Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 21, Number 49, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 April 1862 — Page 2

WEEKLY SENTim.

IODAY I'll 1 1. 28 The I nian I lauit he preserved. Jackaon. Democratic Union State Ticket. rO SECRET ART Or STATE, JAMES S. ATHON, Of Marion County. FOR AUDITOR Or STATT, JOSEPH RI3TINE, Of Fountain Oounty. rOR TREASURER Or STATE, MATTHEW L. BRETT, Of Daviess County. FOR ATTORNEY GENERAL, OSCAR R HORD, Of Decatur Cointy. rO SL'FIEai NTRNDKNY Or Pl'BLIC INSTai'CTlOW, SAMUEL L. RÜGG, Of Allen CountT. Important )lew. The news by telegraph this morning will oe found important and interesting. Through Southern papers the intelligence comes of the probable capture of New Orleans. If this news proves true, it will be another fatal blow at the life of the rebellion It is also stated that BeavRE6A&D has withdrawn a large portion of his army from Corit.th for the protection of Memphis. The telegraph says little in reference to the operations at Yorktown. but through private sources we are advised that heavy fighting has been going on there for some days, and the utmost confidence is expressed in tne ability of General McClellan to reduce that rebel stronghold. His means for accomplishing this result are ample. He has not only as fine an army as ever went upon the field, but the best, the heaviest, and the most extensive armament. The best informed military men regard McClellan 's success as a foregone conclusion, the only question being as to the time it will occupy to work out the victory. Ol regard of tne Constitution. The Chicago Post, in referring to the fact that Bingham's confiscation bill had been defeated in the House, says that "Mr. Browning, the Senator from Illinois, in one of his speeches in the early part of the session stated, in plain and forcible terms, the objections to any general act ot confiscation. He said that the Government had to carry on the war either as against a for eign foe, or as citizens in rebellion. If we treated the rebels as a foreign foe, the laws of nations forbid the confiscation of private property; if we regard the rebels as our own citizens, then the Constitution forbids the confiscation proposed. "Those who propose this and other very strong measures lose sight of an important fact. The rebels as individuals, repudiate, defy and violate the Constitution, tlte Government, even in pursuing and punishing these rebellious men, is not at liberty to disregard the Constitution, but is bound by it. To say that when a man violates Constitution he can be punished otiierwise than the Constitution allows is an absurdity, yet those who propose and urge extra constitutional measures, would have the Government itself violate and destroy the very authority from which it de rives its own power to govern." A Change in the tan- Ticket. At the request of the Democratic State Central Committee, we take the name of Milton B. Hopkins from the ticket nominated by the Democratic State Convention as the candidate for Superii tendent of Public Instruction and substitute the place thereof that of the Hon. Samiel L. Kigg. of Allen County. This change has the unanimous approval of the Committee, and Mr. RiGG has accepted the candidacy. We subjoin the declination of Mr. Hopkins, which speaks for itself. The withdrawal of Mr Hopkins has not been earlier announced for two reasons: The first was to give the Central Committee time to act thereupon, which Mr. Hopkins cheerfully aseented to; and secondly, the publication of the action of the Committee has been delayed at the urgent request of some of the friends of that gentleman, who took an active part in securing his nomination in the Convention, for the purnose ot inducing him to reconsider his determination to decline it. The actiou of the Committee we have no doubt will meet with the general approval of the Democracy and the people of Indiana. Mr. Rigg has tilled the office for one term, and without dis paragement to others who have occupied the posi ion, we can say that he has not been excelled, if equalled, in the conscientious, zealous and able discharge of its responsible duties. Mr. Rlgg has the Jeffersonian qualifications for official position; capacity, integrity and unswerving devotion to the Constitution and the Union. He has had experience in the office; while in the discharge of its duties he brought order and system out of confusion, and we know of no man in the State who will labor more earnestly to advance the interests of education and all that appertains to good citizenship. The following is Mr Hopkins's letter of declination : February 17th, 1862. Chairman Democratic State CentralCommittee: Sir The eth of January Convention did me the honor to place me in nomination lor the office l Superintendent of Public Instruction. The Min Convention, and especially those of mv friends who labored so imiefatigably to secure my nomination, have laid me under lasting obligation of' -rat i tude to them by this expression of their conhdence and partiality. I was not in attendance upon the Convention. I did not wish to enter the political arena at the present, and so generally informed my friends. They, however, feeling assured, no doubt, that if the nomination should be thus generously tendered me. I would ac cept and buckle on the whole Democratic armor, and fight vali mil y for the triumph of the ticket, urged my claims perseveringly and successful I j before the Convention. Since I learned the pleasure of the Convention. I h ive taken ample time and due pains to consider the question of acceptance. And while I would go as tar and make as great sacrifice as any living man ought to gratify my friends. I cannot get my consent to enter the lists of candidates at the present. I never was more fixed and determined in any pur pose than that no Convention of any name shall draw me into the ring or pirtisan podtics. Permit me. therefore, with due respect to all concerned to decline the nomination. Yours trulv M B. Hope ins. Congressional II) porrisr. In July last the Republicans in Congress "Itaniamng all feelings of passion and resentment," resolved unanimously that tbe institution of slavery in the South should remain as it was left by the Constitution, war or no war. Congnat having come to this wine and decent resolution, the border slave States went into the fight for the t'uion. and cleared out secession from Kentucky, Missouri, Ac. These things all right, and every one rejoiced. Then eemed a well grounded hope that the old Union, with all iu institutions preset ved, would again bless the people of the United States. The I wrder Stales having taken their stand and committed themselves, it now turns out that "the passion and resentment" ot these Republicans have again returned, end they go ahead in liberating the negroes at railroad speed! They not oniy do this, but they compel tbe white people of tbe free States to pay for the dark.es turned loose upon them. This looks like the Republi can majority in Con ere- meant to play the game of the "little joker" with the nation, aud they cry AW yam see ate AW you don't! One tiling is very certain that the majority means to deceive some one, as its party has often done before

Deception and chicanery are valuable adjuncts ! The East Enriched and the West im , poverisked the War. in the proiession of swindlers and confidence Francis P. Blair. Jr., the well known Republimen, but these qua. ities are quite out of place j Ci, leader in Missouri, and rankinr among the with Christiana and statesmen. When a man first in Congress, gives a faithlul picture going to

turns from the teachings of common honesty, however, acid disregards the obligations he owes to his whole country, there is no telling where his knavery will lead him. This Congress has already earned a name in the calendar of the debased assemblages of the earth, and it will be regarded, in all time to come, as the most venal, corrupt, deceitful, and stupidly fanatical, sectional convocation that ever disgraced representative government. Its infamy is nearly complete. The Landmark of Liberty. In these degenerate days, when a party false to true liberty bestrides the Government of the United States, it will prove profitable to look back to the golden era when we had patriots and statesmen at the head of our national affairs. From the first inaugural message of Presideut Jetfek son we make the following extract: The diffusion of information and the arraignment ol all abuses at the bar of public opinion, freedom of religion, freedom of the press, free dm of person under the protection of habeas corpus, and trial by juries impartially selected these principles torm the bright constellation which has gone belore us and guided our steps through an age of revolution and reformation. The wisdom of our sages aud the blood of our heroes have been devoted to their attainment. They should be the creed of our imlit'u al faith, the text of our civil instruction, the touchstone by which to try the services of those we trust; ani should we wander from them in moments of error or alarm, let us hasten to retrace our .-teps and regain the road which alone leads to peace, liber ty aud safety. These words send music to the ear of the nation and encouragement to the hearts of the peo pie. They are the words of freedom, spoken in the presence of the free and in the councils of the great and good men who achieved our first , and sacred indepeiideuce. " 1 he arruginnient of all abuses at the bar of public opinion," Mr Jefferson declared was one ot the duties (no one then denied the right) of a good citizen, and it is to day as sacred a duty as it was in 1800, or at any later period. There are those who deny that right in the Year of Grace, 1f62, and would, if they dare, enact new sedition laws to punish the out spokeu citizen. As for the free dom of religion, who does not remember the mobbing of convents in Boston, the burning o. churches in Philadelphia, the howling impiecations of Know Nothingism against foreigners and Catholics, and the general saturnalia whicii the descendants of the old Federal faction revived, long after Jefferson and the Democracy had laid that stupid aud intolerant faction in its political grave. That old defunct party has its imitators to day, and they are as bigoted, as reckless and as proscriptive as were the Essex Junto in the palmy days of Harrison Grat Otis and Calls Strong. Like the Bourbons ot France, they never recanted an error and never learned wisdom from the hard experience of the past They are the men who virtually control this ! Administration now the Ben. Wades, the Ch as. Simners, the Henry Wilsons, the Chandllrs of Michigan, the F essenden:-. the Giddingses, the Juliens, the Thad Stevensls, and a host of other such violent slavery haters, scattered from Maine to Missouri They belong, some of them, to the War Committee men of Bull Run notoriety who constantly urged our Generals on to defeat, when the Generals are big fools enough to pay attention to them. These same men have assailed the liberty of the press, the liberty ol ; speech, and the sacredness of the habeas corpus, : and have done every deed and counselled every ' outrage on the great principles which Jefferson I labored to establish as a security for the rights of the people. Let us frequently advert to the great landmarks which the early fathers of the Republic lelt lor our guidance. Let no Democrat no man who loves his country, of any parly forget that the observance of the written law is a duty which neither the President', Congress, nor the people, can disregard without eminent peril to our rights and liberties; and, to use Mr. Jefferson's strong and eloquent language, "should we wander from them in moments of erro- and alarm, let ns hasten to retrace our stes, and regain the road which aloue leads to peace, liberty and safety." How the Slave Went South. The Boston Gazette, published in old Massa chusetts, and dated July 17, 1 758, contains the following advertisement: Just imported from Africa, and to be sold on board the brig .lonney. William Ellery Commander, now Iving at New Boston, a number ol likely NEGRO BOYS and GIRLS, from twelve to fourteen years of age Inquire of said Ellery on board said brig, where coustatit attendance is given. Note The above slaves have all had the small pox. Treasurer's notes and .NYir England rum will be taken as pay. There is a good text lor a long sermon. But the subject requires but few words. Massachusetts, now so piously hostile to slavery, was at that date, and for half a century later, the great slave trader of the Western Hemisphere. Her ships, her men. her money and her enterprise took to that trade as naturally as a duck takes to the water. There were thousands of her people who engaged in the "sum of all rallainies," as John Weslet denominated ihe slave trade, but not the ownership of slaves. Massachusetts money and Massachusetts ships invaded the barracoons and the coasts of the African mainland, and thousands of "boys and girls from twtlce to fourteen yrars of age," were brought to New England lor use there, or for sale to the fathers of the present rebels in the South. New England people were the "man stealers" for the colonies of Britain, and for the States which now comprise rebellious Dixie. There was money in the business there was gain there was pelf; and up tc the year 1808, when the vile trade was abolished, no one ever heard of a Massachusetts man denouncing this trade in human beings. When her old slave ships were worn out. and che could turn an honest penny at some other traffic, she became suddenly conscientious, and has con linued to kick up a fuss generally with those who own the negroes which she sold to them! Her conscience (which seems to be an iudia rubber one) has been drawn into many shapes on this

vastly mischievous subject. nated against I will not say more; but I do say n r-.,. . m , that the West has done its duty in this matter, Captain tllerv seems to have had a sharp I , . . . " f , . . ' ' j and has given tins Government the amplest supeye to hu-iness, and he gives the gratifying port on the field, and everywhere else, and it beannouncement that "all the slaves have had comes the representatives of the people not to the small pox!" To show the vast phi- treat us as step children any longer. lanthropv of Massachusetts she was always full , , , ' . From the Richmond Enqnlrer. of religmus sent.ment he propose! to take New j Jeff. Davls. Conscription England Rum s pay! This rum he would sell j The following is President Davis's message, or trade on his next voyage, to pay for a new recommending the passage of a conscription law: batch of darkies40rtding to his profits on both To the Senate and House of Representatives of the species of properly. It was a sharp dicker, to be j Caif'"' States: . Tl.. al, tl.o c..iAitj .... ,n

sure, and eminently woithy of some people who don't live quite a thousand miles from Boston Massachusetts fetters were placed upon the limbs 1 of the slave, and "New England Rum" debased the soul of the captive. Lord save the world from hypocrisy, and ransom those who deserve the contempt of man and the dire judgments of Heaven! norf Negro. The legislation of this Republican Congress is devoted to the negro. It is negro first, negro j last, and negro all the time. Dispatches from ' Washington, dated the 24th, gives us tbe follow- ! ing additional negro item: The Senate to day passed a bill recognizing tbe i governments of Haytiand Liberia; Senators Me i Dougall, Latham, and Henderson, Democrats, I voting for it. Senator S aulsbury, of Delaware, prophesied a negro representative from these governments wuuld appear on the floor of tbe Senate iu less tban twelve months.

show that the people ot tue Abolition states are

made quite happy by this w h siuce it gives them money, the most desirable of things according to their "calculation." It leads also to a solution of their desperate efforts to envenom and provoke the Sooth to eternal resistance, by threatening tbem with confiscation and utter destruction of their political rights. Mr. Blair shows that they can become rich by prolonging the war and that the West has to foot the bills of the war and build tbe Yankee factories. We make a few extracts from his speech in reply to Mr Morrill, of Vermont, who opposes Western improvements for National delense: Except for the burden of the Morrill tariff, we would have got along very well. Why, sir, the Eastern and seaboard portions of the Union have made money out of this rebellion The great severities of this war have fallen upon the people of the West The natural avenues of their commerce to the ocean have been closed by this war, and while they have been closed, tin East and the seaboard have enjoyed profits which they never enjoyed during times of peace. It seems to me whenever any measure is proposed in this House lor the benefit of the Wrest, that we find these gentlemen demurring to it on account of the times. The freight of railroads has been going up constantly since this war commenced. Belore the war began, the railroads would take a barrel of flour from the West for hilf a dollar, whereas they now charge $2 50. Yes, sir; it now costs $2 50 to get a barrel of flour to the East from the Mississippi river. The East has taken the entire profit of the labor of the West. Yet the West has come forward to supply her products in place of the cotton which heretofore saved the balance of trade from being against us. We have relieved the Government in that and every other way. But the West has gained nothing by it. The entire profit has gone in the freight charges to the East. The gentleman is opposed to every measure by which the West might find relief. He is opposed to the ship canal with Lake Michigan the Michigan and Iilinois canal. We are, as has been remarked by other gentlemen, engaged in a war out of which will grow other wars, and we will have to be prepared for them. We can not postpone this if we intend to have a connection between the East and the West, lietween the Atlantic and Pacific seaboard, which will be able to preserve our possessions in the lat ter. Looking to what it has done, ane what it has suffered, the West has a right to appeal to the national legislature. I have spoken of its losses. I have spoken of its sufferings. I have spoken of its trade destroyed. Yet while the Wert has suffered the East has enjoyed almost exemption. Your victories have been in the West. The soldiers of the West have given their due proportion of the victories in this war They have poured out their blood on aimost every battlefield. Yet tint peo pie have been discriminated against since this war commenced. I do not see the reason why a people who have differed so much upon the b lit e field and in the destruction of their trade should have this new burden imposed upon them. One of the departments of the Government has .interposed to prevent the men of that section who havedone much for the Government from receiving their pay. Even the laboring man is kept out of the money he has fairly earned. All these men, after having their claims postponed for months, have at last to accept certificates of indebtedness pay, in fact, only in part while the men from the East who have worked for the Gbvernment have been paid in full. The Eastern railroads were paid up to December last tor the work that they did lor the Government, and at full prices. The only railroads discriminated against were those of the West. They were allowed only half price, and six months after the service was rendered they are paid in certificates which are below par. There has been a discrimination against everything that was Western, and we are now asked by the gentleman from Vermont to have this measure postMned, unun the specious pretext that all the millions of the country must be lavished upon this war. Mr. Edward I would ask the gentleman if Eastern creditors have not taken thes same certificates during the same time that they were paid to Western railroads? Mr. Blair, of Missouri No, sir; the gentleman is totally mistaken. Mr. Edwards I understand that to be the fact. Mr. Blair, of Missouri Eastern creditors were paid as long as there was anything in the ttea-ury to pay them with, but Western creditors were postponed by the interposition ot this commission to examine into Western claims. The cuminis sion wa-s interposed because Cbere were charges of great frauds against certain parties; and men against whom no such allegations were made by aiiyl)ody the day laborers who erected the forts, teamsters, and people of that class, who had done work for the government were also required to go before that commission, and their claims were thus postponed for six months. Meanwhile, the Eastern creditors were all getting their money, although there was just as much allegation of fraud against them as against Western men. Why was not a commission started for them? Mr Edwards I wish to say to the gentleman that these ve. v certificates of indebtedness were recommended to this House and first issued for the purpose of being applied to the payment of Eastern debts. Mr. Blair, of Missouri. After the Eastern creditors had taken all the money that was to be got, they were w illing to take the certificates, but they did not share with us as long as the money lasted. I say that the claims commission was interposed, and that all claims were compelled to go before it, whether there was any allegation of fraud or not, while there were claims paid at the East against which theie was just as much allegation of fraud as against ours There were al legations ot fraud by committees of this House against the East just as much as against the West, and there was just as much fraud committed at the East as at the Wfc?t, and just as much proved. There was no difference in that respect; and yet we alone were subjected to the interposition of a commission, and of an examination. Nobody would have complained if only those men who were accused of fraud had been sent before the commission. No objection would have been heard from the West if only those men had been sent before it; hut when the commission was organized and met, all claims against the Government originating before a certain date were sent before it.and were all delated lor six monihs, and then the parties had to take the amounts due them in certificates below par, when you have money in your treasury , ami are paying it out every day. Why. sir, there are absolutely gentlemen from the West who advanced to the Government gold, or what wag equal to gold, ami who are obliged now, alter a lapse of six months, to to come here and take certificates of indebtedness. I say we of the West have been treated like step children by the Government, and we shall always fie treated in that way, and postponed. And now the gentleman from Vermont, Mr. Morrill holding the high position that he does in this house, admitting that this is a measure of great importance, that ought to be favorably considered, says that it must be postponed under the circumstances; alleging that the Government is in its death-throes, when it is really victorious and victorious, we ru !i t claim, if we were disposed to do so, as much by (lie efforts of western men as of any other people. I will n t say more. 1 w ill not discriminate against the men ot the ' East, even though the West has been discrimi 1 lie UCIOUUIIB Ui IOC lanutu lltfvp nun 1 41 force tor raising armies has exhibited the necessi ty for reform. The frequent changes and amend nieuls which have been made have rendered the ea) 80 mplicaieü to make it often qu-te tlllU Ulli I ' 'iriCI IIIUIC nun -iiv . i . io f ni i i to what extent prior amendments are modified by more recent legislation. There ft also embarrassment from conflict between State and Confederate legislation. I am happy to assure you of the entire harmony of purpose and cordiality of feeling which has continued to exist lietween myself and the Executives of the several States, and it is to this cause that our success in keeping adequate forces in the field is to be attributed. These reasons would suffi- for inviting your earnest attention to the necessity of some simple and general system for exercising tbe power of raising armies, which is vested in Congress by the Constitution. But there is another aud more important consideration. The vast preparations made by the euemy tor a combined assault at numerous points on our frontier and seaboard have produced results that might have bean expected. They have animated the people with n

spirit of resistance so general, so resolute and so self-sacrificing that it requires rather to be regulated than to be stimulated. The right of the State to demand, and the duty of each citizen to render military service, need only to be stated to be admitied. It is not, how ever, wise or judicious policy to place in active service that portion of the force of a people which experience has shown to bj necessary as a reserve. Youths un der the age of eighteen years require further instruction; men of matured experience are needed for maintaining order and good government at home, and in supervising preparations for rendering efficient the armies in the field. These two classes constitute the proper reserve for home defense, ready to be called out in case of any emergency, and to. be kept in the field only while the emergency exists. But in order to maintain this reserve intact, it is necessary that in a great war like that in which we are now engaged, all persons of intermediate ages, not legally exempt for good cause, should pay their debt of military service to their country, that the burdens should not fall exclusively on the most ardent and patriotic. I therefore recommend the passage of a law declaring that all persons residing within the Confederate States, between the ages of eighteen and thirty five years, and rightfully subject to military duty, shall be held to be in the military service of the Confederate States, and that some plain and simple method be adopted for their prompt enrollment and organization, repealing all of the legislation hereinbefore enacted which would conflict with the system proposed. JkrnHM Davis.

Abolitionism Illustrated. A short time ago the New York Journal of Commerce, in commenting upon thedesigns of the Abolitionists and their hostility to tbe Constitution, thus alluded to them: No candid, out-spoken Abolitionist will take the least offense at our distinct charge, that he and those who think with him are not for the Uii'on which Washington aud his companions founded The Boston Liberator, edited by Wji. Lloyd Garrison, frankly admits the truth of thecharge, and its unmitigated reprobation of the labors aud patriotism of Washington: None whatever! That was a guilty Union cemented with the blood of an enslaved race on our soil "a covenant with death and an agreement with hell," in the making of which " Washington ' and his companions" committed a grievous sin. I he natural and inevitable result ot it is a dis memtered Republic and a tremendous civil war. through the treachery of the very slaveholding class that originally dictated the tetms of the Union, and also as a divine retribution for tramp ling upon the poor and needy. Not for myriads of world ought it to be, even if it could be, restored, with all its iniquitous conditions aud horrible pro slavery compromises." Such is the Unionism of Wcndell Phillips and the petticoatel men and pantalooned women who follow in his train. Aud it, this connection it may be well to remember that this high priest of I Abolitionism was received in Washington lately ! by the leading Republican members of Congress ; with the most distinguished consideration. If a Democrat bad uttered the disunion sentiments which Wendell Phillips did in Washington or a Democratic paper had published that the Union was "a covenant with death and an agreement with hell," by the mandate of Mr. Seward one would have found a forced asylum in F rt War ren and the mails would have been closed to the other, but Abolitionists under this Administration can with impunity utter the most disloyal senti ments. from ;i v li i ii - i on lievelation of the Fluni of tin Aboitionite. We are permitted to make the follow ing ex tracts from the letter of a well informed gentleman now in Washington, developing the present aspect of political affairs: Washington, April 20, lb62. The condition of things here is pitiable. Congress is doing no good, but an abundance of harm to the cause of the Union. Instead of leg islating, as it should do, to build uo and cherish a love for the Union as our fathers made it, the constant aim of the Republicans, led on by the Abolition wing of the party which is the "right" wing is to pass measures which will drive the South still more unanimously into rebellion. The fact is, that wing of the party is bent on prolong ing the war, partly tor the Government plunder which it will bring thetn, but mainly because they expect in the end to have slavery abolished throughout the whole couctry. No sooner has the army obtained a victory, as at Fort Don elson, than some new Abolition measure is in troduced into Congress calculated to exasperate the South into still further resistance to the Dnioii. There seems to be a settled purpose to goad the rebel States into continued acts of hos til it J, and these things may be looked for from the ultra Republicans of every shade of charac ter, from the classic Senator Sumtier down to the most stupid and unreasoning lickspittle of the Abolition faction. This is the game of hazard which they are playing before the country, and they will continue to play it until the people iu lerpose their authority and exile all such traitors from the halls of Congress. Some of :.hese mem bers of Congress o;euly proclaim thai they have no desire to see the old Union restored unlessth.it restoration shall bring with it 'he abolishment of slavery everywhere They make no concealments of this sentiment, and are both bold and loud in declaring it. They want the war to go on, and expect that Mr. Lincoln, after a few more victories, will issue a general proclamation of emancipation "under the war power" that unconstitutional act of despotism, quite as conveni ent for liberating negroes as for oppressing white men. Some of the mos debased Republicans say publicly that Mr. Lincoln has promised as much, and taunt conservative Union men and even members ot Congress witn the exerci.-e of that 'power" by the President. Some time ago the Governor ot a Western State was here, Indiana? and he had something to say on this subject of general negro emancipation. He said this general emancipation proclamation would be issued by Lincoln in less than four months, whether Congress passed a law to that effect or not. A gentleman who was present doubted the statement; and said it was impossible that the President could be guilty of so high handed a usurpation. To tins remark the Western Governor replied: "It will be done, sir I have just talked to Mr. Lincoln." The fact is, no one knows here what is going to hap pen from day to day, or what policy will prevail at the Executive Mansion. Every victory ot tained over the rebels seems to inspire the Abolitionists with fresh insolence, and their demands for extreme measures increase as our armies advance South. They are gloating over the prosspects of negro insurrections, and confiscation acts. These leading Republicans these extreme anti-slavery tanatics have all the brains of the party, and they will have their own way, or send the Government and the Union to Tophet. It is for these objects that they have labored for thirty years, aud they are not the men to abandon the brutal and bloody dreams of this bloodv fanati cistn. The people will soon awake from their delusions about the conservative policy of Mr. Lincoln. He is, though a mild mannered sort ot man, the very material tor the wily and crafty traitors against the Constitution to mold and fashion to their purposes. Congress will nut, I think, pass any confiscation act, but will leave it to the Presideut to use the "war power" for the purpose of abolishing slavery. The fact is. Republican members from the middle and western States are afraid of the people, and dare not assume a responsibility so fearful. Many of them would gladly do it, but the elections stare them in the face. They are already alarmed at the "signs 01 the times," and conclude they have quite as heavy a load to carry as they can stagger under. Many of them are already begging the New England Senators to bold up the "irrepressible conflict," and to ease the motion of the Abolition train, lest ihe wht.'e crew be switched off by the betrayed and insulted people everywhere. How far they wi.l succeed in reaching the hearts of their New England task masters, time must tell. 1 am proud of the conservative and high national grounds assumed by the Democrats of In diana, and trust that the day is last approaching when their voice will be potent for good in the councils of the Union the glorious old Union the Union founded by Washington and Madison, and upheld by Clay, and Jackson, and Webjter, and Dougla." -patriots, alas, now no more! Earnest Talk. The Circleville (Ohio) Watchman talks plain about a'pottiou of the people of that village. Hear him: We know that there irt at least three hundred dirty nigger-thieving scoundrels in this city who would steal both niggers aud sheep, and then go to church on the Sabbath, and offer up long hypocritical prayers! It is a pity thai there is not a more tormenting hell lhau that kept by Beelzebub for such abolition fiends.

From tne South. The Cairo correspondent of the Chicago Times writes as foilows, under date of the 24ih inst., in reference to the state of affairs at the South: From the South we have late and important

intelligence, through a source that admits of no doubt of its correctness. Some time since, when Gen. Pop? established his command at New Madrid, be dispatched a spy, a former citizen of Kentucky, into Secessia to obtaiu iu formation relative to the State of affairs iu the South, the strength of the enemy's defenses cn the Mississippi, together with such facts as might be of value iu the conduct of the war. The individual thus dispatched is a man of no little shrewdness, nnd is one of the most valued secret service agents in the employ of the Government. He started out boldly in his dangerous undertaking; passed the rebel lines in safety, and arrived at length in Memphis. Thence he went to New Orleans, and returned by the way of Mobile and Corinth to Fort Pillow. After remaining at their fortifications long enough to ascertain the nature of the fortifications and the strength of the garrison, he gradually made his way back, reaching Hickman, Kentuckv, on Sunday last. Here he laiarded the Flag Officer's dispatch steamer, the De Soto, and after visiting the fleet, and holding an interview with Commodore Foote, he returned to this place, wh re he arrived yesterday. He represents that there is the most intense anxiety throughout the South to hear the result of the coming battle at Corinth. Everything lives, money, property is to be staked on the contest, which will be as desperate as it is decisive. The people here have entire confidence in the ability of Beauregard to achieve a victory which is tu reclaim Tennessee and save the sinking fort does of the Confederacy. The force at Corinth was being greatly augmented each day, and every man able to bear arms was summoned to the grand rally. Nor is this all. Trade and busiuess are suspended, the women meet daily at churches, in halls, to manufacture garments for the soldiers, bells are recast into cannon, while the roll of the drum is summoning forced levies into the service. There is no Ut.ion sentiment, but every man, woman and child enter into the cause with a devotion seldom paralleled. The entire South is in fearful e truest, not simply the leaders, but the masses, and one and all they declare that they will dispute every inch of territory and fight for the cause "10 the bitter death." At Memphis, on the 18th, flour was selling at $15 per barrel, corn at $1 20 per bushel, and other supplies in proportion. Yet the people are willing to suffer every privation, do suffer it, aud y et there is no sign of penitence. My informant was at Corinth a short time af ter the battle of Pittsburg, and though not permitted to divulge any information respecting the strength of the enemy's fortifications, is free to confess the belief that the force under Boauregard numbers fully 15H,I)00. The Voire of a Patriotic Kiatesman--I the ( onütiliition the Same in War a in Peace! We commend the following sensible and states manlike views of the Hon. John J. Crittenden, of Kentucky, as expressed in a late speech in the House of Representatives, to those who believe that the Constitution is one thi g in war and another thing in peace, nnd think that the Union can not be restored except by violating that instrument: ' War is supposed to give us the power, which peace does not. The Constitution denies it iu time of peace. That I may assume as granted by all that there is none so bold to deny it. But the state of war is supposed to give the power to Congress Mr. Chairman, it seems to me that the Constitution is an utter fallacy, or that it is the same to-day and to-morrow, in peace and in war. It was made for peace and fur war. It was as Mr. Madison says, for duration, tor all time, so far as human hands could aspire to make a work that should be perpetual. It would have been impersect if it had not. It has that power which prohibits it in time of peace to emancipate slaves in I Slate. Can that power rise up out ol any state of -hings agaidst the Constitution? The Constitution gives you a right to make war, and the Constitution gives you impliedly all of the powers incidental to it. Does it include a power hostile to the Constitution itsellY That would have been a strange harmony, indeed. No, sit; alhjpmst harmonize with the Constitution. "There are some gentlemen, sir, who seem to me think that no war measure can be ot suffi cient energy that does not find iu beginning and source somewhere outside of the limits of the Constitution. But the Constitution is a tame, sober instrument that yields in thing to peace or to war. It has no sensations. It has no enthusiasms It is a calm, steady, cold rule of the Government at all times, through the night and through the day, through storm and sunshine, through peace or war. That is what it is. It does lack those sensations which we have in a high degree. They seem to think that some Kirtion of these unconstitutional enthusiasms must come into a war measure to give it efficacy and ton e. Not a bit ot it. "Mr Chairman, the Constitution is our strength. It warms the heart of the people, and it is their defense and protection. What has tilled the fields with six hundred thousand men in arms iu opposition to this rebellion? It is the Constitution, the bond of freemen, the bond of a free Government. Let that admonish us that our strength is in the Constitution, and that it is not in the sensation sort of measures which we attempt sometimes to get up here as more forcible than the Constitution. It is not the phantasy n r the chimera which politicians may del'ght in. But what do the people delight in? What makes them rush to the battle and to lay down their lives to preserve? It is the Constitution. It is known to the people known to their wives and to their childreu- It is the heritage of the poor mm tLst puts him upon an equality in point of rights under the laws with the highest and most aristocratic in the land. It is our spear and shield. It is our strength. It is that which has guided our ..rmy and enabled it to overpower all who opposed it. That is your strength: never let it go. The more faithfully you adhere to it, the more constantly you worship it, and show by your acts that you will do nothing not warranted by it, the more you will have the favor and confidence of the people, and the more the Government will have strength. All outside is mere aberration, all outside is delusive there is no strength in it. Adhere to that as the line of your policy. Allow nt no policy, indulge in no practice that shall lake you beyond the limit of your power. That limit of your fiower is the landmark of the rights and privileges of your constituents. Its limit to day protects me. You may struggle against its limits. We, as legislators, may struggle against the limits that constrain us. but they defend the limits which protect the interests and the rights of the people. Whenever you enlarge your powers by going tieyond the Constitution, you diminish their rights or enlarge their rights. The people are for the Constitution, whether you are or not, and we must all thank Heaven that it is so." IIa ii k and TlcClellan. We have good authority for sa virg that a letter has been written by General Halleck to a member of his family in this city, in which, with a soldiers' anxiety for the giving of honor to whom honor is due, he ascribes the credit of the entire plan of movements at the West, and the successful combinations which have resulted in the re possession, by the Union, of Missouri, Kentucky and Tennessee, to Major General McClellan. This handsome acknowledgment is creditable to both the Generals concerned. General Halleck takes nothing from his own title to the gratitude of the people by such a statement In all the cualiiies constituting a great military leider he has no superior. It is a subject of profound gratitude that the nation has two such soldiers as McClellan and Halleck, men who are above all politic i! intrigues, in an age when political connections seem to determine the fate of perso ial reputations, and who do their work with steadfast devotion to duty, heedless of the attacks of faction or the criticism of popular leaders. A short time ago General Halleck was, by a radical paper, denominated "this upstart Halleck." His upstarting was s blessing to the Union, and if Gen. McClellan planned the Western campaign, to Halleck is due the equal praise of executing it. No soldier wishes honor which does not belong to him, nor is any true soldier envious of the reputation of a brother in arms. There is much of the secret history ol the war to be written when it shall be ended, and in calmer time of reflection the counlry will remember with praise those Generals who throughout the whole shall have kept themselves free from all political connections with any party, and who shall have pursued the plain pith of duty for soldiers of the Union. N. Y. Jour, of Com. Abolition or Not! Congress has passed the following acts and Presideut Lincoln has approved of them: 1. A resolution to induce the States to free the'r negroes 2. An act freeing the negroe in the District of Columbia. 3. An act empowering the negroes to carry the mails. 4. A new article of war. prohibiting officers in the army snd navy from returning the negroes w ho run into camps.

Our Army or respondent t it i ro and the Condition of Affair on the Mississippi. Caibo, April 21, 162. J.J. Bingham, Esq: The situation of this delectable city is deplorable just now. The river has been rising and it has rained, with but one day's intermission, since my last. The foaming flood of the river is even with the top of the levee and the pools and puddle holes and well worked mud are deep aud everywhere. Tha inhabitants are momentarily expecting and dreading the breaking of the barrier that keeps the great bulk of the "Father ot Waters" from sweeping their habitations away. The steam pumps are no longer of avail and have stopped. There is no

way yet devised by which thev can throw the water above ihe river at its present elevation. The town, consequently, back from the levee is a pool of water varying iu depth from six inches to six feet. Families are seeking shelter in the upper stories of warehouses, in boats aud iu the cars. Confusion reigns supreme. To add to it, transports loaded with troops have been crowding the lauding for three days, and the soldiers seek lag, a they always will, a change of fare, have literally eaten the town out. A thousand amusing scenes and incidents occur every day. and some distressing ones. It would be a great place just now tor a "local" hard up to fill his corner. Bird's Point is all under water and the country for miles back on the Missouri side. The Sikes town railroad is submerged and for the present abandoned. Mr. Coyner and Mr. Cale, with their force, have taken refuge here to wait until there is some spot on the line of their road w here a weary dove might rest its wing. The cars of the Illinois Central road no longer run here mails, passengers and freight being sent to Mound City by boat to meet them. In short, we have water above, below and all rouud us, and little or no whisky. ' Steamers were sent out yesterday to bring in the farmers and plautcrs on the coast whose habitations were in danger. Some took advantage of the kindness of the Government, but many would not leave their watery localities unless their stock horses, cows aud pigs were also brought off. This of course was impossible, and they had to be left to herd their flocks ou raits tied to trees, as best they could. THE SITIATION BELOW. Commodore Foote, and the army officers operating iu concert with him, have no doubtof their ability to reduce Fort Pillow at any lime. Thev make it already very hot for the rebels. What the views of the higher powers may be I knownot, but it does not seem to me important to possess that point, or good policy to go below it, until the force at Corinth is scattered or driven back. The land forces can not operate to any advantage while the country is submerged as it is. Whenever the waters subside and the signal is given, Fort Pillow will be ours. rhe cavalry and light artillery of the army of the Mississippi with some of the infantry have gone up the river, leaving a sufficient force, however, below to guaru every point and operate on the offensive when it is deemed expedient. I have already told you that Colonel Filch commands the advance. He has his own regiment, the 4?ih, and the 4'M Indiana, Col. McLein, in his brigade. What other troops are with him I dou't know none, however, from our State. Notwithstanding the difficulties of his position Colonel Fitch has mastered them all. A mind like his can never rust in inaction, and physically he has not a lazy bone in his body. He has all the qualities that go to make up a good General an act ive intellect, untiring industry the dash and snap ot twenty-five added to the cool judgment of fifty. It he does not make his mark it will be because he is not properly supported or that he is bound hand and foot by the red tape of the Ma jor Generals. Our scouts are making themselves familiar with the swamps and have had several skir mishes with the enemy's pickets who cross over beiow the Point and pull about iu boats protected by the guns of their Meet below. Our Indiana boys, however, can live like alligators if necessary, to aid the glorious cause in which they are engaged, and eagerly meet the enemy more than half way. There will be an active bombardment kept up, but I do not look for any definite results jliom it for some weeks yet. the situation above. The a-my at Pittsburg Landing has been and is being reinforced largely. All accounts concur that the troops are in tine condition, and the presence of General Halleck has inspired them with the Bt most confidence. He has brought order out of contusion for confusion there was alter the dearly bought victory there. No one denies it. The Southern papers still claim Shiloh as a victory, I see. They are easily satisfied. A contraband who came into one of our camps below the other day seemed to understand their claims. "Sambo," said the Colonel, "what do your folks say about the recent battles?" "Oh, dey saydey always whip you, massa." "And what do you think about it?" The darkey scratched his head and grinned from ear to ear as he replied, "Dey cau't tool dis nigga dey neber advance!'' our townsmen here There are a number here in the several departments of the army from Indianapolis. They are all well. Paymaster HaMM has just got in from below, and leaves in the first boat for Paducah. Mr. Burgess of the 34th has gone to Louisville for supplies, and Mr. Lichteiihein is here wait ing for transportation to New Madrid. By the way, I must not forget our friend, McNauglit. Peter is the managing director of the 47th sutler establishment now at Tiplonville, and takes kindly to the discomforts of his post. He is very popular, and tells a story with as much vim as he would at Martin Hug's or Beebe's. Mr. B. F. Reed is chief of the issuing department of the Post Quartermaster, and has his hands full. He is now seated at a desk just opposite me with a bible on one side of him, and the army regulations on the other, up to his eyes iu voluminous returns. It takes watching and praying to keep things straight. Capt. Bradshaw's business is immense exceeding, I think, that done iu the Quartermaster General's department at Indianapolis when the troops were being fitted out. I could have had no idea of it had I not become familiar with the different offices through which the machinery under his supervision is kept at work B Our Army Correspondence From W inchewter. Winchester, Va., April 20, 1862 En. Sentinel: From Harper's Ferry to this place, a distrtice of thirty miles, and for thirtymiles south of here. Union troops may be seen all along the line, moving towards Richmond. Gen. Blenker came into this neighborhood yesterday with his division. His men are nearly all Germans, and as fine specimens of that class of our citizens as I ever saw. The rebel Jackson is falling back on Richmond. The general impression prevails here that there will be no more hard fighting until our troops draw up before that city. The whole country around here is beautiful, but begins to show the desolating effects of civil war. There are hundreds of elegant mansions and tine farms deserted, which have been and are now occupied by our volunteers. The rebels regarded neither the property of their sympathizers uor that of the Union people; everything was taken or destroyed, just s it suited their convenience. There are over five hundred sick am' wounded in hospitals within the bounds of this city. Surgeon Gall has charge of the wounded men. His wards are well arranged, and his patients, though many are frightfully wounded, are cheerful, hopelul, and still talk of doing more fighting. Dr. Gall is devoted to his charge, and his patients are devoted to him It is to be very much regretted that there are not more such men in the medical corps. Although it is admitted that the Union sentiment in this section of Yirginia is gaining strength, yet one cannot help observing that the love for the Union depends upon letting the "peculiar institution" alone. The people of this region have suffered a great deal from the ravages of the rebels. Subsistenceof every kind has been taken without money and without price, and iu hun dreds of instances maliciously destroyed. Pro visions, in consequence, sre sold at enormous prices. Flour is worth $S 50 per barrel; coffee $1 2.r per pound; butter 50c per pound; tea $5 per pound; salt $16 per bushel; and other things in like proportion. Secessionism has been terribly destructive. Many citizens who were raised in affluence have been reduced to want by vesting their means in the Confederacy. The runaway negroes may be seen eterywheteinour army. The most of them look like big baboons, and are about as useful to our people as the fifth wheel to a wagon. The negro's idea of freedom is, "No work and plenty to eat." Yours, 8. Our viuij correspondence From Cairo. Cairo, April 22, 1862. J. J. Binoham, Esq.: Yesterday afternoon the sun made a desperate effort to force a few rays through the murky atmosphere thst surrounded this region, but gave it up alter a struggle of an hour, and the night clossd in with the usual per sistent rain. An elemental truce, however, was fixed up, while the good people and the bad were dreaming of floods and shipwreck, aud this morn ing we were greeted by a glorious sunshine lookiug more beautiful from its rarity and infusing most delicious feelings from the same cause.

The rivet also ceased to rise sometime between nightfall and Awn, and the good people have been jubilant flr day. They have escaped so fsr the great misfortune of a break in the levee, aud although their habitations are chiefly surrounded by water, and they have to move about in boats and un bridges their rejoicing on their escape from a far greater calamity is hearty and sincere. What a blessing a stream of suusbiue often briugs in its train. Would that we could liope that the flood of our National calamities were now full and that the sunshine of peace would force its way through the storms and clouds that envelop the land in their gloomy folds. Those who set at home and read of war, and only visit battle-fields after a great slaughter, horrible as the sights are, have no idea ot the tithe of the suffering entailed by a great war. To kuow it and to appreciate it they must follow the march of an army in all weather be with the men in the damps and storms and the thousand varieties of exposure where disease is originateo. and follow the sick and dying the numberless discharged with broken constitutions to their homes They must see the fields desolated on a march and the ruflering unavoidably entailed on innocent and helpless parties at every step. Take our Indiana regiments as a sample. But a few months ago they lett home full a thousand strong at least full of lite aud hope and eager for the fray. How few comparatively have fallen iu battle, and yet they are already reduced one-half. Few of our regiments none indeed that I have met with, flafl turn out over five hundred hale, hearty men. What food for reflection is here. We look to Corinth and Yorktown anywhere that a great battle may be expected, as a blessing aud a relief. A terrible slaughter will be a great saving of life, and we should rejoice that the Napoleonic policy has at length beeti adopted by the enemy as well as by our own commanders. There is nothing new from above or below today that I can hear. A numberof heavy Dahlgren guns have arrived at the Naval Depot. They are savage-looking monsters. This Naval Depot is an institution peculiar to Cairo. It is a floating navy-yard, and a very neat aud rather extensive concern at that. see

- For the Daily State Sentinel. Martin Count)' I mini Democratic Convention. In pursuance of a call of the Central Committee ot Martin county, the board of canvassers, together with a mass convention of the Union Demcracy of Martin county, met in Dover Hill ou Wednesday, April 16, lt-62, and announced the nomination ot the following geullenien as candidates of the Union Democratic party for the various county offices at the eusuuig October election: . For Representative John R. O'Brien. For Clerk of the Circuit Court Richard C. Stephens. For Auditor J. Christopher O'Brien. For Sheriff Wm H Montgomery. For Recorder John H. Lockhart. For Coroner Jesse Donahey. For Co. Com. Elijah Bobbi't. Ou motion of C. S Dobbins. Esq., the nominations were declared unanimous. Ou motion of John N. Bteen, Esq., the following named gentlemen were chosen a committee to appoint delegates to the Congressional and Senatorial Conventions: R McCormack, D. D. Core, A. Shircliff, Win. Iutnan, J. J. O'Brien, Wm. M. Raney, A. W. hinnj , Richard Anderson, and Harrison Conuell. The committee having retired, the meeting was addressed by Hon. C. S. Dobbins. His remarks were brief , but sprightly and to the Doint, sparing neither Jew nor Gentile treason neither iu high places nor iu low neither in nor out of power. His effort was a complete success, making some most happy home-thrusts at the twin sisters in treason, Abolitionism and Secessionism. The committee having returned, reported the following delegates: To the Senatorial Convention R. McCormack, N Ledgerwood, B. Clements, A. Gaither, J. Kindall, T. Halbert, J. Gain, H. Able and J. Evans. Congressional Convention E. Moser, George Inman, A. Shircliff. Wm Inman, W.M. Raiuev, J. J. O'Brien, A. W. Inman, Thus. Hart, T. a. Tredaway. On motion of Thos. M. Clarke, the resolutions of the Democratic State Convention were adopted as expressive of the sentiments of the meeting. On mot ou of C. S Dobbins. Esq., it was determined that all Democrats of Martin county iu good standing be considered delegates to the Congressional and Senatorial Conventions. On motion of J. N. Breen, Esq., it was determined that the vote ot said delegations should be given by townships. On motion of J.N. Breen, Esq , C. S Dobbins was declared the choice of this county for Senator. On motion of C. S. Dobbins, it was ordered that the Secretary of this meeting furnish the editor of the Martin County Herald, the editor of the Vincennes Sun, aud the editor of the Indiana State Sentiyel with a copy of these proceedings, requesting them the publish the same. On motion, the Convention adjourned sine die. W. O WELCH, Chairman. Thos. M. Clarke, Sec'v. 71 r. Lincoln's Consistent Record. If anybody desires that we shall entertain any particular amount of confidence in the purpose of President Lincoln, let him first explain the record which he has made in reference to the abolition ol" slavery in the District of Columbia. As early as IS37 that record commences, when he, as a member of the Legislature of this Stale, with another memlier, entered his protest against certain resolutions passed, favoring the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia. In tbe protest he protestel: "The Congress of the United States has the power, unuer the Constitution, to abolish slavery iu the District of Columbia; but that oower ought not to be exercised unlets at the request of the people o said District." Mr Lincoln served one term in the lower house of Congress, ami in January, IMS, he iniroduied a bill providing for the abolition of slavery in that District, uooii the express condition that the people of the District should vote at a day specified to give the act effect. The latter clause of the section, providing fjr the vote of the people thereon, i; in these words: "And it shall be the duty of the President to canvass aaid votes immediately, and, if a Jar ity of them be found to Le tor this act, to forth with issue his proclamation, giving notice of the tact, and this act shall only be in full force and effect on and after the day of such proclamation." In the great canvass with Mr. Douglas for the Senate. Mr. Lincoln replied to an interrogation upon that point as follows: "1 would not be in favor of endeavoring to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia, unless it would be upon these conditions: First, that the abolition should be gradual. Second, that it should be on a vole of the majority of qualified voters in the Dit.-ict; and third, that a compensation should be made to unwilling own era " In his message hut a few weeks since, urging Congress to pass certain resolutions pledging the pecuniary aid of the Government to States adopting a system of gradual emancipation, be depre ca'es "sudden emancipation." Aud yet. with this long record before him. he signs the bill abolishing slavery in that District instantly and unconditionally, with very slight compensation, and directly against the known wishes of the people of the District. If, after this record, there are any grounds upon which to place any particular amount of reliance upon the "will. "'"back bone," or straightforward purpose of the President upon any question where aliolitionists are pulling on one side, we tail to appreciate them Chicago Timet. Sei en Thousand I ederals and Kenels Killed and Sixteen Thousand w ounded. Th Pittsburg correspondent of the Chicago Times w rites as follows, under date of the 20ih, in regard to the killed and wounded at the battle of Shilon: The work of burial is complete, and the returns show over six thobsand killed, of whom our thousand and four hundred were rebels. It is difficult to account tor this, but the rebel dead are undoubtedly double our own number. In estimating the mortality, tbe fatally wounded must be added to this number, swelling it to over seven thousand killed in the battle. In addition, there are eight thousand of our men in the hospitals, who were wounded in the battle We have no means of knowing how many of the enemy are wounded, but undoubtedly the number is as great as ours. Seven thousand killed and sixteen thousand wounded gives a total of twenty -three thousand men disabled in the great battle of Shiloh. We warn these AbolitiAstt not to be so fierce for confiscation. This thev call a slave holder's rebellion; but about the winding up of this matter, we shall have an Abolition rebellion. It is ouly an accident thai the latter didn't come first. Hence the Abolitionists should be moderate in their punishments; for with what measure ye mete, it äall be measured to you agaiu. Ijouisrille Democrat.