by oi g npou some p-ution nf the road, not only of beech, but auw of sevetal ottier kinds of timber, for t ie purpise tf tet'iog their relative cats sad durability. In cotitrating the ptescnt flatteiint; con ti ion aud future ptcpects of thi company, with the prospect at its mganization, ihe result is tiuly encouraging beyond Ihe hopes of its must sanui e fiiends You atcawaie that many doubled the propriety i f organizing at all, under Ihe oiigiual charter. But the result has shown that the moie wi and ptndent eooist was adopted by organizing and put-ing in order six mile nf rad as provided for io the charter, which enti'led ui to the piivitege of erecting a gate, the proceeds of which hare been truly flattering, for Ihe deiail of which, I will refer you to the Treasmet's repoit. Foi innately as befoie stated, ws succeeded io obtaining some vety important aneodinents to out chatter at ihe last session of ihe Legilitmc, which has enabled the company lo hold out ptobatlr greater indticemenU-.than any rompany either Plank or Railroad. ever chailrred io this Stite, the ieult nf which is fully shown in Ihe libetal subciiptioo of rt ck tikeo, not only by capttalot on tie lme or the load, but bv oersons IMng at a distance, and by thoe t who knew full welt where to mike rmbtiLle invetmei t anew iuii wen wneie io rnuc rmuimn ,u. i. Plank roads even with ate no longer a mere es pa lment, but by all, even the most skeptical, are ackn i ledti M more eipVdKwa.lyeonitm.tea, cheaper and better.) And in the language of a committee of the Leei-Uivs

Council of ieoi''n "-PliitC Road aie of more real im-n-iit'itcc ti the (Indiana as well ) Vicj:iiu fiimer. ftaa any invention of the day. Tbry mill save him time labor, which i the arae a mnry, ihry will give him a thoire uf lime in canting hit (rtut to muktt, a tbey Or na Urft obstacle a fcal i.ott. but pi 111 1 to hin ai moth an firm s uifjre ovt 1 which to liavcl in Ihe worst

of seatoDt, a in ibe test. Tbev enable bin t accomplish twice the Catalice in tbr same time ai d hai double Ibe loaj Ith les rtTiiit. I-t iiiteel r inclinaiioo call him lo and he can piocced thitiei wits all !eiiabl apred in B conveyance and m. any day vt t ie y.r, 01 hour of r 111 "J" thci, without coiouüing boiocip s or waicbm; fie tjhaei of the m.i oi. n I no accideutt of the wf , t M t,atflling between him and his k wm. , ,iwe , wllr Wf fiour w pjlk oth. ef l)riM)uit, of bi, f,)rllf i,,noni,Ut him vt tie arpropiiat mom,n, f ,r at.zhg the bet waid fui hi ti .M with these im pun am advantages of pUnk ioj1 ia view, bow can ih firmer i.f ..dina withhold Ihiir mi aus sod er.couiajemnit fioin Ihe vsiiiu pi ink tod ia progiess in thi vicini'y. especially when Ihey have 33 r 4J miles to fo to maiktt over read where ihe soil 1 deep vegetable mould, anil neit'ter stnne giant of any (Wei ipti-n. In such rses, ihey must be content to waJe ihiougb ihe mud or adi'pt plank iojJ. Io 60, to our cmzei'S in tho mteiur counties which are i.ot traversed by laihoadi, canaia r steamboat, ibe coniiiuci n of plank load wiil extend fie advantages of food, deniable and convenient th troughUrrt, affording them an easy and rapid communication 1 h their maiket ana then i cighbors, and seeming t them faciliiies for trade and transportation, nnerjoyed by their ancesiois and unknown to be ancients. YY. KJUSO. Ties ideot. The Advantage or an Intkigce. One of the in teresting facta in the deeply absorbing case now going on in t!.e U. S. Cirmit Court, of Gaines r. Cl ew, R-lf and others, that Daniel Clark, subsequent to his alleged marriage with Zul i me DeG range. was a sinter tor the baud of AIifs Luiea Ca ton, who afterwards married the Marquis of Carmathan, and is now the Duchess of Leeds. Clark and Miss Caton were engaged, and, when Clark died, a num ber of highly mt-?reing letters to him from mis Caton, were found in Ins trunk, which were trans mitted to her family in Maryland. The failure of this engagement is ascribed to various causes. By some it is said, that Clark could not secure bis "tttended" a sufficiently largo fortune. Dy others, it is asserted that his enemies circulated a great scindal against him, which would have incapacitated Lim from marrying which matter, by the bye, is mada part of the proof in dert-ndanl s case. Ihe story is related, that when Clark heard that his prospects were growing gloomy in that quarter, he sent his friend Keene, a gallant, fine-looking, dashing gentleman, of striking address, and fine con versational powers, to Annapolis, to see Miss Caton, and remove from her mind any false impression which his enemies might have created. Keene waited upon Miss Ctton, and found that her mind had been poisoned against Clark on some rea son or pretence, which lie smisui in vain, by every device to find out. At last Miss Caton trreatly relievrd Keenc's mind, by suggesting it as an tibjcction to Clark, that he was "somewhat of a roue, a man of intrigue." Keene immediately spoke up, denied in a very p-ieitive manner the elander, and asserted, upon honor, "that Clark had never had an intrigue in his life." Miss Caton rose, and looking Keene steadily in the face remaiked. "I em satisfied tell Mr. Clark nur engagement is dissolved." Delia. The Wheeling Bridge Case The argument of Mr. R. J. Walker, late Secretary of the Treasury, in the Wheeling Uridge case, before the Supreme Court of the United States, i published in full in tho Philadelphia North American. It is very lng, and we have only room for tho following notice of the case, from that piper : Mr. Walker makes the following points to show that the Bridge is unlawful : 1. ll is not of the height required by its own charter. 2. It operates as a tax on imports, exports, tonnage and p?.3en2er. 3. It is illegal as a regulation and restriction of commerce between the States. 4. It m an unlawful inlet Terence with the rights granted by Congress to licensed vessels to navigate the Ulno without interruption from port to port. 5. It violates that clause of the G nrtitution which forbids any preference being given to the ports of one State over those of another. 6. It violates many other acts of Congress and treaties cited in the case. 7. It attempted to deprive Pennsylvania of a right, secured to f.cr bv the laws f nations, as a State at the head of the Ohio and supplying. its waters to fol- ! - IM ft t i.ticf fftiA j.nmnt rf 13Q KaIhtiiaii tfir. ginia and Kentucky, confirmed by Congress, securing to all the States the free navigation of the Ohio. the nrincln e of maturities: lirst bv nine states, a --i i j minority of thirteen. Then the constitution was to be discussed and conSrined by a popular vote in the States. So that a majority of the States and a maj rity of the people hate constituted this Union. And who shall presume to prescribe the limits to the power of the legitimate successors of these conatitu- . etits! Let us, then, no longer contest the powpr to dissolve the Union, but say frankly to those who t link it expedient. Try the question of dissolution ' by the eame form that the Unio'i was consummated, llow many States would vote for disunion, and what 'proportion of the people wou!d"cotifirm their vole! I Would there be; a proportion of nine t thirteen of the States now extant, or a majority of the people . equal to that which confirmed this Unym by voting for the constitution ! The most timid conservative among us would not fear this ordeal ; and if the time should ever come to agitate this question seriously, let us not hesitate to gratify those blind or ambitions politicians who are not satisfied with the best government on earth, because, perhaps, ihey do not figure in it so conspicuously as they wish to do. Distinguished Strangers. We have heretofore inadvertantly neglected to note the presence in our city of two distinguished personages in the walks of literature the Hon. Robert Dale Owen, of New Harmony, and Mrs. Sarah T. Bolton, of Indianapolis. Mr. Owen is in New Albany for the purpose of superintending the publication of his work on the subject of plank roads, which ia now pasin through our press. This volume, although to the eye of some may appear of email consequence, when compared with some ot the author s previous of the author s previous works, yet, we Imt i a... I. a ti 1 1 1 rnf o i tr a fur il K t liü n If m i f t firms nrla , , . .. ,,: .i j , i t ur citizens whtwe vocations are practical and to whom pood roads are of more importance tu their welfare and prosperity than aught else. The treatise on. plank roads may not be adorned with the flowers of rhetoric, but it will contain that which is of vastly more importance, w Of Mrs. Bolton, the amiable lady and charming poetes, whoFe effusions, original and select, have so frequently adorned our co umns, il is only necessary to state ehe is here, for her to receive that tribute of admiration which her genius deserves, and that respect to which as a lady she is entitled. No praise of ours could add to her fame. Her reputation is etab'Nhed and acknowledged. As Indianiaus we feel proud that sh tin) is an Indianian. Acte Albany Ixdgtr ; MarcK 27. IIomistead Exemption. There are two leading reasons which ought to have great weight. The fact is, that the direct tendency of exempting the homestead from i:s debt is to preserve the inteenty of the family both in society and property. It will keep the family together by keeping them at home safe from all the storms of adversity. In that, it will greatly U:id to prevent the family from coming on the public f ir support. Now, the State which legislates has a deep interest in maintaining the unity and prosperity of tho family. The whole is made of its natts. Society is founded in the family. If no family is driven ouj 10 gcea a precarious support, u p,uper, to maintain. In even J' " . , , . , natter h hat the 1. the dve the insolvent. ifltfMe I OUi Iff. out to eck a precarious support, the State will have In every state of Fonetv, vent must maintain