Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 7, Number 23, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 December 1847 — Page 2

2fiiöiaua State Sentinel.

WECKXY EDITION. ITERS AL VKrfLASCE IS THE FUCC OF LIBEKTT. IXIHA.VAI'OLIS, LCCILTIIti:K tt, IS 17. Our Tenns. The following will hereafter be the permanent terms of the Weekly Indiana State Sentinel: fjrPaymcnts to be made always in advance. One copy, one year, 2.00 Three copies, one year, 5.00 r'ive copie?, one year, 8.(K Tea copies, one year, 13.00 Twenty copies, one year, 20.00 Semi-Weekly. (Published three times a week during the session.) One copy, .".4.00 Three copies, $10.00 One copy during the session, 1-00 Messrs Eepient &. Green are agents at Cincinnati Tor the Indiana State Sentinel. C-See first page Semi-Weekly. To Correspondents. X. J. J., Tipton. Ye. Send 'era lonp undcrthet ireum.Unee. A. W. J., Jackn, O. Will write you by mail. ' are all full. B. 11. M.. Versailles. Will serve you the tame. COUNTY CONVENTION. The Democrats of .Marion County Are requested to meet at the Court House, in Indianapolis, on SATURDAY, Dec. 4th, at 10 o'clock, A. M. for the purpose of appointing Delegates to the State Convention, to be held on the Sth of January next. In the absence of a County Committee, this notice is given at the request of many democrats. It is to be hoped that there will be a large attendance ; for these are the meetings where the power of the people is felt and made manifest. Sound men should be appointed to the State Convention ; for that body will select or confirm delegates to the National Convention, to be held for the nomination of a Presidential candidate, tf Wood. Any person disposed to contract for the delivery of from 20 to 100 cords of good dry and seasonable wood, to be delivered immediately, will make application to the senior editor of this paper, (G. A. C.) as soon as may be. The terms will be cash, on delivery of the amount agreed on; tne wood to be measured as delivered, and convenient places for uuloading. Look Oct for the Premium ! Tipton county is determined that her next year's papers shall cost nothing iudrrinjr from the start she has taken. Several times lately we have received subscribers in broken doses," of one to a dozen, from that patriotic little county; and on Saturday last, up rolled a " ticket" of two XX, XX's, and a 2 to boot! Just beat that gome of you, if you can! Remember, we shall decide tcho has the paper for nothing for one year from September 1, 1343. Send 'em along! Itnilrond IVcws. The depot of our railroad was located so far out of town, for the accommodation of gentlemen who desired to speculate upon lots, that we seldom get over to it ; and as no one connected with it realizes the propriety of furnishing items of intelligence concern ing it, not even so muc as to advertise the hours of departure, prices of passage and freight, or any thing else, we have to depend upon some lucky accident to leap any thing connected with the concern. What a pity that .Mr. Beecher had not been made president of the company ! He would have made things move about right, we know ; for he is blessed with industry, common sense, and energy, if nothing else. What folly it is, for instance, to start trains at C o'clock in the morning. With proper management they could just as well 6tart at 9. As to freight, every body growls. Accidents are plenty enough, at any rate. On Wednesday, last week, a new locomotive was knocked in pieces by running against a tree which had been blown upon the track ; damage glOO or $000. On Saturday last, we are informed by a gentleman, that the cars ran off the track or.ee or twice, and the axle of a tender was broken. Other accidents may have occurred, but if so, nothing has been said about them, as no one, so far as we know, has been killed. We had more written on this subject ; but as wc wish to show that the public is somewhat at fault, as well as the Road managers, and not being in the humor to fill up what is left unsaid, we postpone it for the present. Wheat Sowing.- We have examined, lately, " Galling's Premium Wheal Drill," and with our limited knowledge, shall speak of it with care. We have seen several machines of the kind, but none that 6eemed to us at once so simple and yet so useful. It is made to drill, plant, and cover, and in a measure, to harrow, all at the same time. That it is a saving of seed, any novice can see. It is so made that more or less seed can be put in, the drills made to any dis tance, (7 inches is that preferred, we believe,) and all is covered and prepared for winter. From the numerous and highly respectable testimonials of those who have used it, we are certainly of opinion that our farmers owe it to themselves to give it a trial It may be seen at the Palmer House, where the Agent will give all necessary information on the subject. GOTbe sketch of the character and career of the late Gen. Howard, which we copy in this paper, will be read with interest, for our people are never tired by dwelling upon and often calling to mind the virtues of such a man. This sketch is made up of mere extracts from an address, delivered, as stated, by the Hon. Jos A. Wright; and of course they do not do justice to the merits of the subject. We hope that we shall yet have prepared and published a biography comprr bensive enough to manifest more fully the lofty char acteristics and virtues of the lamented deceased. CT-If you desire to keep your feet dry, call at the Dayton Shoe Store and get a box of Wild's Water Proof Oil Clacking. We heard of a man the other day who applied it to his bare feet and les, and thus expected to keep his feet dry and warm withodt the use of boots. We hope ho will call on us in the spring and report how he succeeds in the experi ment. (gjThe following gentlemen were admitted to practice in the Supreme Court of this State on Friday list. It is said to have been a fine class : George V. Ilowk, James P. Luse, Charles Dewey, Jr., Thomas D. Walpole, Aurelius Dumont, Jemuel Q. De Eruier, Edwin Coburn, Alvin P. Hovey. Woollen Manufacturers, Carders, and others, will oblige themselves by noticing A. C. Brown's ad vehement in this paper. Cut it out and put it in your pocket, and for further information, call on Mr. Morgan, at Frazier's Hotel. C-Johx Bell has been elected U. S. Senator from Tennessee, the whig members of the Legislature hav ing got scared. New Post OrncE. A new post office has been es tablished at Chancery, Howard county, and George W. Smith, Esq., appointed postmaster. Being back that Note ! Se8 advertisement.

MEDICAL MATTEUS. Medical Science. The "books" record a good many "hard cases" in surgery, and once in a while an error or mistake made by tht professors of the healing art. Few harder ones can however be found, than is manifested by the following paragraphs, from late and different numbers of the Daily Ohio Statesman. It will be seen that we saved thern all, tnough we did not copy them as they came, because we preferred to await for a denouement, which we felt certain would come in the precise shape in which it has come. The next time these sapient doctors cut out a woman's liver, we rather think they will get some butcher to examine it, before getting the newspapers to make proclamation. No. 1. "Surgical Opiratio. We learn that on yesterday.Dr. It. Thompson, oflhi city, and Dr. M.Z. Kreider, of Lanr-aster, assisted by other medical gentlemen, removed a tumor from the abdomen of a lady, near Etna, Licking county, which, independent of the fluid it contained, weighed pounds. It proved to be the whole of the liter, which h id undergone degeneration, and hud become filled with hydatids. Strange tu nay, the woman yet lives, nnd to all appearance doing well ! But how will ehe continue to live without so imoortant an or-

an ? 4 We have heard of no such case before but these are days of wonders in science and art." No. 2. "In our paper of yesterday, in reference to Dr. Thompson's unprecedented and appalling operation of removing the entire liver from the body of .Mrs. Lytle, near Etna, Licking county, Ohio, we omilttd to mention the names of all the faculty present, for th reason that at the time we did not know their names, and rendering important aid on that interesting occasion. Wishing, therefore, to do justice to all men, we take pleasure in naming every one, who, by council, aid, or advice, sustained Dr. Thompson while engaged in the mwt responsible and difficult office of pioneer in this unexplored field of surgery: "Dr. 31. Z. Kreider, of Lancaster ; Dr. Scott, of Etna; Dr. Wilson, of Hebron; and Dr. Kreider, jr., of Sugar Grove, Fairfield county, Ohio. We would repeat, for the information of such as have not seen our statement in yesterday's paper, that the liver, when removed from the body, weighed 29J pounds upon a farmer's steelyards, being avordupoi weight. And we would add now, forty-eight hours after the operation, that the lady continues to improve in condition. Of course Dr. Tlion pson will report the case, in fall its interesting details, through a professional medium. No. 3. Dr. Thompson has sent us the following, in reforrence to the operation performed on Mrs. Lytle, and noticed in this paper. Mrs. Lytle died on Saturday morning, and the post mortem examination took place on yesterday : For the Ohio Statesman. Col. Medart Dear Sir: The statement having been made through the medium of your paper that I hud, in the presence of, and aided by, several professional gentlemen, removed a diseased liver from Mrs. Hugh I'. Lytle, of Etna, it is due to myself and the profession to say thai a post mortem examination twelve days subsequently to the operation, disclosed the fact that it was not the liver. The morbid mass removed was an Ovarian tumour which had occupied the greatly increased concavity of the diaphragm, cariying the liver before it, as well as every other possible part of the abdominal cavity. It is my purpose to make a minute and detailed report of this important and most interesting case, thrtugfi the medium of one of our medical periodicals. Therefore I will at this time only say, that the liver was below the medium size, a large portion of its convex surface adherent to the diaphragm. The thin edge of the liver, which in its natural position extends below the ribs, had been forced several inches above the margin of the diaphragm by the upward developemenl of the tumour. This encroachment of the diaphragm upon the space appropriated to the lung, accounted for the great difficulty of breathing and threatened suffocation which existed previous to the operation. Very truly, your obt. servt. It. THOMPSON. Gen. Taylor. The old General, in reply to a letter of James A. Stewart, Esq., of Maryland, says: 14 In reply to your complimentary language, I must be permitted to express the apprehension, that, in connecting my name with the high office of President of the United States, you, and many other of my friends, are expecting too much of me. I cannot but fear that in entering at my advanced age u;on a walk of life entirely new to me, I would dfsappoint your high expectations." What a contrast this to the course of Mr. Clay ! The old politician is as eager now to win the 6take of the Presidency as ever ; though it is hardly probable that he will live till the end of the next term. fjT" At a meeting in Louisville, the Whigs, according to the Louisville Journal, refused to adopt the first of Clay's recent resolutions. The Journal says: The striking out of this first and very important resolution of Mr. Clay was, it seems to us, the striking out of the basis upon which all the rest of the series was founded. It was, as a friend of ours humorously remarked, treating Mr. Clay's resolutions as a Frenchman treats a frog cutting off the head and using the hind legs." There are many whigs here who will not agree to any of the resolutions first nor last. They see through the flimsy electioneering trickery which lies at the bottom of the wholr fj-Some idea of the moral and sociil condition of New York may be derived from such statistics as are furnished by the half-yearly return of the chief of police for the period from the 1st of May to the 1st of October. The total number of arrests for all offences during that time is 14.331 ; of which 1,023 are for assault and battery, 52 for burglary, 2,177 for disorderly conduct, 155 for fighting in the streets, 1G3 for grand larceny, 143 for insanity, 3,4'J3 for intoxication, 3,349 for intoxication and disorderly conduct, 53 for indecent exposure of person, 1,225 for petit larceny, 120 prostitutes for disorderly conduct in the streets, 135 on suspicion of stealing, 1,217 for vagrancy and various other causes of arrest. Number of persons furnished with lodging, for a longer or shorter period, (mostly at night,) in the station houses, on their own application, 12,839. Number of children lost in the public streets, taken tothe6tation houses and restored to their parents, 1,816, or about 5 every day all the year round. Mrs. Mary Runkle, who' was recently hanged at Whitesborough, N. Y., was strung up after a new fashion, and one unknown, to our pioua forefathers. She was taken into a room where some dozen people were present, and seated upon a chair more dead than alive. From a hole above her head came a cord, which was attached to a beam, pulleys and weights in a room above. The signal to cut the cords which held the pulleys was given by means of a bell, from the lower room, and she was hoisted out of existence, making no more resistance than would have been made by a bag of meal. Sandcskt and Wooster Bank Notes. Our friends will do us a favor by remitting other funds than notes of the above mentioned banks. They are in bad odor, if nothing worse; and as we don't wish to handle such stuff, so we advise our readers to let it alone. It may be sustained by the other rag mill of Ohio for a short time, as their credit, if they have any, would be affected by their going down. When they all get ready, there will be a general crash, without a doubt in our minds. CrTo-morrow, perhaps, in more than a thousand places in two-thirds of the States of this Union, supplications will go up to a Throne of Grace for a speedy, permanent and honorable termination of the cruel war in which we are engaged. Wabash Express, Xov. 21. Well, sir : suppose the prayers should not be answered according to your notions, upon whom will you visit your terrible censure ? The "Pharos" states that a counterfeiter was recently arrested at Logansport. Upwards of three hundred dollars in counterfeit bills were found in his possession. $300 of the amount purported to be on the Tompkins County Bank, N. Y. The gentleman has safe quarters in the jail. Fire. It is stated that several builJings were burned at Columbus, Ind., on Siturday last. Particulars not known. Bostox Liberalitt. In the city of Boston, last year, 2,231,513 were given for the promotion of education, and $2,272,000 for purposes of charity.

1 Messrs. Chafmans &. Spann I Gentlemen : At the request of several of our friends, j I enclose to ycu an article from the "Vermont Gazette"

as I nnd it copied into the 'Zanesville (Ohio) Aurora," witli the remarks of that paper upon it, with the rcI quest that you admit them to a place in the "Senti nel." While I approve your course, as the organ of the democracy of the State, in avoiding the discussion of J personal or sectional preferences for the Presidency, 1 yet think this article important, showing as it does the existence of the best feeling on the part of the northern democrat towards their western brethren, and evincing that lovo of justice which in gone j dy, has lett the party no cause to excite sectional teeiings. I have long bclieveJ that the permanent home of de mocracy must ha 111 the west. Its people and their avocations are eminently suited to this end. The north with its incorporated wealth numerous factories and dependents liie south with the aristocratic effects of slavery, and the mutual sectional jeaiousiet of both, must make them at short intervals Ihe prey of the party opposed to democratic principles, unless the west, holding the balance of power, having the confidence of both, and carefully protecting the interests and institution of each, shall form a nucleus upon which they may rally. The west can and will do this if the spirit and policy of the Gazette's article shall be adopted and practiced upon. Long as the western deMocrats have been neglected and passed by, yet I do not doubt but that they will cheerfully support the democratic nominee, live where he may. D. R. ECKELS. From the ZmestUle, Ohio, Aurora. We call the attention uf our readers to the following extract from a communication published a few weeks since in the Vermont Gazette, the oldest democratic paper itt the United States. We give it a place the more readily, because we believe there can be but one opinion vote, in regard to the course which the western democracy should pursue in the selection of the next presidential candidate. It is important, not only to the democracy of the west, but to the democracy of the Union may be essentially vital, that we should have a candidate who is capable of commanding the vote of the entire west. Independent of sectional rights, which we think ought neither to be strenuously urged, nor entirely overlooked, we consider it all important in the next presidential contest that we should have a candidate who is known to, and preferred by the great body of the western democracy. The west has become an important part of the Union in the election of a Chief Magistrate. The western democracy are sound and well established in regard to all important democratic measures and the National interests would be safe in their hands. Their views and feelings are worthy, we think, of being carefully and respectfully considered in the next nomination, and we nnpe our western brethren of the democratic press will make known their sentiments on this subject. It is a singular fact in the political history of our country, that during the whole period of the existence of the American Government there has not been a presidential candidate selected by the democratic party either from New England or from the west. In these great regions the democracy have ever fought and sustained themselves solely from a love ot democratic principles. In some States of the Union, whose steadfast adherence to democratic fuith is loudly proclaimed, almost each presidential election results in elevating their own citizens and sons lo the highest offices in the government. The west has been badly neglected in this respect by the democratic parly, and the whig party have acted upon and profited by that neglect. For the last sixteen years the whigs have invariably run a western presidential candidate, the result of which is that they have been enabled to cary a portion of the west with them. And thus is the young but mighty territory which already exercises a controling influence upon national affairs made the strong-hold of the federal party. Such things ought notto be. The west is naturally democratic, exhaustless in her resources, able to supply the world with food, they want no restrictions on commerce and trade by means of prohibitory tariffs, strictly republican in manners and willing to labor for an honest living, they want no aristocratic moneyed institutions or national banks, brave and patriotic, they have no sympathies with Mexico, and no tremors at the mention of Great Britain. I have stated that the democratic party never nominated a western presidential candidate that the whigs have profited largely by this oversight of the democrats, the result has shown. In 132, Henry Clav, as the western candidate of the whigs, carried ofl part of the west from the democratic party. In 183Ü and in 1640 Gen. Harrison, the western whig candidate swayed almost the entire west, although each State was ruled at the lime by democratic governors and democratic legislatures. In the Democratic National Convention of 1644, a western candidate, General Cass, received a strong vote. Although the choice ot a majority of the Convention, yet the requisite vote of two thirds of the delegates threw the nomination upon another, and a worthy man. Entering vigorously upon the canvass without regarding his own manifest right to Ihe nomination, Gen. Cass took the field for Air. Polk. The people rallied around him by thousands. He had fought for them in war, and governed thern in peace. His weight of character gave a commanding influence to what he said, and his words were listened to as the voice of wisdom and truth. The result was that with the exception of a single State, (Ohio, and that by a meagre majority,) the vote of the entire west was cast for Mr. Polk. Had Gen. Cass been the candidate himself it is morally certain that Ohio would have given him ten thousand majority, and the great Lmpire of the West would now be the citadel of democracy. This condition of things is fully felt and appreciated by the western de mocracy. Dallied in their efforts to maintain their natural and rightful supremacy by the weight of local influence, they waited with impatient zeal for their brethren ot the Union to let them tree themselves by merely according to them even-handed and well merited justice. And it hardly need be repeated here what is so proverbially known and admitted, that the western democracy are of the best and truest in the Union radical upon all questions of political principles, they have led the van in Hie support ot the doctrine ol lree trade, separation of the government from banks, a hard money curiency, the vindication of American rights against foreign aggression, and the onward extension of the American Government upon this continent. The triumph therefore of the western democracy vi II he the triumph of correct principles and of sound national policy. It is very evident that the whig party are preparing for a vigorous contest in the next presidential election, and it is also very certain that they will bring forward a western presidential candidate. Henry Clay or Judge McLean will, without doubt, be the nominee of the whigs. The latter will be a formidable candidate. Cut against either of them we have one man with whom we can enter the field with full confidence of success and that man is Gen. Cass. Although a native of JSew England, he has grown up with the west. He has witnessed the struggles and sufferings, the triumph and the greatness of this vast region. The lofty forests which he once traversed are now fruitful fields, the harbors upon nur lakes nnd rivers which he first surveyed, are now th seats of commerce and wealth the lonely cabins which he protected from the fire-brand of the savage, are transferred into populous cities, the territory which he purchased from the Indians comprises sovereign States; and the scattered population which he governed are now a great peoplo. IN or is it alone upon the ground of his eminent services in the west that he will be presented by the western democracy for the Chief Magistracy of the Union. His militiry services in the war of 1812, proved him an able and accomplished general. His services in the Cabinet during the stormy period of President Jackson's administration, placed him neit to that illustrious Chief in the confidence of the democracy of the Union. His success as a diplomatist when he crushed in tho bud the infamous quintuple treaty, and preserved the freedom of the seas, has endeared him every where to the friendj of freedom. His posi tion in the Senate of the United States in his defence of our title to Oregon, in aiding to restore the administra tion of the government to a sound democratic standard. and his energeiic measure for a vigorous prosecution of the existing war du Mexico herself sues for peace, have proved him to be the mam for the times, and the proper exponent of the American democracy. With an abiding confidence that these considerations will be duly appreciated by the people of the United States, the democracy of the west rests satiofied, panting foi the day when they can present their favorite son to the Chief Magistracy, and under his banner place themselves in a permanent asceudence, and make the "seat of empire" what it was from the first designed lo be the citadel and fortress of democracy. A Great Loss. There are on hand in this country abo.it three hundred thousand bales of cotton, and in England as much more, making six hundred thousand bales of American cotton, chiefly of tho crop of 1340. The value of the whole has declined within six weeks twenty dollars a bale, making a total commercial loss of twelve millions of dollars. What is sending away a few millions of gold, for which we get well paid, compared with this irretrievable loss 1 It would seem sullicient to empty a great many pockets. Yet all things go on quietly as if nothing had occurred, and nothing very important has occurred. It is only one 01 the turns ot trade, and caused, to a very consider nolo extent, by the unparalleled weather, which ena blcs the cotton planter to keep on picking, and in creasing the crop, until the prospect is, that the labor era of the world will have an unusual blessing in the cotton crop of '43 17. X. Y. Journ. of Com.

Correspondence cf the Philadelphia Ledger. Tlic I'losptcts of I'eace Willi Jlcxico ag:iiu opening. Washington, Nov. 7th, 1947. Letters have been received here, opening again the prospects of peace, and representing the people 111 and about Mexico quite in favor of it. The question seems merely to be whether before any jieace is concluded with the snadow of authority which now exists in Mexico, anarchy will not prevent its consummation. Mexico is already dismembered and the central government a supplicant before the governors of

,0 lhc Ineinberg r Congress to repair to Quere taroeto pr0Vlde cm wilh uloneVt aud l0 aU lhos, things which the'central government has no power t the provinces. It implore them to be true, to obey. those power to tnforce, but without which tho country is eure lo be plunged into a civil war, more to be dreaded than even the invasion of a foreign enemy. T'ie very style of the proclamation of Scnor Pena y Pena, the President pro tern exhibits an amount of misery, weakness and dep iir, which, with any other people, would present an irresistible argument for peace; but which, with the Mexicans, may prove nothing, or only increase their obstinacy. Pena y I'ena is doubtless in favor of peace but what kind of peace 1 That's the question. Shall we still offer ten or fifteen millions for California 1 Shall our government renounce the indemnity which it claimed for its citizens ! Shall it surrender the blood stained battle fields, monuments of our national glory, in order that the boues of our brave soldiers may be desecrated by a dastardly foe 1 Above all things, shall wc withdraw from Mexico, without her paying the expenses of this war, and without a guaranty of peace in future 1 The President, in his last message to Congress, declared expressly that this war was waged for the purpose of obtaining full indemnity for our outraged citizens, and that he should hold Mexico responsible for the expenses of the war. Mr. Buchanan, in his report, said the same thing. Mr. Van Buren, in his last letter to the Wilkesbarre Farmer, re-echoed the same sentiments, and to recede from this ground would be admitting to Mexico and to the world that the war which we have been waging against Mexico, i not a just war, and was not provoked and commenced by Mexico. Mexico must pay the expenses of the war, and if she have no money, she must pay in territory, which, moreover, has thi advantage, that it diminishes the power of Mexico to do mischief, or to recommence the war under some new adventurer, who, after the withdrawal of our troops, may chance to seize upon the reins of government. For this purpose we must fix upon a military frontier, and keep possession for a time at least, of some of the must imortant fortified places which are considered the keys to her wealth and power. The Castle of San Juan d'Ulloa ought never to be surrendered. That Gibraltar of the Mexican Gulf, which opens the road to her capital, and command the navigation of that sea, ought to permanently remain in our power. England, in making a treaty of peace with China, knew very well the rebellious mob of Canton, and insisted on Hong Kong as a British naval station, from which readily to punish any attempt of insurrection or depredation on her commerce. She is now bitterly sorry not to have, in addition, insisted on the surrender of the Chusan Inlands, which commaud the harbor and canal which leads to Pekin, and ten chances to one she will have it before another decennium passes over our beads. To make sure of the trade of the North Sea, and to command that trade in time of war, she is now fortifying Helgoland, at the rrioiilh of the Elbe ; the Ionian Islands and Malta command the Dardanelles, Gibraltar, the whole Mediterranean. It is by such means that she preserves the European equilibrium, that is peace, aud prevents her flag from being insulted. The Castle of San Juan is of no value to .the Mexicans. Any maritime nation, at war with her, now that we have shown the manner in which it i to be done, may seize upon it, and ehe may surrender it by treaty to a European power, to prevent the United States from holding it, as the French sold Louisiana to the United Slates, when they expected that, in the war with England, it would be captured by the British. The Castle of San Juan d'Ulloa is of vital importance to us, and of no use whatever to Mexico, except that it may enable her again to assume a warlike attitude, and force us to fight our battles over agaiu. We are now in possession of the best part of Mexico. We shall soon command her mines aud her commercial resources. She has neither the means to raise an army, nor the revenue to pay and maintain one. She has exhausted all her resources, and is on the eve of anarchy and confusion. But she has come to this after violating all her promises and pledges, and all the laws that govern civilized warfare ; she has come to this by her folly and treachery ; and after involving us in an expense of a hundred millions, and tho sacrifice of 4,0 H) of the stoutest hearts that ever boat for freedom. She has shown that site is incapable of comprehending generosity ; and the only means, therefore, which we have to prevent her from aaiu arraying herself against us that is, against superior civilization and law is to deprive j her of the means of doing all t.iis over again, on ; Bome frivolous pretext. The millionaire cannot play a I'ame of hazard with a bejiffar ; the industrious man cannot very well fight the vagabond, or the saving man the spendthrift, without suüering in the contest. He has too much at stake against the zero of his antagonist, and hence he must permanently disarm him. Correspondence of the Journal of Commerce. Washington, Nov. 17, 1347. Mr. Clay's propositions in regard to the Mexican war are now before us, and they are not so definite or satisfactory as might have been expected from him. I do not see that Mr. Clay has shed any additional light on this question, or given us uny clue by which we can ex'ricate ourselves from its perplexities. Mr. Clay is decidedly opposed to the present administration, but the public were prepared to believe that without new declarations. Mr. Clay thinks that the President made the war himself, without the authority of Congress, and thereby violated the Constitution; but Mr. Clay does not propose, as Mr. Webster did, to impeach President Polk, which is an oversight, or a proof of extraordinary forbearance. Mr. Clay declares that the war was caused by the annexation of Texas, but he does not propose a disannexation. Instead of proposing to recede Texas to her lawful owner, he insists upon defining and defending her boundaries, meaning her entire boundaries, as claimed by her. But how does Mr. Clay propose to get rid of the war ! 1 see no proposition for that object. He says Mr. Polk ought to avow his purposes and objects in conducting the war; and if he won't do it, and do it satisfactorily to Congress, then Congress must tell him what they intend to fight for. Mr. Polk tells every body, and he will tell Congress, that he is fighting for "peace and a boundary." Mr. Clay wishes Congress to direct the Executive to fight for the same thing till Mexico give us peace and such a boundary as he thinks we ought to ask. 1 6ee no difference, so far, between Mr. Clay's policy and Mr. Folk's, except thi, lhat Mr. Polk has proposed a definite boundary line, and Mr. Clay has not. Mr. Polk propose to compensate Mexico for territory taken, but Mr. Clay does not. Mr. Clay says he is opposed to taking any territory, but, at the next breath, he qualifies thi dogma in 6uch a mapner as to show that he meant nothing by it. He will take no territory. If there he had stopped, hd would have said something ; but ho adds the words, ilfor the purpose of propagating slavery," &.c. He will not take territory for the purpose of propagating or extending slavery. Pray, who would ! Who has ever suggested the idea of taking territory for that purpose! Certainly not the Administration. Mr. Buchanan has argued in favor of his line lhat slavery cannot exist within it. Mr. Clay leaves us to take any territory, and a much as we please, so we do not take it for the avowed purpose of promoting slavery. It could be wished that Mr. Clay or somebody would make the question, whether we shall take territory or not. Mr. Berrien and Mr. Calhoun are the only two public men, and both of them are slaveholders, who ever explicitly and firmly maintained tho policy of adding no territory. Mr. Clay looked at this point, aud shrunk back from it, palsied, I suppose, by the popular will, that runs too strongly in favor of taking some territory from Mexico, ever to be successfully resisted. Mr. Clay indeed suggests that our territory is large enough for our present population, which i quite true. When the latter amounts to two hundred millions,' it may not be quite so true, and, ut all events,

many thousands of our people are looking to the shores Telegraphic Despatches for the Ohio States. of the Pacific as the heritage of tneir children, and Awful Catastrophe. m they have taken possession of them, and finding them Burning of the SUam Propeller Phönix, an scarcely peopled, will keep them, whether Uncle Sam . Michigan 170 Passengers Burned or Vrotcned. decides for more territory, or for "no territory." ! Cleveland, Nov. 20, 81 P. M. After the New York election, one would have sup- EJilor Ohio Statesman: posed that Mr. Clay would have felt encouraged to On Sunday morning last about 4 o'clock, the protake, at once, the 110 territory" ground ; but he has peller Phoenix, bound up the Lakes, when within not done it. Neither does he propose !o limit the ex- seventeen miles of Sheboygen, was tiiscoveird to be tent or duration of the war, but recommends that we on fire under deck. There was more than two hungo on and whip Mexico harder and harder, if she will dred passengers on board. It was found impossible to not make peace. Tis strange that neither he nor any oue exlinguih the fire. Thirty of the passengers look to will have the generosity to say to Mexico, "We have the small boats, and were picked up by tiie steamer whipped you etiough ; we have glutted our vengeance, Delaware, which hove in sight soon after the fire was and now we retire, and leave you in the enjoyment of discovered, but not i time to save those on board, your national independence, and such peace as you over one hundred and seventy in number, all of whom

generally have among yourselves. We commend you . to your old amusements bell-ringing, mass-saying, ana throat-cuttinsr. If we want no territory from Mexico. why not with draw the troops! If we do not intend to occupy and keep Mexican territory, why do we continue the war? Mr. Clay says we must continue it. We must fight against Mexico harder than ever, he says, but we must take care not to tight for any object. Mr. Clay, in his resolutions, has not met the question at all. He evidently found himself, in preparing those resolutions, perplexed with the complications of the subject, just as Mr. Polk is now ; and each one of Mr. Clay's resolutions is at variance with the other. just like Mr. Polk's cabinet council. As one of the cabinet well remarked, "'We don't know what to do with this Mexican war," so Mr. Clay has no doubt said to himself, "I do not know what to say about this Mexican war ;" and therefore he has given us words without meaning he has, in fact, said nothing. He does indeed propose that the people should get together in their primary assemblies, and make a great fuss, get up mas meetings ns in 134'; but for what purpose 1 Mr. Clay states no object for all the public agi tation which he invokes. They are to work themselves up into a fever about Mexico; but what ore they to do! Nothing. Mr. Clay doc not tell them to request their rulers to arrest the Mexican war at once; he does not tell them to accept of no Mexican territory. I suppose the objects of these popular gatherings is to sing somebody into the Presidency ; and Mr. Clay probably thinks that the mistake of 1310 will not be made again, and that the right man will this time be taken by the whig leaders. Washington, Nov. 17, 1847. The arrival of Commodore Stockton and his evidence before the Court Martial, are matters that are looked upon with some interest. The Commodore has taken care to make known his sentiments very freely in regard to the subject matter under investigation, not only in his published statements, but in public declarations. He considers, it is said, that he meets with an ungrateful return for his services in conquering an empire and subjecting it to American rule, to find himself brought to trial in the person of Lt. Col. Fremont, for his acts. He say that if the Government of the U. S. does not choose to accept of California, he will take it himself as a private job. He will take the country olf their hands, if they don't want it. I am told by gentlemen who have just arrived here from California, that the American settlers are embarrassed, and the improvement of the country retarded by the late misunderstanding between our officers. The inhabitants advanced all their ready means to support the war. and volunteered for eight and twelve months as soldiers, to the neglect of their private affairs, and they cannot get their pay from the U. S. Government. Commodore Stockton, in order to relieve them, offered to go down to Callao, and there borrow the necessary sum on his private account, and pay it to the people, but Com. Biddle would not consent to it. The prospect of the choice by the whies of Mr. Winthrop as Speaker of the House, has greatly in creased. He will probably unite the entire whig vote. Washington, Nov. 13, There is some reason to believe, according to What I hear to-day, that a treaty is about to be made, or has been made, with somebody in Mexico, which our commissioner, Mr. Trist, recognises as a government. or rather, I should say, that the administration che rish the belief that they will receive a treaty of peace with Mexico before or soon after the commencement of the session. The treaty now talked of will probably embrace the States of iew Leon, Coahuila, and a part of Chi iiuainia, in our limits, and the pecuniary compensa tion to Mexico will be increased. Perhaps the administration, on this occasion, as well as heretofore, reckon without their host. But it is very likely that Santa Anna having been deposed and denounced, the present provisional government might be induced again to negotiate, and perhaps to enter into a treaty Whether it will be an actual or mere paper peace, remains to be seen. Washington, Noy. 19. Peace Commissioners. In addition to what I yesterday stated, in regard to the prospects of a peace, I msy now add that it is deemed probable that the government at Queretare will send to the United States commissioners to treat for peace These commissioners will come to this city with Mr. Trist, who has been recalled; but only remains for the purpose of executing some later orders in re lation to the proposed renewal of negotiations. I do not elate the above as ascertained facts, but as the belief of some persons who are likely to know what is going on. The administration certainly expects a treaty, and very soon. Perhaps the treaty will be made here and its ratification required here, cfbre it 6hallbe sent to the Mexican Congress for ratification We have not yet been favored with tho revised re port of Mr. Clay's speech ; but his propositions arc of greater import than auy speech Gen. Combs was probably mistaken in the suppo sition that this would be Mr. Clay's last public speech ; for he may have occasion to make several speeches for the purpose of explaining his resolutions. Intelligence front lhc Army. We have already mentioned the arrival at New Orleans of Surgeon J. C. Keyxolds, of the rennsyl vania Volunteers. We had Ihe pleasure, on Tuesday evening, of taking bun by the hand. He is on a fly ing visit to his residence in Pennsylvania, and will return again lo hi post by the middle of January He was in fine health and spirits. The Doctor left Puebla a few days after the arrival there of General Lane. It will be recollected that he was in the battle of Huamantla, and received the gallant Walker in his arms, as he fell mortally wounded. He had with In in the bullet which caused the death of that excellent officer. He says that when he reached the spot, Walker, with about sixty men, was battling with a Mexican host, in an almost hand to hand fight, himself loading and firing his rifle with the most )erfect coolness, and cheering his men. He received, at the same instant, a buck-shot in the right sids of his forehead, penetrating to the base of the brain, and an escopette ball in the left side of his back, passing through tde lungs, and coming out at the right breast. As he fell the Doctor proposed to remove him out of the conflict, to which he replied, that it was not worth while, as he had but a few miu ute to live. These were the only words he uttered after receiving hi wounds. He soon became insensi ble, and in about ten minutes expired. With his last breath there went out as brave a spirit as animated that gallant army. Thi may be relied upon as a rorrect version 01 Walkeii s death, lie uttered no word to his command after he was wounded. Doctor Reynold speaks very highly of the con duct and ofhcial competency ot Oen. Lane, lie is also warm in hi praise of the Ohio and Indiana reg iments, distinguishing them as decidedly the best volunteer corps in the field. He states that the position assigned the Ohio boys in charge of the train was, at the time, considered the post tf responsibility and danger, though it otherwise turned out. In entering Puebla, and afterwards in the skirmish at Atlixco, they displayed all the coolness and intrepidity of veterans under fire, and in the charge. It would not be proper, perhaps, for us to repeat his commendatirm if its commander, but we may say lhat of the other officers iie renders a very flattering account. The Colonel, and nearly all the officers and men, were in ood health when he left. Cincinnati Enq.fjjrSiime whig editors are very anxious that Congress should say what the war is to be prosecuted for. If Congress were to justly say what these editors should be ' prosecuted1 for, a good many of them would begin to feel ticklish about the neck. Xetc Alb. Democrat.

were either burned to death or were drowned.

One hundred and fifty f the passengers were emi grant Hollanders, who were seeking a bome in ihe west. Capt. Sweet, of the Thainix, was sick in his state room at the time of the disater, and u among the few saved. Every attention was paid to the survivors by the Captain and crew of the Delaware. The Phojiiix was owned by Messrs Pease Sc Allen, of Cleveland. She was insured for 15,000. Democratic HIcctiu. Pursuant to .previous notice given, a number of the Demociais of Switzerland county met at the Court House in the town of Vevay on the 13ih iast., when, on motion, Henry Humburt was appointed President, Frederick. Ramsey er Vice Präsident, nd Smith Tigner Secretary. On motion, the President appointed a committee of five consisting of the follow i-- named gentlemen: Perret Dufour, Percy Kous, William Hall, Lewis Golay, aud Charles T. Jones. -Y After a short absence the committee returned anT. repotted the following resolutions, which ere passed unanimous'y. Whereat, we hold it rieht, just and proper lhat the people hou!d meet togetht-r lo consult of matters connected with the General Government of ibis Union, and lo express their opinions in relation to tUem ; we, a portion of the Democrats of Swi zerland county, do express our opinions and wishes by the following resolutions : Jletolved, That we have unabated confidence in the administration of James K. Poik, anJ lhat we do approve of the manner and energy with which the present war with Mexico has been, and is being carried on. Jletolved, i bat we have every confidence in the offi cers aad men composing our gallant army in Mexico, both Regulars and Volunteers, lhat they will not suffer tho glorious Stars and Stripes "to be larnuhed under their protection. Kesolved, That we do condemn most emphatically tha portion of the Whig press and party which is continually harping about the war being brought on by the President when in fact only 14 whigs in the House of Representa tives, and 2 in the Senate in May, 1846, voted in the negative on the bill declaring a state of war to exist by the act of Mexico. Jletolved, That we view all who denounce the war the President's war, as anti-American in principle, and as belonging to tho anti-war Hartford Convention party of 1812. Jietolved, That we, as Democrats, will at the approach ing Presidential election vote lor the IVominee of the Democratic Nr.tional Convention, provided he be a fair and consistent supporter of the cardinal principles of tbe Democratic party. Resolved, That although we admire General Scott and General Taylor, as in every way eminently deserving the thanks and gratitude of tbe American people for their splendid achievements during tbe present war wilh Mexi co, we as Democrats, who have more love lot country nd tbe principles of our party than for men, cannot io consistency vote for either of them as a candidate far President, unless they adhere to the principles of our parly, which are, a Revenue Tariff, the Independent Treasury, strict construction of the Constitution, opposition to a high Protective Tariff, a U. S. Bank, and ibe distribution ot the proceeds of the public land sales. Jletolved, That we recommend to the Democrats of the county of Switzerland, on the first Monday in March next, to meet at the usual place of holding elections in each township and appoint a suitable number of Delegates to attend a County Convention, to be held at such place as a majority of the townships at their meetings may designate, and in case the township do not designate the place, then the Central Committee shall designate the place, the delegates to a Representative Convention to meet wilh the Delegates of Ohio county, to nominate a candidate to represent Ohio and Switzerland county in the Legislature. Jlesolved, That the Democratic Central Committee give notice of such township meetings and that they arrange the number of Delegates as follows : eich township to send five delegates and in addition, oue for every fifty Democratic votes, and one for every fraction over twentyfive in tbe township taking tbe vote of the preceding August election for Congressmen as the number. Jletolved, That this meeting appoint tw persons from each township, as Delegates to the State Convention, to be held at Indianapolis 011 Ibe 8th of January next. On motion, the President appointed S. S. Crail, A. W. Dumont, N. R. Cox, Isaac Stevens, jr., and J. C. Brown, a committee to report to tbe meeting the names of suitable persons to represent this county in the Democratic Convention to be holden at Indianapolis on the 8th of January next, whereupon tbe committee made the following to report, to wit : Jeffereon Township A. W. Dumont and N. R. Cox. York Township Thomas Armstrong and Dan. Kelso. J'otcy Township yvanus Howe and John J. Jack. Catlun Tovnship John Litilefitld aud William McCullougb. J'leasant Townthip William Neal and Emsly Shaddy. Craig Townthip Thomas Haskell and S. 8. Crail. And John F. Dufour, Isaac Stevens, jr., Abraham Kirtr ley, Martin R. Green, and Charles T. Junes, as delegates for the county at large. On motion tbe report of the committee was unanimously accepted. Jletolved, That ia the election of John L. Robinson lo Congress from this Congressional District, at the last election, we claim the triumph of the cause of our country over the cause of our enemies, and over the combined opposition of Whiggery and Abolitionism. Jletolved, That the thanka of ibis meeting be tendered to the officers of the meeting, (all three of them being heroes of Uuena Vista) for the able manner in which they have discharged their several duties. Jlesolved, That tbe proceedings of ibis meeting be published in the Indiana Palladium, the State Sentinel, and all the Democratic papers in this Congressioual District. The meeting then adjourned. HENKY HUMBERT, PresiJenL F. RAMSEYER, Vice President. Smith Tigxkb, Secretary. Naval. The U. S. frigate Cumberland, got under way from Hampton Roads on the 4tli Nov., and put to sea, hound to Chagres. The following is a list of her officers : Wm. Jamesson, Captain ; James II. Ward, Executive otücer; Wm. Sinclair, Purser; Arno C. Gambrill, Surgeon; Lieuts. Alfred Taylor, Bernard G. Mueller, Jno. J. 13. Walbach, Peter 2i. Murphy ; Marine officer 1st Lieut. Isaac S. Doughty ; Nathaniel Frost, Chaplain; Wm. A. Nelson, Passed Assistant Surgeon ; Washington Sherman, Assistant, do.; Win. M. Caldwell, Master; Passed Midshipmen Thos. L. Dance, Wm. E. Hopkins, John L. Davis; Acting Midshipmen, Wm. T. Hutchinson, Charles E. Thornburn, Jatr.es Stillwell, David Elake, Geo. H. Chapman, Chas. W. Flesser, Joseph P.Tyflv, D. Ci Whitthorne, R. W. lyes, C. C. Cannon, S. N. Quackenbush, John Eggleston, Robert M. Call well, Geo. D. Hand, Captain's Clerk ; Alex. M.Rose; Robt. Speiden, Purser's Clerk ; Robt. Simpson, Boatswain ; Gerard Henderson, Carpenter. Passengers to join Com. Perry at Vera Cruz Lt. Fitz-Allen Deas, Lt. Murry Mason, Acting Mid'n. L. L. Rroze, O. P. Allen, 2d Lt. Marines, Jacob Read, Professor Robt. Grant. List of P assengers. Com. Thos. Ap. C.Jones, appointed to command the Pacific Squadron ; Com'dr. C. K. Stribling, Captain of the fleet. Pacific squadron ; Mr. Win. M. Stewart, Secretary to Com. Jones ; Mr. C. Stribling, Clerk to Captain of the fleet; Com. David Geisinger, appointed lo command the East India Squadron ; Mr. Frederick Schley, Secretary to Com. Geisinger; Comd'r. James Glynn ; Dr. N. C. Earrabino, and Dr. J. F. Erooke, Surgeons for duty in the Pacific Squadron. Passed Midshipman M. P. Jones, Midshipman J. J. Conwell, Mr. J. R. Gray, of Va.; Mr. J. G. Campbell, of Oregon; Mr. Jas. R. Taylor, of N. York.

Where the subject matter of the epistle is business, and where there may possibly be occasion at some future period to refer to the post-mark as a proof of the time when the letter was mailed, envelopes should be carefully eschewed. Merchants, therefore, in the transmission of their business correspondence, should never use them. Letters on w hich the po6t-mark is not endorsed, '(and this, of course, is the case in all letters that are put .up in envelopes,) are evidence against the writer, but afford none in his faror. i