Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 11, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 August 1849 — Page 1

INDIANAPOLIS. AUGUST IS, 181.

Cr Albert Gallatin died in New York on the 13th instant. CtThe Banner Township. Salt Creek township, Jackson county, gave Joseph A. Wright 134 votes, James II. Lano 13-1 votes, Cyrus L. Dunham 131 vote, nnd not one single vole to their whig opponent. SaJt River is said to be rather a "sandy country," but give OS Sail Cretk forever ! Medical Lectush. Oa Tuesday evening last, Frof. Curtis, of the. Butanico-Medical college, Cincinnati, delivered a lecture on Medical reform, at the Weshy chapel. It was listened to with much appircnt interest by a large nnd intelligent audience, and seemed to trive great satisfaction. (t7-A tjWranhic despatch from Carlisle. Ta.. of Aug. 13, announces that President Taylor was taken . . , , , ,,, u.j i , . . wiwi cii"u-ro. ai x ji. on mai uay, wnue receiving . Iricnus in the C-mrt House. iNuthing nerions, how cver, is apprehended from cholera, though his friends '. may ofEc desir tcAoZe time for which he was elected. C7Rancolpu County. It his been announced that there was a tie vote between James Brown and Edward Edgcr, both democrats, in the election for r. . . r i i I , Representatives in Randolph county. X . ... . . . Jll K I1IUIC tUltlUI tUUIll, HIB JUUjJVB ilUU tltl the election have become convinced, and have certified to the governor, that James Urown received a majority of five votes over Mr. Edger, and will receive a ! corticate rf election. Governor Dunning n satisfied own's election and will not order a rew j j , - ,. , , I of Mr. Erow election. E!za Lank, free soil whig, ie the other representative elect. Indiana. Congressmen Elected Aug. 6, 1849. Democrats. 1st Dist. Nathaniel Albertson. 2J Dist. Cyeus L. Dunham. 3J Dist.- John L. Robinin. 4th Dist. George W. Jcmav, f. b. 5th Dist. William J. Brown. 6th Dist. Willis A. Gohman. 7th Dist. E. W Whig. McG AUG HEY. 8ih Dist. Jos. E. McDonald. 9th Dist. Graham N. Fitch. 10th Dist. Andrew J. Harlan. Tennessee Congressmen. Democrats. 1. Andrew Johnson, 4. John II. Savage, 5. Goorge W. Jones, 7. James H. Thoma?, Whigs. 2. A. G. Walkin?, 3. J. M. Anderson, G. M. P. Gentry, 10. C. II. Williams 1. 8. Andrew Eiving, 9. Iam G. Harris, ' 11. F. P. Stanton 7. In the laet Congress, there were six democrats and five whigs. PE?.?.Y COUJTTY. Rome, AnjuM 9, 1S49. Messrs. Chapman If Spann : The returns of Perry coun ty are betöre us and are as lollows: For Matoo, - M S'cfiflil, - M Wright, - Lane, - - - M Embree, (Cong.) - 4 Albeiton, - 547 M j. 166 545 3S1 374 619 - 24S 371 Embiec't majority in '47 was 347 now, 24S a creat falling off in Spencer they have beaten Embree' majority ICO over hit vote in '47 ; the whigi concede the point that Embree is beaten by tv confiderable majority Col. Robinson will be our Prosecutor. Yours very respectfully, 11. K. General Taylor. In his reply to the address of the committee of the City Council of Boston, General Taylor say?, th&t neither the time of bis departure from Washington, nor his loute, are determined on, but implies that he designs being present at the N. Y. State Agricultural Fair. He says : "It is my wish to visit not only Boston, but several places in its vicinity, and I shall prolong my stay in Eastern Massachusetts sufficiently for that purpose ; but whether it will be before or after the Syracuse Fair, has not yet been decided. 'Eastern Massachusetts" ! The editor of the Cincinnati Chronicle, a leading Whig paper in the Wet, stigmatizes Truman Smith's letter to the Whigs of Indiana, stimulating them by hopes of place, &c, as a ridiculous and disgusting tnanifesln, a compound of egotism, impudence, folly, and partisan servility, unworthy the dignity of a gentleman" But the Indiana Journal zealously defends Smith, and maintains that h's promises to give the whigs more and better offices, if they would send whigs to Congress, was all perfectly pure, gentlemanly and right. Well ; we euppoto this difference of opinion between these two whig editors depends on their esti mate of the character of their own party and its leaders. The one thinks it disgraceful to be offered such bribes for such purposes ; the other thinks it all perfectly right and proper. We should be sorry to admit, that wc ourselves had no higher respect for the Whig party of Indiana, than to suppose them willing to approve of the course of Truman Smith. Railroad. The Ssate Sentinel in speaking of the Knightstown and Rushvills Railroad commits mo unintentional error no doubt. "The Shelby ville and Ruhville road. 19l miles Junj, is nearly ready for the rail. Shelbyville and Knightstowti road, 25 miles, will be ready for the iron 1st of March next; for the last two roads rails Lave been purchased." The fact Is the iron baa not only been obtained, but there- are several Steam Mills on each line making lumber for the tracks and the superstructure is being put down with great rapidity tbe cars will run from Shelbyville to Morristown on the one line and to Manilla on the other before winter, each 12 miles from Shelbyville. The Knightstown Company has a eurplu8 of $16,000 on Ua.nd. Shelbyville llwjck Heavy Hank Robbery Iargc Deficit in tlic .Hissourl IJauk. St. Louis, August 13, P. M. There was a discovery of a deficit in gold cn Saturday last, in the Bank of Missouri, of S120.70O. The disclosure has caused some excitement, though the solvency of the Bank is not affected. On Fridiiy it seems a heavy draft was presented by Tage and Bacon, in paying which the paying teller resorted to some boxes containing foreign coin. These boxes, together with ethers, had been laid aside for the purpose of having the contents recoined, but the keys to the vault containing the American coin having been temporarily misplaced the boxes containing the foreign coin u ere resorted to. On opening the first box a bag of ten thaler pieces was missed ; frvm another a bag of sovereign's was pone, and soon. The Teiler gave information to the President, nnd the directors were assembled on Saturday when it was discovered that from thirty-three boxes of coin which had been counted and sealed up last Jlarch, one nun drd and twenty thousand seven hundred dollars had .v J rw ,1.. .; rnM l .... .v.., or tri J ttwjii.iu. ' r " ' H - e I.... , i , i. J ... , COUiliru J" III, uui mv.n..v -

kill him as they did Harrison, in boring him for i I "9 honorable service, no deeds of noble daring, , laDomj attempt to shift the blame f

:e. We hope Taylor may recover, for we heartily i ' , u . ; IT. r T t r F . i I figures on to the shoulders of any a r v w j I nnfrmt uKn rictr their iva in hfttHi Frtm tri Forcr ' J

e that the whigs should enjoy him during the nn(j vindictive persecution f these friends of Great i Taylor' Post Office minions, it adds

. V r 1 . . 11. Sn.roVwMt immp-li i in l ie safe at the Ps!o(Fice, and there found Sb3,453, not be found u.ateriallv greater, suspicion immedi- 5 . -it? i . n 1.. it. r.i, , . , ,, . , ... -T 11-, ij,K.r;l ' in the Commercial Bank Mr. O. has the balance deately rented on tho late paying Teller, Nathaniel .,.,. . , ,

Child?. Jr. Ho was arrested and held to bail in tha sum of thirty thousand dollars, until Wednesday, when further "investiga'ions will be made. Bail was furnished, but th accused is not permitted to leave his reidencf. He haa heretofore been universally esteemed, nnd was ot the head of the Sabbath Schools cf the city. He has also been an officer of the Bank since its foundation.

Published every Thursday. Another Patriot brought to flic lock. We learn from a correspondent of the Baltimore Sun that the chivalrous and heroic Gen. Lane the Marion of the Mexican war lias been removed from the office of governor of Oregon, and a Mexican whig by the namo cf J. II. Marshall, of Indiana, appointed to succeed him. Can this be the act of Gen. (Taylor 1, We cannot believe it. We cannot believe ; .'at he would remove a sold.er as distinguished near ns nsclf. who had served his country in the Fame war with himself, and who had won laurels as recr, as uja own Yet the deed has been done, to the disgrace of the administration, and to the dishonor of the man who nominally stands at in head. Britain and Mexico who have stolen into power by a i once honored name ! Let the people rise up and re büke such monstrous ingratitude to our country's defenders such base perfidy to our country's honor. -These iniquitous acts are intolerable, and should be ! avenged by hurling the party which dares to be guil- . -, 3 e ,7 , r , 'lyui them from the places which they dishonor. The Union rinds it difficult to believe in this infamoua 8ct cf Taylor. Under other circumstances, we siouij auor under the same doubt. But knowing the jealousy, and consequently the hatred with which I Tayor l0a ever regarded Gen. Lane, especially after j 1 ' I the battle ot Uuetia vista, we nave only been surprised that he has delayed the execution of this measure of revenge so long. He did not -mean to delay it, when he passed up the Ohio on his way to Washington ; for at Madison, aa we have it on good whig authority, he sirnre with an oath that it should be the first of his presidential acts. The delays no doubt, was the result of the advice of our whig leaders, and of the Cabinet Regency which directs all Taylor'a acts ; and the delay was a prudent one on their part. They had reason to suppose that the people of Indiana would have resented this insult to the State, at the bal'ot boxea in August. Therefore, instead of removing Gen. Lane before the election, they kept dark in regard to him, and through the President of their outside cabinet, Truman Smith, promised more offices, if the people could be induced to vote for congressmen of the Taylor Mripe. The manner of the act therefore U as mean and cowardly as the act itself; and it corresponds precisely witli Taylor's character, as wo have always estimated it, a character very deficient indeed in all tin- qualities that mark the gentleman or the generous eoldicr. The Union expresses surprise at this removal of a soldier as distinguished nearly as Taylor himself," &.c. We think that was one of the strongest reasons for Lane's removal, as well as the strongest incentive of Taylor's original jealousy and hatred of him. Lane, be it remembered, was a Volunteer General ; and Taylor hated the volunteers, from the highest to the lowest, from the beginning to the end of the war. And now, if the Union will observe carefully, it will discover, that almost, if not quite all, of the soldiers, who had been appointed to civil office by President Polk, as some acknowledgement of their patriotism, but who have since been turned out of those offices, with Taylor's assent, belonged to the Volunteer portion of the army. We do not believe that Taylor ever entertained an idea on this subject, in any degree more liberal than might be expected to characterize the meanest of the lusinn Generals. Men are to be hired to fight for pay, and to become subject to tyrannous discipline, without murmuring, under penalty of death ; officers fight for personal advancement, as well as plunder. These are Taylor's notions; and of course he has no respect for the patriotism which marks the volunteer. Of course also, Taylor hated Lane all the more intensely, because of Lane's extraordinary generosity of character as a man, and of his impetuous courage and bravery as a soldier. Under such circumstances, instead of the removal of Lane being a disg'ace to him, it is the highest honor which the mercenary Taylor could possibly confer upon him. The disgrace and dishonor attach wholly to Taylor, and it will stick to hin like a coat of tar and feathers, which, in our cool ar.d deliberate opinion, he deserves to wear. , The Ulonarclis or Europe. Dr. Barn!, in one f his recent lectures upon Europe, gave a sketch of the reigning monarchs, from which we make these extracts: The Emperor of Russia stands at the head of the monarchs of Europe. He is six feet two inches in height, and 13 one of the most dignified looking men in the world. He has more of the German than of the Russian in Wm appearance. He is possessed of fine talents, though of limited education, and is now about fifty-three years of age. An old Scotch woman, who was tho nurse of the Emperor, is a great favorite in the family. The Emperor made her a brigadier-general. Nicholas is the ablest ruler that Rui& has ever had ; nnd though his government is despotic, perhaps it is as good as could be expected under the circumstances. The King of Prussia is only about fifty-four years of age, and is a fine looking man. Being near-sighted, and having a florid complexion, his enemies say he is a drunkard. On the other hand his friends say he is a religious man. Neither of these tories probably is true. The King of Sweden, who is about forty years of oge, is a very interesting man, and is well educated. lie has received a university education, the want of which is greatly lamented by the King of Prussia. The latter is a self-made man. Two or three times a week Baron Humboldt dines with him and stays until 11 o'clock, giving him all the information in his power. The King of Denmark is a brutish personage. He spends most of his time in hunting and fishing, dislikes human society, and has an abhorrence of women. He has been twice married, and from each wife has been divorced on account of his brutal conduct Of the Queen of Portugal it is enough to say that she is an enormously fit woman. Of the reigning nineteen sovereigns, nine are Roman Catholics, eight Protestants, one belongs to the Greek Church a. id one a Mahommedan. The sovereigns are not, h iwever, in every case, of the same relic ion as their people. Three of these monarch are Queens the English, the Spanish and tho Portuguese. CO-Tho alleged defalcation of Collins, the U. S. Surveyor cf the port of Cincinnati, out of which the whig papers have tried to make some capital, turns out to be a sheer humbug and falsehood. The "Commercial" cf a late date has the following : We heard yesterday . from high authority that .Patrick Collins, Esq., late Surveyor at this port, by ,. , ,. . l,;. - ft- l u itt,r ' ''.""' . hiu.self no defaulter, and not entitled to a shade of . - - nusrtlcion 111 the prrmises. Mr. J. McLaughlin in- - , ! posited that is due the government on settlement. We are glad to record this, aaa sincerely sympathise with Mr. C. in his sickness, and in this onfortunato -i charge. Suits against papers publishing him as a defaulter are commenced, or in contemplation at this time. Mr. Collins' health Is very poor." Some other lie must now be started, to sustain the infamous Taylor Cabinet.

INDIANAPOLIS, a he .Hails. Never since the foundation of our Government have the mails been in euch utter confusion at this season of the year as at the present. Such is the disorder,

that even the Taylor papers which swallow every u' urPa"ns oi MrluUand United btates minI,,. j . .. , . . . .. 1 ' tary nfliccr, in the Territories wrested from that : thing done by the admu.i8trat.on, arc complain.ng in ; .aMimUlntni. ,c nrAar ... ,, . K

all quarters. The Cincinnati Gazette has lately ut-1 tered several ; and to punish, it for such temerity is probably the reason why that paper reached us day 1 before jesterday in the short space of ighl days! But our object is to call attention to an article in the National Intelligencer of the 7th inst. After a 'or their repeated nd every body but " Loud has been the clamor ogainst the post offices of New Yark, Philadelphia, and some other cities at the mismailing of newspaper, whereby those for towns in Ohio near to Wheeling, and In the eastern portions of the State, are sent through to Columbus , and Cincinnati, and, after long delays, reach their destination on their return from the West. We have ben shown the answers of tho postmasters of New York and Philadelphia, from which we extract the following important statements : Publishers of newspapeis heie fsavi Mr. Brady, Tostt master of New Yoik) aie in the habit of making up their own maiN, and sending them tons bagged and ' '"'?. 'hi! f l,1ct",?c""ed' (" ,r-, hite' ter of Philadelphia,) I tbink it occurs with those b labelled.' Postmas- ) I tbink it occurs with those bagged by the punters. Several ba : 20,000, 30,000, 40,000 each, weekly, and they prefer assorting them, that they may send them in at the latest moment' The printing offices, and not the post offices, make the mistakes, but the Postmaster General and his deputies have to bear the blame." This is a very pretty confession I The Printing Offices make the mistakes ! ! For what purpose, we would inquire, aro the Tost OfSce, if Trinting Offices da the labor of distributing the mails! Why not abolish them, and leave the whole to the Printing Offices And what right have Postmasters or the Department, to suffer and permit such things to be done! We take it to be a violation of their oaths and the law, and as such should be indignantly frowned down. To find time to decapitate democrats, they should not be suffered thus to trifle with the laws; and we earnestly hope the next Congress will examine into this matter, and bring the guilty parties to justice. OO-The New York Herald, and very appropriately too, was one of the earliest and most zealous 8upporters of Taylor for the Presidency. Bui, as the Union eays, "it sniifF the populnr breeze'. It sees that tbe folly, the imbecility, and the unscrupulous and shameless violation of solemn pledges, of which the cabinet has been guilty, has not only aroused the indignation of the people, but has brought discredit and dishonor upon the name T General Taylor. It sees that the sentiments of the people of this country revolt at the flagrant and monstrous falsehood and cheat of which the party in power has been guilty ; and it seea, too, that the only way to avert the doom which is settling down upon the administration, and in which all t?o glories of Bucna Vista will be totally and forever eclipsed, is, for General Taylor to get rid of the pre sent cabinet, and to change the policy of the govern ment." But the Herald comes to the rescue "too late." Taylor's imbecility, if not his utter dishonesty, has been demonstrated past redemption. As the Herald itself Bay?, iu a recent article SCARCELY A SINGLE PLEDGE IS THERE OF GENERAL TAYLOR THAT HAS NOT BEEN VIOLATED BY THE CABINET, ichich is fast destroying ki reputation and blasting his fame. He stands where he ever stood on the rock of unim peached integrity and unsullied patriotism. But his confidence has been abused. Even whigs themselves, in hundreds and m thousands, throughout this broad land. hung their heads in shame and sorrow, as they behold in the conduct oj the cabinet, the rum of their lionet ana jnna anticipations. 9f 1i 'm "Here we have had a new department organized the Department of the interior, or Home Department trom which the people anticipated salutary results, the reform ol many abuses, and a more efficient ad ministration of public affairs. How has it been con ducted ! lias been given into the hands of Eaiag a second Jedru Koutn a rabid, mahscnanl. intolerant. unscrupulous partisan, icho seems bent on pursuing the same reckless and savage course as his prototype in ry i.. I 1 it. .e ,irranzr, vy icmui nie joriunes of repuoiicanisrn in that land have been jeoparded, perhaps beyond all hope Al.KL.ADY Wü UE1IOLÜ, UNDER THIS AD MINISTRATION. AN AMOUNT OF CORRUPTION. FAVORITISM, AND PARTISANSHIP. WHICH HAS AT ONCE ASTOUNDED AND ctriwifpn tt irrNJi?o'P htcivt im tt j rv-v, uouvnuo iiLiu ouuoi ius.ii im, -iuitlUlMl 1 , Wholesale removals from office without just cause ; appointments oj jriends, relatives, and, faclvmislSf.irrespectire of capacity or integrity : in solent and unscrupulous employment of the patronage and power of the government for the benefit, not of tlie country, but of 'the party such, alas! are the lead ing Jealures of this administration. And all revealed too, in the short space of five months! No former administration has reached the same point of cor ruption i le same space 0 lime. It seems as 11 this cabinet have determined to answer the people in the manner of the foolish Jewish king: Whereas our predecessor did lade you with a heavy yoke, we will add to your yoke. They chastised you with whip?, but we will chastise you with scorpions!' All this is but "the beginning of the end. Gen. Taylor nt Itnltimore. The ''Second Washington" on reaching Baltimore met with rather a cold reception, according to tho Republican not over 150 persons being assembled around the Railroad depot. Says the Republican : 'In the course of fifteen or twenty minutes, about 250 persons assembled iu front of the hotel, and his Excellency having in the meantime refreshed himself, came down under the escort of Z. Collins Lee, Esq., and addressed the meagre gathering from the portico. After taking off his hat, which he held in his right hand, his IcA clenching the iron railing, then adjusting a pair of gold spectacles over his forehead, and bowing to the auditory, who emitted a few sickly cheers akiu to the chirpings of a brood of chickens with tho pip, Gen. Taylor epoke word for word, as follows : 'I thauk you, citizens of Baltimore. It r-ffords me pleas gratification to meet so goodly a number of my friends on this occasion, lhe cholera is now linTring around us; and although I have no appre hensions from the disease, I feared that the gathering together of crowds of persons might bring on the disease, and being anxious to keep off the disease, ai though I do not fear it myself, yet I thought it prudent to avoid any public demor. sirations that might tend to increase the disease. Here he convulsively crapped the railing.! On my way North, in passing, I thought I'd slop here to-night, and go along in the morning. A pause. On iny return, I shall be happy to meet the citizens of Baltimore, and take as many of them by the hand ns I can. Here he rubr bed Ma forehead. But 1 thought it better to avoid brin"ing together any crowds on my way, as the dir ease might be thereby increased, and I should after; wards reproach myself with being the cause." The Republican concludes : "Here the "second Washington" signified the close of bis speech by putting on his hat, and then turning abruptly away, a faint cheer caught up the dying echo of the last word, 'cause." Tho General then retired to his apartments, to enjoy some repose after this tremendous intellectual effort and in a few minutes the area jn front of the hotel was vacant.

AUGUST 23, 1849.

From the National Erts. Usurpation in California. We heard rmjch from orthodox Whig authorities, during the prosecution of the war with Mexico, t f military authority in New Mexico was denounced ns an net of despotism, repugnant to the fundamental principles t.f civil liberty; but his supporters, with nie plausibility, argued that the rtjeoeure was fairly wiunn me scope ot the War l'ower. CrUinly, when the state of war ceased, the Governments thus established, terminated, and even Mr. Tolk could find no grant of power m the Constitution to govern the Territories. It was reserved for a Whig Administration, pro fessing unlimited devotion to Law, inflexible inherence to the path marked out by the Constitution, to devise a way for the establishment of civil govern ment in .territories, without aid from the Legislative Power. It 6eems now, that the Senate, when it adopted a provision which it endeavored to force upon the House, to vest in the President the power of ap pointing a Governor tor l.al.foriua, with Judges and other officers, was wasting its time in a work of su pererogation. Congress having failed to empower the President in he premises, he assumed what that body would not grant h usurped absolute civil rule over the Territory of California not by virtue of tbe War rower, for the state of war had ceased : not by by virtue of any constitutional grant, direct or im plied no such grant is pretended : but, he has nsurned absolute civ il power on the strength of a miserable fiction. We speak thus, ou the supposition that Gen. Riley, in announcing him-elf Governor of California, can produce Presidential warrant for the act. True, his instructions, so far as published, do not authorize such an act. The only published instructions, on which he can rest this usurpation of authority, are contained in the following order: ORDER No. 17. Headquarters I 0th Military Dept., Monier ty, California, May 8, 1849.5 The following extract from the instructions of the Secretaiy of War, to the Commander of this Department, is DUblished for the infuimation of the people of California i 44 It will be the duty of the commander cf our military force to it crguize the present Government tit facto, tu re spect tne officers or it, and to lend the aiJ to the n.ilitary force tu pi otic t the rights of persons and property of the inhabitants of the Teriitoiy. Tbouh he has uot the liiht to change or modify the existing civil Government, it will be his duty to irgard it as an i xisting Government, until it is changed by competent autboiity. He is directed to quiet any uneasiness which may exist in the minds cf tbe people on account of their present knomaluus state, by assurance that the Executive of the Unit d Slates will do what appeitaios to him to remedy any inc -nveniences which they miy now experience, to secuie Iheir lights, and to extend to them in the amplest manner 11 the benefits cf our political insti tutions. ISo d übt that upon suck asauiances they will iemaio quiet umier the existing statt of things until the proper authority shall have time to intei pose and provide them wiia a new civil oiganiz.tion, securing to them the advantages of a liberal Tenitoiial Government, wiih such ei c ur sgements as will facilitate tbe settlemeot and promote the prospenty oi laliioioia." By order if General Riley. If there be no other instructions than these. Gen. Riley has transcended his powers he is a usurper ou his own account. The Secretary of War requires the commander of the. military force, tj recognise the present Government of the Territory, "e facto, to respect tho otucers of it," etc. row, what was the Government de fadn," when Gen. Riley assumed tlie command ot the army j w ho were its othcers ! Not the Government which had existed while Califor nia was under Mexican rule; not the officers, appointed or selected at that time. That Government had long ceased to exist of those officers, some, wc presume, had been killed, some had fled, the authority of others was not recognized. There was no Government ' de facte," except the Provisional one form ed by the People of San Francisco, and the govern ment of Lynch Law established at the mines. But. in full view of this state of tilings, the first act of Gen. Riley was, to recogtnse the civil Government of California which had existed under Mexican rule, but was not, de facto;" to respect. the officers ere' ated under Mexican sovereignty, many of whom were no longer citizens of the territory, and few of whom were recognized by the Teople of California. 1 W e say that, in all this, he plainly transcended his published instructions. In denying the authority of the fcan francisco Government, he denied the author ity of the only "de facto" Government. Nor do thee instructions authorize him to assume the Governorship of the Territory. Not a word is said which cun give color to such an act of usurpa tion. And yet, in his proclamation to the People of aiitorma, he says "The undeisigned. in accordance with instructions from the Secretaiy of War, has assumed tbe administration of civil atfairs in California, not as a military Governor, but as tbe executive of the existing civil Government!" If this be true, where hre those instructions! Whv are tl.ey not made public! Let us have the letter from the Secretary of War, in which, by order of .achary laylor, brigadier General Kiley is appointed civil Governor of California, with authority to enforce Mexican laws, to appoint the indues of th e superior . j .1 c ' . 0 .' courio auu me prerccts, 10 nx 1 lie salaries 01 the om cers of the Government, and pay them out of the customs, to call Conventions of the People, to deter mine the times and places of elections, and the quali fications of electors. Where isthat letter! If there be such a one, then has the Administration peen guiltv of an act of usurpation unparalleled in the history of the rederal Government. See the miserable fiction on which this audacious act is grounded. A briet summary of tie organization of the pre sent Government," savs Gen. Riley, may not be uninteresting.. It consists of a Governor, appointed by the Supreme Government; in default ol euch appointment, the office is temporarily vested in the com manding military omcer of t!ie department." The assumption made by the President is, that this Mexican law or usage is yet in force in California This is the fiction which is made the groundwork of a gross act ot JJespotism. "The situation of Cali fornia," says Gen. Riley, is almost identical with that of Louisiana, and the decisions of tbe Supreme Court, in recognising the validity of the laws which existed in that country previous to its annexation to the United btates, being not inconsistent "with the Constitution and laws of the United States, or repeal ed by legitimate legislative enactment, furnish a clear and safe guide in our present situation." We beg leave to differ from the General and his instructors on this head. The Territory of Louisiana was delivered over to the United States in December, 131)3, and in March, 1804, just three months after, a Territorial Government, provided by Congre?, was in operation therein. The laws recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States, were laws relating to private rights, and not to a form of Gov ernment. Order nnd justice require that the laws protecting the people of a Territory in the rights of property, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, should bo recognized by the courts of the sovereignty now supreme over them, provided they be not inconsistent Willi its fundamental Constitution, no matter though they were enacted by the sovereignty which trans ferred them, ihl-t 1 the usage established by the decisions of our Supreme Court, and in harmony with common sense and natural justice. But what lias this to do with tho forms of Government? They concprn the political rights f citizens, not the personal or private rights of individuals.. What decis ions of the Supreme Court eustain the dogma, that the .orms of Government in a country, emanating from one sovereignty, annihilated by the conquest of that Territory, are revived the moment the conquer ing sovereignty acquires a title to it bv treaty! We are not familiar with the law, but we venture the as sertion that that point has never been decided by our courts. General Taylor, however, and his constitu tional advisers, have a timed to fettle it. In the .ate of the Atrierica! Insurance Company vs. Carter, Chief Justice Marshall said! On such transfer of lenilory, it has never been held that the relation of the inhabitants with each other ondergo any change. I heir relations with their Punier sovereign are dissolved, and new teUti ns aie created b-iwreii ihem and the Government which has acquired tbeir territory. The same act whkh tran'fc.i their country transfer he allegiance of th-nc wh remain in it. And the- law, which mty be de-

Volume X:::::::::Nimikr 11. nominated p litical, is necessarily chacged, although that which irgnlates the inteiccinse cd get eial conduct of individuals, remains in force uutil altered by the newly created power of tbe State." Again, in the same case, page 514, he uses this language: " It has beco already stated that all the laws which were in fi-ice in Fhuida, while a province of Spain, those excepted which wet t political in their character, which concerned the relations between the people and their sovereign, remaiucd in force uiiiil attcied bv the Government of the ÜDited sutes." It will be observed that Chief Justice Marshall dis criminates between the laws regulating the relations of the people to each other, and those which were politi a), which concerned the relations between the people and their sovereign. The former, he say, continued in force; but the latter he expressly exexecpta from this ruld they reaecd U Lave any obligation. The nets of Gen. Taylor, his Cabinet, and his creature. Gen. Riley, are therefore illegal, utterly unauthorized. ' The former Government in California, was the cre ation of Mexican sovereignty the officers of that Government were creatures of that Sovereignty, de riving their sole authority from its p'iwer. iiio mo ment the territory became oors, that moment Mexican sovereignty ceased, the uoverumeru it had cre ated in California terminated, the officers whom it had authorized were at once divested of their official character. The People if California no longer recognized them. But Gen. Taylor, on his accession to power, coolly attempts to resuscitate tins old form of Government, and to recognise the old officers in other Words, he, without warrant from the Constitu tion of the United States, re-creates a Mexican form of Goernment for California, re-npp-int3 the old officers, and commands the army to sustain these, his own creations and all this power is usurped, in full tiew of the fact, that the Legislative Department of the Government, the sole legitimate source of government in California under our Constitution, had refused to confer upon him any such power. When did General Jackson or James K. Polk ever venture on usurpations so gross, so utterly inexcusable as this ! Officiul. Py the President of the United Stales Proclamation. There is reason to believe that an armed expedition is about to be fitted out in the United States with an intention to invade the Island cf Cuba, or some of the Provinces of Mexico. The best information which the Executive has been able to obtain, points to the Island of Cuba ns the object of this expedition. It is the duty of this Government to observe the faitii cf Treaties, and to prevent an aggression by our citizens upon too Territories of friendly nations. I have, teerefjre, thought it necessary and proper to issue this proclamation, to warn all citizens of the United States who ßhall connect themselves with an enter prise so grossly in violation of our laws and our Treaty obligations; that they will thereby subject themselves to a heavy penalty, denounced against them by cur Acts of Congress, and will forfeit ti eir claim to the protection uf their Country. No such persons must expect tho interference of the Govern ment in ony form on their behalf; no matter to what extremity they may be reduced in consequence of their conduct. An enterprise to invade Territories of friendly Na tions, set on foot and prosecuted within the limits of the United States, is in the highest degree criminal, as tending to endanger the peace and compromise the honor of this rsation; nnd therefore I expect all good citizens, as they regard our National reputation as they respect their own Laws, and the Laws of Na tions as they value tho blessings of peace, and the welfare of their Gauntry to discourage and prevent, by all lawful means, any such enterprise; and I call upon every officer of this Government, civil or military, to use all efforts in his power, to arrest for trial and punishment, every such offender against laws providing for the performance of our sacred obligations to friendly powers. Given under my hand, this eleveutli day ot Au gust, in the year of our Lord, 1849, and 74th of tlie Independence of the United States. Jiy the Fresideut, Z. 1 A I LUU. J. M. Clavtow, Secretary of State. Washington, August 14, P. M. The Republic says : The above Proclamation was received yesterday t tlie Department of State, in a communication from the President, ot Harrisburg. Information has been for some time in possession ot the Government, to the effect that bodies of men were in the course of being levied nnd drilled in New Orleans, New York, and other cities of the Union ; that money to a considerable amount has been contributed ; and (hat arms have been provided, and arrangements made 011 a large scale, with a view to some military expedition. Their movements have, been conducted with great secrecy, and the object of their enterprise has been concealed even from individuals who have embarked in it. Sufficient evidence, however, has b"eu obtained to satisfy the President that the design of the expedition is an invasion of Cuba, and that the intervention of the Executive is necessary to preserve our neutral obligations, and to keep unsullied the honor of the American people. We give the following by request. Of the facts we know nothing. But we do know that it is a very rare case that fault is found with the contractors on the route in question. They have, indeed, the general reputation of being the most gentlemanly and obliging of any in the West ; and we sincerely hope that friend Spcnce may not be laboring under a wrong impression. However, he makes his own statement ; and the people will judge of the matter. A Kaution to tlic Travelling Jutlic. Having business at Indianapolis a short time since, I paid my stage fars, $2 50, to the proper agent at Covington, and had my name regularly entered on the waybill. Unfortunately, at Crawlordsville, I chose to top at another than the public bouse at which the stage-ofiice is kept, not however without giving notice to that agent of my stopping place, flngersoll'a.) 1 was left by the stage, solely because, aa 1 believe, the Shy lock avarice of the agent lost the sale of twenty-five cents worth of provisions. I then, with a fellow passenger in the same eoodition, was left to find my way 10 Indianapolis ns best 1 could in which 1 succeeded by hiring a private conveyance. After arriving at Indianapolis, I lunda known my treatment to the agent there ; upon which I was informed that when my business was done, my name should be entered for Covington freo of charge, in consideration of my extra expenses accruing from rny bad treatment at Crawlordsville. Again 1 was doomed to disappointment, as my name failed to be registered among tbe 'passengers for Covington, and 1 again left to seek my way home as best I could, which 1 did by private conveyence. My object, in making public my treatment, is that those having business over this line may be prepared to encounter a landlord at Crawfordsville, stage agents and contractors, who have no compunctions in filching either directly or indirectly fntn the unsuspecting traveller ; or to gratify a low, groveling spirit of envy towards a rival landlord, would doom a traveller to vexation, expense and delay because he chose to stop at a different house from the one where the stage puts up; and, by the sj, usually a tavern with "Stage Office" at iis door, is but another name for poor accommodations for travellers. Tlie contractors of the line have my money without consideration ; to them it will be as profitless aa though it was stolen, except their adeptness 111 villany is greater than most of rascals. One word more in reference la the agents. . Soma of my friend in Indianapolis referred me to one Campbell as being the principal agent and a gentleman in every sense of the word, stating that he would do me justice, &e. Well, I msde several efforts to get to see him by calling at hi office, but failed in every instance; but from what I found out afterwards, lie was the chief una that opposed justice. I would here remark that I think tbe good people ul Indianapolis are mistaken in the man. I think it Ihry will give turn a more thorough examination, they will find another hump; I think he is a doublehumped Campbell. BAKE It KPENCE. Covington, Aug. 8, 1849. Rights of Counsel. Richard Ycadon, a lawyer, has had to publish a letter of explanation, in Charleston, for acting as counsel, two years ago, for one of the slaves recently executed in that city. Mr. Y. has bcn threatened with personal violence, for suffering himself to be retained by the owner of the sUve. Ho ays he was performing simply a profUsiona! duty.

Hvperckiticau In reference to a recent paragraph

of ours, the Journal Las the following: "There, who will say that they don't know how to talk like Doctois, nyh-w ? 'Reducing the eun!riction tf the capillary teste.', 4c' Doubtlefs tt.is is very learned, and very ioielü'ibie lo those who understand it. but what is meant by reducing cnstiic!ion of tlie capillar vessels ?' and how would these dxtors go about to reduce a duwir; together, or eoutiaction. which i Webster's definition c f coustiiction ?' If the ciiUiiy vessels a:e dtavrn together in cholera, wc can very easily onJeistand that they could be 'reduced' or irston-d to their to mer sta'.e ; but reducing eomirict ion of riuin is a huckleberry above our persimmon.' We are inclined to think that these Doctors are in the same rix as he cf nh m it i süJ Xezalat artifex sequi voces.' which being inierpided means, that it is fully lor jjckas to try to roar lize a liuu. The medical knowledge of our neighbor is certainly improving rapiüiy, or else it has a kind friend nt its elbow, who readily aids it with his scientific assistance. Wc wrote in such a way as wo thought would suit tho limited capacity of our neighbor himself, and minds of tho same calibre, or of a similar degree cf cultivation. Had we been addressing minds of a superior order, and had we aimed to escape hyprcriticism, we should have been a little more precise, perhaps. Instead of merely eayaig that a certain remedial process would tend to "reduce constriction of the capillary vessels," &c, we should have said preternatural constriction, &.C. But that would only iave been a still greater 6tumbling-b!ock in the way of our neighbor, if he is as ignorant as he confesses ie is of common medical phraseology. We supposed. iowevcr, that every jackass, as well as anv lion. could comprehend that we alluded to preternatural cr diseased constriction ; but it seems that we were mistaken as to the jackasses. They must be brayed, "like a fool in a mortar," and it becomes necessary, it appears, that our sweet voices should be attuned delicately, to 6uit their critical ears. The extremist hypercriticism, however, will susliin us in the preciso languages we used, notwithstanding the cavilling of our le&rr.cd critic. Witn?s the following authorities as to sjma of tho definitions of the term reduction :" "Reduction. This word, in its most extensive sense, is applicable to all operations by which any substance is restored to its natural ilale." Hooper's Med. Die. by Akerly: ' In surgery, the returning of a dislocated bono into its proper place." Gardner's Med. Die. 1847. "In surgery, the operation of restoring a dislo cated or fractured bone to its former place." Webster's 4to, Merriam, 1843. Diminution; conquest; subjugation; bringing back to a former state ; to reclaim to order, f Milton." Worcester's Webster, 8vo., 1345. These authorities fully sustain us in the use of the terms, which the Journal attempts to ridicule. " Re ducing constriction," is to restore it to its " natural state," or its ' proper place "cr condition; to "di minish" it; to conquer or subjugate it; tobring it buck; to reclaim it to order, &.c, or. in other words to cure it, if it bo diseased. Now all this may be a "huckleberry above" the Journal's "persimmon;" but that is not our fault. Wo are not responsible because it is a dunce, nor because it is ignorant of the legitimate and proper use of English words, without regard to their medical signification. It can therefore take home to itself the Latin adage which it borrows from the Dictionary of Quotations, for the sake of displaying its pedantry, and when if next goes a wool gathering, let it take care not to go back ehom. "Goddess of luckless dunces ! come not near, To pour thy sleepy letsons on mine ear !" France. and Tu rlicy Funny AtTiiir. Those who remember upon what foolish pretexts some of the bloodiest wars have been wrged amor.g men, will, we trust, read with due sobriety the following particulars of a difficulty which has just sprung up between one of the subjects of President Bonaparte and the Sultan of Turkey, which we find reported at length in the London News. The Valley of Sweet Waters, as it is called, is situated about three miles from Constantinople, and on Friday afternoons, in the spring time of the year, when hearts do lightly turu to love," the dark-eyed beauties cf Turkey may be seen here, gathered in groups under the broad shadow of the great plane-trees that darken tbe crystal waters which glide raurrnuringly on their way to the Golden Horn. The gorgeous colors of their graceful dresses, and the flashing of counties jewels oq tbeir heads and bosoms, as they recline with irresistible grace on cushions of brocade, or damasked satin fringed with gold, present a picture cf loveliness which can only be witnessed by mortal eyes in this enchanted valley. On a little island in the centre of the river is an airy kiosk, and on either side of it the water is made to splash over a marble barrier, and fill into bronze basins, shaped like gigantic shell?. In different parts of the broad waving mend jws, carved and gilded carriages, with bright colored draperies, are drawn up, surrounded, with jealous watchfulness, by the guards of the harem, armed to the teeth. There arrived at this place, about the middlo of June last, a count, of no great distinction in France, but he was rich and travelled with miniature grandeur through the Eust. He was dissatisfied with the present state of things in his native country, and had exiled himself for a time from the salons of Paris, the scenes of so many of bis U nder triumphs. On a recent Friday gathering, our count went to the sweet waters. Besides the usual long waistcoat and blunderbuss-el.iped trousers, that no female heart on the BoulevarJ-de-Grand could resist, l.c carried an opera-glass, the. sceptre of his j former power in the fayer. This latter instrument he managed with captivating grace in staring at the Moslem beautie. It happened whilst he was engaged in this cruel operation of torturing the hearts of these bright-eyed Circtssians, that the carriage of the sultanaValide, who was accompanied by one of the sultan's ris'.ers, stopped close lo where he was standing. Tue opera-glass was instautly levelled at these ladies, who accepted the attention of thi grotesque giaour with a great deal of good humor. Odd people are a kind of privileged class in tbe East, which perhaps accounts for the good-natured condescension of Valide, for, noticing the contortions of the poor count, and the perseverance with which he stared, she sent one of her people to aÄ him for a loan of bis opera-glass. It appears that the laughter of tho sultana and her companion, and of the other ladies in tbe neighborhood, ruffled the temper of our friend, for ho refused the sultana's request. The sultan's mother, outraged in her dignity, ordered her carriage to drive on, and a murmur of anger rose from tlie crowd that remained- Two of tliu sultan's attendants then came up to the count, and, through his valet-de-place, advised him to Bend the opera-fflass after their mistress; but that great man, looking on them wun oratnauc scorn, turuea on lis teel and walked away. The eunichs were furious, and, urged on by the crowd, they fell upon the count and belabored him with tbeir courbashes, (heavy cow hide whip") in a cruel manner. Un peut tout obtenir d tnoi quand on tne prend par let bans moyens," iays Ma6canl!e, when be is thrashed by the chair- . a 4 . - a man. The count seemed to De ot lue same turn ci mind as Moliere's valet, for after being well beaten he mildly gave up tlie opera glass, but added, that he hoped her majesty would take particular care of tt. as it was a souvenir given mm oy a lovely ducness on his departure from Paris. This absurd adventure has now become a grave affair. Tho count has made a formal complaint ( the French ambassador, of Laving been bcateu by the eunichs of the sultan's mother, and the ambassador has demanded satisfaction from the Torte. The ministers of the Porte naturally think that they, and not the French ambassador, have a right to complain of tho insotenco of a French subject, who, contrary t all the rules of society, stares with marked impertinence, iu a public place, at the queen mother, and, when she, in a very sensible and good-natured way, tries to get rid of the annoyance, ofTera her highness an rpeu and public insult. California and Oregon Mails. The United States t.team packet Ohio will ba despatched from tbe port of New York on the 27th August, instant. Mails may be sent to New York, Charleston, South Carolina, and Savannah, Georgia, to bu conveyed by the Ohio, which will sail from New York on the '27'h instant, from Charleston on the SOih, from Savannah i n tlie ,arth