Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 35, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 February 1850 — Page 2

Satnana Stak. Sentinel. B7CB3AL VISILASCE IS THE PK1CK OF LlltttT. HDIAiPOLIS, FECRLAIIY 7. IS.'JO.

Our Terms. The following will hereafter be the permanent terms of the Wet k' if Indiana Slate Sentinel: , ftj-Payments to be made always in advance. One copy, one year,. $2.00 Three copies, our year, 5.00 One copy during the action, .50 . Sesn I-Weekly.'.' ' . (Published three times a week during the session.) One copy, SI. 00 J Three copies, $10.00 One copy during the session,. 1.C0 To Correspondents. 7-YV have received several propoaiiioua relative to Letter from Wellington. For rennt. satiafariory tooumlrcs, we dec'u maVli g any anangemeiit of the kind. . , ' , . CONSTITUTION AI ISKFOUJI. The Lcgislalive Assembly. Amorg the reforais proposed to be adopted in the new Constitution, is one which touches the organization of what we stall name, the Legislative Assembly. The propopition for biennial (or two-yparly) instead of annual (or yearly) sessions, of the legislative body, it one that has been generally assented to. Eut it aeema to us, that this conclusion has been arrived at only under the influence of a partial view of the subject. The plea for bienuial sessions has been, that euch a system would conduce to economy, and would in some degree prevent hasty and changeful legislation. If these were the only points to be considered, we might with the same propriety, perhaps, te induced to admit that regular legislative sessions once in .teerten jeari would answer the purpose better than biennial sessions. But these are not the only points, and if they were, it is by no mean certain that they could be secured by the proposed change. Economy ia not the only or tho chief tJiing to be looked after, ir it were, perhaps a despotism would accomplish it, under the administration of a prudent despot, more certainly t!.an under any other system. Besides, extra sessions, which might bo considen.d proper and necessary, by any Governor, would frequently nullify the supposed benefit of a biennial regulation. And as to fur sty leghlation , there are other remedies much more certain titan biennial sessions would prove to be, as a sole remedy. But there are other points equally important as those alluded to, and which should be taken in!o consideration before determining this question. If we make the legislative sessions biennial, the change involves also Ihc alteration of the terms cf the Senate and cf all thi Executive ßcers. Very few, we imagine, have thought of this important matter. Have the people, for instance, determined in their own minds that they will lengthen the terms of Senators, and of the State officers, to at least hilt years ? We hnpe not. Short terms, and feequent account ability, is our doctrine; a doctrine which very honest man would .iot hesitate to agree to, if he had occupied the position which we have been placed in for years past, and which has afforded us an ccca sional glimpse ur.der the curtain, as well as an out side view of the performers upon the political stsge, in common with cur uninitiated fellow-citizens. Lead us not into temptation,1' is one of the most important pans of the model prayer of Christians; and it is as essential to be regarded in politics as in morals or religion. Tho oftencr wc have to render account, the le&s likelihood will there be that we shall err. Yet if we adopt biennial sessions, we must cither, for the sake of conservatism, and that necessary knowledge of public affairs, proper to be perpetuated, lengthen the terms of Senators and Executive officers t j four years at lcat, ur we must run the rUk tf the confusion which would be likely to result, if all these officers, the Senate and the House of Repre ecntatives were elected anew every tiro years. We mention these terms of tico and four years, because we suppose one or the other must, from the necessity of the case, Is fixed upon. Otherwise, if we continued the term of Governor, for instance, at tbrec years, ts now, wc must give some other tribu tial the power to canvass the voted, previous to his inauguration, which is now conferred upon the Le gislature. But it was not our purpose to dhcus-s this question when we commenced. We simply intended to introduce a propsition of a different character, which has laid upon our table for some weeks. This proposition, which will b-i found in the com tnunication following, is in favor of a single legisla tive body. It will eeem startling to many at firs sight, especially because it has not eeenrtd to work well in the new government of France, but mora particularly because it is not in accordance with our habits, and because change, of any kind is more or less disagreeable. It has taken us ten years to agree to make any alterations in our Constitution! Now if economy is to be achieved, we will venture to say, that it can be more certainly attained, by the organization here proposed, than in any other way And we will further venture to siy, that the tame checks and guards, which are absolutely neces sary to prevent hasty ot dishonest legislation, in body composed of two Houses, will be equally as ef fective and corrective in a body constituted into one House. We have conversed with able men, occasionally fjr weeks pa3t upon this matter, and not an objection his been prescuted, which would not operate as strongly against the present, as against the proposed system. Though we thus express a general approval of the proposition of our correspondent, wc should nevertheless desire to add something to it, and to amend it in some features. One thing we would propose, (the sessions of course being aupjai ) u this: to make only one ha 'f of the body go out of ofikc each year. By such a regulation, we should retain the advantages of members of experience, as now, io the Slate Senate. But we do not know that we should be very strenuous about this, because it might involve practical objections. Ve do not desire to tire the patience of our readers, and therefore, though wc hire much more to ay, we commit the communication to them for serisus consideration, merely premising that it first appeared in tho Lafayette Journal, a corrected proof being forwarded to us' by tho author, who is learned in the law. CONSTITUTIONAL HEfORM. Dour pteseal legislative orjranintioa tbe best possible for t Can a belter be adopted These are quest urn that should b. avlved before th. meeting of the eoDveotion to revue the Cootnuuou of o.r Slalelaod aiu!d .ügsge t.te thougtilJ of esca individual for uch lira., as maj enable bim to detetmine them to hii own ntif iction. Their iuportaue. at this tic cannot well be ext?geia'ed. As a mere matter of ecouooay a sin gl rtprcstntatlt body would doubtless be preferable, si the lime ncrnsiy to eo thioogb the forme of legisMioo would be greatljr diminished the ritifol and depieabl squabbles between the In bodies., to often witne-e J, csch aitemotins; to uuimaneavr the other io briBRiog on or staving ff in tlrctnn, ihm curt. umiKC a laig.saai. of time, srouii b. forerer piei;leJ, anj tbe whole eper!?ive machinery of our body would be dispensed with. A lge to t" Tiesmry tf the Stau would lesalt, bul viw? that noeus woulJ deshe, if -il )3o!ed ihe loss of any sie;e publie j -od. . s The iesonf in farur if lue piesent eig'suizsfioo arc thai tt kas been tiid, Ü action is known, and it is f!ly Io atar.rfoa it in fiToi of an uutiied expesimea', up;x.ieJ to be better. That the two bvie tl id check ia ach Iber. That the Senate by the gieater age lequired la Hie Members, and Ibelr loorr teiros of rffice, i a rl le !ihl. ta be acted nun bv povttiac iipit-et and .' M be wwe stjbl stid eoo-Hetit iu its action. The biitory of

the present 0j(anizatiun is shortly at foltuwst Th. Eogli-h parliament n c raioel nf- twi t .tiea, ine ihe House cf Loid lepitsentin the aristoeiary rf bi.lh, and was t eces-. aiy in oder ;hat lh cxi-teure of this 1 mijtit not b dcstioyed by the other Ur.d tival bianch, the Haute of Common, r pieeutinj the a-Utoeiacy of weai5. ; The people, ' thai ia, (be great snais wrltw belonged neither to the etistoc- . .racy of birm, nor he aiiHociacy f wealth, weie not regided as enti le. I participate it the li-gialalion of ll cuuutty. When the governments of the English Colonies in Amriica wne fuimt J, that, of the motbei eeuntry seived ai a model.' The executive council n its func'ton ieemb!id the Houc if.Lotds, the a..imtly (t-j, whatever jame... called) if the delikate r.f the people, in its function leaimbted the Hu. vt Common. After the eli wnaijr ttieggle, when th. evel Sate governments aaumed

i,a7ii,Vii i f ,'1:ht ;,n"1 y,,,,0.Vd ,,,e,f0lj,;4;4"; ; uipU.. J from thn ir...occnt,LUt wloHHme6ocia..i IDKj;rm!,,,.Jn rc,a,lve tr.,t., ,.t!,.e. izaiiotn w sought ao.I itiimiJ ly the crea'iou ..f a H.iue . A message vacs reeived frnm t . ll-uso, annniir.Ccf Repre.enl.iire. a..d a Scn-lo. Sa i th. .-nizi .n of U' ,,s 1 ' h". I.owew him hie. The cause of mo. J . wherem;.! the f.le,. Gorenmrni. .he. he.. e.e tea..a n..t an- ,-rality, to lens than the tlicUtc ..f hmuaiiily. demai:d M J1' ,,f Mr. Uli i.im.ii, of l.!..., Iure, jm.ii plicatle la S.atf. The new Stales hv. folloviel io the , the prvcrvali..M r.r the fat.o.lr circle, and the main-'. Mr, Ceriria u-vrd an .Hj..urt.ui-iti. bt.t Ajrction .d nf thrir M,r :e. .nd ü .eems t t leg.id.d .1 , m.ce of the family Lome.' cfEciei.t prfventives of ibel' "Bde m",i"" "l!.,,r:,w; ' .

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honoied as the sys'em m it be, il is cirailv our duty to ex amine it, see ooii what foui.dati o it rrsis, see if it hai'rnouizr wi n the tr eat fu-tdamental truth th it lies Jt Ihe t au of ot iosii'uiions, That man. is eapaU cf stlf-av-trnmenl." .If it emes in em fl.ct with i his et iruib.lct us as a Sta'e ithout fear i f ihe past or d ead f Ihr fuiuie, nb!y daie in rr joct it, ard make oar new entitutioa in this paiticalar, as in all other, a witness f our fii'h ia man, a piactical commentary on oui theoijr that tiik will Or TUE PEOPLE 1 A5D 0T SIGHT OUGHT To BE THE tCFSCtlE ajD McurioLLiD uwea iw tue state. That the people aie uot ih sluice uf pjwer, but ihe power itself. Ine woikmzof oor piesut sytrm has been Und t Ibat tiial baa proved that it is pieferable to any sy.tem that has preceaea, out uot last i is tbe best risible fur tin- best, it ia our duty to seek, let iio'binE less content us. Let no reverence for the past restiain us. The same icasoning that would prevent a change in our legislative orsanizalion wou'd foibid any change in our constitution. Fur theie is no sinn! i articular iu which our fiamecf government is not belter iban any tail has piecedcd iU Yet all aie agteed that iu tome paiticulaia lb. best bas nut been attained- Tk reisi'iijng from expeiiince is quit as cogent in favor of our , juiicul sjstrm a of our legislative synrm. Our expeiinee proves that under our present oigatuz itioa there may hasty and improtridi-at lrgi-latiou. The haste may and should be pierented by a consti:otiooal piovision. The improvidence bas retulied chi. fly from a want of attention ou he pail .f the Ui.. jlois. Thi want of attention is ralher iucieaed than diminished by the double organization. Tbe tx dy in whkh a meauie onginatrs, will examine lest closely, knowine that another body aie to canvass it, and will as is supposed, discover any drfrcts it may contain, such other acts under the conviction that tbe firt bi dy have bestowed all possible care upon ihe di t.it. Tbe responsibility it diVidid, and here as a'i:ong indiviluals action is guaidvd exactly in pirporiioii to the iep(nibi'ity such action entails, and we may expert greater vigilance, closer investigation, and a higher drgre. of caution io a single assembly, when the lespuneibihty entailed i direct, immediate and undivided than when it is dissipated among several bodies. Theaime lessoning Ih.t proves two bodies by each checking ihe other will woik better than a single bi dy, squally pioves that thice bidies would bepieferable to two. K. How it out to its nectsiaiy results and it will Irad to an indefinite number of separate Udies, each of which cio d. ftat ibe action of all the otheit. Separate legislative bodies act as a check upon each other it U s.id. Giant it, and it pioves that sepaiate bodies ai. Decessaiy in Ei gland, from whence they weie bonowed, because theii conflicting inteiests are io be consulted and lecuuciled, in fact, tliei. a thiid budy is requited to represent the irteiests of the masses, if ihe great body uf the people (tho who do out belong to Ihe au-tocicy tf wealth,) tie legarded as entitled to a voice la the goven ment. But ruch sot be in the fact, I heie leirg two inteiest, and only two inteiests to consult, two bodies, and only two tidies are iequiied, one to ierneent ejth of these tiral iaterest, and protect it fio n the hostile action of Ihe other. If w had s parate classes, each cUss wi'h sepaiate interesti, it would be right that each class hould have i representative body with a negative on the action of the other, thus out CuUld Ibeie Le a repiesenlativ. government and the sepaiate iuteiests protrcted. Bui we hvv no diitmct elaes with lival interests. There is only one class the whole people, but a single in let est to be cousulted, the interest of the whole people, one and indivisible. If the interest rrpiesented is a unit, w hy should Ibe iepreentation be double I If your re pi cental ion is a tine oue, if the will cf the people is icflectcd by their delegates, for wbat puipoe do you wih a check f It Ihe leprcsentation i unttue, change it, make it wbat it should be, a true index of tbe popular wih. If tbe legislative power is delegated, it i not became the people are incapable of legislating, that is, framing 'he rules by which I bey aie willing their own conduct shall be tegu-l-:cd, bnt .h.t il is inconvenient. Th: object to be sought, is lt.. delegation of this power in such w y, and under such guaid, that all legUlatiun bal! be the embodying iu the laws the wishes, the thoughts of the people. The legislative body should be the mere weatheicock of popular opinions, should in any act show only the reflection of ibe publie will. Let it be lemembeied that the representative is not a tuler, he is but tbe medium by which the people express their sovereign will. The obvious mode of seeming such legislation is to make a tingle body the medium of expressing this will. Select your delegate a shoit time before be is called to act. Learn hi opinions j if tbey are your opinion, eleet bim, and for a fuihfol adheieoce to these rpit ijni hold bim directly and immediately respomiole. If you cannot make one body re fleet your will, can you make two or a dozen tf fleet it I But it is said tbe Stu.te from the greater age and tbe longer teims of those composing it, is a more stable body than the mote popular branch, and lest likely to be acted uiou Ij popular prejudices. To dbpense with it would be the mean of giving iie to a course of legislation constantly changing, unstable and uncertain at popular i rpul-es. If the object of legislation bas not been mistaken, this ia a conclusive argument agsiast such a body. Who that believes in the capacity of maa for reif-government is riot leady to exclaim. Let the legislation of Ibe Stale change, at the will of the people changes. Let each examine how many f his fhmest convictions have icmained uncharged for a seiie ol yeaia, h. will scarce Cud a single opmi -n that has not been modified or changed. If il ia thus with individuals, can a people always think the same thing ? Wbat tbey think to-day, let them embody in their laws, and so to-mo i row, and tb next day, and forever, without asking If the thoughts of to-day, aie the thoughts of jesterday. Let the pitiful boast of consistency te left at the heiitage of fools wbo never think, for ha ibat thinks must thiuk better to-morrow than to-day. Seek not a legislation that shall tem.in foierer unchanged. Cling to that which n hav. tiied and aie satisfied is th. beat, bul be content with no smaller good. This i the ooly means of elicilirg the best, Iba truest, the n- blest legislation. This is the Hue law cf progtets. O.NK OF THE PEOPLE. Cou jFfEK8o?i Davis's Opinion. It will be recollected, says the Cincinnati Enquirer, that some months ago, the Whig papers of the Norlh published, with a great deal of satisfaction, an extract from a letter of Col. Jetferson Davis, in which the opinion was expressed, though with regret, that Gen. Taylor would not veto the anti-slavery proviso. Coming from the source it did, it whs considered as almost conclusive that the construction that tho Whigs cf the North, or free Slate, had put upon the Allison letter was correct. Col. Datis seems now to be of a different opinion. In a letter to C. J. Searles, of Yicksburgh, Mis., which is published in the Mississiypian, he not only thinks that a bill with the proviso in it will pass, but that the President will veto it. He says: "I have little doubt now of the passage cf the Wilruot Proviso, or some equivalent measure. Dickinson will vote against it. Cuss will not vole for it; and this is, I believe, the whole opposition which will be offered by tho Senators of the non-6laveholding States. But if my observations have doe troy cd my hopes in Congress, they have, on tho other Land, created some confidence, that the President will veto tho bill. As I have often told you, hit heart is with us, and if he believes the measure will be destructive to the Union, which he can now scarcely doubt, I am eure the honest old pitriot will cast precedent and Northern advice far from him, and meet the emergency as becomes his station and heroic fame." Our readers will not forget, that Mr. Davis is the son-in-law of (Jen. Taylor, and now occupies a seat in the U. S. Senate. This gives his opinion greater weight than il would otherwise possess. Still, we believe, nevertheless, that (Jen. Taylor will be governed altogether by the influences by which he may happen to be surrounded. In politics, so far as he has any, Le i with the whigs; in eymjnl!jics and interest he is Willi the South. . Like many fc'outherii Icoders, ho regards the max of. Northern people as s many negroes. Why CirstNs Men siwcld takc New-spa tees. An. incidtnl. The last legislature passed an act authorizing the Governor to procure a block of marble fir the National monument aud forward thti same to Washington. That duty has been performed, nnl a gentlemen at Midi n evlecltd to dj tho work. 0-if worlliy friend a. J neighbor John Dustm an, a superi - , ,, , , ,, e ,, or workman hi lhat ln", kne nothing cf H,e matter until it was all over and tho appointment m,de 1 He aacs noi iaäc ma oonunei, wmcu c-i mil r.vouoi-, hrs per year, arnl has let a job slip through Iiis fingern, in coneq lence nf hi failure to do sor ,vvhicli . would Laru brought him a Lande-ome sum of money ai well as some fime. ' Better subscribe and 'adrortisc hereafter, .Mr.' D Don't you think so! OCT" A ti"w $2 counterfeit Indiana bill is said to have mad? i's appear? nee in Cinciouatl. Look out!

inn ivmrm ci'Jioi it impruvra upon, j ime . ... .. ... : j;. .: f : a rjcrtanf wee rrrfiveu in us mr i ri"z- m iu

llomcMetirt x..-iitif tun. Gov. Fish ireo i mends the paatage'of o Homestead Exemption Law, in the following thquüit pass-age: "While ii a admittedly a primary duty of the LegisUturc to enact lau j fur the punishment of vice, it is no lees tin duly to rtrume the tnust wbiih frequuitly lead to the ciiiiiiisMon of crime. The impression made tijitiii the yulhful mind by I.c gentle force of parental authority a tiT example J and by the Vsociaf Mitist Stf'tf" as f'ta ITv t I a. ba km.. lha t.wwt l-f !n

i.d-enaSuriujr-nrii.a influxes which contrd the cn. - duct of .fW life. Much cf ihe vice that we are called I n i t,.r k., A ... r, ..i ,,....1 i . . . j ul vinue und. happiness, and to public prosperity and Ord-'r ' i Thi. pri.nclpl has already been incorporated into ' ! the code of several of iheSutea. and although in this inataiire. as in many others involving a reform hi the . end,. ion ,f ancient laws, there may be much oppositiotj in the u;set. it will evidently be generally adopted ' s ' p - v " ' Thk Common School of PesNsTMUNiA. The ta- ., , , , , . e b. is accomDanvini? the retort i-f the Superintendent of Common Schools in ttsi-v State, says the Vet. Ledger, o - . I exhibit the following condition of the schools, not in cludincf thoaA in Ihr. ritr ,nA rni.iilr i.f Pi.iladelohia -Whole number of districts, 1370; avcrsge time j that the schools were open, four months aid twenty- j six days ; whole number of teachers, 10,237; aver- ; age salaries of male teachers per month, $17.47; average salaries uf female teachers per month, 10.32; whole number of scholars, 393,232; average number in each school, 43; average cost of. teaching each sch dar, per quarter, $1 42i; State appropriations to the districts accepting, $182,833 ; taxes levied in the accepting districts, $."96,932; expenses for school"houses, 140,141; expense for instruction, fuel and contingencies, 532,030. Education in New Yoiik. A report of the Superintendent of Common Schools in New York State shows the wholu number of pupils taught in private schools i for the year just closed to be 72,785, with 4006 colored pupils. The whole number of children between five and sixteen years taught in the several district schools d an increase of 2537 over the number taught during the preceding year. The sum of $1,153,916.27 was paid for teachers' wsges, of which $653,704.53 was received from the State Treasury, and from the avails of town and county taxation and local funds, $409,606.63 contributed on rate hills by those who sent to school, and $10,515.11 raised by taxation on the inhabitants of the district to meet the amount due on the rate b;Hs of such indigent persons as were exempted by the Trustees from the payment of their share of such bills. Good Investment. Masachusetts has about three millions of dollars invented in school-houses. Mr. Everett it was who said si quaintly, "if you reduce the wages of the schoolmaster, you must raise those of the recruiting sergeant." Literary. The very popular novel of "Shirley," published as Ihe production of Currer Bell, proves to have been written by Miss Bronte, a lady of Bradford, in Yorkshire, who is of course the author of "Jane Eyro' alo. Mr. James has jut published a uew novel called "One of a Thousand !" upon which Punch exclaims, "only think, nine hundred and nine ty-nine are to follow !" Titmarsh announces a high ly chivalrous romance in the press, entitled "Rebecca and r.owena," detailing the fate of those heroines af ter the close of the "Ivanhoe" revelations. A now novel, called "duntry Quarters," written by the late Countess of Pl.-ssington, and edited by her niece. Mis Tower, is in the press. Lamartine, it is stated, is about to publish a new political work on tbe "Past, Present and Future of the Republic." : Miss Bremer, who is still in &ston, has a new novel iu the hands of Mary Howitt. A Boston house is publishing Bulwer' poem "King Arthur." It will soon bo out of the press, we understand. The author of "Festus'' is preparing a new poem for publication, to be enti tled the "Angel World." Mr. Clay'ej "compromise" slavery resolutions meet with no favor from any quarter, so fur as we have seen. The whig papers of Cincinnati are especially severe in their objections, which are almost scornful. Mr. Clay's object was," no doubt, to put himself in an effective stage altitude, as the great Pacificator once more, in the forlorn hope, perhaps, of yet reaching the Presidency. But if the least chance for that had remained to him, these resolutions would sweep away every vestige of it. They are so utterly opposed to the public sentiment of the north, that it would be t waste of 6pace to dwell upon them. P. S. The Telegraph made Mr. Clay declare it in expedient to abolish the slave trade in the' District of Columbia, while Lis resolution declares it expedient to abolish it ! This puts a little different face on the matter. 07-The "Indiana Wksbfalt." published in this city by Julius Bcetticiier, we know to be the best princes German paper which we receive from any quarter, and our German friends, who are better judges of their own language than we are, assure us that tho Volksblatt is as ably edited, as it is wel printed. The editor we also know to be a man o great industry, and a gentleman in manners and bear ing. We hope our friends all over the State will re commend the Volksblatt to the patronage of German citizens who may not already be subscribers. Pennsylvania. A General Banking Law has been introduced into tho Senate of Pennsylvania; This law requires the deposite with the Auditor General, of Government of Pennsylvania stocks, four fifths of said stock t ) bear interest of at least 5 per cent, per annum, and uot to be taken above its par value. . One-quarter per cent, semi-annually on these stocks is retained by the State for the extinguishment of the public debt. The amount of circulating notes not to exceed 'our .fifths of the amount of securities. Capital not Ij bo less than $50,000. No personal liability is involved. . . .fJ-There are now, in different, jails of France, eleven or twelve thousand children, cf both sexes, un der btutenccfor terms that reach their twentieth year. Thi central prisons alone have four thousand seven buudrcd and sixly-onn. A revnt official report shows there are a val uusobcr of. children iu New York ... . t, .,i eitf. nmto as depraved as thoe of i ranee, though c 7' ' 4 .. , . . ... not near sj many are in prinon. In Boston, children

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. . T e t r i I'oS IS lic way ll ia exercisca wncn muaiiieu. of this descriptiiK), aro sent to a House of Reuige, j , J Indiana ought to have such an ius'itution. It would Qr-Mr. McKee, private secretary of .Mr. LETCncost nothing in the long rwn, if. properly established.: tn, Minister to Mexico, is in prison in New Orleans - : . " " - - ' - ! for daiigert'tisly stabbing one of the police officers of Mb. Hannmja.n. A Berlin correspondent of the . , . . .. . i. . t- r ii-ii;t . ' , . . i that city, who attempted Io eject lutn fron Ihe third rJuli..i.il I ,.fil'irsune-ti ttr itinrr sin.'nst In tam m.T tho '

. ' ' ' ,.' ' " . ' Our iiiini.-ler at Iterlin, Mr. llanuegsn, received; j .(if ff M lWt) Wwk, bul ha- Büt ; yel prcBCled them or Solicited his audience cf leave. Mr. Calhoun's Work on Government. A Wash

i in&i6.i o.rrespondent of- the New York Herald says: accommodate his friend as usual. . , We will say i Mr. Calhoun's work on Government which com- nothing about his new place Until he is in il, exceptI ments on the history of the Constitution, is now in ."S hat it is the handsomest store room io the city. 1 press, and will soon he published., ! - j; & Brown, late Governor of Tennessee. ' has

1 .7- John M. Bickel of Schuylkill co., has been cltcted Treasurer of the State of Pennsylvania.

, BY.TELEGRAl'll. y ' Congressional. N ' " r Wifiit.vc.TUN, Jan. 31,1800. - Sa.NATE. Ir. Dotil.iss prevj-nti-d a iuom-rial fmüi ptvtral hur:dr'i cUizriis, ir.e;cliui:'.M and shippers of Chicago, a.-kii: tTje'iiJopiioii f inrnsure.wurinr thts Ire na vijrut'ini t.f st.e St. lawrenee r.ver. Mr. Matf'.u MiUnittfd an ointntJuienf. which was

intended an a ob-titute to. the biU for thurixapluretf fugitive slaves! -, ..". : - ilr. thou.U ,t w,u!4 obviate all the -priDo. K?hJec,l0n sCVta.nrd, luwanh Jl.e of .Ulj bl . Mr. fcm.lh moilean u:. .sfful itt-iüpt to cal. up Mr TJraKi.ro'-- . 1 . . .. ... ! ! 1 1. .t .11 I !. w ! f US I il ei ! t fnr -u l"c f ,io:c " -rCM :,llU V""-1, r V,,Wt? . relative to the c-'ne.-poin.'cicc- le:wen tho Fiderel a,ld authotit.es at $.U;!a Fc. The President f inded ln be opmion expressed by Mr. Polk, that ,e 'J. of Texas was a question belonging to ,c executive u.an u. ,ovr,,,ncn:M . - . , . . . j The Census bul was made the special order of the ! day for Monday next. 1 Th, Senate then resumed the'eonsideratinn of Mr: Cass s resolutions suspending Diplomatic intercourse . r. . 1 nun .lusirin. with Austria Mr. Hunter pohe at length against the resolutions. Hocse. Mr. Wood announced the death of RodolPlluS UlCKenSOn, m phu3 Dickenson, member from Ohio, who died last ÄIarch Washington, and passed an eulogy on his T,J0 customary resolutions were adopted, and the House thereupon adjourned. Wi.Hivr.Tnv Wh. 1. 1R.V1. t 'S l -isil-w 1 -r-' Senate. The Senate, yesterday, after a protracted debate on Mr. Cass's resolutions suspending diplomatic intercourse with Austria, sojourned until Monday. . : House. After the usual routine of business, Mr. Hammond offered a resolution which was adopted, appropriating $18,000 to print the maps accompanying the President's message. '. After some conversation, the House proceeded to the flection of Chaplain. Mr. Gurley was elected on the third ballot. ... - i . . . :- New York, Feb. 41, P. M. The explosion of the boilers, this morning, in Taylor's Machine Shop, on Hague street near Pearl, destroyed one hundred ives. A fire is now .raging, threatening still more damage. ' 5 .. . - . , TonoNTo, Feb. 2J.----Lord Elgin has received a dis patch from Earl Gray, urging him to use everr means in his power to-suppress the movements in favor of the annexation of Canada to the U in ted States, and thanking him for what had already been done.- Earl Gray declares lhat so long as any portion of th? Ca nadian people are desirous of maintaining a. connexion with the mother country, they will be supported by the whole power of the Army and Treasury of England.. , . ... . , Columbus, Feb. I, 1850. The Hamilton Connly apportionment bill is at length repealed. The bill came down from the Senate amended, and was passed by tho House this evening. . This is the "bill," the fraudulent pas?age of which, by tue whigs, caused the disgraceful difficulties which iave existed in the Legislature of Ohio during the present and last year's session. Good Advice. Gov. Barbour, of Virginia, jn an address before an agricultural society, says: "Let every man have the fortitude to look. his affairs in the face, to keep an account of his debts and items of his expenditures.no matter how Ion; or black the ist, if he don't look into it, his neighbor will; and more, let him show it to his wife, if ho has one. If prudent woman, it will Le of service; if imprudent. it will do no harm. But there ate very few of the latter, and I cheerfully bear evidence Ui the care and economy of women. When in a situation tu observe I can safely say that I never knew a woman left.to the care of an cmbarras.ied estate, that did not ex tricate it if it was possible." ' ' Dog. The ediior of "the Plough, the Loom, and tho Anvil" thinks it co-ts as much lo suoport the dogs in the United S'ates at two cents a. day each as air our exports ut grain and provisions to England are worth." Well, suppose it true 1. Is that any reason why the luxury should not be enjoyed ? Thousands of poor men have no other, or no belter friend than a faithful dog. We might scout at every other good thing just as reasonably, and live on corn-dodger and sleep naked von straw, so as to make a few more dimes. We wish are had a good dor; : can't some body fetch us one 1 Fort Wayne and Bluffton Plank Road. At a meeting of the stockholders at Fort Wayne, on the 25:1 Jap., T. Swinney was elected President, P. P. Bailey Secretary and Treasurer", and Messrs. T. Swinney, S. Edsall, R. W. Townley, C. E. Sturgis W. G. Ewing, of Allen county, J. Logan, W. Kilh man, J. Glass, and J. A. Deam, of Wells county. Directors. The entire contract for making tho road (l wo bridges excepted) was awarded to S. & W. S. Eduall, at $1,600 per mile." Bartholomew County. The Democracy of Bartholomew are already preparing for the great elections to come off this year. They will hold a meet ing at troluinbus on tho first Saturday in March "to frame and adopt a new delegate y stein, and to pre pare rules and regulations for the government of county conventions in future." : This is right, . and we should be glad to see Marion county moving in like manner. The Peoflk'b Friend," published at Covington, Fountain county, by Solon Tnrman, E-q , has recently been enlarged to double medium size, and much im proved in mechanical aspect, it would be hard to improve it mentally, for under Mr. T.'s management, it has been one of the best papers in the State, ' We hope it will be liberally supported. " " . Qt-Ben. Stinson, Esq., has commenced the publication of a democratic daily, at Evausville, entitled the "Advertiser." It is well printed and edited with ability. We heartily wish it great success, which will be certain, if our friends of the "Poclft" act towards it with their characteristic liberality. 03-Tho Bedford Herald says R. R. Bryant E-q., informs us that , the sum of seven thousand seven hundred and ninety dollars lave been paid over by the stockholders of the New Albany &. Salem Railroad in the Bedford District, on tbe third instalment. This speaks well for Bedf ird and Lawrence County in furthering the progress of this important road. Or-A bill to establish imprisonment fur debt passed the whig Sonate of Tennessee recently, but it was promptly rejected by the democratic House of Reprcneniatives. Whlggcry never blushes to call ni . l . self ihe friend of humantly when seeking power, but ! ... . , . . , : tier 'of one of ihe theatre. So eays tho Cincinnati Enquirer. . A New MrtV.Y. H. Taltnitt, Jeweller, intend. rcmovillg int0 his new store, in the new Drakfi House r - n i-riday next, where no wince nappy to see anu ' been selected by tLe President for .Minister McnipoI teuliary to Russia; Vice Arthur P. Bagby of Ala.

FOUEICÜV ITEMS.

The Emperor of Austria hns sent his portrait, rich- I find in three consecutive numbers of the Indiana ly framed, as a present tn the President of.the French Journal, of late dates, the following paragraphs, viz : llepuliJic.-.iccoitipanieJ hy an autograph letter, in jrJ which he compliments ihe president on tho important Indiana Senators Instpvcted. A few days preservices l,e has rendered the cause f order and so- TjoUg t0 the adjournment f the Legislature, the folcieiy. .. . low ing joint resolution ps-ed thai I inly and will Lc, An kaso has been issued in Russia.ordcrinK home - few days, transmitted to oor Senators and F.epall R..ian suljtets'in foreign countries, "under -the reccntativea in Cnngrcs. penall y of their property- bein confiscated after a tta-1 - Pectkic I. Be it resolved by the General Atsemlly cf the ' ' i , State tf Indiana, That Senators in t'ortgiess be iiotiucliea periou. .-; ,', ! n-u, : ' -J, tod our Urp.cNBtatnes lequesled, so is rai their votes Fcench Suffrage.- Mr.WaUh, in a letter of De- and exen Hen influence, to I ave h grafted upon any law cember 27th, from Paris to the New York Journal of. that may te p.ed foi the oiEai.iz-wou or ibe teniiory re.p,,nn,erco,,W1U:.,,l,eFre,,e ly paseed the very important bill, to enable the voters etwUe thn jn ie ,,uni,hmtct 0f ciimes. whereof the party throuohout France to jive their suffrages in the email ! D9i t.Cfn dUf COOvicted. townships, instead of the chief towns only, of the j ec 2. Be it further resolved. That bis Excellency, tbe ranlonn a miu-h tarapr territorial division. i Govei nor, be requested lafotw aid to each .f cur Senatois

Rats in Paris. A war of extermination has been commenced against the Norwegian rats in ihe sewers of Paris. . In a few days 250,000 were destroyed, and, the number was expected to reach CÜÜ.Ö00. Tuo plovers, of (Jrenable, who had contracted io take all the skins at the rate of 100 francs per 1,000, are becoming alarmed, ss they only anticipated getting about loO.OOO. A London leather dresser contracted for some of them. . ... ; Tahis, Bee. 27, 1819. The Council of Discipline of the Paris bar, a formidable tribunal fr the- bar, have condemned, after solemn invotigation aud hearing, the course of the counsel of the Insurgents who were recently tried at Versailles. The seven or eight lawyers undertook to urge, as the preliminary ti pic of defence, the right of insurrection against the government; and -when the C mrt suppressed this topic, they abandoned the defence altogether. They have been reprimanded by ihe Council of Discipline; Cremieux, the ex-MintMer of Ju-tiee, is one of them. The Council have the power of radiation, or striking off from the list of the bar which excludes from practice. Reprimand is a stigma for life. ' The abolition of the English national debt, the great problem which is 60 diöicult to solve, is being discussed by a Mr. Newman, who has proposed a plan for the removal of the debt, in which he says: "Nothing but necessity could have justified our predecessors mi leaving us uns debt ; yet no necessity rxitled. -Nothing but necessity can now justify us in transmitting it to our successors; yet no necessity exists. It is not necessity, but pride, ambition, de sire of patronage, or sinister private interest, which keeps up the vast expenses of our colonial empire. and our army and navy. Ihe wsy to proceed, in parliament seems manifest, viz: to press forward a vote that no payments can be guarantied for the debt after a fixed day say Jan. Ist, 1S80, leaving the Ministry to find out by what subsidiary measures, thev tnnv then best reconcile the interests and the rights of. the tax payer and the public creditor." P-batei. an Envelope. The following incident is .alien from an English paper: . A. ervant-girl whe had attended "the ragged . achoolf and derived much spiritual benefit ' from CtKemi. came-one evening, at the cloe of the school, aixl put a fiole into tho rector a tsbtitf. He found to bis surprise; upon opening" iJilhit H contained half a sovereign. Uns was- desJguejl;a8- the haii-yeariy contribution of the servant-gWy wljich she hoped -ta continue to give out of her'-wÖgcs oight pound a year, in thanksgiving toürtd for the ble6sirg reeeiv ed through the school. On preserving it Jha thank ful girl expre-eed her sorrow that it was so wr.all a sum ; auuing, as a aiuu ui opuii'gy. - jjuv,. du, hove wrapped it up iu earnest prayer, and with many tears. .. What a beautilul envelope .was thai I Showing an Enemy's Position at.'.Night. -Cap lain Boxer, of the Royal Hore Artillery; Las invent ed a very effective lighting cnrcuse'to be fired into the sir over on enemy's position, so as to show"". his arrangements and movements iu the darkest night. It was tried with success on Woolwich Marshes on ll. 16th November, before an a.-semblnge of officers. It consists of two tin cases, each being half a sphere the one containing the composition, which burns like a brilliaut blue light, and the other, .ihr.parachute, formed of a light description cf clp-jely woven' buntting. The diameter of the cases appeared to "be aboat five inches, and when fired they- attained a considers ble altitude ; but the parachute, in the first instance, d.d not open out sufficiently, and the lighted, composi

tion soon fell to the ground. Ihe common carcases the latter to the extent ot lspercwt. . ut - w- -.li .1. Äf ,k. m.t.,. of our State,: Legislature from this city to the laws on marriage, and the decisions of our courts on the subject. As. the law is now expounded, marriage, being a civil contract, any male and female declaring ; , i ,,.-.,; themselves to be married, are so legally. Any indi vidual may marry n couple, or a recognition of the parties as married is all that law requires. We need not say that this is fraught with the greatest danger to society as well as to property ; and we admonish those entrusted with this subject to place it at unce upon a secure basis, making marriage what it -really .is, and was intended to be, a civil and religious contract, aud defining who shall have au'.hori.ty. to solemnize that important event, probably the -tnottt important in tho lives of the parties. Xoak's I Times, iru lork. Q-If the law should recognize marriage to bo a religious, as well as a civil institution, should it not also establish a religio-civil tribunal for the trial of questions of divorce, &-c, similar to" the Ecclesiastical courts of England 1 The Major is an Israelitp, and of course has great reverence for the authority o the priesthood. The people generally, will hardly come up to his standard in this respect frj- We have already published the reply . of one writer to the article of "Indiana," (which was published in the semi-weekly of Jan. 5, and which waa copied by many other papers in and out of Ihe State,) am' wo have jusl received a second reply, from another quarter, which we shall pubheh in our next. Law Reform. In his message to tins Legislature of Mississippi, Gov, Quitman utges the abolition of all common Jaw forms of legal procedure, so that "hereafter all suits s'iall be instituted by petition, aud pleaded to by an auswer, aficr the manner of pleading n iw in use jn the chancery cimrt." Oyllere is nn important truth, gin tbe rounds without the credit to which it is fairly euliiled: It is genuine human nature, f very where in all countries, both Pagan and Christian, purity of faith in the public opiuion, takes precedenco of holiness of practice. And stronger than by any cord if virtuous conduct, are . we all attracted towards those who agree with us in speculative theory, for every where is metaphysics mightier Ibau morality.

are projected about a quarter cf a mile. -and thcy burn J.udS me. feW ,a,el' f,r u,cmr ' about ten" minute on the ground.; they; may; be ex- j !'e ?xla P n " vv tinguished -by the enemy. 6 -Captain ioxej's." shell ber d r.un- connexion was known burns aloft in the air at a great .ltitude.'--Av.the Jn DiPub',1h,f'tn ' m"ri J u- i . . ir: i.r.i, .o -.imii.i-in , j,. f people of the Slate decided lhat be would grace the higher point, an explosion took, place similar to thei r-,.., . . .. .r bursting of a rocket in the air; and out came a para-j jjr of U Uovernor ; and in that contest no par of chute, fully six feet iu diameter, and about tnree feet Khe S'a ? fcT-ve L.m a more decided preference than . ,'., J ,t v;M;t t,t..- lTnri. ri, ! the northern, where federalism was so very industnin depth, suspending the bnjiant blue. light. lhet .in. m , . ., . '. . . .a .1. z..,u.ne ;u.,m;n;T tv;8 -0 keep Doctor MendeDball. the notorious aboapparatus floated to the .southeast, illumining the;. . . , u . , i n .l whole of the common under and around it, w ith a jioniat. directly at Mr. B. s heels, especially in the light nearly equal to that of a full moon on a clear :Qria.ker C0UD,,es. 10 ntcrreSie bim upon tbe subject i,l i u' siasery. , nis ' j A question, and I have done : it is addressed to the English Markets. -The Hibernia arrived at Liv- editor, and is in relation to his information that Seuerpool on the 0;h, and her news from New York caus-j ators Whitcomb and Bright have tried to prevent ed a great deal of excitement in the rotion market. themselves from being -instructed upon this or any Early in the week preceding the departure of the Ni- other question, by the Legislature cf Indiana. My agara, it was discovered that the Committee of Bro-. question is this: is the information as reliable in this kers had made a serious mistake, in under-estimating ; case as it was in a former one, thst Senators W. and the stock of cotton to the extent of 80.000 bales, yet, '. B. had officiously sought opportunities of doing tho notwithstanding this fact, the market during the pact' political dirty work cf Edward W. AIcGaughey ! week has been extremely buoyant, and prices hive ad-' G. V. K. vanced a quarter of a penny per lb. all round. Total I - . . sales of the week, 60.000 bates, of which speculators Learning by Machinery. The following is from took 49,000.. IbejJowinsi.tee's quotations are, fair, a Connecticut paper, tho New Haven Palladium: Orleans 6i; Mobile, 6j ajid Uplands, 6. ' j "Mr. Edwin Alien, of Windham, in this State, The corn market' bas beeu dull throughout the king- has invented and procured a patent for a little spelldom duriog the week".. Indian corn has declined 6d j ing machine, which is designed to instruct little gpnper qr, and now sells at 30s for prime whitr, end 29s j jlemen and ladies in the knowledge of the alphabet far yellow. Best, brands of Phila. and Bait, fiour and the art of spelling, while they are sliding the command 25tia25 6d. . Western Canal, 23s. j wooden letters about ia the grooves of the small MaAmerican Provisions. Beef continue!" depressed, ; Jiogany board to which they are attached. The board and there is but little demand for pork. Bacon' and ; jg about twelve inches long and five wide. In the lard, however, are in lively request, at improved ratcsj centre' are four horizontal grooves in which the words

Cummu-iicaled. ' Scuator Drigljf. . -

and l.epiescntatives in coi gtess, coj les oi this joint lesoiutioa at his tailiett convenience. Messrs. Whilcomb and Bright, call themselves Democrats and profess to believe in the doctrine of instruction. We shall now 6ee whether they will obey or resign. Letters from Washington, received during the ses sion of the Legislature, say that these gentlemen were using all their influence with their special friends here to prevent the passage of any resolutions of instruction on the subject of slavery. In this effort they have failed, and they, altltough sympathising k with the bouth, must vole lor the extension of the ordinance of 1737, or resign. They love office too well to cl.'"e the latter alternative, aud, therefore. will vote for it. ' This will go hard with ihem, and especially with Ir. Bright, as he is, probably, the only Senator from a free btate lhat is a SUvc'noldi-r. Hi lime i out next winter, and whether the Dem ocrats or Whigs, tin ve the Legi-bture, it j pretty generally understood that he will have permission to remain at home. - - Srcondiy ftr-Vheii Mr, Clemens, of the U. S. Senate, got into a pet and denounced the Northern Democracy, several of the most servile of the dougli-fiaces of tho North attempted to pacify him by assuring Lim that their States had never parsed instructions favorably to the Wilmot 1 roviso. Jessc 1). JJright was among that Dumoer. He wss mistaken in that matter, as resolutions were passed by onr Legislature last winter, and now recently repeated. Should any territorial bill come before the Senate, containing that Proviso the Indiana Slave-holder will not dare vote against it. A nd thirdly Gen. Lane and the Presidency. Next Winter an election of an TJ. S. Senator w ill take place to fill the vacancy occasioned hy the expiration of Mr. bright a term. The Hon. K. V. Owen is anxious to be his successor, but one Gen. Lane stands much in his way. The recent meeting (at which Mr. Owen figured largely) nominated Gen. Lane for the Tresi dency, was an ingenious movement to get him out of Mr. Owens way for the Senate: Will it succeed ! We shall see. Old Sank. ims(lf,ie nothing, when cornpsred with the luck of the democratic party of Indiana! Only think f their good luck in having tho Indiana State Journal fr a defender and advocate a keeper of their good name and fortune. ho can, hereafter, doubt tl rir signal triumph and acendancy 1 Frankness, it is true, requires me to admit lhat a cerlam portion of this friendship may, strietly s;eaking, be called a 7uo born fal. I allude to the announcement, to the democratic party of Indiana, titat me of her Senators has committed the same unpardonable crime that General Taylor has owned slaves. True, Senator Bright did not buy them of John Hagan, as Generul Taylor did. The former, through Lis wife. Miss Turpin that wa inherited them from Lis father-in-law. I speak of ths Journal's zeal in this behalf, ss new bom, berauso Senator ß.a . connexion with slavery had ila origin seme twelve or fifteen years ago, and that loo, immediately across the Ohio rivtr from Jrffersou county, Indiana in the State where, if 1 mistake not, the editor of the Indiana Journal was born, reared and educated; and where Le could, had he been so disposed, have learned the truth something that n-flccn a virtue instead tf a crime upon Senator Bright' conduct towards his slaves. The origin, I say, of this connexion, was directly opposite Jefferson cnunty, Indiana, a majority of whose voters, whig ss sho was, took hirn in preference to Wilberforce Lyle, Esq., one of tbe best lawyers and most trustworthy federalists in the county, for the cff.ee of Probate i are to be arranged above them i the alphabet of -'.j capital lefers, and below is the alphabet of small letI " tera. We are tolj that they are used with much suelers. vvcaro ioiu uiai mey j ct" 1U iU."w Illness of iTIr. Calhoun. .Washington, Sunday, Jan. 27. The d.scase with ..... . . . which Mr. Calhoun is suffering has unexpectedly ta ken an unfavorable turn, and the most serious apprehensions at the hour of this writing is entertained, both by Iii physicians and friends as to his recovery. You need not be surprised to hear of his defease at any moment, nor is it an impossibility that Le may after all recover. The issue is with Him alone, who but wills and it is accomplished, aud whose ways are past find-ng out. X. Y, Tribune. The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore .American, states that "news" has reached the former city, Lhat a personal encounter took place at Lima, on the 9h of December last, between our newly a ppuiuted Consul, Col. Potter, and Mr. Sullivan, the Charge d'ACairs near ihe Government of Chili, and the nephew of Lord Palmerston. The origin of the difficulty is stated to be, that Mr. Sullivan, in the absence of Col. Poller, forcibly ejected Mrs. Toller and child from her lodgings in the hotel, whereupon Col. Potter sought an interview with him, and not receiv- . j log a sufficient apology, gave Lima severe horsewhipping wich bts richly deserved. C-The U. S. Senate has recently ratified a treaty with Brazil, under which our government becomes re-spoiir-ible fr payment of citizens claims against Brazil, and ErazU pays 550,000 millreas, Brazilian currency, with six per cent, interest since the first of July li st. Southern Convention. The Florida Sentinel, one of the best papers in that State, comes out strongly against the southern convention which is proposed to be holden iu Nashville, Tcniu, in June next, aud to which Mississippi and South Carolina have already chosen delegates. ; -. . , . ; . a . Saint Lovis, Feb. 1, P. M. Goosrlair Monies-, quieu has been indicted fur murder in the first degree. Raymond Las been retained for a witnes.. The trial will probably be Leid at the present term of the Criminal Court. ; These are the, young Frenchmen who, it will be remembered, shot Barnutn end others, in St. Louis, last fall.