Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 7, Number 41, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 March 1848 — Page 2

3taMatta State gaitmcl. KTEBNAL TIOILAKCC 1 THE FBICE OF L1BEBTT.

I x nuArous, .tiikui 30. is is. Our T-. The following will hereafter be the permanent terms of the Weekly Indiana State Sentinel: ftfr'Pay ments to be made always in advance. One copy, one year, Three copies, one year, ?ive copies, one year, Ten copies, one year, Twenty copies, one year, ftO.OO .. 5.00 8.00 ..15.00 ..20.00 Semi-Weekly. (Published three times a week during the session.) One copy........ $1.00 Three copies, $10.00 One copy during the session, 1.00 QSee first page Semi-Weekly. PREÜIUOTIAL ELECTORS. ICil AT0BIAL. R0BKRT DALE OWLtf. of Posey County. EBE.NEZER M. CHAMBERLAIN, of Elkhart county. Disraicr. 1. NATHANIEL ALBERTON, of Hitriion county. 2. CYRUS L. DUNHAM, of Washington county. 3. WILLIAM M. MrCARTY, of Fraoklin eoamty. 4. CHARLES II. TEST, of Wayne county. 5. JAMES RITCHEY, of Johnson county. 6. GEORGE V. CA RR, of Lawrence cwuoty. 7. HENRY SECREST, of Putnam county. 8. DANIEL MACE, of Tippecanoe county. 9. GRAHAM N. FITCH, of Cass county. 10. ANDREW J. HARLAN, of Grant county. Democratic State Central Committee. LIVINGSTON DUN LAP, DAVID REYNOLDS, JAMES P. DRAKE, GEO. A. CHAPMAN, E. N. SHIMER, WM. SULLIVAN, CHARLES MAYER. Democratic County Committee. Centre J. P. CHAPMAN, S. W. NORRIS, POWELL BOW LAND. Decatur D. L McFARLAND. Franklin JACOB SPRINGER. Lawrtace J. PERRY, Sau Perry H. P. TODD. Pike ADAM WRIGHT. Warren E. N. SHIMER. Washington ELIJAH JAMES. Wayne JAMES JOHNSON. fJ7"The County Democratic Committee, at their meeting on Saturday last, adjourned to meet again on Saturday, the blh day of April. It is hoped that there may be a full and punctual attendance. The Lour of the meeting is 10 o'clock, A. M. 2w Another Letter. Our neighbor of the Journal has, we understand, a letter from Gen. Taylor, in reply to one he wrote to him. Why has he not published it ? -It is cautiously worded, as we have heard. Perhaps the "signs of the times," which show so strongly in avor of Henry Clay, prevents our neighbor from giving this letter, as its publication would injure his "chances," should Mr. Clay bo nominated. Will he give it to his readers ! Hall of Representatives, March 15, 1S43. Gentlemen: lam desired by the Commissioner of Patents to procure a list of the Agricultural Societies, Farmer's Clubs or other Industrial Associations, within my district, to the end that he may correspond with them in reference to the statistics of crops, &c, I avail myself of your columns, to invite every such association, within my district, to report themselves to me, together with the address of tneir president or secretary, at an early day at least during the present session. Such as report themselves though formed hereafter will be recognized and receive annually a copy of the Patent office report, while the same may continue to be published. I am gentlemen, very respectfully, W. V. WICK. The preis of the district, please insert the above. W. W. W. " Cr We publish to-day the Governor's "veto of the bill allowing the claim of . L. &. J. Beard of Lafayette. We think he shows conclusively that if the principle of the bill is extended to all similar cases, the cost to the tax-paying people of Indiana, would amount to some $1,300,000 certainly one million! Read it! We think also, that when the "Butler Bill" was finally passed, the people expected that no further - claims were to be brought against them, on account cf the internal improvement system. They did hope that that business was at last disposed of, and that if there remained any canal claims, the bondholders or trustees to whom the canal has been transferred, should satisfy them. But they will find themselves mistaken; for the bill allowing the above claim a claim, seven years old was passed over the Governor' veto objections and all by the Legislature. .As the fence is now broken down, look out for more stray animals. CO-As an evidence how easily the Legislature is imposed upon, we call attention to the fact that Mr. W. J. Ball authorizes an explicit denial of the state--ment in the preamble to the Beard Bill that he ever encouraged the Beards to go on with their contract under the expectation that the State would pay them in par funds. He also declares his disbelief that the Beards received the scrip under protest as stated in that preamble ! 0- "What inference do you draw when you see a man who is not a candidate for office before the Legislature, treating members, and many too whom he has never seen before, to oyster suppers 1" "Why I should say he had a claim before them." "Weil you are smart; but if the claim is a fair one, surely they would vote for it without an oyster supper ! "Oh ! he knows that very well, and that is the very reason he gives the supper it is not a fair one." ' "Well, do you suppose that any member would vote for a bad or dishonest claim for the sake of an oyster supper 1 Do you suppose he would tax the pockets of his constituents, the very men who were Lis friends in time of need and honored him with an office, would he tax them with an unjust claim for the sake of an oyster supper ?" I don't say that ; I only say that the claimant thinks so." "Then it seems you don't think a claimant compliments a member much in treating him to an oyster -supp-r while his bill is squeezing along!" "No sir. I do not. He evidently thinks his stomach is a stronger principle with him than his gratide or his conscience." rW have read of a judge to whom a party in -a suit before him, sent a present of some fine venison, just before the case was decided. The judge immediately returned the venison to the giver, with the declaration that he could not receive it; that if be should find the justice of the suit with him and decide in his favor, it might be attributed to the venison, and that every person in a public station, who is more or leas looked to as an example, should avoid even the appearance of evil. Terre Haute and Richmond Railroad. We copy from the Wabash Express, its excellent synopsis of Col. Morris's report on the surveyed route from rlh city to Terre Haute. It is worthy of close ex. mmination and attention. The "Locofoco confab," as published in the last Journal, is one of the Hattest attempts at wit which we have ever seen. It is only a soft hotch-potch of Urne whig newspaper lies, and is only worth laugh iag at for its stupidity.

Veto of the Dill for the relief" of Jesse Heard, und Ullas L.. lieartl. To the Senate: Gentlemen : The bill which originated in your body, entitled "An net for the relief of Jesse Beard and Elias L. Beard," is herewith returnrd. My denature to it has been withheld for the following reasons: The preamble states that one Joseph Rener entered into a contract n the 7th of June, 1339, with the Board of Internal Improvement, for the construction of section five of the Wabash and Erie CanI that Rener, with the assent of tho acting commissioner of the canal, transferred the contract to the Messrs. Beards that by the contract, the State was bound to pay for the work in par funds, and that the Beards undertook it under that expectation that under the general suspension, their work was stopped that on the resumption of the work, they, by the advice of William J. Ball, engineer of the canal, prosecuted it under the expectation that the State would comply with the contract and that the State having no par funds, the Beards received all their pay in canal scrip, which had become depreciated. The bill then requires that the 'Governor shall appoint a commissioner to try the claim, who shall appoint a day for the commencement of the trial in Lafayette that he shall swear witnesses, and examine them touching the matters to be investigated that the Governor shall appoint a person to act as counsel for the State on the investigation, the amount of whose fee shall be fixed by the decision of the commissioner that upon the commissioner awarding a sum against the State, and in favor of the claimants, he shall certify to the Auditor of State, and the Treasurer shall pay it. An appeal is allowed to the circuit court, or to the newly organized court of common pleas of Tippecanoe county. Stripped of all irrelevant matter, the complaint in brief is, that the contractors found the State unable, in consequence of her prostrate credit, to pay them for their work in par funds, as required by their contract that instead of abandoning it, and giving the Slate an opportunity of employing others, as they might have done, they went on and finished it, received the State's promissory notes for the amount, and passed them away, while the State has since either taken them up at par, or has made ample provision for doing so. And now the question is, shall the State, besides redeeming her paper at its face, and according to its terms, be required to pay the contractors the loss they sustained by bargaining it away at less than par ! Is an individual debtor require1 by law to do so ? And if not, ought the State, struggling as she now is to pay her debts, to be held to a stricter rule ! Surely not ; for the receiving the scrip under protest even if made a protest made to a State oiEcer, who could not change his course in consequence, but was compelled by law to pay it over, protest or no protest, cannot alter the case. Nor can the advice of Mr. Bull to the contractors, to proceed with their work nor can his opinion given to thetn, that the State would pay them in par funds, (if such opinion was ever given,) make the State liable. Since the above was written, Mr. Ball authorizes a direct denial that he ever gave such an "opinion. Eds. Such an opinion even if given, at that dark period of the State's misfortunes, could not have been believed ; and even if believed, Mr. Ball had no authority thus to bind the State. But decisive as I regard the above objection to be, the precedent to be established by the passage of this bill, makes a far greater one. The same reason would require the State to make up the difference to every other contractor who has received scrip for his claim. Efforts have been made to convince me that there is

a distinction between the present claim, and others where a depreciated scrip has been received, but without effect. I can see no difference in principle; and the slight difference in form, would be overcome with a fur le.a stride hereafter, than that taken to pass the present bill. - But if the amount of this depreciation is made up in the case of all the other contractors, what will be the result ! To answer this question, it is necessary to see the amount of scrip issued. The amount of 0 and 00 scrip paid to contractors on our public works, when the system was broken down and the credit of the State gone, was $1,500,000. The 8crip issued on the canal east of Lafayette, amounts to $121,761 28, and that issued on it west of that place, to 319.930 making in all 2,741,741 28. I am informed from a reliable source, that the first description of scrip was depreciated soon after its issue, to from 53 to 05 cents on the dollar, and the second and third description to about 40 cents on the dollar. This makes a total of depreciation, of about thirteen hundred thousand dollars, which the State, (besides meeting the scrip at par,) would, by carrying out the principles of the present bill, be obliged hereafter to pay out of her exhausted treasury. But even this is not all. By the same principle, or an easy consequence from it, a heavy and still increasing amount of interest, would also have to be paid on that depreciation. The principle of the bill does not relieve the laborers on the public works, the farmer, and others who received this scrip from the contractors ; it only relieves those who received it from the State the contractors themselves. The only way in which the laborer, and the rest of the community will be affected by it, (after having suffered their own share of the depreciation,) will be to be taxed to make up the loss sustained by the wealthier contractors and that, too, when it is believed that in nearly all cases, the contractors paid off this very scrip to the real sufferers at par, and consequently suffered no loss whatever. Those who really suffered, (or at least who suffered the most,) will be injured, not benefitted, by the principles a nctioned by this bill, while the others who paid off their debts with the scrip, and at par, will reap all the advantage. Is this justice 1 But why is an investigation necessary 1 Not to settle the facts. The nature of the contract, the amount of Bcrip paid to these claimants, the extent of its depreciation, &c, are well known. The important facts, whatever they are, are susceptible of office or record proof. Nothing remains to be decided, but the principle referred to, viz: thall an allowance be made by the State to contractors for depreciated scrip! On this question, I have frankly expressed my opinion ; and if the Legislature should dissent from it, it is far better, in my judgment, that they calculate the difference, and to make the allowat once from the Treasury, than to incur the heavy expense of a protracted investigation, the costs of a long trial, for the purpose ol ascertaining facts already well known. Another objection to this bill, 1 have already remarked upon in another communication. So many bills have already passed, or are yet before the Legislature, contemplating a heavy disbursement from the Treasury for individual claimants, that there is great danger of its disabling the authorities cf State, from meeting other indispensable engagements, and especially from paying tho interest on the State debt Before these bills should be suffered to pass, or before an expense of any kind of the same amount should be authorized, the taxes should be correspondingly increased. They must be increased hereafter, if these ! 1 a ... . m m. expenses are incurrea, ana Deiier now It ever. Una policy would answer the double purpose of preventing prodigality, and of preserving our public faith inviolate. But I am not advised that any such increase is contemplated, nor, indeed, that the State officers are to be authorized to borrow any funds to supply such probable deficiency. In conclusion, I am clearly of the opinion, independently of all that hac been said, that (at least in relation to claims like tho present) the State should never permit a suit to bo brought against herself; for such the procedure authorized by the present bill virtually is. Such a permission, if not unworthy of a soverign State, is almost certain to result in a Joss to the public. In such controversies, individual vigilance, and individual knowledge of men, stimulated by one of the strongest passions of the human heart, the love of gain, is almost iure to triumph over justice. The State becomes the party assailed, but whether the assailed or the assailant, she is ever the weaker party. I will merely add that private claims and private interests are represented bere at every session of the Legislature, ably, keenly, and untiringly. The people of the State that is, the great mats of the unsuspr-cting and confiding people at a distancehave none to protect their rights but those who bare been entrusted with the necessary power for that pur

their burdene. And it behoves us all to scrutinize every measure that is no fatally calculated to increase our already heavy taxes. JAMES WIIITCOMB. February 10tht 1343. fjrThe bill was passed by the Senate notwithstanding the above objection. Terre Haute mid Iticlimond Hail llond. T. A. Morris, Esq., has just completed his report of the survey of this road between this place and Indianapolis. Two routes were surveyed to Greencastle one via Danville the other direct, and thence to this place. W condense the following from said report. SOUTHERN ROUTE. Cost of grading, grubbing and bridging 1st Di tition, in Marion county. l Total length of this division, 10,62 miles. Total coat, .... f 37&i5 00 Average cost per mile, 3,571 37 Length of curved line, 2000 feet. . j Kathus of curve, 5000 feet. Cost of grading, grubbing and bridging 2d Division, in Hendricks county. Total length of thia division, - IS mite. Total cost, - - - - $114,30 00 Average cost per mile, 0,350 33 Length of curved line, 1 mile, S2.020 feet. Radii of curve varying Irom 11 ,4 GO fuel to 5,730 feet. Cost of grading, grubbing and bridging, 'id Divisiim in Putnam county. Total length of this division 19,56 miles. Total cost, - - - $150.892 00 Average coat per mile, ... 7,714 31 Lei gtli of curved line, C miles 2,020 fet. Radii varying from 11,400 to 1,700 feet. Cost of grading, grubbing and bridging, Ath Division in Parke county. Length of this division, 12,55 miles. Total coat, - - - $43,727 00 Average coit per mils, ... 3,643 50 Length of curved line, 3 miles 360 feet. Radii of curves varying from 4,800 to 6,300 feet. Cost of grading, grubbing and bridging 5th Division in Vigo county. Length of this division, - - 12,9 miles. Total cost, - - - - $16,703 00 Average coat per mile, ... 1,294 60 Length of curved line, 2400 feet. Radius of curved 57 30 fret. REC AFITCLAITOlt. Total length of southern rouie, 73,C3 miles. Total coat of grubbing, grading and bridging, .... $3G3,55G 00 Average coat per mile, ... 4,904 77 Total length of curved line, 11,83 miles. Radii varying from 1,700 to 11,462 feet. Inclination of grade line as follows: Level, .... 409 miles. Inclination from 0 to 5 feet per mile, .... 10,00 miles. Inclination from 5 to 10 feet per mile, - - - . 8,40 miles. Inclination from 10 to 15 feet per mile, .... 8,80 miles. Inclination from 15 to 20 feet per mile, .... 5,C0 miles. Inclination from 20 to 25 feet per mile, .... 3f00 miles. Inclination from 25 to 30 feet per mile, .... 2,90 miles. Inclination from 30 to 35 feet per mile, .... 4, CO miles. Inclination from 35 to 40 feet per mile, .... 26,24 miles. NORTHERN LIKE.

The distance from Indianapolis on the northern line, to the junction of the middle line is 12,78 miles. Co6t of construction, o3,110 00. The distance from Indianapolis to the same point on the middle line is 12,72. Cost of construction, $46,950 00. Making the middle line or lower crossing of White river on the line via Danville, 0,lo7 00 cheaper than the upper crossing. Taking the middle line to its junction with the northern line, and from thence to the junction of the Danville line with the southern line, the length of the line from Indianapolis via Danville to the intersec tion with the southern line is 33,17 miles, and the cost of construction 230,034 U0 average cost per mile su.yyo UU. The length of the southern line from Indianapolis to its intersection with the Danville line is 32,15 miles. Cost of construction, $1(33,640 00. Average cost per mile, 5,0S9 89. From the above it will be seen that the line from Indianapolis via Danville and Greencastle 'o Terre Haute, will be one mile longer and cost 00,394 00 more than the line from Indianapolis via Greencastle to Terre Haute. Tho maximum grade established in the foregoing estimates is forty feet per mile; and from the frequen cy c.T its occurrence, it must be obvious that any ma tertal diminution ol the inclination would increase the estimates for grading very considerably. Thero are several points in the line, which a less grade could be used by a corresponding increase in the length of the line without affecting the cost much ; but when it is considered that the greater proportion of the forty feet grade occurs where no such change in the line can be made, and that engines cannot be loaded beyond ihir power at these points, an additional reason exists for retaining the line where it is now located. Although it is desirable that the grade line should approach as near to a level as possible, as the capaci ty of the road and the cost of transportation are affect cd by its inclination; yet between the expenditure for that purpose in grading the road and the additiona cost of maintaining the necessary power to overcome the inclination, there exists a relation which true economy should not disregard. To materially reduce the maximum grade on this line would cost an amount, the interest of whicl: would more than maintain the additional power to overcome this grade, with a maximum amount of transportation. The grade of forty feet per mile, is the maximum grade on the Madison and Indianapolis road, and is of frequent occurrence on the best roads in our country. CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY. Whatever may be the plan, and however perfect may be the construction of the track of a road, it will always be in a deranged and badly adjusted condition, unless the road be thoroughly drained and secured from the effects of frost. To effect this as far as possible, the estimates for the track provide for covering the graded rurface of the road, under the track, with gravel or broken stone one foot in depth, afterwards rilled to the top of the cross-ties with the same material. Gravel can generally be got in the vicinity of the streams on the east and west ends of thetoad, and on the middle portion, stone can be had at an expense which will justify the expenditure. The plan for the superstructure estimated, is as follows : Longitudinal mud-sills, 3 by 10 inches, are placed upon the compacted gravel sur ace, 3 feet from centre to centre; upon these cross-ties are placed, 6 by C inches square, 7 feet long, and 5 feet apart. In the spa ce between the ties, two blocks are placed so as to decrease the space between the bearing points of the strong pieces. The cross-ties are notched to receive string pieces 6 by G inches square, secured in their places by wooden wedges. Upon the strings the iron rails are secured, leaving a width of track of 4 feet 81 inches clear. The timber all to be sound white or burr oak. The amount estimated for a track as above described, is 2,250 per mile. Among the diversity of opinions that exist as to the best form for a rail, I believe it generally conceeded that the , or bridge rail, and the rail are preferable. The fir-t requires a continuous bearing surface under tho ; ail ; the latter is usually laid on de tached bearings. In this country the rapid decay of the timber in the situation or string pieces, where its duration will not extend beyond five or six years, is certainly a strong argument against its use for that purpose. I have however provided for it in the estimate, as I believe a continuous bearing makes a better road, whatever may be the form of the rail. I would recommend to your Board to procure a rail of not less than 60 lbs. to the yard. From contracts recently made by the Madison and Indianapolis Rail Road company. I understand that the J, bar, of 60 pounds to the yard, is delivered at Madison at 03 per ton of 2210 lbs. It would require about 3 per ton more to transport it to this place. The estimate for 1 mile of iron would be: 94.3 tons, at $GG per ton, $G,223 80 Add, for chairs and spikes, par mile, 400 00 Superstructure, per mile, 2,250 00 Making track per mile, - - $3,873 00 Should detached bearing be used in place of the if Lnxn l ö j n r ! t r'o.l in JfiQ tlmfii Alimal,

would be a deduction for that iter; of 310,80 per mile; making the track, per mile 3,557 DO. ElGhT Or WAT. From the anxiety manifested by the inhabitants throughout the entire line, for tlie construction of the rosd, but very little expense will be required to procure the right of way. Relinquishment of the flight of way have already been given to the company very generally, both on the line by way of Danville and on

the south line, except in the immediate vicinity of Indianapolis and Terre Haute. From the small num her, however, who will obtain damages on this ac count, I have thought it unnecessary to estimate any tiling for this object. TOTAL COST OF ROAD. The total cost of the road, completed for locomo- ; tive power from Indianapolis to Terre Haute, will be j as follows : Cost of grubbing, grading and bridging, (Southern line,) .... $365,556 00 73,63 mild track complete. 3.673 80 per mile, - - . ' . 653,377 89 Total, .... $1,018,933 89 Average cost per mile, $13, 833 56. If to tlie total coat, aa above, be added for contingencies and superintendence, 5 per cent, on the coat of grading and supentrure-jre, ... 2b,oo8 00 And m probable um for encinee. cars, warehouses. hops, turnout, &c., of $140,000 00 The total cost of road and equipments, ready for trans porlalion, will become, - - $1,185,491 89 The average per mile, will then be $16,100 00 nearly. ICIIUSI OS THE ROAD. If an estimate were made of the surplus products of the district of country . which will contribute to the transportation of this road, which would at this time be conveyed upon it were it in operation, there is no doubt but sufficient business could be shown to make an investment in the stock of t.-.a road a profitable one. mere cannot be tound. at this time, a route tor rail road within our State, where the contigious country is better able to sustain it than the route here contemplated. When we consider the fact universally attested of the power inherent in railroads to create their own business, any calculation of probable business from data now to be obtained, must be very far below the reality, when a road has a country to euportitof such unusual productiveness as the one through which this road passes. A more satisfactory mode or arriving at the transportation on this road would be ta compare it with some other road similarly Situated. Ine Madi&on ond Indianapolis road will perhaps afford the most appropriate comparison. The length of this road is eighty-six miles. The road however has only been in operation as far north as Indianapolis, since the first of October last for the remainder of the year from Edinburgh, thirty miles South of India napois. The gross receipts for four months, beginning with Ootober, on this road, are $31,633. It is true that this comprehends the most active part of the year on this road, and were the receipts for the whole year assumed in direct proportion to this amount, it would make the business of the road greater than experience will show it to be. Looking at the business that has been done during the balance of the year between Edinburgh and Madi son, 1 think it safe to assume 200,000 as the gross receipts for one jear on the whole road. Taking this sum then, and deducting from it the costs of working and maintaining the road for one year, and we shall 4 a . nave a sum lor the net receipts, which i have no doubt will be less than will be realized. I have no means of ascertaining the amount actually expended for maintenance and working expenses on the Madison road, for the four months above named. But taking the usual expense for these items on most of the roads in the country, constructed in as permanent a manner as our estimates contemplate. I believe that an allowance oi torty per cent, ot me gross re ceipts; for these expenses, will be entirely sufficient to cover them. Deducting then 40 per cent, or Ä30.000 from 200,000, there is left 120,000 as the net receipts for one year. This will give a dividend of over ten per cent, on the capital necessary to put your road in operation, laking ln'o consideration the great superiority of the region upon which this road will depend for business, both as it regards its present state of cultivation, and its ultimate agncul tural productiveness, over the country contiguous with the Madison road, there can be no doubt that this estimate for the business of the road is far below that which would be realized. To this estimate of the probable profitableness of this road, it has been viewed as an isolated and mere Iy sectional work, and as such only, it has merits which must insure its early construction. When completed it will form an important part of one hun dred and 6ixty miles of continuous railway, running from the centre of the Wabash valley to the centre of our State, and thence to the Ohio river, touching the rich valley of the Wabash at the junction of the Wa bash and Erie and cross-cut canals at Terre Haute on the river, and passing through five of the most fertile and productive counties of tho State, on a central line, remote from the Ohio river and the lakes, where of necessity some artificial channel of trade and travel must sooner or later be made. Indeed a work of this kind is indispensable to the agricultural and commercial wants of this section of the State, and is the only means by which it can accomplish an ex change of commercial equivalents. That a railway is the best that can be made, is too evident to require demonstration, lheir superiority over all other arti ficial modes of communication, in regard to the very per centum they pay on the cost of their construction, and the benefits they confer on the country through which 'hey pass, is at this day universally conceded Not only is it fair to suppose that this road will do so much business as the Madison road, I ut viewed as an extension of that road, it must, in the very nature of things enhance the business of both very greatly. Being on the most central and direct route from bt Louis to Pittsburgh and the north, not only will the great mail from the east be transported on it, but the number of passengers it will transport must greatly exceed the average travel upon roads of its length: The Wabash river, and the Wabaßh and Erie Canal, which will be finished to Terre Haute during the present year, will aid in swelling the bus iness of the road; and it is not unworthy or conside ration, that this road passes from lerre Haute through the eastern edge of the great Illinois coal basin. In time the coal from this field will be 6ent over this road to the centre, as it shall be required for fuel or for manufacturing purposes. However great tne intrinsic merits ot this road may be viewed as an isolated road from Terre Haute to Indianapolis, yet when we consider it as a link in a great chain of railway reaching from the Atlantic ocean to the Mississippi, it assumes a character of the greatest importance. Such a line, when comple ted, as it must be in a few years, will be the most important on this continent, and perhaps in the world, blending as it will the commercial and social interests of half the Union. A Promoter of Marriage. By an ancient act of the good old Scottish Parliament, passed in the reign of Margaret, about 1233, it was "ordint that during Je reign of her ma ist blesait Majestie, ilka maiden adee of baith high and low estait, shall hae liberty to speak ye man she likes ; gif he refuses to take her to be his wify he shall be mulct in the sum of an bundrity poundis or less, as his estail may be, except and always gif he can make it appear that he is belhrolhit to aruther woman, then he shall be free. Woman's Fidelity. A Scotch judge, at a recent trial at the Ayr Assizes, of a brutal husband for abuse of his wife, remarked, on passing sentence of trans portation for seven years, that during his long service on the bench he had never known a case, where wife who had thus been maltreated, though almost to death, did not, when placed in the witness box, testify as much as possible in favor of the husband, in order to shield hun froir punishment. (Vt- The following Mottoes for Flowers and Vege table productions of nature, will assist those who study the language of flowers ! Motto for the Lilac in April Give me leave. Ditto for the Cose in June Well ! I'm blowed. Ditto for the Asparagus in July Cut and come again. Ditto for the Marrowfa in August fchell out. JJitto lor the Apple tree in September Go it, my pippins. Ditto for the Cabbage in December My heart's my own. Ditto for the Aloe at any time Well, I never ! Did you ever fr7-TAKE NT Hat. One would have rupposed i there was anything new under the sun, that this was . .a iir . an original phrase and born in tue west, uui it is obvipusly taken from Shakspeare, and may be found in Coriolanus, act II., scene I., where Meninius, on hearin? that the noble Roman is coming home, ex claims: " Takt m u cap, Jupiter ; and I thank thee.'

From the Cincinnati Enquirer. Fluni IoJkico. The' Picayune, of the 8th, has intelligence from Mexico by the arrival of the steamer Neu: Orleans, which sailed from Vera Cruz on the 2nd instant. In the conflict between Lieut. Col. Biscoe and the guerillas, va the Orizaba road, of which we had previous accounts, Lieut. Henderson and 12 men were killed. The Mexican loss supposed to be about the same. The guerrillas were dispersed. A stampede occurred among the teams, and Col. B. was compiled

to leave his killed and wounded behind, and make the'on,. ao deairiog aaid race, excayationa or cmbaDkmentt,

best of his way to Cordova. The greater part of his wagons were burned, or taken by the guerrillas. He reached Orizaba on the 23d ultimo. He had with him detachments of the Louisiana and Georgia dragoons. The Mexicans numbered from four to five hundred. A train, consisting cf 16!) wagons, escorted by a portion of Lieut. Col. Bigcoe's command, arrived at Vera Cruz on the 29th ultimo. A Mexican who arrived with it report- that Gen. Santa Anna, with 2000 men, had an engagement on the 23d ult., with about 400 Americans, at lehuacan, in which eight Americans were killed. From other items of the intelligence by this arrival, we doubt the truth of this rejiort. Col. Bankhead is Governor of Orizaba, and has a force of 1200 men. Col. Stockton, of the Michigan volunteers is Governor of Cordova, and his regiment forms the garrison at that point. Another garrison is to be stationed at l aso del iHancho, under the command of Major Julie, of the Michigan regiment, who will have two companies of the same, and such other force as may be found necessary. A company of Louisiana volunteers who consider ed themselves enlisted as cavalry, refuEed to do duty as infantry, and were sent to the castle at Vera Cruz. It was supposed the leaders of the revolt would be severely punished. Dates from the capital are to the 20th ultimo. It was said that an armistice for two months would be signed by Gen. Butler on the 27th. Santa Anna has published a letter in r .-Iation to his escape from Gen. Lane, at Tehuacan, and a note requesting of the government a passport to leave the country. Of the former the correspondent of the Picayune says : His charge upon Gen. Lane's command, of having taken his plate, is falee, and his insinuation as to the conduct of the General while in Tehuacan, need3 no refutation in the U. States. The spleen he vents is in some measure excusable, since he was driven out of Tehuacan by our troops without time being given him to put on his "new uniform," and since he was driven out of Oajaca with as little ceremony by his own countrymen. A man thus made a shuttle-cock of may be allowed some display of temper, which though directed by his characteristic disregard of truth, will harm no one. General Cushing left the capital on the 15th for Puebla, to assist in organizing the court of inquiry. A Texan Ranger' was attacked and killed by a number of Mexicans in the suburbs of the city, on the 13th. A number of his comrades repaired to the quarter on the ensuing evening, and took fearful ven geance upon a party whom they found armed with knives and pistols, seventeen Mexicans were re ported as killed, and forty wounded. Col. Jackson, bearer of despatches, arrived up in six days from Vera Cruz. He took the order for the Court of Inquiry, and transferring the command to Gen. Butler. Gen. Scott took leave of the army in a brief, pointed and feeling address. The forces manifested much regret at parting with him. Gen. Lane, with the same force he took to Orizaba, left the capital, on the 13th ultimo, and took the Guadaloupe road. The expedition was a secret one, but it was supposed he was after Jarauta or Rea. Advices from Qurretaro are to the 17th ultimo. Several new deputies have arrived, but the meeting of Congress was going on very slowly, and some were beginning to lose all patience. The Minister of Foreign Relations was using every means in his power to procure the attendance of a quorum. It is said that a sufficient number are pledged to attend whenever they are assured that the question of peace will come fairly before them, and at all events within ten days after being advised of the action of our government upon the treaty. We find no speculations as to the probable fate of that document in the Mexican Congress. The masses of the people are 6aid to be greatly in favor of peace, and satisfied with the provisions of the treaty, including its cession of territory. The state of Zacetacas has recognized tlie existing government, and favors peace. The Arco Iris of the 1st inst. has rumors that Santa Anna has abandoned his idea of leaving the country, and is about to try his fortunes again amidst the internal convulsions which threaten to distract the nation. His design is said to be to unite with the Vice Governor of San Louis, and Gen. Alvarez, and then march upon Queretaro, overthrow the government of Pena v Pena, and establish a dictatorship. The Arco Iris is not celebrated for the correctness of its reports, and this scheme is not feasible, at least at present. The city of Queretaro was filled with ladrones, who were robbing the people with impunity, the authorities making no efforts to check them. The report that the house of Drusina &. Mackintosh had furnished the government with funds, is contradicted. The Monitor says that the proposition made was too exorbitant to be accepted. The following is from the American Star of the 18th. Lower California. Advices from Mazaltan have been received to the 30th January. The guerillas, under Mijares, made an attack upon the Cape (Lower California) and were completely routed Mijares and many other Mexicans being killed. La Taz, further north in the Peninsula, was also the scene of a sanguinary conflict between the guerrillas, under Capt. Pineda, and the Americans. The place was reduced to ashes by the fire that took place between the combatants. The Mexicans were finally compelled to retire. There are rumors of other engagements, but nothing to be relied on. The Governor and Vice Governor of San Louis have been suspended from office, in order to undergo a trial according to the constitution. Sr Reyes has been appoited provisional Governor. Gen. Herrera is again dangerously ill at Queretaro. L,:Uc from Mexico. JARAUTA TAKEN PRISONER: DISTURBANCES IN YUCATAN. Louisville, March 23, 1843. The steamer Alexander Scott' has arrived from New Orleans, bringing papers to the evening of the 16th instant. The Tampico papers of the 4th learn from good authority that Padre Jarauta was surprised and taken prisoner at Zacualtapan, with his forces, by a party of American troops. During the skirmish several Mexicans were killed, and the Americans afterwards reduced the town to ashes. The papers contain no news from Vera Cruz or the City of Mexico. From Yucatan. r Advices have been received from Yucatan to the 18th of February. The Patria gives details of the atrocities of the Indians. At Sacsuqnil the savages murdered 31 persons, principally women and children. Their bodies were dreadfully mangled and afterwards consumed by fire. The Indians in the vicinity of Valladolid sued for peace. The savages were preparing to attack the city of Becauchen. The town of Chanscnote was taken by the Indians . and reduced to ashes. In a skirmish near Texmcnae the Yucatecos conquered the savages, but at Chausaxsucet the latter again triumphed, crying for the extermination of their foes. In a skirmish at Kamccabehea twenty whites were killed. A letter from Toluca of the 13th of February, received by way of Tampico, states that Gen. Alvarez had arrived in the neighborhood of that place, and that Gen. Butler had consented to suspend the assessments levied on the people for four days, at the request of the commissioners negotiating an armistice. Murder at 1'hlladelpliia. Philadelphia, 23, P. M. A horrid murder was committed last night on Fourth street above Arch, which has caused considerable excitement. Mr. Radamachcr, a German Bookseller, and his wife, were found in their bed-room, horribly cut and mutilated, the latter dead, and the former nearly so, being speechless and entirely unconscious. TT, tn'irrof t Vnvon a rroaloA.

LAW OF 1M)IAA.

AN ACT ararudatorjr to üie law in rrpr4 u ma of ad ajaad damnum. Sectio 1. Be it enacted by the General Attcmllj cf the State cf Indiana, That any ( er.on or (eit(iia leiug (heuworr or owuers by lagal or equitable title of any dim aciota anjr water cuurie, who denrei to ute sud employ the water of turn water eourae fiotn such dam in propH)uz a griit, aaw, carding oi fulling anitl. or any other machinery whatever, on the landi and premitai of aucb peraoo or fwiaoni, below auch dam, such prrton or persona may make a race, excavation or embankment, through the intermedia's lauds of any other peraon or persona tor ine purpoie aioretaid, aucb peiaon or per. having first fully paid the respective owoeta of auch intermediate lands the full equitable value of the land which may be set apart and apnropiiated to och lace, eacavaiion and embankment, and fully compensate fur all damages which auch race, excavation or embankment may occasion tu the lands and premises of such intermediate owner or owoeisi if, however, there he a grist, saw, carding or fulling mill, or any other machinery propelled by the water of the water couue on which such dam may have been erected betcw said dam, but above the place where the owner of Ibe dam may def iie to propel bis mills or machinery, belongiog to any other person, to that the proposed tact would conduct the water around auch intermediate milla or machinery, and below the same, leave shall not be giveu to make auch race. excavation or embankment. Sec. 2. Such peison or persons before making auch race. excavation or embankment, ahall apply to the circuit court of the county where such dam and laud are aituale, for . writ of ad quod damnum, in which application shall be deseiibetl the location of the dam, the lacda on which the appli cant aetires to nave his mills or other machinery propelled by the water from auch dam, the inteimediate lands through which the proposed race, excavationa or embankments are to be made, and the respective ownera thereof, which writ shall be issued, executed and letarLed, and the proceeding! in other respects be governed by the laws now in force id relation to writs of ad quod damnum, ao far aa applicable, anl not inconsistent with this act Sec. 3. It shall be the duty of the jury, one of whom shall be a practical engineer, after being duly sworn for that puipoie, to view the dams, the lands and premises where the owner or owners desire to propel the mills or machinery afore.aid, the landa through which the proposed race, excavations or embankments are to be made, aud to locate and maik by meiea and bounds the place wheie such tace, excavationa or embankments shall be made, having due regard to the interests of both parties they shall also aiaess the fair and equitable value of the land ao set apart and appropiiated to such race, excavationa or embankments, and such equitable amount for the damages which the parties aSYcted by such i ace, excavations or embankments may have sustained by the making aid continuing of auch tace, excavationa or embankments on his or their lands; they shall also ascertain whether the mansion house of any auch owner of inteimediate landa through which the proposed race, excavations or embankmenia shall be made, or the offices, cuililages or gardens thereunto immediately belonging, will be oveirlowed or injured, and whether, in their opinion, the health of the neighborhood will be annoyed by the stagnation of water occasioned thereby, and by what meaas such annoyances or injury can be prevented, and whtther, in their opmijti, the making and continuance of euch race, excavationa or embankments for the purpose aforesaid, will conduce to public utility. Sec. 4. Upon return made of the inquest of the jury, any persons interested or affected by the same, may appear in the circuit court to which it is returnable, and plead any valid matter in lieu of the right of the applicant to have the benefit of such writ i and issues of law and of fact may be made up and tried, and the court may adjudge costs tbeieio aa in actions at common law, and the court mar permit amendments of the proceedings, and may aet aside, for aufficient cause, any auch inquest, and award another writ upon the payment of all coata by the applicant, or may dismiss the proctediogs, or the court may ratify aud confirm such inquest, and ahall in all respects be governed herein aa prescribed by law now in force in relation to writs of ad quod damnum, ao far as applicable. Sec. 5. If the party applying shall obtain leave to tnaks such race, excavationa or embankment through the intermediate lands aforesaid, be ahall upon paying respectively to the several persons entitled, the assessed value aa aforesaid of the lands set apart and appropriated by the jury to auch race, excavations or embankments, and the damagee which the jurors may assess on the inquest aforesaid, become seized in fee simple of the land so set apart and appropriated for auch race, excavationa or embankments by sid jurors ; but if he shall not, within one year after the decision of the court, begin to make such race, excavations or embankments, and finhh the same within three years, and afterwaida continue it in good repair fur the purpoaea aforesaid, or in case the dam, buildings and machinery, or either of them, be destroyed, if he shall not begin to rebuild the same within one year after such destruction, and finish the erection thereof within three years thereafter, the lands so set apart and appropiiated for auch race, excavations or embankments shall teveit to the former pioprietor and bis heirs, unless at the time of such destruction the owner of such dam, buildings and machinery be a feme covert, or infant, imprisoned, or of unsound mind, in which case the length of time above specified ahall be allowed after auch disability shall be removed. Sec. 6. Any assessment of the value of lands so set apart and appropriated as afoiesaid, and the damages, in pursuance hereof, when the same ahall be fully paid and eatished after coounnatiua of such inquest as aforesaid by the court, shall bar a recovery for any damages or injury sustained subsequent to such inqueit in any and every action at law. Sec. 7. This act to Le in force from and after its publication io the Indiana Journal and State Sent'nel. WILLIAM A. PORTER, Speaker of the House of Repreientatiett. PARIS C. DUNNING, President of the Senate. Approved February 16, 1S48. JAMES WH1TCO.MB. The New Hampshire Election.- The Issues and Itesults. The election in New Hampshire, resulting as it did in the complete overthrow and prostration of federalism, says the Ohio Statesman, is one of the most brilliant victories on record. All the efforts of federalism was directed to New Hampshire all the factions of the country were marshalled for the fight, and never was Canales or Urrea more certain of a victory in Mexico, than was their allies certain of a Mexican victory in New Hampshire. The war was made the broad issue, and pit that issue, the battle was fought and won; and the allies of Mexico are as badly beaten on this side of the Rio Grande as their friends were on the other. In the Legislature, sc far as heard from, the democracy have 105 members of the Lower IIou6e, and the Jlexican allies 67. In the Council, there is but one federal member, and in the Senate, in all probability, there will be none. The New Hampshire Patriot thus announces the glorious result. "The Election. The battle has been fought ; the victory is won. The guerillas, the lefeeos, the GREASERS of New Hampshire more infamous in character and more despicable in conduct than those classes in Mexico have been most indignantly spurned and repudiated by the people whom they have so grossly insulted and deceived. We have now no time to enlarge upon this matter, and will content ourselves here with congratulating the honest and patriotic people of this State upon the most glorious result of yesterday's work. A more signal victory was never gained in any political contest, considering the circumstances with which we were surrounded ; and a set of more reckless, abandoned, infamous and rascally demagogues and knaves never met the withering condemnation of an honest people, tnan those of the factions whom we have so effectually overthrown. They can never again rise to a position to merit the serious consideration of honorable men. The vote is very large the largest ever caßt in this Stats. It will be not far from ; and the democratic vote will probably be 33,000, which is a larger number than we ever before gave. The net gain for Williams thus far, over the vote of last year, is about 1,250; and his majority will not be far from 3,000. We have made a net gain thus far of 24 representatives ! This, we think, is a victory worth crowing over; and therefore have brought out ounold chicken, and allowed him to exult over the prostrate cowardly game cock of Santa Anna the Foggs, McFarlands, Fowlers, "Old Kitts," et id omne genus. The whole story may be summed up in a few words : The democracy have swept the State 'with perfect impunity and great boldness " 3-A correspondent of the Boston Investigator quotes the following passage from a sermon preached by Rev. Mr. Patten, a Presbyterian clergyman of New York : The present crisis is one of great interest to the true follower of Christ. A new race of Infidels has arisen no profane, unchaste, immoral, as were their predecessors, but evincing a regabd roa God, for Tkutii, for Humanity, for Morals, and whoso complaint is, that the churches are arrayed against God, against Truth, against Humanity, against sound Morals. It is an evil hour when Ixfidelitt can marshal its forces, with Humanity for its watchword, with the conscience of the world on its side, while Caristiaxitt, in the hands of those who betray it, leads its host to battle for oppression. In such a conflict Infidelity must triumphh tht Bible must fall. Indianapolis Free Tress. M. R. Wickeksham, who last endeavored to sus'ain the sickly existence of this abolition sheet, has found it nectssary to sell the ame to Mr. SrcRiT, of the Cincinnati Herald

J