Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 6, Number 9, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 August 1846 — Page 2

ffnftiann Btatc gcntmcl. WGnULY EDITION.

lXUl.iXAI'OLlSt. AIGIST 20, 1H4G. Cur IVi mThe follovi in? will hereafter te the permanent terms of the XVetkfy Indiana Slate Sinti net: fjr-Fayments to be made always in advance, rt .-o, i Cr1 00 VlIC tVLJ) . Three copies, one year, 5. 0 Vivi runipp. one vear. c.1 Ten copie, one year, lo.OO Twenty copies, one year, directed to one person, 20.10 Scml -Weekly. Published three times a week durir g the session.) One copy. Si 00 Three copies. ÄlO.I'O Particular Notice. Frnm particular lnfiin.nion received at this office, we owe it to nnrseivas and 11m public tu withdraw all our travelling gentin, except in (tut f E. S. Truca ; an l al, all arrangements beretarflire made with the " Western Cultivator, and Spectator." mdiuiu old aopriefc was concerurtl. With Um new conductors of the. pajr, u arrange. fftU h iv hrm marie. Aitj'. IS, 1843. 5a 3v C. A. J. T. CHAPMAN - To Correspondent. Fkkites hw prevented a mil ice of several cotuuiuuicaiioM. all now receive immediate attention. Tbey ball 0"We take" the following very jut remarks front a correspondent of the Charleton Mercury : Notwithstanding, the Whigs on the etition of Messrs. Gales &, Scalen h .d changed the law to give to their favorites a profit of 20 per ccut. on the printing, the 23th Con gress a Democratic House passed a resolution providing that th ir printers should receive 20 per cent. Ins for the public printing1 than the prices of IS1U, the same an passed bv the Whigs at the beginning, and chatted by them at the end of the 2 7th Congress. Under thiai resolution Messrs. Blair &. Rives were elected printers to the House, and performed the work for twenty per cent, less thin the Whigs had in the previous Congress paid to Messrs. Gales & Seaton. And Messrs. Ritchie &. Heiss took the printing of Congress at the beginning of the present Session on the same terms that i twenty per cent, reduction from the prices of IS 9, and had no change been made in the law, they would have received twenty per cent, less than the prices' paid by the 27th Congress to their printers, and to pay which they revoked their own acts. The crown'nj injustice then of the resolution passed by the House a few days ago to reduce prices, and voted for and passed by the Whig members, is, that it still further reduces the prices of public printing beyond the twenty per cent from-'the prices of 1311), and it makes this further teduction take effect on all the work done since the commencement of the session. It makes an additional reduction of thirteen and onethird per cent, or 33J per cent, reduction from the prices of 1319 on all printing of documents of which more than 5000 copies are ordered to be printed, besides making various other deductions from what has been usually paid to the public printer. . . ' Tue Crawfordiville "Press" appears to be in a ? terrible way" about the new tariff, especially because it reduces the duties on Iron. The editor hails from Pennsylvania, and cannot yet realize the fact that he now lives in a State whose interests are as tvjch opposed to high duties on iron, as those of Pennsylvania are supposed by him to be in favor of such duties. There is one fact connected with the iron duties to which we wish to call his attention. Oa the 5th inst. Mr. Evans, the Whig Senator from Maine, offered a resolution in the Senate, remitting the duties on imported railroad iron, heretofore collected to the extent of several millions of dollars. It is unnecessary to suggest that this is a true development of Tariff Wiiiggery. Railroad Corporations, they argue, should have their iron duty free, but every trace chain, pot, "horse-shoe, and every other article of iron used by farmers and mechanics, must be taxed one or two hundred per" cent., to protect Pennsylvaniacs. It is a practical illustration of the Websterian doctrine 44 Take care of the rich, and the" -rich will take care of the poor," a maxim of which he personally experiences the full utility. Democratic Review. The August number of the Democratic Review brings, us several articles on important topics. 1. Legislative Embodiment of Public Opinion," a review of the Democratic acts of the present Congress. 2. An Esiäy on the Ground and Reason of Punishment, not by an opponent of Capital Punishment in all cases, though no friend to the recent publications of Taylor, Lewis and Dr. Chcever on this subject. 3. A Review of Ly ell's Travels in North America. 4. An Article on Prison Discipline the Reports of the New York Prison Association. 5. The Papers of an old Dartmoor Prisoner, edited by Hawthorne, ß. An Essay on Charles Lamb, by Shelton. 7. West Point, by Tuckerman; and Financial and Commercial Record. The portrait of the number is a daguerreotype of D. S. Dickinson. The Review is now published by T. P Kcttell, 142 Fulton street, at per annum. Okegon Spectator. Our friend Joel Palmer has sent us the first and second, and he, or some one else, Las also sent us the fifth and sixth numbers of the "Oregon Spectator." W. G. T' Vault, the first editor, publishes his valedictory in the fifth number, some misunderstanding with the Association ownin" the press, causing his withdrawal. Politics appears to be the cause of difficulty, if we understand Mr. T.f and it appears that there are aristocrats in Oregon city as well as every where else! II. A. G. Lee assumes the tripod of the Spectator in number six, and seems to talk pretty wtll, though we suspect he is a Whig. Easkrcpts uxder the Late Law. Arepotthas been prepared by the State Department for Congress from which it appears that the number of applicants for the benefit of the bankrupt law, heretofore papcd, was 33,739; nambcr discharged from the payment of their debts, 9,291 ; refused by the courts, 7GG ; $43,097,301 ; costs of judicial proceedings, 302,322. Only think of a difference of nearly 100,OCO,0C0 between the debts and the amount of property surrendered or not far from gttCO for each creditor. Ta. Ledger. Panic or Another Character. In the North, the Whigs predict that the new tariff bill is about to indict "ruin" npon the manufacturers. The Georgia Whigs, on the coutrary, denounce the bill, because it gives too many bounties to the manvfacturers. Hear the Georgia (Whig) Journal: Lowell is betoxd the peach or tocr Bill. This was the remark of an Eastern man, Mr. Simmons, upon the passage of tho tariff bill. And we agree with him perfectly. Lowell will always be beyond the reach of any sueh bill. Thre is protection enough in it to mike LotccU rich enough in twenty ytars to luilJ another Lowell. Focxd at Last ' -We had been for some .weeks hunting the btst tea in town, and xe think ultimately found it at Hcebaris, corner of Washington and Illinois street. He keeps the article imported and admirably put up by the Cantox (not the Pekin) Tea Company. Those who want a good articlo need not hesitate to try as above directed. Facts have come to the knowledge of the police in this city, says the St. Louis Republican, to induce the belief that Cook, who murdered Reeve at Cincinnati, passed through this place several days ago on his way to Alton, where it is believed h took the stak'e for Chicago.

At GI ST ELi:CTIO., IS IG.

Offlci.il ICctunis. We add to-day, Tuesday, the official returns, with such additional ones as hate been regularly received at the Secretary's office Whitcomb's rjjlcial majori ty thus far, in 75 counties, is 3,775. In the retried rountie. it stands 212 ; added to the official will run it tu 3,037 ! ! Where's Carnett 1 In the same coun ties, excepting Wayne, Dunning's o.Ticial majority is 4,t 0 ! Wc will add. as we receive the return?, up I , , - .I- . , tu the hour of publican. Vote far Governor OCIcial.

Mar. IVhit. Clay. Polk. 132 232 !9S 286 43 70 40 69 73 269 81 205 CSt 761 816 871 GO 407 59 432 7(13 SöS 712 963 790 676 763 671 347 597 429 662 689 7-57 643 51 410 411 4C2 397 651 ' 716 807 761 1232 1615 1616 1971 219 3C6 69 327 731 542 910 732 177 406 229 501 656 ' 8S2 753 961 1017 752 1051 90S 021 929 965 931 776 1100 947 1387 1109 . 13sl 1323 1534 273 . . 267 341 303 632 . 726 796 810 341 - 499 353 423 . 6i7 S04 762 909 -733 673 859 766 .624 651 719 73Ö II0S 971 1252 1144 1US2 69S 1262 844 270 323 277 316 132 179 123 , 175 2S5 359 .331 352 1616.- 11S7 1S35 1427 747-'- 629 872 669 634 - " 973 659 1150 70S 524 623 553 132 184 114 206 943 867 1009 . 831 927 1017 1019 10S5 612 743 813 854 15,17 15C9 17I5 1631 252 353 199 25 235 4S4 276 516 C23 - 582 5G3 517 703 " 1002. 721 1 113 1390 139S 1450 1521 972 1013 1023 107S 457 506 39Ö 433 426 390 193 163 651 956 707 1036 742 8Gt 751 8S3 1215 1549 1377 1329 450 307 564 334 . . 372 5.S 459 491 291 304 311 305 434 1104 673 1154 1420 1327 1540 1367 42 751 81S . 809 913 726 1060 908 1370 1208 13S0 1362 474 411 431 441 943 1075 1107 1342 256 375 323 303 353 1103 464 1221 SS9 S70 961 1006 1425 1451 1550 1551 93 137 100 119 626 599 632 672 624 510 675 556 666 703 787 762 1272 837 1515 836 670 634 601 575 1039 1334 1149 1C60 1921 1251 2321 1436 123 269 1S5 306 231 259 222 237 60,773 64.50S ISeporlcd. 79 869 49 840 959 1035 1063 181 1132 1417 1009 897 1275 1091 IISO 814 1433 1005 - 530 . 802 662 1043 862 666 1079 S21 590 . 457 20 - 123-. . .124 513 4D0 686 . 496 755 , 702 893 ' - 633 245 779 470 ZU -623 394 850 - 27 259 213 Senators. 1S45. 1846.

Adam, Ber.ton. Rlackford, BoOtif, Crown, Carroll, Cits, Clay, Clinton, Crawf-td, Dane, lraito, rkib, . Delaware, Dubois. " F.lkha.t. F-iyrtle, Floyd, Fountain, Frai.kln, T Kul'on, k " tliecnr, Harriilfcn, . -IIneick,. Harrison, fit lid. ick, Huntington, Japr r, J'T. J. Orson, Jenning, Johnson, Ki'sciii'ko, Lake, Lapoite. Lawienrr, Madison, M-irioa, Maithall, Mai liu, Miami, Monroe. . Montgomery, Morgan, Noble, Ohio, Orange, Owen, Parke, Perry, Pikr, Poiter, ' Posey, Putnam, Randolph, Ripley, Rush, Scott, Shelby, Steuben, Sullivan, . Switzerland, - Tippecanoe, Tij.t.m, Union, Vandeiburgh, Vermillion, Vigo, Wabash, Washington, Wayne, Well, Whitley, Allen, Bartholomew, Claik, Decatur, Henry, Jackson, Knox, Lagrange Pulaski, Spencer, St. Joseph, Warren. Warrick, White, Counties Name. Allen, A. W. and II., Wm. Rock hill, D. 1 1 0 . 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 I 0. 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1" 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 I 0 1 0 1 IV. 0 , o 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 .1 . 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 I 0 1 0 1 0 I . I 1 1 0 0 1 I 1 1 0 1 0 2 0 D. 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 I 0 - 0 0 0 1 1 o. 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 I 1 1. 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 1 IF. 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 fj 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 . 1 Bartholomew and J., II. H. Baibour, it one, it. and I W. W. Conner, nrown and M., Cas, M. and W Clark. Carroll and Clinton, Crawford, Djviei and M., Dearborn, Decatur, Elkhait, &e., Fayette and Union, Floyd, Fountain, Franklin, Giant and D., Gibson, P. and D., Hendricks, Harrison, Henry, Hancock and M., Jackson, Johnson, JefTetson, Knox, Lawience, Lapoite, P. and L , Marion, Morgan, Montgomery, Noble, &c, Owen and Greene, Posey and V. raike, Putnam, Rash, Wm. Betry, C. Tahtr. Jas. G. Read. P. Walert, II. Miller, if. C. CI erne ntt, Jji. P. Millikin, Jut. Robinson, Abram Cuppy, Henry Simpson, J. S Davit, Coates, Ceo. Berry, R. Winchell, R. R. Kdmontton, S. A. Verbrikc, J tin Zenor, E. Mnrphey, A. Jackson, F. . D. English, F. Hardin, S Goodenow, A. T. Ellis, II. Hamer, A L Otborn, I Fro. Slevar t, P. M. Paik, John Beird, M. Marsh, A. F. Alison, W. H Stotkweir, W. G. Coffin, A. D. Hamrick,' Jesse Morgan, II. J. Bowers, 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 2 0 Ripley, Randolph, D. and J , Dixm Milligan, Shelby, A. C. Handy, Swittetland and O., M. R. Green. St. Joseph, M. and F., Lot Day, Tippecanoe, Vetmilliun, Vi, S. and C, Warten, tc, Warrick, Wayne, Washington, o. S. Orth. S. Chenowith, Jat. II. Henry, D. Montgomery, M. J. Howell, CA. M. Bradbury,? I D. P. IIulhway,5 . D. Log.in, 25 25 23 24 Those in Italics are new members. Kcprcseiifativcs.

D. W. D. IV. I Adams and Wells, 1 0 Lapoite, U 2 I Allen, 0 I Lawrence, 1 0 ! Daiihol mew, 1 0 MadUon, 1 0 i Blackfuid and Jj, 1 0 Mai ion, 0 3 I Borne, 1 0 Maishall and F., 1 0 Brown, 10. Miami, 10 Cairoll, I 0 Monroe, ." I 0 Cass and R., 1 1 Montgomery, 0 2 Claik, 1 1 Morgan, 1 0 Clay, 1 0 Noble, 1 0 Clinton and Tipton, O I Owen, 1 O iCrawfoid anJ O., .2 0 Parke, 11 Dcaibtm, , . 20 Perry, 0 1Decatur, 0 I Pike, - .1 0 Davics and Marlin, 0 1 Poiter and Lake, 1 0 Dptawaie, 0 1 Poey, 2 0 Dubois, 1 0 Putnam, 1 1 Klkhart, 1 0 Randolph, 0 1 Fayette, 0 I Ripley, 0 1 Fljd. 0 1 Ruh, . 0 2 Fountain, o Scott, 0 I Franklin, ..J o Shelbr, 1 0 Gin, i o Spencer, 0 1 Grar-t, I 0 Steuben and Dekalb, 1 0 Greene, I 0 - St. Joseph, 0 1 Hamilton, 1 1 Sullivan, 2 0 Hancock, 10 Switjetland and O., 0 1 Harrison, 0 1 Tippecanoe, 1 1 Hcndiicks, 0 1 Union. 0 1 Henry, .0.2 Vanderburgh, 0 1 Huntington, Le. . 1.0 - Vermillion, 0 1 Jjckoi, 1 0 Vjgo, 0 2 Jefleison, 0 3 Wabath, 0 1 . JetiniDg, 0 1 Wairen, 0 1 Johnson, 0 . 1 Wairirk, 1 0 Knox, 0 1 White, Pulaski, Sec. I 0 Kusciuko, .0 1 ; - Washington, 1 1 Lagrange, ' 0 I ' Wayne, Q 4 47 53

" (7-MSkttchc3 in the Camp," No. 3, which we publisji to-day, was a few hours too late for our last paper. It perhaps will nevertheless be interesting to those who have friends among the volunteers. CpCommodorc William Chauncy Wetmore, of the U. S. Nary, died on the 8th inst-j at his resi dence, Bergen Hill, N. J-

"Define Tour Terms.

Voltaire. The term "ad valorem" is a Latin term, which means proportion of the value. Thus, when a commodity is charged with a duty of thirty per cent, ad valorem, the importer has to pay at the custom house ij&O far every hundred of its value. If the duty is twenty per cent., he pays 20 for every hundred ; and, if forty per rent., $10 fr every hundred in value of the article imported. Thus it is evident that this description of duty is a just and honest duty If the articles are of a cheap description, they are of less value, and, of course, pay le?s duty. If they are valuable and costly, they pay a higher duty in pro portion, lvtca person who purchases tue article imported, whether cheap or dear, pays a 'duty only in proportion to its value. To illustrate; rrtor? clearly : Suppose that silks were charged with a duty of thirty per cent, ad valorem, and that two pieces were imported one valued at 50 cents per yard, and the other at $1. Under this description of duty the. person who purchased a yard of the cheap silk, would have to pay 15 cents duty; while the person who bought the dear silk would have to pay thirty cents just double the amount because the value is double; but both articles paying only a duty of thirty per cent, ad valorem. Thus an ad valorem duty, whatever may be the rate, falls eqmUy and impartially vpon all the consumers the high and the lote, the rich and the poor. It is the only kind of duty which an honest republican people should ecr submit to or tolerate. The minimum duty by the tariff of 1312, is also called an ad valorem duty; but, while pretend. ng to that character, it is a ntcre mendacious, fraudulent, and cheating legislative detice to collect a duly, in some instances four, or J! re timrs higher than it professts to collect. It is also a Latin word which means f he smallest quantity possible. In the present tariff it applies only to cotton fabrics and yarns. There are three minimums which apply to fabrics, all or a part of which are cotton, viz: the twenty-cents, thirtycents minimums; and two apply to cotton yarns, viz: the sixty-cents and seventy-five-cents minimums. The following is the mode in which these minimum duties are levied. To explain the method, take, for instance, coareo cotton shirtings which cost three rents per yard in England. The present tariff professes to levy on all cotton manufactures, coarse as well as fine, imported into this country, only a duty of thirty per cent, ad valorem that is, 30 for every 100 of value imported. If, however, that were the actual duty levied on manufactures of cotton, the i loth above mentioned, costing in England three cents a yard, would pay a duty of but nine mills. But, when the importer enters the cloth at the custom house, and offers to pay the duty of nine mills per yard, which would bo thirty per cent, ad valorem, the collector tells him he must pay fix cents, instead of nine mill';-" .The importer asks him why he demands six cents per yard duty, when the law says it shall be taxed only thirty per cent. ad valorem, which is nine mills? The collector replies: 44 True, the law says you shall pay only thirty per cent, on your cloth, but it also says for the purpose of protecting Abbott Lawrence, who is worth a million of dollars; Nathan Appleton, worth another million; Samuel Appleton, worth another million; and numerous others, worth hundreds of thousands each, manufacturers of cotton that all cloth costing less than twenty cents a square yard, shall, be assumed to hate cost luenly cents, and on that twenty cents the duty must be paid, which is six cents. Now, you paid, it is true, but three cents in England for your cloth; but the tariff says, for the purpose of protecting the aforesaid manufacturers, that you paid twenty cents, which is the minimum, or least possible price the tariff supposes you have paid ; and therefore, thirty per cent, on twenty cents is six cents; and instead of nine mills, you must pny six cents dnty." The importer replies: "Then, sir, while the tariff pretends to tax me only thirty per cent., by stating a falsehood in assuming that my cloth cost twenty cents a square yard, instead of three cents, it actually, under this wicked device of a minimum duty, taxes me two hundred per cent. !! " He then consoles himself with the reflection, that, in the end, he shall not pay that enormous duty; but he trill add it to the cost of the cloth, and trill make the poor man tcho buys the cloth pay it. Thus, through this mendacious, fraudulent, and cheating invention of minimums, is the consumer defrauded of a duty equal to two hundred per cent, while the tariff pretends to exact only thirty per cent, of him. This illustration explains the principle of a minium duty. The effect of this enormous duty is to. exclude .the coarse cotton cloths from our market, and to leave to the American manufacturer of the article a complete monopoly of their sale. A specific duty is a.ccrtain, precise, and invariable sum imposed upon all articles of the same kind, per pound, yard, bushel, or ton, without reference to their quality, cost, or value. Its meaning will be best understood from its application. For instance: Brown sugar pays a specific duty of two and a half cents per pound; that duty is im posed on all kinds of brown sugar, whatever may be their cost in foreign markets, or whatever their a M. . W W quality. The best brown .Havana sugar pays no more tha.n the poorest Porto Rico. jiooX sugar pays a specific duty of six cents per pound, whatever may be its cost in a foreign country, or whatever may be its quality. Silk fabrics, used for dresses, pay a ppecific duty of $2.50 per p.und, whether they are coarse or fine, cheap or costly. " A silk dress weighing one pound, and costing not more than $10, pays just as much duty to the Government, as a pound of rich silk lace, which costs $50. Molasses pays a duty of four and a half mills per pound which, assuming that a gallon weighs ten pounds, is four and a half cents per gallon whatever may have been its cost in a foreign market, or whatever its quality. The Railroad. The Madison Banner of the 12th inst. has the following : It is with pleasure we are authorized to say that the Madison and Indianapolis Railroad Company, through their agent, J. F. D. Lanier, Esq., of this city, have succeeded in negotiating in the city of New York, a loan of $100,000 00 on favorable term3. This will enable the Company to complete the road to Indianapolis by the 1st of March next; and when completed, it will be of great benefit to the people, and no doubt highly profitable to thn stockholders.' This they deserve, as they took hold of it with energy in a dark and trying hour in the history of 'Indiana. The history of this road is somewhat singular. Whilst under the State's management, it produced but little revenue. Since it came into the hands of the Company, vitality has been given to it. The first year the receipts were $23,000; the 2d, $13,000; the 3d, $62,000; and will probably reach $100,000 tho present year ; and after its completion the nett income will not be less than $100,000. . . ..; We arc informed that Mr. Lanier was very much indebted for his success to the credit and exertions of Messrs. Winslow &, Perkins, a highly respectable and responsible firm in Wall street, New York. They took the pains to look into the condition and prospects of the Company, and became satisfied of its entire security and good managemcnt.and that its 6tock must prove at an early period very profitable. This is the same firm that has been so efficient in procuring the assent and co-operation of our foreign and domestic Bond-holders to the law of. last winter, providing for the liquidation of our immense State debt. The citizens of Indiana are under great oblibations to them and Mr. Charles Butler for their agency in the matter. Kentucky Election. The Louisville Democrat of the 14th gives the list of Senators elected at the August election in Kentucky : 3d District F. M. Bristow.- ' 4ih District Jas. V. Walker, whig, re-elected. 17th D.strict John W. Rnssell, whig. 21t District James Brien, dem. ' ; 23d District John Speed Smith, whig. . 25th District James O. Hawkins, whig. .27th Di-trict Geo. W. Williams, whig. " 29; h D.strict Alexander II. Innis, whig, 32d District David Thornton, whig. The Democrat also gives a list of 57 whigs and 29 democrats elected to the House of Representatives. Grass tor Mancfactcring Purposes. China furnishes a new material for spinning in the shape of its common grass, oeverai manufacturers in Lectls have lately made most successful experiments with it. This grass possesses all the desirable qualities of flax, but the fibre is longer, finer and stronger. The stuffi which has been manufactured therefrom resembles French cambric, but hat more than the latter a silky appearance. Jo China it is customary to use grass for similar purpose.

From tki Union, Augutl 10,

Congress Adjourned. Both Houses of Congress adjourned this day, in conformity with tl.eir joint resolution, at 12 o'clock. The hour was considered as peremptorily binding on the s;eakcrs ; but we trust it is the very last time that the resolution for adjournment is to be fixed at a particular hour f r, what is the efiect to-day ! Two or three of the most important bills of the last days of the session were cut off by the knees. The navy pension bill is thrown overboard, to the great detriment of roay a poor w idow. The post office route bill, embracing, among other important features, the provision, reviving the privilege of franking in favor of all those post offices the salary of which docs not amount to $100, was overlaid. The bill confirming the Cherokee treaty, which had been twice rejected in the Senate on Saturday night, and then passed by a majority of one, was lost for want of time to act finally upon it. The important bill which authorizes the President to employ $2,CO0,0O0 in facilitating the settlement of peace with Mexico, was actually lost by Mr. Senator Davis, of Massachusetts, speaking against time, whilst voices from the chamber were heard remonstrating against him for this determined attempt to prevent the introduction of a resolution for prolonging the session for a few hours. This measure, which is deemed most important for negotiating a peace between the two countries, and the fundamental principle of which was recognised by the vote of the House of Representatives on the passage of the. bill, and by a decided vote of the Senate on their own. resolutions, has been sacrificed by a Senator's wasting the.time of the Senate until the moment of adjournment had arrived. Whatever mischief may arise from the loss of this bill, may be fairly attributed to the 44 honorable" Senator from Massachusetts. t is unfortunate that these measures should have failed during the last hours of the session; but however much we -may regret the loss of them, we can not hesitate to pronounce, that this has been one of the most remarkable and uruuani sessions w ntcn nas ever been held within the walls of the Capitol. Long and arduous and animated as it has been, we rejoice that it has been continued until all the great measures of reform which the President recommended in his message, and the interests of the country demanded. have been carried through, except the graduation of the public lands. But this trophy remains for the next session to weave around its brow. We shall review the great works of the session, however, in a future article. We have no room for it this evening. Suicide or Wm. M. Pkice. Tho Philadelphia Ledger ccntain3 the following" notice, by its New York correspondent, of the suicide of Wm. M Price, whose name was so familiarly associated with that of Swartwout some years ago: Of the many deplorabla cases of self-murder which have from time to time startled the moral sense and shocked the sympathies of our community, I cannot now call to mind any which excited a greater degree of wonder, I may say dismay, than one- which oc curred about half past eleven to-day, at Ottignon's shooting gallery at the corner of Canal and Elm streets. The subject of it was Wm. M. Price, Esq., late U. S. District Attorney, whose name and history are familiar to the whole Union, as well as on the other side of the Atlantic. Mr. Price, after loitering a short time about the gallery, which he frequently visited, took a pistol loaded with ball, placed it at his forehead, blew his head to pieces, and fell dead up in the floor. . " ' :, The reverses which attended and followed the unfortunate termination of his official life have doubtless, led, gradually, to this melancholy termination of an active and distinguished life. Mr. P. has left behind him several children, mostly grown up. Preserved Fish, Esq. The New.Yprk Sun has the following interesting account of-the life of this distinguished citizen of New York : 44 The death of Preserved Fish, Esq., announced in our columns yesterday, was not unexpected, as that esteemed citizen had arrived at an age-(81 years) beyond that allotted to most men, and which could only be attained by a temperate and virtuous life. Death has in this instance robbed New York of one of her greatest benefactors, a man who raised himself from a poor sailor boy to the head of the large Mercantile house of Fish, Grinnell Co., (nowGrinnell, Minturn &, Co.,) the founders of our splendid lines of fast sailing packet ships. He was a citizen ofexemplary deportment, and a firm friend to the poor. His romantic name is said to have originated in his being found near Sandy Hook, floating in a basket, when an infant. The Captain of a New York and Liverpool ship picked up the bright little infant boy, named him Freserved Fish, and adopted and educated him. His parents were supposed to be lost by shipwreck. He was an obedient and faithful son to his new father and on arriving at the, age of. 21, he was made .first officer of a ship and soon after became Capiain and a joint proprietor. He next founded the. house of Fish, Grinnell &, Co., was subsequently elected an Alderman, then President of the Tradesman's Bank, and had various other honors conferred upon him by his fellow citizens. He leaves only one heir, an adopted son. Unlike most of our successful business men, he was satisfied with a fortune of fifty thousand dollars, with which he retired a number of years ago, leaving to his junior partners and clerks the management of the business which he and the late 'Mr. Grinnell of New Bedford had established. The increase of the value of his investments has increased -the value of his estate, which is now estimated at one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Bloody Sweat. A correspondent of the Boston Recorder, in commenting upon that passage in the New Testament, where it is said of our Savionr, that 44 he sweat, as it were, great. drops of blood, falling to the ground," gives the following instances from history of a similar effect produced by excessive anguish or fear : - "Mezcray, the historian, thus describes the death of the base Charles IX, of France: 4 Nature exhibited Strange freaks during the two last weeks of this monarch's existence. . From inward excitement of mind or 60ul, his body was frightfully agitated; so much so that blood gushed from the pores of his flesh. At last, in the extreme weakness occasioned by those agitations, he yielded ins soul. . He also relates that the governor of a town, being sentenced to death, on beholding for the first time the gallows, experienced an agitation which produced a profuse sweating of blood. . Lombard mentions a general who experienced the same from chagrin elicited from losing a battle. He tells of a nun, the most beautiful of the age, whose terror was so great on falling into .the power of a banditti, that it caused blood to ooze from every pore. A lecture delivered before the Society of Arts at Harlaam, in Europe, speaks of a person , being prostrated on the deck of a ship by a storm, who, when raised, was found streaming with blood from the surface. He was not wounded, but the phenomenon had been occasioned by excitement cf mind. In the same lecture, a widow is mentioned who fancied that she saw the apparitioii of her son, supplicating her to release his soul from purgatory, by prayer and fasting every Friday. On the ensuing Friday, while under extreme excitation of mind, a bloody perspiration covered her body. Tiie si me occurred every subsequent Friday, until she thought her task accomplished ; after which, her mind returned to its usual state, the bloody sweat ceased." Gexeral Taylor, hearing of his ncmination for the Presidency, is said to have remarked : 44 1 have been always opposed to the election of mere soldiers to be 1 residency. They have no buisncss in a civil office of so great responsibility, and they are usually unfitted by education and experience for it. It is not probable that I can be tempted to violate this principle of my life to gratify my own ambition, or those who have controlled these meetings." The Hon. Wm. L. Yancey, of Alabama, has re signed his seat in Congress. His address to his constituents is a plain-spoken document, and bitterly denunciatory of the democracy of the North and West He wishes the South to have nothing more to do with incm in political atiairs. The Printing Telegraph. A correspondent of the New York Commercial Adrertiser, announces that this machine, invented by Etayal E., House, is now ready to be put in operation. Mr. House has offered it to the Government.

Mr. ri:iv mi Ihn TnrlfT.

It is part of the burden of Whig complaints against the administration for proposing any modification of the tariff of la 12, that Mr. Clay, if he had been elect-1 ed, would have let the existing tariff stand as it is. This is as much as to say that in the judgment of the whig j Mr. Clay has changed his opinions so often on the tariff, that he would change them again, if elected President. There can be no mistake about this, we think. We presume no Whig questions that the tariff of 1812 is a hi?h tariff. Yet in 1813. Mr. Clay in Lis letter to Meriwether, of Georgia, declared emphatically, never teas infacor oj whit I regarded as a high tariff." As if to make assurance doubly sure on the subject, Mr. Clay adds in the same letter : I diJ not vote for ths tariff of 1823. for which Mr. Van Baren. Col. Benton. 4J61. Johnson, Mr. Wright and oth er of our opponents did "vole, an J, it it remarhalle, that frtm that beritd, my exerlitnt in Congress have been directed to the reduction and mooujicaifn J lartjj. Now, if he was opposed to the tariff of 182?, and was "never in favor of a high tariff," on what grounds could he sustain the existing tariff, which is higher than that of 1323, or than any other tariff which we have had? Especially how could he sustain the existing law, when ever since 132S he has constantly exerted himself in Congress 4for the reduction and modification of tariffs !" But perhaps it is thought Mr. Clay would permit the tariff of 1842 to stand, because it embodies the principle of protection. Here is his declaration on Lhat subject, made in the Senate of the United States on the 21st January, 1312, some seven vionths only before the tariff of1312 was passed : Carry out. then, the tpirit of the compromise act ; look to REVENUE ALOSE for theaupport of Govern ment. Do not raise the question of protection, which I had hoped had been put to reat. THERE IS NO NECESSITY OF PROTECTION FOR PROTECTION." But irmay be thought that since the tariff of 1342 rejects the principle of ad valorem duties, or at least prefers specific duties with certain minimum variations, Mr. Clay might on that account permit that tariff to stand. To those w ho hold such an opinion, the following passage from the speech of M. Clay in the Senate on the 4th of March, 1342, may prove instructive : MYbat are. the 'other principles of the act! First, there ia the principle thai a filed ad valorem duty shall prevail and be in force at all times ; for one, lam willing to abide by that principle. There are certain vague notions afloat aa to the utility and neesaity of specific duties and difctiminationtf which ! am persuaded arise from a want cf a right understanding of the subject. We have had the ad valorem principle practically in force ever since the compromise act was passed, and there ha been no difficulty in administering the duties of the treasury on that principle." - The 6ame doctrine is emphatically summed up in one of the resolutions sübmitted by Mr. Clay to the Senate on the 25th of February, 1342. The resolution is as follows : "Itetoleed, That in the adjustment of a tariff to raise an amount of twenty-six millions of revenue, the principles of the compromise act should be generally adhered to, and that especially a maximum rate of ad valorem duties hould be established from which there ought to be as little departure as possible. This i3 plain enough ; it is needless to pursue the subject. Un ion. Truth will oct. The Newburyport Herald, a Whig paper, and an advocate of the Tariff of 1842, contains the following statement and remarks, under date of the 5th inst.: The New Mills. The stockholders of the Globe and Ocean Mills, meet to-morrow, to take measures for the increase of their capital stock, so as to put the mills into immediate operation. These mills have now received and set up nearly all their machinery, and in a few weeks will be prepared for the manufacture of cloth. The 6ize of the mills having been made larger than was originally designed ; in consequence of this fact, and the necessity at the present time of providing some working capital besides that invested in buildings and machinery, aa increase of capital is requisite. We have made some inquiry as to the competition which these mills will encounter from the English manufacturers under the new tariff, and find that the goods they will manufacture, cost within a small fraction as much-irr-England, as they do here. The English manufacturers work into tneir goods a por tion of East India cotton, which costs only one half

as much as American cotton, and by this meanssomtvlbut onlv had two fires for five comoantes to cook bv

times underse sen us in sucn tauncs, oui me quality or 11 1 1 . .1 ' . the cloth is in these cases so inferior, that even the Chinese and Brazilians prefer to pay the enhanced price of American goods, except when they are deceived by the imitation of American goods wlilch some of the Englishmen adopt. v . With a fairly levied 25 per cent, duty, we believe these mills will do a better business than the navigation interest generally, especially as the domestic competition will probably te-much lessened for several years to come. . The machinery has all the latest improvements, and intelligenrand experienced agents have been appointed to superintend the manufacture. The Panic. A writer in the Troy Budget, denies the panic statement, that some 200, or that any hands, had been discharged in the Troy Vulcan Works. He adds, that several large concerns in the city, who employ more men than any of the Iron Works, and some of them as many persons as any of the Cotton or Woollen factories, will not discharge a single person in consequence of the passage of McKay's Tariff bill. I "speak from positive know ledge. I have no doubt every good industrious-J mechanic will find good employment and at fair and reasonable wages. It is possible the panic-getter-up gentlemen who want GO or 70 per cent on their capital employed, may discharge some of their bauds, bnt it will be of short duration. Capitalists are sometimes benefitted by panics; and tliis is one reason why they are so easily gotten up. In good times they will sell real property for money and mortgages. In hard times, the mortgages will bring back the property, while the money will remain in their hands. In this way, the rich grow richer and the poor poorer a result Whiggery is ever ready to rejoice over. We repeat that there is no necessity for a panic. The natural caues of panic do not exist. And if it comes, it will come as a Whig engine, to frighten honest men out of their senses, not so much in the matter of business as in the matter of politics; in short, to drive them from the support of Democracy to the support of Federalism to dupe them with its nonsense, and crush them with its chains. The Trovidence Journal, a strong Tariff paper, denounces the project of a duty on tea and coffee. If we were high protectionists, we should probably do so too ; since it is obivious that whatever revenue is raised upon articles not competing with domestic manufactures, leaves so much less to be assessed upon those which do compete. But consumers, who prefer to pay the duty only once over, instead of paying it once to the government, and once, twice, or thrice to the manufacturers, will, or ought to, view the matter differently. Journal of. Commerce. liow happens it that we have so many groans W 9 a. . '' about lowering the price of manufactured fabrics 1 The farmer only gets from $3,25 to $4 per barrel for his flour, and the jianic papers say nothing about it. Their hearty sympathies flow out when the capitalist loses his per cent., but their mouths are as tight as an oyster's when corn and flour sell for next to nothing. Ijou. Dem. Tua Tea Trade. During the last half of the year 1345, the tea exported from China to the United States was 8,922.834 pounds, of which 7,250,982 pounds were green tea. The quantity exported to Great Britain in the same time was 37,853,740 pounds, of which 5.513,907 pounds only were green tea. So says the Merchants' Magazine. . Death or Rev. Db. Wilsum. The Cincinnati papers anounce the death of the Rev. Dr. Joshua L. Wilson, the venerable Pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of that city, in the 70th year of his age. Dr. W. had been a resident minister in that city for fifty years. The tiara or triple crown now used by the Popes was presented by Napoleon to Pius VII. It is cf white velvet. The three crowns are marked by sapphires, emeralds, rubies, pearls, and diamonds. Upon the top is a large emerald, surmounted with a diamond cross. Its value is 423,000 francs.

UetCIies 111 I lie vaiup.

BT an ex-hei-orte er the täte cextinel. No. 3. Qn the 12th of July I took the liberty to go out of tjie encampment and view the scenery around. I had i,earj much of Jackson's Battle Ground, and it wa a preat treat to me to tread upon the vast plain where ,,1,, of glory had been achieved by the brave where Jtjie flafr 0f Liberty and Republicanism was reared, . .n a -nces defended bv an army as patriotic as they were brave. Af;er passing an hour or more upon the battle-field, and seeing a few musket balls picked ud bv my companions, I passed by tl.j burying-gromid, and to my great surprise, I observed that some intruder had dug into a grave, and water Irom tue niarsn covered the coffin. 44 Oh !" said one of my companions, "where is the man that will disturb the ashes of the valorous soldier !" Wc passed in silence, and then turccd away from it with feelings that cannot be described. The entrenchment was partly filled up, and thrifty weeds bordered upon its margin. We soon passed off the battle-field to look at several plantations. The buildings were very fine, and the negro huts comfortable, the grounds abounded with orange and fig trees. The orange trees did not appear to thrive very well, as more than half of the branches appeared to be cither dead or in a state of decay, but the fig trees looked remarkably well, and were heavily burdened with fruit. The shrubbery and flowers were beautiful and arrayed with some taste, but unfortunately the weeds were so much overgrown that the Coral 6cenory showed but dim. I know not whether to attribute this to the want of skill in the negroes in killing weeds, or the supposition of some that the white people are too lazy to make their slaves work. I am certain, however, that if you could see some of the gardens near the battle-ground you would conclude that they had been deserfeL-md left to the prey of tie bats and the rools. 1 returned" by the way of tie Railroad track just after the car had passed along. There was a small piece of timber on this route the trees were very small the land low, iuarihy, abounding with stagnant ponds, and inhabited by alligator, snakes, flies and some vegomous insects. But magnolia trees in full börITVould Etrike the attention of the observer, showing as they did, that even the med holes and swamps were not without splendid scenery. The Mississippi Volunteers arrived to-day. They were in fine spirits, and were glad to meet their lloosier friends in the encampment. They are a jolly set of boys and will always be on hand when there is anv fighting to be done. On the 13th, our company (Fountain Riflemen) elected Finley L. Maddox First Lieutenant. Lieut. R. W. Lyon, resigned his commis-.ion at Vicksburg, fur the purpose of going home. He said he was satisfied that he cuuld not stand the trip. We all regretted this circumstance. We had betn boasting that not one that had volunteered in our company had gone back ; but now, all such boasting had to cease. 1 think Lieut. Maddox will "stand the trip,n and stand at the mouth of the cannon too, if necessary. As he is a believer in scriptural matters, he will doubtless think of the Troverb, "Remember Löfs vife." A boat containing troops from the 3d Regiment, arrived on the 14th. Two soldiers were lost on this boat. One died of the measles the other fell overboard. On the 15th three more boats arrived one containing Tennessee troops another troops from the 3d Regiment of Ohic another from the 2d Regiment of Ohio another from the second Regiment of Indiana. The first Regiment from Indiana shipped to-day for the seat of war. The Putnam Blues, Fountain Riflemen, Wabash Invincibles, Mad Anthony Guards, and Wayne Guards, went on board the Flavia. The Marion Volunteers, Cass Volunteers, and Hendricks County Volunteers, went on board the Sophia Walker. The Montgomery Volunteers and Wabash Rangers remained behind and got on a barque. While we were getting aboard the Flavia, Henry Elliott, of tho Fountain Riflemen, fell through the hatchway and was so badly injured that he died the next day. He was an upright citizen, and a temperate man the passage at the foot of the stairs being dark was the cause of this misstep. We had a lucky trip on the Flavia considering the great disadvantages we labored under. Our fare, was too rough for Hoosier boys who had always been well fed. We had a kind of stuff called smoked meat it was sides of hog, half liquid and half solid. Whenever a piece was picked up you could see something ooze out that resembled lard oil. I never learned icAo purchased it, but it was taken on the boat at New Albany. I destroyed about the sixth of a ration a day, while we were crossing the Gulf. The pilot bread was of an inferior kind. We had su;rar and coffee. J . . . 1 J . Uur accommodatioi tions for sleeping were still worse. The place below was so much crowded with freight that but little room was left to lie down, and those that were so fortunate as to find a place to lay their heads, were nearly suffocated. The best chance to sleep was upon the upper deck, as it was much more comfortable to be stepped on a few times than to be nearly suffocated all night. One night I had some difficulty in finding a lodging place, but accidentally observed a vacant spot ou the anchor chain, and took possession of it as quick as a toad would catch a fly. Four hours sleeping of this kind was enough for me. I would have been glad to have exchanged my bed for a Yankee stone wall and given a little boot. However, the good people of Indiana will be happy to Jearn that their officers were well fed they slept in the cabin, and lived on raisin pudding, chicken fixins, beef, pork, Irish potatoes and other luxuries. As half a loaf of bread is' better than none, it must follow as an inevitable consequence that it was better to feed a portion of the volunteers (the officers) well, than none, and we have reason to rejoice that some of the volunteers received good treatment and 44 fared sumptuously every day." - The Flavia cast anchor off Brazos Santiago, Texas, on the 21st, and we were taken ashoTe on a steamboat the next day. The Sophia Walker came in on the 20th and the troops got ashore the day after. Col. Drake came on the Sophia Walker, but he used the utmost exertions to get us off the Flavia. As the sh'p was much higher than the steamboat, we had to go down upon the outside of the ship and jump on the steamboat. As it was considered hazardous by some, Col. Drake etood at the side of the steamboat and took every man by the hand, and helped him from the ship to the boat. Lieut. Col. Nave performed the Herculean task of helping his ow n saddle off the ship. We were all glad to get upon land. A number of us had been sea-sick and could not eat the kind of provisions we had on the ship. The Captain of the ship was a great aristocrat, but the mates and sailors were wholesouled fellows, and gave the soldiers all the liberties in getting places to sleep that they dare. One of the 6iilors made a place for me to sleep in his cabin when I was sick. Some others gave some of their allowance of provisions at times when I most needed something fit to eat. We soon pitched our tents when we got ashore, and felt like new creatures. After fixing the sick as comfortably as we could, we commenced drawing our rations for four days. We drew pickled pork, beef, coffee, beans. &.c."&c. We cook ed, ate and began to feel as though a new era was about to dawn upon us. On the 23th Henry Updike of lli JFountain Riflemen, died of the measles. He was, ftl taken on the ship and suffered them to strike inT" There are but few sick at this time, and they ari all on the mend. From what I can learn there are not as many sick in our Regiment at this time as there were when we left New Albany. Brazos Santiago, (our place of encampment,) is a sandy island, about five miles from Toint Isabel. About four thousand volunteers, besides some regulars, are encamped here. A constant breeze from the Gulf renders it coolstl healthy. Gen. Taylor and the main body of his army arc rtationed at Matamoras. We expect to move up near there in the course of a week. The six month volunteers that came under the requisition of the Governor of Texas, and also those under the requisition of Gen. Gaines, are now on their way home, and will be discharged at the end of three months, which will be in a few days. They told me yesterday that Gen. Taylor was of the opinion that liiere would, oe no engagement with the enemy during the remaining three months of their service, and that it was an unnecessary expense to keep them when there was hardly a probability of needing them. It appears to be the prevailing opin ion that there wiil be no fighting with the Mexicans for nearly three mouths. Two companies of 1st Regiment from Indiana, (the Wabash Rangers and Montgomery Volunteers,) are not yet on the ground. They were drifted upon a sand-bank about 12 miles from here, near the island of De Padre. Tart of the 2d and 3d Regiments from Indiana are at anchor and coming ashore as fast as possible. All the Hoosier boys will be here in a few day, and all that I have seen appear to stand the trip -and hardships much better than I could possibly expect.