Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 5, Number 20, Indianapolis, Marion County, 6 November 1845 — Page 1

INDIANA STATE SENTINEL:

THE OFFICIAL UAZETTE OF THE STATE gfOffice. on Illinois Street, Sörth of 'Washington. G. A. & J. T. CHAPMAN, Editors. (7"The State Sentinel will contain a much larger amount of reading matter, on all subjects of general interest, than any other newspaper in Indiana. THE SEJII-'.VEl'KL.Y EDITION Is published every Wednesday and Saturday, and during the session of the Legislature, three times a week, on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, at Four Dollars a year, payable always in advance. THE VTEEEILY EXUTION puuiisneu every AaurMjay, ai a wo uoaars a year, aIway3tobepaidinadvar.ce. 81 in advance will pay for six months. iö will pay for three copies one year. Persons remitting ftlO in advance, free of post- : aje, shall have three conies of the Semi-Weekly one . r . vi- !-i 'Pi i- - ... ti.ii-.-year. $2 will pay far six months. Si will always be charged for the Tri-Weekly, and 50 cents for the . -1 1 Weekly, during the Legislative sessions. ADVERTISEMENTS, will be inserted three times at one dollar a square of 8 lines, and be continued at the rate of 25 cents a square for each additional insertion. Quarterly advertisements, per square, $. All advertisements from abroad must be accompanied by the cash ; or no attention will be paid to them. (fc-Postage must be paid. V. S. Senator and Supreme Judges. The Editor of the Lawrenceburh Beacon has repeatedly charged Gov. Whitcomb with the design, last winter, of bartering ofT the appointments cf Supreme Judges to procure for himself Whig votes for the U. S. Senate. And he has insisted that such will be his course next winter. In his paper of Feb. iJOth last, he asks, "if Gov. Whitcomb really wished to put Democrats on the Supreme Bench, why did he not appoint them when he had the sole power so to do !' Very well : we answered that question in the Sentinel of the 27th March, ty stating that as soon as the Senate adjourned without confirming the Governor's Democratic nominations, it became his duty to appoint Judges pro tern, to serve until next session, when it would again be the duty of the Executive and Senate to try to fill the Bench permanently and that one of the two conclusive reasons why the Governor continued the present Judges until that time, was that no Democrat was found, of those who had been spoken of for the station, who was trilling to receive a mere pro tern, appointment, the only one that could then be made by the Governor. Judges Wick and Morrison only were on the ground, and they refused, and there was not time to hear from those who lived at a distance. We don't believe that any competent lawyer in the State, of either party, would have consented to break up his business for a mere temporary appointment for one year, with no possible assurance that it would be continued. The old Judges only could afford to do it, as they were already engaged in the business, and indeed it was better for the public interest that they should do so, as they then had many cases before them, mors or less prepared for decision, and which new Judges would have had to do all over aain. We also stated that in the mean time one third of the Senators would be re-elected last August, and the people would then again have an opportunity of acting in the matter. One reason then was that before you can appoint a Democratic Judge you must find one willing to be appointed, for as the old proverb runs, you may lead a horse to the water but you cau't make him drink after he gets there. Now we think this reason will be considered as

sulhcient by every man who has sense enough to getj lroJuccJ lhc 6ul);cct of h;g Lcin a can(:uate t0 any along without having a guide board fastened to his; membcrof the Legislature, nor to any editor or pubhead to show h.m tho way. Mi'jor Dunn, however, Uher of R ncwspnpe,t whatever, and each member or seems not to be satisfied with it, for he has continued j ig ftt Jlberty to bcar testiraony to lhe contrary.

askin? the same question ever since. It is true when we first published the answer he took notice of it, and then made no objection to its sitßciency indeed how could he ? But he has since continually repeat- , ed the question "why didn't the Governor appoint Democratic Judges 1" This proves that his object is not information but a quarrel. To the Editors of the Indiana Sentinel : I am charged in your paper of the lGlh inst., with having last winter urged Uov. Whitcomb to appoint Amos Lane Supreme Judge, which is true, by calling on him once for that purpose, and once only, as did several other Senators. I am also charged with having formally assumed a "thkeatening attitude," and plainly told the Governor that if Mr. Lane was not appointed, the Senatorial election should be brought on by the union of my vote with that of the whigs for that purpose, winch latter charge is every woru au soiuieiy laise ; ana as no conversion . uic k,u i i -i r 4i i.:.i ever uiu uauiic ucmrcu uutcm"i uin..... auu myself, I prouounce the author an infamous liar. GEO. P. BÜELL. Lawrenceburgh, Oct. 23, 1343. (-We clip the forcoln j from the Lawrenceburgh

Eeacon of Oct. 23. As to the imputation of threaten- ' manner in which the subject is treated. The writer m, 11 set Uilure at dehancc. Uy constitution- , , , , ' , , . -i . .i r i . r .i ., al talent I mean, in general, the warmth and vijror ,ng the Governor personally, we stated it on rumor , looks to the principles at the foundation of the gov- j cn fcy and we corrected it at the voluntary instance of the , ernment, logically deduces its laws of growth and ( j!jfflI'M by mcrc p;,y9icai organization. A wealGovernor, before the above was written by Judge ; progression, weighs possible Mexican Annexation in ; mind iu a sound body "is better, or at least more pro-

Buell. We insert it for the sake of a brief comment, i tiie scale of the Republic, and finds them utterly unnt Judge Euell denies having assumed "a threatening for Union. As the laws of the country must be uniattitude," or having told the Govemor that "if Mr. ; form, either the nation must 6toop to them, or they Lane was not nominated the Senatorial election j must rise to the dignity of the nation. The former should be brought on by the union of his tote with would be to turn the wheels of the world backward,

that of the Whigs for that purpose." He denies it in terms so indignant, as to imply that he himself regards the conduct imputed to him, as extremely reprehensible, if true. Now will he deny that the charge is substantially true with the solitary exception that the language waa not used directly to the Governor ! Will he deny that be told otlters substantially that if his father-in-law was not nominated, he (Euell) would take such a course as would bring on the Senatorial elec- , tion 1 Will he deny that he tried to bargain for an adtanlage in consideration that his vote should be given to put ofT the Senatorial election 1 All this was common talk at that time. And there is no difference, so far as the principle or the intended effect is concerned, whether such expressions were nude to the Governor himself, or to others with the intention that they should reach him. Every democrat in the Legislature last winter well recollects how this matter was ; and any one possessed of proper feeling, must see that if language of that kind was nsed publicly and frequently, it would be impossible for the Governor to nominate Mr. Lane. Again : will Judge Buell deny that he was the only democrat who did vote with the Whigs in the Senate last winter to bring on the election of Stale Librarian, bv which a whig was elected to that office instead of the worthy democrat who had before been appointed by Got. Whitcomb 1 Temiesscp. There is trouble, or, in plainer, words, rascality, in the Tennessee legislature, in relation to the election of U. S. Senator. There had been many ballotings, but no choice, up to the 23d. The prominent candidates were Messrs. Nicholson and Turney. The former, supported by the Democratic party ; the latter by the Whigs and six Democrats. It is charged that Turney has pledged himself to the Whigs to support the tariff, and vote for distributing the sales of the public ladd ; t!iaa basely and treacherously abandon ing hi principles, and offering to misrepresent the State for the sake of obtaining oihce. fj7-It is stated that Gen. Romulus M. Saunders of North Carolina, has km appointed Minister to bpam, ami that he will leave this country early in the T Sinn

lie j

Published every Thursday. Inordinate Ambition. Ever since the Democratic victory in this State of wsq rnnfirmp.1 liv piistim lmr voff fur Tatnra - o ' R yovemhcr UlC whigs have despaired of . , , , . . , aSam carrying the State, unless they alter their plan of operations. They have no stomach fur an open contest in a fair field. They had used so much falsehood, that their chanres fell dead without notice. We - r saw at once they would turn over a new leaf. And that turns out to be, to fight us under cover of a pro cessed democrat. Such a man, they have found in the ! editor of the Beacon. He has been warring on prominent democrats ever since the close of last session. If you wish to know whom the Beacon likes or dislikes the most, we can furnish you with a never failing rule, viz. precisely those men whom the whigs like and di-dike the most. Look around the State and you see it verified. Amonr other charges he accuses James Whitcomb of an inordinate ambition for office. Is this true ! The second civil office ever held by Mr. Whitcomb, that of Commissioner of the General Lan J Office, wis conferred upon him by Gen. Jackson in tho fall of 13;5G, without application on his part, and in fact without his knowledge. And he has held no other office since, except the one he now holds. And Immediately after lie was nominated for Governor by the Democratic convention, in January 1813, a card was published in our paper, by the democratic members of the Legislature, stating that he was desirous not to receive the nomination. After his nomination, however, he felt it his duty to accept and canvass the State. lie did so, under the mot discouraging circumstances, and victory crowned our efforts. In these two cases then, being the only civil offices he ever held, except that of State Senator many years ago, he did not seek the otlices they sought him. Immediately after the last session, the whig press accused him of going on to Washington for office. Tiie Beacon editor chimed in with the same statement. It all turned out to be untrue. No application will be found in any of the departments of Washington city in hi behalf for an office. The Eeacon next shifted its ground and now accuses him not only with a desire to be elected to the U. S. Senate, but it has charged him with writing two articles i'lom the "Upper Wabash" inserted iii this paper in favor of his election. A communication was also published in the Beacon of September 4th, which, in speaking of the Political Mysteries published in this paper, and of what he calls attacks on the Hon. Amos Lane, states that "it is understood and generally believed that their author resides in a famous white House at all events. His Excellency stands god-father to them all." Now we have just to say, that Gov. Whitcomb never wrote or counselled or advised the writing cf the articles referred to, nor of either or any part of them. We also say that he has never written for this paper any article relating to the next Senatorial candidate. We further say, that he has never even told us that he was a candidate for that station. And lastly, we are authorized to say that he has never inAnd now we think it is as little as the Beacon, and those whom it works for behind the screen, can do, to let Gov. Whitcomb alone. He has at least been instrumcntal in düin t!je cause of Democracy some service. We have never heard of his speaking except in terms of kindness of any and every prominent democrat in the State, and he always appears glad of an opportunity of doing eo. Why cannot he be treated with common fairness in return I Democratic Kcvicw. The October number of this excellent publication (now published by O'Sullivan and Gardiner, New York,) arrived some days since. The number opens with an article on Territorial Aggrandizement, which, as the N. Y. News observes, will probably startle English readers by its prophecies f anuexati in which the worda New Mexico, Chihuahua, California and Yucatan are ominously thrown out. Eut if any antagonistic reader expects a rabid and insane Annexation article, he will be disappoint ed before he reaches the close by the calm, impartial to surrender political privileges, which Americans! never would relinquish to a strong central government. Hence the writer, driven to the latter alternative, still with an eye to the future annexation, suggests the ameliorating and remedial effects of commercial intercourse. "A monthly line of merchant vessels from New York to Mexico would do more than a wilderness of Solons to .shape and direct the public sentiment of the Mexican people." This is certainly a better mode of proceeding than that suggested by a distinguished Southern writer, not without his precedents in history, of subduing the nation to virtue and refinement by the discipline of slavery. The other articles in the number are a review of Arnold's Lectures, a tale by Mrs. Eilet, an article on Wives and Slaves, "running a parallel between the respective legal condition of Northern Wives and Southern slaves," an argumentum ad faminam addressed to female abolitionists ; a correspondence between A. II. Everett and Trof. G. Tucker, on the subject of the Malthusian Theory ; another Song of Labor, the Fisherman, by Whittier ; Spanish Ballads, by Maturin, &c. &C. fj7-Dunn of the Eeacon, has for some weeks seemed to be very anxious to provoke a feeling of jealousy a"ainst us, in the minds of certain of our Democratic cotemporaries, by taunting thcra with servility to us, or a want of manly independence and self-reliance in themselves. They would certainly provo themselves as weak in fact as he now charges thern to be, if they could be influenced by th9 degrading appeals of Dunn. We assume nothing for ourselves as editors that we are not perfectly willing to grant to others. We do not suppose we possess, nor do we desire to obtain, undue influence over any of our cotemporaries. We are governed by our own notions of right and wrong, and we presum.; the Sim's, is the case with them. Dunn shows hi3 own- weakness by such appeals, the folly of which mint ha apparent to every sensible person ; for what could be thought of any Democratic editor who should disagree and quarrel with us, though he believed we were in the right, merely to show his independence ? The world would see that he wa? the victim of hu own vanity, which, as Mr. J.,T. Dunn can or will hereafter be abb to testify, is one of tho can or wind er I greatest of misfortunes.

INDIANAPOLIS, NOVEMBER G, 1845.

Indian Summer. r The weather in this vicinity for the past week or two has been exceedingly delightful. Our Eastern friends who, we perceive ly the newspapers, are complaining about the nippings of Jack Frost, can have no adequate conception cf the gorgeous richness of the Indian Summer in the West. The Yankee Indian Summer, for instance, is well enough described in the following lines in the Boston Courier, from the pen of Thomas Buchanan Read : , The hill, the stream, the meadeir fair In languid beauty lie, A filvcr mi-t is oVr tliem all And rrache to the sky. Whose dreaming Hue cmcs oftly through Like Mary ' melting e-e. From a!es to where the foreit nodi Denrath th mounUin peak. Wave Autunn' huts, tri.it gilJ the air With many i ?unnet streak ; An.l fa belovr (be maple glow . As red Maty check. A wreath of &!ory crowns the Earth Amid the hazjr calm, A soft wind shed around my form Its lulling fi eight of balm j The teiiFe it soothe, my biow it smooths, Like Mary tender palm. .. . The hill, the mea'luw, and the sky, The sky rt fleeting stieam. All, in a silvery halo clothed. With slumbrous Mlence term j And I would sleep ami ever keep My Mary in my dream. This is rather too soft for even the Indian Summer of the Middle States, which is better described by the following lines cf Archibald Marks : It comes it comes, with golden heaf. In the time of lhe ceie and yellow leaf ; And ii flings the fruit fium the tended tree, And scaticis it round in its reckless glee j It plays on the brow of the maiden fair, Aiid pait4, with its fineis, her laven hair. It comesit comes and its minstrei'a wing O'er the glassy lake i quiveung. With muic soft a the mellow strain Of zephyrs o'er the swelling main ; It glad !ens the vales as it fljats atnf, . And Etream and rnotii.tain re-echo the song. It come it come, like a fairy rprite, Arrayed in robe of gossamer wbitc : And the caipet of leaves on the ground is spread. And the fljwers yield 'neath its conqueiing tread; ('or it stride aln in its kingly way, , Like shadows that flit at the ciose of day. It comes it comes and the ripened grain I wreathing ciowns for its golden rein ; And the blight eje sparkles with liquid light, Like the star enthroned on the biow of i.iht ; And the teeming field their oITeiirg bring At the sainted shiiue of the Autumu King. But, on this siitj the Alleghanies, the Revivification of the Indian Summer i as much degraded by association with Autumnal imagery, as by Mary's meltir g eye, red cheek, or lender palm, however they may be improved by the witchery of dreams. JIuch more appropriate are the following lines from "Nature," a poem by N, B. Street. The Indian Summer can justly be compared to nothing but itself: Summer, unrob'd of all the glowing charms '- K That graced her piime, but wild and wanton like. For a brief while returns to greet lhoe scenes O'er which she reign'd in queenly loveliness. A puipl baze i trembling in the air, Soft'Ding all near in veils of glimmering gauze, And steeping far i ff masses in thick mist, Blending their ou'lines with the shaded sky. So tili the atmosphere, the thistle's star , . Drop motionless on the moss. Such quiet reigns, The low faiat crackling of the dry, fall'n leaves Siiried by the rq'iinel's bounding foot is heard, The beech-nut falling fiom its opened burr Gives a sharp rtile, and the locust's song -Riing and swelling shi ill, then pausing shoit. King like a tiumpet. Distant woods and hills Are full of echoes, and evh sound that strikes Upon the hollow air, lets Uoc her tongues. The iipp!es creeping through the matted gias Drip on the ear, and drum of the far parti idgo Holls like l uv thunder. The list butteifly Like a wing'd violet floating in the meek Pink colored sunshine, sinks his velvet fret Within the pillir'd mullcn's delicate down And shuts and opens his unruilled fans. Lazily wings the crow with solemn cioak From tree-top on to tree-top. Ti the Sabbath rest. Of nature, ere she yields to Winter's povrcr. Constitutional Talent. The following extract from Hazlitt's paper on the Qualifications Necessary to Success in Life, contains much truth : There is nothing that floats a man sooner into the tide of reputation, or oftcner passes current for genius, than what might be called constitutional talent. A man without this, whatever may be bis worth or real powers, will no more get on in the world than a leaden Mercury will fly into the air; as any pretender with it, and with no one quality beside to recom- ! mend him, will be pure either to, blunder upon pucfitable, than a sound mind in a weak and crazy con formation. Hdw many instances might I quote ! Let a man have a quick circulation, a good digestion, tiie bulk, and thews, and sinews of a man, and the alacrity, the unthinking confidence inspired by these; and Without an atom, a shadow of the imns divinior, he shall strut and swagger, and vapor and jostle his way through life, and have the upper hand of those who are his tetters in every thing but health and strength. Hi jests shall be echoed with loud laughter, because his own lungs begin to crow like chanticleer, before he has uttered them ; while a little hectic nervous humorist Khali shall gtammer out an admirable conceit that is damned in the doubtful delivery rox faucibus horsit. The first shall tell a story as long as his arm, without interruption, while the latter stops short in his attempts from mere weakness of chest : the one shall be empty and noisy nnd successful in argument, putting forth the most common place things "with a confident brow and a throng of words, that come with more than impudent sauciness from him," while the latter shrinks from an observation "too deep for his hearers," into the delicacy and unnoticed retirement .f his own miud. The one shall never feel the want of intellectual resources, because he can back his opinions with his person ; the other shall lose the advantages of mental superiority, seek to anticipate contempt by giving offence, court mortification in dcnair of popularity, and even in tho midst of public and private admiration, extorted slowly by incontrovertible proofs of genius, shall never get rid of the awkward, uneasy sense of personal weakness and insignificance- contracted by early and lonz continued habit. What imports the invVafd to fhe outward man, when it is the last that is the general and inevitable butt of ridicule or object of admiration ! It has been said that a good face i3 a letter of recommendation. But the finest face will not carry a man far, unless it is set upon an active body, and a ßtotit pair of ehoulders. The countenance is the index of a man's talents and attainments: his figure is the criterion of his. progress through life. We may have seen faces that spoke "a soul as fair "Bright as the children of yon azure sheen" yet that met with but an indifferent reception in. the world and that being supported' by a couple of spindle-shanks and a weak stomach, in fulfilling what was expected of them, "Fell flit, and shamed Iheir worshippers." Oj-The wife of a laboring man, who had gone tp Philadelphia to seek work, gave birth to a child on the side walk of the street on Monday afternoon. N. Y. (Hole. - Query:' Did the-man go to Philadelphia to seek work, or did the woman? Did she give birth to the child in Philadelphia, or in New York 1 One hundred and twenty thousand bushels of wheat recently arrived at Buffalo, within the space of fjrtycight hours.

11111:1? Politicians.' The following article from the Cleveland Plain Dealer, tells a good deal t f truth ; and we believe that Editors ?voiJd ultimately find it 1o their advantage to correct the evil. "We have no patience with ä certain portion cf the Democratic pres in this State', which spend half their leading articles in the most fu'some eulojry on "men," leaving measures and principles to shift for themselves. Although conceived in the best of motives, the policy is all wrong. t . . .. "In the first place, it is wh)lly uncalled for. No nari, however faithful to his party or true tohis country, has ever done more than his duty and a generous public will give him dm croJit.for this. We deny any man's power, much more his right, to place the newspaper press, the organ of public opinion, under such obligations to him as to single him out, "one from a thousand," for especial couvnendation ; and those who serve their country with the purest emotions of patriotism, are the last to ask it. They ara those, generally, who dare not trust their meri:s with the people, that figure so largely in the papers, and such men's tame, like the light of a candle, can bo blown out with a single breath. How many are there now holding places of high honor and trut in the afi.iirs or our povernmem who owe tne.r situation entlrely to a newspaper consequence ; and men, too, Jcast deserving among tue people. A man to be elected township constable, must, as a necessary qualification, have had his "name in print." "Tins newspaper adoration of "men" has become a great national eviL The question, "who is James K. Folk V is but another T rm of asking, why has not the American press spent oceans of ink and reams of paper in doing honor to his name? The calling of Cincinnatus from his plough, to take charge of the destinies of Rome, must now be looked upon as quite a fable. "One of the great mischiefs,- resulting from this puffin policy, is that men elected by newspaper grace, instead of acting as servants of the people, become ' their rficflori and mrfcr . They are men who from the beginning aspire beyond their claims, and nen placed in power will act beyond their de bated rights.; The-r political sympathies are. for self, and . mey win act m accordance w,th their personal interests, regardless of the people "Another danger is this : It is said that "men change, but principles never," and in attaching so much consequence to "men," we subject our principles, however good, to all the frailties, and cften lose a good measure, by identifying it with bad men. ''Again do we object to this degrading man-service, on the ground that it is anti-republican. "All men are created free and equal " says JetTerson. What right, then, have we to say that the "Hon. J. is so much belter than iii3 -neighbor ! "If God has endowed hiai with superior gifts, does not the profession -or them give him advantage nnAti .tIi m his rvi rt n r rl ,Ka st-tthMit ma limv n t ,m , , ''f."", .wiuui iai,.s iu ui arti.icial aid, to make tl,0 breach which nature Las -' ",ut: " Wl" --- ry tub stand on its own bottom." There is enough in E'iglhJi Hallways. Ixcn;ASED Value of Railways. The improve ment in the incomes of existing railways still continues, and during the last two months amount to upwards of -200,000 on comparison with the corresponding two months cf lif I I. The lines which have reduced their fares most liberally are the greatest gainers. At this rate of increase of income, the value of the railway property of tho country is becoming greater by upwards of J.OOO.OUO sterling per month. The New Railwavs. The railway -mania increases. It is now a national epidemic, and threatens to engulph every other species of business. The legitimate operations of trade must suiTer severely from the enormous gambling. Day after day, as regular as the sun dawns, the most absurd scheme are propounded with an fcay impudence that in cooler moments, would cause the projectc'fs to- be regarded as candidates for a lunatic asylum. All these newly broached schemes require sums of money to carry them out, which would speedily make a bankrupt f Crce-us. Haifa dozen millions stcrl ng thirty millions of dollars appear to be a mere bagatelle in the eye of each batch of provisional directors, whoappearv I ke Binquo's progeny, to extend to the "crack of doom." The extraordinary extension of railway speculation has brought to view a technical difficulty which for the present bafiies conjecture as to how it is to be surmounted. Already the amount of capital proposed to be involved in the schemes to be submitted to Parliament the next session is so great, that the deposits required tobe made upon them with the AccountantGeneral are moderately estimated at a total of 30,000,000. Mexico. The Mexican President Herrcra, in his Message to the Congress, gives a gloomy picture of the internal condition of the Republic; nor is the prospect of the tuture less gloomy, lie deplores the utter inelncicncy of the revenues of the Governmen'; aiut demands the prompt and energetic co-operation of the legislative boy to remedy the evil. .All the powers of administration are paralyzed for want of means. " The arm cannot move," says the President, territory usurped will remain usurped; and the hope of recovering it bein once lost, the usurpationwill.be successively and gradually continued until it embraces the whole Republic, and (I shudder to confess it) Mexico, with s many elements of abundance and of greatness, will disappear from the number of independent nations.', The demerits of dissolution are in Mexico herself fixed in her own bosom. Possessed of the finest region of country in the world, her people are impoverished amidst the richest gifts of nature, and her relapse into barbarism seems to be rapid in proportion to the means id her hands of the highest attainments of civilization. It is said that the church of Mexico is willing to advance $15,000,000 for the purpose of prosecuting the war, if thereby .they .could prevent the inroads cf heretics into the country. v It is said that the Mcxiran government recently obtained a loan of .S'200,000 of the foreign merchants ia anticipation of accruing duties, and that the money was at once despatched to the armies of Generals Faredes and Arista. Cctrlf our answer to the Beacon's question Vby democratic Judges were not appointed is not yet satisfactory, we will refer him, (as he seems extreme ly anxious to understand this matter,) to one much nearer home, to the Senator from Dearborn county,' his own brother-in-law. Ask him if the Governor did not in every instar.ee nominate Democrats for the Bench, nnd .then ask him why he did not rote for them 1 It will not do to say that after voting against tho whole six who were rejected, including Judgrs Wick and Morrison, he at the very tail end of the business, voted for thesa two last named persons, tfAcn he found they could not be confirmed. When that question is answered, we. harc' a few more to, ask - " . The Wesleyans have, so multiplied-in Canada, within a few years, that they now. amount, to half amiliion, more than ihOCX) of .whom are- church.members. ; They hire crcctcl upwards of 150 chapel In -the province, and sustain about an equal -number of preachers. - - - Hon. Washington Poe, Whig member of Congress elect from the 3d (Macon) d strict of Georgia, has resigned bis seat on account of imperative personal engagements.

u,c ua.v oilu iKii....mu, u ,t ls Uiat tj,e trade 8Ul tilC CiVil and criminal , " ' ' ' " well as the really virtuous and wise, without the aid ! ;viriSction in Oregon are held bv L'riti-h eubiects I , . rc" ,ge "eTen' ,he Prfeu,ni'lK) vf f." of a servile press making invidious comparisons and J" American citizens are Jcirived bv J firTf "S!ute' " " 8 MPoniWe 5 ,,ul lhacreating favored distinctions ; and as a political jour- e r Comme cia 20 be 'T "".J f TT' VV ' ' mYK we never observe the cause of Democracv so commercial rights u.at. tney are nable i to be 0en to en.lence. but the leaning of the Uw was enst nan i, e never .uDerve nie cause oi jjemovracj eo arrested on their own territory by Otlicers of British its rwonns.biiity. The iurv. after beinn in cnneultation well, and our own true dignity better, than when we CuuvU tried in tho Amrrimn W P ri ti h , , i , "n"' ,JU"; ueing in cnnejiiation rt; ,m.iint . uiL ' , vouri., iricu in t.ie American oo.nain by L.ritifcn all i.ht, came in Court, an.l the f reman stated that there practice what we preach "Measures, not men." jud;JCSt imprisoned or l.un?, for acts done within the w.. n. prol-ability of tl.e being ,0e to ag-ec. The jury 't jurisdiction of our own llepuolic. Utood eleven f t acfjuitiing, to one for convicting.

ß ft if ü

Volume Ys::::::::Xi:mber 20. lI:ittS9t's Cay Coiiip:uij-. A hundred , and forty years ago, or more, Charles II. chartered Üi3 "Hudson's Day Company," and gave t exclusive privileges of establishing trading factories on Hudson's Cay,aoJ it3 tributary rivers. It teok possession of the territory, and enjoyed its trade, without opposition, till lTsi, when a rival company, the "North American Fur Company of Canada' sprang up. This latter was composed entirely of Canadians, and was noted for its energy and enterprise. The jealousies naturally arising between rivals, led to thet most barbarous battles, and the sacking and burning of each other's posts. Iu 1321, Parliament interfered and consolidated than into on?, under the title of the "Hudson's Bay Company." They occupy a vast country, and their operations are those of a vast monopoly. All the British possessions north of the Canadxs to the Arctic Chean, are their hunting aiid trapping grounds. They have leased for twenty years from ISl'J, all of Russian America, except the post of Sitka. Tim? this powerful company control more than one ninth of the soil of the globe. Its capitalists are in England, and its board of managers transact their business at the 4,II'j(!j id's Bay House," in London. This boarJ buy, ail tho goods, and ship them to the territory, sell the furs, and transact all l the a (Fairs of tiie Company, except the actual Lusinesi of ColIcctiii fiirs in -their territory, ai vaiue Gf theirVhrir is ahnt . mi!ih Tiie annupeltrics i about a million of dollars. The net profit cf the für trcde is immense. The shares of the Company's slock, which originally cost one hundred pounds, are at one hundred per cent, premium, and the dividends r.injre from tea per cent. i upward, and thi?, too, while they arc creating irn- ( mcne fund, to hs expended in keeping other persons out of the trade. I In the American TaciHc Fur Company, of i whom John Jacob Astor Was the prime mover, built : Fort Astoria, near the mouth of the Columbia. In 1 1613, during the last war, this American Company sohl 11 t,';j .trifint i n Corner, it Pifit Company now the Hudson's BCumnany. In the same ycart a ErllUh sl of wacnterd Colum. bilf am furmay took p03,cssion cf Fort Asloria and changed its name to Fort Geor-e. In bv the treaty of Ghent, England surrendered this Fort t0 our 0VCTBmcnU Then it was bv the same treaty. , thal Bfjlish PuMects were erinXcA ue 8ame f : trade and settlement in Oregon as belonged to the cit - . - n izens of this Republic, for ten years. In 197, this stipulation was indefinitely extended, and cannot cease to be in fjree till after twelve mont!i3 notice. This is the manner in which the Hudson's Bay Company camo into Oregon. The value of furs which , are annually collected in Oregon by this Company, is I about l iO,(X0 in the London markt L Parliament extended the jurisdiction of the Canadian courts ever the country occupied bv these fur traders, whether it! were owned or claimed by Great Eritain." Under Ihn nrt fortain rrr:! lofnti it the Fur Piininiin ti-s,-, appointed Justices, and empowered to entertain pros11 . 1 , ecutious tor tn:nor oHotices arrest nnd send to Canada crin.;na;a t,f a hihcT t,rd..r end try, to render i judgment, and grant execution in civil ; i,,,,;; ,h,ht, ro f .r-o ; :u uuo, ana to on ut.wt iu viivii a i u il u j (ii Vhat is a-Rctente Tariff ! This question, we believe, has never been sati:-factorily answered, and we doubt whether it can Le; or whether, strictly caking, there can be such a thing as an unmixed

revenue tariff; but there are certain principles which ! ined fair one " encountered the Iruh R (e) apcr," and should characterize such a tariff, to the standard of by being prcsfeJ by the " lady," who proh-tted her love to which we should approximate us nearly as the nature jhim, he consented 'o become her hu.bar.J. The nuptial of things will prrHit. -knot w.,a ti-d ty tie Rev. Mr. Moppiatti, according to tha A revenue tariff will proportion lhe burden? of litC9 and ceremonies of the Catholic Church. Batatas! government, ns nearly as possible, accoraing to the the happy Benrdi- k w as conseyed to his dreary cell h stead wealth of each individ-ial placing but slight duties of the w-'!JinS chan-.ber. At this important oeriad Coonon articles which are l dispensable for the poor, and 8ellor MWT 5"' ,n, the1Cour of X 'h h high duties cn articles of foreign luxury, the con- n.ncate and moved the Curt for hi immedi.t. sumption of which is confined to the rich. In the dYtaung the Uru , fj.lj. The District Attorney present tariff this principle is entirely disregarded. ",Jn lhi V Urn".,Ihi 1 Man r , . . '. 1 . , . Hannan the wife the could no longer be the w itness, and A revenue tariff imposes no burden upon the peo- thfrtfore the governn ent could now go no farther. He had pie except to pay the expenses of the government eu)posea ,j)e jnger.uit, .f Counsel bad heretofore strained avoiding, cs far as possible, the operation of the pre- lhe use of the writ ol haben corput to ita utmost degree of sent system,. which ;mpoes a double tax; the duties tension it remained fr Counsellor Major to giva it an upon foreign imports alone going into the public trea- extra pu'.l without an infraction of the law." " but," said sury, while there iz another tax ij the higher prices ihr District Attorney, let us see this happy tnsn ! of our own manufactures, w hich makes up the cnor- " Oh ytt " rej hrd Mr. M-j)r, ' my newly acquired client, mous profits of the mauufacturers. This is as much , the wife, is most anxious to have his discharge to-night." a tax i!p"n the people a? though it were levied directly 'A nd, amid general laughter cf the Court, in which tb upon their property, and then paid from the national Recmder and lhe prtsiding Alderman joined heartily, treasury in the fjrm of botmtv. with this advantao-e Nowlan was introduced from the jaws of the prison to aa

in tlin 1-jct rrrthfwi tlcit it .ii1m tfpn Fill iitirtr, ri t, merry a marriEro

accoruincj to n.s means, wnue me Durucn is now piacea IT . . , r ... ,: : ,, , .. . disoronortionaulv noon the noor.. ib!of.hm hon"' tL,ck UP? l brow.. -"n m:bf,.t'

i- . . . i L-i .1 -i i i - , tml lint. Diiar Iu jii ncienm m'i mars hia

1 - . a i I ti l "i ' soldier ty tompulsior, it n OouMful sti.I whether tie does A revenue tariti looks .upon a!l classes and inter- , Be m3re ,h,n y a,tho h ,he ba, fof ests in all sections of the Lnion, as equally entitled c fVe en.Mej.hiin lo e.capP, ,t ,e,8t ten year. to favor-not making one the particular pet and fa- ! lmr,.tion . lh. a?. Pf;8,in l,V V Hnht x,n,

vorite of the government and building it upattl.ei13

expense ot tha others ; and in tms manner it avoids the jealousies and disaffection which have heretofore threatened tho permanence if the Union. It also approximates t!ie income of the government as nearly as possible, to the amount of its expenses, thus preventing a large surplus revenue and its attendant evils. Contracts with the Government. From Washington we heir of large numbers cf contrac opening of mails "the their bids for the contracts of -the etearner -Memphis Navy Yard, nnd the so unlv of the Indians We learn that for the lire t named contracts Col. Sloo offers for the line from New York to New Orleans, touching at Mobile and Havana, and farther for a line touching ot King?ton, and proceeding to Chagres. Maj. Doneison offers fcr the l'tie between New Orleans and Galveston. For the lines to Hurope thcie are offers from enterprising men in New York. For the Memphis contract there are many bids ; the contract is very large, extending to millions of dollars. The President has appointid Cave Johnson, P. M. General, Judge Mason, Attorney General, and Judge Shields, Commissioner of the Land Office, to assist the Secretary of the T avy in examining the bids and deciding upon this important contract. OfWe learn from the Kingston (Canada) Chronicle, that warlike preparatiuMs un a large scale are being made at that point. The fiont of the splendid Town Hall, says the Chronicle, is to be laid open to the Lake, by the pulling down cf McFherson cL Crane's store house and the. erection of a heavy battery. The shoal in front is to be secured by a large Tower, which will he of great utility in a naval point of view, as a mark for tha harbor. It is also proposed to erect a tower at Stuart's Point, and strengthen the work's at Fort Henry. The last steamer from England brought advices that it was contemplated to send out large additional military forces to Canada, arid also that the construction of seventeen war steamers' was to be undertaken forthwith. Dor. Lahor. The Wheeling Times notices a dog belonging to a German blacksmith in South. Wheeling which is somewhat remarkable for its sagacity. The blacksmith ha one forge that he devotes altogether to making nails for tiie coarsest shoes. A tins a boy makes about 0 thousaud a day, having tiie dog to blow the bellows, which i-i done by a wheel attached to a crank. The dor blows when the iron is in the fire; but as soon as it is taken cut he stops to rest, and commences at once when it is put in again. We understand there is a movement in Cincinnati to establish an independent Catholic church, in ac conjance with the avowed priuciples of the reforma tion now 111 progress in Oermany. A city Ucroiaii paper contains a call for a pastor of a new Catholic Church. .'It is understood that the subscribers to this church ore numerous, and the main ouiect ot their as sociation is the establishment of a Catholic church Vidcpcndnni of the Pope and bishops. it a 1 11 A 1 on monat, wuio i)K.n J., it ben;g the season of the vinta'ge.

L1W l iXJJS.

1 Coxxox Sense ts. Lesal Absurdities. In a ctw involving about $rJ0,J, bcf,et!.e Supine Court of Lristol co:mty, .Mass., in which Mr. WthMi-r recently appeared for the pliiuti f. a eise pmd:;. for tf tv'rx years, he concluded his remarks b, tifci.iar.ii ?. at vf the code of common sense was not ta tr..t"ru i .u.nJin their dd.berath, they nu.t be looked upon as nuitun cf, raa.tr laati the exponents of jus ire." Ti.is is a truth which wt are glad to see incuictUd by such high authority, it h t.me to clear away the musty obstruct.on ti. positive ribt and prompt justice with which absurd lcal forir and authiu&.ed technicalities cncumlcr and dtform the law. Assessment and Taxation. Massachusetts papers n rtice a case lately dicided in Fcrkshire co nfy in that State, in which' Hei drick Ea-tLnd ud'ti.e Assessor cf the town cf Fgremont for neglecting to tax ii'-n, aud had $H0 damages awarded him by verd.ct of a jury. We do not learn the reason why Eastland was not taxed, though we beiieve it is r4uile customary in this State for Selectmen, every seventh year, to omit assessing some who are taxable for a poll only, in ordr to prevent such from gaining a settlement so as to make them chargenble to the towr. in case of needing relief from the Overseers of the poor. . Such perhaps might have been the reason for the nrgltct of the Assessors of Egremont. The principles of law contained in the charge cf Judge Williams, who tried Eastland's case, being important to all having any thing to do with the assessment of taxes, we copy the following paragraph for the benefit of Uiose concerned : "Jud;e Williams instructed the Jury that in the twssment of taxes, Assessors wtre liable only lor lhe want of integrity ami fidelity on tlnrir own purl that il iliey incur the pln'mlifT was) no inhabitant uf Ereninnl tfo-y were responsible lor not taxing him, or il they w ere iucrant of the fart and did not ue diligenre tu arqjir correct inr.irniatiun in regard to the plaiiitilTs rei1rii4-e, thpy were also liable that it was the duty of Assessors to take reaüonüble pains to ascertain who were, and who were not, tnxnble in their respective townt thai it waa llitir duly to tax tliose who were properly liable, and to omit those who were not ; arid that a neglect 01 a refusal in either of lhoe respects wait a violation of integrity aud fidelity." Sin-cur I 'iw Jrrtsti. The Supreme Court of iNew Jerwy ha, in the esse of the slave illiam, given a unanimous di-cicion, wilb the exception of the Chief Justice, in favor of subtainii'g the law of slavery as it existej prior to the a Jo li jn of the new Constitution. Judge Ncvius gave a written opinion in efiVct as follu : 1st. That the rt-Ution cf master ai d slave etUted by law at the a.lopiion of the Constitution in 1814. 2nd. That thai Constitution has not destroyed that relation or aboliehed slaver) 3.1. That the colored man William should be remanded to the custody of the drfcndaiit. The opinion of the Judge wert to show that from the earliest times tbe institution of s'avery vca recognised in Netv Jersry. As early as 1708 the Legislature declared by statute that every r.egro then slave should remain a slave until regularly nianutuiiteJ according ta the terra prescribed Ly law, anj that Co m has from time to time protected the claim of the misti r to the slave. In 1S20 the Lgila'ure adopted a plan fir tbe grsJoil abolition of slavery, in which the relation of maMrr and slave was again recognized, and ui der which slavery has rica'Iy d. (appeared, the number being reduced, arcordmi to the late census, to C74, who have arcordug to the act. ? ,,'g,, c!aim on lhcir ma-1" for n-.aii.tenanre in case of inability to support lhemelies, unless the law is rendered nugatory hy the Ac Constitution. . KEsrosstBitiTt or A Chid. In a recent esse tried in Boston, nhrre a boy eleven years o d w is charged w iih setting fire to an out-hue, the principal point ranted in iL. i . r i i .i . , i .. r k , ; ... . viioi iriiiiuiitg nunu r. uuiu it imri uiiii iiiiiiniai J rrepunA Novel esc cf Habeas Cor res S.une dva sine Daniel Nonlin tvts chargrj with raj.e by Maria Hsnnan, both of Uedlow'a Island. This mruing No Ian waa taken before Jutlge Daily by Daniel Msjir, E?q. on a writ of habcrt eorbut. On his passsee from Lrion. tha ru- : . r t turi as e7?r oat cpon a - mccesnui We are told that for t vo centuries and a half, throughout the better 8ge of the Roman republic, the iulüction of the punishment of death was expressly forbidden by the famous Torcian law, passed in the four hundred and fifty-fourth year of Koine, by the tribune Pore i us Lecca. It is true thre were exception?. The exile cf Cicero turned upon the violation of this law, in his inlliction of this punishment upon .the Catilinarian conspirator?. And in the case of anliu?i whose courage had delivered Rome, but w ho was precipitated hem the larpeian rock when his ambition aspired lo tyranny. And, in respect to its operation, The penal laws of tie kinrs and those of the Twelve Tables were nearly abolished during the republic,' says Iontesquieu, ' either in consequence of the Valerian law, made by Valerius Tublicola, short ly after the expulsion of the king?, or else in conse quence of the Porcian law. The republic was not the wone regulated, and no injury was done to the police. 4 In this period,' writes Blackstone, the republic flourished : under the emperors severe punishments were revived ; and then the empire fell. Conviction or Col. DAVExroET's Murderers. Three of the murderers of Col. Davenport at Rock Island, Hi., on the -itii ot J u!y last, have been convicted at the term cf the Circuit Court for Rock Island county which closed on Saturday last, and sentenced to be hung. Their names are John Long, Robert Long and Younn. There are two others, (Birch and Baxter) cow in Custody awaiting their trial. The Benefits of Odd Fellowship. It will be gratifying to erery " brother" to learn, thai the losses of individual members of the Order by the great lire in Pittsburg, amouming to more than 15.( 00, has been fully made-up to them. A part of this Joa, embraced all the earthly possessions of several widows of deceased members, w ho are thus, by the liberality of the Order, again placed in comfortable circumstances. What other charitable society can be found ns prompt and efficient as the Odd Fellows ! Herein consists their cxldity. A Luctct Tailor. The Boston PcEt ssys, one of the cutters at "Oak Hall," and a poor man, With a large family, received the intelligence by uur lat steamer Ilibernia, tf a large amount of money, houses, land, plate horses, carriage s,&c, e mounting to from 15 J,OUO to 200,1 00 dollars, being tbe effects of a rich pawn broker, deceased, cf whom this cutter is sola heir. The Rev. Br. Jndson, Baptist Missionary in Burmah. and throe clöldrcn, arrived at Boton, a few Ldays since, from Port Louis, Mauntus, via bt. Helena. r - If. Kn . a iMia t Mrs. Judson died cn ccara at ci. ntKu, i'i5.iu. , September 3d. ' Tw .ttt si a . itt old Ladt. Mrs. Hannah Gourre died in Ne York, recently, aged one hundred and nine years, eleven months and fifteen days. This hoV it is said, has .een and held converge with each ...I i-irri' i rt.JiUvni 01 nit; uuin-u i-i.-, I many other dignitaries of lesser magnitude. I Jk s- ' ' ' "

t filUa f ir In u.-rnnrrftil rt I h m l 'nurt tk-t nhl