Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 4, Number 35, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 February 1845 — Page 1

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THE STATE SENTINEL Weekly Is published every Thursday (fice on Illinois St.; Secfnd Block North of Washington. C3"The Slate Sentinel will contain a much larger amount of reading ndatter, on all subjects of general interest, than any other newspaper in Indiana. TERMS. Two dollars a year, always in advance. In no instance will more" than one number be sent till the monev is received. Subscribers will receive due

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OKEGOtf. &pccc2i oflrlr. M'rntwortli of Illinois In the I'. S. limine of Ileprcscjilntivcs, Jan. 27, Mr. Westworth said it was not his original intention to have said any thing in relation to tue merits of the bill before the House, for the rr-occupation of Oregon, at this stage of the question. A laugh. Mr. W. said gentlemen luighedat his word rc-occupation,which he used designedly, and he wanted gentlemen to understand its true meaning... If we ever did occupy Oregon (as all gentlemen will grant) it is certain we do uot occupy it now. And hence he wanted to re?capy it, to drive the Eritish out, and rightfully place

Americans in. lie was for ter.rins down the cross of

fit. George, and raising the stars and stripes in its 'Htead. Mr. W. said the question before the House, he knew, was a measure preliminary to action upon this gieat measure of re-occupation. He knew the bill before the House was introduced in good faith by bis Vrolleague, Mr. Douglas, believing it would be disjposed of in a few moments, and without serious oposition. But long speeches, comprehending a variety of subjects, had aires dy been made : and for fear,

as in former times, the House would never be nearer

the subject than it now was, he would submit a few remarks in relation to the bill itself. For twenty years, and upward, this question of organizing a government in Oregon had been agitated ; but yet there had never been any favorable action. Indeed there Lad never been a direct vote taken, whereby the nation could get at the sense of its representatives. The measure had always gone by on false issues, or been preceded by others of less importance in the end, though, perhaps, considered at the time of more immediate importance.

The Oregon question, somehow, had always been an unlucky one. There was always something ahead of it. Hence what he had to say he should say now.

lest legislative legerdemain should hinder the proper

bill from being called up, as was the case at the last

session.

un daturuay, we annexed a large tract, so lar as

the action of this House was concerned, to one extremity of our Union. Here is n v a proposition to

add to the other end, or rather to keep fro.n being ir

retrievably lost, what rightfully belonged to it. Mem

bers denied that the annexation of Texas was a sec

tional question, and contended that it was a national

one, and as such a measure they supported it. If the

friends of Texas now go for Oregon, they will show

conclusively that they are for reclaiming their own territory at whatever extremity of our Union it may

be, and thus prove conclusively that they care no more for slave territories than they do for free ones. The

opponents of Texas took ground that its annexation would add to the slave power of this country and

thereby disturb its present equilibrium. Even the

venerable gentlemnn from Mass ichusetts Mr. Adams

would be fr annexation under certain conditions,

were it not for slavery.- Now Oregon is north of the

Missouri compromise line, and slavery can never ex ist there. So, as he looked at it, Texas and Anti

Texas men would best preserve their character for patriotism and consistency by advocating all measures

for re-posscssing Oregon.

Mr. W. called upon whigs and democrats, upon

this great national question, involving our interests

and our honor, to forget all party feuds, and give

consolidated vote against any further encroachments

of the British upon American sou.

In a report made to this House upon the subject

now under discussion, by Mr. Baylies of Missachu-

selts, in ISZv, there can be found the following sen

tence ;

' The indifference of America stimulates the cupidity of Great Britain. Our neglect doubly tceakens cur own claim, and strengthens htrs ; and the day teilt soon arriee, ichen her title to this territory Kill be better than ours, unless our is earnestly and speedily enforced." Tiiis might then have seemed empty declamation, but who will say that time has not verified it all ! Great Britain never had a settlement on the Columbia nor any of its branches prior to 1910, ihe time Mr. Astor's settlement was commenced. And Mr. Madison looked upon tlte settlement with such a favorable eye, that in 1313, he ordered the frigate Adams thither; but the order was countermanded in consequence of the crew bving needed on Lake Onta

rio. This same year the fjrt fell into the hands of i the British, where it remained until it was surrender-' ed to us, under the first article of the treaty of Ghent. Thus in 1313 were we put in full possession. And these were the words : We, the undersigned, do, in conformity to the first article of the treaty of Ghent, restore to the government of the United Slates the settlement of Fort George, on the Columbia." Thus put in possession, how have we lost it T Certainly not by the treaty of 1313 for joint occupancy, for that treaty expressly declares that "the tmly ohjn I of the high contracting parties was to prevent disputes nnd differences among themselves." And, whilst treating oithe title. Lord Castlereagh ad.nitted our right to be the pariy in possession. And this bill prop Jscs nothing more than mere protection of the settlers in that pos-icssion have had since 1813 ; nothing more than Great Britain, the party rat of possession, has done for her citizens in Oregon long ajo. S.nce 1813, much has been said in relation to our

duty to the American citizens in Oregon, but nothing has been done. Able reports have been made to this

House, to two of which lie would call the attention

ofr members at their leasure that of Mr. Baylies,

just alluded to, and that of Mr. Cushing, our recent minister to China. Able speeches hive also been

- made, but there the matter has stopped. As early as 1320, Mr. Floyd, of Virginia, as chair

min of a committee of this House, mads an elabo

rate report on the propriety of extending the iurisd.c

tion of this country over the inhabitants of Oregon, which concluded With a bill for that purpose. That bill, like all its successors, was suffered ta lie on the table during the session. Next year the Navy com

missioners maae an estimate ot the expanse of trans

porting cannon and ammunition to the Columbia, and

this was all that was heard of the matter durin" that

or the succeeding session.

In 1323, a select committee was appointed by the

House, with instructions to inquire ii.to the expediency of occupying the mouth of the Columbia. This committee conferred with General Jesup, who recom

mended manning a iort at the mouth of the Columbia,

and establishing . cordon of posts between it and

Council Bluffs. He give, as a reason therefor, that

"present protection would be airurded to our traders

and, on tho expiration of the privilege granted to

British subjects to trada on the waters of the Columbia, wc should be enabled to REMOVE THEM from our territory, and to secure the whole trade to our Citizens." This suggestion was made in 1324 ; and it is valuable as shoeing it was the received opiaion, at that time, that the British only remained by our permission, and that, at the expiration of tfi3 treaty for joint occupancy, wo could 'REMOVE THEM from our territory." But nothing was done at this session. In 1324, President Monroe, ia his last annual message, urged the establishment of a military post at the mouth of the Columbia. , But no heed was given to him.

BY G. A. & J. r. CHAPMAN.

INDIANAPOLIS, FEBRUARY 20, 1845.

Volume IVs::::::Xumbcr 3-5.

DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES

ami 3Ieaurs. A simple and fnigal Government, confined within strict Constitution!! limits. A strict construction of the Constitution, and a sumption of doublful power. No National Eank to swindle tho laD-jrinj popula-

o connection between the government and bank. ( A Diplomacy, asking- for nothing but what is clear- , ly right and submitting to nothing wrong. i public debt, either by the GenerafUovennnent.

or Dy me öauis, except for objects of urgent necessity.

No assumption br the O

debts of the States, cither directly or indirectly, by a distribution of the proceed of the public lands. A Revenue tariff, discriminating in favor of the poor consumer instead of the rich capitalist.

aio extensive system ot internal itnprovement by the General Government, or by the States.

A constitutional barrier against improvident Stat a

loans.

The honest payment of our debts and the sacred preservation cf the public faith. A gradual return from a paper credit system. No grants of exclusive charters and privileges, by special legislation, to banks. Ko Connexion between Church and State No proscription for honest opinions. Fostering aid to public education. A progressive reformation of all abu-res.

President Adams renewed thia request ; and it was

in accordance therewith that Mr. Baylies, in 1ÄG,

made the report fron which ho had already quoted. But, as usual, nothing was dne at this Congress.

Mr. W. said he had thus reviewed all proceedings,

from the time we were put in possession up to the

ear 1827, when the article of joint occupation was

indefinitely continued in force, with power on the part

of either party to annul or abrogate it by giving

twelve months notice. .

From that tine to- the present, the proceeding of

Confess hava been pretty much the same as they

were for the ten years previous. Presidents have re

commended, and committees have favorably reported : and there the matter has ended. We have had talk

enough about this matter, and we now want action.

He would not speak of our title to this country be

cause he believed no American doubted it. lie heard

nearly all the debates in both branches of Congress at the last session, and he heard not a single person, whig or democrat, express a doubt as to our title to every inch of the territory up to the boundary estab

lished between us and Russia by the treaty ot ll-il.

That we were once in possession is equally ns clear,

he thought he had shown, as our title. And it is almost as clear tint we are now dispossessed. Indeed, one of the issues in the late canvas was the re-occupation or r-po?session of Oregon. That we became

dispossessed is altogether attributable to our indifference. Whilst we have been doing nothing, England has done everv thing. Whilst the American settler

has had to mope ah-ng at the rate of twenty miles a

day, without roadt' and through the domain of the

most savage Indians, Lngland, through her ships, has bren landing hor emigrants at the mouth of the Co

lumbia, surrounded by all the conveniences of I.fe.

Once dispossessed, the question arises, how can we

arrain "et possession ! Of course, he meant without

ence, it is the same as if it was all in her hands ; and, under it, our fur trade with Canton has been almost entirely cut off since 1813. We have lately made a treaty with the Chinese powers, and this is a matter of congratulation with all those who know any thing of it. But bow contingent would be its advantages (great as they are said to be) if Great Britain, now possessing the sovereignty cf New Holland and Van Dieman's Land, claiming that of the Sandwich Islands and aiming at that of China, should get possession of the ports of Oregon ! The whole Pacific coast would sojn be under tribute ti her. We are hearing much of Annexation, and shall probably hear more of it. And whilst our nation i agitated from ita centre to its extremities upon this

subject, should it not teach us one important lesson to cede away no more American sjil ! Supposing Mr. Clay's proposition had been accepted, and we had ceded away to Great Britain all our Orcg.ni territory north of 41) degrees, would he not be under the same obligation to re-annex it lhat we are to re-annex Texas ! And would the American settlers there ever rest contented until they were placed hack under their original rights and jurisdiction ! Thoe who know American patriotism . can best judge of this matter. And whilst we have so much to say about the import

ance of our obtaining full possession of the Gulf of Mexico, should we not be alarmed at tho prospect of

our losing all our possessions on the I acinc ! He

was lor lexas, out lie wa ijr Uregon too. lie was for extending the area of freedom, and ha believed

now was the "golden hour." His colleague fMr,

Douglass had told the House that he was for an ocean-bound republic. He agreed with him. But his

colleague did not present the contrast We are for

an ocean-bound instead of a British-bound republic.

Mr. W. said, many of this body would l.ve to heir

nothing of the time l st in waiting at Independence, . said to have any there. Now, then, is the time for Missouri, until a sufficient number his collected to ; action now the time to pass this u.U. War thera make up a safe caravan, to undertake so hazardous a will be none ; Lord Brougham thinks it better to cede task, and overawe the Indians. Only think of it : I away whole territories rather than provoke a war with men, women, and children, forsaking tneir homes, J America. What Great Britain cannot get from us by bid lmg farewell to all the endearments of viety, j negotiation, she will not undertake by war. In all and setting out on a j mrney over two thousand miles, her negotiations with the United States she has upon a routs where they have to make their own road, : been remarkably successful. In war the case has construct their own bridges, Lew out their own boats, ' been reversed. A bill of this kind will show to

and ki!l their own meat ; where twenty miles is an her that we appreciate the Value of Oregon, and that

average day s travel, exposed to every variety of we are determined u protect our,, settler there, it weather, and the naked earth their only resting-place ! we, then, rescind the article of joint occupancy, it In sickness they have no physician ; in death there is will convince her that we mean to enforce our claim. ' no one to perform the t sad offices. Their bodies. She will then be a little more modest in her negntia-

are buried by the way side, to be exhumed and defiled' tion, and the matter be amicably adjusted, if thus

by the Indians, or devoured by the wolves. But yet . adjusted it evr can be. V e want no more child a there are dauntless spirits who will brave all this, and ; play about this matter. The period has arrived when Government ought to encourage them. our rights should either be enforced or abondoned. He knew there were those who say that these emi- Abandoned ! No, never whilst our bosoms are fired grants go to Oregon in view of all these consequences, , by the least spark of patriotism. When we consent and they need not go unless at their own option. 1 to let any rnorj of our territory go to Great Britain, There is no compulsory process ssrved upon them. ' let us consent to let all go. Wc want no more ccmTrue, sir v and there is no obligations en the part of promises of American soil no more dismemberments

our merchants to send their goods to sea. They kno. of our country. The spirit of philanthropy tells us

the dangers of the coast, and the dingers of the storm ; to enlarge, but not to dimjniMi in the least, the area

but yet, sir, we are continually constructing buoys, ! of freedom. Oregon being all ours, now is the golden beacons, light-houses and harbors, for their protection. ; hour for possessing it. And whilst we are struggling True, iir, and there is no compulsory proces to force to possess what our fathers wrongfully ceded away in the sailor on a voyage to sea. lis knows there are 1319, now that we see that the Briarian arms of pirates, and runs his own risk ; but yet we have our . England are extended to possess all of Oregon, our ships of war in every direction for his benefit. i action ought to be so decisive that our posterity canThere is an extent of country beyond the Rocky j not hereafter rise up and say that we lost Oregon by mountain? 850 mih-s long and 550 miles wide, cover-, our indifference and neglect.

- . . .I 1. J - 4. I f 1 1 ...I . 1

war. t orcible possession can, lie would say must De, I me souna irom ne cpeaKcr s cnair, - uie geniieman

. . .... j. - . . I C rr - TT . . 1 . t 1 - 1 . .1

resorted to where all other means idii. it

is a just

measure just t the American settler in Oregon, just

to our own interests and our own honor.

There may be those who may think that, before the

pas -age of 6uch a bill, the year's notice of our wish to annul and abrogate the treaty of joint occupation ought to be given. But if, under the provisions of this article. Great Britain can extend the jurisdiction

from Texas." He wanted them also to hear "the gentleman from Oregon." He would go further, and

have the gentlennn from ISova Scotia," 44 the gen

tleman from Canada" 44 the gentleman from Cuba,"

the gentleman fro;n Mexico," ay, even 44 the gen

tleman from Patagonia." He did not believe the God

of Heaven, when he crowned the American arms with

ing 500,000 square m.lcs, or 30O,0G0,OCO of acres. Tersons from personal observation report that for picturesque beauty, exuberent fertility, and salubrity of climate, no region of earth of equal extent surpasses the vales and table lands of Oregon. There the cattle graze all winter ; and it must eventually be

Why do we

of her laws over her citizens, can even arrest and

punish our citizens under that jurisdiction, can we not, under the same provisions, extend to our citizens our own protection treat them as American people

treading American so.l T If we have this right, then conies up the expediency of the measure under the

supposition that this attempt at djuble jurisdiction

would soon bring about a collision between British

and American aulhorilies. But "sufficient unto the

day is the evil thereof." Because a foreigu power has usurped jurisdiction over our countn, this is no

reason why we should fear and tremble" in anticipation of any collision among the authorities. But

if this collision docs ensue, it will only ehow the more urgent necessity of abrogating that article, which has been so ofien and so fruitlessly attempted. But the abrogation has always been hindered by some negotiation. And when, sir, will there not be,

judging the future by the past, some negotiation pend

ing on this matter ! IN ever, so long as things remain in their present condition whilst England has everything and we nothing so long as British laws and

British arms rule the country. He looked at this negotiation as all tantahzation something that never

is, but always is to be ; mere British legerdemain to swindle us out of the country. He was for the abro

gation of that article now, and should be ready to vote for it at any tim whether before or after the passage of this bill. The s .oner we do it the better

for our interest and our honor.

Eut it is argued that Englind would consider a notice of this abrogation would consider a compliance

with the provisions of one of our treaties equivalent

to a declaration of war. If she wouid consider it so

now, when would she consider it any less 1 Would

it De when there was no negotialion pending or in Contemplation ! When is this to be J He predicted

never, until we boldly asserted our rigiits and gave

the notice. Others say war will certainly grow out

of it, and we are in no preparation fr it. But are we not as well prepared as Great Britain, who has every thing to lose and nothing to gain ! War with

us would be a signal for the loss of Canada. The

star-spangled banner would wave in triumj-h over

Abraham's heights, and shouts of victory ring over

the graves of Wolf and Montgomery. There would

be no stopping to organize armies on this side : !u

at the first signal of war, our indignant citizens would

pour upjn Canada from Maine to Michigan, and overrun the country Lke a tornado. The Canadians themselves, half ripe fjr a revolt, would welcome tu the moment they would feel safe in so doin. And Great

Britain knows this. iNo, no: much as this nation of

hypocrites wauts Oregon, she would not go to war J with us for it. She knows us too well. She knows the soreness of feeling along our whole fronlier, en

gendered during the late Canadian troubles, t!;c burning of tlis Caroline, the murder of Durfoo, and the cap- ure of Grcgan. From some nations s'ic would take it at all hazard i. hi the ostentation of her hu

manity, sha could find some excuse for taking it from

weak nation. Under pretence of christianizing the

world, she is robbing every feeble nation of its terri

tory. Whilst prttend.ng to convert the Chinese, she make3 a market fur her opium; whilst profesjingto desire the abolition of slavery, she but s'eals our southern slaves to use in Canada W bind still tighter

the manacles of her white subjects. UnJer tha guie of philanthropy she strives to enslave the world. Tnis

nation will endeavor to rob us of Oregon, but not by war. Diplomacy is her gnme. She who had the" im

pudence to demand the joint navigation of the .'. Mississippi with us that we should recognise the Indians as independent powers and that we acknowledge her right to search our vessels, will not hesitate to demand any tiling, however unjut, whenever her avarice or ambition prompts her. She claims the whole of Oregon ; but unly demands all north of the Columbia, providing she can have the joint navigation of that river wiüi us. If she ought to hive any, she ought to have the whole. Her title to the whole territory is a gi d as it is to one single i jch between 42 degrees and 54 degrees 40 minutes. Fhe is willing, however, as a matter of compromise, to give us a small territory in the angle of Tugee's strait and the Pacific coast. Indeed, when worst comes to worst, I think she will compromise every thlnz for a icint

possession of the Columbia river and the straits of

Tuca. She who, in her designs. to tnondpolize tbi commerce of the world, and to dictate terms to every

nation, knows how to value St. Helena, Malta, and Gibraltar, aLo knows the value of the only river tf commercial importance emptying into the. Pacific north of Cape Horn. Great Britain got the Indias by setting out with two small trading posts lone. Give her these two points, and the cro s of St. George would float in triumph overy island in the Pacific. It U not so much a &v acres of land that Great Britain wants, as it is a monopoly of the furs of the northwest, the pearls and gold of Panama and Choco, minerals of Teru, hides of California, the whale fisheries, and, in fine, the whole trade of China, the Pacific islands and the w estern shore of Mexico and Central America. Our present joint jurisdiction is satisfactory enough to Great Eritain, because, in our indiffer

success, designed that the original States should be

the only abode of liberty on earth. On the contrary, j wheat, birley, oats, peas, apples, potatoes, and all

Let us loo!& into Futurity t

Sleep I There is in the Globe of the lGth ultimo, an inter esting article announcing the conclusion of a treaty of amitu and commcrcud intercourse between the

a very important country for its trade in hides, beef, ; United States and China, more favorable to us than tallow, &.C Pine and fir trees on the Columbia grow nny treaty as yet conceded by the celestials to any to the cnormou3 size of forty to fifty feet in circunifer- ( foreign people. This r.egotiitioa attracts great enc, and three hundred to three hundred and fifty feet ' attention throughout Europe, and particularly in in height it being sometimes one hundred and fifty j London and Paris. The English cabinet urges the feet to the branches. Although rather bad" for corn, pasha of Egypt to permit the construction of a rail (n ot worse, however, than many parts of New Hamp- ! road from Cairo to Suez, to aid her oriental Commerce, shire and Vermont,) vet it is well calculated for Tln ruhinots rtn the fontirtent o-innse thrse movpmrnts

From uPcter the Wise," tn BlackvooCt Magninc. A Cli Jptcr on 1'ools. And the doctor oft raid, that for hi part be thought Folks w eie nut much lb better fur wii.iotn men taughtAnd lhat mirr a Taitey UKacitj-morptr, Korctd to Lire on hit wisdom, would toon die of Lunger, That it cannot be wisdom in li'tle er grta. Who ruin themselves, or who ruin tlie Stale TLere re fool in their pudc.and foot in th ir paise. And fools without either that eft aie much wore. Theie are fools of pretention and foN of pretence.

roots mat can't understand even oinei folk a eusei Theie are hih finished "boobies, from eveir great school.

And many woise fooU in the tvoild than 4Tuni Fool ; For Tom waa the mciriest fool upon earth, Fut Folljr brought twin greatrr fKU at a bir'h Young Hope-fool ai.d Will-tal, fools cf the Gut witer, And at Utt, to beat all, the bore Spite-foot, a daahtet. Thrie are f-oU all for saving, and fools that all spend. And great fools that bonow, and gieater that lend' Fools that ruh into rrime to accumulate wealth. Fools that aqaander the Lest cf all tieasures, Ibeir health. Fools that batter the best things of life for a org. Fools cf lorers, whose folly but seldom lasts long; There ate fools that are tii gleand foal that ate wed, And fools have writ volumea that never were read. There ate fools loo, that read, and are never the wiser.

And mnj s the fool takes the rait of adviert There are fools to be woo'd, and still greater to weo ' And fools to give roguery plenty to do. Theie ate fool that abuse, and fools that appl.ud Great fools slay at home, and great fools go tbioad. And gieat fools return greater foo!: than they wcut. Their morals all got e and their moorjr all s-tjt Theie aie fools that sec diamonds ia Deibybirc spar And these ate the fools found at every bazaar Fools to be stared at, and f.-ol, too, to stare, And mothers, great fools, let then daughters be there. There are fools in the city of pleasure and trade. There are fools country gentlen.en a! ieafy-tnade ) treat fools of gieat fortunes Ioe life and tstaie, For the bunting a fix and the reaping a gate. There ate fools that aie young, and fools that grow old t

Some fools too genlle st-flie given to cold Some fifols th-it torment friends, childien and wives. And greater that plague themsritet out of their lives. I could tell of moie fools, without number or cr.d That with all this my telling I cevrr shall men 1 1 And perhaps lo-e myfelf, boih my sense and my labor, And per hap t -I am q-ute as great fool as my neighbor.

he only designed them as the great centre from which roots cultivated in the United States. So much for

civilization, religion, and liberty should radiate and ' its intrinsic value. Of its commercial importance he

radiate until the whole continent should bask in their

blesinirs.

Great Britain is satisfied with tilings as they are in

Oregon. She is doing well under the treaty of joint

had already spoken. There is danjre- of our losing

this country. We have only a nominal possession i now ; but yet there are American citizens willing to

; g there, and go, too, with a determination to own no

occupation ; and if she keeps on her present progress, 1 allegiance but that ot this country, bhall we sscure

and we in ours, (if tSat can be called propres "which them American rights when treading American soil ! goes backwards,) in less than ten years ßhe will have Shall we deny them our laws ay, s.r, our flag ! Our

manned a tort at every prominent point, and we shall ' action on tnis dui win say. i not have men enough acknowledging our allegiances Tbero an those who, on all rpiestions of policy in to hold the offices ; which certainly would be an I relation to the new States or Territories, are actuated anomaly. Hence he was for giving the notice, and I by the narrowly contracted notion that whatever benletting Great Britain understand, in the language of j efi'.s them tends so much to depopulate the old States. President Monroe, that the American continents are j Is this so ! Has either the emigration of our fathers, not henceforth to be considered as subjects for coloui- j or the emigration of the present day, injured in the zation for any European power." j leaat either France, Germany, England, Scotland or There are those, bowever, who contend that the j Ireland ! It has yet to appear. You may turn the giving this notice must be attended with a vast cx- tide of emigration, but you cannot stop it. If the pense, since we must prepare to take possession fore- adventurous frontiersman cannot go to Oregon, he ibly if we cannot get it peaceably. We must trans- will go somewhere else ; he will not be crowded ; he ! port troops and the munitions of war around Cope will not allow his game to be frightened by the clidk

Horn, or over the Rocky mountains. They prefer to 1 of his neighbor's rifle, nor the bark of his dog. He

wait, and contend that there will be American settlers enough Jiere to defend the country. Under this view of the case, what objection can there be to this bill, which propbs to do exactly by American citizens as Great Eritain is already doing by hers under the treaty of jint occupation, viz : to encourage people to go there and to protect them after they are there. The least that men can do who believe in our title in Oregon is to protect our settlers from the Indians on their route, so that our settlements inay,if possible, keep pace with those of Great Britain, and have a real instead of a nominal joint occupation. There are thousands upon thousands willing to run their risks in Oregon if Government will oniy secure them a safe pasare beyond the South Pas, the Thermopylae of the 'V est. He understood there were a thousand emigrants already enrolled to set out for Independence (Mo.) in the spring. He read what lA. Fremont said of Fort Laramie, which is 320 miles from the Pass, and 520 from the junction of the Platte and the Missouri. 4If it is in contemplation to keep open the communication with Oregon TarirUiry, a allow f tnilitaiy force in

this country i nbxolutely necessary, and a combination nf

advantages renders the neighborhood of Fort Laramie the most stii'nhlo place, n tlio lino of the Plane, for tha establishment f a military pout. It is connected willi the mouth of the Platte and the Upper Missouri by excellent roads, which are in frequent use, and would not in any u-ny interfere with the rnnge of the buffalo, on which the neighboring Indiana mainly depend fUi lupport. It would render any posts on the Lower Platte t.ntiecesiiry; Win ordinary communication between it and the

Missouri bi'inf utncieiit to control the mtermedmte Indians. It would operate effectually to prevent, any such coalition us are now formed among the Gnu Venire, Sioux, Chey-nne, tnd other Indians, and would keep ihn Oregon road throiinh the valley ol the Sweet Water and the South Pass of the mountains constantly open. A glance at the map which accompanies this report, will show that H lies at the foot of a broken and mountainous region, along which, by the establishment of small pvst, in the neif 1 1 bor hood of St. Vrain's fort, on the south lork

nf Platte, and Dent'a fort, on the Arkansas, a line of communication would be formed, by jood wauon roads, Willi our southern military posts, which would entirely command the mountain passes. Im!. I some nf the most troublesome tribes In check, and protect and facilitate our infercotirso with the neighboring Spanish settlement. The va'levs nf the rivers on which theV would be fitiiated are fertile: ihn country which Support immense herds

of buffalo, is admirably adapted to erain, and lienls of

entile might be maintained by the posts, or obtained from

tu OpuniKli country, which already supplies a portion of their provisions to the trading posts mentioned above.' Now the British have wormed themselves so far into the heart of the Oregon country as to have a fort within 250 miles cf this pa.-s, called Fort Hall. Who knows ho-.v long, it will be before they will claim the pass itself, as the circle of British encroachments i continually enlarging! x And when once there, in command of this little gap of 1&) feet, blocking up what nature designed as the central highway

of the world, who can predict the vast amount of

blood arid treasure it will take to dislodge her 1 Beyond Fort Hall at a suitable distance, is Fort Nez Perces, then Fort Vancouver, and then Fort George, making a chain of forts in a line from the pass to the Columbia, to siy nothing of other, ostensibly

manned to protect British traders and emigrants from

the Indians. But, in Case of a B idden outbreak, what

would be the effect of thee irilitary establishments i

Airain : in zoing to the pass, our settlers must

encounter many tribes of Indims, such as the Paw

nese, the Sioux, the Crow, Black Foot, Flatheads, &.c, all within the reach of annuities ; and it is weil

known that the British and Indians are always allies. They may be now at peace with the United States but their thievish and brutal propensities, and their treachery is well known. If our Governmect ,hnd a fort to protect them on their passage from the (odians, and, af:er their arrival, had two or three forts ja protect thera from the 'encroachments of the British and the Indians, their lot would still be hard enough. Twenty-five hundred mile3 is no easy journey, to say

had a friend who lived in Ohio, as long ago as it was

on the extreme frontier. 1 He had been moving and moving away from the inroads of society Until he had reached the banks of the Mississippi, and he was then about to move ngün. He asked him Lis reason. He

said it was the dying advice of his father 44 to keep twenty miles brrond law and calomel : and a doctor

and a lawyer were

thought it time to go."

said, no gentleman could live in a community after his wife could not invite every parson within five miles for fear her lg cabin would not contain them, j Tnere is a class of men wlv will be continually on the outskirts of civilized society. It is in vain for us to seek the teason. As well may wc ask why the water-fowl, hatched on land away from its specie, ! will reach its element or die. We may as well call it instinct, and let it go. Aside from the eccentric characters alluded to, the young men from the old States are continually seeking out new fields for the development of their talents. Their industry and enterprise make them explore every part of the world, j In many parts it is considered discreditable for a!

of England, and the Pasha dallies between the two

influences in order to vlvrk both.

Here is an extract from the official journal of France the Jim mal des Dibots : " European commerce U at present pressing towards the Indian ocean. The number of ships which now double Cape Horn and the Cape of (iood Hope, amounts to 3,tX)0, with a tonnage of l()0,(i00 tons. Tlte rapid progress nf the flourishing Dutch and English colonies in the Indian svaS, and the accelerated march of the productions of cotton in India, would be sufficient to rive even a more rapid increase tn this trade. What will

it be now that the great wn!l of China is removed, and ihnt the moment my be safely anticipated when, by fair means or force, a vast exchange will be established between European manufacturers and 300,000,000 inhabitants of the Celestial Empire? All amongst these 3,009 ships which return to Europe round the Cupe of Good Hope, would save by the piercing of the Isthmus of Suez, more than 3,000 league. For this reason a canal cannot be abandoned in In vor of a rail Wad, unless there be extraordinary difficulties." Now whilst the tyrannies of Europe and gypt are wrangling to out-wit each othe, and do jointly stccced in entangling oriental trade and retarding its developments the United States actually possess interests and advantages in the matter greater than the uhole cf them combined and how is this 1 Why the journey from New York to Canton by way of SL Louis, the Missouri, the Columbia and thence across

the Northern Pacific, is shortrr th in any road that the

1 his route is

Fluroi can jorccrs can possibly find!

u i. 7. .1-7-. e r. i ... . , i t

.1- c Pi ' 1 11 (J tit 1 1 1 I ILL iivi.il Ulli UUU C VlQbQVIU VI UJll 'CI . within fifteen miles and he lu;..'. -,a;p;.i.. r r...

Another of these adventurers , r.j. :.u .

X4.LQ cei-UJ iiiuii.ii uceau iiei.titrr puaie iior potentate, in the way. Passing through tiie bosoni t-T our

territory and across a single siretcn or ocean; oirectiy Le

on to the open coast of China, this route is the shortest, least obstructed, and best that exists between the Atlantic and any p rt ot China. , The posse -sion or this route by the Uuited States within her own domestic mansion, secluded and apart from any possibility of interference from any other power, on any contingency, places the sceptre of

Glimpses or Heaven. by kaVy ktt move nc "Tis like the lightning, thai hath retsed be. Ere we can say, 'It lightens." Shakrpeir. Glimpses of heaven ! oh, that I might behold you ! Might gaze, though but a moment, on vutir liht. And catch yuur glory, and in raptute fold you Within my heart, flowers that hould know no lliht Where shall I seek re ? many say they fiod you : e glimpses, visions, whatsoe'er ye are, lias any spell tf wandciing fatxy twined yon ALout the sudden flashing of a ttar When the red clouds s't stfnset put, tnd tbow us An iure streak, of purest, calmest light

When the bright dew-dops on ihe rarih below Us, A moment glitter in the sun-ray bri.ht; When gleams a fudJen moonbeam on the ocean. And I'gh's it for an instant in it sleep ; Theie is a f !impe of heaven in each emotun That tHri'.leih through the boium, pure and deep. And when the death of Some pale violet, blowing Aloie in autumn, through the heait doth bring, For one rast moment, a bright cut rent fit ing With all the light and radiancy of spriog i And when a strain of muic iu the even Stetls on the spiiit, lilt the slow teats stirt. Are not such moments glimpses, sent fr m hcaveo, To tight ihe da i It nets of the human heart Glimpses of heaven ! ye come, ye bless, ye leave us. Ere we can speak the ecsticy we feel Ye come, even earthly sorrow g-- io, Softening the anguish lhat ye cat. not hral t And ye are sent in your mil l ta 11 nice cften, To tt mpt as onwarl to your oative sphere. Where ye shall have no weary wo to sjftcn. And shine without the cbuls lhat bind yc here.

MiltonSj ÖPixidx of Mod;tt. In Comus, when the brothers are searching ia the woods for their sister, one of therri siys

I fear

some ii L-caccTiito Talcii attempt tbe peison

(Jf cur unowned sister." To which the "elder" (and wiser) brother replies : My sister i not so defrneeles li ft A you Imagine she has hidden itiength, Wh eh you remember not ' Tis Chaitt'y, my brother Cl atityi She ibat has lhat, i eUd in complete fleet (

savage fierce, bandi',or mountaineer, or even Dishop)

young man to settle down parents, as showing a lack and with some, the further

under the nose of his

onentai commerce in me rigni nanu oi me American i win H-ue ti oil h r iiin ouritv

people, without interfering with, consulting, or in any j So dear to Heaven is saintly Chitity, wav mentioning the Subject CUt of our own fami'u. That when a soul it found rinoerely o,

? " . . It .1 ...J IT... ..A aioali t.rl.. h.

1 IIIOUIIU Ii CI KU i";.ia mil;

ricing fjr ej eich thing tf sin and gutit.

Cox us, line 400, &.c

The negotiation iff. this treaty be! ween America J ?

and Lhma is a grana nrst step, u nas propeny neon

n. .t.n! wl . 1 1 !ii luifiviMin Mn. rrni'nrtimont nn1 Mm

fir TtlZTJZ!: Emperor, without mentioning the names of any body

..L. t else. - It is now ti

time for us to turu our attention to a

liroy tncimeives itei, aim ui Fnur u.c r r,. , of ,te tir0 pcnp1e whose or:rn

feel for thorn. Nme years ago, in almost the last fc shakc han,K place in ew Hampshire where snow capped the cir- ,p Amrcia le moxt esprcMy f fc r7,Vy cumambient mountains the year round, and where t.e j flf the Mis!ixfipri have neither the mind nor inter chief product was granite, (and that was so plen y it ; -m rcw to cease increasing in could not be given away.) l,e t occupied the same desk ; ?uUüonlhtCrni rmgnitude-but rather n pnnntrv crMnm.hriiw.f with a rniirilp nt rnnnT lafla ' r ' . -

whose mothers lud talien occasion to slur him for a want of enterprise in not having gone further than

Ilhno.s. In looking up thcäe lads, he found one taking an active part in tho Walhmcttc settlement in Oregon, to petition Congress for the passage of some iich bill as that now before us. The other is settled in Mexico, and is taking an active" part in the revolution against Santa Anna. Sir, we cannot stor) the

roving spirit of our young men, nor should we if we . 1J Tlmir it'ill nnt aottln Inwn und 3rvinll v I

VUUill. XlJtJ it III tiwfc cvfc" - -- .. those from a Yankee s'.ock, until they have first looked around ; and ha wished them, and invited them, to take a look at Oregrin (as the merchants have it) before they purchase el?ewhere. And he wanted the Government to guarantee to them that they should not lose their lives and their scalps in getting there, and should not be claimed .as British subjects. But he

ought here to allude to another class of our western pioneers. He alluded to the religious missionaries, who arc always ahead, paving the way for civilization, overcoming the prejudicies of the savage, and instilling into his bosom the principles of Christianity. Who has ever moved so far beyond the reach of organized governments that he has not found a Methodist minister preceding him ! He was willing that the oldest settlers of Iowa, Wisconsin, Texas, California or Oregon should answer this question.' Indeed, the first, and now the most important settlement in Oregon, that on the Wallamette, originated with a colony of Methodists from Boston. He was not denying to other denominations due credit in speeding the march cf civilization. The had each and every one

done good 6?rvice. But he spoke of the Metho

dist) because we are sure to find him threading t.ie wilderness in advance of all settlement whether we do others Or not. Sir, the tide of emigration has set tronrlv towards Oregon. Thoturh the route is a

perilous one; though, from exposure to every inclemency of the weather, they are liable td every disease,

yet emigrants are continually wending their way to Independence, and tarrying until enough for an emigrating party comes up. It cannot be possibla that these thousinds of our citizens on -ur own soil are to be abandoned to the merciless savage, or given up to

the British Government as adopted Untish citizens

N

to occupy new fields as cider ones become ovcrcbirged,

fail or cramp the popular energies. The next progressive step for whii-h the nation is. at this moment ready, the accomplishment of which i imminent, in favor of which we arc unanimous iji feeling, and from which we cannot escape or be driven, any more than the eun from rising when the morning has come, is to

plant ourSelve? on the Pacific, to deposit there the

l productions of the interior for distribution over the

oriental world, and rece.ve the manufactures, the specie, the groceries, the spices and the luxuries of the industrious people of the Asiatic continent. Why then do we sleep ! Why d es not the nation rouse, to expand itself upon this new trial! Why is cur government wrangling with tyrannies whom she has but to defy, to sd?nce!- Destiny has pencilled out the way wl have to gJ. Men who oppose the march of des'iny are crushed as ants beneath an avalanche. Those who cheer onward, urging the great work of progression and swim boldly with the current, become famous while they live and are canonized by posterity.

To the American race belongs the regeneration of the oriental world ! The omnipotent 6pell of equality travels with the eun. Who nhall stop it ? What can stop it! Let the people understand themselves, the vaslness of their fneans, the majesty of their energies: Let their government represent them in their strength and in their impulses! Virtue and valor are with them and success consecrates the work they are to do. Missovrian.

From the Farmers' Cabinet. MrsTARD Seed. We have recently purchased front J. II. Parmlee, of Ohio, a part of Lis crop of brown mustard seed, raided as he informed u, on twciifyseven acfe3 of good rich land, prepared with as much . care as is usually bestowed upon wheat laud. The seed, he says, was planted in rows, one foot apart orio way, and two the other. The crap was well worked during the season, and, when near ripe, waa cut with sickles, laid on shbeis or wagon cover?, hauled to the barn in the sheets; and there thrashed out and fanncdIle has delivered to us a part of the product of twehty-stven acres of land, one hundred and fourteen barrel, containing three hundred and eighty-two bush els and forty-five pounds of brown mustard seed.

weighing fifty-two and a half pounds per bushel, making twenty thousand one hundred pounds for which we paid Iiiin eight cents per pund, making $l,Cf 8 00 And he has, he Nay6. one hundred bushels of tailings, which he estimates wilj clean up seventy-Sve bushels say fifty pounds per, bushel, making three thou

sand seven hundred and Ltty pounds at eight cents - -- -- -- -- -

D00OO

Niagara. Fal!.s--.4 rvte Yankee in Ild'u. A cor

respondent of the Cincinnati Gazette, furnishes the fol-

lowing anecdote wnica orcurrcd in JNaplei: Vesuvius had been belching forth its Came and ! smoke all day, making the mountain tremble under its

terrific engine, and as night approacnea, oegan to light up the heavens with its lurid glow, when a. Neapolitan accosting an American traveller, exclaimed, ' Well," have you any tiling like that in America r No," replied th"? Yaukee, 41 but We have a mi.? dam that vould put it nut in fire minutes.

Civiuzat.ov.--A savage once said to a white man

ever will there be a more propitious lime lor our j who reproacneu mm wiui warning tne comcmu

. .t .1 4 ru k,.,,.'., ctninirih. nt cvMTti otir wno r in is SMT.t in laDorinir ur

acnon man uio prcseiju tu uuui umj omujm- i " i . , . . ,, ens the Tri'ieh power and weakens ours, if wc can be thc things we have learned to di very well without

Product of twenty-seven acres of brown mustard seed - Sl. 00 or 70 6G per acre. The t.me is not far distant, if not already at Lnd, when the interest of the American farmers will be best promoted by devoting a portion of their time and land to the raising of many crops which are now imported from, countries refusing (except when their own crops fail) the .surplus of the American farms, and thus not only raisa the prices of their grain crops by diminishing their quantity, but secure to themaelT'et a large amount of money whic'i is annually sent out of the country to purchase these crops ; mustard seed is on cf them, wnich Can be raised here to a prof.t. and for which; if the seed is delivered clean an iu good order, the demand will be found very active ar4 certain. Respectfully, C. J. FELL & BROTHER;

PmLAtELFntA, Sept 2e, 1944. Pbodtgt.- Josephine Er&mton, a child harVJy tea years of age, is creating a great deal cf excitement in muikal circles, bv her extraordinary f-erforrranc on the piano forte. She is assisted at her concerts, by a siiter aged six years. Tiiey pave an cn'erti.nuicnt at the Tabsrnacle, New York, on MntrJay night-fj-The London Times says that Gen. Jch?oa'a life ha neither "been useful or orr,a'ental.,!, Tlx

Columbian Register

a!mit it is " iUuslrclcd

thinks however, the T.tnes will