Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 39, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 February 1850 — Page 2

3afttauci Blatt Sentinel. KTCK5AL VlBIlAKCE If THE PftlCZ OF LIBEKTT.

INDIANAPOLIS, FECIIUAIIT 2, ISSO. Our Terms. The following will hereafter be the permanent terms of the WttVy Indiana Stale Sentinel: QrPoyment to be made always in advance. One copy, one year,. $'2.00 Three copies, on year, S.00 One copy during the sessior, 5 Ten cupies, in club., one year, 15.00 Seini-Wccklj. (Published three tin en a week during the wninn.) One copy, 100 Three copie. $10.00 One copy durin the session," 1.U0 All papers will be stopped at the end of the term paid for, unless the subscription is renewe!, except to those with whom we have other unsettled business accounts. Any person sending us a club of ten. with cash, at the rate of 81-50 each, shall have a copy gratis for one year. For a greater number than ten, the gratuity shall be increased in proportion. All postmasters are requested to act as agents, end as such, by a recent decision of the department, they are authorized to frank letters for the benefit of subscri ber. Committee Meeting ! Tbe Marion County Democratic Committee is requested to meet at tho State Sentinel Office on Saturday next, March 2d, at 2 o'clock, P. M., on business of importance. The following gentlemen compose the committee: Centre Township A. F. Morrison, J. Langsdale, J. S. Spann, G. A. Chapman, and C. Werbe. FrankIin Jacob Springer. Perry James Webb, and I. W. Hunter. Piks A. Klingensmith, and John Moore. Washington E. James, and Geo. Smith. Wayne Wm. Martin, and Wm. K. Johnson. Lawrence M. Webb, and Joseph Johnson. Warren E. N. Shimer, end Z. P. Hand. Decatur Y. E. R. Wilson, and A. D. Cuddington. Jacob Glazier, Esq. a member from Franklin, has deceased. , Circular of tlie Iiidiau;. Democratic State Central Committee. In tbe present crisis of our affairs as a party and a Sate, it becomes our duty, as the regularly constituted committee of the Democracy of Indiana, to cast about us, and see where we stand, and what are the dangers, if any, that beset our path. At the last annual election, of State and National officers, we were most signally successful, resulting- in a triumphant majority in favor of our candidates for Governor and Lieutenant Governor, and in the election of majorities in both branches of our State Legislature, and nearly our entire ticket of members of Congress. This very success, so brilliant and dazzling in its character, may prove an evil in the coming elections, if we fold our arms under the delusive idea, that we are invincible, and therefore, it is useless to ue further effbrts. ' Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty ; this should be our motto, and we should never forget it. Power is ever stealing from the many to the few, and our opponents are determined to act on this principle, at the coming elections. The Whig members of the Indiana Legislature, at the recent session, ere tbey left the capital, held a secret session. together with some others of the party, in which were no dubt fully and freely discussed tbe means of gaining a party triumph, either in the next Legislature or State Convention, to assemble in October, t alter and amend the Constitution of our State, if not in both. This meeting resulted in the adoption of an unusually long string of resolutions, which Lave been thrown out a Whig principles for the coming canTass. In relation to the great subject of Constitutional reform, there appears to be a studied effort to deceive. It is well known that nearly all the new Constitutions that have been lately adopted, have been the work of Democratic Conventions. In the acts of those Conventions the capacity of the people to elect all their oficers, judicial as well as legislative, has been fully indicated. The power of legislative bodies to contract debts, by a combination of local interests, so' disastrous to our own State, has been curtailed in ' these Democratic Constitutions, and this feature of ( reform is very popular in Indiana. Many other qucs- ! tions, under the controlling influence of the spirit of the age, have become self-evident propositions. A j number of these have been seized upon by the secret I caucus above alluded to, and appropriated as the ex-j elusive property of the Whig party of Indiana. We! are glad to see our opponents coming over to these . t, i , but we demur to the claim they set up. But ' measures. the question here arises, are these self-evident propor I sitions the only reforms to be made in our State Constitution 1 If so, why all this expense of one hundred and fifty delegates to attend the Convention ? Why was so much interest manifested, that every portion of the State should be represented 1 No, fellow-citizens, the object in the adoption of these resolutions was to deceive. It is said, that Satan himself sometimes assumes the appearance of an angel of light, and we know that our first parents were thus deceived. We should profit by the lesson. Tbe whole Constitution of our State will be thrown open ' for alteration and amendment. Democratic Conventions Lave made Constitutions in accordance with the spirit of the age and are therefore to be trusted, and we believe there are very many persons, still acting with the whig party, that would nsuch rather trust oar Constitution in the hands of a Democratic Convention, than with their own party friends. There is another election, almost equally iniportant as that of Delegates to a State Convention the election of members of the next Legislature of our State. This election not only appertains to our interests at home in Indiana; but the Legislature, having to elect! a Senator in the Congress of the United States, the political character of our State in the National Legislature is involved sod when we look at the efforts that were made, at the last election, by Truman Smith and others, from Washington, to bribe Indiana into the support of Whig Congressmen, by promises of office, we may read a lesson in whig tactics, that will sgain be put in requisition. The favorite of the whig party at the last senatorial election in Indiana was Caleb 6. Smith, now holding one of the most lucrative offices at Washington f but whose present term of service will expire, just in time to take his seat in tbe United States' Senate, if elected. It is well known that be has controlled roost of the ap pointments for Indiana under the present administration, and, under the plan laid down by his njmesake Truman, last summer, can promise many others, in the event of a whig majority in the next Legislature, and the consequent election of a whig Senator to the Congress of the United States. The fear of this interference from Washington would not have been alluded to, were the fact not staring us in tbe face, that Circular letters from that city, signed by Truman Smith, now a Senator in the Congress of the United Slates, and the acknowledged mouth-piece of the Ptesident in that body, were extensively circulated throughout, tbe State, previous to our last annual election, justifying all we have said. It is true that these efforts at political bribery met with a signal rebuke, bot we have no renson to believe that they will cot sgain be made in some shape, having a greatet

prospect of success. We should therefore be vigilant. The harmonious action of the Democratic members of the last Legislature in tbe electionu that took place before that body, we trust will be carried out in all our nominations throughout the State. In every instance, during the session, the whole strength of the party was cat for the Democratic nominee. We should do injustice to our own feelings were we not also to express our thanks, in behalf of the people of Indiana, to those who failed of a nomination, for the readiness wjth which rhey acquiesced in the decision of the majority, particularly wben we consider thiir high qualifications fir the stations to which they aspird, and integrity of character. These thiugs will not be forgotten by a par'y whose object is the maintenance of great principles, and which can never be effectual without uuited and harmonious action. As wo believe the time has now come for action,

and as we believe that the people of the townships and counties throughout the Slate, should act on the great questions at issue for themselves, we would reepectfullj. suggest a plan of bringing this desired object about, as follows : 1. We recommend that the Democrats of every township in the State meet at the place of holding the township elections, in each county, on the first Monday of April, and select Delegates to a County Convention, to nominate candidates for the August election. 2. That the County Conventions, for the nomination of candidates', be held in each county, on Saturday the 13lh of April, if some other day shall not be fixed upon. 3. We would also respectfully recommend, that at the County Conventions, the Democrats in the counties generally, nominate a full ticket, embracing Delegates to the Convention to amend the Constitution, as well as all other officers. Iu looking at the perplexing and somewhat alarm ing questions, which now agitate the nation, we can peak for" the Democracy and people of Indiana, and we take great pleasure in saying, that here, in almost the very centre of the nation, we see a calm, a rational and a growing attachment for our glorious Union, and Governor Wright has well reflected the feelings of the people of our Siate, in the motto he has directed to be placed upon our share of the monument to the memory of Washiugtou " Indiana knows no North, no Soul h, nothing BUT THE Union." Can the Democracy of the West, by a severance of the Union, bid farewell to all the glorious recollections that cluster around the field of New Orleans, where Western men stood side by side with those of the South, in a common defence of our country and of tbe free navigation of the noble stream on which it is located 1 Shall wc bid adieu tu the Northern fields of glory and renown consecrated by tho blood of otir revolutionary sires? These all are ours. Heaven, in mercy, has vouchsafed them to us as one people, and with the immortal Jackson we will ever be found saying The Union must and shall be preserved, at every hazard. A. G. rORTER, DR. A. GALL, 1 V. REYNOLDS, DR. L. DUNLAP. W. H. MORRISON, C. A. CHAPMAN, C. G. WERUE, N. BOLTON. FRANCIS KING, J. P. DRAKE. Demoer at ie ySat Central Commute. Democratic Editors throughout the. State are requested to publish the above Circular in their re pective papers, at as early a day as possible, scd shou'd the suggestions be approved, urge an immediite action, by giving as general a circulation as possible among tbe people. The McGinley Case. We are gratified to hear that measures have been adopted by the officers of State to have the cause of Patrick McGinley, against the State, brought up to the Supreme Court. This was an award for something over twenty thousand dollars against the State. We understand thrt an appeal to the Supreme Court was asked by the officer appointed in the bill to manage the case for the State ; and that the appeal was granted at the time the demand was made. We do hope that this case (about which much has been said) will yet be considered by the Supreme Court upon its merits, and if the Judges shall decide the case in favor of McGinley, that the last dollar will be paid to him, with interest, and in this sentiment all our citizens will concur; if decided against him, he should not have a dollar. Let it pass through tho same tribunal that all questions of litigation between citizens are subjected to, and we are content with the result, let it be what it may. Holl them Up! Tumble them up! Any way so you get them op! Subscribers are coming in rapidly ; and especially are our thanks due to those who are active in getting us , . . . , . ? I n ru I Kai mtf .o.r a mrAH that thmw ....iin. ... ... . . nrf.ru I rm rra arm that lhv itill Ka rrw.t n..t fa" - J ..... u vu V with corresponding and increased exertion. We are gratified to receive such assurances as we have, not only from "our side of the house," but also from tho intelligent and liberal portion of the whig press, especially, in relation to the ability of oar numerous correspondents on the subject of their communications on State reform. Without much "blow" on the subject, we think nay, we know that we have tho assistance of the ablest men in the State, of both political parties ; and while we do uot expect ourselves or our readers to agree with allt especially as they do not agree themselves, we know it to be for the benefit of all, that every subject should be discussed, and that in a manly and liberal tone. Among those which last Saturday's mail brought us, we acknowledge a club of ten from R. M. C. Bedford ; one from R. W. N., Grandview, 111., often from S. D., Thorntown ; one of eleven from W. G., Noblesville; one of ten from J. L. K., Morgan county; and subscription from J. V. V., Marion, Ind. That's the ticket ! Send 'em along. Georgia Lands. We publish to-day an adrertisement, by the Governor, offering for sale a large quantity of land in Georgia. Tbe advertisement should have appeared iu our last paper, but was accidentally omitted. These lands are a part of tho wreck of property, received as collateral security, f r State Bonds sldbythe Fund Commissioners, during the era of the Interna Improvement System. They cost tho State more dollars than she can get cents for them ; but "what's done can't be helped." By the way, if the Union be dissolved, before these lands are sold, will our share in the State of Georgia belong to the North," or will the "South" claim it as a pari of her rightful "plunder." Some ultraist might make a tearing speech, in Congiess, on this matter! We ahould like to take a dime an acre for our share, considering the awful state of affairs at Washington ! QSee also another official advertisement for the sale of valuablo and very well situated lots in this city. The terms are exceedingly favorable. Soldi EEs or the Late War. A petition for tho signatures of such citizens of the Sate of Indiana as have served their country in its various battle fields, either in wars with the Indians, or in the last war with England, &c. is at this office for signatures. The old veterans, who do not see the members of the committee appointed at a late meeting on the subject, can accomplish the object by calling at this office, and recording their names to the memorial, about to be presented to Congress. We hope to hear from alt of thetn fivn, who have sot signed others.

By Telegraph. Coiigrexsioiiall - Washington, Feb. 21, 13"j0. Senate. -Several resolutions and octitions were

presented and referred. . - t . n , t r l t i o testimonial to PinUm Piutlr nf tint Kritiah bark Ö.1- i ,.h r., I.;., ..m- ; .Ä..s it. -,.ncrr and crew of the Caleb Grimshaw passed. I h Senato then resumed the consideration or the President's California message. ' Mr. Miller having the floor, he addressed the Strn-,24

ale at length. He said the President had left for.duce one-half and the ine will be $1 ,200 per annum.

Richmond, to participate in laying the corner stone of the Washington Monument. Tue omen was good, and he trusted that this foundation stone might do much to strengthen the foundation Mono of the Union. After spcakiu? of the prosperity of the .Union, he proceeded to review Ihe Slavery question, t . a a . nut gave way to a moiion to adjourn till iHonuay next. House. After some business or no importance a resolution passed that when the House adjouru it . shall be to Monday next. The Il"use then went into Committee of the Whole on the President's California Message. Mr, Bissel having the floor addressed the.Committi.e. After speaking of the dissolution of the Union, which is in the mouth of every Southern man, he said he could speak for his own State. If danger menaced the Union, Illinois would come to the support of the Government. H spoke for Illinois and lie thought he could for the Whole Northwest, when , he said that there was not a man there who would ' support any movement iu favor of a aissolution of the Union; and they would swear bt the Eternal God, as he did now that it shall not be done. He spoke at considerable length, forcibly, logically and patri otically. After some further debates the Committee rose and the House adjourned. Washington, Feb. 23, 1S50. The Senate yesterday confirmed the appointment of judge Drummond, to be United Spates Judge tor the Eastern District of It is understood that Mr. Calhoun will make his long promised speech on Monday, in the Senate, if his health permits, of which there is now a good prospect. On Tuesday Mr. Benton will follow. Each of these rival champions will define and defend his own position. Congressional. It is said that there is a clear majority in both Houses For the admission of CJali fornia, with her present limits and constitution. On the 19th inst., there were in the House only about seventy out of two hundred and ten members, who were opposed to her admission. The geographical line was distinctly drawn upon the question. The Southern members are always certain of votes enough to call the yeas and nays, ard can, therefore, always obstruct action by demanding them, on motions to call the House, to ndjoum, to lay on the table, &c. Scenes of this sort have commenced, and indications are that they will continue during the session. The California Delegation, says the correspondent of the Baltimore Sun, are "dead set" against the Wilmot Provis ), and will vote against it iu ct cry shape, when admitted to their scat Disunion. The Washington Uuion of the 19th, without a word of comment, publishes an Address of Ihre' or four columns, from Mr. R. W. Johnson, member of Congress from Arkansas, to the citizens of that State. This address goes to the extreme in the inculcation of local and geographical issues, and to the incitement of the worst feelings and prejudices. Mr. J. speaks to his constituents in earnest, and tries to prove to them that the Union is a curse, instead of a blessing. He is very solicitous that the news papers and politicians of his State, should take active measures to promote disunion. Judging from the tone of the Arkansas paper, we do not think the ad vice of Mr. Johnson will be heeded. Mem bers of

Congress are very apt to get excited, beyond measure, attempt a methodical discu-sion of the various quesat mere trifles, especially if they are patrons of Mr. tions which maybe presented for consideration. I

John Foy, or his successor in the saloon near the Capitol. Grand Larceny On Saturday evening about 9 o'clock, officers Colley and Pilbean arrested two persons from Johnson county, named Jacob Dilman and J. David Dilman, on a charge of grand larceny. They were committed for trial by Justice Sullivan, in default of bail, $500 each. It seems, according to the evidence, that the accused, perhaps in company with another, who fled, had paid their respects very generally to the stores on Washington street during the evening, and had adroitly levied contributions on enough of them, to secure for themselves the favor of the patronnge of Mr. Patterson at Jeffersonville, for a length of time sufficient to satiny the most am- . . . bmous young man. ine one nrst lauen, maae most desperate enons 10 escape from the clutches of the officers. The bystanders, it is said, did not aid tbe officers, supposing perhaps it was some "whiskey insurrection." The second did escape temporarily, but the officers pursued him on horseback, and overtook him. Probably a good deal of stealing lias been done in the manner adopted by these men. Merchants should not only be watchful, but cautious also, how they provoke temptation by an injudicious exposure of goods. Of all the modes of getting along in the world, stealing on a small scale, and in the face and eyes of the law, is lhe most wretched. It makes a man idle and improvident, and in the end puts him in quad certainly. Noble Use of Wealth The New York Tribuno states that Henry Griunell has projected an expedition in search of Sir John Franklin proposing to fit out two ships at his own cost, to be commanded by naval officers appointed by Government. The Trib une says: "If the expedition should be successful in finding that intrepid navigator the wholo reward offered by the British Government and by Lady Frank lin, after deducting the expenses of the expedition, is to be "divided smong the officers and crews of the vessels, ohould it prove unsuccessful, the who'e loss falls upon Mr. Grinnell. In such noble and benevo lent enterprises as this lies the true use of wealth, and Mr. Grinnell has shown an example of what a merchant prince should be, which .will win the admi ration of the world." Of the many citizens of our Slate who have start ed for Eldorado, on the Pacific, we know of no one whose enterprise we wish more success to, than that of Dr. A z el Holmes of Tcrre Haute, who goes out prepared with a suitable building and all the neces sary fixtures and supplies, for a Hospital, which he proposes to establish near the centte of tbe great mining operations. Such an institution must be needed there, and we say God speed the Doctor in his commendable work; we know him well, and can re commend him personally and professionally to our fel low-mea wherever his lot may bo cast. Jo. 0. Jones, Esq., formerly postmaster at Terre Haute, passed through this city yesterday, on his way to California. We regret to lose eo good a cil izen, even temporarily; but what we lose, California will gain, and she will find such men as Jones better than gold, yea, than fine gold ! Camel Transportation. C. W. Webber is out in a circular to the "Young Men of America," to aid in importing Camels and Dromedaries for the purpose of general transportation across the isthmus and from Corpus Christi to San Francisco. Capital $30,000, all of which he estimater can be made in one year leaving the whole stock on band. The papers are too lengthy for our columns, but will bo submitted for inspection to any desirous of seeing and reading them.

For tie State Sentinel. The Jew Constitution. No. V. If aked tchere the reduction of cxpeneea tmuld begin,

. I answer, it might brgin at ihe Opilat. The legialaturs - : . . . r i -n t t i I. - iKi eoniisls of loO lnemlirr dolUrt per H.IV. For rt per Ii y. For sis tvnek tin sum amounts to i8,ww. Keuuce to two dmi.ra per any ana me saving wuw ds ouu per annum, supposing ne memuers io ' rage 100 mil? travel each, at 12 cents each per mile, cents both waya, ihe esein would he $2,400. Re Ailopt biennial enMon of ihn legislature, instead of annual, and the saving mar he set down at $25,0U0 for each aesition aholiahed, or $12,500 per year aaved. These items, supposing ihui to b corrrct, would amount tu $'J0,(X)Ü. Including the expenses of printing, paper, fire, pity i.f mrinbeiv, &.r., this calculation will bo found accurate enough fir all practical purposes, ihoug'i it does not pretend to any exactness. This is only one branch oi the public service, but it is a fair spe cimen of what may ba dons in some other branches. If ws would govern the public expenditures by a aever economy, we must not decpise the day of small things. A little here and a little there, saved will amount to $50,000 par annum. But only $20,000 per annum saved, and put at six per cent, compound interest, with the sum saved added each jear, would conatilute a sinking fund sufficient to discharge tbe entire Siata indebtedness to less than sixty years. I know it will ba said that $3 per day ia not loo much to pay members of the legislature, and that twelve cents per mile will not more than pay travelling expenses. Out my answer is, that no body no to goes to the legislature as a money making business that we should command the services of the very same men at two dollars, that we do at three ; and that I can travel from Indiana to Doaton, Mass., at an expenas of six cents per mils, and upon the best steamers and railroad cars slay a week, and return home with three dollars in my pocket. This would bs a distance of about two thousand miles, and the coat, including meals and lodging, would bs less than two and a half cents per mile. I believe that the six New England States pay only two dollars per day to the members of their legislature, where the coat of living is much higher than in the Western States. In fact, several of the Western States pay them but two dollars. Provision will have to be made for dividing the State into judicial diatricts for the election of Judges, into Senatorial and Repreaentalive districts lor Ihm election of members of the legislature, and for congressional dis tricU, all of which ahould be ainglu diatricti, if possible. Two single Representative districts might constitute one Senatorial district. And it will ba for tho Convention to say, whether all legislative power shall not return to the people every two years whether Senators, Representa tives, and members of Congresi, d'overnnr, Secretary of State, and Slate Treasurer, shall not be elected biennialy The office of Lieutenant Governor might be abolUhed, and the Senate left to elect its own preaiding officer in the snme manner aa the House of Representatives. The Judges should be elected for a term of years, and then be ineligible forever after. The veto power of the Governor ahould be so extend ed us to require a majority of two-thirds of each branch of the legislature to pass a law in its defiance. Some provision should be mads for the organization of the Senate and House of Representatives, whenever there might be equal divisions of parties, so that the pub lie business should not suffer as it has recently at Wash iigton, and at Columbus, Ohio. SWITZERLAND. For the Indiana Slate Sentinel. CONSTITUTIONS L. lCUTOlSI. Legislative Assembly. Messrs. Chapmans Ar Spann: Aa you have solici ted communications in reference to the contemplated revision of the Constitution of Indiana it may be that an article or two trom me upon that subject would be acceptable. The subject might well claim the service of more able pens than mine and I am happy to notice ! t'ial tnere are ,nf)pe w'10 are willing to give it proper : attention. T Iiuva nnithnr tfianrn nr ftinshitinri r simply propose to offer a few thoughts and it may be to suggest some new, or to revise some former ideas, which, if deserving attention, if of sterling worth, -will probably rind other and abler advocates. Some amendments hvo been proposed upon which, I as ey a- y meei w,w. no oppos.won.ana arc iiKc.y lo be adopted by common consent, it is unnecessary to bestow much attention. Of these the proposition that all the State Officers, inducing the Executive, i the Legislative, the Judicial and the Ministerial shall elected by the feople, is perhaps the most pruminent. Other questions arermoo'ed, not of so ready acceptance, and it may be of more practicable difficulty. But the present is an ago of progrea. (tie true in Politic as in the arts and sciences that "tbe dreams uf ye'erday are the realities of to-day." We may I not Pre,"ma J11 th.e "l.ate of rI.tK.l perfection is yet attained, and while it would be folly to reject j lhe lßj.ons of ,he past it wouM be perbapf equa;j7 absurd to discard the hopes of the future. A question has been presented by "One of the Peo ple," snd is now being canvassed in your paper, which requires some consideration. The question has reference to the organization of the State Legislature and the propriety of retaining the two distinct Legslative bodies, frecedent, so far as our own and English history are concerned, ia in favor of the two bodies. This fortn of the legislature originated in England with the origin of the English parliament. It must, however, be admitted that it was adopted with no design to give to any individual or class of individuals, the right of a double representation in Parliament. Its single purnoee was to separate in Legislative action the two classes of that portion of English Society which it was then deemed expedient to admit to the right of representation in Parliament. A similar reason operated in the formation of the Co lonial Legislatures, each of which consisted of two bodies, representing in their origin, different classes in the community. The progress of liberal princi ples has, however, effected a change, not in the form of the Legislature not as would bave seemed most natural by the abrogation of one of those Legislative bodies, but in the const;tuency of tbe Upper House. The whole people bave become alike, tbe constituency of each body and thus has been consummated by acci dent, not design, a system of double representation in the Legislature. Ahe original design is discarded, and the reason for the present organization no longer exists. Those remarks are not applicable to the Con press of the United States ; a necessity for the two Houses of Congress exists and will continue so long ss the Union lasts. It may be admitted that with the present constita Lion of the Legislative constituency, the reasons for the double organization bave lost most of their force. The Representative whether in the Senate or the House ought to b and will be imbued with the spirit and feelings of his constituents. While the constituents of both bodies are the same, we know that those bodies will be controled by the same im pulses. The earnestness and ardor of youth in the one, and the wisdom and maturity of age in the oth er have long since ceased to be the peculiar charac teristica of those bodies. I, however, doubt the propriety of abrogating cither of tbe Legislative bodies. Before that shall be done it might be well to consider whether it were not better to classify the voters of the state so as to give to each of the Leg islative bodies a separate constituency. Do not be startled at the idea of a classification of the free and equal citizens of the State. I mean not by it a clas sification in reference either to birth, to wealth, or to intelligence. I would neither create or tolerate an aristocracy of family, of land, of money or of educa lion. There is however sn aristocracy of years a a knighthood of lime, a nobility of age and expert ence, to which Democrats, true and free as we sre, may well render both honor and reverence. To this honor all may equally anpire and all alike may hope to attain. I suggest that there be a classification of the voters into Senior and Junior Classes fixing the limit be tween thetn at about the age of forty-five years, the Senior class to bo represented by the Senate, and tbe Junior class by the House of Representatives. This organization would give to the House the quick im pulses, the ardent feelings snd the earnest and hope ful energy of youth, and to the Senate the thought fulness, maturity and wisdom of age and experience. Such a classification is not without a precedent. The Records of earliest time, the history of the origin of

the most ancient Republic of which we hare any knowledge, affrd u an example of a Constitution framed as we believe by more than hnman wisdom, recognizing a FomewLat similar classification. "The Elders" and "the congregation" were under the Jewish Constitution two distinct, popular Democratic bodies. We may if we choose, adopt the principle in the Reprentative, instead of the popular firm, Other precedents if we orght them, might be found in other history. But I have probably said wugh to call attention to the sul jrct. nd to induce reflection. Feb. 23d, 1850. Yours, &c. F. II.

For tht Statt Sentinel. The ITIiig Parly Its Origin and CharacterIts Politics and Purposes. The origin of the term whig is not well settled. It is supposed lo be of Scotch origin; and signified 'whey, first; and afterwards "poor, harassed people," persecuted by the crovcrnment ; and who in loäl took up arms against Charles the' second. The Duke of Monmouth was Kent sgaitist, and defeated them. But was badly treated for his supposed sympathy for them. Hence he became an opponent of the administration, and wild his adherents received the nick-name of whig. The word Tvry seems to be of Irish origin, and signified a Robber. It d cs not serin to have been applied to a political party till 1630; and then as a uickname. But in due tiin thr advocates nf hereditary rights and passive obedience, adopted it as their egn men, as did thtir opponents that f whig. Those two names were osfd to designate " two great divisions of the English aristocracy for 150 years;" and in fact they are so used to this day. On the eve of the Revolution, and during its progress towards maturity, the tories were in power; and hence thoe in America who opposed it, were properly called tories. In fact, on tha eve of the Revolution parties in England and the Colonics were divided on the same grounds, nud in both countries were designated as tories and whirs. During the early contests with the mother country the whigs of England favored the claims of the Colonies, and the lories of the Colonics favored the pre'.etiMons of the Crown of England to tax the Colonies without being represented. In this state of parties the Revolution broke out, and the tories were of course obliged to conceal themselves or flee the country. But at this time the whip only claimed the rights of Englishmen under the English Constitution; and did not even dream of a representative democratic Republic, like the one we enjoy as the fruits of these labors. Parties in the United States were first formed tin der the lead of Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jef ferson, under the name of Republicans and Federal ists. The Federalists favored a strong government, with a President and Senate for life, and other life office, while the Republicans advocated popular elee tions and limited tenures of aUijficts. The election of Jf fferson, with a Congress tf like politics, the death of Hamilton, and the bitter quarrels between Adams and Pickering, and other federal leaders, de siroyed the credit of the old federal party proper ; and itsopposition to the late war with Great Britain, rendered it su odious to the people that the leaders shed its name as snakes do iheir fkini, and a new party, with a new name, but with old principles, was formed, called National Republicm. In the mean time, the Republican party, that had been nicknamed Democrats by the Federalists, ' acknowledged the corn," and universally adopti-d the name as more properly and fully designntinp their peruUnr political principles than that of Republicans, but the defeat of lhe National Republicans in the triumphant t leva lion of General Jackon and the overthrow of their "American system," sgain rendered it expedient lo get rid of the unpopularity supposed to have become permanently attached to the name of National Republican ; and they cast it off as we d- an old coat, or ss they had done that of Ve.dera.Hft, as a snake easts olf Ins old skin, when it becomes burdensome. How they came by th name if WM? is not eiactly known. It is pvnerally conceded." we believe, that James Watson Webb is entitled to the credit of be stowing this cognomen upon this motjey body. Doubtless the present administration believe him entitled to this credit, as there is no other earthly reison for rewarding him with the German mission, with an outfit and salary of $9,000. It is amusing to witness the airs this alias party have put on since they found themselves in possession of the name of Whig. They sometimes call them selves Whigs of 76 and the democrats lories. But they have not one peculiar principle held by the whigs of i(5 not held by every American citizen while one 'thy have not. The whigs of 76 were opposed to high taxes upon commerce, while the pre sent wings are distinguished for high tariff on irn ports to protect the rich manufacturer. The whig party is a minority, and oAener entitled to the name of faction than parly. Under the present adminis tration, it finds itself in a dead minority in both Houses of Congress, and seems approaching another crisis, when it will b) necessary to take another name It is not denied that a large majority of its voting supporters are actuated by patriotic motives; but its leaders are office seekers and monopolists. OBSERVER. Messrs. Chapmans As a Convention is about to be called to alter or revise the Constitution of our State, would it be repugnant to the Constitution of the United Slates, or derogatory to a republican Government, to have a clause inserted therein, dt-baring any drunk man from voting while in a state of intoxication ; and would not such a provision have a tendency to reform intemperance more than all the petitions that can be presented to the .legislature to preveut the sale of ardent spirits! I would like to hear your opinions on the above questions, as you have promised to give us all the information on the subject of reform you can. '. Respectfully yours. S. P. Fountain Countyy Feb. 18, 1850." A good egg," decidedly, if drunkenness could be precisely defined. No man, proven to be a " common drunkard," before a proper tribunal, should be allowed to vote, while he continued under the ban. Will somebody, who has more leisure, elaborate this proposition 1 Tbe newspapers throughout the State are suggest ing and discussing all sorts of amendments to the State Constitution. The strangest proposition we have seen comes from the Slate Sentinel, in favor of but one Legislative body, which shall hold annual sessions. Such an arrangement might poseibly make the office of State Printer more lucrative, than to have two Branches meet biennially, but we take it this will hardly be sufficient argument to induce the peo ple to change a policy they have been so long and unanimously agreed upon aa that the Legislature shall meet but once in two years. Newcastle Courier, 22d. Well, sir: everything else aside, will you be kind enough to state to us how, or in what way, in any reasonable tiew of the question, one Wy "might possibly" make the State Printing more lucrative, than faro bodies 1 The Rival Conventions. A correspondent says that the abolitionists propose to hold a Convention next June in Buffalo, as a sct-ofT to the Nashville Convention. By arranging telegraph communication between these two assemblages, they can inflame each other to a very delectable degree, for instance : On motion of Mr. Giddings, Resoleed, That slavery and slaveholders are the greatest curses of the age f Received at Nashville at I past 12. Response :1 Resolved, on motion of Gen. Bayly, That if the negro-thieves and white tyrants of the North, and runawar neerocs, now assembled at Buffi lo will come here, we will cive themee. Received at Buffalo at 1. ResDonse.l . Resolved, on motion of Mr. John Van Buren, That the blood-thirst? neirro-driver and traitors at Nash ville are beneath contempt, and we will no longer hold fellowship with them. Received at Nashville at 2, and produced an immciise sensation. On motion of Gen. Qnattlcbum, Resolved, That this Union be dissolved. On moiion of Mr. Garrison, in reply to the forego ing, Resolved, That only this Union be resolved iuto its original nothingness ! 1 Adopted with deafening applause. Richmond Whig. C-J. W. Jackson, dem., has been elected to Con gress from the 1st District of Georgia, in place of T. Butler King. This is a gain, and a great triumph. QrWe acknowledge the receipt of documents from Messrs. Harlan sr.d Fitch. The Umso has ordered, that Mr. Julian, who is sick, be paid hi wage.

C"We received the following very good poetical effusion some weeks sgo during the session of tin General Apecmbly and it should hive been published long before this. But it became covered up accidentally, by a pile if other matter, which we hate only recently had opportunity to turn over. The allusion to France will appear tt favorable considering the course of events since the lines were written ; but our readers will find the reason in the above explanation, sccounting for delay. If the writer again favors us, wo shall ghc him no similar cause of complaint. We have another poem from the same pen which has suffered less by delay, and which we shall shortly publish.

The liefet t or Liberty. sr jchua l. rcssttu Tb itnjjtgte ha ended on valley tnd plain. And the wavea of commotion aie peacefal again " Hope bid fot a aeison farewell lo the world." aiiu iieraim ner nig oi icuunc bat luilrd. From ihe straws of the Ural to the foam of ihe inaio. All Cutope io sileoce ii wearing the chainSave wheie on the tank vt the Ceine and Garoone, The Fiencbmao exults in bisfieedom alone. At waking at last to new hie hum hit tiance, Hs proclaim! both the freedom snd elorr of Fiaocs. Those !aik waring corn-field and hilla of Iba vise. Are now ana loiever, u x.iteity, itiioc : But I he iir that o'er Rome in its iplendnr are. And teemed a bright lutoi of Hope to di-cloe. That gilded the Tiber' daik aim a the rolled, txiipMt e in piendor the Eagle or old. Has-uKk al the threthold of Liberty's home. And ben quenched in Iba blood of the bravest of Rome, woott lemnaai oi manhood now wander atar. While their homes aie auirel by ibe minions of war. Ou tor bark. Garibaldi, may fate ever smile. A exiled it wander Irom mainland lo itle, And thi tbi'Ught cheer tby comiadei ibat sigh for their Roeje, Better fi edom ia rxile than bondage at home. Ana sili i may ibe heait or old Euiope be alined, A from Ihe bios Ali great Mxzini i braid. But wbere are tbe Magyars that battled so long Kur flee dum with few, 'gainal the many and trong f The ir curet lie beaped on tbs blood moicteoed plain. Aua ids uanuoe and 7 bei aie floating the alaia And loisi art in exile, and tboce who remaio To weep o'er their coantry, aie weaiing the chain. With fiar ia each ftep and dread io each breath, No freedom for them but iu exile or death. Load tbey tigb for their hetoes who waDder afar. Their sage iu peace and Ibeir heioet in wart And cane tbe foal name of the traitor who told Himtelf an I hi couotty,and freedom for g"ldj And Hungary, Iba rallaot.tbe noble and brave. O'eicomo by the tyrant ha unk to ber riave t XT- . - - I . . - . ivo, uui io ner grave, nouie ipiui lorgive. While breathe there a Kcssath will Hungary live! Tba aiatetman and warrior, though atroog in the right. vvneu curope uaitcd, ne unk in (he rjjhtj tie wn vanquished and ned Horn tbtit meicilesi wrath, With lhe Mix d of the Maevar atill red io bis path t Farauntbward be baMeo, where mighty to ave. The Ureteral is shielding the noble and brave, At it f leami on the iIe-ludJed Egean's floud, And teinly d fie Ihe fieiee cetera of blood. But to Liteity now bid adieu for awhile. The nation no longer irjoice in her tmile. Ficn the bank of ihe Danube, the Tiber and Po, Reluctantly paru:g ber footstep fall low. By Comoro and Buda, and Petti may ahe paste, To weep o'er the heroes that died in her cue ; And finding la Europe no haven of int. Let her tain now again to her hme in the Weit, And fii'd, my loved country, at last, that ia thee, Ii 44 tbe borne of the btare and the land of tbe free." Massachusetts. The following beautiful picture of.-the old Bsy State is presented by Gov. Briggs in bis niresnpe tu the Stole Legislature: Massachusetts has an area of ?2o0 square miles, and within its limits there arc now in operation more than eleven hundred miles of railroads, with a capital of fifty millions. We have a population of alx-ut one million, who are engaged in every branch of bu siness, and of industry, al Imme and abroad, upon the laiidand upon the fen, which holds out the prospect of a remunerating profit. The annual value of iheir products exceeds one hundred million of dollars. Her credit is unimpaired, and, on exchange, at home and abroad, her brnidrf are s'-ujlit. The value of the school houses in the State in 1818, was $2,700.000. More thau two mi. lions of that sum was raised and expended within the twelve preceding years. Iu 1849, there were, in our three hundred and fourteen town, 3.749 public schools, in which were employed 8,163 teachers, 2,426 of whom wre males and 5. 737 were females. The amount of money raised for the support of the public schools wa $830,000. Add to this the amount paid for tuition in academies ard private chooU, and the whole sum expended for education during the year, excluding the three colleges, waa $1,168.334. A thousand convenient and tasteful houses of public worship, erected by different deuominstioiis of christians, beautify every city, town and village of the commonwealth, and beer testimony that our people have n't forgotten the God of their fathers. Our. public charitable institutions for the benefit of the?eaf, dumb and blind, the sick, insane and the destitute, and for instructing and reforming juvenile offenders, are the jewels of the State. In our public schools, the children of the rich and the poor sit in the same seat, and struggle for the prize of scholarship upon equal terms. Here, honest in dustry, prudence and economy, are honor able; idle ness and dissipation a reproach It may well be doubled whether labor is better fed, better paid, and more respected, in any community on earth than in Massachusetts. By our constitution and laws all citizeos are placed npou a common level, and are en titled to the same civil nnd political rights, and all men are, or may become citizens. Letter from Mrs. Farnham. Tbe New York Evening Post publishes the following extract from a letter just received in that city from Mrs. Farnham : Sax Francisco. Dec. 30, 1849. 1 have been but two days here, but ss tbe mail goes day after to-morrow, I am constrained to write to you in the midst of a confusion that quite defies the attempt to say more than that I am here; that I came from Valparaiso on the Iouis Phillippe, found the Angeuque here a fortnight before me and all things right. Women are imprisoned hero at this season by the horrible condition of the streets. We have to wear men's boots and shorten our skirts as much as possible. 1 have been in the streets but twice, and each time in that costume. Women are more in requisition than gold or any thing else. Those who came out with me had immediate offers of employment at $75 and $100 per month. If there bad been five hundred instead of five, they could all have engaged immediately on similar terms. They roust be got here in considerable numbers before society can take any shape or assume any character. 1 hopo that while our good brethren at home are bestirring themselves kindlv to send out churches and clergymen, they will not forget that the best of all missionaries to such a population are resolute, 'Virtuous, intelligent women. One of the chief ditficulties that were felt by the women who consulted me, was the fear that they should not be protected againtt rudeness, or perhaps something worse. I reasoned them that it would not be so, but it was difficult to convince by argument. Therefore, let the fact be known to all who care tu know it, that the utmost possible deference and care are shown tu females; and that any woman, to experience rudeness or insult here, must expose herself much more imprudently than she would to incur the same risk in your cities. No woman need fear to come here, who has the sense and energy to Uke care of herself elsewhere; and she will have, in her capacity for any occupation suited to her sex, a better capital than the gold of the min. If there had one thousand females sailed last May, they wouid, all who chose to, be profitably employed this day. Everything is scarcer here than gold. Oy-The poet office at lagrange, Ia., was recently robbed of several packages of letters. Suspicion was fastened upon a young lad named Charles Kinney, about 15 years of age, who was held to bail in the sum of $l,GtK) to appear at the'May Session of the U. S. Circuit Court, at Indianapolis and in default of bail, he was committed to the county jail. Tbe postmaster is the editor of the "Lagrange Whig"! Cfc-A City Hall is about to be built at Madison. They have had one for years iu Terre Haute. W might have had one here, on the circle, long ago, but those interested are too shiftless to move iu the matter. (fc-Dr. T. W. Cowgiix, clerk elect of the Putnam circuit court, died recently at Greencastle, lud 0Col. Jefferson Davis has been re-elected U. S. Senator from Mississippi. His term of six years commences 4th March, 1851.