Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 43, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 March 1850 — Page 2

3uöian State Sentinel.

ETERNAL VICILAHCE IS THE PSICE OF UltlTT. UDUXit'OLIS, 3IAUCII 38. I83Q. Our Terms. The following will hereafter be the permanent terms of the Wefk'y Indiana Stale Sentinel: Q3r Payments to be made always in advance. One copy, one year, $2.00 Three copies, one year, 5.00 Five copies, one year. 8.00 flup iMinv dnritir the session...Ten copies, in club, one year, .15.(10 Sini-Wrckljr. (Published three times a week during the session.) One cpyf $1 00 Three copies, 10.00 One copy during the session, 1.00 Ail papers will be stopped at the end of the term paid for, unless the subscription is renewed. except to those wilh whom we have other unsettled business account". Anv person sending us a club of ten, with cash, at the rate of 1.50 each, shall have a copy gratis for one year. For a greater number than ten, the gratuity shall be increased in proportion. All postmasters are requested to act as agents, and as such, by a recent decision of the department, ihey re authorized to frank letters for the benefit of subscribers. TE.HM8 FOR ADVERTISING PATENT MEDICINES. To prent contusion and lo save lime, we Mala our trrini for advertising Patau Medicines, vis : Fifty cents per square in the serol-weekly editioa for tlx Brit Inertlon, aod twenty .e renU per square tot each subsequent hrsrrtion, when tor not lese than thiee 11 ninths. Ovrr three ontha.M cents per square f. the first. and 20 cents per square for each sulwe. quent insertion. Each adertemeit will luve at least one insertion in the Weekly without additionalcm. For inseiuoiia in the Weekly continuously, double the above P'cula. wbeaacreed to be Inserted, will be charged double fcr the space tbey cccouy. Eight lines of Nonpareil, or 230 eais, count a square. California Wilmot Proviso. Webster says that the law of nature and of God prohibits slavery in California and New Mexico, and that he will not re-enact the laws of God in the shape of "a Wilmot." No man knows better than Daniel Webster, that in ao saying, be is guilty of gross extravagance, and wc may add, deception. It is impossible for Webster to believe his own statement, for be know that the history of slavery falsifies it. lie knows that slavery can exist in California and New Mexico, and still further north than the Missouri compromise line, provided no great obstacle is thrown, in its way, either by law or public sentiment. He knows too that Southern men feel certain of this, and that slaves being shut out from the mines by the proviso in the California constitution, is the real cause of the exhibition of wrath, during the present session, on the part of Southern leaders. The strong poiut made by both Benton and Clay is, that slavery was abolished and prohibited by the laws of Mexico, before our acquisition of the territory, and that the law is still of force, and will thus remain until changed by the people in their State Constitutions. If Congress would put this opinion of Benton and Clay in the shape of law, then "the Wilmot" would be indeed mere "goat's wool." A legal declaration of that kind would be entirely satisfactory, and "the Wilmot" would be of no more use than so much "blank paper." The profits and loss of slavery depend upon other things as well as climate. We have but l'ttle doubt that slavery might be made comparatively profitable in Iudiana, though the slaves themselves might not fare as well as in more Southern climes. But that it would be injurious to the maea of while laborers, we have as little doubt. They would be more or less impoverished and degraded, as tbey are in the slave states, in some degree, according to the admission of Southern men. We have no doubt that many men honestly believe thit slavery cannot be made profitable in the territories, in question, because-of the supposed unfavoravorable climate: others, like Webster, make use of the same idea as a pretext to reconcile their constituents to a dereliction in duty and professions. In substantiation of these opinions, we ask a candid consideration of the following letter, written by a person who has no friendship for "a Wilmot," and who ex ults over the pro-slavery position of Webster. If slavery has been vastly profitable in the Ural mountains of Russia, what ia to hinder it from being bo in California and possibly in New Mexico! Facts are of more importance than the magniloquent declarations cf even Diniel Webster. Correspondence ef thi Journal of Commerce. Washington, Friday March 15. The attention of the Government is mainly turned to the diposi;ion proper to be made cf the immense mineral lands of California the gold mine and pla cersand the mines of silver and quicksilver il of which, with the exception heretofore mentioned by me, are the property of the U. S. It has been proposed to sell them or lease them; and others think the government should retain the ownership of them and convert them into a source of revenue. The government is a very poor manager of such property, of which we had proofs in regard to the lead and copper mines in the West. The government never mado anything by rentin? them, and not much by their minimum price of $2 50 per acre. Mr. Thomas Butler King, who is now writing his report on the resources of California, the legislation needful for her, &.c, has taken this subject into consideration and will present his views in rrgard to it. It was etated here, some time ago, by Mr. Bodisco, that the Ural Mountains, in Russia, were unproductive while under the exclusive management of the government. The Emperor directed that every proprietor of estates and serfs, in the provinces where gold abounded, should have the rijht to work them. They entered into the business with cheap labor the serf and gradually brought science and machinery to their aid. They were required, under severe penalties, to bring all the gold obtained to the Imperial mint, where it was coined. The proprietors received back tie entire value, in coi.i or public securities, deductin?; only six per centum for expenses and for seignor age. The result was, that the product of the mineral region soon rose from two millions to twenty millions, and is likely to be much increased. I presume our government will adopt some very liberal course. But the government, considering the expenses which will attend and have attended the acquisition and protection of California, ought to demand a seignorage of ten per cent. CrThe recent speech of Mr. Douglass of 111., in the U. S. Senate, attracts considerable attention. A correspondent of the Baltimore Sun says He admitted that theseacoast of California was very long, and the State larger than he wished it to be, but, under the circumstances, be thinks it best to admit her with ber present limits. If he had the choice, be might, as a northern man, wish for a division of California into three State; for they would ell come in as free States; and if California be remanded and divided into two or more States, the South would, a year hence, be found to advocate the admission of California as one State instead of two. Mr. Douglass was for extending aid and protection lo a northern or southern minority whoee rights are Invaded by a majority ; but he bad rx sympathy for either aide or aection, if a remedy be eonght beond the constitution and the United States Courts. General Cass mainly enforced the same sentiments. . He was for admitting California as she is, but wished for the establishment of territorial governments for the rest of the Territories without the Prrrti. Mr. Cass's speech was very able and good catered, and wai in aubstance reiterating hia former views, only with a more direct application to Ihe question before the Senate.

Grand Jury. The Richmond Palladium endeavors to conceal its ignorance, and its slanders, from its own readers, by avoiding the publication of P.'s reply to its exception, as well as'by keeping utter silence in relation to Chief Justice Marshall and tha U. S. Supreme Court, whose doctrines fully and completely sustain our correspondent. Thi is just what we expected from the rorrupt person who controls the Palladium in the absence of the responsible editor. We expccteJ nothing better from the Cambridge Reveille, because we know that that concern it controlled by one equally as reck!1!, ungpnilenmn'y and corrupt as the other. Ttme worse knave? cannot be found in the editorial fraternity of ?hhS:ac, Ihnn the trio win manage the whig papers of Wayne county. Out of Wayne county, we have some gentlemanly whig editors, and who are men of principle enough not to desire to Jecfite the people upon questions of Important constitutional amendment. The Editor of the Wabash Express, copies, in full, the reply of P. He is honest enough to permit his renders to ce both sides, and ij not afraid to trust to their judgment, as the knaves of Wayne, who practise deceptions upon their readers habitually, are. Our readers will remember that wo copied the arguments of the Palladium, and the article of the Wabash Express at length ; and that our correspondent P." replied satisfactorily, and in accordance with a . deliberate decision of the U. S. Supreme Court. All that the Palladium permits its readers to know about all this is contained in the following : "The Sentinel's correspondent P.' re-affirms the right of the convention which is lo be held for revising our Constitution, to abolish Ilia Grand Jury System. In speaking of the amendments to the Constitution of the United States, he says: "The first prohibits Congress from establishing a religion." Can a Stale establish a religion' "The second prohibits Congress from depriving the people of their right to keep arms." Can a State deprive a citizen of that right? We ask Mr. 'P.' can any person, by a State statute, "be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life and limb ?" Can any one, by a similar law, "be compelled in any criminal ease to be witness against liimsell, or be deprived of life, liberty or property without due course ol law ?" Can private properly be taken for public use, without just compensation? 'When he answers these questions to his own satisfaction he may conclude that the Grind Jury System can be abolished by the State." This is an attempt to shield its own ignorance by dishonest concealment, and by miserable quibbling, which should be only worthy of scourging if practised by a school boy of ten years. If "P." thinks it worthy of any notice, so be it ; we do not. except for the purpose of exposing the knavery of the author. The Reveille w ho had, as well as some others of the same stripe, fallen into the original blunder of the Palladium, tries to cover up its disgrace and discomfiture, by a similar course. It says "0"The State Sentinel has been publishing for several weeks, communications, favoring various amendment of the Constitution. This is all well enough ; we like to see these matters discussed, in all their bearings, in a proper spirit, and brought before the public, that they may be acted upon. Several good and able articles have been brought before the people in this way, on Constitutional reform, and others of rather a ridiculous character have appeared in the columns of the Sentinel, and among them, is the communication on the subject of "Grand Juries." Chapman at first, attempted to sustain the noble efforts of "P." but his become ashamed of the proposition, and abandoned a further attempt." We confess that when we see such dishonorable manifestations as the above, in reference to matters upon which it is important that the people should hive the whole truth, we are almost tempted to let them pass without that notice, which, by exposing the corruption, tends to degrade the editorial profession in the public estimation. But the people will remember that there are rascals in all professions, and will make due allowance accordingly. Mobder. The Terre Haute Courier, of March 23, states that a shocking murder was committed on a valuable citizen of Riley township, in Vigo county, on Friday night of last week. Mr. Isaac Pieece, a very worthy man and an old citizen, waj murdered in his bed in the dead of night. The set was perpetrated by some one unseen, with the blow of a hatchet, or some similar instrument. Mrs. Pierce, the wife, was awakened by gome unusual noise, and reaching towards her husband, found him struggling in what she supposed to be a fit. On further examination he was found weltering in blood issuing from a wound received on the temple Mr. Pierce never spoke after the wound, but lived and lingered in great agony for twenty-four hours. The door of the house was found open, but no clue has yet certainly been had to the perpetrator of this horrid deed. (Hf the people of Wayne or Hancock counties desire us to aid them in any good work, they should carefully avoid making the editor of the Reveille, a mediator between themselves and us. If nothinrr

else should excite suspicion of wrong, his connexion wita it would be very likely so to do. "When be epeaketh fair, we believe him not; for there are seven abominations in bis heart." It uiay not bo amiss to add, that the proceedings in question, being published in such an obscure paper, were doubtless overlooked by us, not with any intention to disparage the undertaking in question, for we are in favor cf all improvements, but because it seldom contains readable matter. Another Concert. See the notice of a Concert to be given on Saturday evening, by Mr. Pearsall and his Pupils. He will have a large crowd, we doubt not. He is certainly entitled to generous treatment from this community, for no man has been more ready to contribute his professional services, on any suitable occasion, to promote the enjoyment of others. He has served the Masons, the Odd Fellows, the Sons of Temperance, ns well as churches, gratis, or but for very small compensation. And now, when be offen an entertainment, which will afford pleasure to all who attend, we trust that he will see that we are neither unmindful of, nor ungrateful for, his services and his endeavors to pleane. Let him have a rousing house ! fj7-Ye learn from eastern papers, that the prosTaveryites have presented lo Mr. Webster a massive gold chain, worth some $400, on account of his late speech. A chain may be an appropriate emblem enough to mark bis servility to the South, but we think a golden cojfie, (we believe there is some such instrument,) would be more apropos than a chain. Q"We understand that Governor Wright has appointed Edward Lande a Judge of the Marion Court of Common Pleas, in place of Judge Hammond, who has resigned. This appointment was made upon the unanimous recommendation of the Bar of this county, with but two or three exceptions. "Take one of our 'old hats' at present, Mr. Deal." State Sentinel. ' On condition that you rid it of those Chape who have occupied its crown so, long. Salem jYiric. Of course ! We should expect, after you get it, that nete tenants would have porseaoion. Information Wanted nr Edward S. Mopps, late sergeant in Copt. Heating's company, 4th regiment Kentucky foot volunteers.' A line addressed to this office wjll be thankfully received, and be of advantage to him. Will our exchanges notice 1 CGeorgk Lansdown, the man who alurt the notorious Howard in St. Louis, has been fund guilty, by a Grand Jury, of murder in the first degree. Will ft traverse jury murder him by law 1 ,

CCMIJAL KAIL. ItOAD.

e cup the Pillowing from the North American and United States Gazette published at Philadelphia on the 16th inn: Tlie Great Central Uotitc. According'to tu announcement made for some days pa6t, a meeting was held lawt evening, in Saneom Street Hall, for the purpose of listening to addres; from the II n. Oliver II. Smith, of Indiatn, and Solomon W. Roberts, Esq.. Chief Engineer of the Pittsburgh and Ohio Railroad. - Mr. Roberts introduced to the meeting the Hon. Oliver H. Smith, who expressed the great gratifica-! tion he felt in addressing the citizens of Philadelphia, ' on a subject common to them and those he repiefen tt-d. After glancing rapidly at the progress in toe rowans of iH.-oiii"tion. and referring to Whitney's plan of a railway to the Pacific, in terms of opposition to. it; he turned to the maps, and commenced an able j 'and luminous exposition tf the importance of the ; 'great central route which is to connect this city with iSt. Louis, by a continuous stt-rttn route. I The situation, character and importance of railmads in the west, was too I. tile understood at the ' east. Commencing ht St. L mus and going eastward, ' he demonstrated Ihnt passengers could, by the great centra route, reach Philadelphia in forty-eight hours. i while passeiisrers by the river would scarcely reach! ! Evansville in the same space of time. Wc cannot do ' ' anything like j.istico to his explanation of this, and j other subjects linked with it, on account of the crowd- I ed state of our columns, but he produced a mass of ' valuable testimony, which came with convincing effect upon his lt-tetiers. The route to St. Iiuis stretches to Vatidalia; thence i to Terre Haute, 170 miles; thnce to It.dianapolis, 1 the centre of Indiana, 72 miles ; tl ence to Bellefoni taine, on the Indiana line, 63 mil;s; thence to Gallion, ! in northern Ohio, 12UT miles ; where it meets the west1 em terminus of the Pittsburgh and Ohio Railroad, ! connecting at Pittsburgh, with our central road to this lc5'yt His chief desire appeared to be to show the magnitude of the intercut which clings around this great jline. It runs midway of the rivers and the Lake, and draws to it the great wealth of the country through j which it passes. it is the proper policy ot i'hilauelplua not to permit the trade of the interior, west of Pittsburgh, to strike the rivers, until it does so at Pittsburgh. If it docs, it may go to Baltimore, nr.i'ther places ; but with the opportunity offered by the Central route, it would gather to it, and find its natural nutlet in Philadel phia. jo less than seven railroads concenter at In dianapolis, draining a vast country, the richness of which he set forth by statistics, we would gladly gie place tu if wc had space. Indiana, as a State, stands in the fourth rank, and will soon be in the third. Upon tie question cf Cincinnati as the western terminus of the great line, which many advocate, he showed that there were advantages in favor of the route from St. Louis to Indianapolis, which overbal anced it three-fold. Cincinnati has a direct route to the lake ; and from the lakes, travel naturally tends to ISew ork at the expense of i hiladtlphia. He went into an illustration of Ihe riches of the West, especially wilh regard to its commerce; and wc shall have occasion to use on another occasion, the valuable statistics he offered. In conclusion, he urged in the most forcible manner, the necessity of immediate action on the great matter our city I. as in hand, and he h'ped to live to see the day, and that not far distant, when he could travel over a continuous stenm route from the Mississippi, at St. Louitr, to Philadelphia. His remarks were received with frequent and enthusiastic applause, which, they amply merited; and when he had concluded, the meeting broke up. " The Mormon Imposture. The London Times in the course of an article on the application of the Mormon settlers on the banks of the Great Salt Lake, to be admitted as one cf the States of the American Union, observes : "It is a remarkable fact that although the settlements of the new religionists have always been on the outskirts of civilization, yet they have never made any converts amongst the aborigines. Nothing can be more remarkable than the superiority, in this respect, cf instinct over education. . Steady-going yeomen from Yorkshire and Cumberland pinned their spiritual and pecuniary trusts, with the utmost implicitness, upon a man whom the unlettered Indians denominated Ttshe-wal-Iis-ke, which, in an English version, signifies 'a great rascal. "But, beyond doubt, the most interesting point of the question is that operation of popular credulity or superstition which shall serve to maintain this prodigious doctrine in practical vitality. Joe Smith lived before the world for years together in the full reality of convicted scoundrelism. There was not an atom of mystery or doubt about the knave's whole character, nor did he even condescend to the common austerities of hypocrisies of a religious impostor. He drank, swore, and swindled ; drove about wilh a lumbering wagon, in a broad-brimmed hat, cracking his whip like a courier, and could scarcely stutter an intelligible address to extort the dollars of his followers. Yet year after year, as we understand, the emigration still sets towards these fanatical sectaries from the port of Liverpool, and what is even more extraordinary, is found to consist, for the most part, of a bettermost sort of people some farmers, intelligent tradesmen, and well-to-do laborers, with a respectable portion of capital amongst them. What can be tho explanation of this 1 Is it that colonization, when conducted on professions of religion, however false, possesses attractions above that system which makes no religious provision at all ! The anomaly well deserves' an inquiry." William Fenn. We copy the following from a Washington letter to the N. Y. Globe, not for the purpose of endorsing the facts stated, but for the good anecdote with which it wind up. A pamphlet, of some frty-eijht pages, being ft re ply to the strictures ma-io in Macaulay's History of England upon the character of William renn, has been sent to the different members of Congress for their enlightenment. These strictures originally ap peared in the form of a preface to Clarkson's Life of renn. Ihey will hardly serve to discredit the narrative of Macatilay or disturb the impression he has made of what was indeed the character of the courtly Quaker. Penn, whatever may be said to the contrary, mingled with a relish in the corrupt society of the Court of Charles the Second, nor did he refuse to awing his censer in the path of the reigning favorite. Lady Castleminc, whoso husband was busied in controversial divinity, while her Ladyship was producing Dukes for the State. Jesse, in his personal memoirs of the reign of the Stuarts, which has never been published in this country has given an amusing anecdote of Pcnn, which shows how ft man can swallow a Camel, while he strains at a gnat, and affords no bad illustration of the ready wit of the merry monarch. The future Jaw giver of Pennsylvania, thinking to carry tho many prejudices of hia sect into the presence of royalty, on his introduction, remained standing before the king, without removing his hat. Nothing could be more characteristic than the quiet rebuke of Charles ; he merely took off his own hat and stood uncovered before Penn. . "Friend Charles," said the future Legislator "why dost thou not keep on thy hat f" 'Tis the custom of this plare," replied the witty monarch, "for only one person to remain covered at a time." Ca li FufiMA Gold Diggers Important Decision. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has made an important decision in relation t the silent partnership business in the California gold diggings : An application was mnde to the Court, by Mr. J. A. Le'Big, of Philadelphia, for an injunction to restrain one Patrick McLangtou from disposing of some twenty thousand dollars' worth of pold dust. The plaintiff alleged that he and Patrick entered into partnership, for the nnrpove of dipginir cold in Cali- ! fornia, and that the proceeds, amounting to the above sum, had been taken possession of by the said Pat rick, without the slightest attempt to divide the spoils. The gold dust was at the United States' Mint, and an injunction was prayed to prevent the ; defendant from taking it from that place. , The Court decided that the refusal of a partner to j account, is no ground of injunction; and that, even j if there was a partuership, the plaintiff not having I labored to that end, and the whole fund having been acquired by the defendant, it was do partnership projerty. The injunction was refused.

COXSTITITTIOX A L. UEI'ORirj. Mttsrs Editors: 1 proceed to the pr.-poed reforms in the practice of the Circuit Courts. These reforms could be brought about by legislation; but I would prefer that

tliey should bo provided for, or plainly indicated by ! the C ntiiiitjin. 1st. I projxim to abolish all formal pleading in action at coiii:iioii law, as a rrquisilion, leaving those free 1 1 adopt the same wtHipn-l'r it. All that ought to be r quired of a party 1 a stiecu: t and informal statement of his causo of action, or matter of defence, and of reply thereto, &.c.. s staled as to -i.ab!e the C urt to see, and, if need be, apprise a j -rry T the mattei, or matieis in is.ue. To this I would add ft directory (not d scretioti irj ) provision requiring partics to bring forward, and coiidoliiUti, in one action, or dT nce, all c-iU"e of actini, "sounding'' in cmtract, or tort, or "iouwjin'" In anything. A written reference to objectionable matters should be required, in lien of d-tuurrers, whicn should not operate as to matter of mere firm. 2d. I would by no im-ana abolish a chancery jurisdiction. Tncre are cases in which any effrt to abbreviate proceedings by abolishing chancery practice would not only fail of tint object, but would emphatically elongate the same. But discretionary powought to be extended lo the courts to make not .Merely one issue at law in chancery suits, as now, but to make several euch issues, in one case requir ing the investigation of more than one fact, and to cause the same to be tried by a iurv, on testimony delivered orally. This course would abbreviate the proceedings in all cases in which it would be adopted But there are equity cati?cs, involving such a varied complicity of facts, that it would be impossible for a jury, or the chancellor to retain the same in memory from oral evidence. The testimony would, in such cases b tio voluminous lo be taken down in court, without too gn.-at a consumption of time, and hence the parties ought to take the same in the form of depositions, to save the time of the court, and to enable the Chancellor to refer to different" portions thereof again, and again. Of the propriety of submitting cases, entirely or in part, to juries none but the court can judge, with any discretion. 3d. Grand juries should be limited in number say to tire or eevtn and should hold no inquisition of offences except thote which are capital, or punishable by imprisonment in the State Prison. Offences of a lt grade should be brought before the court upon information filed by the attorney for the State. A mijority of the grand jury should find a bill, and some effective mode should be adopted of selecting them jud.ciously. . . . 4th. In trials upon indictments (i. e. in capita cases, and felonies) a verdict of acquittal ought to be found by a majority; but a conviction should only be the result of a unanimous verdict. In trials upn informations, or on an appeal from a justice, and in all civil cases, and issues made in chancery s'.i;tc, Ihe verdict of a majority should be sufficient; the right to grant new trials being reserved, ..a a now, to the courts. Juries for the trial of causes should be re duccd in number say to three, or-five. No court ought lo render judgment in a criminal cause, upon a conviction, the verdict being agaliislthe conscience of the court. This would bo a better guard than a requisition for unanimous verdicts. These proposition go principally to a saving of public expanse, and to th? clearing away of certain venerable, black letter absurdities, entirely behind the spirit of the age such as the jargon of law phroseology, tupid formalities, secret inquisitions about small matters in grand jury room, and the tyrannical and foolish notion of imprisoning twelve intelligent, honest gentlemen, in a room, under lock and key, till they will all say they thing exactly alike about a very doubtful matter, when a less number could talk over the matters- before them calmly, and five from the confusion of a crowded jury room, reason together, and a majority in most cases really sec alike, without being driven to a great sacrifice of opinion. But for the eake of parties litigant, and their wit nesses, other reforms are loudly called for. Under; our present system of practice no parties can tell when their case will be tried. Consequently they come to court, and wait till their case is reached. I have known parties whose witnesses' fees unitedly amounted to forty or fifty dollars per day, wait a week or two before their cause was reached in order. Nay, I have seen in the Court House the parties to several pending suits, waiting day after day for many days, at a cost, uniledty, tf several hundred dollars per day, the court, in the mean time holding sessions, all day, and sometimes to a late hour cf the night. Besides the above expenditure to the parties, there is the loss of time to the witnesses, innocent of litigating propensities, to be added to the volume of individual sacrifices; for witnesses, fees are no compensation to an industrious mau. They scarce pay his bmrd. This frightful expenditure is an abuse, growing out of an overweaning, and mainly unsuccessful desire to save public expenditure. Justice ougut to be granted without eale, denial or delay. - Every party ourht to know the dav on which his cause will hie 0 - 1 tried, and his witnesses ought to be detained but one j uaj 111 cuuii, uuicsa 11 toi c iiiüu one usj requcsiRo. for a trial of the cause. These objects cannot be attained by & partial modification of our present sys tem of practice, which was adopted when courts st two to four days, and tried causes in which little was involved except the passions of the parties. The pres-' ent system mut not be modified, but exploded. Many i fractals w vuiu uv.ua w v. 110 vurjuut l s. UUl toil 1 IJ g abuses. That which will add the least to the public expenditure, and yet approximate a removal of Ihe evils is the best. I propose the following remedy, viz: 1st. Two terms ff the Circuit Court per annum for tho trial of criminal cases, for the making up of! issues of fact in civil caues, and for the hearing and decisions of chancery causes in which no jury is required. These terms ought to beheld in mid-rummer, and mid-winter, and no grand jury ought to be empannclled except by 1 rder of the court. 2d. Two terms of the came court for the trials of issues of fact, the causes b-ingso docketed that there will be no probability of their crowding or postponing one another. Let there bo grand juries at these terms, and let them be held in the spring and autumn, when the laboring community is most at leisure. The objection to this plan is, that as a consequence of its adoption, courts will bo longer in session than under the present system, and that there wiil be a necessity for new circuits. But my proposition will save thousands of dollars to parties, vast inconvenience to witucsses, and dispensing with the attendance of some seven petit, and twelve grand jurors, will make the county expenditures less, as a whole, than it Is under the present system. My proposition also dispenses with associate judges, whose compensation now costs the counties in the State, not less than twelve thousand dollars annually. One third, or one half of this sum will pay all the additional Circuit Judges, required to carry out my proposition. . Before closing this communication, I desire to repeat that to prevent legislative experimenting, and to ensure the permanence of ft system, so that the people will understand the law controlling the action of our courts, I hope to bcc the same, aa far as possible prescribed by the new Constitution. I Lave made a pencil ketch of a plan, which is by mi means as perfect as I could make it, so far as concerns ft first rate, and speedy administration of justice. B it economy is, and ought to be, a high consideration with a self governing people. I have sacrificed much, but I hope not too much, to that idea. TYRO. Dkath or Brother of Henry Clay. The laal surviving brother of the Hon. Henry Clay, the Rev. Forter Clay, died at tho city of Camden, in Arkansas, on the 16th ultimo, in the 71st year of his age. It is said that, like his distinguished brother, he was, in all his attainments of education, self-made. Although his career was less known, ho was distinguished and endeared to the circle of his acquaintances by his quiet and unobtrusive virtues, by his perfect uprightness of conduct, and by his fervent devotion, in and out of the pulpit, to the Christian religion. Two Weeks Sleep. We witnessed yesterday afternoon, m College Half, the waking up of a young lady of this city, mesmerized by Prof. Rodgers, who bad been in the mesmeric lcep for two weeks, during which time we learn ehe has been cured of a painful spinal affection. The uncle of the young lady. Judge II , formerly Mayor of Cincinnati, corroborated Ihe above statement. When waked up, the lady was asked how long she thought she had boon asleep and replied about two hours." When informed that it was two weeks, she laughed and seemed much astonished, and stated that she was entirely cured of her complaint. Cincinnati Times.

For the Indiana Slate Sentinel. Biennial Sessions of ihe Legislature Iowa. Mt. Vernon, Linn co., Iuwa, March 14, 1800. Metsrs. Editors: As ft native of Indiana, who, though exiled fur a season, yet hopes to end his days within her borders, I naturally fi-el interested in the discussions precedent to the formation of a new State Constitution. Among other supposed reforms, already in controversy, I notice a proposition for biennial instead of annual session of the Legislature. There is, in Indiant, a popular prejudice in favor of a change of this sort, which I siiared when I came here, but which I now think is not founded in consideration of propriety. The practical results of this provision, in the Constitution of Iowa, have not as far as I have heard an expression oT opinion, answered tiie ex jactations i-f its advocates. Take a few facts. I came here early in 1846, jut in time to vole for the adoption of the new Constitution. Since then we have had a session every winter till last, (and we narrowly escaped having one then,) it having been found necessary to have a tolled session at one of the two constitutional intervals which have since occurred. With their present experience on the subject, I have no doubt the people of Iowa would decide, if the matter were befre them for decision, in favor of short annud sessions of the Legislature, in preference to their present constitutional provision of biennial sessious. A STRAY HOOSIER.

By TfJegraph. Congressional. Washington, March 22, 1859. Senate The bill granting pension to the widow of General Worth was introduced, considered and passed. Mr. Belt's resolution calling for a c -py of ihe instructions to our agent employed to visit Hungary during the war between that C utitry and Austria, were taken up and passed. Mr. Bradbury's resolution, Telative to removals from office, was taken up, but a motion to post pom utit'l to-morrow prevailed. ' - The Senate then took up Mr. B-llN compromise resolutions, upon which tho pending question was Foote's motion to refer to a Select Committee of thirteen. . Mr. Dayton had the floor and spoke upon the gen eral question of Slavery, particularly with reference to California. He attributed all exising embarrass ments to the war with Mexico. He was in favor of the immediate admission of California without qual ification. House. The bill reported from the committee of the Whole appropriating 100,000 tor the relief of the captors of the frigate Philadelphia, in the Harbor of Tripoli, was read,, but objections being made it was laid over. Mr. Thomas moved that the Houfe go into C-im-mittee of the Whole on the Private Calendar. The question bring taken, it was decided affirm a tively by tho cneiing vote of the Speaker. After some time being spent on private bills the Deficiency Bill was taken up in Committee and dis cussed until adjournment. Trial for Assault and Battert with intent TO Mokder- A portion of last week was occupied by the Wayne C rcuit Cnrt in trying n man by the name of Simon Miyrr far an dsauti and batlerv on the body of Leopold Lyuse, with an intent to commit murder. Mnycr was convicted and sentenced to 14 years confinement in tho Pen. tentiary and finrd $1000. The Wayne Co. Whig makes the following statement in relation to this case: "Both the defend ant and the Prosecuting witness are Jews; and Pedlars, and came to this country during last summer from Germany, where they lived within three mijes of each other wrhotit however,. being ocquaiated. 'The defendant as it was proved; mi' the trial, attempted to take the I. ft? of Lynn-j at Ihe.house of a Mr. Dickover, we.t of Hagerstowiii " by - shooting It appeared that the defendant had -circulated reports in regard to the insanity of Lyosc, and of his losing his money, at the houso of Dickover, and in that neighborhood, and afterwards brought him to Dickover's house to stay all night. B ull parties were put in the same bed up stairs; and tome time in the after part of the night, Lynee and olher persons sleeping in the room were awakened by the report of a pistol, and the defendant was seen rising from his knees in front of the bed. It appears that the muzzle of the pistol had been placed to the forehead of Lynsc, and discharged, but by some strange and un accountable mystery the ball glanced from off the skull bone, and was flattened out to about the size o a 1 wtMiiy-uTc uur.i piece, iyusc sti uui onji'' u-, jured. Before attempting the murder, the defendant j I- aa A tea 1 an firra f as ntaA ti 1 ea rwalrt' " w Lr it aa intnr I - . r. . : 1 t-.-.i.i: i..l :

about $200 in nWey, and $300 in promissory notes. " ö"?nd: 3""P5ei.le in action It is blind Mayer owed Lynse $137 for goods previously sold d "'h. anuw,th .ut sensation ! Who shall to him " , deliver 11s from this death !" "The defendant still persists in his innocence, and V1 frth article is devoted to the question of tlawe learn from the jailor, that be is determined to." ad the unconstitutional prohibition of the mistarve himself rather than go to tho Penitentiary;' prati-m of bhicks. He speaks of things in terms of There is a remote possibility that he may be inno-, much biiternCM. 'Life, liberty and property, he cent, but from the testimony in the case, we 1-mk up- J-. are all tu be j-.tipardicd for the purpoxe of soon the transaction as a cold-blooded and deliberate curing to the slaveholding aristocracy the power of attempt at murder; and that in his conviction he oppressing the African, and expelling the lahorin g majesty of tho law has been nobly vindicated by the whites from our State !M But. he adds jury." Richmond Jffersonian, March 22. ' j" "Rctribulion ever follows upon crime. The hand7 ' writing is upon the wall. Siaverj is doomed. No Protection. We clip the following. from a whig new combination of parties no proper constitution paper: .' uot even disunion can neit! 'Still agitation ! Thirty thousand landlords .own England; three Ah, that's the word, is it! Despots have been trythousand own all Scotland; six thousand own all jpg that for long centuries, and agitation is not yet Ireland, leaving more than twenty-five millions in- stilled! Neither dungeons, nor the halter, nor the habitants of those countries without a foot of God's faggot, nor the rack, nor the cannon, has been able creation. to still it ! A faint cry it was in 76, 'all men are Yet these 39,000 landlords clamor for the "prolec kirn f:ee and equal, but it is still spreading deep tion" of tb government against free trade in grain, answers unto deep nation unto nation till ell the and insist lhat these "twenty -live- millions of inhabi- earth hall hear." tants" shall be taxed for thmr benefit, la thit court- J In ,lia fiflh article ,)C ifl af;er ,e jaw.rer, an(j nngm try the position of the parties is reversed. Tue grain carC(j members of the convention with a very tharp growers outnumber the mauufaturers in about the gtjcjj. . . same proportion, yet the whig party, the peculiar ad- ; vocatcs of the latter clas, insist that the millions of j The Eight Kind or Talk. Every day adds to the agriculturists shall be taxed for the protection of evidence that the Southern disnnionists in Congress the few thousand manufacturers. Thus in both cun- J Jn not reflect Southern rntimeiit, as the disunion tries tho advocate of protection, seek to drny t the petitions from the North do not show the wish of the masses a free exchange of their products, which , people of this quarter. Governor Browu, of Florida, would redound to their mutual advantage, .for the j b is recently replied to a letter from Mr. Yulee and itirpose of fostering the minions of. privilege the joJiers, aekiog the executive to devise a mode of proanded lords of Greet Britain on the one hand, and !ceeding bv which Ihe will of the Commonwealth can

ihe lords of tbe loom and spindle in the Ü- S.' on the other. Ills. Stale Register. Mr. Webster has jww mado a compact wilh Mr. Calhoun, and not only "jumps Jim Crow," but falsifies history. He says, by virtue of "an irrepealable law," any new States erected out of " any portion of the territory" of Texas, "shall be Slave States." We quote from the joint resolutions annexing Texas as we fiud thetn in the Washington Union a paper devoted to Southern interests : " And such Slates as may be formed out of that portion of said territory lying South of thirty-six degrees thirty minutes north latitude, commonly known a the Missouri Compromise line, shall be admitted into the Union fjT- tcith or vilhoul Slavery as the people of such State asking admission may desire. And in such State or States as hall be funned i-tit of eaid territory north of said Missouri Coupromine line, slavery or involuutary servitude (except for crime) shall be prohibited." Mr. Calhoux wa closeted with Mr. Webster fur some nine hours. Doubtless f-howed Mr. Webster all the kingdoms of the earth and aid all these will I give thee ! !Vi r. W. could not resist temptation, but fi ll down and worshipped ! Rochester, N. Y., Daily Ado. NoBLS Conduct of a Slave. At the Gre which oc curred in Sparta, on the niphtof the 19th inst.,an incident occurred strikingly illustrating the fidelity and personal devotion of a slave to a kind master. It seems that the fire, by which so large a portion of tbe Tillage was consumed, spread with such incredible rspidity as to allow the citizens no time to save their property, and in sein instance hardly uft5cietit to escape from their burning houses. Dr. Muckic, who but a short time before had been burnt out, was taken by surprise in his chamber, and lost his furniture, books', witch, and even hia wearing appart l; and but fr the great presence if mind, and gcuerous devotion of one of his servants, would, in all probability, have perished himself. The lower story of the building was on fire, and the stairway having been consumed, there seemed no possible ntraus of escape. In this critical juncture, his faithful servant came to bis side, and seizing a feather bed, threw it from tli window, then throwing his master oon it, he sprang from the window himself. Neither the doctor nor the boy received any injury. Savannah Morning .Years.

Disunion. We publish the following extract from De Toequeville as a remarkable; evidence of Ihe sagacity tf that enlightened traveller nd a 5 furnil.;n a plausible solution of tie caue cf Southern dis-oti'ent and of the apparent tendency of Iii Southern Slates toward ft dissolution -f the Union: It it ditScalt ia imiins a durable uoi m of a peopls wfcich i rich and troiig with one which i -oor anj weak, ea if it we e piorrd that ibe sting-a and wealth of lb one aie not 'h caurt of the vreaknex and povcity cf lbs other. Biit union it g:ill more difficult tt rrnintaio at a lira at which party i lo.jng tittigth and the other ia gaining it. Ttii rapid an J dia.iri'jroi 11 u'e iucrte of certain Statei thta.teni Iba indrpeuilenra of the othrrt. Bat evta if the more powerful Statei make no effjfl to bar djwa upon the letter one, ihe danger tili exii for tktrt is almost at much in the possibility of the act at in the act itself. The weak e!ittruit the jut:re and raii i f ihe ttruog. The State which increaee leea ri1tjr than Ihe otbera look a poo thoie who are more favored by foil tine with envy and ins-

piciun. iieuce ante the deep eatc uoea.me.a and lll-ue-bned agitation which are otxcrvablc in the Souih, and wbkh form 0 ati iking a contrast to the confidence and prosperity wnicn are common 10 other parle i.l the Union. The inhabitants of the Soethero Statei are. of all the Americana, thoae wbo are most interested in the maintenance of the Union. They would assuredly suffer most from being left to themelve, and yet they are the only citizens that threaten to break the tie uf the Union. But it ii easy to perceive that the South which has given four Piesidents to Ibe Union, finds that it is lot in jr. ju influence, that Ihe nnmber of its repiesenia'ives in Coocrcas are dirainishiur. whilst those of the Northern and Western States are increasing! the South, which is peopled br ardent and irascible being, is becoming mote and m re irritated and alarmed. The citizens rrjlect on their present and past ißxenee teith the melancholy uneatiness ef trm u ho surptct oppression. If inejr ncover a law 1.1 the Umon which is not eo vocally farorable to their interest. Iber prolett against it as an abuse of force, and, if their ardent remons'rancos are not listened 1. tbey threaten to quit an as iitioo which loads then with butdens whilst it deprives tbera uf their due nrofita. If the changes I have deciihed were gradual, so that each genetaiion at least would have time to duippear with the iaer 01 tiling under which it has Itred, Ihe danger Would be less t but the pr g.ess of society is piecipiiate. almost rev olutionary. The same r'nizen may have lived to eee bis State Iske -ad in the Ui.ioo, and afterward become puwtiless iu ihe Federal Assemblies 1 and an American republic has been kflown to gro as rapiJIy as a man, pasting fiom Dii-n or uiKncy 10 ma'uri'y in the cooise or thniy yeais. It tnuit not be imagined, however, that the States which lose their preponderance also lose their populating or their riches no stop is put t' their protperity, and ibey even go on to increase more lapilly than any kingdom in Europe. Bui they believe themselves to be impoverished because their wealth does out augment as rapi lly as that of their neighbor 1 and they think that their power it lost because tbey suddenly come into collision with a puWer greater than tbeir own. Thus they are more hurt in their feelings and passions than in their interests. But this ii amply sufficient to eudanger tbe maintenance of the Union. Thus ihe inospeiiiy of ihe United State is the source of tbe most aeiimis dangers that threaten them, since it tends to create in some of the States that over excitement which accompanies a rapid increase of fortune, and 10 awaken in others that feeling of envy, mistrust, and regret which usually attend upon Ihe loss uf it J Th Americans contemplate this extraordinary and hasty progress with exultation but ttiey would be wicr to cii.ijcr it with sorrow aud alarm. Thus t.'tis eiilightencd f reiffuer had the sagacity to prefigure, fifteen years ag, the existing state of thugs, with as rtiucli truthfulness almost as if he were now here and describing whit was going on. We are satisfied that "envy, mitrut, and regret," produced by comparing the present political inferiority of the South with its firmer upremacy and by contrasting its slower growth in wealth and populati-m, when compared with uther sections, have been more the occasion of the prevailing diacon'ent than any specific wrong it has received at the hands of the free S ates. To treat the disease pnpyrly one must know its cau. and hence the tiecessity that the people of every section snould fully understand the cause of the Southern ailment. The statesmen North and West will feci the importance of apply inganothing but pilliatives and lenitives to their Southern brethren until the present excitement has had time to wear off. The statesmen cp the Sou'li will ali eee the necessity of waiving the proporfrd Nashville convention and doing nolli'm cal culated to exasperate Southern jealousy and ill will. Ti'B fits of e-pleeti and jealousy, which are unavoidable to individuals a.id which often influence the masses, should never be permitted o operate upon those who aspire to the rhtracter of statesmen to assume the responsible station of lenders of their generation. 'LouistiUe Journal. C. M. Clay and the . Constitctiox or Kentucky. The Louisville Courier is publishing a series of able caustic articles from the pen of Caviius M. Clay, showing up the th-turditirs, grammatical blunders and flat contradiction r.f one portion or another, in the new constitution of Kentucky. According to his exposition the instrument will require revision by a country schoolmaster, before it will be . intelligible. He eays, in conclusion of bis third ar- : I id. l scorn criticism in connection with this thingvoluminous, complicated and abeurd impracticable . be carried out, as it was e.xpre-pcd in a series of resolutions alleged to have been unanimously "enacted by the general assembly of the Ivato at its last session, contemplating the appointment of delegates to the Nashville Convention. The Governor's reply evinces no sympathy with disunion sentiment; he knows of the existence of no power or authority in himself to cause the appointment of such delegates. Hia letterCondemns the conversion as revolutionary' in its tendency, and against the spirit if not tho letter of the Constitution; and it intimates lhat, i' the Federal Government is of the fashion that his correspondents seem to think, there is not much wisdom or consiiftctiey in seeking to ave it by means of a SotubJ ern convention. It concludes with an eloquent ad monition to his correspondents, that, when they have discharged their whole luty in resisting unconstitutional aggressions within their sphere as senators and representatives, then they can return to their constituents; with a clear conscience, assured that tue honor, liberty, and welfare T the S:ate have been properly defeuded, and lave to the people and to the State Legislatures of the South, under God, to devise the rightful remedy. The Mokmoxs of Deseret or Salt Lake. The brother and successor of Joseph Smith has published the following letter : "I am in possession cf proofs to show that bands of Salt Lake Mormons, clothed and armed as Indians and in perfect disguise, with their bodies and faces painted like Indians, jiave taken positions on the high road from Oregon and California, in order to plunder the companies of emigrants. Many murders and robberie have already been committed by these devil ia human shape, which are all published to the world as If committed by Indians. 'Tlis Mrnin church at Salt Lake is under the government of a secret lodge. In this lodje Brighani Young has been crowned as king and sits there upon a throne erected for him." (Signed.) "William Ssiitn. fjT" " I really cannot sing, believe me, sir, was the reply of a young lady to an empty fop. I am rather inclined to believe, madam,' rejoined he, with a smirk, " that yon are fishing for compliments." No sir," exclaimed the lad, 'I never fiih in such shallow streams."