Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 4, Number 30, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 January 1845 — Page 4

IK Dl A X A S i ATE S K T1 iNEL. By Thomas L. Smith, Eso,., of Xcw Alany, on the occasion of Vie Annictr$-try of the Uitlle of At-iff Orleans', deticred in fit lid! of the Ihuse tf lleprsentatites, Iiidiamtjiolis,' cn the Qlh of January. 1510. . - . Mb: FncsiDEXT and Gextleme.v: ' Many of you will donbtlcsi remember, that we met

together m this Hill, one year ag It was here the democracy of the State assembled on that occasion. It was here, we braced on our armor, and unfurled the broad banner,- under which we raided, for one of thej

most memorable political contests "in the history cf ; enjoy this right.' - the country. The year has rolled around, and we; But I do not intend to enter into an examination of Wve returned again, but under what difH rent cir-.thir- question. No. tbntUe. great battle of the late cumstances! Then, (lie busy .'notes cT preparati- m oc- year" is o'er, I shall not, upon the present occasion, rupied our thoughts, and the doubts and fears incident d .veil, at length, upon the elements wLieh entered into 'to so important a struggle, could net "but rill our minds -the contest. -This day has, by long us? ge and the 'with uneasiness and' apprehension. Now, all the' common con -cut of the party to. which we. belong, clwids that lowered over our hopes, are scattered away, j been appropriated to a mixed purpose. That lllustniVul frlorions v'n-fnrv ri warded our exertion. We i Ous chief, who was the prominent actor in those efreat

have, indeed, abundant cause for joyful congratula Hon. - There were many circumstances connected with the late contest, of which we may be justly proud. .We went forth to the battle, with our principles broadly inscribed upon our banners. Placing our trusr, iu the nonesty and intelligence of the people, it was our chief care, that the objects we were contending for, should be thoroughly d.scusscd and clearly manifested. Upon thoic principles, alone, tt;d we rely. We called to our assistance no adventitious aid, but seJec!;ij foT our standard .bearer, a man, only known fir. his pure life, and his able and consistent maintenance of those principles, we appealed to our countrymen to sustain him upon thohe grounds alone. Our victory is, therefore, a triumph of principle, secured y honest means ; and as such, it is the more valuable, and more l.kcly tobe permanent. X,ct us recur, for a moment, to those principles. They are the great conservatives of cur republican institutions, and, as I honestly believe, uki their successful maintenance "depends the continued w elfare and prosperity of the country. Tiicy consist, briefly, in The maintenance tf thz jmtutar son rcignty, and of an equality of It gal rights and jrirüegcs anon fit clL the jeople. These objects ate sufficiently secured bj cur present constitution ; provided, the provisions ot that instrument are strictly adhered to. We are, therefore, strict constructionists." We look, firstly, to the safeguards of the constitution, and secondly, to the ljVs of natural equity and justice, for tests, by which to form our judgment of public measures. There is this dilFjrenco in the position of the demrraU in tiiii country, and of those in other parts of the world, that while the latter are striving to, wrest their natural rights from the oppressors who hold them in subjection, the former are endeavoring to preserve these they have already acquired. We are, therefore? always on the defensive. When the necessity for resistance ceases, we have no longer occasion for party, organization. Put such has never been the case. There Las always been a party in the country, formidable " from it talents, its wealth, and its numbers, who would render that instrument merely a dead letter, by exercising powers not granted by it, or by forced constructions, violating its meaning and the intcntions of its authors. Such is the case in reference to the various questions upon which the two great parties have been divided. . ' jXo man can find any direct power in the constitution cither to charter a bank, to tax one portion of the people for the purpose of giving a bounty to another, ' or to collect money, under any pretence whatever, from the public, wit!i a view of distributing it out again to the people, or the States, as a gift. All these powers "are attempted to be carried into operation by constructions. We op;)8e thctn ; and one reason for our op- . position is, that it is dangeroua to permit the exercise of tiiis kind of constructive powers. If it is done for om purpose, it will be for others, and the barrier once broken through, would be altogether . useless. Each set of men who might happen to be temporarily in power, would always find plausible reasons, for "construing the constitution to suit any purpose they might have in view; we opposo these measures, also, because they are, iu themselves, unjust, unequal and Oppressive in their operation; and it is one of the . strongest imaginable proofs of the wisdom and forethought of those who framed that admirable instrument, that all the assumptions of power, and all the obnoxious measures, we have contended against, as a party, trill be found, on strict examination, to be unconstitutional. There is an obvious distinction between a principle and a measure, and yet they arc continually confounded, especially by our opronents. A principle, I understand to be a fundamental rule, sentiment, or opinion.' Apolitical principle, in its usual application, is not only a fixed ru'e, but one having some relation to t!ie structure, or mode of government, in the community whore it is entertained. Mere truisms, or abstract theories, having no such relatio", can never form the basis of permanent party organization. There are three primary modes of government known in the civilized world. The despotic, wher-2 one man has unlimited authority, the aristocratic, where the powers as well a3 the "favors of government," are chiefly ton fer red upon t2r classes, as crati where th? liiühc r, more wealthy, or betthsy. are termed, and the demoall are equal, and all are entitled privileges. The last was, unqucsto the same tionamy, the pun upou which our government was organized; but there are, as unquestionably, many persons. m tho country who would .prefer the second, if they do not directly advocate such a p!an, they do so indirectly, by tupperting measures which would frantically change our democratic system, iuto one if the aristocratic character. " This diBerence of senti' mcnt was the true cause of the origin of our party divisions, and the antogonistical principles "which prevail in the country, must severally be referable to these two modes of government. There never has been, nor can there bo any. other, while this radical difference of sentiment exists, of Eulficient interest or.impnrtance to keep the vast masses of the people constantly divided, and arrayed in two great Losfcle par ties. . - - . ... These, principles were, during the late canvas?, thoroughly discussed, in rehtioatd the varices ifsucs which were presented before the public. We have been successful. The people, in the majesty of their power, have decided tlut democracy shall still con-' tinue predominant in' th'j government. We must not, however, for a moment, imagine, that our labors are at an end. We have Lad experience enough to denionstrate, that "the price of l.berfy is "eternal vigilance." If we would preserve those democratic institutions, which haye rendered bur country so prosjcrous and happy r we must be ever watchful. The firms of truth are irresistible, but they must be kept bright by constant uss. The great Creator has, in all things, placed the means of happiness within our reach, but imposed upon us the necessity of using them, if we would enjoy their benefits - The tendency which has ever existed in man to enslave bis fellows; is as active in this country as in any other, 8iid it is the more dangerous, because always insidious in its first movements. It progresses, step by stepf and by eteihh, and gradual encroachments, until it accumulates fuiScient power to cast aside the mask, and strike down the.remains cf liberty by open force. . We may be told, that there is no danger, that these are- merely idle suspicions, without foundation ; but history and experience teach us the contrary. How is it, that of the numerous nations of the world, .we alone are free 1 Can those who live under arbitrary governments cast ofT their shackks I ' iNo ; because they are so fettered and bound down, that it is .impossible to exert their natural powers. , Each link in the chain of oppression adds strenth to the oppressed and-weakens the oppressed. We should remember, that we fr ay not always have a Washington, a Jeilerson, or a' Jackson, in times of emergency, like those through winch, we have parsed. Every man should consider himself bound by the obligation of CÜ" peculiar social compact, to watch over, and. protect those rights, in which he, as well as every other individual, is equally interested, and to resist in the very comrnenccuht, the slightest attempt at encroachmont npon them. - ' We may prceite the nrceity'. for this continued watchfulness, not only la the history of. other nations, but in our own daily experience. - No sooner do we meet and Vanquish our opponents' in one shape, than they appear in another. Scarcely hns the din of the late contest subsided, before we perceive their defeated legions reorganising on J preparing for another B'rtiggle. Uf:dcr new colors, anal new pretences, it requires no great acutencas of oLcrrvr.tion to discover, that it is the fame cnemv. aiming at the same ultimate objects. Under cover of a specious pretcxtt a portion cf them, at least, ere endeavoring to make one ttcp

to.vard the ace ompiLLuji.1 of an object they have sJways Lad at heart ; tamely, an abridgement of the right of suffrage. : Every human institution has its imperfections; but the right of universal suffrage, is assuredly, the lest and most valuable security of l.beriy. " It may, sometimes, be exercised unwisely, ignoranily, or corruptly; but, upon the whole, we have fvuod, from practical experience, thatthe evils resulting from its establishment t-car no comparison to the benefit. But surrnse we attempt to abridge tiiis right

for such icasons, where shill we draw the line ! If ignorance is good cause for exclusion in one instance, it is ii another; and the principle immediately leads us to the doctrine1 ef the old f . -der a lists, who always contend" that all the laboring classes were .unfit to even's, which rendered it to glorious in the annals of our country, became in after Hfe so identified with the principles upon which our political organization is bated, that we have deemed it the mort appropriate mode of manifesting our regard Tor his character and services, to linke Ulis anniversary conducive, as far as we properly may, to the" advancement of those great political trutlis, which he so honorably tavtained in civil life, and which we sincerely believe to be essential to the preservation of our liberties. J We may now, however, rest, at least for a short season, from the details of party . argumeut ; and at this time, it will be peculiarly gratifying to repair to the quiet shades of the Hermitage, and contemplate the character and career of that remarkable man, wl psename is so inseparably connected with the glory of this day. There, in a body frail with age and infirmity, and in calm and christian patience, awaiting the summons of his (Jod, sill dw ells the mighty mind of one who is deeply fixed in the hearts of his countrymen. Now that the acerbity of party str.fe has, in some measure, passed away, I may say without danger of contradiction, that a heart more purely devoted to' its country's welfare, never beat in human bo3om, than the heart of that venerable man. I am sure the time is fast approaching, when no man who values the esteem of his fellow-citizens, will venture to say aught againt the name and fame cf Andrew Jackson. Looking bilk upon the history cf our country for the lust thirity years, through tl-2se misty shadows which Time casts upon all human actions, we jercicve the well known features of that now aged chief, figuring, in bold and prominent relief, in all those eras, which wc regard as important and eventful." Dil the war whoop startle the lonely settler upon our southern frontier, and the distracted mother, clasping her trembling children in her arms, fly from the burning brand and gleaming knife of the infuriated . savage; to whom did they look for safety and for 6uceor ! It was to him that brave and energetic man. Then, at the signal of alarm, issuing frcm the quiet retreats of the Hermitage, he appears upon the scene the horrors of savage warfare pass away the painted warri rs of the wilderness, repelled by his vigorous arm, fly to their distant coverts, and peace, and security assume the place of cruel war. . But Low shall I attempt to paint that scene, one of the brightest in the annals of our country, from which originated the observance cf this anniversary. It is superfluous in this day, or iu this age, to repeat to my countrymen, the story of the great victory of New Orleans ; or to tell them who was the master spirit of that noble army, that met, and vanquished, the proud hosts of Pritain on the banks of the Mississippi. Al most every neighborhood in this State, has its representativesthere are some here to-day, w ho were present on that glorious occasion, and who can repeat the particulars, Eiore faithfully, and vividly than I could do. ' , Put we cannot pass ' over an occasion like the present, without alluding, at least, to that great victory. I would not indeed, omit a passing tribute, however inadequate it may appear in my feeble language, to all those brave men, who in that hour of imminent danger, so signally manifested their patriotism and devotion to their country. The -young We?t, wa then engaged in an arduous struggle for self-preservation. The war bore heavily upon its people cn every hand. Unceasing dcminds were made upon their bravery and patriotism. ' Gloom, and despondency, seemed to have settled upon the " whole Union ; and while the British lion wes ravaging the East, consigning our capitol to the flames, and plundering our towns and cities, the tomahawk and scalping knifi of the Indian savage, was red with the blood of the inhabitants of the western frontier. - In tho midst of all the troubles consequent upon these disastrous times,; came the news of the invasion cf Louisiana. Soon as the alarm was spread, the brave people of the West, forgetting their own difficulties and dangers, as?embled from every quarter, to prepare for the defence of that distant State. Fifteen hundred miles, down the Mississippi and its tributaries, they patiently wended their way, to risk their health and lives, for the preservation of the emporium of the South. ' - " " - ; ' - r.Ieanwhi'c, ä British fleet had appeared in the Gulf ot Alexico. freighted with the chivalry of England. iSapolecn Lad fallen at last, before the combined ar mies of Europe, and the conquerors of Spain, vtte rans in war, and flushed with recent victory over th greatest warrior ct the oge, came careering on, in the expectation of enjoying a 7ere expedition of pleasure, after the hardships they had recently en countered, rar as the eve could reach, the white sails of theif ships dotted over the. surface of the ocean, and tho wassail song and merry ic?t resounded from the exhilarated rroui.-s upon their declis. Ah little d;d those brave men dream, when the long wish ed for land appeared upon the horizon, and they con tcmplatcd with joyous spirits the long lo llrieof our southern coast, of the reception that there awaited them. . Litlle did they know of the valor and patriotism that animated the bosoms of men who fought for the defence of their own soil, or of that man cf iron n2rvc and lion heart, whom Providence had reared up to save las country in thit emergency. Little did they imagine, when the bright waves of the Gulf sparkled in the genial beams of a southern sun, and seemed to reflect in thc.r dancing, waters, the bright ness and gaiety of their own ,spirit3, that so mam hundreds of that proud army would in a few days lie down upon tho field of xev Orleans, not in the arms of beauty, but in the cold embrace of Death. Put I need not recur, to the partiulars of the great battle of the fcth-of January, or to iü results They arc too indelibly impressed upon the minds of the present generation to require ao;y recapitulation May they ever -be renumbered wLh gratitude and honor to thoss brave m?n who participated in the glo rious victory ot tliat memorable day - Put however brilliant has been the military career of Andrew Jackson, his civil services Lave not been less brilliant and important. .Although perhaps," the time has not yet arrived when full jusace can be done to his character, I dj not think it will bo out cf place on this occasion, td pass in bri?f review, some of tho most remarkable events of his political Lfe. The present generation' has, to some extent at least, done the work which in ordinary cases could oulv be ex pected of posterity. . Notwithstanding tho bitterness and virulence of the party strife which raged around biro, during the eight years of his administration at the head of the government, there are now few, even of his most violent opponents, who are not constrain ed to admit that he was actuated by pure motives, and an ardent and patriotic devotion to the welfare of the country Let 3 piss on then," to other fcop.cs, not so brilliant perhaps, but equally if not more instructive and im portant. Passing over the memorable elections of 1321 and let us recr.l ?oine of those when seat ed in the Presidential chair, tho question relative to the roeharter of the United State. Bank, occupied the public mind. Oh ' what commotion, and turmoil and bitter vituperation" followed his veto of that , institution.Then all tho moneyed m-m, and stockholders of banks r.nd corporations, and all those who lived by speculation on the labor of oihers, ft.impcd their feet, and rnged, and cursed Lim i-i their hearts, and they turned their screws upon tlioir debtors, to make them do so likewiRo. Never did the ptrsnny waves of political excitement r.ce so liih, nnd nge so violently. And faithful to his trust, whfn friends and followers, frightened ct the dorm, deserted Lim, lie still held on his courre inflexible- and t:ndi.mayrd. The iimnster Brink put forth iis gigantic, strength to hurl Li in from his seat. Panics and rx pans, on s of tho currency followed each other in rapid succcFsion, no;v compress mr its debtors to mike them cry out nirainst him in the extremity of their distrs, und now" pouring out ita means with lavish prodigal.ty, to encircle new vic-

tims in it coils, or to strengthen the ranks cf its friends by the power cf its corruption?. Conspicuously prominent in these scenes we behold another 'personage another President. Then there were two iYesidents, a President tf the people, tnd a President f the Tank. There was open war of doubtful termination, tie Tank and its President on the one hand, and the people and their President on the other. ' That President cf the Tank was a remark

able individual. A lnau of genius and learning, of trroud and renerous sp irit.. lie was dignified in hia deportment, and graceful in Lis" carriage. There were : few men tf finer personal appearance or more cttract;ve manners.' In those days, he was the idol oi his ys. party, .the observed of all observers. His financiul 1 --11 abilities formed t!ie constant thciua of every tongue. It wus rank heresy to doubt even, his cpaciiy to manage the affairs vf the institution ever w!T;"Sh he presided, his integrity, or h: Lonor. Let us pau-?e for a moment, to consider wliat change the lapse of a few. Khort years has made in the principal features of this scene. The turmoil has subsid ed, the angry passions of men, arouj jd by that furi ous stnfe, Lave cooled down, and passed avay but what has been the result cs to those two prominent acters ! The cne still live.5 in the calm retirement of declining nge, beloved and venerated by all his countrymen ; but the other, ah t where is he 1 He lias gone down to a miserable grave, cursed by the orphan's tear and the widow's moan. Crushed bertcth the wreck of that montruus institution, whose means and powers he Lad exLaustcd in wild and phrenzied efforts to corrupt and break down the institutions of his country, Le fell at last, overwhelmed with universal execration. - I would not attempt to draw th:3 comparison for the mere purple of gratifying personal or patty feelings. I trust you will give me credit for beticr motives. It affords', as I couceive, a moral lesson which should strike deep into the mind of every citizen. The man of pure heart and just principle has nothing to fear from the purifying Land of Tune. On the contrary, his character shines the brighter, the longer it is exposed to public scrutiny but the representative of a false principle must inevitably fall w ith the temporary delusion on which it is based. Mr. B;dt!le was probably, by nature, all that Lh friends represented him. It is to the institution and not the man, that wc should properly charge the evils that resulted from its corrupt course, and disastrous termination. - Wc are sometirnes told, that the result would have been dilFcrent under honest management, that such an institution under the control of able and faithful managers, could bo made great-y conducive to the public interest, and at the same time -would be free from the danger of those corruptions and abuses which, it is now. generally admitted, were justly chargeable to the old Bank of the United States. But where pould vvfe fir.d such men 1 Where could a man be found, enjoying the confidence of his party to a greater degree than Mr. piddle ! Unhappily, all mankind are fallible, and few, and rare indeed, are the exceptions to the general rule, t.'iat all are liable to be misled b' strong temptations. Nor have wc any certain test by which to discover ' such exceptions, if they do exist, except by trial; and by that mode of experiment, the injury is consummated before the discovery is made. It is manifest, therefore; upon general considerations, that the safe and sure policy is to run no such risks, especially when there is no imperative necessity for doing so, and when the failure may be attended with such disastrous consequences to the wLole community. . The bank question was undoubtedly the most im portant, and by far the most interesting in its effects and consequence s, of any which arose during the administration of General Jackson. . It was the agitation cf tliis, question which gave the first impulse to the rise and progress of what Las been called by our opponents, modem democracy. v e carehttle lor appellations -it is by their substantial effects that things will Le judged by reasonable r'ien.' Modern democra cy is but ancient democracy revivified and awakened. Confiding too much in its own strength and resources. democracy had been sleeping since the termination cf the late war, and during its slumbers, the ever wakeful spirit of aristocratic encroachment had been gradually winding its coils around the government, until it required all the moral courage and strength of Jackeon, and that backed by a largo popular majority, to cast them off. The attempt to do so convulsed the country, nnd occasioned all the commotions which marked his administration. . - The Bank had not attracted much of public atten tion in a political point of view, until it was pointed out by his paternal and warning voice, as an unsafe and dangerous institution, lue consequences that ensued, immediately proved that Lo was right, and that they were no vain or imaginary fears that actuated him in doing so. Setting aside the question of right and wrong in the commencement, as to the contest which aroc, the simple . fact, that the bank possessed the ability to wage such a contest, was abun dant evidence that it possessed all the dangerous quali ties that Lad been attributed to it, nnd that its contnuance was incompatible with the liberty of the pcrple, tnd the nature and genius of our political sys tem- " , . ' " It was instantly percived that a nioncved power, per fectly irresponsible to the people, had silently grown up in their midst, wluch could enter the political arena and wage equal or doubtful warfare with their own constituted authorities. They suw that all the mone tary interests of the country were, to a greater or less extent, under the control of this institution ; that the prices of all artick'3 of commerce, nnd all the products of labor, rose and fell at its bidd.ng ; and that in a werd, individual prosperity was no longer dependant on indus'ry, skill, and enterprise, but on the secret movements of a conclave cf bank directors. Such powers were cs hostile to all the principles of democracy, as they were congenial to the sentiments and Views of those who leaned towards an aristocracy. This contest, therefore, operated as a decisive test ot the political principles of those w ho were disposed to take part in it, and the natural consequence was, that the old party lines winch had been partially broken up, were immediately restored. A section of the old föderal party, which had supported General Jackson from a spirit of 'personal hostility to Mr. Adam, went back to their old camp, and tnony individuals who had opposed his election, but who were democrats in priuci-' pie, rallied to his support. Thus did the iruultvn democracy form around their patriotic Chief Magistrate, ! and from that moment he became identified with their principles', and dependent cn them alone, for encour-1 agement and support." '- " . " With on issue thus distinctly tendered and accepted, and parties thus arrayed. General Jackson was again before the people a candidate for their support in 1 He had d.stihctly announced his unalterable determination never to sanction, by Lis aprroval, the continuance of that institution, or the establishment ofanybankof a similar character. Although, perhaps other considerations may have operated on the election of that year, to some extent, that relating to the roeharter of the bank was the great and all absorbing question. - The result was universally looked to as a test of the popular will in reference to that subject. The decision is well known ; .but the bank instead of quietly acquL-scing, immediately prepared for a still more formidable struggle. Terceiving this, and conceiving himself bound, both by his own sense of duty, fand by the . expressed will of the people, to adopt all reasonable means cf precaution, a measure was resorted to which, at that time, created great sensationnamely, the REMOVAL OF TUE DEPOSITES. -This step was deemed necessary for three reasons, first, the security of the public moneys, second, the establishment of some convenient and proper method of collecting, and disbursing the revenue before the charter of the lank should expire, and third, to preunt that institution from using the public funds as a means of carrying on the warfare it was then openly waging against the government. No sooner was this measure adopted, than a scene ensued which baffles all description. The turbid waters cf political exciicment, which cerneu before to have been lashed into the utmost fury of which they were susceptible, now raged with tenfold violence. The President was assailed with unexampled ferocity. His own cabinet quailed beneath the storm. The panic system was cgain resorted to with extra accompanymcnts. . The emissaries and advocates of the bank traversed the country in all directions, filling fne public ear with imaginary fears and alarms innumerable.. Prophesies cf dark and evil omen were thundered in the Lall of the Senate at Washington, aud reechoed throughout the land. It was announced that we were in the midst of a revolution "tioodhss as yet," intimating that it would not Ior.g be bloodless, nnd that in a few months " general ruin " would " stalk over the land." The" patriotic President" vasv compared With Cromwell, Cü-sar Caligula, 'cro, and all other tyrants tnd usurpers prominent in history. ' Every mail brought letters threatening him with ussassiria-

tion. He was subjected to gross and personal insults, and the contemptible perpetrators were rewarded with public dinners and general applause by that party which claims to include within itself all the respectability of the country. It was proclaimed that bodies of armed troops were about to march to Washington for the purpose of dragging him from . the presidential chair. Prodigious efforts were made by the banki with it hundred of subservient Stite link.

its legions of prcscs, and its thousands of tatelites 'and dependents to convulse the currency, fan nr tlse 'embers cf discord, .and realise the evil predictions which had been made. Accordingly great monetary distress was produced property la nil kindJ was ceJ.i 1 .1... . . . . prcsco, ana mc peopjo were toid mal notu.ng could restore prosperity but the restoration of the depositcs, and the rcchartcr of the Bank. By these means more tlian one hundred thousand people were prevailed upon to sign petitions and mnnorials praying Congros to bow the knee to Baal, end submit to the demands of the all powerful dictator. . ' . .' Deeply as the venerable President must Lave felt the eatress thus brought tuxri his ccuntrvmeri. he tipcrt h.s countrymen, could not but perceive in all these movements addi ticnal and imperative reasons to pursue, with unflinching firmness the straight forward path cf principle and duty. The disease had progressed so far, that it was cither extirpation or death, certain inevitable death to that liberty which had hitherto been the pride and boast of the western world. One fa!e step then, one moment's shrinking or giyiiig away before this tornado of wrath and vengeance, and the chains of the money king had been riveted forever. . Put there was no such fa dure faithful to his trust in this time of greatest .difficulty and danger, when anxiety nnd dismay almost paralysed the stoutest 'hearts; the pure patriot and incorruptible Statesman, stood firmly at the Lelm and guided the ship of State in safety through the storm. . ' -.'-.- ' , Those of you gentlemen who remember those times will bear me witness, that this is no exaggerated description. On the contrary, it is -but a very feeble and imperfect attempt to recal to our recollection some few cf those scenes in which tve were then participants, and in w hich the noble firmness and undaunted patriotism of our heroic chief, were so conspicuously displayed. At this short distance of lime even, it would appear astonishing to those who ere 'not familiar with the collateral facts and circumstances attending it, that so simple a matter as the removal by the government of its cwn funds irutn one place cf deposit to another, should have occasioned such violent commotions. . But the batik had already greatly exhausted its means by its previous expansions, and its enormous expenditures to corrupt the press and secure the serviT ccs of political partizans; ant! it therefore rcquinH these depositcs m its future ojerations for the scandalous purpose cf corrupting the people with their own money. In order to. increase the amount of public money which would remain at its disposal, it had a short time before entered into secret negociations with the holders of our public debt in Europe, then ready to bo paid ofi", to induce them to withhold their bonds from presentation. Such an arrangement ns this would have left the large sums intended for the payment of this debt in the possession of the bank, and an agent was sent to England for that purpose, without the knowledge or approbation of the government. A variety t f concurrent facts, proved beyond the possibility of doubt, that the bank was concentrating all its energies for a renewal of the contest, and that these public deposits would be used as the means of forcing from the people a renewal of its charter. By this measure, therefore, its plans" were broken up and disarranged. In the language ofthat day, its fangs were drawn, and the monster writhed and raged accordingly. But there was another reason, independent of the political operations of the bank which perhaps should not be loot styht of. A system had gradually got into operation, than which nothing could Lave been better adapted to the interest cf the stockholders and favorites of the Bunk. A high tarirf, so counteracted by the expansion of the currency, that its chief effect was the production of a large amount of revenue, swelled those dcosit3 to a much larger sum than was necessary for the public use. Consequently there was always a surplus ot several millions, winch was used by the bank for the accommodation of its friends and the incrcuoo of its own piollts. r TLcjr Lad enjoyed this advantage until they had begun tö imagine it a species of 44 vested right," and became, perfectly furrious at the prospect of being deprived of it. Under the operation of this system, the agricultural interest was robbed, while the manufacturing was cheated, for the high taxes paid by the former, ostensibly for the benefits of the latter, only went to swell the amonnt received for revtnue, and to increase the depositcs in the vaults of the bank. The importation of foreign goods was not checked at all Ly.tho successive additions made to the tariff, during tho existence of the bank, because each successive increase w as met hy a corresponding expansion, which completely nulliricd it, so far as it operated as a protection to home manufactures. It is true, the consumers were obliged to pay higher prices, tut so were the manufacturers for their labor and materials, and the result was, they had no more advantage over tliö foreign manufacturer, than they had before. ' ' . - Gentlemen, I should occupy too much of your time, were I to attempt to advert to all the prominent measures of this administration. The bank question was; as 1 Lave already observed, the most important; but there were several others, which contributed to bring upon Gen. Jackson, still more cf that vindictive fur-, with which it is so characteristic of associated wealth, to pursue those who have sufficient firmness and independence, to stand in its way or oppose its views. Upen his veto cf the Maysville road bill, a fresh torrent of bitter vituperation was poured out upon the patriot chief. By this step a check was put .to projects, which under the pretence of promoting internal improvements, were calculated to open the door of the treasury, and invite a general scramble for appropriations of public money. This interposition on that occasion, saved the general government from the financial embarrassments, in which many of the states, our own among the number, were soon afterwards involved, by similar improvident projects. A bill for distributing the proceeds of the public lands, was another measure against w hich he interposed the executive veto. On all occasions we behold him standing firmly in the breach, whenever the right of the people, or the conservative powers of the constitution were assailed. ÜXobly was lie sustained by the affection and confidence 'of his fellow citizens; and mort nobly was their affection and confidence repaid. ' '' . " - ..-"' - In all this, can there now he any question as to the motives of the venerable patriot 1 , Had ambition any tiling to do with them J, No, gentlemen, had he been governed by sordid or interested motives, or even by the desire to preserve that fame he had already acquired by arduous services, safe and untarnished by the poisonous breath cf calumny and slander," he would not thus have voluntary encountered the unrelenting hate and bitter animosity of enemies so powerful and vindictive. He might have glided along through Lis administration with ease and tranquility. The measue cf his fame was full, he could have desired nothing more for himself, and he had no conceivable motive, to cast himself in his old age on the turbulent waters cf party strife, but-a conscientious sense of duty, and an ardent devotion to the liberty and the welfare of the country. One of the most common objections urged against his elevation to the presidency, was, that although he possessed grent 'military abilities, nobody could deny that, he was not a statesman; and especially, that he wa-j not sufficiently acquainted with the arts of diplomacy, to be entrusted to the management of our intricate relations with loreign countries. How has this opinion, so strenuously insisted Upon by his opponents been verified 1 A sufficient time has now elapsed, to enable us to look back to the period of his administration with impartiality and candor, nnd we can do so with the satisfactory assurance, that opinion, "his adversaries were as -grievously disappointed, as they were in many othcrs of their assertions. The domestic pro-poTity of the country, with, the exceptions of thc intervals of artificial panics, purposely created through the medium of bank expansions and contraction!, was never greater, and, certainly, our intercourse with foreign nations, was never more successfully conducted. Advantageous treaties were made with almost ' nil the principal nations of the world, and in several instances, negotiations which had been in progress for many years, and which seemed destined to be spun out to an interminable length, in the hands of thosa accomplished diplomatists, so mnch admired by tho.,e w ho made this objection, were, brought to a final and satisfactory close. The losses of citizens, incurred by the illegal seizure cf their vcsrcls during European wars, many of them of such long standing, that the 6ulTerers had given up ail hope cf rcdrces, were promptly recovered.

New and profitable channels of trade were opened" to the commercial interests, which previous administrations had vainly sought to secure. At no period in the history of tie country, was our national flag, or national character more highly estimated by foreign nations. There was iiot a corner cf the habitable globe, Lowtver distant and obscure, that the light of knowledge and civilitatlon Lad even jartially pene

trated, wLere the star spangltd banner was not honored and respected as the symbol cf a brave and niognan.mcus nation, powerful to protect and prompt to resent the injuries of its citizens.. In truth, General Jackson jossc6sed one golden rule, which was worth far mere than all the boasted arts cf diplomacy, namely, 44 to ask for nothing that was not right, and to submit to nothing that was wrong' and Le had the moral firmness and courage to adhere to and en force this rule under all circumstances, and the w orld kne v.' it. The character of the nation abroad, was naturally blended with that of its indomitable and incorruptible President, and the name of an American citizen, was a sure guaranty cf respect and consideration in every part of the world. " . - ' , . . Gentlemen, I Lave thought the time you have allotted me on this occasion, could not be better or more appropriately spent, than in endeavoring to recal to our recollections, some cf the services of the man, who, since the time of our revolutionary fathers, has been, perhaps, the most conspicuous in the eyes of his countrymen. His life has been as brilliant and glorious, as it Las been honorable and beneficial lo hia country. Providence Las dealt kindly w ith the venerable patriot. As in the case of .oilier national benefactors, slanders and detractions have been heaped upon him, Lis motives Lave been misinterpreted. Lis actions maligned and falsified. .But more' favored than most others of those great men who have experienced the biting sense of public ingratitude, he has been permitted to remain upon the scene, until he has witnessed one by one, lis injuries repaired, and his good name re-established. TLc cleuds w hich obscured Lis fame have passed away ere the shades -of death have closed around him ; and when at length, the -Almighty, Disposer of events, 6hall summon his immor'uil spirit to a better world, and his body shall go down to an honorable grave, the people of this vast country, will with one voice c:.claim, 44 Well done, thou good and faithful scrrant ! " .. " Put the greatest favor that could have been vouchsafed to Andrew Jackson, was th being permitted to witness the result of the late great contest. All the issues which, during las own time, had occasioned such vioknt agitations of the public mind, w ere now again renewed; aud all. the elements hostile to democracy, were again combined with all the factions reared up by local interests, and blind fanaticism in one last and furious attack upori the principles he so dearly cherished. What must have been his feelings during the progress of the conflict 1 He saw the gathering clouds he heard the coming storm, and the nged and time worn chief sent forth his venerated voice to cheer with his last breath,- the gathering armies cf democracy as they marched to the combat. It is perhaps the last time he will ever do so, but thank God ! he has lived to hear the shouts of 44 victory" I resounding through the land, and to see the principles to Y.-mch ne was sc arucnuy cevoteu, nrmiy re-estaD-lishcd in the hearts of the people, and in the administration of the government. Now, indeed, he may depart in peace "his work is done 4 the republic is safe." - . ' . . Gentlemen, when wc look back upon the scene through which we have so recently passed, and consider the obstacles against which we are oblidged to contend; the prodigious efforts made by our opponents ; their lavish expenditure of time and money ; their continual attempts to deceive the unsuspecting, and intimidate the fearful ; their unhesitating resort to all the arts and appliances that imicrupulous wealth Las ever at command; we feel a thrilling sense of prida and gratification, that the people of this vast country have once more proved themselves superior to the demoralizing influence of such means, and worthy to enjoy, as they are able to protect, the inestimable blessings ot Lberty and self-government. Wc have passed through an arduous contest ; but although we have had a rough and hazardous road to reach the point where we have arrived, wc have happily overcame all the obstacles, and have now a brcafl and level path before us. .As tho Ieraiditcs croeecd the Red Sea, so wc too have passed the raging waters, and Pharaoh andbis hosts lie scattered in the track behind us. Nay, we have passed through the wilderness, and our veteran hero has been permitted to witness our approach to the very borders of the bright and sunny land of promise, and now like the Israehtish leader, he is about to leave us. His course is near its close soon his voice will be no longer heard his presence no longer known amongst us. What shall we do to testify our regard for Iiis services, and our veneration for his virtue and patriotism ! Let us resolve that we will stand by the constitution cf our country ; that we will strictly regard its sacred provisions ; and that we will resist forever all attempts to 6tretch, or alter, or amend, either by construction or otherwise, those great leading articles which are intended to secure the sovereignty cf the people, and equality of rights amongst aI the citizens. I believe thst such a resolution as this, made with sincerity of heart, and energetic purpose, will be the most accept able oblation to the passing chieftain, it is now in our power to offer. . If wc do so, we may confidently' anticipate that our beloved country will long remain the chosen abode of liberty. We are beyond the reach ol loreign enemies, it rests with ourselves alone to preserve and perpetuate the inestimable blessings of freedom and prosperity. - God grant that we may never prove recreant to the sacred trust which has been committed to us. - v "... , - Coolness. Our nearest neighbor, says Sam Stick, was squire Teleg Sanford ; well, the old squire, and all his family was all of them the most awful passionate folks that ever lived, when they chose, and then they could keep in their temper, and be as cool at other times as cucumbers! One night old Pelcg, as he was called, told Lis son Gucom, a boy of fourteen years old, to go and bring in a backlog for the fire. 44 A backlog, you know, Squire, in a wood fire, is always the biggest stick that one can find or carry. . 44 Well as soon as Gucom goes to fetch the log, the old squire drags forward the coals, and fixes the tire so as to leave a bed for if, and stands by ready to fit it into its place.- Presently in coines Gucom with a little cat stick, no bigger than his leg and throws it on. Uncle Tclcg got so mad, he never said a word, but just seized his ridin1 whip, and gave him a most awful whippen.- He tanned his hide properly for him, you may depend. 44 Now," says he, 44 o, sir and bring in a proper backlog." : . 44 Gucutn was clear grit as well as the old man, for he was a chip of the old block, and no mistake; so out he-roes without savin' a word, but instead of goin' to the wood pile, he walks off altogether and staid away eight years, till Le was cne-and-tweHty, and his own master. -Well, as soon as he was a man grown, and lawfully on his own hook, he took it into his head one day he'd go home and 6ee his father and mother a sin, and show them that he was alive and kickin for they didn't know whether he was de-ad or not, never havin' heard of or fiom:him one blessed word all that time. - When he arrived at the old house, daylight was down and the lights lit, and as he passed thc-kecpin-room winder, he looked in, and there was old Squire sittin in the chair he was eight years afore, when Le ordered in the backlog, and crave him such an onmarciful whippin. . So what docs Gucom do but stops at the wood pile, and picks up a most hugaceous log, (for he Lad grown to be a most, thunderin' big feller then,) and openin' tho door, he marches in and lays it down on the hearth and then lookin' up, said he -44 Father, I've brought you in the backlog." " Uncle Teleg was stn-ck up all . of a heap; Le couldn't believe his eyes, that the su'-footcr was the boy he had cow-hided, and he couldn't believe his ears when he heard him call him father : a man from the grave wouldn't have surprised lam more ; lie was quite onfakilizcd end be-dumbed for a minute. But he came too rirrht off, and was iced down to a frcezin point in no lime." '';'.-." ,44 What did you say V s.'ud Le. 44 That I have brought you in the backlog, sir, you sent me out for.' . - . : 44 Well, then you have been a d d long time a fetchin' it said he 44 that's all I can say. Draw the coals forward, pi t it on, and then go to bed." . 44 Now, that's a fact, squire; I know the parties myself; and that's what I- do call ccvlncss, and no mistake!" It is stated in a London paper, that the ogitation repeal his cost the people of Ireland, in twelve months, the sum of 121,"3G4, of which 5i5,COO were devoted to the personal and private uses of Mr. O'Conncll.

SATUUDAYi JAMJAIST- II, 1S43.

$10.00 XtEWAUD, .' We will pay to any person who will give us information that will lead to the detection and conviction of the dastardly scoundrel whoi on the night of the Oth of January, cut and stolo the 4,haliards from tho Hickory polo on Illinois street! The name of tho person giving us the information shall be kept secret if desired. ' G. A. &. J. I. CHAPMAN. January 10, 1313. Senatorial Election. The last Journal encloses the names of the Senators who voted to put off the Senatorial election with black lines, and say they hare V disregarded the will of the people " (!) and violated their otlicial oaths. As the Journal is a very consistent paper, very, andjio doubt . did not pen such remarks under any political prejudice O by no means wc will give it an opportunity of venting its wrath upon some other delinquents who' stood in the same predicament.. To use the Journal's , language then, (we love to follow so moral and decent an example,) 44 the following are the names cf the Senators," all Whigs who culy session before last, 44 by voting against going into the Senatorial election," disobeyed the voice of the people and violated their off.cial oaths, end with the declared determination too, made by Sir. Dcfrees and others on the floor, to stave it off. "Tass them lound." Michael Akcr, James H. Buell, Win. T. S. Cornett, Robert G. Cotton, John D. Dcfrees, John Ewing, Sylvanus Everts, Eli P. Farmer, James T. Moffatt, James Morgan, David Mount, John W. Odell, Samuel V. Parker, Benj. F. Keeve, Thomas R. Stanford, Williamson Wright---See Senate Journal for lS-'-P3, page 340. QCj" The Journal will please copy. Supreme Judges. By the Senate proceedings it will be seen that tho Governor vesterdiy nominated Messrs. Blackford," ick and Morrison to scats on the Supreme Bench. Blackford was confirmed ; "the others were rejected. Itlorc YVIii Compliments to the IVltiff lEousc of Ilcprcseutativcs. Wc find the following in the Jennings county PiCIortcr. .The favorable notice of Mr. Teltit is well desened: ' . 44 The House of Itcprescntatives is made up of ever variety of men; there are several very young men, and a number of very old men, some remarkably handsome, and a good many more that arc horrid ugly, of every trade, profession and pretension, and as a body, is particularly remarkable for the number cf shorty sputtering, senseless, pointless speeches that are made. Every member has stmcthingtosay on every question" merely for the sake, I am inclined to believe, of seeing in the next morning's paper, that 44 such a subject being called up, Messrs. Stapp, Tingley,Stophlct, Jones of Fountain, Rich, and W Light advocated, and Messrs. Hazelrigg, Grubs, Spoons, and Spunk opposed it in speeches of considerable length," which means, generally, about a dozen words.. But the House has its ornament; und the very dignified and gentlemanlyyoung Representative of Miami"ar.d Wabash, Mr. Pettit, is cne cf them. He did himself infinite credit in a speech in relation to a bill which Le introduced,' providing for the restoration of the burnt records of Miami county, on Friday last. Though entirely local in its provisions, the bill met with serious opposition, for what cause I did not learn. It is a great pity that more such mcii are not elected to the Legislature." Fire. Last evening, shortly after 8 o'clock a dwelling house understood to belong to A. W. Morris, and occupied by Rev. Mr. Hibben, situated on Illinois street, south, was totally destroyed by fire. An adjoining building was saved by the exertions of a few individuals whose names we could not learn. . The firemen were soon on the spot, but want of trater rendered the engines" of no avail. We regret to learn that John Meikeill was injured, said seriously, by being run over by an engine. Division or the M. E. Cjickch. The N. Carolina Annual Conference of this body have unanimously agreed to the proposed division, by adopting the report of the committee on the subject, embodying resolutions to the effect, that the time Las come for the ministers of the .M. E. Church te refuse to act in union with the North, and that the conference elect delegates to the proposed Convention at Louisville, Ky., in May, 1345. Slavery is Delaware. The whole number of slaves in Delaware is less thar. 3,0C0, and at a recent anti-slavery meeting in Wilmington, it was stated! that three fourths of. the people were ready to sign petitions for immediate emancipation with inodcrato compensation. Mckmoxism. The Springfield (Ills.) correspondent of the St. Louis Republican says : "It is mentioned here that Wood, who acted as one of Joe Smith's counsel at the time of his death, is endeavoring to prevail on the "prophet's wife to make a full exposure of Mormonism, and to allow him to publish it, and that she has about consented so to do." '. Mok:jox Missionaries. Two of the 44 twelve" who constitute the head of the Mormon church, since the death of the Smiths, are on their way to visit some of. the eastern branches of the church, where Rigdon or seceding doctrines are said to be getting too strong a hold. - . - . We quote the following advertisement from the London Times : " To the Cleegt. An incumbent would resign directly, with, patron's consent, to one not under Mi years of age, a beautiful living, a perfect gem, cne of the prettiest things ia England, with excellent new freestone-front house, in good repair, facing a park, . . . c i . . i i . . c it in uie county oi sonimersei, ai ine si;ir;s oi a sinaii market town, with every necessary of life cheap ; productive garden, lawn, pleasure-ground, wall-fruit ; six acres of pasture adjoining, coach-house, stabling for six horses, put houses ; no trouble as to income duty easy, spot healthy, roads and society good, the whole worth 20 a year. - 7Vr; In-coming incumbent to pay down 1000, to indemnify present incumbent's outlay on the spot, nnd for his fixtures, and his old trine, worth 180; also, for live stock, including three cows, horses, and pony-carriage pi ano forte, by St od dart, cost Bö guineas; Land-organ, by Flight, cost 33 ; plate and linen, and a few pictures." . -This is about as comfortable a picture as we ever saw, of ministerial labors. Who can wonder at the total absence of religion in this benighted western region, where wc have no fat voluptuaries to teach us the way we should go, with their 44 perfect gems" 44 pleasure-grounds " " wall-fruit " " easy duty " 41 dd tetne" 44 pony -carriages' piano," and 44 hand-organ, by Flight 1" TLe London papers abound with similar advertisements. - rATnER JuATnEW ix TRoCBLE. I lie (Jork i.xam- . incr says' 44Vkat will you think, Irishmen, when "we tell you- that Father Mathew, the benefactor of your country, the admiration of the world, Las been pi blicly arrested in Dublin for the balance of a debt due to the maker of temperance mtda!s, and that while in the very act of administering the tanjerartce fledge The bailiii", like a second Judas, came up to Father Matthew-, saying, 'Father Matha?, your Vesting!' and while the good man called down a blessing upon the Lead cf the wretch., äc U;ok a writ from his j acket, and thrusting it into the hand of Father Mathew, told him Le arrcstid Lim, and then asked for his forgive ness i The British Cabinet, it is said, contemplates a complete change in the government of Ir.d.ii, which will extinguish the political power cf the Eat India directors.