Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 12, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 August 1849 — Page 2

3ntitma State Sentinel. E7CB5AL VI0ILA9CK II THK SICI OF MIMTT. TERMS INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE t Weekly paper, $2 a year Semi-Weekly. $4 a year.

INDIANAPOLIS, AUGUST 30. 1819. See advertisement of the Madison House, Cincinnati. C-We have the Catalogue of the Indiana Medical College at Laporte.by which it appears that the institution is in a flourishing condition. The number or students for the session of 1949-9, was 101 ; graduates 21. 0"The official vote for Governor of Indiana, from all but nine counties, has arrived at Indianapolis and Mr. Wright, is 13590 ahead. Try and get Lira up to the even 10 M.t Mr. Sentinel. Yabash Exprns. Just to accommodate you and various other whig friends, we did try to "suffer it up" as high as possible, but could only make it 9,778J O-Speaking of Truman Smith" f romises of more offices ta our whigs, in a certain -contingency, the Auguata, Me., Age say a "At this attempt on the part of the administration to buy op Indiana baa failed, we suppose that the whigs of that State may rely upon Gen. Taylor's declaration that he has "no Xcienda to reward." We have no doubt of ill By the way, we must protest -agaia.it the legislature direct iog questions to be put to the voter in any other way than by ballot. It Je, in our humble opinion, a violation of the vital principles of our institutions. Blufflon Bugle. We agree with the Bugle. Many reasons could be urged againet the practice. One is, that it gives a chance for Inspectors to electioneer, if they choose to exercise it. They should be allowed no such opportunity, and should be subjected to no such temptation. O-The Grand Jury of Clark county at their recent session, found a bill of indictment against John T. Gray of Louisville, Ky., for the murder of Henry C. Pope of the same city, in a duel fought on the Indiana side, in June last. Gov. Dunning bas been certified of the fact, and has already made a requisition upon the Governor of Kentucky for the delivery of Mr. Gray to the authorities of this State for trial. We hope justice may be meted out to him, according to his crime, and that this case may prove a warning in future to all others who may come to Indiana to settle their private difficulties in such a barbarous manner. The Abduction of Ret tbom N. Orleans. The great abduction case bas been brought to a close and the decision rendered by the court, which is that the Spanish consul give bond in the sum of five thousand dollars, to Btand trial before the United States circuit court in December next. He entered a solemn protest against tbe whole proceedings. Four others charged with being concerned in the . abduction of Hey, were also bound over in the sum a", f tuiontv.firA Vi 1 1 n1 mA Arn ras o V a trial sat tl a t same time, and before the same tribunal. Their names are MtConnell, Lorente, Marrie, and Engle. The Washington Republic, after having fully weighed the evidence given before the examining court at New Orleans, expresses the opinion that the Spanish consul and the other parties charged, are guilty of the most atrocious and infamous outrage upon the rights of a friendly nation ever perpetrated by tny foreign power. Our government should be, and no doubt will be, prompt to resent the insult, and compel a speedy atonement for the outrage from tbe Spanish government. Cholera rx Fort Watne, Ind. The Sentinel of the 15th inst. says: "The cholera bas been raging with considerable severity in this city fur the past week, but we are happy to be enabled to state that it appears to be subsiding, there having been few new cases yesterday or to-day. On Sunday night last the disease assumed an epidemic form, three or four cases having occurred on what is termed "The Hill" an elevated ridge in the south east part of the city. Several additional cases occurred on Monday and Tuesday night, most if not all of which proved fatal. Up to Wednesday there bad been about 20 deaths, all within the space of two or three blocks. The disease, so far, has been confined almost entirely to the region where it first originated, and that is tbe highest, most airy, and what is usually supposed most healthy part of the city' The whole number of deaths up to the 25th was 27. Tbe Catholic clergy have converted one of their schools into a hospital, where the sick of all denominations are carefully attended to. Cam pa. The disturbances between the British and French population in Canada still continue. What the end is to be no one can tell. The Montreal Gazette says "We rest at present upon a mine, of which a mad Ministry bold command. A single spark may blow them, and every body else, into the air, and finally into the United States." The people and the authorities have come into collision, and blood lias been shed. On the 15th a mob visited the Prime Minister's house, hooting and throwing stones. They were fired upon by the military from within. Several of the mob were wounded, and one man named Mason mortally. Another branch of the mob assembled in the Place d'Armes, but dispersed on the approach of-the police. Between ten and eleven o'clock, a corps of cavalry was marched to Monkland to protect Lord Elgin, and another wss placed near Lafontaine' bouse. At about 11 o'clock barricades were commenced in Notre Came street. Other barricades were erected during the night, and musket shots Here heard in various parts of tbe city, until a late bour. At an early hour next morning, the Government placed a large military force at the Government house, and aUo at tie jail, in anticipation of further troubles. "The unfortunate accident, says the Gazette, "which we dreaded, bas happened, and deeply do we deplore it as the commencement of that undying bad feeling of which the cud is not yet. Tbe first blood has been shed, and by the French." Joseph G. Marshall, of Iadison, Ind., bas been appointed Governor of Oregon, in the place of Gen. Lane, removed. The la. Journal doubts whether be will accept the appointment "there is nothing about it worthy his attention. His abilities as a lawyer enable him to make more money than the salary, and the honor cf the station, we apprehend, is of little consequence." In this appointment, it will be perceived that, according to Truman Smith's letter, Indiaua is already receiving "a proper and just consideration at the hands of den. Taylor." And, according to the old adage, "its a long Lane that bas no turn"-out very! This Lane is rather short. Richmond Palladium. (rll ia not improbable that this Lane will some time bring up the wbigs with a "round turn." So far as Marshall is concerned, by tbe way, the Senate, which bas to paas upon his appointment, may not ex telly ratify the bargains of Truman Smith. He may find that this Lane has been a bad "turn out," all round. Wc- shall "look to the Senate." Richter says:-"No man can either lire piously or die righteously, without a wif." A very wicked old bachelor of our acquaintance says to this. VO.yea! suffering and severs trials purify and chasten the heart."

The Falls ofllie Ohio. Our readers are perhaps not generally aware, that the last legislature chartered a com pa l to make a canal around the falls of the Ohio on tbe Indiana side of that river. The charter is of the most liberal character, and the company has already been organized by the election of their officers. James C. Hall,' Esq., of Cincinnati, one of the most influential and wealthy merchants of that place, is President. A preliminary survey has been made by Mr. Ball, engineer, and the plans snd estimates laid before the Directors. The canal is taken directly down the Ohio river on the Indiana side, with two locks, each 320 feet long, ly sixty-four feet wide, giving four feet water at the loictsl stages f the river, with an average width to the canal of from 100 to 150 feet, and terminating below all obstructions. The whole estimate of the coat is $.691 000. The Directors at a meeting in Jeflersonville last June, with a view to a greater enlargement of the work, ordered a further survey, which will be completed the ensuing month, when books for the subscription of the stock will be opened. We do not hesitate in 6aying that the work when completed will be one of the most important and profitable in the West, yielding a greater dividend to the stockholders probably than any other work of internal improvement in the United States, while at the same time it will be of the utmost advantage and benefit to the whole commerce of the West. The half-made and miserable concern called the "Louisville and Portland Canal," has long enjoyed the monopoly of taxation to the commerce of the Ohio river. Nominally costing one million of dollars, though ia fact but about $350,C00, the stock is now $195 for $100 paid in, and at this rate is actually turned over to tbe U. States, by the private stockholders, with a view to have the Government become the sole owner, and to make the canal a free one. What will be the operation of this measure, If ever effected, will be seen from the article signed "Indiana," and which we copy from the Cincinnati Chronicle. That there must be a great city at the Falls cf the Ohio some day, the seat of manufactures, commerce, wealth and an industrious population, cannot be doubted. - That Louisville is not destined to be that city, we think every day's experience sufficiently shows. But, with a canal of sufficient depth and width to pass all the boats destined above or below the falls r ilk a water power unequalled in the UniMed S ates w ith a railroad now in progress of operation from Jeffersonville to Columbus, and intersecting with the Madison and Indianapolis railroad with another from New Albany to Salem, to be extended to Bloomington, and on part of which the rails are now ready to be laid with a short one also from Jeffersonville to New Albany does not every unprejudiced mind see and feel, that here, in our own State, on the north side of the Ohio, a city is to arise, which in twenty years at farthest, will double in population and wealth that on the south side of tbe river which in ten years will equal Louisville in its present population. Time will determine whether we are "prophets or the sons of prophets." Verily, there is an enterprise and energy in our free population which is destined to make Indiana one of the great States of the confederacy. Public building:, at Indianapolis. There is one tiatter to which I desire to call the attention of the members of the Legislature, that is the erection of a public building, on the block north of the State house. Among all the public buildings erected by the State at the seat of Government, so creditable and useful in their place, a good, safe, and convenient building for the public offices of the State, seems to have been entirely overlooked. As the matter now stands, the Governor's office is at one place, the Secretary's at another, the Treasurer's at another, the Auditor's at another, the Judges of tbe Supreme Court at another, separated from the Library, the clerk's office of the Supreme Court, in a different part of the city from where the court sits, the Adjutant General's at another, the Quarter master general's at another, the public records, books, papers and archives exposed to every casualty of fire and destruction, while persons from other parts of the State, at the capitol, on business, require a guide to enable theL; to find the various offices. A good ornamental fire proof building large enough to accommodate all the public officers, and satisfy the public demands, could be erected for a little more than what the State property occupied by the treasury would bring, and all the above enumerated offices, with a Supreme court room, could be conveniently arranged under a single roof. I sub

mit that such a building is indispensable to the administration of the public business at the capitol. Removal of Governor Lnne. The Philadelphia Bulletin, a whig paper, thus speaks of the removal of Gov. Jo. Lane : "We cannot but wish that the reasons for this act were made public. The services of Lane during the late war, were apparently such as to merit reward, and hence it seems to us he ought to have been retained in office, if capable. It is whispered that Taylor never had a high estimate of Lane's military abilities, and that the President has even a less opinion of his civil talents ; if this is so, it ought to be stated, for the moderate men of all parties will otherwise dis approve of the removal. It is a subject of regret, to fair and liberal minds, to see partizansbip banish "good men and true" from office." No man served his country in the Mexican war with more ardor and efficiency than did Gov. Lane. His skill and success in his various conflicts with the enemy were so remarkable that he received the title of "The Marion of the Mexican War." By his skill energy and bravery, lie reaped victories with the mot triflibg loss of men on the part cf thoee he commanded. He took a prominent part in the battle of Buena Vista, and an acknowledgment of his valuable services, on that occasion, is made by Gen. Taylor in his despatches. He is a man of more general information than Gen. Taylor, of equal bravery, possesses a belter military mind, and has a larger experience of civil affairs. He is better qualified for tbe Presidency than Genera Taylor. It cannot be said of him that he is net qualified for the post from which he has been removed by Gen. Taylor. The country will not rest satisfied with this act of the Executive, without knowing the reason that induced it. - If it was to punish Gov. Lane for his manly vindication of the troops of his own State from the aspersions cast on theui by Gen. Taylor, let it be known. If he bas been removed because he was a Democrat, let it be known. If he has been removed because he has ahowu himself, by anything be lias done in Oregon, to be incompetent to be the Governor of that territory, let it be known. Publish the cause, for as the matter now stands, the public mind is not easy under this removal. To send a man to such a far off place in the service of the country, and then recall him as soon as he had arrived there, don't look right. It indicates revengeful feeling on the part of the Executive, or incompetency, or dishonesty, or both, on tbe part of the person removed.' Such things, cannot, however, be imputed to the gallant and energetic Lane; while some of the friends of the President attribute his action to motives, that no man of high and honorable views would consider a compliment by any means. Let the public hae the reasons for the removal. Cin. Enquirer. Consistency. During the administration of Geo. Jackson, when Win. C. Hives returned home from his mission to France, the whig party were clamorous sgainst him, and strenuously urged that he had mismanaged affairs in his negotiations with that nation. II was condemned by them for having stultified himself and bis government by openly boasting that he had overreached the French in his arrangement fur securing indemnity for spoliations on our commerce. But 110 aooner da they attain power than tho very parly that accused Lim of all sorts, of indiscretions in France in 1930 '31, select him as the roost suitable man in the country for minister to the New Republic RfA. Enq. - . . .

FORi:iG. NEW. By the Steamer Canada, we have a week's later newe from Europe. The telegraph furnishes the following items. England. The English papers are fiüed with accounts of tho enthusiastic reception ol the Q'iesn ii Ireland. The cholera is on the increase in Loudon. France. The Minister of Finance, in a statement to the Assembly, says the deficit on the 1st of next January will be 160,000,000, francs. It is estimated that the deficit at the end of 1850 will be 12',000,000 francs. The President of France denim he has any desire to change the form of Government. Gen. Rost a Ion haa been appointed Commander-in-chief of tho French Army in Italy, in place of Gen. Oudinot. Italy. Commissaries of the Pope had arrived at

Rome. They dissolved the whole army, even those who had been faithful to His Holiness. It is reported that Garibaldi had beaten an Austrian force that attacked him. He had been joined by many Hungarians. Venice stil! holds out. It is said that three Armenian or American vessels had arrived, with provisions for the beseiged Hungarians. Hungary. The new from Hungary still continues favorable to the Hungarians. It is reported that Dem, with 40,000 meu, had completely beaten a Rus sian force of 60,000 men in Trunsylvania, and that he had taken Herrmannstadt and Lrmstadt. It is al so reported that Clapka (a Hungarian General) at tacked and captured Raab; and after seizing a large quantity of provisions and munitions of war, fell back to Comoro. Hungary. Kossuth is in Bern's camp. His enerergy does not slacken, or his invention of resources grow weak, lie has ordered the crusade against the invaders to be preached in all the churches of Hunga ry. 1 he population is worked to the highest point of enthusiasm. A bloody aword is sent from town to town as a signal to arm the people. It is passed from runner to runner, like the famous torch of Rboderic Dhu. Kossuth has addressed a note to France, calling for aid. He explains the change of policy forced on Hungary by the Russian intervention. According to him, the movement was not at first Tora change in favor of the republican form, but was simply an opposition to the usurpations of the King of Hungary, an independent power, who, being also Emperor of Austria, wished to absorb Hungary in the Empire. The movement wan purely constitutional until the Emperor forced it into republicanism by calling in the Russian troops. He adds that Hungary will pre fer, 11 forced to submit, falling into the hands of Russin, to coming again under the sway of the faithless and perjured house of Hapsburgh. The late Proclamation. The organ of the cabinet, and its echo, tho National Intelligencer, introduce the proclamation signed Zachary Taylor by informing the public that it "was received yesterday at the Department of State in a com munication from tbe President at llarnsburg." And we notice that this remark is re-echoed by all the Taylor papers into which the document has been copied. It is a ridiculous and transparent ruse, to impress their readers with the belief that General Taylor, on his journey, received the information, framed the proclamation, and sent it to the Department or Stale from Hamsburg. It is one ot those Utile tncka which are prompted by their anxiety to conceal the humilating fact from the American people, now very generally believed, that General Taylor is not equal to the duties or the high omce w hich he tills; and the very trick betrays the mortifying truth that he is not. rossiuiy me proclamation may nave oeen received in fiimmnninntifin from thp l'rraiiipnt at lltrrik bur?." But that he composed or wrote one word of itexcept his own name, nobody at all acquainted with the humbuggery practiced here by the unscrupulous men by whom General Taylor i surrounded. will for one moment believe, bo confident are we that General Taylor had nothing to do with the composition or writing of tbe proclamation, that we are ready and willing to wager a suit of broadcloth upon the truth of our statement. We believe the procla mation was prepared in this city, and signed, before the General left. It is more in conformity with the crooked and sinuous manner in which things are now done in the cabinet. But if it was not prepared and signed before the General left, it was prepared and sent to him for his signature, and therefore it could be safely asserted that it was received in a communication from him at Harrisburg. But the prominence given to this fact only proves that tbe organs themselves are conscious of the humilating truth, that their President is not capable of performing the simplest duties of his office; and hence the affectation that the proclamation came all the way from Harrisburg. Alas! poor whiggery. We are inclined to think that this story of a meditated descent upon Cuba, which has been made the occasion of the great flourish of trumpets by the present imbecile cabinet, will turn out to be a mare's nest. We have seen no statement of facts from an authentic quarter, which justifies the belief that a descends meditated by our citizens upon the Island of Cuba ; nor do we believe that such an enterprise is seriously contemplated. On the contrary, we regard the im plications of the proclamation as libels upon our cmzens. We nave heard or no enlisting or arming men; and our cotemporaries of the press in the cities aro unable to point to anything of the kind. Nay, most of them treat the whole matter with ridicule.. We are inclined to think the whole, proclamation and all, will turn out a ridiculous farce, which will disgrace nobody but the cabinet, which has already incurred the contempt of the country, without this additional act of folly. Union. Cor.. Eenton and his Appeal. The Whig papers of Missouri, pretty generally, have been neutral in the Benton and Jackson controversy now waging in that State, and have expressed a disposition to re main hands off ib the contest. The St. Louis ISew Era, an excellent Whig paper, dissents from Ihe general opinion, and gives, in our view of the matter, good and sufficient reasons for its dissent. We give two or three extracts from the JNew lira's article: "The issue presented by Col. Benton in this con troversy is, first, opposition to the extension of any more slave territory; secondly, opposition to Lalboun and his Southern allies, the practical effect of whose principles would inevitably lead to a dissolution of the Union; and thirdly, opposition to the principles avowed in the resolutions of instruction passed by a mere majority of our last Legislature. From those instructions Col. Benton has appealed to the whole people of the State of Missouri, whose as sent or dissent he asks, that he may conduct himself accordingly as one of the Senators in Congress from this State. If, then, there was no question of prin ciple whatever involved in this controversy, the very fact that one of our Senators has asked of his constituents, without distinction of party, their views as to certaiu creat measures, to come up for action at the next session, would, 01 itself, require at the hands 01 the Whig press a free and candid expression of opinion. If this expression is not given, and Col. Benton should act and vote in opposition to the views entertained by our political friends, with what propriety could any of us raise our voices against him 1 Viewing the subject in this light we havo never hesitated in complying with the request of one of our Senators by expressing ourselves, first, as decidedly opposed to tho extension of slavery another inch under any circumstances whatever; secondly, as being equally hostile against the sectional and disorganizing Dolicv of Mr. Calhoun and all who approximate his views: snd lastly, as asrainst the spirit and tone of the resolutions of the last Missouri Legislature, which we regard aa derogatory to the character of the State, and at war with the peace and permanency of our institutions. But becaue we perchance to coin cido with Colonel Benton in opiuion as regards all these three propositions, it by no means follows that we thereby become a partisan of his, and are under any obligation to support him in any other measure, nof.tical or local, that he may advocate or favor. There is but two sides to each proposition, a right and a wrong. No half house cau be or has been constructed. And we do not believe, upon reflection, that a Whig pap -r in Missouri can bv found that will refuse to say to Col. Bi-nton whether be is right or wrong in the course ho is pursuing. We believe him to be right, and so believing, bid him God speed in his mission through the State. A ouaker ha? ins sold a fine looking, but blind horse, asked the purchaser ''Well, friend, does thee see any fault in him!" "No," was the answer. "Neither Will he see any in thee!" said old broadbrim.

From ihe Cincinnati Chronicle. "Indiana. Canal." Mfssrs. Editors. I noticed some weeks since, an editorial article in the "Louisville Journal," in reference to the contemplated canal around the falls of the Ohio on the Indiana side of the river, which it appears to me requires soma comment. Iiis nol at all astonishing that tho citizen of Louisville, should thiow every obstruction they can in the way i f any further improvement of the navigation of the Ohio river around tha lulls enjoyine a they have, for ao lone

a period, the monopoly ol taxation to the commerce of the whole Uhio river, by means or tha rickety concern called I he "Lou'uvillo and Portland Canal.' 11 ' not to be wondered at, that they are c aenaiiive in reference to - a a work, which when completed must inevitaDiy curiau, if it doea not entirely destroy the enormous profits which the stockholders in the work above referred to, hive been teething from the commerre of the Ohio river. It would be a curioni but not uninteresting enquiry how muco Ol the vast sum realized by the atockholdera of the ''Louisville and Portland Canal" amounting as per statement of the Directors on the 1st of January, 1843, commencing 1st of January 1831, a period of seventeen years, that the canal has been in operation, to $1,953,070 0;$, and deducting all expenses, leaving a clear dividend to tha atockholdera on a work which cost buf$t ,000,000, of $1,500,000. I say it would be a curious, .but not uninteresting fact to ascertain how much of this Urge sum which has gone into the pockets of the stock holders, has been drawn by a direct tax upon the commerce of Cincinnati but I have not the data, therefore cannot make the calculation but I should not be far from tha fact, wer I to say $500,000 a sum equal to almost two-thirds of the whole cost of the contemplated improvement, on the Indiana aide. But it was not my intention to do more in the present article, than to prove by unquestionable facts, and statistics, that even were the United States to liquidate all the stock now outstanding in the "Louisville and Portland Canal," at the prirra which they have been paying tha stockholders, viz: $195 per $100 paid in, and were to repair the same so ss to make it navigable for the ordinary class ol boats that navigate the Ohio, it would cost the government several hundred tboesand dollars more than they could make an entirely new canal for, on the Indiana side that the United States will either purchase and repair the one, or make tha other, no sensible man belieris. If either is done it must be by private interests. The estimated coat of a canal around the falls of the Ohio, as made out by Air. Ball, an able, experienced and practical engineer, from actual survey, giving four feet water in the extreme low stages of the Ohio a width of from 100 to 150 feet to the canal, with two locks, each 320 fe.et by C4 feel, (the Louisville and Portland canal locks, are 198 feet by 50, and 64 feel is the width of the canal, with a depth of less than two feet in lowest water,) ia $681,000. Now the report of tbe directors of the Louisville and Portland Caml for January 1st, 1843, shows the following shares as outstanding private stock on the 1st January last, to wit: 2,824 shares tbeae at the aame rato which Ihe United States have already paid for what they have purchased $105 per share would be equal to $550,080 add the cost of repairs to the old canal aa estimated by the United Statea Engineer, Capt. Cram, (who made the survey under a resolution of Congress in 1844 See Senate Documenta 243 28th Congress, 1st Session,) $355,298, and we have a sum total of $905,973, as the cost of the purchase of private stock, and repairs of the canal on the Kentucky side; deduct the cost of the new canal on the Indiana side a far better work in every point of view, than ran be made by any repair of the Kentucky one, $03 1 ,000, and we have a difference in the cost of the new canal, and in ita favor of $224,078, as contrasted with the cost of the LnHisville and Portland Canal, to the United "State, should they purchase the individual outstanding shares in that concern, and make the improvementa suggested by their own Engineer, in order to make it navigable for the ordinary clasa of boats ascending or descending the Ohio. Will any one believe for a moment this will be undertaken by the Government ? As the Reports of the directors of the Louisville snd Portland canal are seldom seen by the public being I believe, distributed among the stockholders, I have thought the one for January 1843, might be interesting. I Lave not that for Jan. 1849, but it is equally rich and interesting. The whole number r.f shares in the Louisville and Portland canal is 10,000 at $100 per ahare equal to $1,000,000, which is stated in Capt. Crain'a report to be the total cost of the canal. But it appears by the same document that the stockholders really paid in but $347,173, ihe balance, viz: $152,827, being canied to the stock account under the head of "allowances to stockholders, Sus." But on this cost of $1 ,000,000, let us see how, according to their own statement, the account stands with the stockholders, as furnished by the Directors. Louisville 4 Portland Canal Co. ia Gen'l Account. DR. Bal Cash, Jan. 1. '43, .... $102,338.94 Kec' lor tolls in '48, .... 158,0b7.96 $200,406.91 CR. By 526 sharea of the stock purchased and paid fr, ------ " Expenses on Canal, .... " Tax to the State of Kentucky, " Incidental expenses, .... " Dal. cash in Treasury Jan. 1st '49, $102,570.00 23519.34 1,500.00 733.00 $126,684 57 $260,406.91 Thus after paying "expenses on the Csnal" the large sum 01 $;3,ii lax 10 tne Biate, and an other expert aes, dividing upwards of twelve per cent, to the stockhol den surely the parties thus interested, and the press which they sustain, might well look with jealousy upon any rival in another quarter. But admittinr that the U. S. were the owners of the whole stock in the "Louisville and Portland Canal," the Canal for the purpose of navi gation owing to tne small size ci tha locks, one hundred and ninety-eight feet by fifty, is ineapable of affording a safe passage, in any stage of water to the larger class of steamboats. But comparatively lew boats out of the vast number which navigate the Uhio, can paaa or repass it. As the commerce of the country increases, the size of our steamers will increase in ordr to adapt themselves to existing wants ol the community, instead ot passenger boats, they will be built in most instances especially for freight. The Hail Road improvements throughout the West will decrease annually the number of passengers on our Western waters. Boats will be hereafter buil t mainly with a view to freight. Large boats with great tonnage; and how this has increased may be seen bv reference 10 the number of boats, and tbe amount of tonnage passing through the Louisville and Portland Canal in 1843 as compared with 1840. 1S4Ü rssi steam boats. ions, 4,41 1843 1523 .... 341,501 Increase 292 boats, Tons 116,660. The present touisville and Portland Canal, will then, in a few years, unless greatly enlarged, be utterly incompetent to pass the increased 'boats and tonage above and below the falls, ihe only remedy is to increase its ca pacity. But in tbe meantime, what becomes of the im mense commerce and trade passing over the fulls during the delay f Is the whole trade of the Uhio River, above Louisville, and destined for ports below it to be blocked up heremitically sealed during this period? at least three years. In order to show the effect of the improvement of the Canal on the Kentucky side during the progress of its improvement, I quote from Capt. Cram's report above referred to, puce 31. "Under the most favorable circum stances of water it would take about two years to make all the required improvementa in the existinc Canal (the Louisville and Portland) to the amount ol sou.s, and in the contingency which ought lobe counted, of unusual or extreme high atage of water, the time would be at least three years. During all this lime, it would certainly be very difficult, although it might not oe impoesioie, to economically execute the improvement, without atopping the navigation of the Canal, and thus the contingency might occur )f being undei the necessity of interrupting the present train of business on the river. The number of passages of boats ct all claraea through the existing . a. aa a. i . .a as . Lanal, has been at the rate 01 höu per year. 10 interrupt, for a period of two years, the regular trade carried on bv ao many boats would very seriously damage the whole system ol commercial business, in so far as it rela ted to tbe navigation not only or the Uhio, but through out the whole Mississippi valley. Thia evil would be wholly i'bviated by constructing a new Canal on the In diana side. Such was the opinion of a distinguished officer of the Engineer corps; sent out by the Government ot ihe U. S. expressly to make a survey of the falls of the Ohio, with a view to the improvement as late as ion, ana sucn would be the opinion of every unprejudiced mind. The Indiana Canal Company for constructing a Canal around tho Falls of the Ohio on the Indiana side, has been orianized. under a charter of the moat liberal char acter. A meeting of the Directors took place at Jeffersonville on the second Monday of June laat. Tha Director from Cincinnati are Judge Burnet, Mr. Lawrence and Mr. James C. Hall. The latter gentlemen was elect cd President of the company. A preliminary aurvcy waa made last summer at low atage of water, by gentleman every way qualified in theory and long practice as sn eniineer for such a work. The estimates for the woik complete with Locks of 320 feet long by 64 feet widrf, with four feet water at extreme low stages, and an average width of Canal of from 100 to 150 feet calcu lated. The plans and profiles, with the Engineers explanations, were befora the Board. The whole cost, $681 ,000. The Board approved of the plan and estimates, but in consideration of the vast and increasing commerce of the Ohio, deemed another and Toiler survey neceasary , with a view of enlarging the aiza or the Locks I bis survey wso ordered to be made the ensuing lummi by Mr. Ball and a competent assistant Engineer, to be sc lected by the President of the Board. The survey to be made a aoon aa the stage of the water at the Falls will permit, this summer. Tho increase of the size of the 1 Lx.a.s in ia 11 11 ii niiu uiviuiu win ui umin nuu iu II - 1 . 1 L- - F 1. .ill. m.. I .... a I I expense", but $40,000 will eovar the cost of enlarging them to f (Hj by 7i Uet, should it uuaiiy be ustermiued by the

Board to adopt the extreme dimension. A Canal at the Prl'.s of the Ohio on ihe Indiana tide, amply supplying the wants of ihe great Wide of that river, may be completed under favorable circumstanct s, in two years from ita commencement, and afford t all times a safe transit for all classes of boats needing such improvement, ta enable them to pass this great barrier to the trade of the Miesiksippi valley. In the construction of this work Cincinnati ic most deeply interested. The shippers cf produce from that port S-ulh, nay, the whole steamboat iutcrrst, have suffered great drlays and enormous expenses for years, by the utter incapacity of the Louisville and Portland Canal to answer the puqvose for which it waa originally intended as at present managed it is m perJett nuisance, and I venture to say from Pittsburgh to the Palls, there is not a single steamboat owner, who would nt be willing 10 pay the Iouisvilla Stockholders the extravagant tolls charged, most cheerfully, could they be permitted to ascend and descend ihe Palls of the Ohio, by any means,

rather than pass through Iheir Canal. Mn this cannot be done; and uutil the new Canal on the Indiana tide ia completed, the nuisance cannot be abated. 1 pass over the slur at the capacity and estimates of the Engineer who made the survey where he is known, he cannot bo injured by such means. 1 pass by the charge of fraud made against the steamboat owners of Cinciii.iaii, in the huh specification or the article alluded to, where it is alleged, "that by means of incorrect custom house papers" the Cincinnati freight has been taken through the Canal at a less average rale of toll than that carried on Louisville and oilier boats; I paaa by tho com mendation of the "Journal on that sjnrit nf patriot sm and liberality on the part of the Louiaviile Stockholders, who, alter inducing ihe government to subscribe for twen ty-three hundred and thirty-five than-s at par, on which it paid $243,500 at the time, when but for thia advanre by the government the work must have been abandoned, and when individual clock could be bought in any amount at fifty cents on the dollar, and which individual Stock, these aame interested, patriotic and liberal gentle men, are now turning over lo Ihe government at $l.o Tor every $100 paid, and applying the government dividends lo the liquidation ol by merely saying "if this is getting rid of an investment at a consideiable sacrifice because (the Stockholders) believe this commerce should be free" ai is asserted by the "Journal, then there are but lew capitalists v ho would nm be willing to make a similar 'sncri6ce.' The idea in pf-rfectlv ridiculoua. In conclusion, 1 would aay that Louisville lias long looked at the contemplated woik with great alarm. "The galled jade winces," the sceptre is departing and while Cincinnati lias in wealth, population and power, greatly outatript tbe "Lityol the rails, her neighbors acrot-s Ihe river, on the tree side of the Uhio, Jetlersonville and New Albany, are fast pi easing on her population, and in but a few years more will be her rivals, nay her superiors, in all that constitutes great cities wealth, and a population of enterprising, industrious and intelligent white men. One great means of effecting this change, is the construction of the Indiana Lanal, and this no one knowa better than that talented and gilted aon of New Lngland, the senior editor ol the Louisville Journal. INDIANA. "Honesty, Capacity, Fidelity." A Dign'ifed Representative. The Boston Tran script, a whig paper, speaking cf the appointment of a young man from that city as the secretary of one of Qur foreign ministers, says, very-complimentary to the person and to thotse who appointed him If the object were to select an invoice of kid gloves, or to decide upon the merit of an opera dancer, or a prima donia, this gentlemen might be sent, on his own pre-eminent qualifications for the mission. Hut the object being to represent American republicanism. with due rrgard to the fi;ness and claim T the indi vidual, few appointments more objectionable could have Leen made. His claims were, that he was the son of his father, and had some great man for his backer. Men with obvious, substantial claims, both on account of their political experience and services and their contributions to tbe literary reputation nf the country, were given the go-by in- bis favor, on such grounds ! Surh appointments art neither crrdtable to the persons who urge them, nor to the adminis'.raliun which yields to their importunities. The true system in a republic should be to appoint every man on his own conspicuous merits, independent of family or personal influence, of the accident of birth. or the favor of a member of Congress. We copy the following from the N. Y. Sunday Atlas. A Felon in Office. A man named Goldsmith, who was recently appointed an Inspector of the Customs by Mr. Maxwell, was arrested on Monday last, whiUt discharging a ship, on a charge of burglary, and was committed to prison to await Ins trial. Report says that he has been known as a felon, and that the evidence in the present case, is full and complete. Another Beight One. We have been informed j that F. W fi - ,1 - ,i .1 .1 . Thomas, the gentleman who acted asar ..j 11 r -. rt ., lor of the "Louisville Literary Chronicle" - t..-v 1 1 sociate editor during the past winter, has beer, appointed to a clerk ship in the "Home Department" by JUr. Secretary Ewing. We suppose that this is another example of carrying out the principles and practices of the ear' Her Presidents. Our information is, that Mr. Thomas came to Kentucky last winter as a poor student of divinity became associate editor of the Liter-ry Chronicle, and as such collected a large number of advance subscriptions, or which he nexer accounted. lie visited Frankfort during the sitting of the Legislature gave pious lectures on the character of Wesley, and other leading Methodists was toasted and feasted with true Kentucky hospitality and then abused our misplaced generosity by getting beastly drunk and rolling in the gutter like a brute from which delectable situation be was carried, at his own request, to a house of evil fame. Of course Kentucky was no longer a fitting resi- j denco for such a hypocritical scamp, and he was therefore traneferrrd to a clerkship in Washington city, at a salary of from $1000 lo 1500 a year, in order that General Taylor's cabinet might :ive the American people demonstrable evidence of their determination TO CARRY OUT THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF THE EARLIER PRES1LENTS! It is unnecessary to add that Thomas is "a Whig, though not an ultra Whig." Well, we suppose the people will get their eyes open after a while. Louistille Chronicle. All the Morality. What is Tins! The Natiunal Intelligencer of Friday morning copies a paragraph from the Baltimore American, giving an eccount of a late robbery of gold watches in Philadelphia, which among other thing, says: That "one of the stolen watches had been seen in the possession of Edmond Goldsmith, a newly appointed custom-house officer in that city. Mr. Goldsmith was accordingly arrested, and the watch found in his possession, when he was detained in custody for further examination." It is surprising that this whig office-holder should fall to stealing so Boon after his appointment. It is a matter which the organ should look after, and put among the defalcation- We have heard of sundry other rogues who had been appointed to office by Collector Maxwell, whom he was obliged subsequently to remove. But, as the first article in the creed of whiggery is to plunder the government, we shall, we have no doubt, have a beautiful array of peculations to hold up to public admiration after the present adminiktration has passed from the stage. Union. The Canadian League Convention. The Toronto British Colonist, of the 31st ult., contains a full account of the proceedings of the Convention of the British American League, at Kingston, up to the morning of the 30th. The resolutions adopted assert 44 the unfaltering desire of all the members that the administration of the public affairs of the country, may be such as to root more firmly in the hearts of its loyal inhabitants a settled purpose and desire lo secure the lasting connection of the colony with the parent state that the longer continuance of Earl Elgin, as the representative of the crown in Ctnada, cannot conduce to that attachment to the sovereign, or that peace in the country which is essentia to ihe unity and integrity of the empire." It also adopted, by a unanimous vote and this is the only matter of general interest in the proceedings proposing a general union of all the provinces of the British North America; and fr the appointment of a committee to meet and confer with similar committees from the eastern province, to meet in Quebec or Montreal, duriwr the summer, for the arrangement of nrrliminaries. We infer that the deliberations of the League have resulted in a determination to persevere in the policy of overpowering Ihe French or Lower Canada, bv ihe aenlotneration of the British inhabitants of the different province", in a legislative union. This was what was hoped from the union of 1 . " ni the unnauas , out iu vain, lue contention icmaiucu iu session last Monday, but was expected to adjourn on the evening of ibat day. It will issue an address to the people, embodying the views of the convention, at length. JJHroil tree t'ress.

ITE3IS. Liability or Sceeties. The St. Louis Union, in speaking of the late bank embezzlement in that city, says : "Mr. N. Child. Jr.. was evgd in the Eank of Missouri for several successive years bis term of office, we believe, expired, snd was renewed annu

ally, and of course, with each renewal of office, it became necessary that be should bring forward new securities. In this way a number of our wealthy and influential citizens have at one titue or another, gouo security for him to Ihe C mk. Although the time has expired for which tle persons sgre-d to po Fccurity, yet they are not released from their obligations by this expiration but each, from the first, who brcame a surety, down to the laft man in tho list, is respon sible, and will be considered and beld so by the Bank, we doubt not. If this be law, it is certainly any thinjj bat justice. Community Troubles. A fresh erneute has broken out in the settlement of Economy, in Western Penn sylvania. I his is a species of communist orgarjintion which has long existed on Beaver River. The original owners of the property, 300 in number, have dwindled down to about CO, in consequence of the lack 01 heirs to many of three who have died all sexual intercourse being abstained from, though the original families live together. And now that the property amounts to &S0,0l)0 for each owner, one of the number has commenced suit in a court of law to recovrr his share, and employed as counsel Urn. Walur Forward oud Wilson McCandlet-s. The Pittsburgh papers are tf opinion that this will effect a Solution i.f tLc company. An Abstruse Legal Question. During the examination of a witness yesterday in the Criminal Court, in the case f Clnyburg.ci arged with stealing a cow, one of the learned legal gentlemen put this abstruse question " was not the cow a coif 1" The question wos answered by a hearty laugh from all quarters of the room. St. Lr.uis Union. Somebody says that when a fellow goo to law for damages, he generally gets 'em i.e. the damages. The editor of the Quincy Herald believes in that, inasmuch as he was lately mulcted in heavy damages for publishing some unwholesome truths about a whig cotemporary. Paul, a long time ago, wrote to the Corinthians, (1 Cor. vi. 7.) thus : Now therefore there is utterly a fault among you, because ye go to law one with another: why do you not rather tale wrong J Why do ye not rather suffer yourselves to be defrauded J" Literally and generally this is i.ne cf the most sensible pieces of advice ever given by the great apostle. We have always observed it, ond always mean to; though we don't mean to go quite as far as a very sensible and conscientious friend once advised us to do, to-wit : " rather than go to law, not only submit to be cheated, but tell a sma'l lie, or submit to a little diihonor, do any thing, rather than go to law." . The Jtlotqnito kingdom. The British Consul at New York has issued, by order of his government, a notification thoroughly characteristic cf English politics. "The New York and New Orleans Steam Navigation Company" have made a contract with the State of Nicaragua, to establish a communication between the Atlantic and Tacific, which contract is founded, in part, u;on the exclusive rieht of that State to navigate the River St. j John, and which binds the company to build a public ! etorc John, at or near the mouth of thia river, The British Consul officially informs the company that, the British governmeul is -bound to protect the rights .f the King of Mosquito ; that, the boundary ,ine f Mosqueto touches this river thirty miles below Lake Nicaragua, and that the jurisdiction of Mm quito covers the river from this point to its mouth, and aliso the port of St. John, called Grey Town by the English; and that, ihe State of Nicaragua has thus made grauts in territory where it has 110 jurisdiction. V Truly this is compendious, explicit, and quite Englith! If the Federal government du not meet it in a style quite American, every American citizen will have occasion to blush. The British government are bound to protect the territorial rights of the King of Mosquito! Bound by what! By a treaty, conceived and prosecuted in the full spirit of English iraua ana rapacity, by which the king or Alwqiuto separates from the State of Nicaragua and the repubi- f p ,t . . , 6, ,. ,r v, lie of Central America, end placid himelf under p-,- , , Tii -. 1 : 1 " Lritish protection! The British inducement to ihn treaty, which tho Moequito King, a youthful savage of 18, signed after being made drunk for the purpose, is the cession of his territory to the British government! Thus the British, through their usual machinery of fraud, gain a footing upon the Gulf cnaat of Nicaragua, for the purpose of ultimately stretching it to the Pacific coast, and monopolizing the beet line of communication between the Golf and the Pacific! Ahem! To suppose that the British consul at New York has acted iiMn proper authority, involves the supposition that, either the British Secretary of State, or the Britislj minister at Washington, or both, have insulted our government by a grors violation of diplomatic proprieties. Not yet ready to believe this, of course we cannot believe that the consul's "otEcial" authority is legitimate for the occasion, or any which, in the premises, he has a legal right to pronounce official. What then is his authority! FrubabJy the interference of some justice of the peace, port warden, or other petty British officer among Ihe Mosquitoes, or perhaps ihe British Prime Minister of his Mosquito Majesty! And what sort of authority is this! Precisely that which our government cannot recognize, which our citizens should entirely disregard, and against whom, if they molest our citizens in any way, our government should complain to their masters with a demand fr redress iu one hand, and a sword in the other. The British story about this Mopquito claim, founded on grants by the King of the Mosquitoes, in addition to the utmost effrontery of British fraud, is supremely ridiculous, beyond comparison the richest joke of the season. If some agent of the Hudson's Bay should seduce some Indian chief of Iowa into intoxication, and when he was dead drunk, put a pen in his hand, and make it trace "his mark X" to a deed by which the State of Iowa should be ceded to tho British government, an officer of the company should then communicate these proceedings to the British Consul at New York, and (he Consul, upon this official information, should notify and warn all persons migrating to the We6t against settling in Iowa, which belonged to the King of the Humbugs, who, by treaty, was under the protection of the British government, the case would pe precisely parallel with the one which this British Consul has recently presented at New York. The whole case, in all its steps, bears the marks of British fraud, rapacity and ins lence. Let all American citi. zens treat it accordingly, and let their government sustain them in so doing. Having twice vanquished the British lion, once in infancy and once in boyhood. we ought, having reached our majority, to make short work with British mosquitoes. One slap will do their business. Pa. Ledger. Tho annual commencement of the Indiana Univer sity, at Bloomington, occurred on the 15:h int. The exercises consisted in speeches by the graduating clast; the Baccalaurate address lo the class by the President, Dr. A. Wyhr; the conferring or Degrees, and music by the University Band. Orations were delivered ly the following young gentlemen: M. S. Bright, Madi son, ina.; Alvan Johnson, liomville. Ind.: C. Mc Lean, Madison, Ind.; Win, E. McLean, Terre Haute, Ind. ; James McD. Miller, Crawford county, Ind.; Oliver Stanton, La porte county, Ind.; B. B. Aioffatt, Terre Haute, Ind.; James Woodward, Bloomington, Ind. After the orations the President delivered hit Baccalaureate address to the graduating class. "This speech," says the ludlana Tribune, "which was one of much importance we think, consisted of an apohw gy for the State University. We would give a synop. sis of this ypeech; but wc suppose it will of course be piiblihd; if it should not, we will furnish our readers with a synopsis of it, as we believe it ought to be read by every body in the Stale." At the close of the address, the President conferred the degree of A. B. upon the following young gentlemen: M. S. Bright, A. Johnson, C. McLean, J. McD. Miller, O. Stanton, B. B. Moffatt, J. Woodward. We are glad to learn that the Institution is in a prosperous condition. Journal. ' The Arabians enforce patience by the following proverb: "Be patient, and the mulberry leaf, though naturally so rough, will become satin."