Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 6, Number 33, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 February 1847 — Page 1

JggiArOLIS, JA. 30, 1817.

To Correspondents. 8. Shannon, Vaa Bore, Artc-Yonn of tbe SOÜI Dec. 1818, was recmedJia.lTtMSrc. Tbe fund. .re pmpy appropriated: and U"lnTklndnl lurk "..,. . ... 'you hall fcarefb "fiieos" faster Uta got 1 'tin. Afljonrnmeut. The two Houses of the General Assembly adjourned sine die, on Thursday morning last at half past 9 o'clock. In the Senate, we understand that but six members were present at the time, to wit: Messrs. Eerrj of Monroe, Hardin, Marsh, Farks. Rockhill, and Stewart Mr. Taber was too ill to be present, and Mr. Barbour Lad left for the same reason. Ia tho House, . there were present about a dozen members. Probably near half the laws of the sessiou have passed 6ince Monday last, and from that time to the adjournment, there had not been a quorum present, except when Mr. Taber was taken out of his room, contrary to the advice of his physician, to make up what passed for a q jorum, viz : 33 members, so as to squeeze through the Sutler bill. This desertion of the Capitol before the close of the session, by the members, is a great evil, and ought to be remedied. It was under such circumstances that the " Land Fraud Law " was got through last winter ; and many a law has been thus passed that never would have been sanctioned by full Houses. To effect a remedy, if possible, Mr. Dowling on Tuesday last introduced a bill, which passed, entitled " an act the better to secure the attendance of members, and to prevent the breaking a quorum." It provides, in substance, that it shall not be lawful for the Treasurer of State to pay to any member of the General Assembly more than one half pf the per diem to which he is entitled, until after the final adjournment; and that, in cases where members (without leave first had and obtained) abandon their seats, one half of the per diem to which they are entitled shall forfeit to the State Treasury, to be applied to the benefit of common schools. More Patriotism. On Wednesday forenoon, a sort of episodical debate occurred, during which Mr. Ell is, in speaking of the sudden changes of the opinions of Senators with regard to the Butler bill, remarked that Mr. Osborn was opposed to the priorities, Xintil the bill had been changed so as to have the lands in Laporte, Lake, and Porter counties re-appraised. Mr. Osborn denied that he had been opposed to the bill. Mr. Marsh then rose in his place and said, that at the commencement of the session, and up to the change made in the bill with respect to the re-appraisement of the lands, Mr. Osborn denounced the features of tho bill, especially the priorities, in unmeasured terms. Mr. Osborn denied that he had ever opposed the bill. Mr. Eockhi!.l then rose and said that Mr. Osborn, in committee, last winter, had denounced the priority cf interest contained in the bill of last winter, stating that it stunk in his nostrils; and now the Senator says he never opposed the bill on account of the priority of principal ! The whole went to show that Mr. Osborn was opposed to the priority principle, until the re-appraisement of the lands in the counties which he represented was provided for, and from that moment Le "wait it blind." &3r We have on file several communications, speches, &c, which we have not been able to publish for want of room. We shall endeavor to print a part or the whole, as soon as other matter of more pressing claims is disposed of. Large as has been the amount of matter which we have published in our tri-weekly this winter, we have not been able to meet the demands of all our friends ; but we have done the best it was in our power to do, and nobody can do better than that. A Ecdget or Blunders. The Washington Union of Thursday evening, thus contradicts several misstatements of letter-writers from Washington : Several misstatements, which appear to have originated in this city, are now in circulation in the newspapers. Such as, that Gen. Taylor has been recalled from the army of Mexico, and that he has been ordered to Washington. Such, too, is the rumor, said to be founded on the authority of Com. Perry, " that the Castle of San Juan de Ulloa is not to be attacked. and also that Com. Perry will not return to the Gulf of Mexico." Such, too, is the rumor that " government is in possession of the ultimate conditions on which Mexico will consent to make peace with the United States, and that it has determined to accede to them, if Congress will enable tbe Executive to meet the views of Mexico." We know not upon what authority these things have been reported, but certain it is we do not believe there is any adequate authority or foundation for either of these statements. Three Strings. One of our merchants, who takes three copies of the Journal of Commerce, says he does to in order that when be gets mad with what he reads in the paper, he can stop one, and yet have two to read, lie is in a better condition to vent his rajre than some persons we have heard of, who in times of excitement could only wish they were suoscribers, so that they could stop. Jour, oj Com. This is a pretty good hit at a certain class of persons. It will be generally found that the most violent in their denunciations of the course of any journal are those who do not subscribe for it, but borrow it from their neighbors. Old Paper. The oldest German paper in the Uni led States, is Der Readinger Adler," the Reading (Pa.) Eagle, which has reached its fiftieth year. Of Mrs. Chase, the heroine of Tampico, in honor of whom a battery has been named Fort Ann, the Philadelphia Spirit of the Times has the following notice : " Our readers will be pleased to learn that this pat riotic woman once resided ia this city. She is of Irish origin; her maiden name was Ana McCarnon, and she kept a dry goods store in Second, below Pine street, cue was a woman of great business habits and energy of character, and made considerable mo ney. Doubtless many of her old neighbors will reco nized her name, and rejoice with us that she has proved herself eminently worthy of this brief notice. About twenty years ago she moved to New Orleans, and subsequently to lampico, where she engaged in mercantile business and married Mr. Chase, "the then American Consul. We are indebted to an old and valued friend for the above information, and our read ers mny rely upon the statement as entirely correct. Mr. Chase, our former Consul, is appointed collec tor ot tbe customs at lampico a post bo eminently observes. OThe Convention Bill has passed both branches of uie Kentucky Legislature. This is a highly impor tant move, and will produce great excitement in that State for the next two rears.. For several years past the friends of a Convention to alter the Constitution have made strenuous efforts for the passage of this law, but failed. Last winter the bill was löet by one tote. The adoption cf the bill now, however, does hot settle ihe question. Owing to the great conserva tiscn of the constitution of that State, the people wil have to vote upon the question. If they rote for Convention two years in succession, then Delegates are elected, and the Convention organized ; otherwise he measure is loet. Cor Shelleb. Mr. J. A. Hedges, of St. Louis, has invented a most useful machine a corn sheller thus spoken of ia the American : It strips the cob clean, whether husked or not, and the corn comes out entirely unbroken; such is its admirable construction and power, that two men can shell three hundred bushels of unhusked corn in a day with great ease ; and by a slight improvement which is contemplated, the corn can be fanned and run directly into the sack, while the cob and husks come out at another part of the machine. The cost of this machine will be about thirty dollars made of cast tonj

2 . C

Published every Tlmrsday. r- i f t1'10 I!,",,,Cr ?iU' i A friend of the new Butler bill requests us to pubish the following article. We comply with this request in accordance with that principle which has always governed us, of giving a free use of our col- j umns for the discussion of all matters of public inter- .... . F"""" ui-, est; and not because we agree in the views expressed by the writer. "We have no disposition, however, to give a full expression of our own opinion as to the' new Butler bill, until we have first laid it before our readers in full, which we shall do as soon as we can obtain a copy of it as it was passed. But we feel called on, nevertheless, as a matter of mere justice, to state a few instances in which we disagree with this o - writer. He censures very severely those who, as he says, regardless of their oaths and of their constitutional obligations, could be capable of desiVnedlr breaking a quorum," fur the purpose of defeating the bill. In our opinion there are two sides to this ques tion, and we should be very careful how we charge Senators with the guilt of perjury, before hearing the reasons which may exist in justification of their course. 1 he breaking ot a quorum, we admit to be n extreme measure, and one which should not be re sorted to without the most dire necessity. Such necessity may occur, and when it docs, the resort to the ony remedy, so far from being perjury, or any thing akin to it, is precisely the reverse. Had we been members of the Senate at this crisis, we think we should not have aided in breaking a quorum ; but we can look with a good deal of lenity upon the course of those Senators who believed the interests of their immediate constituents, as well as the State at large, required them to leave their scats temporarily. What had been the circumstances in relation to this bill from the period of its first introduction into the Senate ! Upon the very first vote, on the Dronosed amendment offered by Mr. Marsh, to strike out the new bill from the enacting clause, and to revive the bill of last winter, it was demonstrated that a majorty of Senators were opposed to the new bill, and it was only saved from instant defeat in consequence of a misunderstanding of the question pending, on the part of one Senator, and who therefore voted contrary to his own intention. From that moment various means and appliances were brought to bear, either to bring over the recusants, or to cause them to desert their seats and forego their opposition to the measure. Talk of violating oaths and constitutional obligations indeed! Who began tho game? Are not those members who were prevailed upon to desert the po6t of duty, eo that the bill might pass by a minority of the Senate, just as amenable as those who resorted to the only remedy left by which such iniquity could be remedied 1 We think so: and are ready to take issue with any one upon the question. With these remarks, we are willing that the expo sition of the bill as given by our correspondent should go to the people, who, when they 6hall have been put in possession of the bill itself, (if they can analyze t; will make up a just judgment, and bestow censure or priise upon those entitled to either. On the 27th instant, the act supplementary to tbe " act to provide for the funded debt of Indiana, and the completion of the Wabash and Erie canal," received the approval of the Governor, and it is now the law of the land. This bill, at every stage of its progress through the two branches of the legislature. encountered a powerful and earnest opposition, the ast step of which, was an attempt made on Tuesday to break a quorum; and the final vote showed a bare quorum voting. v hatever opinions mav be enter tained as to the merits of this measure, tLerc can be but one opinion of those who, regardless of their oaths and their constitutional obligations, could be ca pable ot designedly breaking a quorum fora cause like that. We are free to express it as our opinion, that the present bill contains provisions which we should eel very reluctant to assent to; yet an honorable and niinly opposition is all that the people could have asked of any man ; and unless we deny at once the right of majorities to overrule minorities, we can find no justification for so factious a proceeding as some Senators, we know not how many, resorted to to defeat this bill. But it has passed, and it now becomes us in a spirit of candor and fair dealing, to submit it as one of the acts of the legislature, to the consideration of he people. The public debt, both principal and interest, is di vided equally, and one half the State is to pay by taxation, at the present rate; the other half is charged on the canal, and " the faith of the State is in no wise pledged" for its payment or redemption; yet the State has the right to redeem the canal after twenty years, by paying the principal of the canal debt. Those who subscribe towards the completion of the canal, are to have their interest and principal paid, beiore the non-subscribers. I his has been represented to be a necessary inducement to procure subscriptions, and it is understood that the subscriptions heretofore made, have been on these terms. Those who do not subscribe, can come in, and get the lull interest on one halt or the amount of their bonds. The time for subscription is extended to the first day of November next, but the time for non-subscribers to come in, and get the interest on the State half of their deb:, is unlimited. It is calculated that should the revenues of the canal, when completed, equal the interest of the whole caDal debt, and one half of it should be preferred stock, the canal would pay off mo whole preierrca stock, in a little more than four teen years. Whenever the preferred creditors rp paid off, those who are deferred will come in for their back interest and principal, but they are not al lowca interest on their deterred interest. Several amendments have been added, one for a strict account of all the proceedings of the trustees. to be furnished to the legislature and to the Auditor of State, another fixing the minimum of the trus tees' salaries at Ä12U0 and $150U a year respectively another for the re-appraisment of the lands east and west of Iippecanoe and another immer to actual settlers in the Vincennes district, the right to enter their lands at $1,25 per acre, by paying within tue year allowed tor claiming pre-emption. Whenever bonds to the amount of $4,000,000 are subscribed, the subscribers are allowed to elect trustees, and when ever the five per centum is paid in, the Governor is authorized to give the trustees charge of the canal subject to the provision that he is not to deliver the deed of the canal and lands until $5,54T,000 of bonds are surrendered. To remove all occasion for any bondholders to remain out, in the hope of getting better terms from the State, the bill provides that the State will not hereafter make any other provision for any Internal Improvement bonds, which shall not be surrendered in exchange for certificates, in accordance with the provisions of this act. The provisions we regard as being quite as favorable as the bondholders had a right to expect, and it will be vain for them to hope lur better terms. So scrupulous was the Jejris lature, of increasing by this act the burtheus of the people, that they refused to allow tbe exchange on the sterling bonds. When we consider that this class of bonds have always been estimated the same as dollar bonds, that no distinction was expressed in the bill of last winter, and that the losses of the State, in not getting pay for all the bonds sold, whereby she 1 lost some three or Jour millions, was mainly on ster ung oonas, ncouia hardly be expected that she would now pay a premium on them. As the present bil does not call for any increase of taxation, we pre some the people will be content with iL Tho bond holders have cause to congratulate themselves on the good success of their agent. He has conducted the negotiation with admirable skill and temper. The general reeult to the Deoole of the State. though it involves a burthen of taxation by no means J it . . . . uesiraDie will be to invite emigration, restore conn

INDIANAPOLIS, FEBRUARY 4, 1847.

fence, and give Indiana a high position among the J indebted States. By reference to t,.e Governor e menage, .t will U-, f.ecn Tin" liCtre. wmt T. !unüa ,n lft.Are"i,rJr to PJ t ofie . for certificates, will not h MM ä. ilA ' ior ceruncaies, win noi oe paia uie interest accrued previous to the half year within which they surrm- ' der their bonds but will only recieve a certificate . , , v. . . : . ; . ,.e rl t -C. ? V , T S, j'T rr u,,u? , cuyiMae. and the bill being m conror-jity with the terms of .1.-4 : "ti -tr . i. . i mat Buoscripuu. u,e act w in iate eueci immefliateiy. j rprn,v "SrrCSS' r T I JrJl: J' ?' ! ing the Secretary of the Navy to inform the Senate ..j - - l the cause of the return of the ships Mississippi and Cumberland from tha Gulf. Mr. Cilley (Dem.) of New Hampshire offered a resolution requesting the President to vritlidraw the Americans from Mexico. Mr. Allen (Dem.) of Ohio denounced the resolution in violent terms, and during his remarks was frequently called to order. The resolution was laid upon the table. Mr. Hannegan (Dem.) of Indiana offered a resolution calling on the President to inform the Senate of the causes which have led to a rupture with Brazil. iue resolution was acopicu. JUr. öevier (Dem.) of Arkansas reported a bill au thorizing the appointment of an Assistant Secretary of State. A bill was repotted relative to the transportation of mails to and from foreign countries. The Senate continued in session until 7 o'clock. discussing the Army bill. Ihe amendment offered by Sir. Houston (Dem.) of Texas was rejected by a vota of 14 yeas to 23 nays. I the House, Mr. Eoyd (Dem.) of Kentucky, reported a bill granting to the Volunteers extra pay. 2iit. Alexander II. btevens (Whig) of Georgia, moved to suspend the rules, in order to allow him to introduce a resolution declaring that the war with Mexico was not for the puropse of conquest, but for the redress of wrongs. Two thirds not voting in favor of the motion, it was lost. Increase of the Army. The following is the bill for the increase of the regular force of the United States, as it passed the House of Representatives, 171 to 34. A Bill to raise for a limited time an additional mili tary force, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representativs of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That, in addition to the present military establishment of the United States, there shall be raised or organized, under the direction of the President, for and during the war with Mexico, one regiment of dragoons, and nine regiments of infantry, each to be composed of the same number and rank of commissioned officers, non-commissioned officers, buglars, musicians, privates, &c, as arc provided for a regiment of dragoons and infantry re spectively under existing laws, and who shall receive the same pay, rations, and allowances, according to their respective grades, and be subject to the same regulations, and to the rules and articles of war : Protided, That it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, in the recess of the Senate, to appoint euch of the commissioned officers authorized by this act as may not be appointed during the present session, which appointments shall be sub mitted to the Senate at their next session for their advice and consent. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That, during the continuance of the war with Mexico, the term of en listment of the men to be recruited for the regiments authorized by this act, shall be during the war with Mexico, unless sooner discharged. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the Presi dent of the United States be and he is hereby author ized, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to appoint one additional major to each of the regiments ot dragoons, artillery, inttntry and riflemen in the army of the United States, who shall be taken from the captains of the army. bee. 4. And be it further enacted, 7 hat to each of the regiments of dragoons, artillery, infantry and riflemen, there shall be allowed a regimental quarter master, to be taken Irom the subalterns of the line, who shall be allowed ten dollars additional pay per month and forage for two horses. Sec. 5. And be it further enacted. That the said officers, musicians, and privates authorized by this act shall immediately be discharged from the service of the United States at the close of the war with Mexico. The nays were as follows : Nays Messrs. Abbott, Ashmun, Collamer, Crans ton, Culver, Delano, John H. Ewing, Foot, Giddins, Grinnell, Hale, Elias B. Holmes, Samuel D. Hubbard, Hudson, Washington Hunt, Daniel P. Kin"", Lewis, McGaughey, McIIvane, Marsh, Mosely, Ripley, Julius Rockwell, Root, Seaman, Severance, Truman Smith, Caleb B. Smith, Benj. Thompson, Tilden, Vance, Vinton, White, Winthrop, Woodruff 34. Tun xew Territory of Minnesota. A bill has been introduced into the U. S. House of Representatives by Mr. Martin, for establishing a new territory in a portion of the western possessions of the United States. The boundary of this new territory is proposed to be as follows : "Commencing in the middle of the main channel of the Mississippi river at a point where the line of north latitude torty-three degrees and thirty minutes crosses said river, running thence west on said paral- . . . . - .... . lei ot latitude until said parallel intersects the middle of tho main channel of Sioux river, thence up the middle of the mam channel of said river to its source, thence in a direct line to the source of the main channel of the Wild Rice river, thence down said main channel to its entrance into Red river, thence down the middle of the main channel of said Red river to the point on said river where the northern boundary line between the United States of America and the British possessions crosses said main channel of said Red river, thence along said boundary line to the point where said line strikes lake Superior to the northwest corner of the State of Michigan, thence along the westward boundary of said State to the point in the middle of said lake where tue said boundary is inter sected by tbe boundary line of the State of Wisconsin, as established by the Act to enable the people of Wisconsin Territory to torm a constitution and State government, and for the admission of such State into the Union,' approved August sixth eighteen hundred and forty-six, theuce along the boundary line of said State of Wisconsin to the mouth of the St Ixuis river, thence up the main channel of said river, to the first rapids in the same above the Indian village, accord ing to Nicollet s map, thence due south to the main branch of the river St. Croix, thence down the main channel of said river to the Mississippi, thence down to the centre of the main channel of said river to the place of beginning." Whig Patriotism. See a shameful caricature of the Massachusetts volunteers, exhibiting at a window in (Court street. This is just what the old Hartford conventionists did during the last war with England They caricatured and blackguarded the officers and . T 111 I.I soldiers who marenca inrotign me city on tneir way to .fight the enemy, to defend our own country, and to protect our women and children on Ihe frontiers from massacre, ravishment and tortures inflicted by British Indians. Boston Post. Fhailty. All men have their frailtbs. MAs I grow older," said Goethe, "I become more lenient to the sins of all humanity. The man who loudly denounces I always suspect. He knows too much of crime to denounce a fellow creature unheard ; a knowledge wnich can only be obtained by criminality itself. The hypocrite always strives to divert attention from bis own wickedness, by denouncing unsparingly that of others. He thinks he shall seem good in exact ratio as he makes others seem bad.

Mite

From Mexico. I T. . rn T . r . ... r . ! Lizardo on the 31st ult.. arrived at New Orleans on the 11th inst., with intelligence from the Gulf Squad- . to This arrival, as well as that 10 1 V11?? aV . cc.rms accoant 01 ujeeiecuonoi nta Anna and liomez tanas as 0f uie election of Santa Tresident and Vice Pre mated that a loan of resident of Mexico. It ia estir m mill.AN In.liAnualtA ""rnen the Mexicans with arms, and it is stated that Sant Anna is urgenüy calhng on the Government to eupplv him with ama and unilioM 0f war. The If; corp9 0f tLe National Guards of Mexico were very poorly supplied. The New Orleans Times of the 12th inst. furnishes V? 1 information, received by the jonn isarnes, ot the Kevolutionarv movemcments at Campeachy : "A Mexican schooner, bearing a fiag of truce, arrived from Campeachy on the 21lh. She brought the news cf a declaration of the independence of that province from tho central government, and claiming for her ports the privileges of Deutrals, which, it is believed, Com. Conner refused, unless they hoisted the American flag. Merida and thfe country adjacent had refused to unite in the movement, and proposed to put it down by force of arms. The Campechanos had marched upon Meridi, with a force of 2.5C0 men, the Meridans having 4,0K. It was supposed by the captain of the flag of truce, that a decisive battle was fought on the 21st ult., that being the latest date from the army, at which time they were within a few miles of each other. The flag of truce left Anton, with the answer of Commodore Conner, on the 27th." From the South. We have news from New Orleans to the 15th : Charter of Ships. The agents of the Government have, within a few days, chartered fifteen ships in this port, to transport troops to Mexico. Three of these vessels will take the Louisiana Regiment, six the two Pennsylvania, three the second Mississippi, and three the South Carolina Regiment. The South Carolina Regiment will embark at Mobile. It is conjectured that these troops will rendezvous at Tampico, preparatory to an attack on Vera Cruz. The ships Ondiaka, and Sharon left the city last night for Fort Jackson, to take on board a part of the Louisiana Regiment of Volunteers. Each ship will take about 3u0. The ship Archelaus will go down to-day to take on board the remainder of the Regiment. They proceed to the Gulf of Mexico with scaled orders. We could not learn their port of destination. The ships Oregon and Alhambra, are to proceed to Mobile in a few days to take on board the South Carolina Regiment. Mississippi Voluntees. The steamer Sam. Dale arrived yesterday with three companies of the second Regiment of Mississippi Volunteers, commanded by Captains Acker, Elder and Elythes. Paixhan Gcns. Several large Paixhan guns and a quantity of shells have reached the city from Pittsburgh. The guns have wide and savage looking mouths. The Mob Counties p? Illinois. The Legislature of Illinois, in both branches, occupied a large portion of the closing week of December in debating propositions referring to the insubordination which has long prevailed in the lower counties of that State. The members generally 6eemed deeply impressed with a sense of the necessity of taking some effectual measures for restoring and preserving order in these counties ; but of what those measures should be, very few seemed to have anvthin? like definite ideas. I Some were for special courts others for martial law. ihe House hnally referred tue subject to the Judiciary committee ; and the Senate passed a bill authorizing a special term of the Circuit Court in Massac county for the trial of persons charged with crimes, and empowering the Governor to send an armed force for the protection of the Court: for the expense of which measure the sum of ,$10,000 was appropriated. The Sangamon Journal, in noticing this matter makes the following appropriate remarks: One fact, which should be borne in mind by all these who may be led to the violation of law, even for what they suppose a just object, has appeared in this case. The very men who led in the first lynchings, are now here asking for protection against the mob ! They assisted to raise the storm, but failed to control it. So it will ever be. Our safety alone is in sustaining the supremacy of the laws." Magnetic Letter Printing Telegraph. This is one of the most ingenious pieces of mechanism that we have ever seen. It is the invention of Royal E. House, and has been patetfed in this country and in all tho principal kingdoms rf Europe. By applying it to the tekgraph wires which connect this city with Philadelphia, it wonld produce the following re sults. The operator in the station at Philadelphia. wishing to communicate here that "the design of Uncle Sam to get possession of the telegraph is defeated," would stand near a table with a small box six inches square and three inches high upon it. On the upper surface of the box appears the letters of the alphabet, arranged in two circles around the centre and on the ends of 'stops which may be depressed by the finger. On the side of the box there is a small brass crank. The operator, taking the crank in one hand, begins to turn it, and at every round he depresses two letters of ths word he desires to commu nicate in New York. Upon the instant that his finger is depressed upon a letter, that same letter is with unerring certainty printed with black ink, in Roman characters, upon the paper which is drawing out of the front of the apparatus at the station in this city. Thus: THE DESIGN OF UNCLE SAM TO GET POSSESSION OF THE TELEGRAPH IS DEFEATED. The rapidity with which these letters are printed is as fast as the operator in Philadelphia can depress them with his finger. An inexperienced person has printed with this apparatus at the rate of one hundred and eighty letters per minute. The printing is done with unerring correctness on the part of the machine, and there is no possibility for any mistake unless the operator depresses the wrong letter. Here we have the utmost despatch, perfect correctness, and the highest degree of legibility. Is any thing more necessary ! We have omitted to describe that part of the machine which we supposed to be placed at the station in this city. Anything we co ild say would be exceedingly imperfect. All that appears to the eye resembles a Email desk, often used by families, and that closes by a kind of lid in front. This instrument, we learn, is to be immediately applied to the telegraphic stations on the great London line of communication, and un less some better can be produced, we see no reason why it should not be at once adopted by all our mag netic lines, and thus set aside the present system, which people in the country denominate "Hieroglyph ics."jV. Y. Post. fc'j-'Mr. Langdon, of the Mobile Advertiser, in his last paper gives a correspondence between a commit tee of his friends and himself. he occasion tor which was as follows : The whig friends of Mr. Langdon determined to present him, on Christmas day, with a testimonial of their estimation of his worth as an editor, a citizen and a man, and selected for the pur pose, with good taste, an engraved picture of the United States Senate upon the occasion of Mr. Clay's farewell address to that illustrious body. Mr. Lang don's acknowledgment of tbe flattering gift is couched in grateful phrase, and contains an eloquent tribute to the genius and virtues of Mr. Clay. The whole affair strikes us ;s felicitous in design and execution, and we can well understand that the occasion should be a very grateful one to the heart of a political writer more accustomed to the violence of partisan onslaughts than to rewards of honorable fidelity and zeal. 07-Richard F. L'Hommedieu, one of tho publishers of the Cincinnati Gazette, died recently av Nashville, Tenn., whither he had gone upon business, and in the pursuit of health. His decease will be mu:h lamented,' for be deservedly had many friends.

Volume ArI:::::::uXuiiiLcr W isconsin Constitution! T,14, nntift;mi ,.r ,t,, . r v;-m - . finally adopted in convention cn the J4th ult. It rrovides fjr the election of a Governor and a Lieutenant Governor, each holding office for two years. The .at "L0' 7cr?0' n ÖXC1 " !,e Ln0ufan1. P - Leux. uovemor is lo De rresiticnt vt ihe Senate and- rnis a casting rote. The Secretarj of Sf n f It J 4ft llpfl a k tA i trr ti-lir. ta- t t TV,. . . nd Attorney General is to be elected by the people once in two years. There are never to be less lhan sixty nrc more thnn one hundred and twenty members of the House of Representatives; and the Senate is to coneirit of not more than one-third, nor less than one-fourth of the number in the House. . The members of the House are elected for one ycart Jind those of the Senate for two. The Legislature, is to meet on the second Thursday of January in each year. .The members are to receive two dollars per day for the first forty day, and one dollar per day thereafter. The ayes and noes are to be taken on the final passage of all bills. The Judge-3 of the several circuit courts constitute the Judges of the Supreme court, are to be elected by the people of the respective circuits, and cacli is t receive a salary of $1500 annually. Banks are prohibited, and so also is the circulation of piper money of a less denomination than $10, till 1819; and after that time all under $20 are prohibited. Interna improvements are to be encouraged but not participated in by the State. The State indebtedness cannot exceed one hundred thousand dollars. Wives are to retain all property real or personal owned by them at the time of their marriage. Forty acres of land not exceeding in value one thousand dollars, arc exempt from execution, to every citizen of the State. It is to be submitted to the people on the first Tuesday in April next. It is in most of its other features similar to the Iowa Constitution. Taxation. The Secretary of the Treasury estimates the receipts from duties, during the year ending on July 1, 1348, at $23,000,000. If the average rate of duty be 25 per centum, an addition of 10 pt r centum to all duties, or two-fifths to the present rate would augment the receipts from customs, by about two-fifths of the Secretary's estimate, and make the whole annual revenue from that source, about Ss30,000,000. Then if $1.000,000 be received "from public lands and other source?, the whole revenue will be S 13,000,000. We have already estimated the annual expenditures at $26,000,000 for 131Ü and 1SÖ0. and at $21,000,000 till 1353, the present debt at $33,000,000, and the debt necessary for 1317 and ISIS, it the war continues till July 1, 1343, at about $24,000,000. Therefore the whole debt and expenditure after 1343, for 10 years, will be $321,000,000. If then the revenue be $39,O00,O 0 annually durisg the same period, or fc39O,U0U,OU0 fr the ten years, the surplus in 1SÖ3 will be $09,000,000 ! ! This shows that an increase of duties by ten per cent, on the present rates, will be unnecessary ! But we have already proved that with the present tariff, without any augmentation of duties, or any increase of importation, all the demands upon the treasury mentioned above will be extinguished in 1853. If then the receipts from customs under the present tariff should increase, the nation will be free from debt before the close of 1353. Will these receipts increase! The increase of population from 13U0 to 1S40 was 41 millions. And as the increase continually augments with the population, having been only lk millions from 1700 to 1300, 2 millions to 1310, 21 to 1320, 34 to 1330, and 41 to 1340, we may safely assume that it will be G millions in 1350, and 9 millions in 1SG0. According to this ratio, toe population, 17 millions in 1340, will be 23 millions in 1850 and 32 millions in 1SG0. It is probably 21 millions now, and will be 30 millions in 1353. If then the receipts for duties be $23,000,000 on July 1, 1843, they will be ÄlO.OOO.O'JO in 1853. all other things being equal. Our manufactures will increase during this period with the increase of population. Eut in about the ßamc ratio will our importations increase. To this source of increase we must add those flowing from changes in Mexico. The war can be closed only on condition of large accessions of territory from Mexico, which will be open to European immigration, and of a radical change in the commercial relations of Mexico and the Uni:el States. The ports of Matamoras, Tampico, Mazatlan, Monterey, San Diego and others, ceded tc the United Slates, will be the great sources of supply to the Mexican population, and thus angment the Federal revenue from cus toms. We may therefore safely anticipate an increase of revenue from $28,000,000 in 1343, to 43 or $50,000,000 in 18G0, and can therefore afford to borrow 2o or $30,000,1)00 now for the existing war, without additional taxation. Phila. Ijedgir. Increase or Population. Political influence in the West. The home missionary thus sums up the growth ot the western btates: Ohio welcomed the first permanent settlers in 1789; now is occupied by 1,732,000 people. Michigan, to which the attention of emigrants was turned twelve or fourteen years ago, now has 300,000 people. Indiana, admitted into the Union in IdIo, has received a population of more than half a. million ! since 1330, and aow numbers more than 900,000 inhabitants. Illinois was organized a separate territory in 1310, and entered the Union as a Slate in 1813. From that date, Its population trebled over 10 years till the last census, and in the last b years has arisen from 476,000 to 700,000. Missouri, which in 1810 had only 20,600 people, has now 000,000, having increased 50 per cent, in five years. Iowa, was scarcely heard of nt the east 10 ypars ago ; it is but 14 years since the only white inhabitants, north of the Missouri line, were a few Indinn traders. More than 100,000 now make that beautiful land their home 00,000 of whom have gone in during the last four years. Wisconsin was organized ten years ago; the Marshals have just taken the census, and, from present appearances, the population will vary but little from 150,000, being an increase of 100,000 in 5 years One portion of the territory, 33 miles by 30, which 10 years ago was an unbroken wilderness, now numbers 30,000 inhabitants; and the emigration to that portion of the west is greater than ever. As a consequence of this transfer of population, there is a 6teady but rapid transfer of political influence. In 10 years, from 1330 to 1310, the east lost, by the change of the ratio of representation, 31 members of Congress more than it gained by the increase of population; while in the same period, the west gained, by increase of population, 11 members more than it lost by change of ratio, making a difference of forty-tiro totes. The seven new States and Territories above enumerated to say nothing of the other western and south-western States and Texas have increased since the last adjustment of the ratio, more than a million and a half enough to entitle them to 1G more members in our national legislature. Noble Example. We are delighted to find that there is at least due member of Congress in the whig party, who thinks more of sustaining the honor of his country, than in obstructing the President in his .a .-. " enueavors to onng tue war wun iuexico 10 aa nonora ble termination. We allude to Senator Crittenden of Kentucky. This patriotic gentleman promptly voted for Senator Benton's bill, encouraging the enlistment of Boldiers ; and at the same time remarked that he was in favor of a vigorous prosecution of the war, and should accordingly vote for a liberal supply of men and money to further that object We hope and trust that the remaining whig in Congress will follow Mr. Crittenden's example, and sustain the administration in its efforts to close this war as apeedily as possible. Acquittal or Tirrell. The trial of Tirrell, at Boston, for arson, has resulted in his acquital. The jnry were out three hours. Th Prosecuting Attor ney now proposes to try the accused for adultery.

We are truly obliged to our valued correspondjnt, Mrs. Sarah T. Bolton, for the poem in another column. A prettier piece we have not read in many 1 day. 'We predxt for this lady great fame, as every piece the writes is judicious, nd raises htr higher and higher in public estimation. Cincinnati Commercial. The Stream of I. ifc. ET MS. I AI AH T. BOLTOX. I raw a little fountain rife, Withio a fijwtrjr (Sell, When first tfie IuM of morninz Vica . ' . . .

in iuiienea iidience Ic:I, Like sume triglit pieence come to guard Tbe f aikhng ticaure well. A itretmlet flowed, in matchless giace, Alon its lebbljr iT.ore Ho thadow icted on it face, . Save when a elouj rime o'er; A moment, ard the apaiklii'g wares , H'eie smiling as Lcfoie. It ever sap the same sweet ton Sa full of quit mirth. And as it eJ ly danced alon Tbe vallejr of its birib. It mirrored stars upon the ky And Uufsums cn the eatth. A hinin; river, wild snd fire, - Flawed on Ibioa-h b loom inj bowen, Where tuneful tiids sartnetiily Their love-lays lo the fiovrei. , And blight-eyed hope and joy forgot To note tbe parsing houis. The while-winged cloudi that flitted by) Like ftiries in a dica;n ; The vairing colois cf the sky, ' Tbe daj-star'l silveiy beam Wert tainted ly an angel'i ita Upon the joy uns stream. A mighty turient swept alurg i A towering tanite shore ; . lis swelling waves were wild and strung, 1 1 voire a ceaseles roart The tone nt had f .rjot the song ' The stieimltt si.g of yore. On, with a th u-and mingled sounds, T is wilily tushi.iji now ; A mo'nenl, inj it madly bjunis Adown a eataiact's biow, , . And 1 oars, and wbiils, and foams, and seeth CIn eddying wave below. On, erer on, in i!s unitt, A broad daik stieam doth glide; There is no sunbeam cn its bieast, No blossom ly in iJe 1 . Nor star, nor rainbow is impressed .Upou the tuitid tide. . ' EtiU onwafd, wearily and slow, - - The slugih stream doth sweep; Its voice a murmur, sad and low; Its bo'om culd and deep ; It secmeth that the ragin wares . ' Have lulled themselves to sleep. Tbe fountain, pare and full cf glee; The streamlet glad and bliebt; The shining liver, wild and free, The toirent in its night, .. , Now minglinjf with the daik blue sea, Are lost to human tihu :" Thus, through ocr guileless infancy. Through childhood, glad and brigh, ' Through youth' fair day-dieama wild and free. Through manhood in it might, Thiough old age, slow and wearily, We pass fiom human sight. Romantic Stoei One cf the sous of Schamyl; the hero of the Caucassus, was taken .prisoner some years ago, when about eight years old, by. the Russians. The ernperur had him'bnlliantly educated at the Military School, where he was considered cue. of the bcöt pupils. He never ?poke of hi lather, and appeared to have forgotten his birth-place. His comrades and professors were ignorant of his origin, and he was known by a diTorent name from his own. He left the Military School last July, aud va3 sent as lieutenant to the Regiment cf Finland. A month back he disappeared, leaving a letier fur his colonel, in which he informed him of his birth, and declared that, though young, he had never forgotten his native country, and that he was going to join, his fatht-r and brothers. This news caused a great sensation. The young Schamyl, who is eighteen, years cf age, is much beloved by his fellow pupils, who at present cannot help admiring the patience and courage with which he endured his lot for po long a time. It is 6urposed that he has succeeded in reaching Sweden. A family of rich Finland peasants have been arrested on suspicion of having fivored his escape. Max. We take the following rich morsel from one of Dow Jr's "Short Ta tent Sermons ; 4iMan Jooks.upon hfe just as he does upon wproanthere is no living with them, and he can't live.wiUiout them. He will ruu after them, and rather thait be held, he will lose Iiis coat tail and character kiss them tor love, and then kis them for leading him in- -to trouble. So with life ; he partakes cf its pleasures and then curses it for its pains ; gathers Ixxjuets fcf bliss, and when their blossoms have faded, lie finds himself in possession of a bunch of briars: which is.'. nil owiuz to a little incident that occurred in Taradiso' when man was green as a tobacco worm, and as unsuspecting as a tree toad in a thunder storm. He was told to increase and multiply, and so he accordingly increased his cares and curses, and multiplied his miseries, and peopled the world with a parcel cf candidates for perdition, and I am one of them!M The Odd-Fellows. The poorer classes cf the community, during the past year, have suffered much by various disasters, such as fires, sickness, &.c.t which has left mauy poor but honest and industrious persons to suffer, or be dependent on the benevolence, of their fellow citizens. Vet, through all these trials notwithstanding the immense drafts which have been made upon them for relief, the Order of Odd 'Fellows have, in all cases w here any of their members were among the sufferers, extended a helping hand, and rescued many from misery and want. It has been e, true and tried friend to many who have been in distress during this extraordinary year, and is sstill conuiiumg 011 iu course, iiKe an angti or mercy and a rescuing spirit, to the fallen and downcast. e say this as a deserved tribute to the usefulness of the or der. Phil. Chron. The Oregox Rail Road. We are informed that Dr. II. Carver, of I'ittsford, an old resident of this county, has gone to Washington to procure a charter to bu.ld the Oregon Rail Road, bv individual enter prise. Dr. C. has lon;j manifested great interest in this important work, and claims that he Is the original projector cf the enterprise. This claim is supported by a mass of testimony that is quite convincing to those who have examined it. It appears that he wrote and published articles concerning the project longbeoie it was broached by JUr. W hitney or any other person. lie is continent that the road can be built by individual enterprise. Rochester Dem'Krat. Ilcmnrks of Mr. Jones of IJIackTord. . While the motion to adopt the amendments of the. Senate to the Cutler bill was under cotxiJeralion in the House, . Mr. Jones of B. said, that Ii was now called onto condemn or adopt, in mass, the amendment of the other enti 01 me capuoi, na uiu nui iniena 10 impute sinister mo tives to any gentleman on tins uoor ; but he did think the proposition now before the House looked rery suspicious and to vote for or against them was calculated to placa members in a ule position, for we are compelled to vote, against some rood provisions in order lo avoid same mor ol'jectionnble features, and the advocates of this measure will try and hold us aa repudiates. , Som of the amendments of the Senate he could not and would not subscribe to. One of which provides that we will never provide for the balance of our bondholders. tlis constituents had not aent lum here to violate the faith and honor of the Slate. Notwithstanding we had pledged ourcanal, lands and revenues, together with our honor, we were now called on to -lolale all and accomodate a certain few. 4 - lie would ask who would be benefitted by the passage '' of t bis set? Of course the four millions of our tont,' which has been swindled from us will be the first to ha surrendered, and are we to aay to those from whom we. have received a valuable consideration, we will not legislate for youi benefit ; but say to the widow, the aged, tho orphan and infirm atand back while we art fi-f thone who have an agent hanging about these lobbies." I te!l tn. llemen if they are prepared to go for these amendments'" let them do it, for one I am not prepared to go for them. He aaid it was harped upon this floor that this measure was popular, and the voice of the State was in its favor ; but let me ask gentlemen en this floor what was the isaue made ? It waa that the hilt placed ouo half cf the debt on the canal, heralded by every pamphlet, presa and organ, and by the officers and members of this 1 louse and country twelve months ago. And what is now the provisions of these slight amendments of the supplement!, and the immaterial modification of the. Senate. , It placea only four millions on the canal, and save interest, in all notjone quarter of the debt. Andyet we are told that the people's voice is ia favor of this measure," and to warrant us in openly repudiating ths remainder. If gentlemen were disposed topacs this bill let them, rW would not,- and he eared for no man's opinion, he hej'f himself accountable to Iii constituents, and to them' be waa read to render an account of bis stewarJil.a: - , -