Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 34, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 January 1850 — Page 2

3aMqnct State Sentinel. ETCIXAL TICILA5CE IS TUE FftlCE OF ttBTETT.

IXXMAX.IPOLIS. JAIVt'AISY 31, 150. Our Terms. Tiie following w ill hcreaf.er be the permanent terms of the Wrfk'y In-liana State Sentinel: OPaymonts to be mide always iu advance. One copy, one year. $2.00 Three copies, u!i year, o.nu i Uaecojw dorins tiie session, 50 " . V ' . . . . I , , ciui-t.t4fciy. Me.B. x (Published three times & week during the session.) ! One copy, 100 Three copies, glU.Ulj One copy during the session, 1.00. Tlic "Free Soiler. nutl llic "Whigs, j Roth before and since t!ie la3t annual election in; this State, it was, and is now, the endeavor of the j whig Taylor papers generally, to impress upon the; ...... -i i- e people mat liial ra"y is me peculiar menu oi mat portion dinornmatcd "free öowera. im posmo., euch, was particularly 'urged, especially before the election, in those sections where the principles ofthat portion of the people peculiarly obtained. Tobe sure, some of those differently situated, ni nt the south part of cur State and in smelling distance of the Kentucky shore, were more cautiou. They not onlj did not advocate, or even treat with courtesy, any thing published on the subject. Some few, wiser than the rest in their vocation, said nothing, leaving it to be inferred, that if not in favor of Free Soilism, they were not opposed to it; and such could always carry in their hats, a good tchig paper from another eection, purposely to6how to those whose votes they wanted, and thereby attempt indirectly to prove, that the whigs were their friends. While papers at the north atd east, to say nothing of the vascillating course of the Central Organ, were strenuous in their jrofessions of love for this class while their totes ttere vant'd, it is hard for this class to tell which aide they are on. The two extremes of the State are Oüly an illustration of the principles of the Federal Whig party. They have faces for all latitudes. Slavery men here, abolitionists there. No common bond of union but the love of power, the hankering after the loaved and h'ahe. When in, the very elements competing it, clash nor will they, nor can they, mix, more than oil and water. Rotten in every senue, as the leaders are, it is impossible that it should be otherwise. Wo have said thus much, for the purpose of introducing the following notice of those claiming to Le Free Soilers, that they may have some evidence of the truth of our hasty remarks. More is at hand ; and shall be given in broken dotes as the State of the immaculate whig party seems to exhibit. We cornmend it to the attention of our free soil friend, and will merely add that it is extracted from the "Sairm Rtws" a whig paper published at Salem, in this State. 0Circumgtances have long since impelled us to doubt the sincerity of a larre majority of those men who make lour profeaaiona for the principe of Fieeaoiiiam. By the deceit and r7 treachery ot the Freesoil party, James K. Polk was elected President, Texas annexed and the Mexican war with its lirers of blood and millions of public dt-bt, Huddled upon the country. Next we find them up with their whole party strength, battling against Gen. Taylor, who had pledged himself not to veto their favorite meaaure if paaaed by Congress ; but lo this aurance of the old patriot, they turned a daaf year and madly ruabed on to the indiiect asaistance of Lewis Cum, the man who had openly avowed his hostility to their measures. Before the people have time to forget their trtachtry in this case, they are called on to witness another more foul and molting to the feelings of every honest citizen. We allude to the election of Mr. Cobb, a Southern Slaveholder, to the office of Speaker. The Freesoil party bad it in their power to elect a man from one of the free States, but this they refused to do, and again proved to the people that they are not sincere in their professions. Awat with scch a fartt wi df.tsst it Irom oar very soul, and believe it is composed of the mot corrcft mes uho lite. Death ey supposed Violence. An Irishman, whose name we are told, was McDonald, died on Monday morning, in a room in the row of wooden frames, owned by Joshua Stevens, (on Maryland street, cast of Delaware,) and occupied by one Ramsay. The deceased we are told arrived here, via railroad, early last week, and had in his possession some $150. It is said that he expended his money pretty freely at a doggery kept by one Herron, several other persons accompany ing him in the orgies. On Wednesday or Thursday they got into a fight in which McDonald is said to have been badly beaten by one Shannon, another Irishman. On Friday McD. became sick, and was taken to Ramsay's room by Shannon. Ramsay told us that on Saturday and Sunday, he and his wife had repeatedly applied to different physicians for advice, but that all refused to attend, unless they were paid in advance. The man therefore died without medical assistance. On Monday forenoon a coroner's jury held a secret inquest upon the case at the Court House. The coroner told us that he had tried to obtain a post mortem examination of the body, and bad summoned nearly every physician in town for that purpose, but all positively refused to attend. The reason of this refusal is understood to be, the refusal of the County Commissioners to allow sufficient fees for former similar services. So it seems, that for the sake of a few paltry dollars, the supposed perpetrators of the blackest crimes are to be permitted to escape unscathed and unexamined. Fugitive Slaves. A resolution was recently passed by the Maryland House of Delegates, author! zing the Attorney General of Maryland to test, before the Supreme C -urt, if necessary, the power of a Ma istrate of New York city, to discharge from custody a fugitive lave. The case in point is tbat of Mr. Lee, cf Frederick, who some time since arrested bis runaway slave in New York, but he was subsequent ly discharged by one of the Magistrates, and allowed to escape. The bill also provides for paying Mr. Lee the expends incurred in his unsuccessful effort to re gain porscsicn of the runaway. "The city of Lowell, is djorned, by tho verdict of a jury m the bupreme Judicial Court, to pay Lyman ilaymond JJio, cs a compensation for a broken knee pan, causing permanent lameness, wbicii he got by tumbling over a grate in the gutter, which stuck up some two inches above the curb stone. fC7lbe cilv fJ lndianawjiis will "catcli it' in similar style before long, if some of the many man traps ore permitted to remain as they are. The enlift neglect cf duty on the part of the corporation of ficer ia really scandalous to them aud to every body else; but nobody cares, and of course the neglect will continn?. People of this town love to be taxed as well as they love to be humbugged; and we hope tiie Council will give it to 'em strong! Dr. Maktix Gat, a distinguihed chemist, died re cently, at Boston. The day before his decease, in conversation with a friend, he attributed his disease to poison, contracted from handling the remains, at the Harvard .Medical College, believed to be those of the late Dr. Parkmau. So states the Bostou Tran script. Dr. G. was of a vigorous constitution, and is the first of a family of twelve children who has died. ChecsMatixg. In the U. S. Senate, Seward offer cd a resolution giving land to Hungarian refugees, so as to check-mate Cass's proposition for non-intercourse with Austria. Webster, to take the wind out of Seward' sails, proposed to give a quarter section of land to everybody. This one trips the heels of the ct'ier, while trying lo slick stakes for the Presi-1 tlency perhaps.

Iluiluny to Zmli;iii;i-olis. Juxt before the cloae of the session of the Indiana Legislature, on act pn-tsed incorporating Companies to construct a railway Irom Indianapolis to Shelby ville. thence to Grcensburjh. Tliis. connected with the Lawrenceburjrfi Knd to Ruhvil!e, will ops-n a direct way to CiLcinnali by way of Lawrenctburgh. We have not seen the act. and are not advised of its provisions beyond what is stated above. Eicn this act met with the opposition of the Madison interest. Cincir.nAi GaztUt Ö"5"The "Madison interest" knew nothing about it; nor d we suppose that ten members of the General

Assembly were ory wiser. It was a trick of leg ' . ialntion, nch as is often nlaved off under the loose a manner 'f doing busi;jes, which Ins always prevailed in our legislature, upon the plea of tcouoiny. No such trick could be played, if bills were printed; but that would cnsl something ! Every body here, however, is glad that the bill spoken of by the Gazette wns smuggled through; and if the Cincinnatiaus want ie rtmd a, cerl8niy 8ll0ulJ, they had bet Uf ,ake ,i()!J of j lmini.(Ji.ltc)y nnd activelr. Eaton and Hamilton Railroad. l'y reference to our advertising columns, the official announcement of the location of the Eaton and Hamilton Railroad, will be found, and also that the grubbing, grading and masonry will be let to contractors on the 22d of February. Relative to this subject, the Eaton Register say "It is unnecessary for us to say that every thing augurs well for a speedy and certain completion of the road. Harmony, and a determination to carry on the work, is manifested by all. When completed, and the connection formed west of this piace, we will have a road, that for cheapness and profitableness of stock, will compare with any road in the country. Indinnnpolis and the Wabash valley will then be twenty miles nearer the great ouilet for their produce than they are now. This is an item which has heretofore been entirely overlook by railroad men. We shall have more to say about this hereafter." - Surgical Operation by Dr. Mott. We find the following brief report of an operation by Dr. Mott, at the New York University, a few days ago, in Noah's Sunday Tiroes : A young man had a tumor growing out of one of bit Bestritt. It came, in time, to fill the whole cat iijr, aod was at hue at a ben's egg. It was to large and M txieosive ly and firmly attached that it was impossible ia pull it out with forcep,a i done with poljrpi. The worth proferanr put on his ciiiideiing cap ai d ludird out au Operation ; and iben. to make sore, be peifomcd it on a dead budy. Satisfied of its piacticability, he beao first, he made a straight incision fr. m the inner comer of the ere to the mouth, through the upper lip ; then disectcd ihe fleh from the bone, so as to tuiu all the fl.hy pait of the iioe over upon the other side of tbe fare. This dune, he tawed through ihe bone, and by a nice piece of carpenter woik, laid cpeu the whole extent of the DJitiil. The tumor was now exposed, cut loose and aily exuacted, and the patient "( well without any difuuiement but a line wheie the flehy pans were reunited. Thii wis au ingenious, bold and successful operation. This is certainly a very remarkable operation, but not quite so wonderful as one we heard nf the other evening, and which many of our city readers will at once recognise as an old acquaintance, to-wit : On the Island of Madeira? some years ago, a Portugese nobleman fell dangerously sick ; the physicians of the bland were called, and agreed that he must die; they were unacquainted w ith his disease and could do notliing for him. While they were yet lingering with the dying man, an English physician named Dr. Calls (or Carey) who was at that limb on the island for his health, was sent for in haste, and arrived as by magic. He pronounced the cause of disease to be a tumor on the brain. The nobleman consented to an operation on the head for the purpose of removing it. And." continued the narrator, Dr. Calla took his instruments, cut a square piece out of the top of the patient's head as large as a Spanish dollar, skillfully removed a large tumor in the shape of a bag, from the brain; called for a green gourd, which grow plentifully in that country cut a piece of it to fit the place in the head, put some salve about it, and in a week's time the nobleman gut on his horse and rode two miles to the Dr.'s house to thank him for saving his life!" Whether hair grew on the piece of gourd we were not informed. This was told for sober tru'.h by a travelling preacher who occupied several of our city pulpits a few days ago. Of course a collection was taken up for him. Small-Pox Carelessness. We Lave seen a letter from the county of Huron, peaking of the extensive prevalence of the small pox in that region. The writer says one of their physicians sent to Cincinnati for vaccine matter, but a number of those vaccinated have died. The physicians say tbe vaccine matter must have been taken from some patient having the erysipelas. It is so dangerous that the use of it has been altogether discontinued. Too much care cannot be observed in selecting vaccine matter for use. Cincinnati Gazette. fjrWe have evidence of repeated instances of the communication of scrofulous matter, in the manner described above. We fear it so much, that we are very doubtful if the risk of injury is not great enough to outweigh any supposed protection against small pox by vaccination. The chief benefit of vaccination is, in our opinion, as an antidote to scare, rather than to small pox; but to purchase so desirable an exemption by contracting a worse disease than small pox, we should consider a bad bargain. The CimbriJge Reveille of the 19ih sayswe learn that the small pox is raging to some extent in Connersville. The Physicians of that place seem to be afraid of the disease. We learn they refused to wait on the unfortunate individuals attacked by it, and they were forced to go the distance of twelve miles, to this place, for medical attendance. Such conduct in physicians is unworthy the profession. 0"ln reference to the special message of the President, which we copy to-day, the Cincinnati Enquirer observes: The substance of the whole is to admit new States as fust as they apply, piovided their form of government be republican; and to let the territories manage their municipal affairs in their own way, without a territorial government, until they arc ready to be admitted into the Union of States; and this for the purpose cf avoiding the agitation of the slavery question. , His viewu in relation to the propriety of letting the people who inhabit the territories settle all questions of domestic policy to suit themselves, are the same as those assumed by Gen. Cass ia his Nicholson letter, and which views were so condemned by the'whigs all over the Union. It is very evident to our mind, from the position taken by G en. Taylor in his message, that if Congress pass a territorial bill for New Mexico, with the proviso in it, he will veto it. His great object appears to be to have Congress so act as to keep any such bill from being presented to him. If tho recommendations of Gen. Taylor prevail, the slavery question will not be settled until after the next Presidential election. To keep the question open as he recommends is the very worst policy that can be adopted. We sincerely hope Congress will reject it. According to letters from Washington, the Southern members are in a terrible rage at the sentiments expressed in the message. The r.dmiiiitratioii now stands between two hot fires. Deer in California. A correspondent of the York Tribune says deer are very abundant in California. He was informed by a miner, that of over 300 log cabins which he passed on his may from the Rio Americano to Sacramento, there was scarcely one but had a deer hanging by the door. Were it not for this specirs of food the inhabitants in the winter season would be in imminent danger of starvation. . OCrTho U. S. Sloop-of-war Jamestown U to be ordered home, from the Mediterranean, immediately, I for the purpose of entering upon other service.

Congressional. Washington, Jan. 21. Senate. Numerous petition and memorials wen: presented, and among them ne by Mr. Clay asking Congres o purchase the Mount Ve no i The Senate then proceeded to ti.e consideration of the joint resolution submitted by IV r. Clay for purclianinjl the one inal manuscript of Valiii)it n'a Farewell

Add res. Mr. Clay eloquently advocated the resolu-

tinn reft-rring to the universal lore f.,r t!e memory ofj0p ndiustiri-Wa-hinoton and the intereHt every wliere in America, i

felt in contemplating any and every thing Urging to the Father of ii.s Country. He then sta.eu Hut manuscripts were in the hands of the descendants l , iClaypoo'c, editor of the Daily Advertiser formerly ' ! published in Piiiludelohia, which was selected by Wfisl.ington to publish his Farewell AddrefS. who had ' i r i it i .i l . . t rrcriM uü tcu it lor sale, ne oa.i uiouSiii proper io innke the If.r. to Fecure it for the library of Congress, After some intt rcating conversation the resolution paRsiJ. The'Senate then proceeded to tl o consideration of . .... ,. . . c the bill providing for the more t fT.t tual execution of the provii-ioii of the Cotixtitution relative to the recapJure 'F fujrttive sluie. After a lengthy debate by Butler, Chase and Mason, the lurthrr i-.oisiderat:on of the bill was postponed, and the Senate after spending rome time in Executive session, adjourned (ill -Monday. Washington. Jan. 25. In the House, yeslerdny, after the usual routine of business, su idry reports from committees were received and referred. The President's California menace was referred to the Committee of the Whole, and ordered to be printrd. Mr. Savoffe's resolution calling on the President for information relative to the occupation by ihe British Government of Tigre Island, was taken up. After consideiib.e discussion the resolution was adopted. A message was received from the President, transmitting a copy of the Conveniion between crazu ano the United Slates, for the adjustment of claims against the former. Referred to the Committee on Foreign AfFtirs. A joint resolution was adopted for the election of a Chaplain. Adjourned till Monday. The Constitution of California is, in all its gen eral provisions, the very most democratic fundamental law that was ever framed by any equally large community on the face of the earth. The briefest glauce at its provisions upon tnose topics which have been and now are Party issues, in many of the old State, wül prove this. By our constitution, suffrage is universal to all white male citizen-. Foreigners may acquire, inherit and dispose of property, real and personal, as if thev were native citizens. Imprisonment tor debt, except in rases or fraud, is abolished. All the Judges and all the offi cers of all the Courts of the State must, alter the first election of Supreme Court JuJges in the Legislature, be elected by the people directly, every two years. Ihe btate leeis'ature lias no power to prnni any Lank cliarlers. Stockholders in all corporations are made individually liable, and no corporation can be created except under a genera I law. Ihe credit of the Stale cannot be civen or loaned to any corpo ration or individual. The homestead and some other property of every family is Fccured from a forced sale. The State may be sued bv an individual. The separate property of married women is to be protect ed. The power of the Legislature to create any Slate debt, exceeding the sum t-f three hundred thousand dollars in the aggregate, is moet stringently limited, and tho direct vote of the people in favor of increasing the debt is made indespenfablc. as well as full provision for its Jirjuidation. The Constitution may at any time be amended by a majority vole of two successive Legislatures, confirmed by a maorny vote of the people. San Francisco (Cai.) Pacißc Nttcs. (7-We hope that Indiana will have a Constitution quite as democratic as that of California, and die will if tho people send the right kind of Delegates to the Convention. Let the people move early in the matter, before demagogues circumvent them ! "We ask" Mr. Chapman, "as a personal act of gentlemanly courtesy . towards us," to practice the eleventh commandment and "mind his own business;" Ihe Palladium will endeavor to do right without the prompting of a "busy-body in other men's matters." The above ia the production of a blackguard who calls himself the "juoior editor" of the Richmond Palladium. We think he is sufficiently rebuked by j his master. Senator Holloway. senior editor of the . i .i .. r t..j;.- t:- ; i rrm nn nor w in Ihn nrn to Irnm I nntannnnllil. in TP-r-r" i r - ply to a request Irom us, mat Lo would correct UlS lying sub.. "I see you have fallen into an error in supposing that Mr. r.Ider ot the Jenersoman was the person ot that name who was. voted for. for State nrmter. The IT VI. I. r..m . - ... J .,ki; K r !.. ... ' - Locomotive or tins place. Mr. tider oi Wayne voled for ilr. Chapman, which I should have done myself had it been necessary to choose between our po- . . . llllCal Opponents. The Spanish Consul. The United States govern - ment has dismissed the Spanish consul at New Or-

leans. Don Carlos D'Espana, for bis connection with hf P'otect ttra against the h dians. It is ondoubted- , . r . , . . ,. , ,. . ly Irue lhat Ibe propei ly, lives, libet lies, and religion of the the Rey affair. Ihe Spanish minister thinks Jus gov- people of New Mexico, a.e belter protected thau ihey ever

ernment will be surprised at this, after the acquittal - . , . . , i. n -: oi me consul, out consents .to me rigui oi me a imident to discharge bim. Mr. Clavton exDlains this i . . ,. r .i r :a expulsion to rest on the results of the trial of consul, which must impair his usefulness if contini nfTj.A

j which peculiarly affects themselves win infallibly be let7The Pennsylvanian says Of the $145,000,000 garded by ibem a an invaion of their rights i and, upon

of our exports, during the last commercial year, no ., i,irw . j c , less inan iu,wu,uw consisieu ui uur u-ncwiuf ui productions ! This exemplifies the preponderance of the industrial interest of the farmer and planter, unassisted by the adventitious aid of a tariff in their favor. Then, why is this overwhelmingly great interest to be taxed, not to compensate, but to enrich a minor one, by aid of a tariff! 07The following toast was given at a dinner, in honor of Garnett Duncan, by tfie members of ihe Louisville Bar, a few weeks ego: "The Lrnto7i Entire, indivisible, and sacred the strength and glory of the Republic. Next to our Maker, it challenges our highest reverence. We pledge our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor to maintain it." That's just as we all feel in this quarter. 07" The whig papers of this State are particularly interested just now about the qualifications of Colonel Allen May, our new Slate Agent. Better look at hörnt, gentlemen. Col. May is forty times better qualified for State agent than Taylor is for President. If our whig friends had searched "all the world, and the "other quarters of ihe globe," tn say nothing of the 44 rent of mankind," they would hardly have been able to stumb'e on Taylor's equal in ignorance. CratrfordstiL'e Retiew. A letter from Paris says a treaty has been concluded between the Empcro'r of Russia and the President of th French Republic, which will be found anything but desirable as far as England is concerned. Hogs packed in Cincinnati By an official publication of ihe Chamber of Commerce, it appear? there were 338,45)5 hogs slaughtered and packed at that place Ihe past season. 07"Dr. G. N. Fitch, member of Congress from the Oth District of Indiana, has been selected by the House of Representatives as one of the Regents of he Smithsonian Institute. OrThe Cincinnati Gazette announces to "all the j world" and the "rest of mankind," that no yearly contracts for advertising can bo tnido with that paper for less than six months! A very good notion. 0OThey have passed a resolution at last to open the sessions of the Ohio Senate with prayer. Right ! They have opened long enough with curses.

Presidents Message upon the Territorial Question. The following message from Pn-i-ident Taylor is in respone torrrtain rsiliitin for information concerning the Territory of California, iu Government, &.C. It M an ainpl.fir im of iln- r.-countieinla. ion in the annual mcs-a:.f in n hition to ;r newly acquired

p -sesion., sioges'in n tlisiinrt and ;ecir!c metliod tl;e diff.euh questions therewith con w a'hikct n. Jnuan . 1850. To the I!out f Represent ice$ ,. the Utiled Stales: i timmn i.. ihr Ii u- .r R. mcmi-iti, i answer to rrsoluti n if tint body, p on the 3 1 - -f Drcembei the i-c-rp ) iiur i. p.i of biN uf l). potmrot, wh,cJ a"n " !' -tBci.l i,.r...mi ... ,.a-,ci.ion of th Exicuiive -k t for tr the tr"Iii i'"i. j 0 toml. lii( (hrr , f )Uii1 ,he mi,jU(y rnm,lin(iant ,)f the drpaiinirm uf C-hfoini . exeirii:i ihr fm ni.nn t.f civil jrnrri nor in urn ieuroy ; nil u-O I w. t art iml-r ! the tieatv of (Jiinl.Upe HiU'- wi h- ut the aiJ if any te- " i r-t.blixhi. ..g l "' ih.l Tni ntorr, I iliuu'ht it I e-t nut ! di-iuib ihjl arranrpment. made u(Jcr mf flt4tctMl,tUutU cren boolj tke..me lction o i that sul-ifct. I the reh.ie did not intciftt with the rowers of the militaiy rummandant. who comioio d to eaerrie the functions of civil governor as brfoie, ' at I made do such appointment, rotilrricd no such authority, and bsre allowed I'O increased compensation to tbe commandant for his eirice. VYi.b a view to the faithful execution of the treaty, so tt as lay ia the power of the Executive, and to enable Cti-gie-s to act at the present session with as full knowledge aod as little difficulty as possible on alt nutter of interest in lhee Territoiies, I sent tbe Hon. Thomas Butler King a better of despatches t California, and certain officeis to California and New Mexico, whe duties are paittrularly defined in the accompanjing ltlrs of in-irtiction adJiesed to them seveially by tbe pmper department. I did riot hesitate to expies to the people of those Territories my deire that each Teriiioiy should, if piepared to comply with Ihe requisitions of the Constitution of the Uuiied State, form a plan of a State constitution, and submit the same to Congress, wi b a prayn for admisxtun into the Union as a State ; but I did not anticipate, -uges, 01 authorise the establishment f any such government without the assent of Coogies, oor did I auihmise any government agent or officer to inierfeie with, or ex-rcie any influence or control over ihe election of delegates, or ovei any rnvriition, in making or modifying their domestic institutions, or any of tbe provisions of their pioposed constitution. On ihe contrary, the instructions given by my oiders were, that all me aurn of d'metic policy adopted by the jeople of California mut oiiinate solely with themselves; thai while the Executive of the United States was deirous to protect ibem in the foimation of any government republican in its character, to be at the proper time submitted to Congress, yet ii was lo be rfi-tinctly understood that the plan of such a government must at 'tie same time be the resell of iheir own deliberate choice, and originale with- themselves, without tbe inteifetenee or the Executive. I am unable to eire spy iofoimation aa lo laws passed by any upposed government in California, or of any census .-ken ia either of the Territoiies mentioned in the resolu tion, as I have no information on tboe subjects. As already staled, I have -not distuibed the anangements which 1 tound bad existed under my ptedecessor. In advising aa eaily application by the people of tVcsr Territoiies for admission aa Slates. I was actuated princi pally by an earnest desiie to afford to the wisdom and r ati totism of Congress ihe opportunity of avoiding occasions of bitter and angry dissensions among the people of the United states. Under the Constitution eveiy State ha the liiht of estb Hilling, and from time to time alteti:ig, i't municipal Isws and domestic institutions, independently of every other Sta'e and oi the General Government, subu-ct only to the piohibi lions and guarantees expressly set forth in the Constitution of Ihe United Stales. The subjeets thus left exclusively tu the tespec'ive States wete not designed or expected to be come topics of national agitation. Still, as under ihe Con stitutioQ Congress has power to make all needful rate and regulations respecting the Teiritoiies of the United Sta'es, every new acquisition of Temtory has led to discussions on Ihe question whether the system of involuntaiy servitude which pievails in many t-f ihe States should or should uot be prohibited in that Tmitoiy. The peiiods of excitement from (hi cause which have heie'ofore occuncd have been safely pased, but daring the iuteiral of whatever length which may elape before the admission of the Territories ceded by Mexico as States, it appeal probable that similar excitement will pievail to an undue extent Under these citcumstancas I thought, and still think, that it was my duty to endeavor lo put it in ihe power of Con. gtess, by ihe admis-ion of California and New Mexico as States, to temove all occasion for Ihe unnecessary agitation of (he public mind It is uodetstood that the people of ihe western part of California have tot med a plan of a State constitution, and will soon submit Ihe same lo tbe judgment of Congiess, and thoueh in accoidance with, wai not adopted exclusively in apply lor admission as a Mate, this course ou their part, consequence of, any expression of my wihes, inasmuch as measuiei lending to this end bad been promoted by the cm cers sent there by my predecessor, and were already in ac live progress of execution bctoie any communication from me reached California. If the pioposed constitution shall, when submitted lo Congress, be found lo be in compliance with the requisition of the Constitution of the United States, I earnestly recommend that it may receive the sanction of Congress. I Tbe part of California not inc'uded in the proposed State ' of that name i- billeted to be uninhabited, except in a set I laman t sf aiip PnittilrrmAn in r K a aiiin!tw nt Cll f tV a t.iMvii vue vvuiitiiiiM ii s m av v rviiiK y va c'srii awe a 7 A claim ha been advanced by the btate of Texas lo a very large poition of ihe most populou district of the Territoiy commonly designated by the name of New Mexico. ' J - ur the people cr Iew Mexico bad formed a plan or Mate ' government for that Terntoiy as ceded by the tieaty of Gau dalupe Hidalgo, and had been admitted by Congiess as a State, onr Constitution would have afforded means of obtaining an adjustment of the question of boundary with Text I by a judicial decision. At present, however, no judicial tri bunii bas tbe power oi aecidmr (hat question, and it re c. r A - j r : . ... . "" vusit i u-c owe uiuue iui ii uiusiiiicui. ,,, h. ,rient hefor. ...rh territorial government, which, by including the district so cl-umed, would piaetically decide the question adversely lo I 1 i . c - - r ... k . . j , J 1 I . ... omr ui i(sir,ur, 7 riciuum 11, would ucciue 11 iu i her favot. In my opinion such a course would not be expe- ' ?jeD' 'T.ci'!ljr th- pe?p.le of ,his- Tcr1,i,t,,ry ,'!' pi . the benefit and nrolretionnr their mumrinal lava, nncniallv deiived from Mexico, aod have a military fotce stationed . w' &e,0 "T cession. Should Congress, when California shall ptesent heiself for incorporation into ihe Union, annex a condition to her ad . mission a a State affecting ber domestic institutions contra ry to ihe wishes of ber people, and even compel her t-m-hj t0 mply with , fe the Stat, could change ber constitution at any time after admii-ion, when to her it j houH seem expedient. Any attempt Ij deny to the peopie of the State ihe right of self-government in a matter j Principles laid down in our own Declaration of Indepfndence, they will certainly be sustained by the great mo or ibe American people. To assert that they are a conqtieted people, and must as a State submit to the will of iheir conquerois, io this regard, will meet with no cor dial respouse among America freemen. Gieat number of them are native citizen of the United Slates, not lofeiior to Trie tet of oor countrymen in intelligence and patriot ism i and no languige cf menace to lestiain ibem in the exereiie of an undoubted right, substantially guarantied to them by the treaty of cession itself, shall ever be uttered by me, or encoutaged and sustained by penons acting under my authoiity. It is to be expected thai in the residue of the leriitory ceded lo us by Mexico, the people residing there will, at the time ot their incorporation into tbe Urnon as a State, settle all questions of domestic policy to suit themselves. Nomateiia inconvenience will result from Ihe want, for1 a short pettod, of a government established by Congress over tbat part of the tenitoiy which lies eastward of the new Slate of California ; and Ihe reasons for my opinion lhat New Mexico will at no very distant period a?k fur admissioo into the Uuioo, ate founded on unofficial lufot -na tion, ishich I suppose is common to all who have cared to i make inquiries on tbat sabject. seeing, then, lhat the question which now excites such painful sensations In the country will, in the end. certainly be settled by the silent effect of causes independent of the action of Congiess, I again submit to your wisdom Ihe policy recommended in my annual message nf awaiting the salu tary opeiation of Iho-e causes, believing that we shall thus avoid the cieation of geographical parties, and secute Ihe harmony of feeling so necessary to tbe beneficial action of our political system. Connected si the Union is with the lemembrance of past happiness, the sense of present bles sing, aod tbe hope of future prospeiity, eveiy dictate of wisdom, every feeling of duty, and every emotion of patriotism tend to inspire fidelity and devotion to it, and admon. t-h os cautiously tu avoid any unnecessary coutroveisy which can either endanger it or impair in strength, the chief element oi wnich is lo befouul in Ibe regard and affect ion oi ui people lor each, other. Z. TAYLOR. She-Devil. The True Delta states that a woman named Sarah Adams, was recently arrested at New Orleans, "on a charge of cruelty to two poor colored girls, who, unfortunately for them, belonged to her. It would seem, that in order to extort a confession out of tho girls, which they either could not or would not give, she placed a fire under them, or rather placed ihem over a fire, by which their abdomens were cru elly scorched. When applying the lighted torch, the inhuman being exclaimed, (as we have been inform ed,) that "the truth would come out that way." Thanks to Captain Forno, the wretch is secured. Gen. Taylor is supposed to mean by the 4,rest of mankind " the large crowd of office seekers for whom places could not bo furnished, and who in their disappointment, turned their wrath on the Administration. If this bo the cae, then the Administration is destined to be disappointed in seeking to maintain "cherished relations of amity with them, for the wrath of the disappointed is never to be appeased. Pa. Ledger.

Facts for Farmers TnriflT Home Market. Facts, the results of experience, are altogether more reliable, as the basis of correct opinion, than theories, however Fpecious and plausible. We therefore commend to the consideration of our farmers the following article from the able New York Commercial corresponent of the Washington Union. These facts demimxtrale, beyond all carii, the correctness of lib-

eral doctrines in regard to the la nil, and oi course f the fallacy of the dogmas of the "protectionists." The business of this port, (New York,) forseverar years, ending with December, is as follows : , Imports, port of Jftw York, for the current year. . ' r J . . pped t. Free roods. DntnMe. Total. Dellna. 1816, 7i5,S29 Sll,1l7,435$.VJ,s06,-ti7$:0)99t 117,15378 isi7, 8,7io,7n 7,75i,j7 73,571,10-2 93,oi6.i57 2u,2o6,-2o4 !, l.US.3.001 8.3; 7643 41 88.315,45 20.172,903 13, 5,4t7,65 9,:9.l,930 B1JJ,J Srj,7l,ej7 aiJJ.UlS , The Zierate inrre.se in the businwi of ihe pot rer ! 1346. the last 1 ear of the old tariff, i 40 per cent., br which prop iriion all the interests tt this city, and iheir eonoazious j in me most rrm te sections ti me uMon, nave oee improved. The increase of coin inpoitrd indicates that Ihe flow of capital towaid this country, added to the proceeds of our a!e of produce exceed the amount of foreign goods which we have purrhased, notwithstanding ihe low tana. The exports of the pott have for cnrreponiu periods, been as follows t Exports, pnrt of JYVuj York. Foreign Goods. - Specie. Free. DntiaMe- Domestic Totnl. ft,43',22i) tdll,79S J2.2i3,l3G 931,953,611 $36,421,763 4,833,4j5 731,123 I,43C,2aJ 45,57 Hl 52,550,204 10.7J4.7-O 331. 2,67,H2 3l.002.S79 41.679 043 4,632,450 376.591 4,314,208 59,392.770 29,516,019 If 16. 1547, 13 H, Under the operation of the warehouse sytem, we have in these figures a matked increase in the canying liade of tbe port, a indicated in the enhanced export ol foreign dutiable g-Hids, beinj Canadian produei sent hence, and Wiit lodia ai d otbet goods purchased for the provinces tor the Coming year, the expoit I these arti-les will be much facilitated from the fact thai ihr can go in Ameriran ves-et", and aUo fiom the genetal influences thai aiiend a newly-opened trad. One of Ihe mol mirvelluf features of the leceni teport of the Secretary i the attack it contains 0on Ihe warehousing'iiya'em, and for Ihe frivolous ieasn (hit the in crease of buines under it has not been as laige as he thinks It ought to have been. Tbe difficulties which the meichants have had to contend with, through thi regilations co npellins ibem to stoie, if they store at all, tn warehooc where Ihey caonot get insured, have compelled them to Intgt the advantages of the system lo a gtrat extent, and the loss of lot age ibus sustained by Ihe department Mr. Meredith urees as a reason for abandoning the system. The merchant are fits! worried out of the warehouses, and then the Secrelai y complains that he get no stoiage, and therefore the system will not pay. The fact that any bainess has been done ai all, under the abomhuble mismanagement of tbe list six months, show how necessary the plan is to Ihe merchants. The expotls of breaJ-ouffs from the United States for Ihe fiscal year 1849 show, as comp red with former yeais, a very considerable increase in quantities and values. They have beeu as follows : Exports of breadstuff's from the United Stales. 14-2. 1846 1847. 1843. 1849. Wbent bush., Flour bUs., Indian corn, bush.. 817,933 1,613.70-5 4,399,951 2,034.70 1,527,534 l,Sd3,603 3,349,476 4.3:8,496 2,119,393 2,103,013 000,303 209,199 31.130 83,59 1 1,826,008 16,326,050 5.817,631 13,257,309 23190 943,069 532,333 40S.169 Indian meal, bhl.. Rye uie.il, bbb. 38,530 114,792 48,892 160,930 41,534 1 67,7 JO 64,830 Ship bread, bhia.. 111,372 Ship bread, Sees, 29,77.1 25.50' 31,02 S3 ,121 21 .37 Rye.oala, fcc., $175,182 638,221 1,000.962 376,571 139.793 Total value, $3,974,590 17,625,407 5462,4:17 S27d,60j 22,895,74 The aggrrgate value f ir the year 1343 i larger than thit for the ear 1813, and is 139 per cent, tnoie than for ihe year 1S42 that is to say. Hie foreign maiket for b'earintutf bas increased ,12,900,000 ovei that or 1842, and $3,ZUU,UUU moie than 1846, wi leb wa a vear of lio.l crop. A conid erable poiiiou of this value, viz. $7,965,369,1 for sales of Indian coin, being a uuecl bonus, as it were, H the western farmcis inasmuch a that the fact of a foreign demand bas alone cirated a maiket for that article, while the proceeds of Ihe sales of farm produce abioad have been lelurned in tm porit-d cood. The fact that so much of oor suiplu produc lions bas been taken out of the counii v has enabled tue pioducets to obtain much higher pi ice fot the produce aold at borne. This enhanced value of th ir home sale it is whuh has enabled them to buy a largci qnantity of domestic manuI act u i es. Thus the repoit of the Commis-ioner of Patents for 1843 plsces the wheal crop of 1S47 at 114.245,500 bush el, or this, as above, in a ur acd wnrat, wete expotieo 11.063,519 bushels, or 10 p- r rent , at an expoil value of 115 cents per bushel or $13,037,430. This sum iepreents the value of foreign goods brought into Ihe country in return. Now, if . we suppose that, of ihe whole crop of 1 14,245 500 bushels 41,215,400 bush, are kept for seed and the food of the producers, i there will have been sales of 70,000,000 bush, to those engaged ia other employments commence, professions, manufrlurcs. miners, &c. and exported. The last amount tn Il,0fa3.o3 bushel, sold at 1 15 cents eachleaving 53,000 .000. bushels for home sales, which brought at lean 35 cents per bushels more than it would have done, had tbeie bero none exported abroad ; that is to say, the rales wete at the export value, $70 700.000, instead of about $50,000,000, which is all the r hole 70 000,000 bushels would have tealized, ii Ihey bad been confined to this maiket, even if Ihe whole could have been nJ at all. Hence, tbe producers leccived $14,000,000 moie for their home sales, which was applied to ibe puicbase of domestic maoufjctuies and this has been the liue caue of the prosperity of the latter, under our present tariff. This again reacts upon the puce of the raw material, ot which wool affotds an eminent example. The teceipt ot wool, fiom ibe inletior, on the New Yo:k and Pennsylvania canals, aod at Bosdon, per western railroad, for four yeais, have been as follows t Receipts of tcool from interior. 184. 1847. 1848. I84D. New York canals, lbs., 866,376 12 ,044, OtK) 8,729,407 12 731,402 Pennsylvania, ' 3,403,161 4. 21,987 2,936,133 5,113,076 Western Railroad" 4,854,441 3,S23,600 3,598,596 4,761,600 Total. " 17,123,981 20,149,587 13,0CI,136 12,606.078 Total imports, 33,333,040 6,460,005 11,31,429 17369,022 Total. - 40,957,021 28.609,592 26,645,563 40,476,100 Domestic exportation, 6&S3d6 378,440 781,102 159,923 This vety conaideiable increase in supply has been attend ed by a constant increase in price ; and the year closes, as compared with its commencement, as follows t Fleece. Full-blood. to i. Common. Jan., 1849, 34 a 36 31 a 33 23 a 30 25 a 27 1S50, 42 a 43 33 a 40 36 a 33 33 a 35 Increase, 8 a 12 . 7 a 7 8 a S 8 a 8 An inciease of 50 per cent, in the quantities drliveied at tide-water his been attended with a rie of 25 a 30 per cent. in price, the maiket closing with great activity and advanc ing rates, with very Jigbt. stock. This is suiely not only an indication or prospeiity in ool-gioweis, bul a!o on the pa it of cousumeis of goods and msoufactoies for the later have wrought up a latter quantity than ever befoie i i this country, aod have consequently been compelled to employ more hand at better wage. Thus, not withstanding that the piofiis of capital may have been diminished by higher puces for labor and law material, opeiatives and producer. jobbers talesmen, and avenues of Iraiipoitation, at well as the country at laige, have beeo gainers. Tbe markets abioad piesent similar lesutts, and late sale of wool in Loudon show an advance over foimer pi ice for most produce and raw material, iucluding wool. Il is now pietty certain Itat Ihe borne d-mand for good abroad will be such as to prevent the consignment of the usual quanti ties of goods, and that thoe oidered will come out 10 a 15 percent, higher in price than last yeat. This advance io the price of imported good is equal in rise ia the tariff to the same exlcnt, a far aa "protection to bom maoufactuie goes. Althoujjn it may cimiDiu the quantity ot goous tm potted, it will gi e a high amount of levenue. It i obvious ( "VI'Z ' l,'!!,?: i'': 'b :"hl:!1.) me v.i.c...7 ..uv ... -i-.. .-.v., would be destiuctive iu Ihe extierae. We are now beginnicg to feel, in icsiored confidence, abundance of money, incteased tride, and adequate ic venue, Ihe influence of Ihe nua-uie of the lite administration ; and fortunate it is that tbe "destructives" ate shorn of tbe power for haim. U. S. Senate Committees. The whole cast of the U. S. Senate Committees is prominently sectional. , The South or slave States have not only a majority of the Chairmen of all the committees, and a majority of the members comprising said committees, but its pro-slavery seclionality is more conspicuously exhibited and its power and influence are peculiarly political. The Judiciary committee is composed ofj three slave-holders and two non-slave-holders. The committee on Foreign Relations has three members from the slave-holding States and two from the free Slates the committees on Military affairs and the Militia are three South and two North, and four South and one North. On Naval affairs, the South Lave three, the North two. On Indian affairs, the committee it entirely South the Post Office, is 3 to 2 the committee on the District of Columbia is 3 to 2, nnd the committees on Territories has Mr. Douglass from Illinois, chairman, who is a. pro-slavery man, anJ the owner of a Mississippi plantation, three others are from the slave States, and only one from the free States. ' New York is represented on one committee only, while Arkansas is on six. Ohio has an obscure place in two committees, and one of them unimportant, while South Carolina is on three, Mississippi four, Virginia four, Louisiana four. The South have a majority in fifteen of the committees and the North in twelve. Sixteen of the Chairmen are from tho South, and eleven from tl e North. The Great Humax Tide. The 'extraordinary number of three thousand and one emigrant passenpers arrived at this port yesterday. The number thus far this year has been 7,404 aa average of 073 per day or at the rate of a quarter of a million per annum. A. Y. Tribune, 12th.

Foreiii Items hy the Steamer Canada. Cessio of Canada. On the subject of the annexation of Canada t the United State, the Morning Advertiser, a well-informed English journal has the following : The Cabinet has under its consideration the question of a severance between the mother country and her Cinadian possesion. The conclusion arrived at ii, that England would be no actual loser, wero -the Canadians to cairy their thrrats of separation in

to effect, the result of a careful examinvion of Cann(;an connection in all its aspects, is, that so far from England being a sufferer from the renunciation of their allegiance to the liritis! Crown on the part CI ino naaians, s.ie wou.u oe an acuui gainer n - , , , , ' , , connection have more than counterbalanced its a ri . . .1 . c . vantages, me maintenance m mat pari ot our culonial tH)sses8ions suhiects us to a yearly expenditure - mnttt -Swx ,y -n - . . Vi!l.mr..n- - j,, te. us lUt t,,e. osd-M confer on us benefits at all equivalent to tins ! It may Le indeed debated, wlic-tht-r our exports to the Canadis would not be as great i ,ev have been, at anv former period. At anv rate. we speak advisedly when we say, that this country will be no loser by the secession of the Canadas. That is certain by the conclusion at which the Ministry have arrived, after the most able and careful deliberation. On that conclusion they have resolved to act. When the session opens, we eh;.ll see tho facts brought fully before ihe public, with the grouiv a on which the Cabinet has come to the resolution at which it has arrived." Rebellion in Servia. The fallowing more particular account of this event, than that given iu our telegraphic despatches, will be read with interest. In the humiliating peace obtained with her provinces, through the interpositio n of Russia, Austria is far fiom easy. Accounts from Vienna and Berlin of the 22d ult. state that a rebellion of a most formidable scale had broken out in Scrvi. cfclaronia, and the military boundaries are up in arms against the Austn-.n gov ernment. Tue Sclavonian and Servian boundary re giments have revol cd, and rai?ed ihe cordon of the urkisli frontier, so that their rear is farther secured from the brethren in Turkey; they are assured before hand of all support a circiifntaiice which will com plicate the relations already sufficiently difficult be tween Austria and the Porte. The boundary regiments which have revolted aro among Ihe bravest and hardiet soldiers in the Austrian service. The ground- of their rising is resistance t the decree of Nov. 18, organizing the Vui tcodeschajt. Ihe chief movement is in the Syrian, Peterwardien and SepaikUt military districts, which are exasperated at being excluded from the Uotvodeschaft. The military force alon of the rebels is estimated at 126,000 en with 110 cannon, and if they are joined by the Croats, which appears highly probable. they will have JOO,U(IO men with 300 cannon. The. number of the insurgents is daily swelled by desertions from the Austrian ref-itnenta in Pelerwardien, Ecg, &c. It i-s sid that llusia lias ben intriguing to get up this insurrection, in order to have both Austri l and Turkey entirely dependent upon her, in proof of which the latest accounts from Servia mention that the Russian agitation is daily growing more open and during, and that Ihe incredible activity of the agents of that power, lend to the conclusion that a sanguinary entang!ernt-nt will ipeedily break out between Russia and Turkey. Tiie Prince of Servia has already refused to pay the tribute due to the Porte of 34, 00 ducats, nnd the arming of all male adults is Ix'ing carried o.i with the greatest possible activity, without anyone knowing where the arms come from. , French Tariff on Beeids tuffs. It is mentioned as an ab.olute fact, that iu France articles of food imported from foreign countries, cost 30 per cent, more ihm the came articles coet in England. And Louis NapolHjii is said to have commanded an immediate investigation into the rj'ieMion of the custom tariff to ascertain w hether it would not be proper to reduce the enormous duties on nil articles of food from abroad, so as to promote the welfare of the poor, and aleo to encourage the manufactures by a reducj lion fcf t jje jutjM on"raw materials The Austrian Government is about raising a f"reign loan of 30,000,000 florins, in the Lombard Venetian kingdom. The financial deficit of Austria is said to be 40,000 francs per diem. The commercial news from India is cheering. At Calcutta, the markets have been moderate, and at Bombay trade was brisk and money plentiful. The Sliangnai trade very brisk, about 30,000 packages of green tea had been taken on American accoant. Freight at Canton for America, $13. .We have accounts from Constantinople of the2Slh ult.; they confirm our last letters. The refugee question had been settled, ami the ratifications to the agreement on thi subject are alone waiting to make the settlement definitive. The Toles who have embraced the Mahomedan faith are t be withdrawn from the province of Rumclia, and the refugees generally are to be kept for twelve months in some distant province of Tuikey. . The German Pke?s. The European correspondent of the New York Commercial Advertiser says: A catalogue of the German newspapers in Europe has just been published at Ieip.ic. As it throws a good deal of light on the political and commercial condition of the country, I give you a summary. The whole number is 1553, which are distributed as follows : Prussia, 632; Austria, 74; Russia, 14; Saxony, 183; Hanover, 32; Wurtemburg, 67; Anhalt, 10; Baden, 55; Brunswick, 9; Bremen, IS; Frankfort-on-the-Maine, 17; France, 6; Great Britain. 1; Hamburg. 24; Ile..e-D-rmstadt, 31; Hesse-Hom-burg,4; Hefse-Cassel, 22 ; Meek len bore, 22; Duchies of Saxony, 44; Switzerland, 77. The others are scattered through the principalities of North Germany. Who can over-rate the power of this press on the forty millions who speak the German language ! Its influence on society is the most powerful, wielded by modern civilization. And this press is increasing daily in number and in power. It already copes with the rotten old monarchies of Europe, and makes them tremble; it will soon be stronger than they. Who can doubt it 1 Mork Hungarians Coming. It appears that thirty-seven of these gallant men principally officers of rank, took pessage in the Mount Stews.rt on the fourteenth of December for this country, and may therefore be expected here shortly. In addition lo the 6ub gCrjption collected by the Committee, of which Mayor Woodhull is Chairman, and to which a wealthy indi- , to- j dinn txj viuuaioi iiiw ii siu LUiiuiuuicu jivv uu .umsday, the officers of the first division New York State Militia under the direction of M-jor General and Lieutenant Col. Sand ford, and a committee of twenty other officers are busily engaged in getting op a Grand Ball fir the benefit of the gallant exiles. It ii pro. posed to obtain N'iblo'a Theatre, (if the consent of the proprietor can be had, and we have no doubt it can.) and floor over the whole parquette aud stage, thus making a floor on which 1500 people could dance at once with ease. Tbe best orchestra in the city would be engaged, and at five dollars a ticket (here is no doubt but that a most glorious fund would be the result. With a few such balls and entertainment, we think the wants of the exiles can soon be provided for. iYetfl York Express. More Gold in Indiana. The last number of tbe Indiana Courier, published at New Castle, Henry county, says: "We are very credibly informed that a gentleman in the south part of this county, who worked for a number of years in the Carolina gold mines, and whose character forbids the Idea of any trick or cheat, has found gold in a ctrtain locality somewhere between this place and Knightstown. Some of the particles collected by him have been tested and found to be pure gold; and he is of the opinion lhat the working uf the mine will pay well, and posssibly lead to more important and valuable discoveries. We give this statement not merely as an idle rumor, but as a fact received from reliable authority. Royal Argument. Frederick the Great was very fond of a disputation;- but as he generally terminated the discussion by collaring his antagonist and kicking his shins, few of Lis guests were disposed to enter into tho arena against him. One day when he was even more than usually disposed for an argument, he asked one of his suit why he did not venture to express his opinion on some particular question. " It is impossible, your Majesty," was the reply, to express an opinion before a sovereign wbo has such very strong convictions and who uears such thick bovis.