Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 7, Number 50, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 June 1848 — Page 1

To Correspondents. A. P., BuBton, Ind. Can't send without the money ia adrance. The rule U ifflfwatire. Fire Again. The fine tavern building occupied by E. Crowning, of this city, was discovered to be on fire on Thursday twice, which wai extinguished without serious damage; but on yesterday, at noon, another attempt was made to set fire to it with more serious consequences. The fire was applied in the garret, and the flames had made considerable progress before the alarm was given. It was soon put entirely out, though not until much of the furniture in the main building was damaged. We believe a negro servant is suspected of the (.famous deed. Mr. Erowning is partially insured. The engine companies and citizns generally deserve much credit for their prompt discharge of duty. Yucatan. The New York Globe estimates the white population of Yucatan at 500,000 Indians and 50,000 whites, though the latter number is undoubtedly too low. The principal cities in the North and West, are Meridia, (the capital,) Campeachy, and Sisal. These are etill in possession of the whites. The population of lleridia ir probably 20,000, and Cajipeachy about 15,000. Recent accounts represent that as many as 30,000 whites have been massacred, though this too is probably greatly exaggerated. The whites have mostly left the interior and located in towns on ti c sea coast. Campeachy, by late advices was daily threatened with an attack by Indians who were in large numbers near the town. It is stated that the town is well fortified, and could be defended against an immense force, having no artillery . In all the engagements except one, so far as known, the whites have shown themselves cowards, panic

stricken, and have basely tied from their savage pur6ucrp. Though wen will generally fight fur their savage pursuers. Though men will generally fight for. their homes and families, and fight more desperately when it is known that they can expect no quarters from their foe. The ancestors of the Yucatecocs were not so great cowards, and the Indian name had no terrors for them, but their decendants seem to belong to a different race. Without assistance the soil of Yucatan mustrever1 to the possession of its ancient owners. Whether assistance will be rendered, and if it is, by whom we know not. The United States have been urged to render it, ns well on the ground of humanity, as of public policy, which requires that we should prevent some European power from taking possession of the country. Monument to Silas Weight. A meeting was re. cently held at Weybridge, Vt., the native place of Gov. Wright, to consult upon the propriety of raising a monument to his memory in that town. Resolutions were passed to carry out said, object, and a committee of Superintendence appointed. The Albany Atlas says the monument is designed to be set upon the public common, near the cemetery, where lie the remains of Governor Wright's parents and friends, to be constructed of Vermont white marble. The form is to be a plain obelisk, in conformity to a design pre sented by the celebrated architect, Ami B. Young, Esq., of Eoston. The main shaft to be 31 feet 4 inches, the whole height 40 feet. The monument is to stand upon an elevated spot of ground, commanding an extended view of the sur rounding country, overlooking more than twenty towns in the State of Vermont, and the whole country on the west bank of Lake Cham plain in this State, south of Fort Defiance, Ticonderoga, to Splitrock, near Keesville a region of country of more than 40 miles in extent. Wc hope this monument will be speedily built, and that it may be worthy of the noble man whose memory it is to perpetuate. Why can't Indiana build a monument in honor of our lamented Howard ! Iowa all Rigiit. The telegraph report from St, Louis, published eight or ten days ago, stating that Benton, the democratic candidate for superintendent of education, had been defeated b Harlan, fed., turns out to be a rumor. The Iowa Uazette gives the official result thus : Eenton, 1,002; Harlan, 1,045 ; de mocratic majority, 17 ; and remarks : . This, result, though achieved uy a small majority, i not only gratifying to the democracy of the State, but, considering the combined influence of the adverse circumstances under which it was achieved, may be considered, a it really is, a decided victory. Last spring, Mr. Harlan was elected by a majority of 413 votes, over cne oi tue uesi ana aoiest men in our ranks. - New Move. The Cincinnati Gazette is drumming up for a Mass Meeting to be held at Columbus, Ohio, en the 21st of June, under the imposing title of "The I'eople's Convention," the object of which is to form an anti-slave-tcrritory presidential ticket. This will make about four sets of tickets for the coming con test. Go it, old fellow! We can tell you how it will turn out. Thus : 1. Nominations of Baltimore Convention, 185 electoral votes. 2. Nominations of Philadelphia Convention, 105. 3. Abolition nominations, 000! 4. "People's Convention," 000! fj7 The magnetic telegraph is completed to Indianapolis. Good for our "crowing" friends! We shall undoubtedly be under many obligations to them in future (as we have heretofore been) for "latest news" from al! parts of our old Uncle's wide and fast-extending dominions. Jjoamforl Pharos. True, the "telegraph" is here, but it is not of the fast line sort. Sometimes it beats the Rail-Road cars and sometimes it don't. But we assure our Logansport friend, and all other friends, that we will not abate our endeavors to meet their expectations; and if disappointed it shall not be our fault. Q7 Gen. Scott says he cannot receive public de monstrations of regard while laboring under the displeasure of the President ! What affectation ! What humbug ! He wrote this before starting from Mexico. Would it not have been just as modest to have waited until some such thing had been offered him 1 Good. The Dubois Democratic convention has nominated C. R. Edmonston, Esq. as their candidate for Reprefentotive. We are pleased to see such ex cellent selections made by the democrats in every quarter; it is an unmistakable omen of victory! A. G. Deavitt, Esq. lias been nominated by the democracy of Marshall, Fulton and Stark counties, as their candidate for representative. A correspondent assures us that he will be elected by an increased maj rity. (7-Washington county, in Democratic convention, Las nominated Maj. James A. Cravens and William Thompson for the House of Representatives. fjr The whis of Ohio and Switzerland counties have nominated Capt. John Tait, Jr., as their candi date for Representative. Cis and Howap.d. George B. Walker, Eq. is the Democratic candidate fur Representative in these counties. He is opposed by G. W. Elakemore, Esq. John Ewinq, (Old Nokes) announces himself as a candidate for the Senate in Knox county, . Gen. Tatlok is visiting New Orleans and clLcr cities South "on business" no doubt.

JitMtiti

Published crcry Thursday. The Pence Prospects. The different statements in relation to the fate of the treity are very contradictory. Among the latest we give the following from the New Orleans Crescent of the 15th inst: The Franco-Americain of yesterday morning says: We learn from Capt. HolJoway, of the propeller Colonel Stanton, which arrived yesterday from Tampico, that an express reached that city on the 4th inst. bringing the important news that a quorum of Congress had assembled at Querctaro, and was busily engaged upon the treaty of peace which was generally thought would be ratified. We also learn that the ramjjto has broken out at Tampico, and was causingViäny deaths." Although the date of the above news from Queretaro is not stated, we believe it to be authentic, as Tampico is the shortest route from that place. One of our correspondents at Vera Cruz mentions that the yellow fever was prevailing slightly at that place the number of cases being about forty per week. This would seem encouraging, but the following puts quite a different face upon ihe subject. It is from the New Orleans Delta of the 16th inst., one day later : The schooner Velasco arrived last evening from I Vera Cruz, which she left on the 8th May. W learn Horn Lapt. LccKer ot tue velasco, that oeiore lie leu Vera Cruz, it was reported and generally believed there that the Congress at Queretcro had dispersed without acting on the Treaty; and it was universally admitted by all clusoca, Mexicans and Americans, that there would be no peace, but that the Americans would hr ve either to occupy the whole country, or to retire from it entirely. Since writing the above, we have received the Vera Cruz Free American of the 5th inst., for which we are indebted to the polite attention of Mr. Doyle, of the firm of Doyle & Maccorry, merchants, of Vera Cruz. Jt contains no news of importance, but is not the lets acceptable. The Free American speaks intelligently of the conduct of the Mexican authorities, who, it is stated, are doing all they can to humiliate the American citizens in Vera Cruz, and calls on tho Governor to investigate the matter, and sec that justice is done. It seems that since the commencement of the armistice, the Mexican authorities have resorted to all strts of petty annoyances, and, as far as they dare, havedono everything they could to gratify their revengeful feelings. The yellow fever was prevailing slightly at Vera Cruz the number of cases about forty per week. The British man-of-war Elcctra arrived at Vera Cruz on the 4th inst. from Laguna. The Washington Union of the 19th, in contradicting a statement of the Baltimore Argus that letters had been received at the Slate Department from our Commissioners in Mexico to the effect that there would be no peace, says, We understand that no official letters have been recently received from our commissioners, and we can hear of no private letter that has been received from Col. Sevier. The last accounts from Mexico are more favorable for peace. The proclamation of Rosa, who appeals to Congress to assemble to save the " nationality" of Mexico from the consequences of a continued war, a nd the address of Sanchez, a distinguished priest, to persuXe the Church to raise the necessary funds to pay the expenses of the members of Congress on their way to Queretaro ; and the scheme of PeHa y Ptfii to lop off the representatives of California, New Mexico, &.c, and thift reduce the quorum of Congress which may be necessary to ratify the treaty, are so many evidences of the anxiety of the President and the Church for peace. Mr. Madison on the Extension of Territory. We call the attention of those who can seo nothing but evil in en increase of our territory, to the views of Mr. Madison as they are to be found in the Federalist. In the fourteenth number of that work, Mr. Madison says: All that remains within this branch of our enquiries is to take notice of an objection that may be drawn from the great extent of country which our Union embraces. A few observations on this subject will be the more proper as it is perceived that the adversaries of the new constitution are availing themselves of a prevailing prejudice with regard to the practicable sphere of Republican Administration, in order to supply, by imaginary difficulties, the want of those solid objections which they endeavor in vain to find. "The error which limits Republican Govern nent to a narrow district has been unfolded and refuted in preceding papers. I remark here only that it teems to owe its rise and prevalence chiefly to the confounding of a Republic with a Democracy. "As the natural limit of a democracy is the distance from the central point, which will just permit the most remote citizens to assemble as often as their public functions demand, and will include no greater number than will join in those functions, so the na tural limit of a republic is the distance from the centre, which will barely allow the representatives of the people to meet as often as may be necessary for the administration of public affairs." The principle here laid down by Mr. Madison would certainly not exclude any territory that the democratic party is willing to add to this Union. With the increased and increasing facilities for trav elling on this continent, the representatives of the moet distant States and Territories will hp able to attend the sitting of our National Congress. fcVThe senatorial successor of Mr. Commissioner Sevier, Solon Borland, delivered his maiden speech on Monday last, in reply to the four days' scattering effort of Mr. Revcrdy Johnson. It is said thai he rniffit? a very favorable impression as to his talents, aud attainment upon our political friends in Wash ington. He bids wir to prove an important acquisition to the democracy of the Senate. Boston Times. ' 'e are happy to state, that the House of Representatives passed, after 6ome debate yesterday, the bill for paying Mrs. Madison $23.000 for the MSS. of Mr. Madison. It only awaits the signature of the President to become a law. It is a remarkable circumstance that the bill passed on tho anniversary of this lady's birth-day. Washington Union. 07" The New Orleans Commercial Times eays, "there are a great many Mexican curiosities now on exhibition at 95 St. Charles street. Among them is a saddle, captured-Zroin Santa Anna at Tuchla, valued at 0000. It is a magnificent article, heavily ornamented with gold, aud studded with brilliants." Our city for some weeks past has presented quite an animated appearance, in consequence of the Session of the U. S. Circuit Court, the Supreme Court of the State, the Sabbath and Educational Conventions, the Masonic Convention, &c. &c. Many distinguished strangers are yet in the city. 07- The Wisconsin Argus sums up the result of the Wisconis election thus : Legislature G9 democrats; 19 whigs. Aggregate vote democratic majority in the Slate, 5,572; Well done for Wisconsin! Whiggery is bouud to go to tho wall. A veteran Editor dead. The Richmond Whig announces the death of iU senior editor, Mr. Richard II. Toler, aged 49. He has been an editor for 25 years. Twice as much money is spent in Great Britain for alchoholic drinks as for bread. FrN Ahead! See Rockwell & Co'i. circus advertisement.

IINIIANAPOLIS, 03r Our readers will remember the infamous ap-, portionmcnt law of Ohio, passod by the late whig legislature of that Stttc. The Democratic party have firmly taken the stand that there is no apportionment law in cxistance, the one complained of hnjring been passed by the grossest fraud upon the rights of tho democrat minority, and iu violation of the letter and spirit of the constitution of that State.' A State convention was held on the 10th inst., to consider the matter and devise means for successful resistance. From the following article, from the Dayton Empire, it will be seen that the outrage will not be allowed to pa 8 unrebuked : The Stale Convention of the Tenth. We regard this convention as one of the ablest deliberative bodies which ever assembled in Ohio, Among its members were a majority of our strongest and most distinguished poblic men, known and honored all over the State, while all in attendance were leading men in their own respective counties. The deliberations and decisions of such men could not but be prudent aud firm and carry with them immense moral power. Accordingly the convention resolved first that there is now no Apportionment law in existence under which the Legislature can be assembled after the second Tuesday of October next. 2d. That a remedy for the evils consequent upon this state of things, exists in the convening of a special session of the Legislature, to enac! a requisite law ; and a3 peaceloving citizens the convention calls upon the Governor to discharge his constitutional duty. 3d. That if no pecial session be convened, it will become necessary for the Democatic voters of Ohio, "as a measure of protection and self-defence," to appear at the polls in October next, in all their force, and silect as many Senators and Representatives as possible, with the understanding that these Senators and Representatives shall refuse to qualify or take their scats as members. .1 State Convention is" also provided for to assemble at Columbus on the first Monday in December next, for the purpose of devising measures to secure the ac tion of the whole people on the subject of a new Con stitution. The fifth resolution proposes the appoint ment of a Committee of Public Safett, to- consist of twenty-one members, being one from each Congressional district. 1 he course of action thus adopted by the Convention, it will be seen, is identically that first proposed in this county, immediately upon the adjournment of the Legislature, and which we have all along urged as the most prudent, practicable and decisive. We have no manner of doubt of its triumph. Whether the doctrine of "Dorrism" be right or wrong, that question cannot arie now. We stand behind an impregnable bulwark. AU that is proposed is a legitimate and unavoidable deduction from the first leading position a position we think not to be gainsaid, that we have now no Apportionment Law. If this be true, and none is enacted at a special session to ,be convened prior to the second Tuesday of October, there is no escape from the conclusions at which the Convention arrived. . Starting out with this proposition, the course recommended is evidently safe and practicable. We contemplate no violence. It is folly to talk of bayonets and bloodshed. We propose a masterly inactivity only. We propose simply to fold our arms, 6tand by and see if the whig party can car ry on this government without our co-operation. If they can, so let it be. If not, that co-operation must be had on j äst and fair terms only. The madness and opposition which ruled the hour in the last session of the Legislature, must be laid aside. Lv- n minorities have rights in a republic, and those rights must be respected. It is idle to remind us that the majority have a riht to govern. Hue is only a political, not a national right. It cannot be exercised to the subversion of the natural rights of man. Neither yet has it any existence whatever ; except in subordina tion to the restrictions imposed by the social aud con Etitutional -compact. wnerever the conditions on which alone the acquiescence of minorities is pledged or contracted for, are broken, that acquiecscnce ceases to be of any the ihghtest obligation. Inasmuch, therefore, as the Apportionment L'ill, which the whig party have filed away in the office of thp Secretary of State, did not pass through those lorms which are the sole conditions on which the citizens '.of this State have agreed that a bill can obtain the force and cGect of law, to acquiesce or obedience to which they have bound themselves, it is of no obligation whatever. The moment the majority attempted to set aside or transcend these constitutional and parliamentary conditions, they passed from a legislative body to an unorganized mob usurping legislative power. Hence resistance, becomes a solemn duty. It is compli ance, we repeat, with the conditions of the com pact-, which alone givesjhe vitality and force of law to that which however clothed with the force of a law, otherwise would be of no more obligation than so much scribbled parchment. Firmness, calmness, a nd solemn determination char acterized the proceedings of the Convention. No egi-dative assembly ever preserved greater solcmnitv, order and decorum. Such, then, having been the character of its pro ceedings, and such the result of its deliberations, ar rived at with such overwhelming unanimity, we trust that tho wlrig party in Ohio will at length learn that we are in sober earnest in our determination to resist Ihn miserable apportionment scheme which they false ly call a law. I heir hopes at first were that no con vention could be assembled. Disappointed iu this, they deemed next that it would end in a farce or a riot and quarrel. Failing signally in this ahto, they may next trust that the masses of the party will not sustain the Convention. A vain reliance more futile than the others. The masses arc rather in advance of than behind the Convention. Let the whig party then know of a truth what we mean and Jet tliem retrace their step?, or prepare for that which must follow. The peaceful remedy is in their own hands, and on ihem rests ttie responsibility, we will uejnn no vio lence, but violence if begun, wc mean most solemnly tu resist. We are happy to observe in the Ohio Stale Jnur nal, the central whig organ, a disposition at length to reat tins as a serious movement, that which it at first affected to sneer at as a farce, it has now discov ered to be rank treason. Change of a Gallant Officer, late a Whig. The "Jelferson (Missouri) Metropolitan" of the 9th instant gives us the following account of the present politics r bearings of the distinguished Doniphan: Another screw loose. We learu, from a reliable source, that Col. A. . Doniphan has refused to act upon the whig elector! ticket of this State. This in formation we have in a private comm-Vhication, and from tho Platte Argus. Every luvest his country will applaude the manly and patriotic course of Col. Doniphan in withdrawing himself from all connexion with n pnrty that has unceasingly denounced the war with Mexico, and thi!3 furnished aid and comfort to the fi.erny ; which he, at the head of the Missouri boys, gloriously thrashed at Sacramento. The whigs of Missouri, in the vain hope of decoying unwary democrats from their party fidelity, eagerly caught at the name cf General Taylor as the most available man iu their ranks for the office of President. They met in convention at Eooneviilc, and passed resolutions in his favor alter the fashion of the modern "sponta neons combustion ' party. rreenlly, the great "em bod i men t" signifies his intention to go before the great Sanhedrim of whiggery at Philadelphia in June next, and the friends of poor old Zack begin to desert his cause, like rats forsake a sinking ship. Mitche declines the nomination for Lieut. Governor, and the Republican, afier being soundly drubbed by his old Clay friends for his temerity in advocating the claim of Taylor, begs pardon, and cries out "All's well,' and, in substance, that he is ready to vate for any body, if his quondam friend will only make the mat ter up aud say nothing about his tergiversation I hough the whig blate convention voted instruction in favor of Taylor, Die whig papers cf the State have generally declined to announce Ins name. Ihey are waiting to catch the most popular breeze. Toor tfcbiggery ! its own folly and inconsistency have made it so contemptible .in Missouri, that even whigs are now unwilling to do it reverence.

JUNE 1, 1848.

For the Indiana Statt Sentinel. Lnfayctte ami Ijuliaiinpolls ltailrond. No. IV. RELATIONS TO THE MAD1SOX AND INDIANAFOL18 RAILROAD CONCLUSION. If any of those who were prominent agents throughout the history of the Madison and Indianapolis railroad, in obtaining for that work it final construction to the capital shall have honored these previous discussions with their attention, they have doubtless come to them under a strong impression of the discouragements, obstacle?, embarrassments and difficulties which they encountered in their noble enterprise. A noble enterprise it has been not indeed for the great length hitherto of the work, but for its importance as a pioneer in the hands of a company, for the successful issues in the face of impediments, and for the character and credit which those issues have given abroad to tho State of Indiana. The men who have executed these beneficial objects and ends will hardly be themselves aware how comparatively easy it now must be for others to compass a second project of no greater intrinsic labor than theirs, lauuehing and floating it on the tide they have raised. Ey a law of human progress every successful enterprise seeks to spread or extend itself. In the instance of railroads, a very marked reason for such an extension may be pointed out. Suppose an existing roud to be doubled in length through a region of like richness and population for both eections ; and suppose the outward "Wind freight all tending to the same extremity ns before the extension. In the esti mate of increased income two obvious reasons pre sent themselves: first, twice the freight uow enters the road, and, second, the mass, considered together, s transported over twice the length. Whence it folovvs that the amount of receipts for the double length is quadrupled, and, on tho original or first constructed section, is trippled. Lut in the case of our contem plated extension as Lafayette will divide with Mad ison we will suppose that division equal; which supposition seems too favorable to Lafayette. Rut, even thu9, the receipts upon the Madison and Indianapolis road would be doubled, or nearly 60. In all this the local business only has been taken into account. The long travel attracted by the new channel is an additional item of some importance. What shall we say then 13 it not to be exDected that the stockholders of that work will be willing and anxious to forward the construction of this 1 If, by supplying to us a subscription large enough to cover the cost of engines, cars and other equipments, they can obtain, three years earlier than is otherwise to be expected, the great addition of receipts, will they do ess than to that moderate amount! I touch this point with great deference to those who have charge of the affairs of that company. They will do what, to themselves shall appear judicious. But, reasoning on the ordinary principles that influence mankind, and judging from the merits of the case itself, does it appear over-sanguine to presume that if, from other sources, the complete road-bed and track are provided, the Jnadison and Indianapolis railroad company will supply means to operate the road so constructed 1 Other roads, under the same circumstances, it should be observed, have taken the entire burden of supply ing or finding pecuniary supplies for their entire extension : in the present instance not more than a fifth or sixth part of that burden will be requisite. Nor should it be omitted, in tins connexion, that the reflex operation of the Btep proposed, as between the stockholders and the public, might be eminently favorable; since so .distinct a manifestation 'and nroof a that the prosperous revenues of the Erst were contributing to perfect and advance the instruments of prosperity to the second would be a happiness to both and strengthen the bond of favor between them. For the funds required to do more than barely put the road into operation application would be made at the East. It adniits not of a question that a road of this profit able character, which in its true aspect, not less than by its charter, is "the extension of the Madison aud Indianapolis Railroad," after it shall have received, here at home, all the pecuniary countenance which this community may be justly expected to bestow can obtain, most readily, abroad the 150,000 additional which may be necessary or convenient. It only remains to present the contrast between an execution in two years, as above set forth, and a lingering progress through five years. For brevity, these may be given in figures with the remark that the reader, aller giving what weight he thinks proper to the opinions thus prevented, can, if he please, correct litem by his own. Correct them as he may. enough remains for the present purpose enough to evince the urgency with which the subject ought to be pressed on all, whether citizens, stockholders, or landholders, whose in wrests are at stake. The following is, therefore, offered as a tolerable approximation to the losses loss of what might be gained consequent upon the tardy policy of a five years course of construction instead of two, viz: MADISON & INDIANAPOLIS RAILIIOAD CO. Curtailment of profits 3 years, $75,000 S75.000 LAFAYETTE &, INDIANAPOLIS RAILROAD CO. Curtailment of profits aver age two years, - - Ä30.0C0 Depreciation of work by piecemeal construction and operation, - 85,000 Loss of premium on stocks transteircd to second holders, ... - 40,000 205,000 LANDHOLDERS BETWEEN INDI ANAPOLIS & LAFAYETTE. Loss in three vn ars advance on produce of 3,000 to 4,000 farms, - - &G00.O0O Loss ihrce years permanent advance on value of 500,000 acres, - ' - - 750,000 1,850,000 Total loss to stockholders and the pub lic not including trade and real estate of the cities, - - gl, 630,000 of dollars and It this ONE AND A HALF MILLIONS over, or any considerable fraction of i,muit be sacri ficed for want of present ability to execute what will cost, all told, les than half the amount, we could only express a due resignation in view of that necessity. But, in leaving this subject, we take occa sion to reiterate our dissent from such an estimate of the ability, or the disposition of the three cities on the route, ard the twelve thousand sturdy working men along its northern section. A. C. T. May 21,1643. A New Rival. When we 6ujrire6ted that the whigs would find in the dethroned Louis Phillippe of France, who is expected in this cpuntry, a congenial spirit for their support to the Presidency, wo did not suppose that the suggestion would so soon take hold of the whig fancy, if for no oilier reason than indiscreet policy. Rut the idea is entertained. 'The Richmond (Va.) Whig, hostile to Clay on the plea of his availability, suggested General Scott for the "compromise"' nominee, and proceeded to remark ; "Next to Louis Phillippe, Gen. Scott's position is the most remarkable and ultraclite of any living man. "First, dethroned Royalty next"Fussand Feathers." For Vice President, Canales. Ohio Efgle. DisTiNGütstiED Arrival. A small Alligator, measuring some three f et, mnde its appearance in tho river just below the Marine Railway, on yesterday morning. His reception, however, was not of that soul cheering character usually accorded distinguished characters. Mr. George Lenon, regarding the visit not in tho spirit of a true friend, deliberately levelled hh rifle at a vital part of his Alligatorship, fired, the ball taking effect which put an end to his further migration. How this animal could have mada its way to this latitude, or on what mission is a question yet involved in mystery. N. A. Bui. (rThe Governor of Arkansas has appointed Wm. K. Sebastian to fill tho vacancy of the late Chester Ashley in the U. S. Senate.

Volume VII:::::::r.Num1)cr 50. For the Sentinel Free Schools, IV o. 2. Mes?ks. Editoih: As my füend LiboityM scemi to de ine that I sboull answer his sreond aittcle, bich apprtrs in your paper of tl ihe 1 1 :h in t., I most beg the indulgence of yourself and leaders, while 1 give him a few thoughts by way of irpty. First Iben, I shall not attempt to show him "that it is just ic exoil from the laborer and bestow it on the indolent;" neither will I tell bim that we bavs no designing roe a among us but I will give Mm the reasoning of one of the heroe and patiiots of Ihe American Revolution, whose life and deeds will surely screen him from the imputation of sinister de- . signs in the premies. 4 j The extract, the reader will see, is part f the last eonvernation held between Geo. Maiion, of South Carolina, and his friend and biograpliei Gen. Hoovy. Gen. Hoovy had just expressed a fear that the Legislature would "'look to their populaiity, and diead the expense" of a free school jstem. Marion replies, "God preserve our legislature ftom such "penny vit and pound foolishness What sir Keep a notion in ignorance, rather than vote a little of their own money for education ! Only let such politicians remember, what poorCaiolina has already lot through her ignorance. What was it that btouebt the British, last war, to Caiolina, but her lack of knowledge? Had the people been enlight ened, they would have been united; and had they been uni ted, ihey never would have been attacked a second time ny the Biitih. For after that drubbing they got from ns, at Fort Motiluie, in I77G, they would as soon have attacked the Devil, as have attacked Carolina again, had they not herd that they weie "a house divided against itself i or in other woids, had amorgt us a great number of Tories; men, who through meie ignorance were disaffected to the cause vl liDrly, and ready to joiu Ihe urittsu againt their own coun'.iymen. Thus ignorance begat toivfcm, and tnry ism bezat losses in Carolina, of which few have any idea. "According tu I lie best accounts, Ameuc pent in the last war, Revolution seventy millions of dolljis, which divided among the states according to their population, gives to Carolina about eisbt millions 1 making, as the war lasted eight years, a million a year. Kov,iiis generally believed, the Biitisb, after their loss of Burgoyne and their fine noithcrn army, would soon bare given up the contest, bad it not I eeo for the foot-hold thry got in Carolina, which piotracted the war at least two years longer. And as this two yens' ruin ous war in Carolina, was owing to tbe encouragement the enemy got there, and that encouragement to toryism.and that toryism to ignorance, ignorance may Tatrly be debited to two millions of loss to Carolina. Well, in those two extra veais of 1 ory-b gotten war.Carolina lost, at least four thousand men; and among them a Laurens, a Williams, a Campbell, a llaynes, and many others, whose woitb, not the gold of Ophir conld value. Lut rated at tbe price at which the prince of Hesse Sold his pes pie to George III to shoot the Amciicans, say thiity poundi stoiliug a head, 01 one hundred and fifty dollars, they make six handled thousand dollars. Then count the 25,0OO slaves which Carolina certainly lost; and each slave at Ihe moderate price of $300, and you have $7,500,000. 10 this add the bouses, barns and Mables that weie burnt, and plate plutideied ; the furnituie lost; the bog, sheep and homed cattle killed: tbe lice, corn and other crops destroyed, and they amount, at the most moderate calculation, 10 $,5,000,000. Now, to say nothing of these losses, which cannot be rated by dollars and rents, such as the destruction of morals and the distrait ion of childless parents and widows, but counting those only that are of the plainest calculations, such as, ' 1st CaroliuVs o in the extia two year's wsr, $2,000,000. 2nd For her 4,000 citizens slain iu that lime, 600,000. 3rd For 25,000 slaves lost, 7,500,000. 4th For builJings, furniture,- cattle, gtain &c. &c. destroyed, 5,000,000. 15,100,000 Making the enormous sum of fifteen million and oM dollars capital 1 and bearing an interest of neaily ten thousand dollars beside! And all thi for lack of a few free schools, which would have cost tbe Stale a mere nothing." Life of Marion, jp. 240-242. - Here is a plain, common-sene, view of this matter, from one who bote a conspicuous part in hammaring out our liberties upon the Revolutionary anvil ; and that bis views are substantially correct, in charging this immense sacrifice of blood and tieasuie, to the lack of education among the poor Carolinians, listen to another short extract sjom the same conversation. v" "But if it be melancholy to think of go fany elegant houes, rich furniture, fat cattle, and piecious crops, destroyed for want of that patiiotism which a tiue knowledge of our interests wonld have inspired; Iben how much more melancholy to think of those torrents of piecious blood that were shed, those cruel slaughters and massacies, that took place among the citizens fiom the same cause ! As proof that such hellish tragedies would never have been acted, had our state but been enlightened, only let us look at the people of New England. From Britain, their fathers had fled to America for religion's sake. Religion had taught them that God cteated men to be happy j that to be happy ihey must have virtue t that virtue is not to be attained without knowledge, nor know ledge w iihout intsruction,vot public instruction without free schools, not fiee schools without legislative order. "Among a people who fear God, Ihe knowledge of duty is the same as doing it. Believing it to be the first command of God, "let theie be light;" aud believing it to be the will of God that "all should be inst meted, from tbe least to the greatest," those wi?e legislators at once set about public iotiuctiou. They did not ask, how will my constituents like this? Wont tbey turn me out ? Shall I not lose my tbtee dollars per day No ! but fully persuaded that public instruction is God' will, because Ihe people's good, they set about it, like Hue friends of tbe people. M.Now mark the happy consequence. When the warbroke out, you heard of no division in New England, do toryism, nor any of its hrrrid effects; no houses iu flames, kindled by the hands of fellow citizens, no neighbois waylaying and shooting iheir neighbors, plundering their property, carrying off their stock, and aiding the British in the cursrd wuik of American muider and subjugation. But on the conti aiy, with minds well informed of their tights, and hearts glowing with love for themselves and postriity, they rose up against the enemy, fum siidj united, as a band of shepheids against the tavenii g wolves. And their valor ia tbe field lave gloiious pi oof how men will fight when Ihey know that their all is at stake. See Msjor Pitcaireo, on tbe memorable I9:h of April, 1775, marching ftom Boston, with one thousand British regulars, to burn the American slot es at Concoid. Though this heioic excursion was commenced urvder cover of tbe night, the fanners soon took the alarm, and gatheiing around them with their fowling pieces, preuntly knocked down one fourt i of their number, and caused the rest to run, as if, like the swine io tbe gospel, they bad a legion of devils at their backt. MNow with sonowfol ej es, let us turn to our own State, where no pains were ever taken to enlighten the minds of the poor. Theie we have seen a people naiuially ss btave as the New Engländers, for mere lack of knowledge of their blessings possessed, of the dangers threatened, suffer Lord Cornwallis, wilh only sixieeu hundred men, to chase General Greece upwards of three hundred miles! In fact, to scout him through the to great States of South and North Carolina as far as Guilford Court-house! Aud, wheie Greene, j ined at that place by two thousand poor illiteiate Militiamen, determined at length to light, what did he gain by them, with all Iheir number, but disappointment and disgrace? For, though posted very advantageously behind the com field fences, they could not stand a single fite ftom the British-, but iupite of their officers, broke and fled like base born slaves, leaving their loaded muskets stickiog in the fence coi re is." ibid pp. 243-245. The above extracts, though somewhat long, I trust will be lead, and attentively cousideied, by every lover of his country, before he casts his vote agaiut tbe principle cf public instruction. Let him also contrast the condition, physical, moral and intellectual of tho'e communities wheie poblic insti action has prevailed long enough to foim the character of the people, and of others, where Ihey have not enjoyed this advantage. Let him view the wondeiful advances made in useful arts as well as "Yankee nations" by tbe "universal Yankee nation;" and, manage our fiieitd's questions touching the patriotism and honesty or the eastern people, I am sure they will not suffer by the comparison. I have not declared, neither do I think "that it is illogical reasoning to chaige aty ttiio to the clergy but I do insist, that my friend' reasoning was illogical t that by disseminating useful knowledge (not sectarisn tradition, either papit or pioiejtmt,) the people will Le made a mote easy piey to the designing cleigy ! I still Insist that ignorance is the soil in which pi testcraft flout ishes most mccesi-fully-jpiat it is the uneducated masses that enable a designing priCvihood to "make their living olT of the laboring clashes." My friend seems to be nndcf the imptessioB that the CLKKGY, and Ihey ouly, are the authors and finisheti of this school ryktem ; and that none but the designing ones are in favor of it. Now peimitme to in foim him, and every one like minded uriih him, that tbey are altogether mistaken in this paiticular. That, compared with the gieat mass of its fiiendi and advocates, , the clergymen engaged, foim a very iticn$iJeiable pait of that mass. And as my fiiend admits that among them (the clergy) aie men worthy of double houor," I will assume that it is Ibis worthy portion of the priesthood, and nut the desigoing ones that aie eugigcd in this scheme. He sys it has lecelved a fictitious name; that "it cannot ia truth be called a ftec school as loug as one teloctant tax payer is f.uced to pay." I answei ; by the same icasoning, fur happy and glotiout republic, cannot in truth be called a free government, so long as one reluctant tax payer is forCtd to pay for its suppoit. The one is just as good (aud hp better) aa argument than the other. But this article is growing too long, I fear; I must Ibeiefore bring it to a !oe. Should our fiiend think ptoper to Wiite aain, and I can be f voted still with the lioetty of your cclunit:!, I miy, io a. future No. notice our fiiend's Vjust plau" aud some other malUrs, which 1 have not room for In all kindness lo "Liberty," and evety body else, I remain . A TAX TAYING FARMER. , Ma Bio Couirrf, May 21, 1S43. Q7 In DutTalo a nan is fined twenly-five dollars if he creels a buil-ir J without ssttinj thado trees ia fr.nt it. ' J

of the British arcrenceTani1!", eni1 nnuaI sentative from Canada. t?,e P"cntatir Dr. Tierce, representative of the Meu.k reprepal Church South, made enquiry by letter viv, would be received by the Conference in his oHkiaTV. pacity, and if that body would fraturnize with the" bodj be represented. The Conference repponded, tendering to the Doctor all personal courtesies, with an invitation to attend the sessions, but declining to enter into fraternal relations with the southern church, yet not debarring any propositions which Dr. Tierce might be authorized to make, touching the Fettlement

of existing difficulties. The business of the Conference lias been transacted with great harmony. Amono; other important mat ters it has had under consideratiou tho propriety 01 an additional organization, to be called the Orejrou and California Mission Conference. We have no. noticed the result. Cin. Enq. Louis PuiLurrE. The London Times in comment ing upon the statements cf a French journal concern ing the private fortune of Louis Thillippe, says: "We believe that the reports of tbe Count de Neuilly's (Louis Phillippe) investments here, are entirely fictitious. He lives at Claremont, in a state of almost penury, denying himnelf even those small luxuries which had become all but necessaries from long use to a man of Isis time of life; even with tbe most rigid economy, however, it is 6aidthat his income is still insufficient fur his maintenance, and that in a year or two, if he survives so long, he will be completely destitute, ft can, however, scarcely be the intention of the French government to sequestrate the friiale property not only of the ex-King, but of his whole family. The dowers of l'.i sous' wives are said to be almost entirely invested either in French funds, or in land in France, and whatever claim the nation may have upon the Royal estates, it can by no proceeds thit we are aware of, be extended to property thus acquired." We believe the above statement as to Louis Phillippe's poverty to be all pretence. There ia an object in it, however. The Bribeet Cuauge against Generai. Scott.In the special correspondence of the N. O. Picayune from the city of Mexico, and bearing date April 17th, is an allusion to a charge against Gen. Scott, which it is rumored in the army, is to be inquired into by the Court by direction of tho War Department. This is doubtless true. Thy alleged offence was an attempt to bribe Santa Anna not lo oppose the entrance of our army into the Mexican capital, or to make a treaiy with u, which, from the manner in which it was to have been obtained, would not be worth a straw. It is said in military circles at Washington, that on finJing allusion to this bribery casein the newspapers, the Executive caused them to be transmitted to Gen. Scott with a letter, saying that it was due to himself, the Government and the service, that the matter should be promptly investigated. Circular letters are said to have been addressed to the General officers for information on the subject matter. If the impression prevailing at the 6eat of government be correct, the replies to Jhis circular can leave no doubt of the fact that Gen. Scott did make the effort to bribe Santa Anna. As deeply as this is to be regretted, it is but due to the Execut.ve, the War Department, and the officers who in council took ground against it, that the responsibility should rest wholly on the shoulders of Gen. Scott and his especial advisers. N. Y. True Sun. The New Yohk Tribune on Despatches. Tho editor- of this staunch Clay journal is not inclined to be "done" in the Philadelphia Convention afler the "Virginia lightning" fashion. Hear him: One word, now, to tbe manufacturers of 'false lightning. Gentlemen, we give you fair notice that any telegraphic report that may reach Philadelphia on the 6th, 7th, or 8th rf June next, that Mr. Clay has reconsidered his decision, and declined, after all, or that he has fallen and broken his neck, or died very suddenly in a fit, or aDj similar product of your fertile powers of invention, will not be believed. We wish you to receive this notice as decisive, and not sweat your brains to achieve any such combination or collusion of despatches as, in connexion with a tifnely wire-breaking, may force belief on the most unwilling minds. Any such demonstration, however well planned, and even though 'got up (like a modern mermaid) at an enormous expense, will prove a decided failure, and a positive waste of ingenuity." ßj'cA. Enq. Sensible. Gen. Taylor, the Eaton Rouge Advocate says, has doffed the military cap, and taken to wearing a broad-brimmed, Quaker-looking beaver. His drcfts, out and out, is now that of a plain country gentlemen. Some of the young aspirants for military honors, who have recently returned from Mexico, should take a hint from the example of this one of their great captains. We are not particular about their dressing like b Quaker, but they should at least look something like a Christian. One would suppose . from the multitude of mustachios and military coats about that the United States had been invaded by Mexico. The Prixce de Joiwille. Just before taking his recent departure from Algiers, the Prince de JoinvilTe wes called upon by the Abbe Coquereao, who dm . a a aat . came to lake leave ot tum. "wen, said the prince, af'iet a little conversation, "adieu, father; and, perhaps, for the last time here .'" "Why, at can you mean by that!" inquired the priest, surprised by the earnestness cf his manner. "Oh ! said the nnce, with the frank energy of a sailor, "those Telbws are making so many blunders in their politics. that we fhnll be driven from France before long - even more disgracefully than Charlcc the Tenth !" It was doubtless for expressing these clear sighted prognostication too freely to his royal father, that the prince was just then ordered off, rather unexpectedly, to Algiers. Telegraph: Profits. The profits of the New York and Washington Telegraph Company are reported to amount to si'XX) per month. 1 be Thiladelplua Ledg er says the Western Telegraph Company is, however, doing a better business than this. Ihe receipts ct the office in this city during the month of March, leave a balance of A1000 to the credit of the compa ny, afler paying all the expenses incident to main taining the office. The receipts at Pittsburg and at the intermediate ofUccs along the line, after paying all their expenses, leat-e a balance of $1000, making the whole profits during the past month to amount to $2000. Yicksburg Sentinel. " I never was in the halls of Congress," said Miss Smix, " but from the papers I understand that the members are a wild set (ail men are, for that matter.) I supposed they thumped the desks a good deal, (a very bad practice in school,) yet I presumed they let the floor alone, until I read yesterday that when Mr. Benton had finished his speech, Mr. Underwuod secured the floor. Ho is a carpenter, I judge, nick named Lndervood." A Female Convict. Elizabeth Baibour was tried week before last, at the Terry, Ia., Circuit Court, Judge Lockhart presiding upon an indictment ! r mixing poison with drink, and administering it to Mis Nancy M'GutTey, with intent to kill. Tho defendant was found guilty, and sentenced o two years confinement in the Prison. The poison used was corrosive sublimate.We learn that Mrs. Elizabeth is the only fe male confined in our State Triaon. EcansiiXe Journal. 'If you can't stand before the truth you must fall, as the'maii said when he knocked his wife down With the bible. Diei At Plymouth, Ind., on the 15th inst., Mrs. Eliza A., wife of A. G. Deavitt, Eq., aged 31 yew. Business of the Madison and Indianapolis liaüroai Company, for the week enJing May 20, 11S. OtJTWASn. 582 pasjencet 33 bil moUnwi 71 So whisky 1 60 do U j 8 da oil t 4 do tar t 7 do vinff ar j 5 do cemenrt 10 kegt powder 15 butheli col 7 flougti j 4 fan mills t 9 emry bhds j 222,827 Ibt. other freight.. Ikwakd -504 panengeri 1 30 harte 955 bnj 3v, 3 dourdt 1,200 buihete wheat j S37 d at t 721 no torn 1 5S2 da corn me) I 1 do ted 10 kef lird 1 70,1 OJ (vet lumber t 15000 tare SO cdrdi wood 1 7 toi'i bay ; ö L.d, cttle t 1 lofjyi 1 37 fchCi bacon j 52,274 C bcon u Ul. j 2t;,4C5( otL.r f.e;"bt