Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 7, Number 29, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 January 1848 — Page 1

INDIANAPOLIS, JAM AKY 1, 1S48. I-XTEB.NAL IuPKOVEME.MTS BV THE GENERAL GOVERNMENT. To the exclusion of ether milter, we copy the message of the President, discussing this subject, which was recently seat to the Hou3e of Representatives. The message was promptly assailed in the House, and some of the assaults appear to U3 to have been hasty and unfair. It will meet with no better fate from the opposition press generally. It would look just as well, it seems to us, if these whig editors would let their readers see what thj positions of the President really are, before they condemn them by wholesale. It may be very safe to appeal to the supposed desire of our people to get appropriations from the public treasury; such has always been the course of the whig leaders ; and they have found a few imitators among democrats. Such has not been our course, nor do we believe it will be that of a majority of the people. We may differ with the President as to his conclusions, but he shall at least have the benefit of being heard by our readers. They will admit that some of his objections are well put : our State experience is an example of their truth which we think will have its effect. We shall have something more to say oa this subject. - Want of space debars us at present.

Our popular Druggist, Craighead, met with a singular accident on Wednesday evening. He was in the act of forcing a cork into an eight ounce vial, w hich being of thin glass was crushed under his hand. The j&gged points of the vial cut his hand badly, and one entered on the inner part of the wrist, about midway, partially severing an artery. The blood spurted out with great force, and but for the immediate assistance of persons present who applied pressure to the artery, and thus partially stopped the flow of blood, the consequences might havo been serious. Drs. Mothershead and Parry, assisted by Dr. Gaul, subsequently applied a ligature to the wounded artery, and the patient, we believe, is now doing well. The Ohio Flood. The river papers continue to give details of the destructive effects of the late flood, hut u.-f run snare room lor nut lew oi litem. The Cincinnati Commercial gives an account of a terrible calamity which occurred in Clermont county, - about 35 miles above Cincinnati: :"On the night of the 15th inst.,at about 10 o'clock, jP5i as uiey nerc piepanug 10 ju 10 ueu, uimjr-io i : u i i -1 r.... i. a.j ;.. r persuu) n uu nuu lauen iciujjc iioui wie uuuu in mi great new brick building, at the late Fourier Settlemeut, (the water having reached the second floor,) heard the building beginning to give way, and discovered that the walls were falling! Some jumped out into the water, whilst those that remained were crushed and buried in the ruins. "In about five minutes the whole of that beautiful fabric, was a shapeless mass of immersed ruins, with but fifteen of its inmates breathing the breath of life! SEVENTEEN HAVING FOUND A TOMB! Not a murmur or a groan was heard from the crushed and smothered victims', for the waters swept darkly and deeply over them. The dim moonlight looked down calmly and undisturbed upon the wreck that over whelmed the unseen dead, while the heart rending cries from the living echoed fearfully in the hills." A house fell down in Warsaw during the flood, and killed three persons. Johnson's new pork-house at the foot of Vine street, Cincinnati, fell down on Wednesday evening last, with a tremendous crash. It was reported that several persons had been buried in the ruins. The Lawrenceburh Register has a long account of the Etage of the flood at that place, and the loss and suffering it produced. It thes sums up the material items: The heaviest losers by the flood are our millers and distillers. Messrs. Barr &. Febiger have lost a good deal by damage to machinery, and the loss of their hog pens. They also lost about 300 hogs, by drowning in the streets, theft, &c. They had 25 or 30 thousand bushels of corn in the cribs; all of which is wet, butit being frozen, it is thought that none of it will be lost. It will be mashed and distilled as fast as possible. $3,0t0 will cover their entire los. .Lewis & Eichelberger have lost perhaps, $2,500 or $3.000. Milton Gregg will lose $500. Nevitt's slaughter bouse on the canal bank has fallen. Tbc pork-house is but little Injured. Thurston St Payne's warehouse containing 3,000 bushels of corn owned by D.Macy.Esq., and 200 tons bay in bales, owned by Thurston &. Payne floated off, and lodged li miles below town. Dr. Grower's Lath Mill and Carpenter shop at the basin are both gone. The saw-mill above town is floated from its foundation. Wm. Tates Si. Son's new warehouse is off its foundation, but will be got back. They will lose about $l,t:i)Oof lumber. Tnirty or forty dwellings are gone from the town. Some have lodged in the BtreeU and have blocked up the way. Efforts will be made to re-establish these dwellings in their proper places. Moseley's Sash Supportes. -This is the name of a simple and useful contrivance, patented, for applying tö windows, actin J as fasteners, and supports, by which the sash is retained in its place at any desirable height and effectually fastened in any position. Its excellence consists in its simplicity ; from which, it is almost impossible to get it out of order, when the frame is properly made. It is also easily applied. Mr. Gilmore is now in the city, and is prepared to fill any orders which he may be houored with. Sevenl have had them applied in the city, and they appear to give general satisfaction. They may be seen at Yandes's Leather Store, Little's New Brick, and several other places Tom Corwin. In the Senate of Ohio, Dec. 23d, a petition was presented from citizens, whigs and democrats, of Knox county, praying the Legislature to recall Thomas Corwin from the Senate of the United States and imprison him in the penitentiary, in consequence of his traitorous course in relation t the Mexican War. The petition occasioned an "acrimonious debate," but by a vote of all the Senators but three, it was referred to a committee to report upon. We think, if the Legislature should act in accord" ance to the prayer of the petitioners, that it would have a favorable influence upon the Mexican whig leaders generally. Mock Legislatcre. A correspondent in the north part of the State writes us, that "Having established a Mock Legislature in our vicinity, it becomes necessary that we should have the rules," etc. "of the Legislature of Indiana." We have sent our friend two copies of the rules of former legislatures; and would take this occasion to suggest to him, and through him to his friends, that it would be not a bad plan to subscribo for some of the Indianapolis papers, which would give full reports of the proceedings of the present whig legislature. We are requested to say that tho person who took a young lady's Bracelet from a table at the fair, on Tuesday evening last, (probably in the way of a joke!) is requested to return it, personally, if conicnient, or through any other medium. As they are known, and the joke is long enough, it may conclude in a manner not desired by-vthe loser, nor to be entiei by the joker, -a publication of the "neat trick." Give it up, little 'on J-j-Eds. Alabama. The Hon. Dixon H. Lewis has been re-elected to the Senate of the United States from Alabama .or six years iroui tue 4 in of Maren lat.

Published every Thursday. Tie War. Some half dozen different series or resolutions have been already introduced iuto the two Houses of Congress, relative to the Mexican war. We have already copied the equivocal resolutions of Mr. Calhoun. Those of Senator Dickinson of N. Y. are as follows : "Resolved, That true policy requires the govern ment of the United States to strengthen its political and commercial relations upon this continent by the annexation of such contiguous territory as may conduce to that end, and can be justly obtained, and that neither in such acquisition or in the territorial organization thereof can any conditions be constitu tionally imposed, or institutions be provided for, or established, inconsistent with the right of the people mereor 10 lorm a ire sovereign stale, witn the pown State, with the powers and privileges of the original members of the confederacy. 'Resolved, That in organizing a territorial eovernment for territory belonging to the United States, the principles of self-government, upon which our federative system rests, will be best promoted, the true spirit and meaning of the constitution be observed, and the confederacy strengthened by leaving all questions concerning the domestic policy therein to the Legislatures chosen by the people thereof." The last resolution would, perhaps, be more com plete and satisfactory to the south, if to the words chosen by the people thereof" were added "when they become a Slate." These two resolutions embody the whole antidote to the Wilmot proviso and Missouri compromise, and are most nearly akin to Mr. Dallas's speech on the subject, delivered at Pittsburgh. Mr. Holmes, of S. C, offered a resolution in the House, that proposes to recede to Mexico all the territory taken from her beyond the Rio Grande, on certain conditions of ingress, egress, and right of way, for convenient purposes. Mr. Richardson, of Illinois, offered resolutions in favor of prosecuting the war, affirming its justice on our part and declaring that it should be continued until the U. S. obtained full indemnity for previous injuries, and the expenses of the war. One substitute was offered by Mr. Stevenson, of Georgia, for withdrawing our troops, and negotiating for a i indemnity. Another by Mr. Rotts, of Virginia, declaring thit the Americans were the aggressors, the war unjust, and the President to blame for the consequences. A third by Mr. Thompson, of Indiana, in favor of negotiating for Upper California and Monterey, and opposing other territorial conquests by the war, and declaring that the movements of our army produced the war. These substitutes, with the original resolution, were air laid over.. The Washington correspondent of the Journal of Commerce 6ayt The Committc on Ways and Means has been urged by the Secretary of the Treasury to report, without delay, a bill authorizing a loan of seventeen millions. The Committe have addressed inquiries to him as to the specified purposes for which the money is to be used. The Committee will report the bill, I suppose, but some 6ay they will embarass it with a provision for levying direct taxes, in order to make the people feel the burden ot the war. The 6ame writer further says The whigs must either take an opposition line of policy, or fall in with that ot the President. The motives which induced them to vote for the war bill, will induce tiiem to vote for all the supplies necessary to continue it viz.: fear of the people. But they will do this they will resist the proposed establishment of permanent civil government in the Californias and New Mexico, and may adopt some provisions in referrence to the supply of money, other than the expedience of loans. The whigs will, I think, propose to raise the money to carry on the war by requiring direct "military contributions" at home. They will then make the people feel the et us of war. Foreign IVcws. The Steamship Ilibernia arrived at Boston, Dec. 25th, bringing fifteen days later news from Liverpool and London. Additional failures of a startling magnitude occur red in England before the 27th ultimo, but since then the money market has been easier, and the Bank of England, holding ten millions in specie, reduced its rates of interest to six per cent. Manufactures were im proving. Funds were advancing and everything looked better. The markets, however, were general ly depressed. A slight improvement was obtained for Cotton, be fore the arrival of the Caledonia, with flattering ac counts of the new crops, when prices receded i penny per pound. The markets for American Grains and Produce are depressed. And prices have slightly receded: Wheat ranged from 6 to 8s 3d per 70 lbs. The difficulties in Switzerland have been amicably adjusted, Lucerne surrendering to the Federal Army. The Sunderband was dissolved, and the Jesuits will be driven out. Ireland is in an awful condition. The Parliament was engaged on Commercial and financial affairs. ihe Koyal Bank of Liverpool bad resumed specie payments. Italy was becoming tranquil. The Chol era had appeared in Prussia. The Presidency-. Gov. Shunk Several of the Pennsylvania papers have hoisted the name of Gov. Shunk as the Democratic candidates for President. Gov. Shunk is undoubtedly a popular man among the sturdy democracy of Pennsylvania, and has done much towards regenerating that state, and placing it in the proud position which it oow occupies in the democratic column. He is ope of the firmest and most reliable democrats in the country, never afraid to "take the responsibility," of interposing the veto power when soulless corporations succeeded in getting dangerous or unconstitutional privileges granted by the Legisla ture; and would, we have no doubt make a glorious President. A writer in the Allentown, (ra.) Demo. erat thus justly speaks of him: - "That Gov. Shunk Dossesses. to the full measure, the requisite qualifica tions for the discharge of the sublime trust of Chief Magistrate of The Union, no one, who knows the man, will hesitate to believe. All his State papers are eloquent with the impress of a mind enlightened with the true spirit of Democracy honest in its aims unbending in its integrity, unceasing in its aspirations for the people's welfare, and unswerving in its vindication of the rizht. In short, he has the moral courage and Roman firmness of a JACKSON, and if elected, his administration would be a type of that great man's in its devotion to popular rights, and hatred and opposition to monopoly and privilege." Fort Wayne Sentinel. Qjr One of the first duties performed by Col. Lane, after landing at Vera Cruz, was to preside at a Court Martial, appointed to a try young man from Louisville for the killing of a corporal of one of the returning reffiments at a fandango the names of the parties not givec. The Court consisted of Col. Lane, President; Col. Cheatham, LL Col. Whitfield, Maj. Ward, Cant. Hull, and Capt. McDougan, Judge Advocate. Col. Thompson and Capt. Heady acted as counsel for the accused. We have not yet learned the result of the trial. Vf"We are pained to announce the death of Hon. Andrew Kexsedt. He died at a quarter past six on Friday evening, the 31st of December.

In the death of Mr. K. the State loses, in the prime ilttf DUt merely in mitigation of the momentous outof hia life and 'lawfulness, one of her mos, honored rage we committed in aoj'-urning. We are ereamreg

and distinguished sons.

INDIANAPOLIS, The S. P. Adj3iiriimciil. From the Investigator, Hancock Co.) This we look upon as one of the most ridiculous acts ever comm tted by men professing intelligence. The whole cause .of this trouble and expense is, that there is one single case of Small Pox in Indianapolis, which so perfectly alarmed and terrified this 150 brave band of public servants, that they abandonded the Capitol in a manner that far surpasses any retreat of Santa Anna since the commencement of he war, just as if the Small Pox was on uncommon disease in this country. We know to our own knowledge that it has appeared in almost every town of note in Indiana during the two past years, without producing any serious consequences of alarm. The tax-payers of the State will hold their Representatives responsible for this uncalled for additional expense which, will amount to thousands of dollars. From the same. The Scatf craliou. T SOL SLT. Aiserrbled in the halts of State The men of note and wisdum great In Solemn council sat, Deliberating on the means By which to get their poik and beans. And gloriously giow fat! A bustle rose (but not the kind Whcb ladies sometimes wear behind,) Among the grave men there; In ghastly fear some paced the floor, Whilst their long faces stiongly bore The marks of d-ep despair. One chap much calmer than the rest, His thoughts in this quaint way expressed Unto his friend the Speaker t H The Small Pox, Sir, is now in town ; I feel my head is whirliog ruund, My knee j ints giowing weaker." Another member rose and said He felt an aching io his head, And thought 'twas the Small Pox; He said that he w is haid to scare ; Yet be consideied members weie hi something like " i bad box. " Thereupon, another chap, With just below his uoe a gap Thiee inches wide or wider, Declared with emphasis that he, Than Small Pux have would rather be A victim to hard cider. Some twenty then tod oo the floor, But be who the ltd whiskers woie Got pref'ience of them all; His tyes were red, with redd r nose, Which bloomed as doth the damask rose, Ere nipp'd by early fall. M I in my band now hold a bill That must the taroal Small Pox kill As any herring dead ; And I would ask the House to hear, And lend to me a listening ear. In couitesy," he said. The bill read thus: "Resolved that we, The Legislature, do agree. As the Small Pox is raging Id Indianapolis, that we Our passage home had better be Immediately engaging. . The bill thus passed, the mileage pay Is due the members twice each way; They look'd to - number one j" And so the people, silent must Be ground still lower in the dust To pay for this rare fun. The Small Pox raging ! ha ! ha ! ha ! The idea would make u sheep bah ! And twist its lantern jaws ; Great set of Legislator, these, To make huge tiapa for catching fleas But not good, wholesome laws ! From the Jejfersonian, Richmond.) We know of nothing in modern legislation, so su premely ridiculous so utterly farcical as the pre cipitate and panic-stricken "vamosing" of the Indiana State Legislature, on acccunt of the existence of a case of small-pox in the city of Indianapolis. A bomb-6he!l thrown from Capt. Bragg s battery into their midst, could not have thrown this wise and dignified body into such a state of general panic. QrTha Rising Sun "Blade" defends the adjourn ment by a train of reasoning similar to that of Gen. Lowe. In the course of its article it states these facts, wuich we believe to be true: "It is proper to state that several members voted for the adjournment who were in reality opposed to it, but they voted thus rather than hold members there who were really afraid to stay. It is also supposed that some who were in favor of adjournment, and who were afraid to stay, voted against the adjourn ment, pecause they ft.lt confident that it would carry, and they were afraid that an adjournment vote would be unpopular with the people. All 6uch demagogues are hardly deserving the contempt of honorable men." (r The Legislature of the State adjourned on the 17th, to meet again on the Second Monday in January. General SmUf Pox, single handed, routed the gallant army of 130, 'norse, foot and dragoons.' Some were ready to give battle, but tue majority overruled and they made good their retreat without the loss of a single life. Not a wooden leg left behind as a trophy. Shelby t Me Volunteer. Fur the Indiana Stale Sentinel. The Adjournment. Indianapolis, Dec. 27, 1347. Messrs. Editors As there has been considerable speculation with reference to the adjournment of the legislature, and myself being one of the immortal number who favored it, I feel called upon to say something, and state my reasons for so doing. I was one of the committee to whom this matter was re ferred. I stated my views before that committee, as did each member of it. Myself, with several other of the committee, wrre personally opposed to the ad journment ; yet as to the policy or propriety of the legislature remaining in session, exposed as it was and had been to the contagion or the small pox, was a matter of serious doubt with me. ihis is a very loathsome and very contagious, and withal a very dan gerous disease ; and I did not feel willing to incur the responsibility ot saying with my vote, that they should not adjourn, and stay at the hazard of the life of one individual. 1 therefore concurred in the report or the committee and voted for the adjournment; and my further reasons for doing so are these : In tue first place I discovered from the alarm it created in a ma jority of the members, that it rendered them unfit to deliberate upon matters ot legislation, and without de liberate action upon matters that so vitally affect the interest of a community, I think we had better have no action at all, for with the most mature delibera tions we make matters bad enough. In the second place, a number of the members had gone home, a number had declared their intention to go at all hazards, and in all probability we would have been lelt without a quorum at least, a large portion of the State would have been unrepresented As to the policy oi mo adjournment, i nave not, me . ! .1 . I - .1 least doubt under the circumstances. It is a well known fact, that crowded assemblies have a tendency to engender disease (Sui generas) as well as to assist and render a contagion more malignant and suscepti ble of being propagated and being developed. If so be that this disease had occurred in some remote part of the city, I have no doubt but that it would have been very different, no one would nave thought ot au journing; but not so, it was ai one oi me principal hotels in the riiy, where some two hundred and btty persons roomed and boarded some fifty or 6ixty of whom were members, and an, wmi a tew exceptions, were exposed to the contagion ; and further, I believe that I will be justified in saying, that if the proper Bteps had been been taken immediately by the city au thorities, and Mr. Kennedy been removed from the Palmer House, to some convenient place provided for that use, that we would now be in our seats attending to our business : but lam sorry to say, that from the time that it was ascertained to be the small pox, up to the time of the adjournment a lapse of some two or three days not the first thing was done to circumscribe the disease to my knowledge, save what was done by Mr. Palmer, and those who were Mr. Kenne dyV immediate attendants. I do not state this, in tending to cast any reflections upon the city authori of circumstance, and there is one thing very certain,

JANUARY 6, 1848. that circumstances govern our actions and alter cases. It is very easy for he who lives a hundred miles from the seat of war to tell how be would fight, or dictate how it ought to be done; but place him in contact with the enemy, especially Euch an insidious one as this, and my word for it, he would think and act very different; and those very persons who have been foremost in deriding and pronouncing their vile anathemas upon the legislature, were they to pass this way, and had urgent business in th.s city, 1 doubt whether they would have the courage to stop, at leastif they did, they would come far short of stopping at the Palmer Iluuse ; and there are some in this city who have dealt out a ri"!l smart chance, using a down-east phrase, by way of bomb-shells, machine poetry, &c, who are the last larks to call at the Pal mer House, and I doubt very much whether they would sit in the same pew with one of its most humble inmates. S. K. Washington, Dec. 23, 1S47. To the Editors of the Indiana Slate Sentinel: We have' now chalked out for the consideration ofCongre8,no less than ten sets of resolutions in relation to the war. Four are democratic and 6ix are whig. The Calhoun democrats are opposed to the war, for the sake of maintaining their identity; but their lead is too sagacious and far seeing to lose the advantage of territory, although they repudiate the idea of conquest. The whig denouement shows too sorely to mistake, that Mr. Clay still holds the reins of that faction. The whole series of these w hig resolutions have their cue from him. They began to let off in the House on Tuesday, and hasting to be delivered of them, they were all broached and read for information of the House, as matter sought to be proposed as substitutes for the very pertinent and harmless resofulut.'i i-i of Mr. Richardson, of Illinois. I will describe sc;ne of these whi resolutions. Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, but echoes Mr. Clay, in t a. 1 t r a preamble and two resolutions ; out oenor ixnts, ot Virginia, beats him all hollow, coming out with a yronunciamento of fourteen particulars, numbered 1, 2, 3, &c. It is too long to repeat the whole Lere, but an abstract of it is worthy of a frame of ebony and a conspicuous place for reading in every whig tavern in the land. I owe it to the cause, and will do my best for the subject as follows: 1. The preservation of rational character is indispetita ble. 2. The war brings the national character into question. 3. And It was not brought on by the act of Mexico. 4. But it was brought on by the unauthorized act of the President. 5. We have no right to claim indemnity for its expenses. 6. It is inconsistent to exact territory of Mexico to which we have no right, and at the same time yield to Great Britain territory, our title to which was 6a id to be "clear and unquestionable. " 7. To exact indemnity from Mexico would devolve upon us the necessity of doing the same thing in all future wars. 8. New territory would invole the agitation of domestic difficulties. 9. If conquest is not the war object, there is no use in continuing troops in the heart of Mexico. 10. Congress has nothing to fear from the exhibition of magnanimity. 11. The means ot restoring peace would be, under certain preliminary arrangements, to withdraw our troops. 12. Our institutions repudiate the doctrine, that "might governs right," the freebooter's plea, and the pirate's law. 15. We are willing to pay an honest price lor a California harbor. 14. But. if the people, through their representa tives, say so, then it becomes the duty of all parties to go ahead with the war. The notice of this proposition was received with nine ha ! has ! The substitute of Mr. R. W. Thompson, of Indidiana, embraces six foundations for a treaty of peace proposing to purchase the east bank ot the xtio Grande, and those portions of JNew Mexico and Cali fornia lying north of ob, so as to include the harbor and bay of Monterey. Mr. Vandyke, of New Jersey, gave notice or a sub stitute, in which he resolves four times, as softly as possible, and says that the President's order to Lren. Taylor, to march to th ilio Grande, was a sad affair; but that his subsequent uuusion ot Mexico was a great deal worse; and therefore our troops ought to be withdrawn, and the President requested to send a Commissioner to Mexico to settle the account. But the notice by Mr. Toombs, of Georgia, though treated last iu thid list of subs, is nevertheless, in all respects, by far the best of the groupe. Feeling, as all of his co-workers in the opposition must, that he knows necessarily very little about the merits of details in this job, he marches up to the trough and makes a eingle assertion upon principle. He says it boldly. that "neither the honor nor the interest oi mis repuolie demands the dismemberment of Mexico, or the annexation of any portion of her territory to the United States, as an indispensable condition to the restora tion ot peace. Mr. Lincoln, of Illinois, (the only whig coming from that State,) after bracing himself up and breath ing upon the recital of several whereases, he resolves himself into a student of geography, and requires of the President to show the particular spot ot ground. which Mexico first stained with the blood of Amen can citizens. In the Senate, Mr. Johnson, of Md., has a resolu tion of inquiry after the number of regulars and vol unteers in the war service from its commencement till now, the number now in servive, and the number of soldiers and officers killed and dying of wounds; which lies over till Moi day. Mr. Vinton's bill to supply $1,0U0,U0U, in part the deficiency of the appropriation for army subsistence for the year ending June 30. 1Ö43, has passed the House, and is now before the Senate committee of finance. The Senate has also a bill to raise other ten regi ments of men, and a bill by Mr. Breese, of Illinois, to reduce and graduate the price of the public lands. Naval. Advices from San Francisco to the 2öth of July last, had been received by the New York Her ald. The Independence, Com. Shubnck, and Congress, Capt. La Valette, were at ban rrancisco. Ihe Dale, Selfridge, had sailed a few days previous for Monte rey. The Preble had not returned at that time from Callao. The sloop Warren, Hull, was at Monterey. The Portsmouth was off at Mazatlan. Later dates re port no vessel blockading that port. The Cyane, Dupont, had gone to the Sandwich Islands, and the Lexington, Bailey, about the middle of June was at Monterey, soon to sail with troops to Santa Barbara, and thence to San Jose. The Erie has orders to return home, and may soon be looked for in our bay. The United States ship Jamestown, Commander Mercer, bearing the broad penant of Commodore Bol ton, sailed from Port rraya Uct. J7th, lor Monrovia and Leeward coast. It is only nine years since the first gold pen was manufactured in this country ; now they are exported to Ennlaud in large quantities, where they sell for a guinea each. It is estimated that not less than one million of these articles are manufactured annually, consuming eight hundred pounds of gold. fiT-The American Tract Society employ 300 colporleurs in the United States, aud aro increasing in number. They expend $2,000 a week for gratuitous publications, and seek funds to extend their operations still further. fjr John Fixer, a negro, murdered another negro, named Samuel Julius, in the vicinity of New Albany,. la., on the 10th instant, and then made his CSCaoe. im uuizjiu, ouvsicu, ci.u .a ii-j r ij iui. . I . .- a ...'wJ b ....IaJ tr A .Mar . awaiting his trial.

it it it Volume VII:::::::::Xumber 29. j The Civil War in Switzerland Is generally spoken of as a war between the Protestant Cantons on one side and the Catholics on the other, and stimulated by that old animosity. Eut this is not the leading difficulty. The Jesuits are the chi f boi.e of contention, and they have over and over been expelled from Cutholic countries by the governments and people who found their knavish intrigues quite insupportable. The quarrel is chiefly between the aristocrats who have long governed Switzerland in the name if Republicanism, and the radicals who have within a few years past wrested a large portion of power from them, and more in the protestant than in the Catholic Can tons. It would, however, not be strange, if the old trouble should infuse itself more or less into the new controversy. As the new controversy is likely to bo 6oon of deep interest, we repeat Dr. j3ayard's account of it. In almost all the Cantons, the power, from the first. was in the hands of the noble and wealthy families. They were, in fact, aristocracies, rather than repub lics. But of late years, and especially since the vear 1830, a great change amounting in many cases to a revolution has been going on, and the political pow er has descended into the hands of the masses. Not only so ; there is a diffusion of agrarian or communist doctrines in all parts of the country, and a social equality is sought as an end, by a political equality as a 7i r 7i j. Aiiere is bcarceiy a canion wiiicn nas escaped this radical movement; at least in its first phase. Among those which have made the stoutest resistance, (and until now, with succe?s,)is Lucerne. The aristocracy ofthat canton, to fortify themselves against the radicals, invited the General of the Jesuits, in the year 1841, Xor thereabout,) to send some member of the "Company" into the canton, to take charge of the hiirher seminaries of learning. This alarmed the radicals of that canton, and infuriated them to the highest pitch. They called upon the radicals of the other cantons to come to thtir help; and thousands trom Berne, and other cantons, flocked to the gates of Lucerne, and there met a disastrous defeat from the troops of the cantonal government, on the last day of March, 1845. up to this point, the struggle had nothing to do with the Protestants or Catholics, as such. The radicals belonged to both 6ects, or else were infidels, which, I apprehend, was the case with very many of them. Ihe radicals ot. the canton of Lucerne were certainly not Protestants, for there is but one small Protestant church in the entire canton, and this very wisely re insert to have anything to do with the stnle, as I learned w hen in the city of Lucerne last December. The dispute was solely between the radicals and the aris tocrats, without the slightest reference to religion. The calling of the Jesuits did give a religious aspect to the contest. But it only turned the hate of the radicals against them ; cot against the Roman Catholics as such, or against the Roman Catholic Church. Defeated at the gates of Lucerne, the radicals, both of that canton and of others, began to agitate the question of the General Diet. Every nerve was 6trained to secure the choice of such members for that body as would carry out the wish of the radicals which was nothing less than requiring the Diet to demand the expulsion of the Jesuits from Lucerne. This the Diet for two years refused to listen to. And in this that body was sustained by all the prominent evangelical protestanls Vinet, Merle D'Aubigne, Malan, Gaussen, and others. The ground they took was the constitutional one the incompetency of the Diet to touch the question. exasperated by this, the radicals in the cantons ot Vaud and Geneva made a second revolution in both ; hence all the troubles which have occurred in both, and in one have caused one hundred and fifty faithful pastors to abandon the churches in connection with the State, which they occupied. At last the radicals have succeeded iu getting a decided majority in the Diet, which is now in ses&ion in the city of Berne. And what has been done ? The Diet, by a vote of 12 cantons to 8 (2 being divided) has ordered Lu cerne to send away the Jesuits. And by a similar vote it has ordered the seven Catholic Cantons of Uri, Schwytz, Unterwaiden, Zug, Friburg, Vallis, and Lucerne, to dissolve the league (Sonderbund) into which they had entered, as being contrary to the constitution of the confederation which it undoubt edly is. On this point, the Diet are right ; but in ordering Lucerne to s-nd away the Jesuits, they are wrong. Texas derivation of the name. The Camanches claim to be the lineal descendants of the empire of Moutezuma, and the only legitimate owners of the whole Mexican country. Ihe chiefs say that when Cortez landed in Mexico, he found the country torn to pieces by internal factions, and was enabled, by employing the disaffected chiefs, to raise a force to seize upon their capital. Thoee chiefs believed that if they could destroy uie power ot iVloutezuma thev could easily despatch the Spaniard, and have the control of the country in their own hands. But too late they ascertained that they had introduced a harder master, and that unconditional servitude was all they had to expect They were required to change their ancient religion, and thousands ot them were sent off to work in the mines, from which they rarely ever made their escape. A great proportion of them bowed their necks to the conqueror, aud became serfs and slaves to the Spaniards; but a few, the noblest and best, preferred exile to servitude, and set out on a pilgrimage to the north, in hopt-s to find a land where they could enjoy their ancient institutions in peace. iney travelled for many weeks, and at last came to the gi eat river of the north the Rio Grande where they encamped, snd sent out twenty chosen men to examine the adjacent country. They crossed the great river, and ascended one of the highest peaks of the mountain, which overlooked the adjacent plain. The prairie was covered with buffalo, deer and ante lopes, and they thought they had reached the happy hunting-ground, and the word "Teh as! Tehas! Tehas ! " burst from every tongue. It was decided unanimously that it should be their future home, and that the country should go by the name apparently furnished them by the Great Spirit. lehas is tne Camanche name for the residence of the happy spirits in the other world, where they shall enjoy an eternal felicity, and have a plenty of deer and bunalo always at hand. Buttakinz the sound as they pronounced it, and giving it the Spanish orthog raphy, it gives us the word " Texas," winch is the " happy hunting ground," or tbe " Elysium," of the Camanches. This is the true history of the name as derived from Isowacany himself. The Editor of the Yankee Blade says: 'It would be a curious sight to see . all the babies in the' United States, under five years old, together: they would make a pretty lit tle collection of ii,4UO,UUU. What a squall there would be, should they all cry out at the same time, and what a heap of sugarplums it would take to quiet them! A Doctor's Fee. A doctor in Cincinnati, who had been attending a lady patient, who died of the disease, was attacked and beaten with a hoop-pole bj the husband on las next visit to the house. Singular Accident. A lid at Tiverton, Mass., named Jerome B. Manchester, fell over a chair, forcing his teeth into his tongue, and inflicting a wound from which he bled to death. 03" The board of commissioners of Washington county, Indiana, has decided to take stock to the amount of $20,t00 in the iNew Albany and balem rail road. (fir Richard Texerll killed Artemus Lord, on the 16th inst., at Hillsborough. 'Indiana, and then robbed him of $300. The murderer has been arrested. Married On the 25th inst., by Rev. A. II. Myers, Mr. John W. Vaughan to Miss Eliza Jane Reagin, both of this county. Hogs were selling in Cincinnati, Dec. 23, at $2.50 to $475. Flour $3.

From the W. Union. The question of Ten itory on the Pacific. We transfer to our columns wnh much pleasure the following article from the Baltimore American. Many of its views are conceited in the true American spirit. It comprehends that vast commercial and territorial Future, now opening upon our country, which has taken fast hold of the anticipations and the convictions of the people, and which they will never consent either to sacrifice or impair at the bidd.ug of party spirit, or in subsunience to its purples. Without pronouncing any opinion as toti.e future influence of any particular sett i,n of our country upon its future dtsttnies, we cordially approve the yn-g set forth in thi artitle f tin vaM ri.l., f n'ilinl growth and t xpans.- n, which, under Pro dem e. cf present policy is fat maturing. We cannot but contrast t!; se entinieuN and (Ms language in the column of a ien!ii.r wi.i j uri.al, with the whole fp;r,t nnd the avowed policy of the

speech in which the Whig Chief at Lexington has recently summoned his followers in Congress and out of Congress to the political arena. How uttprly has Mr. Clay failed to rise to the "height of the great argument's which lay before him, when, falsifying alike the great natural features of the Pacific slope'of the North American continent and reversing altogether the rightful position of our enemies and ourselves, he protests in the following gloomy tones against the acquisition by us of any indemnity from Mexico in the only form in which its payment would be a substantial advantage (rather than an injury) to her, and an incalculable benefit at once to us as a nation, to the future dwellers in the territory we should acquire, and to the progress of Civilization and Liberty throughout the world ! "We do not want the minea, the rooontaina, the morasses, and the sterile fianda of Meiico. To her. the loss of them would be humiliating, and be a perprtual source of regret and mortification. To os, they might prove a fatal acquisition, producing distraction, dissensions, division, possibly disunion. Let, therefore, the integrity of the national existence and national territory of Mexico remain undistur!ed. For one, I desire lo see no part of her territory torn from her by war." It is to carry a policy like this into effect, that Mr. Clay h -s come forth from his retirement to denounce his country. It is to this end that he Las called upon Congress to declare the "objects and purposes of the war!' He invokes national legislation at once to convict us of national falsehood against our enemy, to sacrifice ourjust rights.and to stay the onward march of our institutions and our power. We are glad to perceive mat noi tne least influential portion of the whig press ventures openly to rebuke and refute him. From the Baltimore American. The Edinburgh Review denotes an article of soms length to the auhjert of American commerce and statistics. Its errors are numerous, and some of its "peculations are as fanciful ai iu facts are imperfect. Tb general tone of the disquisitions, however, is somewhat in contrast with the old style of British comments on American affiirs. The truth is beginning to be comprehended in Europe, that the United State at this moment is one of the first powers in the world, with a faculty cf progress and resources of strength which indicate a coming future of a most extraordinary aud wonderful character. The Review calls us tbe "great republic;" the "proudest and most irritable'nalion on earth;" it declares that the calmett observer "gazea with admiration and awe on the portentoua fibric of American greatness." It indulges, indeed, in misgivings that the unity of tbe republic will. oy anu rjy, give wsy ao pprehen.ion wbich IU own analysis of our political history thus far ought to dispel. Referring to the divided interests and bostüe feelings which have sometimes arrajed the north and tbe south io a threatening antagonism, the Review remarks that a collision was pi even ted by the introduction of the new western States, and adJs that "this third and powerful element kept tbe others together in compulsory harmony." This fact, once recognized, should not be lost sight of. Observers, both at home and abroad, may no's it with advantage, if they would form a just idea of this grand nationality cf ours, which is now assuming the form and proportions adapted to its grsnd outlines. Let us not ba m sled by the phraseology of the present day. What we have been in the habit of calling ' the 1Vest." really lbs ceii'ral region of tbe United WtU-s central in relation to the full measure of our national basis. ' The Atlantic Slslrt, when the gern. a of empire were first planted the Atlantic Stales, wbich first grew to maturity, which have long held the control of government, and given shape to Is policy, must prepare to see tbe scepue pass over tha Alleghanies. The reign of sectionality mut cease. Tbe Mississippi it ley knows no north or south. Tha grraf rivt r comprehends ho'h t xtreimtie-, a .l bind them log. ti er by its own unity, li h it its east and us wet. which it must regard with equl favor, because t: ey hold he g es f accis to tbe Atlantic on the on. twi d, a d the Pacific on the other. Let us Tamilian ourselves lo th s gnatt.lea. Ti.a MUsisipi va.ley is to constitute ll.e Unly of our nationality. In it t-SM-ntiat unity, we find the gjarmilee of national unity; in its greaine, the as ursnre of national greatness; its vast extent gives security against ecti.Mialism for its own predominance is sure, and every portion of the rrpuMic will be prosperous or otherwise, in pre por tion as it draws tbe elements of wealth and strength from its teeming resources. With this great fact once acknowledged ar.j made the central point from which to view other matters pertaining to our political and territorial relations, we are posesed with the belief that an intelligible guide of opinions might be found, and an easy solution obtained for many very perphxing problems. With icgard to territory on the Pacific, for example what rule is to be adopted to determine how much the national interests require us lo retain of tbe region in tbat quarter already in our hanJi, and which is ours by the rights of war an J occupancy, if we see fit to keep iit How Diui b! A port of entry, on the Bay of San Francisco It is said that we need that, for the accommodation of our whalers. Let u ask one question is it likely that the people of tbe Mississippi Valley, whose friends and relative have gone to California, and who are looking to the Pacific, juet as the dwellers on the Upper Ohio are looking to tbe Atlantic, for the extension of their commercial relations is it l.kely that they will seek to reach the harbor of Si'i Fmncisro by the way of Boston, New Bedford, or JNsiiH!- ki ll It u i ot now a matter of conjecture, merely, that the commerce of the East Indies, China, and Japan, with their hundred of millions of population, will, in due course of time, and before a very long time, tend to the Pacific coast of the United states. The means of communication from Oregon, overland, lo the Atlantic, by way of the Columbia, tbe Missouri, and the Ohio, and from Cali fornia by the valley of the Rio Grande, already foretoken the future course of the trade wiib Eastern Asia and tbe rest of the commercial world. Iu transit mut be over our territory. In view of tbe great revoluUoo thus plainly indicated, is it the true policy of our ststesmen, at this day, to lose sight of the inigbty events and interests connected with such a revolution to lose sight of that expansive field, already opening to the dazzled eye, and confine our whole commercial policy, in respect to its accommodation on the coast of California, to the possession of one harbor for the benefit of our whalers 1 The question, however, as to the extent of our perma nent acquisitions in California, may he regarded, perhaps, as already settled. Thai region is now io our poesessioa. There are Americans enough in California, residents there, or intending to be residents, to hold the country. Tbey will probably do so. We may presume that it will never again come under the authority of Mexico. Three Fav lts of Ncrses. 1. To lisp in a baby style, when ti.e same words in an endearing tone. would please as well ; the reverse should be the voice clear, emphatic, and each syllable distinctly articulated for imitation. 2. To tell of witches, ghosts, and goblins; such superstitions, impressed upon young minds are rarely got rid of. 3. lo direct a child to act like a man ; whereas it is not cfirn becoming for little boy to ape the man, but only to conform his demeanor to his age; every age has its owu peculiar decorousness. (fir Macni-h in one of his essays says, "I have remarked, and Gil Bias's mother did the same thing, that women generally bear a great dilike to their son's wives. This i the more remarkable, as they are almost always f nd f their Bon-in-Iaw." Can any peruon explain the why and wherefore of these singular facts! QT George III, after opening the session of Parliament, aked the Chancellor "Did I deliver the speech weil!" "Very well, s.r," was Lord Eld n'i answer. "T am jrld of it," replied the king, -for there was nothing in it." Singing. Tne "Lie Ur. Bum. -aid, ihe 'tl rnun rarely died of consumption. bev-ttntM ti.ej ate itlwakS sinking." Let parent remember this, and palr.M lie singing schools, and teach their children habitually to sing. O-The first forged bank note was the work cf Richard Vaughan, of Eoglaud, in lVi. He waa executed tor U.6 tfer.ee.