Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 7, Number 37, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 March 1848 — Page 1

To Correspondents. I W Marioa. Hart written "ta at letter," for jrwi. Preparing for the Presidential Election. Got. Young, of New York, is preparing for the next eWtion in that State with a right hearty good will. It is well known that he was elected over the late lamented Silas Weight, by hit pledges to pardon the anti-rent murderers, and those of that class convicted of lesser crimes ; and that he faithfully fulfilled his pledges the moment he was warm in his seat. We have now a list, furnished by the Police Gazette, and republished by the Journal of Commerce, of one hundred and twenty-eight new pardons granted by him. The names of the convicts, their crimes, and their sentences, are all given. The vilest murderers, of every degree, and those guilty of almost every crime in the catalogue, are thus let loose upon community to renew their depredations. We can see no reason under heaven that could induce Gov. Young thus to act, than as he secured the votes of rascals for his party, he is determined to carry out the principle. These discharged culprits could have nothing to offer in return, but their votes and influence, izil that of their friends. Young Pollock, the midshipman, who lately deliberately attempted to wilfully murder a man, and actually shot him with three balls, is lately pardoned out. Well may some of the New York papers Eay, that it would be as well to abolish all courts, prisons and penitentiaries. Suppose our Governor bad committed auch acts : does any one suppose that the thunders of the whig press would not have been burled at him 1 Can they now tell us if Gov. Young had any other reason than to manufacture rotes for tke next Presidential election ? Wc think not.

Bedford Herald. This is the title of a new whig paper, the first number of which we have received, published at Eedford, Indiana, by S. Hager, Jr. Its mechanical execution is very respectable, and the editor Las our wishes for success in all but his politics. The good democrats of Lawrence should now make an effort to see that democratic papers have a good circulation in their county. A newspaper, however humble its pretensions, is a powerful lever for evil or good. It behooves the Democracy throughout the State, therefore, to see to it, that our opponents and the opponents of the war and the honor of the country, do not get the weatherguage of them in the coming highly important elections. Much, very much, may be done by extending the circulation of democratic papers and documents. Our people are essentially democratic ; and witfj, a fair chance to examine both sides, will remain so. See, then, that all are supplied, and half oar labor is done. ft-If the angel Gabriel were on earth, and should be susoected of beinrr a democrat, the whole kennel of the whig press would be let loose on him, and no doubt they would strenuously endeavor to make him change places with the prince of darkness. They would not stop to look either for his foot or his tail; but let one start the cry, and oo they rush, Tray, Blanch and Sweetheart, till his character is demolished, or until the people have examined for themselves. The Boston Atlas has lately started a story that Mr. Kush. our Minister, at the Uourt ot 1-ranee was lately disconcerted and made ridiculous by a question nut to him in .trench bv a lad v. Ibis is no doubt a J - . lie out of the whole cloth ; for it is pretty generally known that Mr. Rush is an excellent French scholar. But he is a democrat; and the whig party, from end to end, cannot produce his superior in every qualifies tion for his high station. Indiana State Sentinel. We learn by the above paper of February 3d, that the senior editor is again at his post, having recovered from an attack of small pox, contracted while attending upon the late lamented Hon. A. Kennedy. We sincerely congratulate you, brother George, upon your recovery, and hope thetinae may be . far distant, when from any cause, you shall again be compelled to relinquish "crowing," though it be but for a season. We are sorry to learn of the junior cock's" delicate state of health, but glad to hear of his fixed determination not to die until after the next Presidential election, That's right, brother Jake;. the death of either the Chapmans would be too great a "God-send" for the whigs of Hoosierdom. "Hope they may both live a thousand years, and their shadows never grow less !" How that would spite some whigs we wot of ! St. Mary's Sentinel. "Thank you back," brother George. We are happy also to state that "Jake" will soon be at his post, thanks to "Old Sam," for his discoveries. 07" Chapman in the last Sentinel, is crowing because the small pox has left him in remarkable good health; we suppose that he is growing beautifully large. He thinks he is swelling his corpulency so rapidly that he will 6oon be a patron for an Alderman. We advise friend Chapman not to boast too soon, for his prospects like some of our politicians may all fizzle out. P. S. We have an old coat, the buttons of which, are at your service whenever you come over. Thank you, brother of the Carrol) Express. But we really assure you, that from present appearances, we shall soon want new clothes, and then we get the buttons gratis. We are only waiting to see how large to have them made. Congress is beginning to think seriously of levying a direct tax to help to keep the wheels of Govern ment in motion. Better do that, than to keep plung ing deeper and deeper in debt, and leaving the reck oning to be settled by our children's children. We like the old motto, "they who dance should pay the fiddler." If we must fight Mexico and feast on "glo ry," let us have a taste of what it costs. Tippeca noe Journal. Well, Major, they did not do it. But it seems you would like to have it done ; and your language leads us to suppose, for no other purpose than to embarrass your own country and ' aid and comfort the enemy." Go it major; you are not alone, nor was there a single tory in the last war, and but & single traitor in that of the revolution. CT The Legislature of Indiana adjourned on the 17th. We have not heard that it accomplished any thing for the general good. Cincinnati Herald. We should like to know who had. Some six hundred bills have been passed ; and what with the small pox fright, and double mileage, it may benefit the State Frinter and the members themselves, la more ways than one. We shall keep our eye on these mat ters, and if any good can be found, we will point it out. The bad ia notorious. Sensible to the last ! The editor of the Terre Haute Courier acknowledges the receipt of official document, and declares that he shall not read them. This is pretty much the course cf all whig editors. They pretend to understand all matters and to enlighten the people thereon ; but they never read the official documents on which they comment. This we all along thought was the case, and now we have it avowed. (-Certain whigs say that whig" measures are the only things to save 1 the country. Certain whigs say that they will support Gen. Taylor because he is a no-parly man. A few disappointed office seeking pretended democrats deelare the same. Certain whigs say they will support no man who doe not ivow their doctrines in full. WLat will they all dot Qjr It is said that the Secretary of State has man aged to increase his salary to near or quite $2,500 a year. Pretty fair, when a great portion of the labor

is got rid cf by law.

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Published every Thursday. Gen. Ca $i Tricks of the Enemy. The following communication is from one of the best and firmest democrats in this State ; and its suggestions should be deeply weighed by all true men. In answer to the query with which it commences, we can only eay, that we are as much in the dark as the writer. The extract given is not the first of the kind sent forth from this place. One of a similar import appeared in the Washington Union, and was promptly corrected by this paper. We can hardly suppose that any democrat would pursue such a course, in the face of truth : and therefore we are led to the opinion that it i a cunningly devised trick of the enemy. Be that as it may, however, the result will prove to enemies within and without, that all such attempts to distract the democratic party will prove futile. Let who will be the nominee of the Democratic National Convention, Indiana will sustain him, and that with enthusiasm. Our people are satisfied with measures, and care but little about men. We hope our friends will take seriously into consideration every feature of the following, and especially that in regard to organization. How have such impressions as the following, from the Jackson (Mich.) Patriot, got abroad ? Gen. Cass in Indiana. "The State Convention of Indiana, on the 8th inst., nominated Gen. Cass for President by a very large vote. We have not seen the resolutions, but learn they express a strong preference for Gen. C. and ap- J prove his letter on the Wilmot Proviso and Mexican War." Now, if there were any such proceedings as the above in our Convention they have escaped my notice. And if the peculiar friends of Gen. Cass expect to advance his interests by such unwarrantable efforts to manufacture public sentiment, they will certainly find themselves mistaken in such conclusions. When I speak of the peculiar friends of Gen. Cass, I speak of certain indiscreet individuals, jgho have greatly prejudiced the fair prospects of the General, in my opinion, by their constant efforts to thrust him upon the party and the public as a candidate. The dissemination of impressions, unfounded in fact, can never truly advance the interests of any man or any cause. It will engender jealousies and prejudice, the tendency of which will be to deaden that lively interest and sincere zeal which are so indispensable to the success of our cause. If Gen. Cass is fairly the choice of the National Convention no man will be more sincerely gratified than I shall, for no man can more admire his course in the U. S. Senate, upon all the great questions that have been agitated there since he iias had a seat in that body. But it must be remembered that this is a question to be settled by the people, through their delegates, in National Convention. And every true democrat will be only desirous that that great question Bhould be settled in accordance with the will of the majority, clearly and fairly expressed. When, as the result of such an expression, our candidate is in the field, whoever he may be, I feel an abiding confidence that the campaign, nrdently prosecuted, will result triumphantly for our principles and gloriously for the country. The signal overthrow which must await the auda cious treason of the whiggery of 1348, must admonish the enemies of our institutions forever, to avoid their doom, by avoiding their abominable principles. I am glad that the National Convention meets earlier than the time suggested by our State Convention. The battle of November is to be fought in the field of August, and we must everywhere have our forces marshalled and drilled for the conflict. To that end, let the party be urged to a thorough organization, in every part of the State. And, in the name of our principles, let no more ranting whigs be sent to the Legislature by democratic votes. We have but few sins of that kind to answer for, here, in the North. Very respectfully, C. , Gen. Qcitman. The citizens of Albany invited Gen. Quitman to a public dinner, which, however, he respectfully declined. The Albany Argus contains the following: Messrs. Editors : On examining a file of the Albany Gazette for 1795, under date of July 3, I found the following note. If you think it of sufficient interest to communicate to your readers, it is at your service : "The Rev. C. Quitman, lately from the West Indies, will deliver a 6ermon in the Low Dutch language, in the Lutheran church of this city, at two o'clock, in the afternoon of Sunday next." This gentleman was father to the gallant General Quitman, so recently honored by our Legislature, and at present receiving the hospitalities of our citizens. The talented and indefatigable commissioner of the Patent office, is pursuing his statistical inquiries with unabated vigor. The crops of the United States, during the last year, as ascertained by him, were quite or nearly as follows: Indian Corn, 540,000,000 bushels. Wheat, 111,530,(100 " Rye, 31,350,000 " Oats, 176,000,000 " Buckwheat, 11,674.000 Barley, 5,735,000 " What an enormous quantity this, for only twenty millions of people, and that people, too, not graminivorous: but essentially a meat-eating race. Aid to the Volvnteers. The lower House of the Mississippi Legislature has passed a bill appropriating $15,000 for the benefit of the volunteers from that State now in the field. Mississippian. It was quite different with our Whig Legislature. Tbey would not even pay the expenses of the Adj. Gen. of the State for his able services in collecting the volunteers and mustering them into service. Let the government pay, volunteers and all, that we may make its expenditures the greater, to humbug the people, say they. Clat vs. Taylor. The Whig General Committee of N. Y. have passed resolutions strongly in favor of Henry Clay for the Presidency. The Courier and Enquirer declares the proceeding "grossly improper,' and says: "The Whig General Committee was appointed to carry into effect the organization and wishes of the Whig party, and not for the purpose of dictating to it by nominating candidates for their suffrages ! The whole proceeding, therefore, is not only in bad taste. but exceedingly presuming on the part of the Com mittee and offensive to the Whig party. They have arrogated to themselves powers not granted by their constituents; and in .so doing, have outraged the feelings of the Whig party and trifled with its organ ization. They have, in our opinion, by this act, vir tually vacated their offices, and should resign their places. But this they will not do; and it may become serious question with the Whig mends ot uen. layior, whetner tney win not immediately elect a new General Committee which will condescend to perform the duties required of them, instead of dic tating to the Whig party whom tbey shall advocate for the Presidency. Ihe- Journal of commerce says: "the Uouner is getting very bold on. party questions, and we begin to fear it will crowd us out of our position on the politi cal areaa." (7"The Journal keeps up its howl about the ex pense of the Fremont trial. Does it not know that the cause of trial was an attempt of a whig officer to ruin a brother officer because he was a democrat 1 And that this course, of attempting to ruin the characters cf Democratic officers, was commenced and is sustained by Mexican Whig papers 1 If it does not, it should learn it.

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INDIANAPOLIS, Direct Taxation. The whig papers, especially those in the West, have always made the subject of "Direct Taxation" a great bugbear ; and, demagogae-like, have always labored to make the people believe that democrats only were in favor of it. The only real opposition to it on their part, that we could ever see, arose from the fact that that party was ever expecting to get into power ; and if they were successful, that mode would do away with thousands of offices, of which there exist scarce ly enough to satisfy them, and hence the democrats, if their charges were true, would have the credit, and tbey their 'labor for their pains." But who would suppose that leading and influential whigs, and whig editors, would now have mounted this as a favorite hobby? It may be, that they only desire it now, as a means to embarrass the Government, and "aid and comfort" the enemy, by charging its necessity, and then manufacturing political capital out of it. Let their object be what it may, the people can see by the following which party favors it most. The following is from the Boston Atlas : Direct Taxation. He rejoice that Mr. Wilmot has introduced into the bill for referring the President's message, .yc, an amendment proposing direct taxation, "upon certain kinds of property, to raise five millions of dollars annually for the support of the war with .Mexico. Mr. Wilmot thought war should be supported bv extraordinary taxation, and that means should not be obtained from a tax upon tea and coffee, which would fall mainly upon the laboring classes but rather upon those who had stocks and money at interest. He would make such pay the expenses of the war. This is the proper course. It is not only just in itself but expedient. Let the people in this way, re alize the actual inconvenience of war, and they will take measures at once to bring about a peace. On which the Journal of Commerce remarks : The above is from a leading whig paper in Boston. The whigs in Congress having since almost unanimously repudiated the proposition, lest it should in terfere with high tana interests, we are anxious to see by what evolution our brother chips will wheel into line. Men who follow party leaders have a very tortuous and inconsistent course to pursue. We pity them from the bottom of our hearts." To show the "strength of parties" who voted for the foregoing proposition in Congress, we give the following analysis of the 44 who voted in the affirms tive : iVXig. Democrats. Maine, 4 Massachusetts, 4 New York, 13 5 New Jersey, 2 Pennsylvania, 2 Virginia, 1 South Carolina, 2 Texas, 1 Tennessee, 3 Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, ' 1 o Total, 24 20 N. Y. Evening Post. 'Caleb B. Smith. Ot- Now that the whigs are going it for General Taylor, it is well to refresh their reccollections of universal whigdom by General Taylor's letters. Let the whigs read the two specimens below and be edihed : From Gen. Taylor's letter to the Native Americans, dated at Monterey, July 13, 1947.1 'My willingness to yield to the wishes of the peo ple at large, and to serve them in the office of the Chief Magistracy, snould they fully and unanimously place its weighty responsibilities upon me, lias been more than once expressed ; but lam not wiling to be a candidate of any party, to pledge myself to any political creed, save that which proceeds directly from the Constitution, and the best and paramount interests of the country, and which they solemnly demand. If e.ccted to the Presidential office it must be with out any ogency of my own (it certainly will be at variance with my most cherished aspirations,) and to those duties I must go unlrameUed by party pledges of every character. "Should the people nominate and elect (and there is ample space for this previous to the time of the elec tions) some one of the gifted statesmen of the country to represent its highest interests, I should hail the measure with joy. lrrom Gen. lavlors letter to Dr. Bronson, of Charleston, S. C, dated at Monterey, August 10, 1347. "1 deem it proper, in reply to your letter, distinctly to repeat that I am not before tht people of the United Slates as the candidate for the next Presidency. It is my great desire to return at the close of this war to the discharge of those professional duties and to the enjoyment of those domestic pursuits from which I was called at its commencement, and for which my tastes and edjeation best fit me. "I deem it but due to candor to state, at the same time, that, if I were called to the presidential chair by the general voice of the people, without regard to their political differences, I should deem it to be my duty to accept tue office. But while I freely avow my attachment to the administrative policy of our early Presidents, I desire it to be understood that I cannot submit, even in thus accepting it, to the exaction of any other pledges as to the course I should pursue. then that of discharging its functions to the best of my ability, and strictly in accordance with the require ments of the constitution. "I have thus given you the circumstances under which only can 1 be induced to accept the high and responsible office of President of the United States. I need hardly add, that I cannot, in any case, permit myself to ba brought before the people exclusively by any of the political parties that now so unfortunately divide our country, as their candidate for this office." Tatlorism. The New York Express seems to be entirely cured or laylonem. Luke many other influential Whigs, those even to whom that party owes whatever of strength it ever possessed, can't swallow another candidate who will not, cannot, or dare not avow his political principles. Tyler did then, some good, at any rate, if they are honest in their political opinions. Among numerous evidences ot the same kind, we give the views of the Express, because it is a paper that wields a political influence second to no other whig paper in New York. "Never wa so preposterous a claim set up for mor tal man, as that which General Taylor's partizans are setting up for him upon this Whig party ; at least as lung as they keep him in the position he now stands. We Whigs, at least in this part of the Union, are not do thal wc can be ed by a halter flrany man We have principles that we cherish and that we love and if General Taylor personifies these principles, he is an acceptable candidate to us for the Presidency but to vote for him in the dark, "to go it blind," as the phrase is, is a fatuity we cannot dream of, and that we have been fatally warned against in all our previous attempts in that sort of folly.' Our Soldiers in Mexico. If there is any hard fighting to be done in Mexico, it will not be done by these w retches ; but, if there is any flying from the presence of an enemy, they will be undoubtedly at the head of the fugitives, and distance all competing heels. Louisville Journal. Header, put this in your scrap book, and Lead it, "specimen of whig patriotism." Voters, prepare this fall at the ballot box to vindicate your brothers and sons, who have bravely fought the enemy in Mexico ; and a defeat, such as the enemy received at their hands, will attend their sympathising friends hers at borne. Cin. Enq.

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MARCH 2, 1848. Shocking Inhumanity. The testimony taken up on the trial of one James Goodwin, for the murder of hia wife, at Montreal, on the 30th ult., discloses a deree of brutality seldom reached by any creature bearing the form, and claiming the character of humaniIt seems that this man Goodwin, who had a fam ily, a house and something of an establishment, for some reason which does not clearly appear, turned Lis wife out of doors, and refused to allow her to enter the house again, dead or alive. She was supposed to be partially deranged, and took refuge in a pig'pen, near the house, wüere she lived from November until February, when she starved and froze to death. We make the following extracts from the testimony given at the Coroner's inquest : Rev. F. S. Neve Resided on the Ottawa, about six miles from the residence of the prisoner. In consequence of something which he had heard in the month of December, läli, he believed that the de ceased was in a pig-pen. near the residence of her husband. Prisoner said he had not confined her, but had turned her out of his house, and that she had gone to the pig-pen herself that she might get out as sue got in that she was vcrv comloriable. as she had plenty of straw, and that she received food from his family. Witness saw the body of deceased in a pig-pen, after her death. It was horribly emaciated, and had on it onlv one rarment. with a can. and nur c - r ' eet there was straw strewed over the pen, and a coverlet ; but no bed whatever. The only door to the pen was a hole about three feet high, where he supposed the animals were accustomed to go in. The hole was open: and there were other open holes. The weather had been very severe, and there was no fire. On the removal of the rags from one of the feet, part of the foot was found to be gone, as it cut on with a coarse axe. Ihere were bruises on her face, which might have been caused by her turning on her face. The body was drawn up, and the wrists clutched a tin vessel, which would con tain about half a pint. Prisoner did not attend the inquest; but pursued his ordinary avocations. He told the prisoner, when he saw him before the death of the deceased, that if he would take care of his wife, he (Mr. Neve) would pay him for it. Prisoner refused. Mary Goodwin, sister of the prisoner: Prisoner and deceased had been married twenty years ; they had seven children, of whom the youngest was twelve years the 2bth of last December. Deceased came in to the pen the first week in November, and died the first week in February. She continued there till she died. She came out twice and got a drink at the house. She did not get into the house during all that time when 6he went to the door he ordered her off. This was only once. He told her to go out of his 6ight, for she had denied him being her lawful hus band. Prisoner allowed deceased to be fed by her children. They used to go into her at first; but afterwards she did not ; but sent word by the children to inquire after her feet, which witness knew were frozen. When the children told prisoner of her feet being bad, he mare plasters and sent them out. When the deceased went into the pig-pen she had a good gown with a nice quilled skirt and a cap, but nothing else. Witness afterward took her a quilt and then, as she was complaining of the cold, gave her another. Deceased was fed the night before she died, She had a teapot and a tin with bread and meat and the children took the food, and brought the vesse back again. hen the children took her breakfast in the morning their mother was dead. Witness was neither ruler nor governor ot the house, and did not like to insist upon anything, and prisoner refused to admit deceased in the cold weather, when they expect ed her to die. John Alex. Sturgeon, M. D. He was requested in rebrunry last to go and see the dead body of the wo man in the pig-pen. He hnd to creep in on his hands and knees with great difficulty, in consequence of an accumulation of substances within. The smell was bo offensive he was obliged to retire. Having had the roof removed, he found some straw, under that clean quilt, and under that a quilt or cloak. She was crouched up with her knees up to her chest ; the body was frozen into a complete mass of ice up to the mid die, and the arms were quite rigid, being stiffened by death and frost. There was nothing on the body but a cap, a sort o belt about the breadth of a hand under the breast, and some rags on the leet. ihe body was put on a door to take it ln-doors: prisoner objected, because he said he had sworn she should never enter, dead or alive. Prisoner was remonstrated with, and the body was taken inside. The night when she was said to have died was fearfully cold; the only way in which he could account for her living 60 long in such weather was that she was insane. Iisane people are less sen sible to cold than others. She could not have eaten for thirty-six hours the indications were those of starvation for a considerable time. The frost would have been enough to kill her; but it had not time to do so ; death was caused by a determination of blood to the extremities, which was induced by exposure to cold and starvation. The pig-pen was seven feet square, and where the woman lay only two foet four inches high. I his wretch of a husband was acquitted of murder and convicted of manslaughter. We place the following on file to be kept before the people in the coming campaigns, that they may be fully aware of the result of electing men of the whig party. entertaining such dishonorable sentiments, not to say treasonable, against the defenders of our country and its honcr. Those acquainted with the officers named, and the brave men who went forth with them, will duly appreciate the whig slander, that they were "fit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils" that they were reckless enough to rob churches, &c. Our readers will also take due notice of the last paragraph ; and Indianians will remember thai Mr. Orth is to come ampng them as a whig elector. Keep this endorsement of him, and no matter how he may attempt to honey it over when before you, tell him that he, by his silence up to this time, has endorsed the traitorous slan der of the Tippecanoe Journal, from which paper we copy: Disgraceful. Our State Legislature has disgraced itself and the State, by passing resolutions, tendering thanks to Capts. Simonson and Ford, and accepting from them articles ot .Mexican Armor, 1 or trait of a Saint, Daily Meditations, Prayer Brxk, &c, purportin? to have been taken from the "UalU of the Montezumas." It was to be expected, that there were those among our troops in Mexico, who were "fit for trea sons, stratagems, and spoils" men who were reck less enough to rob churches, and bear away the "household gods" from the domestic altar; but never had we entertained an idea so humiliatiug, as that our General Assembly would receive the fruits of such robbery with a vote of thanks, and order them to be placed in the State Library as "trophies of war. Oehame! where is thy blush 1 We are glad to see that Mr. Orth hid the hon esty and independence to-oppose this scandalous proceeding. The whigs are attempting to get up a coarse cotton panic, and also an iron panic, aunougn it is ascertain ed that so far from ruining the iron interest, renn sylvania alone has produced seventy millions pounds more of iron in 1847, than in the previous year. But we are to have all sorts of panics, for the purpose of operating on the presidential campaign. We should not be astonished at tbeir raising another "black bread" panic, which was so famous in 1844 in the log cabin of Richmond. I ashing ton Lnton. IlEAvr Damages. Thirty-three thousand dollars have been awards to Mr. Rives, formerly of the Washington Globe, by the commissioner appointed by the County Uoart or Northampton, to assess tne uamages of running the Sea Board and Roanoke Railroad over that portion of the Portsmouth and Roanoke Railroad owned by him.

Volume VII:::::::::Nuniuer 37.

FOREIGN NEWS r thi STE.i.V SHlP HIBERXXLi. Seven Uays Later from Euroe. Improvement in the Cotton Market. Ao change in Breadstuff s. Monetary Affairs, JfC. New York, Feb, 169 P. M. The Steamer Hibernia was announced at 5 o'clock this afternoon, by the offing-telegraph, and reached hex wharf about a half an hour since. She sailed from Liverpool on the 29th ultimo, and therefore brings seien days later intelligence than was I rought by the Sarah Sands. I send you the following synopsis of the intelli gence brought by her : Liverpool. Jan. 29. Best western flour 29s. Cd.; Indian corn32s. 6d. per 430 lbs.; meal 14s. 6d. per 196 lbs. The market for breadstuffs was dull. The demand for cotton was good, and prices advanced id. in lower and middling qualities cf Uplands. No change in Orleans and Mobije. The Bank of England has reduced its rates to 4 per cent. Sales of the week of cotton amounted to 25,580 bales. The London flour market was dull. The following were the prices prevailing in Liverpool, according to Brown &. Shipley's circular, at the time of the departure of the two preceding steamers, with which comparisons can be made of the prices given above by the Hibernia. January 14. January 22. Flour, western canal, 2s. Cd. a 29. Od. S8i. Od. a 23. Od. I Jo. our S3. Od. a . 14. Od. a 14. 29. Od. a 32. Od. S3. Od. a Si. Od. ed. 4. od. a 14. od. d. 30. Od. a 3i. Od. Corn Mril Indian corn Italy. The news from Italy is important, in showing that a political revolution has begun in the country, which promises, through its influences, to regenerate all the misgoverned States of Continental Europe. The Pope is steadily proceeding with his political reformations. Tuscany is following his example. Sardinia promises not only to support the Pope against foreign interference, but to reform Us political institutions, and Naples is in open insurrection. In the midst of these important events the British government has sent, for the first time since the expulsion of James II, in 1688, an ambassador to Rome; and Austria, terrified by the Pope's threat of excommunication, and of appealing to the sword, has stopped, at least for the present, in its aggressive march upon Italy. .All these events promise the redemption of Italy from the paralyzing rule of Austria, and its regeneration from that ecclesiastical bondage under which it has been so long declining. Its redemption and regeneration have been commenced in the right quar ter, by the proper person at home, by the head of the Catholic church. Napoleon did much for Italy, his native country. Cut his policy tended more to aggrandize France, and to improve Italy as its dependency, than to establish its independence and make it .what it is capable of becoming, one of the strongest powers in Europe. Under his rule it was never united. In subverting the multitude of petty States into which the treaty of Utrecht left it divided. he established Beveral republics, and finally divided it into the kingdoms of Italy and Naples. At the gen eral peace in 1815, Austria took the Northern portion, including Venice and Milan, and the remainder was divided among the Pope, the Kings of Naples and Sardinia, the Dukes of Tuscany and Modena, and several other sovereigns ; and the policy of the gov eminent concerned in that treaty of abominations. Russia, Austria and Prussia, has b?en the prevention of all improvement, for the prevention of all union. They have kept it distracted by internal jealousies, as the most effectual mode of keeping it in subjec tion. But a new day has dawned upon it ; a prophet has risen, to lead it in its exodus from the Egyp tian bondage of Austria to union, emancipation and improvement. The Pope is the great reformer of the age ; and for this office he wields a power betöre which th? deepots of Europe tremble. He is the spiritual head of that church which reigns throughout Italy, bpain, Portugal, Austria, Poland, France, Belgium, a portion of bwit zerland, and a large portion of Germany, and seven eighths of Ireland. Austria has attempted to usurp the direction of this church, as an instrument of political despotism, and has therefore labored to keep its subjects in superstitious ignorance. Ihis tyran nical policy now reacts against it, and the spiritual thunders of the Vatican paralyze the arms of its sub jects, when raised against the rising liberties of Italy. Never was this thunder launched in a holier cau3e; and may the head of the Catholic church continue to launch it, till despotism disappears wherever a Catho lic altar is raised. Considering the far-seeing, statesman-like sagacity of the Pope, we expect from him something more than the political regeneration of Italy. We foresee the spiritual purification of the Catholic church from all the abuses which have crept into it since Constantine united it with the Slate, in 325. Pa. Ledger. From the Journal of Commerce. Messrs. Editors : Mr. Clay wishes Congress pass a resolution declaring the object of the war. to Such a resolution must be of obligatory effect, or not. If not, it is a puerility, leading to no good re suit, but to an obviously bad one, by embarrassing the diplomacy of the country. If obligatory, it must be fallowed. Now, suppose Congress to comply, and to pass a resolution declaring the objects of the war to be to secure Texas with the Nueces for the boundary. Then, suppose a treaty duly made by the treaty, making power of the government, establishing the Rio Grande for the line; which would be part of the Supreme Law of the land, the treaty or the resolution ! . 'Again, Judge McLean advises Congress to incorporate with the military supply bill, resolution ordering the President to withdraw the troops. If the Judge had put his clause into the civil supply bill, would his salary be paid, should the President veto the bill 1 If Congress can force the President to accept laws in this singular manner, is there not danger that he may be placed in a situation some day, when the penalty will be bis own $25,000, if be refuse to comply 1 Whence does congress derive the power to order troops about! If from the Constitution, from what part of ill Has it not just as much right to order a Court Martial as to order a march 1 Is Congress Commander-in-Chief, or is it the President ! I am of opinion all that has been advised lately, in the premises, is flagrantly unconstitutional, and could wish to be corrected, if I am in error. 1 believe that one of the reasons for creating the Executive, waa to put a power that all experience has shown cannot be wielded to advantage by many, under the control of one. The old Congress proved this, aa did the celebrated Aulic Council of the old German confederation. While the last was sending couriers to and fro, with its orders, the French acted. Congress can easily put an end to this war, if it see fit, by disbanding the army. This is power enough, assuredly ; but the body that uses it, must "take the responsibility." Congress should not have gone to war, if it did not wish the Commander-in-Chief to carry it on. What are the "objects" of any war, but the best peace which circumstances will suffer to be made ! in 1775, America went to war with England to resist unjust taxation; in July, 1776, this object had expanded into Independence. These "objects" can grow, as well as the power of Congress, agreeably to modern construction. Excuse me, gentlemen, I am no whig, for this I have remarked in the whigs, when they get the President, then the President is all in all in the government; when they get the Senate, that body at once becomes the salt of the earth ; and now they have got the House, the House is tu be the preponderating branch of the government If they should get all three, they would have to place Mr. Clay on ore of their platforms, Mr. Webster on another, arid Judge McLean on the third, ror one, 1 coniess i snouia like to look at the Constitution when thee three expounders had done with it, if indeed any of it should happen to be leu to examine. uu; iiiui.

For the Statt Sentinel. Twilight Hoar. At twilight bour, I lova to steal, Unseeu, oobcaid, where none are sear. To oorte tbt pensive pain I feel, And thed alone fond memory's tear. At that loved hour, weet thoughts arie. Of friends by absence made more dear. Fond cherished hope, long eveied ties, And blighted feeliogs, cold and tear. Then thought reverts to other dajs. Sweet tune are heard, lovel farms appear, And memory teilt tif othtr days, . Breathed to fond friendship' list'oing ear. To clap the heart, in thought I fir. Which never coldly met wi'h mine, And lead the gieetmg of lht eye. That ever said, my heart i twine. Then give to me the twilight bour. And let me love ou fancy's wine, III isit ihoe wb alone have power, To softe o memotj's puignaut sting.

LU. Highly Import:istt from Mexico a Trea ty I 1'eace sigiiwi. Petersburg, Vs., Feb. 21, P. M. The steamship New Orleans had arrived at New Orleans on the 15 Ji, having sailed from Vera Cruz on' the 6th instant. Mr. Traner, the Delta's Mustang, had arrived at Vera Cruz in four days from the Capital, with dispatches from General Scott containing a Treaty of reace. The Mexican Congress assented and General Scott took the responsibility of accepting, and the Trvaty was signed on the 1st of February. We nave se cured the boundary of the Rio Grande, New Mexico and upper California for a pecuniary consideration which is a trifle compared with the propositions at the conference at Tacubaya. The expedition against Orizaba was principally in tended to rapture Santa Anna at Tehuacan, who es caped through the treachery of a Mexican. Mr. Iraner was expected at New Orleans in the steamer Ins. Later. Mr. Traner arrived at Mobile in the Iris on the 16th inst. Fremont's Sentence Remitted Pence lluiuor-Arrivul from l'eiiucolu. Philadelphia, Feb. 21st. The President has remitted Fremont's sentence. which was dismissal from service, and baa ordered him to duty. Sundry letters have been received, all of which confirm the peace rumors current during the last three or four days. It is stated that the Mexican Commissioners accede to Mr. 'Prist's original terms: the latter agreeing that the United States shall keep an army of 12,000 to protect the Mexican Govern ment. The Prussian Minister at Washington, has received letters confirming the report that an officer is on his way to Washington with peace proposals. Ihe ships Independence, CongreM and Cayne were still at Mazatlan, maintaining the blockade. On the 2d of December all was well. The ship Saratoga has arrived at New York from Penacola. During her passage, which was very boisterous, she lost two men overboard. Washington, Feb. 22, P. ZI. The Treaty of Peace is signed by Mr. Trist and three Mexican Commissioners. It proposes a cessation of hostilities and our gov ernment to settle all claims against Mexico. It is thought the President will communicate the treaty immediately for the Senate's consideration. Mr. Adams is still living but unable to epeak. Capt. Barclay of the New York Volunteers, and Maj. Webster, son of the Senator, died in Mexico. SECOND DESPATCH. Mr. Adams has not been removed from the Capital. Mr. Clay is with him. 6ympatizing deeply the tears coursing down his manly cheeks. Congress met, but adjourned on account of the ill ness of Mr. Adams. The treaty with Mexico provides fr the withdraw al of our troops three months after its ratification. From Central America. Philadelphia, Feb. 22. There has been a revolution at Guabmila, favora ble to Monarchy, headed by Padre Tobos against I Larrera. Large bodies of troops from Camayagua and Leon had concentrated on the San Juan river, on account of the recent demonstrations of the British on Truxillo. Dispatches, however, had been receive! from Lord Palmers ton, stating that the Masquita difficulties with Central America concerning the boundary bad been settled. POSTSCRIPT. Owing to an accident on the Rail Road, we did not receive our southern mail till late last evening. The only news of importance, we select from the Telegraphic despatches of the Cincinnati papers. Washington-, Feb. 23, 6 P. M. The Hon. John Quincy Adams is still breathing. Senate. A message from the President was received recommending communication relative to the Treaty with Mexico. Mr. Sevier moved to refer the President's message relative to the Treaty to the Committe on Foreign relations, which was agreed to and the Message ordered to be printed. Mr. Cass gave notice that he would ask leave to. present a resolution to stop debate on the Ten Regiment bill to-morrow. Mr. Mason thought circumstances had occurred which render further debate unnecessary and he hoped it would cease. Mr. Cass wanted an immediate vote, as he thought delay would be fatal. Several members participated in the incidental dis cussion which sprang up. Here the Telegraph between Philadelphia and Baltimore got out of order. Foreign Items. Möns. Garvain, the Cruikshank of France, is now in London engaged in taking sketches of John Bull. The cabmec, watermen and Billigsgate fish-women have been sketched to the life, and they will aoon appear in the Paris Charivari. Ca lc raft, the public executioner, has a brother who has recently been sentenced to imprisonment for stealinrr rnttun f nrnin ! Messrs. Sands, Lent & Cs., have purchased the celebrated performing elephant called "Jenuy Lind, which is to be shipped immediately for the United States. A provincial paper gives as a reason why it cannot publish the President's Message, that it measures fifteen feet and three inches in length of an ordinary newspaper. It is stated that the large silver tar, which was sunk into the navement before the altar, and on the supposed site of the manager, jn the Church of the Nativity, at Bethelhem, has been stolen. . A young man of Nottingham recently picked a small piece of skin from the side of his thumb nail. The trifling wound became inflamed, mortification ensued, and the man died. The Glasgow Athencum made a prominent feature of the speech of Charles Dickens at the first grand soiree of the institution, but the speech of Master Box proved a complete failure. i . When Tawell, the murderer, was nung, all his property was confiscated to the Crown. It has recently been given to his unfortunate widow. Ihe Queen has actuary engaged the services of the celebrated Mrs. Lilley. This implies a vast deal more than meets the eye. Mrs. Lilley is Her Majesty's "monthly nurse," and she is never sent for unless some "interesting e ent" is about to take place. She is commanded to be at Buckingham Pah cc in about one mouth. Bulletins, ringing of bells and firing of cannon, may therefore be expected about these days," as the almanacs say. Our rountryman, Mr. George Cat! in, is now in England, preparing a new work on England and the English, fur the press. His model of the Falls of Niagara is now on exhibition at Cambridge, and it t highly spoken of by the press of that town. ftrThe London Chronicle nays : Some of tSfl most eminent men in ths State hava opposed, in tho most earnest and dignified manner. the continuance of the (Mexican) war on any pretext whatsoever; and the whig party generally seemed ditposed lo give tnem as neat ly a support as is consistent with their wish not to damage the chances of the vhig candidate for the Presidency. i mis teuow understands the whig.