Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 5, Number 7, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 August 1845 — Page 2
diriuaita State Sentinel. H'CKKLV KDITIO.X.
ANXEXATIOI COXriRJirD. J Isaac Van Zant, W fmvi rorivfHl i!Vt information from Texas. S- Holland,
tflK.IAL VlOlHWCt 1 THE MICE f 11BEITT. IXIJIAAI'OLiIS, AIGIST t, 145. SOUND THE TOCSIN!
IS
A L 3v : W-
that the people in Convention assembled; on the 4th ""J w . '.i.- - -.L: t-... Ke- Smyth,
-u.jr, iv w, Jimei Armstrong.
i- Lr -
9'
Francis W. White, James Davis, Attest :
II. L- Kinney, William L- Caznetu,' A. S. Cunningham, Abner S. Lipscomb, John Hemphill, Van R. Iriun.
saw
DEJIOCIt.iCY TRIXIPIIAXTI The Citadel Iledccined ! Tuesday Morning. Yesterday the election in Indiana came off; and it has been remarked in all quar .
ters as one of the most nutet that ever occurred in
the State. Indeed, leading Whigs here, have laugh
ed to 6ee charges iiscd by their friends in one quarter, while the same charges were made more tangible by
the Democrats against the Whigs in another neither
of them wortij, mentioning at present But our object is to state what information we have received in
regard to tlie election,
Without any effort, under the present judicious law,
confining voters to their own townships, the Democ
racy in this "citadel county" of whiggery, has been
peculiarly triumphant.
Nearly every candidate on the ticket has been elect
ed, and every one would have easily been elected, had
professed democrats done what was but simply their duty. Under present circumstances, we can overlook
this matter now, and du nothing but rejoice.
Mine this ! If the balance of the State has done as well as the Centre, we shall have a majority on joint ballot in the Legislature of some 20 votes, securing to u a Democratic U. S. Senator, and tending to prove how silly a rriari .looks for condemning in
Democrats a course approved and advocated by whigs,
and especially by himself as leader.
We g ivc the following as coming near the official
result, which latter will be given in our next. The
Abolition vote is understood to be about 50 in the
fcounty. For Congress Marion County.
one dissenting voice, to the rc-union of that aud this
country. Tlie dissenter afterwards recorued bis name
in the affirmative. V e copy the official correspond
ence from the Washirgton. Union, and also a digest of facts which it received from Gen. Bcsancon, direct
from Texas'. t
Gen. Rusk had been unanimously chosen President
or the Convention, and James iaymond, q., (brother of the late charge from, that Government, near this,)
was elected secretary. After the passage of the resolution of assent, Col. Love, of Galvestoo, moved that the members wear crape upon the left arm for one month, as a testimony of respect for the decease of General Jackson." The people of Texas feel that
to the great name arid noble efforts of that distinguishd
man, they are greatly indebted for the result which
we have now the happiness to record.
A resolution requesting the President of the United
States to send troops upon the frontier of Texas was
passed. It will be found in another column.
, Volney E. Howard, delegate from Bexar, and Gen.
Terrant, another delegate, whose absence created some uneasiness, arrived on the evening of the 8th,
upon the west bank of the Colorado. Their horses had been stolbn by the- Indians. Particulars had not
been learned when our informant left, on the morning
of the 9ih.
Tho SVr-rtrv nf War nf TW la
- . e it . i I .lun'vo. icai vi juioLiuaiy. .aar ntic uciu uui tu
ironuer, lor me purpro oi maKinj a new.ireaty wun . pr - . senarate nation. . With a discrimination
the Indians, l be ironuer people do not apprehend an tpnf! hv her rnntart with fnrei. influcnr sh
JAS. II. RAYMOND,
... .Secretary of tlie Convention. Adopted July 4th, 184.". ClTT OF ACSTIXJ . ., Bepublic of Texas, July 5, 184Ö. I certify the foregoirg is a correct copy of the ordi
nance as adopted and tinned by the members of tlie
convention on 'yesterday, July 4, 184Ö.
JAS. 11. KAYMUND, Secretary of tlie Convention. Legation of the United States, "" . . , i, - Austin, Texas, July 0, 1S15.
Sir : The undersigned, charge d'afl'aires of the
United States, has the hnr.to acknowledge tlie re
ceipt of your note of the 5th inst., transmitting a cer
tified copy of tlie .ordinance adopted by tuo convention of Texas, accepting tlie proposals, conditions
and guaranties contained in the first and second sec
tions of the joint resolution of the Congrees of the
United States for the admission of 1 exas as a State
of the Union.
This ordinance shall be immediately forwarded by
a special message to tne 1 resident ot tlie united
States, who will receive it with the gratification its
dignity and importance are so well calculated to pro
duce in every patriotic heart. Texas has thus mani
fested to the world, with a unanimity unparalleled in the disposition of a debated political: question, her
preference of an association with the republican
States composing the federal Union, over all the ad-
W. W. Wick. Detn. J. T. Foley, Whig, Legislature. Webber, d. Wilson, d. Harris, w. Evans, w. A uilitor. N. Dolton, d. J. V. Hamilton, w. Assessor. A. Wells, d. i. 2lcCollotii, w. Commissioiw r . J. McFall, J. Mcllvaine.
1403 1401 jr-oi 1101 1173 1151 1411 1497 1409
incursion from the Mexican troops.
Major Donelson was at Austin, recovered from his
serious illness at Washington on the Erazos.
The United States dragoons were en route on the
20th, commanded by Col. Twiggs, and to pass through
Austin to tlie territory beyond the Nueces. The in
fantry and artillery (Gen. Taylor in command) were to leave New Orleans on the 21st Inst, for Corpus Christi. The tidings' of the march of the United
States, troops to the frontier of that country, were received by the Texians with delight. Blessings with
out number are invoked on the head of the President
of the United States, for his energy in securing an
nexation, and his anxiety to secure the legitimate soil of Texas Jrom the invasion of the Mexicans. The people feel that be has been true to his plcdge3 true
to his own country, just and honorable to theirs.
Dr. Ashbel Smith has been notified of Iiis recall.
Hon. K. L. Anderson, Vice President of Texas,
died at Fanthrop's, in Montgomery county, on Iiis
way from Washington to his residence.
to think ho lias been victimized by bii friend and patron, as well aa her Majesty's minister. True to
his faith. However, lie issued bis proclamation, admitting a sta of war and a disputed territory, which
f not intended as treason to the country, or proceeding
rom disappointed hopes, was excessively foolish. .
Lord Aberdeen has avowed to Dr. Ashbel Smith
that her Majesty's Government will not interfere in
the question ; so he writes home. This removes one of the prospects of war ; so, if you get to loggerheads
with John bull, it must be about Oreeon. Jonathan
will ruht tor whales and lumber, but seems to have
but little fancy for it, if su jar, cotton, or negroes
have any thing to do with the matter.
Ihn once nourishing village is m a state of entire
dilapidation and ruin the effects of an arbitrary
exercise of power, without cause and without prece
dent: and although the author of all tins rum is
elected a delegate, he will not take his seat ; he cannot he dare not look upon hundreds whom lie has iu
his wantonness mined.
General Tarrant, a delegate from Fannin, was on
a visit to San Antonio. He, with Mr. Howard, dele
gate from that place, has for some days been expected. Painful apprehensions have arisen for the safety, as
many Indians are on the frontier, who have committed ieveral murders lately.
We arc entirely exposed to the attacks of Indians
and Mexicans not a soldier on guard, and but few fire-arms. . -So callous have the people of Texas be
come to danger, that they scarcely ever prepare to
repel attack. On my;way here, I met a young man, with two young girls in a., buggy, with no protection
whatever I rom attack almo6t.-the very spot where
young Hornsby had been killed two weeks previous
by the Indians. They were ia- high, glee, laughing and talking merrily. I could but think- that an hour
miht consign them to death, or a worse fatei"
Tlie Hope Howes reports only forty hours from
Galveston to the Balizc. The latest Galveston paper we have is of tlie 12th inst. We are indebted to Captain Shaw and Mr. Nick Bolivin for papers, &c. The British brig Tersian arrived at Galveston a few days ago from Vera Cruz. She brought despatches for the Government, and was to return as soon as she heard from Washington. It was rumored
in Galveston that 6he was there for the purpose of learning the fate of, the Mexican propositions to President Jones, and if they were rejected, that tlie fleet of Mexico would be down on Galveston without delay ! We hope the Galvestonians will not evacuate their city on the strength of this fearful rumor. ... The Hon. K. L. Anderson, Vice President of Texas, died on the 10th inst. at Fanthorp's, Montgomery county, of fever. The pacrs are in mourning for the sad event. Mr. Edrvard Bourne, a native of Coventry, Enir-
has learned in her battle-fields, and ja her civil ex
pericncr. the necessity of Lnion among the votaries
ot treedom ; anu in voluntarily agreeing to take n;
place hereafter as a sovereign member of the Amen
can confederacy, she has paid a tribute to the cause
of popular government, which will command the ad
miration of the world.
From tlie date of this ordinance, Texas will have acquired a right to the protection of the United
States ; and tlie undersigned is happy to inform you
that tlie President of tlie United States has taken
steps to afford this protection in the most effectiv
manner against future Mexican and Indian invasion
That the deliberations of the convention thus far
distinguished by. calmness and prudence may produce a constitution of Texas, as perfect as. her, trials in
the achievement of her independence and liberty hav
been great and triumphant, is the sincere hope of both land, left his residence on Clear Creek lake in a boat,
Hon.
Itusll Counts'. We have seen a letter addressed to a gentleman in town, (Editors do not want such tilings of course !) stating that Eggleston's majority for Congress, over Smith, in that county, is 132. It was last year for Clay 213. R. C. Cox arid James Ilinr.hman, both Whigs, are elected to the Legislature.
This is nobly done; and a corresponding vote
mrougnoui tne oiate win give us a majority tar
greater than tve had anticipated.
Hamilton and Tiploni In these counties, the Democrats have succeeded
C. T. Jackson and R. P. Kimberlin are elected, and Bowman, candidate for tlie Senate, is reported ahead.
If Eoone does her duty, Cowman will be elected. We
learn that Hazelrigg, whig, is elected in Eoone.
the government and the people of the United States ;
to tlie expression of which, the undersigned begs leave to add the satisfaction with which he subscribes himself, with sentiments of great regard for yourself, and tlie honorable body over which you preside, , Your very obedient servant, I A. J. DONELSON. j To the Hon. Titos. J. Rusk, President of the Convention now in session. Convextiox Room,' -j Austin, (Texas,) July 7, 1SI5. Sir : Py order of the convention, I have the honor herewith to transmit to your excellency the enclosed copy of a resolution adopted by the honorable convention this day. Very respectfully, your excellency's most obedient
Bcrvant, . IHUö. J. KUSll, President.
His Excellency, A. J. Donelson,
Charjre d Affaires of the United States.
Resolution relative to the introduction of tlie United
States forces into Texas. lie it resolved by the deputies of the people in con-
renlion assembled. That the President of the United
States of America is hereby authorized and requested
to occupy and establish posts without delay upon the
frontier and exposed positions of this republic, and
to introduce, tor such purpose and delence of the ter ritory and people of Texas, such forces as may be ne cessary and advisable for the same.
Adopted in convention, at the city of Austin, re
public of Texas, July 7th, 13 w.
THUS. J. 1-iLSlv, l'rcsident. Attest : Jas. II. Ratmond, Secretary of the convention. From the .Yrw Orleans Picayune, ef July 20. LATEST FROM TEXAS.
Annexation ratified -Death of Vice President K. L
Anderson Incursions and depredations of the
Indians General news. By the arrival of the brig Hope Howes, Capt. B. G
, . öl - r f . 7J- ".!-
territory properly included within, and rightly belong- "aw lu jww.-ru.y, e ur apureu oi ing to. the republic of Texas, may be erected into a the g'oS nd gratifying fact that the que-tl0n of
new State, to be called the State of Texas, with a re- wt ""y cons-ummaiea. mus Dy
publican form of government, to be adonted hv the the honct and unwavering conduct of a tree people,
. . i .. . . . . r - - -j 1 1 i ..r ;4 - t. l
mxm'.e Ol 6aid republic, bv denutlea in convention - ui unguis o.i uumc mm rur
- . . ' I : i ji r- : i i l c l , .
lines auroau bwu luueu auu irusiraieu. . iionur 10 uie
in
Official.
A. J. Donelson,
Charge Affaires of the United Stales; tec.
Sir : The undersigned, president of the convention
assemoieu ai una piace ior me purpose ot lorming a State constitution for the State of Texas, preparatory
to her admission as one of the btates of the United
States of America, by order of said convention, has
the honor herewith to transmit to you a properly ccr-
1 1 .11 .1 .-
lined ropy oi an ordinance auoptcu py tne convention
on yesterday, July 4th, l'sla.
I have the honor to be, with tlie highest respect,
Mr. Donelson's obedient servant,
City of Austin, TIIO. J. RUSK. Republic of Texas, July 5, 1845.
AN ORDINANCE.
AVhcrcas the Congrecä of the United States of
America has passed resolutions providing for the an
nexation of Texas to that Union, which resolutions
were approved by the President of the United States
on the first day of March, one thousand eight hundred
and forty-five: and whereas the President of the
United States has submitted to Texas tlie first and se
cond sections of tlie said resolution) as tlie basis upon which Texas may be admitted as one of the States of the said Union : and whereas the existing govern
ment of the republic of Texas has assented to the
proposals thus made, tlie terms and conditions of
which are as follows : .? . "JOINT RESOLUTION, for annexing Texas to the
United Mates,
"Reoshrd by the Senate and Vie House of Repre
senlatites of the United Stales of America in Con
(fcy-Johnson County gives Wick 509 majority, and
elects all the democratic county ticket except Sheriff, sembled, with the consent of the existing government, mies broad ?!? foll,-d and fru8tratfd- - Honor to t who is' a wLV. ' in order that the same may be admitted as one of the republicans of Texas for the part they have taken
Hancock. Wick's majority so far is 11G Brown
1 ja as a
townfcüip to be heard Irom, which will increase it.
Henry, w., and RiTey, 3.; elected representatives.
Bartholomew. Wick's majority H repctcd at
aixjut. i uaruuur, a., ior senate, nas las maj The whole democratic ticket elected.
P. S. Barbour is elected, the vote of Jennings re
ducing the majority of the district to 125.
States of this Union.
"2d. And be it further resolved, That thq forego
ing consent of Congress is riven upon the following
conditions, and with the tollowing guaranties, to
wit :
"First. Said State to be formed, subject to the ad
justment by this government of all questions of boun-
the achievement of the purpose !
We give our worthy correspondent letter, which
embraces a clear, end succinct narration of tlie pro
ceedings of tlie Convention up to the latent period at i - ' 1 a
wnicn it was possiuie to receive Austin news :
Austin, July 7, 1843.
" The Convention assembled on the morning of the
dary that may arise with other governments ; and the 4th, and unanimously elected Gen. Rusk to preside
constitution thereof, with the proper evidence of its
adoption by the people of said republic of Texas,
.shall be transmitted to the President of the United States, to be laid before Congress, for its final action,
on or betöre tlie first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
"Second, baid State, when admitted into the Union,
over its deliberations. Un taking the chair, he
made a short address, which was well delivered and
suitable to the occasion. A committee of fifteen was
soon after appointed, who reported by their chairman,
Judge Lipscomb, an ordinance, assenting, on behalf
of the people of Texas, to the terms of annexation
proposed by the United States Government. It was
i. iL. I .. I c-.. . it ... I J J 1 11 . 1 T .
of harmony prevailed. Isaac Johnson, of "u." 1 UMCM ltlt" "u FUÜ"C --uiuces, -s -b - . .
of West Feliciana, and L. Walker, of uncations narracKs, ports and harbors, navy and is noi a iiuie singular, i..ai u.e uniy uis.-nung voice
, were nominated as candidates for nomin: UV J ' uoc"' m"Sazines' arm9 trmaments, ' " ,,e U1T . , V1 K . . ,T-rL
Governorship, and Trasimond Landrv. of an?,au .rer Pro?erty and rrean3 pertaining to the KVy ci uie Areasury, ana orumer-m-iaw oi tne vice
f ionfion .,-1 t u pi-i ' r puouc neicnce Deionging to tne said republic of Tex- rresiacnu
on the 3d inst., and is supposed to have been drowned on the 4th.
Ashbel Smith has been recalled from England.
Speaking of this, the Galveston News of the 12th
savs : ve should like to know what he went for.
what he has done, how much money he has pocketed,
From the extreme healthiness cf the climate, and tlie pursuits which the people will adopt, we tnay antici
pate tliat it will become a distinguished portion ot cf tne V
the country fur latcllice, virtue, and poiuical independence. Our knowledge of the region, between
tlie Kocky and h.Iue mountains, is not la vera tie to its speedy settlement, or its rahc for any of the princi
pal pursuits ot our citizens. Hie son is so strangely impregnated with salt, that it must remain for many
centuries unfit for cu
louta, is situated in
near the iu net ion of the Snowy and Rocky
Mr. Pilchcr spent a yeir in the region of tlie Multonomah, Lewis and Clark's rivers, and found the valleys covered with tlie richest grasses. White clover, red clover, timothy and blue grass, were common, and among the spontaneous productions. Though the soil upon these rivers does not equal that of the Mis
sissippi, it is superior ta tlie cultivated parts of the
Atlantic States.
Notwithstanding tlie many diadvantajres of soil
and climate, Oregon possesses commercial and man
ufacturing abilities far superior to those ot other sections of the country. It is universally conceded that
the water power of the territory is unhmited. lhe
rivers which rise in the Rocky Mountains, at an ele
vation of 5000 to 10,000 feet above the sea, find their
way with extreme rapidity and power to the Pacific,
On all these streams, labor enterprise and wealth, will
establish various kinds of manufactures. Coal has
been found, and minerals are supposed to be buried in the mountains. A large portion oft he country, par
ticularly on the coa6t, is covered with heavy and valuable timber. The pine, live oak, and white oak.
grow to an extraordinary size, far surpassing any of
the species in North America. The timber is not on
ly valuable for fuel, but will be extensively used in building ships, houses, and for export to the countries
washed by the I acific.
The commercial advantages of this territory consti
tute its principal value. On the north and north-wett
are the Russian possessions, both of America and
Asia, extending over 90 degrees of latitude ; on tlie
south ate California, Mexico, and the extensive coast of South America ; on tlie west, and comparatively
near, are China and the t-oduIous regions known as
the East Indies- When Oregon is settled, as it will
be, by American citizens, her chips will visit all these
ports for commercial purposes. Among her commcr
cial resources are furs, lumber, beef,, hjdes, tallow
and grain, to omit entirely those: articles of traßic which. American enterprise and ingenuity .will ultimately produce in preat quantities. Furs always
meet a ready sale in China and many parts of the
East ; lumber sells at a high price in tlie islands f
the Tacific, and in various sections of Asia and Amer ica ; flour, beef, hides and tallow, can be sent to al
most any section of the world. Many of these arti
cles commanded a high price last year. On the W ll
lamet river, beef was worth $G 00 per hundred, flour
$1 00 per bbl., pork S12 50 perbbl., lard, butter and
cheese, 20 cents per pound. (Letter from an emi
grant.) A century will be sumcient to place tlie commerce of Oregon in a respectable position. Should
the jurisdiction of the United States be extended over
f lic Ctiriency.
We copy.the following frura the Money department
Newa. It ia worthy of caret al atten
tion. In estimating the condition of the United States currency as affected by the banks in existence, some difficulty exists from the want of regular and uniform . Mirations of their affairs : a s!rnal instance of the
Pank, and yet deny Congress the power to compel thcte currency furnishers to make regular ahd prompt
statements as to the extent of their issues. In de
fault of such statements there is no resource but to
ollect patiently and carefully tlie isolated returns of
individual banks and bring them together Irom time to time in a comprehensive table, that will indicate the true ft ate of the currency. We have now leading features from all tlie banks of eight States, and these compare in relation to specie and circulation with the
eame States in INio, as loiiows :
ricis ARB BASK tlirrUTIOli Or TEIAI iliT.
CVa.
Missouri
Ohio
South Carolina Georgia
.New Orlean New York
Connecticut
Maine
Total 8 Pute .
Nute on band
I Illinoi
Miwwaippl Fhirula Alabama
9,675,M4 7,4H6,7i7 7,97 1 7 7,130,51(5 21.I47.SW7 3,874,214 2,346,076
Spirit. 371.V.?
a,'.4,li6 S. 5iO, 4-27 2,tKt7rV-7 2,Ui48 31S.12U 207, 7ü5
leü.
Total
5U.614.7I9 17,leJ,159 44,4-25) 4,VJ0,.V21 714,5 6,172, 1U7
54,450,438
17,75 1, ft I
279,670 559 470 39 037 1,564,49!
Cir. 1,474,470 8.370,21 3,274,ü:t9 3.515.5W ?,834,74S l'J.lA'3 4,104,414 1,918,340 39,fl7l,84 5 7,304 33 ,304 .5Ü0 none, none. 1,500,000
Specif. 1,709,554 735,04 1,14,M 1,491,375 6.25, GBO 3,1184 453.(5S 192,273 'JO ,900 ,7 81
450 JK
34,Se!(0 21,410,781
when he is goin? again, or what plan will next be I the territory west of the Rocky mountains, emigra j i - i Ii! -ni l i r l
Democratic Nominations.
, In Louisiana. The convention to nominate demo
cratic State officers for the State of Louisiana, assem
bled at üaton Kouge on the 14th ult., and a delight
iul spirit
the parish
liapides
tion to the
the narifih
the parish of Orleans, were put in nomination for 'the &3' sha11 rctain a11 the Public fund3 debt8 taxe8 and " A(ieT the ncccss&T7 resolut'-ons were passed for choice of the convention as its candidate for ti,- dues of every kind, which may belong to, or be due the transmission of the ordinance to the United States,
T.lwitrrDint fJf.vrTir0K; tu f.;nju ,i nd owin; to the said republic; and shall also retain resolution was offered by Colonel Love, and unani
Mnated in tlie choice of Isaac Johnson and Trasü I & tbe vacant &nd unappropriated lands lying within mously adopted : ,That the members wear crape on j States of tlie Union. It is rare to have any rain in
inond Landry as the democratic ticket for tlie two lts "lt.s. Ppüed to the payment of the debts their left arm for one month, as a testimony of regret
nlrrhest riffTrp in tho Stuto anu liabilities ot the said republic of lexas; and the! lor the decease ot Oeneral Jackson. Whatever
"in Mississippi. A democratic convention assem- f.esi!!ue. of Baid lands' aflcr discharging said debts and differences of opinion may exist, as regards his polit
bled at Jacksoi,. nominated the following State and liaD1.uues lo 1)0 'pod ot as said Mate may direct ; ical acts, elsewhere, 1 exas owes tn,m a debt ot grati
ujnsreesional ticket:
'alien upon to disburse our public funds.
The following appointments have been made by the
President:
lion. Ebcnezer Allen, Secretary of State. Hon. W. B. Ochiltree, Attorney General. Hon. J. A. Greer, Secretary of tlie Treasury. The report of the crops throughout the country are
highly favorable ; Gai'.eston and the other cities and towns continue healthy ; emigrants are fast pressing
into the country from the adjoining States of the Union ; ard the prospects of Texas, view them through
wnai phase we win, are prosperous and, encouraging.
The 1 Roors. It scema now very certain that the
United States troops at the barracks and lower cotton press (the 3d and 4th regiments) will start to-morrow for their new destination on the borders of Texas.
Amongst other journals of this city, this paper sug
gested that the citizens would be pleased to see a pa
rade oi Uie two regiments ociore leaving ; but it was
rather unwittingly made, inasmuch as the great heat of the weather and the unacclimated state of the
troops could not have permitted it. We have seen
some of the officers some of the first in command
and are assured by them that these causes alone pre
vented the suggested parade. There was not the slightest want of disposition on their part ; and, as we have said, nothing bnt the oppressive heat of the
weather and tlie condition of the troops amongst whom are some two hundred and fifty raw recruits
prevented a general turn-out. Indeed, the officers al
luded to it as a matter of regret.
There will be a dress inspection this morning at 8
o'clock, according to custom on Sunday mornings ; and those who wish to witness it may do so by going to the cotton press and barracks. j Tlie Orrgon Tcrrilorjr. i We find in Hunt's Merchant's Magazine for June, a sketch of the character, climate and resources of the Territory of Oregon, brief and yet so comprehensive in its details, as to afford to the reader a good idea of the fair domain sought to be wrested from us by Great Britain. It also tends to show how necessary is the Territory to the U. States in promoting security at home and equality abroad. As the writer remarks, its possession "secures to the U. S. the control of the commerce of the world, and enables them to contend, even-handed, with Great Britain for the supremacy of tlie Seas," while it will add neither power nor strength to tlie latter. Below is the sketch to which we allude. Oregon extend from 42 to 50 dog. 40 min. north latitude. It is bounded north by the Russian possessions on the coast, and the British possessions in the interior ; on the cast by the Rocky mountains, which separate it from the acknowledged territory of the United States ; on the south by Mexico, and on the west by the Pacific ocean. It is estimated that it contains 350,000 square miles, equal to 224,000,000 acres; "On the coa6t, for about 130 miles inland tlie climate is mild and equal. There is seldom any snow or severe frosts,, and firmers plough and sow in the winter. The nights are excessively cold, but other
wise the temperature resembles that of tlie middle
20,196,315
The paper circulation of twelve States of the Union
is reduced from fifty-four to thirty-four millions, while the banks issuing the latter sura held more specie than did the issuers of the former sum. The year
1833 was not tlie year of the great western bank ext . . i i . i . o - - i. l-:
pansiou. 11 was men mat me epecie larcuiauoa gave activity to the precious metals, and caused then to go west, and the circulation rose in Mississippi to
!lo,000,000 in m Illinois to $i,iuu,uuu; ia Alabama and Ohio to $10,000,000, followed by a complete explosion. It is evident now that the con-
dition of the currency south and west oi icw ior
is; as a great whole, little if any above a specie level, and that therefore the volume of the currency could
in no wise be disturbed by the re-institution of the specie features of the Sub-Treasury law. The returä of the banks in the above table, was about January
1336, say sixty days after the first Spocie Circular
began to operate; to which circular was ascribed the
most terrible results, when in tact it only lorbid the . receipts for Government dues of bank notes of a denomination less than five dollars, and after March.
1Ö36. less than ten dollars. In the mean time, land
speculations reached Buch an extraordinary height.
that in July, 15(, gold and silver only was oraerea to be received Tor land exceeding 320 acres In quantity. The bona fide settlers were thus allowed the same privileges as before, while speculation was de-
stroyea, as puDiic lanus couia no longer oe ouiainea ior valueless credits;, They were bought only by in dustrious settlers, who had . the rieans to pay. The sales of the lands fell off as follows : -
1P34. ' ' 18C5. " 1S36. 1837. Affweold 4.6.W.2I3 12,564,428 20.074,fTO 5,601,103
SG.oyy,:! 15,y90,eCM SS.167,633 7,007,523
Value
Now it is observable that tlie effect of the circular
was not to drain the banks of specie, as alleged, but to stop the speculation in lands and reduce the aale
to the actual settlers, lhe distress which ioiiowe-1
was that of the land speculators, only growing out of
their obligations to the banks, and was caused not bjf
tion will be encouraged, and the authority of the gov
ernment will essentially aid in rendering the Tacific
the rival of the Atlantic.
The great difficulty, in a commercial aspect, is the
want of cood harbors. The mouth of the Columbia
river affords a tolerable shelter for vessels, but the entrance is difficult and dangerous. Whea Capt.
Gray discovered the river, he was unable to enter it
for nine days, though he made great exertions to do so. Various plans for the improvement of the harbor
have been made, and the settlement of the country
will lead to a partial or complete removal of the difficulties. As tlie Columbia has its head in the remote
partofthe territory, and, for a long time, at least, the action of this Government, but by the movement must be the principal channel of communication with of the Bank of England, which issued in tlie summer the coast, it is important that every obstacle should of 1:3G, a summary notice to the American Barker ha nv(rifimp Thrro nrp nr hnrhnrs nf nnv value in London, to curtail their American credits Tbi
south cf tlie Columbia. North of the Columbia are letter created a foreign demand for specie, which de Bulfinch or Grav's harbor. Nootka sound, and numer-i stroved the speculators.
ous bays', sounds and inlets, upon the strait of Fuca, Now it will be observed that had the specie circular Trincess Royal, and Queen Charlotte's islands, which alwavs been in operation, those Speculations never
will afford secure shelters for vessels of any size. I could have taken place, and the consequent distress
Hence the importance of securing this portion of the never could have followed. The sales ot lands would
coast in the adjustment of the boundary with Great have taken place regularly, as the demand fur actual
Britain. settlements existed. As lor instance, me sales o
The possession of Oregon will enable the United public lands during the year 1S40, when the Sub-
States to increase and strengthen their naval as well .treasury was in operation, auioumeu io jj.-.i.wi,
as commercial power. There are few places which will afford greater facilities for ship buildiug, than the coasts of this country. The pines of the Columbia rival the sycamores of the Mississippi, while the live and white oak are superior to the same species in the Atlantic States. Of course, one of the first measures of our crovcrnment should be to establish a
or nearly as large as in 1333, before the specnatioos commenced. The actual settlers having the means to
pay for land, experienced no difficulty in the purchase. Now, at this time, there are no speculations afloat,
and comparatively no credits outstanding, hence thQ only effect which the restoration of the Sub-Treasury can have, will be to prevent speculation. Precisely
naval station, for the repair of trading vessels, as well on the same principles that tlie currency of England
as those employed in tlie protection of our commerce.
The mouth cfthe Columbia could easily be made the depot for the trade of the whole eastern continent After the establishment of a naval station, the next essential requisite is a safe and expeditious mode of
communication betwixt tlie Tacific and tlie valley of the Mississippi. . By this arrangement our merchants would obtain information from all parts of the TacifJc coast in ad
vance of those of any other nation. A knowledge of the European markets could be obtained more expe-! ditiously via the United States to China, than by any other route. So, on the other hand, we 6hall obtain the earliest information, as well as from all Asia and the eastern coast of South America, as from China
and Oregon. Our trading vespels fitted out at the
Columbia, could traverse the ocean in every direction, and search for new markets and new articles of traf
fic at every post on both continents, from Beering's
strait to Cape Horn. In the absence of the means of
transporting heavy merchandize across the continent, vessels would ply regularly between the extremities of the American territories. The possession of Ore
gon secures to the United btates the Control ot the commerce of the world, and enables them to contend,
even-handed, with Great Britain for the supremacy of the seas.
.. for Governor: Albert O. Brown : for Secretary of a Ire .UPJ? the government of
State, Wilsort Jlemmingway ; for Auditor. J E.I "f A,nf- btates ol conven
TU ' ' . ... - , I fO 1 I n fT TsmiTP i n iim ha n -4 , 1 t
but in no event are said debts and liabilities to become
the United States.
convenient size, not ex-
Matthews ; for Treasurer,' Wm. Clark ; for Attorney General, John D. Freeman.
For Congress: Jacob Thompson, re-nominated; Robert W. .Roberts, do.; Stephen Adams, of Monroe
co.; Jetlerson Uavis, of Warren co.
ceeding four -in number, in addition to said State of
Texas, and having sufficient population, may hereaf-
teri by . the consent of said State, be formed out of the
territory thereof, which shall be entitled to admission
under the provisions of the federal constitution. And
tude. To him we are indebted for the privilege of
becoming a member of the,grea$ American Union a measure so important to us, and I hope to you. The Convention then adjourned. It was a novel celebration of the liberty day to surrender the independence
of our nation, and by the act of the whole people,
assent to its incorporation with another; and offer a
tribute of respect to tlie man through whose influeuce
Th? Oferatios or the New Post-office Law.
such States as may be formed out of tlie portion of tlie measure was consummated.
saia territory lying soutn ot thirty-six degrees thirty On the huh we appointed committees on the plan
a. .1 1.. . 1 . . 1 -i a . -ww . ' "
ininuies norm lauiuue, commonly Known as the Mis- auoptea by the Virginia convention, to report on the
Union, with or without slavery, da the people of each cussion which was creditable to the speakers : it was
State asking admission may desire. And in such the skirmish that precedes more heavy tiring.
State or States as shall be formed out of said teirito- " The delegates to the Convention, for intelligence, ry, north of said Missouri compromise line, slaverv integrity, and worth, would rank Lio-h in anv countrv.
or involuntary servitude (except for crime,) shall be There is not, perhaps, much of brilliancy, but a great
proinoiicu. . deal ot matter-ot-lact sense and sound knowledge;
Now, in order to manifest the assent of tlie nennte I and I predict that we shall form and send von a nniml
of this republic, as required in tlie above recited por- and sensible Constitution, free from the worst features
The New York News,' speaking of the new Post- soun compromise lice,' shall be admitted into the various subjects submitted. It called forth some d
office law, says :
We are hapy to learn, as we do at the Tost-office, that as yet there is but little if any faHinjr off from
the immense impulse at once given to Uie business of
the 1 ost-otlice Uepartment by the cheap postage law
which went into effect on the 1st instant. The
amount of correspondence between this city. Boston
and Philadelphia, has become- multiplied nearly five fold ; and that between New York ami all other points "has increased from three and a half to five hundred
per cent,' in the number oT letters.- The great differ-
ence proaucea oy me new law in the postage of let ters composed of more than one .sheet of paper, how
ever, occasions a diminution of revenue which the i? ..
numerciai increase oi letters, great as it is, as yet fails to meetf and a very large deficit in tlie gate receipts of the Department, for some months to
corne as compared with previous receipts, must be ex
pectca. a very short space of time will suffice, how
ever, to extend amongst and confirm in hundreds of
tftousancis of the inhabitants of our wide-spread re-
yuuui, pirii na a nauii or correspondence hither
icuuucu uj cAuruiuim postage a luxury altogether
ui expensive ;or general indurgence, which will not only make good all deficiencies from alt causes,-bui add greatly to the prosperity of the Department, as well as immeasurably to the prosperity aud'happines
uui iwcj.ijr iiiiuiirxsa ui lllliaonania.
1S-
tions of the said resolutions :
We, the deputies of tlie people of Texas in conven
tion assembled, in their name and by their authority.
do ordain and declare," that we assent to and accept the proposals, conditions, and guarantees contained
in tlie first and Fecond sections of the resolution cf
f . . . - I
:cs of the Uni
the Congrec
Green, the liefjrmed Gambler, is lecturing at Cleve
land. Jn speech at a temperance meeting, he crave
the following answer to one who asked him where he received his education : "Born a Buckeve. raieed a
Iloo-ier, took a Ienrn in Cincinnati jail, studied and
practiced gambling for twelve years on the Mbaisaip- Isaac W. Brahear,
pi, ana graauaiea in iexas : Alexander MeGowan.
rb.il.' M. Cany;
11. Lr. liunnels, Robert M. Forbes,' Sam. Lusk,
Jno. Caldwell; . Jose Antonio Navarro,
ueo. M. Brown, . Gustavus A. Everts, Lemuel Dale Evans, J. B. Miller, R. E. 1L Baylor,' J. S. May field, R. Bache,' James Love, Win. L. Hunter, John D. Anderson," - Isaac Farker, P. O. Lumpkin,
Francis Moore, sr.,
ited States aforesaid.'
TIIOS. J. RUSK,' Prtsident. George T." Wood, G. W. Wright," H. R. Latimer,.' John M. Lewis,
James Scott, Archibald McNeill, A. C. Horton, Israel Standcfer, Jos. L. Hogg, Ohas. S. Taylor," David Gcge, Henry S. Jewett,. ' Cavitt Armstrong, James Bower, Albert II. Latimer, Win. C. Young, J. Binckney Henderson,' Nicholas H. Darnell,' Emery Hain, A. W.O. Hicks; Jaiiics M. Burroughs,'
in me morning ana luajor Doncison arrived on
evening ot the. pth, having been detained at W
mgton by serious indisposition. These des
1 ' t. 4.
ot ultraism.
The terms of annexation are not, perhaps, such
as we naü a right to ass; but so anxious are we to
free tlie subject from further agitation in tlie United States, that no conditions whatever will bo annexed
to the , Constitution, differing from the resolution passed by the United States Congress.
.A despatch was received from the United States
the
ash
patches
relate to tho occupation ...of our frontier by your
troops, l hey are now on their march the foot by
water to I orpua Christi,' on . the wc6t bank of the
Nueces ; the dragoons by land to Snn Antonio
" The step is taken that will decide .Mexico in her policy. Foreign troops will soon be upon the soil she
claims, ller choice must be a declaration of war ;
or, li ene is wise, regulation, ö'ie may p.rrnure
money by the latter defeat and disgrace Only by the former. To-day a resolution was passed, requesting the President of the United States, fn behalf cf the people of Texas, to Fend troops furtliwitfi to our frontier. This resolution is a sanction", on tTie part
oi the people oi lexa, of t'.e movement noted above
The intrigue of those in power here, which in its commencement was advised by the ex-President, has bren dissipated by the jovvcr of the people. The Executive occupies no envied position ; 1 am inclined
June, July, or August, and but little from April to
Uctober. During the winter, rams are frequent. In
183:1, the coldest winter known, for thirteen days in
January, the thermometer averaged nineteen degrees
above zero.
"The climate between the ' California and Blue Mountains more nearly resembles that of New Eng
land ; there is, however, much less snow, and cattle are usually able to graze the whole season. Even in this region,' by the tenth of March, spring has so far
advanced, that flowers are in blossom, and vegetation is full eix weeks earlier than in tlie Atlantic States.
The quantity of rain is much less than on the coast. The least desirable part of the country lies betwixt
the Blue and l.ocky mountains. It is from to 250 miles in width, and extends the whole length of the Oregon territory. The atmosphere ja. extremely dry ; mere being no dew except in the vicinity of the mountains, and but little ram during a few days in spring. The temperature is variable. The nights are cold, the days warm. The thermometer at sunrise is sometimes 13 degrees, and before evening at
80 or IX) degrees above zero. (Mr. Wyeth's Me
moir. Une general remark will apply to the whole, which is, thät in each region, the mildness of the seasons is infinitely greater than in the corresponding latitudes and elevations in the valley of the Mississippi, or in the Atlantic States. In the. mountain region, even," when the highest peaks are covered with perpetual snows, the valleys at their feet are comparatively mild. (Pilcher's Narrative.) Although
tlie climate cannot be considered desirable as a whole.
there is nothing which will materially retard its set
tlcmcnt, or prevent its becoming the rival of tlie At
lantic btates.
The soil of Oregon is not uniform. The whole
country is marked with volcanic action. The region
between the California mountains and the Pacific, is
oesi aoapiea io agriculture. lhe productions are wheat,' barley, oats, rye, peas, and potatoes. Corn
docs riot succeed, and with few exceptions, is an un
proiiiaoie crop. cme portions or me country are
very fertile, and rival the beet lands of tlie Mississip
pi val!ey ; but these tracts are limited to the banks of
ihejrivers. : The second division of Orrron between the Call
forma. and lane r;dges, is. not well adapted for agri
cultural purposes ; but, ag.i.t.13 suited tor grazing, it must become an important part of tlie country. With
a moderate number of inhabitants- it .will produce a
great quantity of poik, beef, tallow and hides, for export or domestic uc. It is supposed that ehcep will
llourish as well here as in any part of the world.
has been restored to a specie level at a time of low prices, not to produce any actual change in prices, but to prevent those prices from becoming inflated by an undue expansion of tlie currency. There could not by any possibility be a more favorable moment than tlie present for such a movement. More especially as that the bank fever is again beginning to rage. In Pennsylvania, 3,500,000 of new capital is projected, and in Ohio, banks are crawling; into light, like reptiles in the sun. In all directions, a return to bank speculations is apparent, and the corrective of the Government should be applied before the evil srains head.
Debt of Texas. Major A. J Donelson, our Charge
d'Affairs to Texas has ascertained that tlie amount of bonds and notes now in circulation is not more than
five or six million. Ex-President Houston vouches
for the correctness of this statement. Hunt's Merchant's Magazine one of the most reliable authorities on such a subject states it at only $7, 109,000.
lhe Republic contains H0d,4d0,000 acres ot land;
of which 64,801,705 acres have been granted and
sold by Mexico and Texas, leaving 144,418,203 acres of land unappropriated.
Death of Gov. PorE, of Kt. Ex-Governor Tope
died at his residence in Washington county Ky., on
the 12ui inst. Ho had for many yeais been a prominent actor in tlie politics of tlie West, had been several times in Congress. Mr. Pope was a man of decided talent, intelligent, eloquent, adroit and indefa
tigable in a canvass, ever maintaining a strong per
sonal popularity by his open-handed kindness to the
poor aim .needy, but he was kept down by an instability of principle and an incapacity of adherence to any political association. Capital PoisnME-T.-The iYcir Hampshire Stales-
man says : "No man who votes for the abolition of the gallows, will ever commit a murder. It is tlie coward spirit that hates humanity enough to hang it by the aeck in co!d blood, that will murder under temptation. I will trust my life implicitly with tlie ten thousand in this State who went for the abolition of tho gallows. Men too tender of human life,' to hang a murderer, will never commit murder. .Murderers never think of the gallows, till after they have killed, and then they are more afraid of themselves than of that. They often run to the gallows for ro-. lief from themselves and from a murderous community around them." All Lands in Illinois forfeited to the State for taxes are to be sold in September next, without reservation, and iatents for them immediately issued. The oppressed condition of the farming population will be the cause of the great sacrifice in these sales. Much of the burden will fall upon large landed proprietors and non-resident?.
The Mint. The U. States have three mints for the coinage of money. One at Philadelphia, one in N. Carolina, and the other in New Orleans, aud although the two latter are called mints, yet they may be more justly considered as branches of tie parent institution at Philadelphia, established in that city almost immediately after the government was established. The coining of money is not generally understood, and the Philadelphia Chronicle has been at some pains to collect some account of the process. Bullion is brought to tlie Mint in every form ; amalgamations from the
ore, plate, jewelry, and foreign com. All these present a great variety as to its quality. The Assayer brings this heterogeneous mass into a proper condition and fineness for coining, and returns the metal ingots or small bars. These bars, or ingots, are then annealed, to soften them for rolling ; when they are passed through the rolling machine, worked by a steam engine, and come out in long thin strips of the width and thickness most convenient for use. In order to reduce these strips of metal to their proper size for the press, they are drawn through nicely graduated "drawing dies." In the next place they are passed through the cutting press, which is also moved by steam, the punch moves so rapidly that one hundred and sixty pieces, on an average, are cut in a minute. The pieces thus prepared are next pot into the milling machine, in which tlie edge, to afford protection to the surface of the coin, is forced upj In this machine, one hundred and twenty half dollars, or five hundred and sixty half dimes, can be milled ill a minute. The pieces of metal thus prepared are then tested as" to their weight, and, if found correct, are again softened for the dies. The stamping machine is moved, also, by steam power. The pieces are put into an inclined tube at one side of the machine, from whence they reach the coining dies in regular order, receive the impression, and fall into a box bclcw
upon the opposite side, a perfect coin, ready for circulation. The presses are of various sizes, to suit tlie various denominations of coin. The usual speed of striking is sixty pieces per minute for the half dollar, seventy-five for the quarter, and ninety for the dime. The Mint, with a few additional hands, is competent to coin ten millions, half gold and half silver i annually."
Inventor of the Chfrokee Alphabet. Tho last Cherokee Advocate contains a long notice of the wanderings and lact days of Sequoyah, or George Guess, the inventor of the Cherokee alphabet. Some time in the y.nr I? 12, accompanied by a few other Indians, he made a roving excursion into the Mexican territory, during which. time be suffered much by sickness, which finally overpowered his constitution ; and lie
died ia the town of San Fernando, August, 1 13.
, A Bridal Partt Drowned. On tlie 11th inst., J-Iiss Iiosalie Iluelbig, her mother, two sisters, and Miss Dresscl, were drowned in the Kaskaskia river Illinois, which they attempted V cross on their way to Prairie du Leng. Miss II. left home that morning, with a bridal party, to be married to Mr. E. II. Kcttler, who with Iiis friends was waiting at his residence some miles distant, to receive his bride.. Being alarmr ed at tlie delay, he proceeded to the river, where he saw the father of the young lady, who was on the river bank with the five corpses lying near him. Tho father was nearly frantic with grief. The corpses were taken to the house of the intended bridegroom, and the marriage festivities gave place to funeral rites.
Wintekivu Siieep. The Ohio Cultivator recommends farmers when hoeing their corn the last time,' to sow rye amnnj it at the rate of about half a bushelto the acre. This will grow about knee high before the winter, and theep will feed upon it all winter and, want no other rare, except a good elied to run under, in stormy weather.. ;ln the sj-afcity of hay this seasoil, the eucs-tion may be worth minding.