Indiana State Sentinel, Volume 21, Number 49, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 April 1862 — Page 1

INDIANA STATE VOL. XXI, NO. 49. INDIANAPOLIS, IND., MONDAY, APRIL 28, 1862. WHOLE NO. 1,15M.

THE

SENTINEL.

WEEKLY STATE SENTINEL. riTKD jksn rt rlisheh bvkby Monday atthk AKW ET1.EL OFFICE, SO. J SOUTH MERIDIAN STREET, OPPOSITE THE POSTOII'K'F. ELDER, HARRNESS & BINGHAM

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THE IDA.IX.T SEJSTTIISrEX, Will be sent by mail or express to subscribers at any point for fifty cents a month, or -ix dollars a year. All subscriptions invariably in advance. Address nam, harkxkssa bixgham. ind'pii. clrttcti ftlisccllvini). The Willfulnr of Fanaticism. The people in all ages have been fighting the assumptions of superiority and right to rule in matters of politics, morality, and religion. The struggle for freedom of personal action, so far as consistent with the rights of others, and freedom of conscience, has made as many battle fields as the love of power and conquest. And it would would seem that the war was never to end. It is true that, as contest after contest has achieved guaranteed rights for the people, and civilization and enlightenment followed in their train, we in this country have Iain down the sworn and rested these rights in the guarantees of the Constitution. But the same spirit is incident to human nature, and when organized into a fanatical majority it uses its power in the form of law as tyranically and as vindictively as if it rested its claim in pretended divine right and divine commissions. Hence we have had proscriptions for places of birth, proscriptions for religious belief, and proscriptions for individual opinions and actions. Hence we have had of late years Know-Nothiu gism. Abolitionism, and Maine-lawism. OrgauizeO fanatical majorities are the worst tyniuts of the whole brood. Professing to be laboring for the good of mankind, their conceited judgment points the way and their power applies the coercion. They never learn anything or forget anything. When they see in the long cata logue of the p-vst not only the utter failure of their system to accomplish any good, but its absolute and palpable results as nothing but evil, yet in the same spirit, the same illiberal fanaticism, they seize the same weapons to force upon others the dogmas of their own opinions. The South, they say, must and shall believe and act upou the subject of slavery as we do. The whole people shall take their morals upon the temperance question from our dictation. Therefore, we, the self-constituted possessors of all public morality, by the power of the State which we have been able to grasp, proclaim that everybody else shall do as we profess to do, and to this end all personal rights, and all rignts of property or liberty, inconsistent with our purpose, are hereby abolished. The last measure of these organized fanatics is from the Legislature of Iowa. That august assemblage, we understand, at its last session, passed an extremely pronibitory liquor law. Besides imposing the severest penal :ies for violations of the law, it provides that any person maygive information where liquors are known or suspected to be kept, on which information a search warrant in obliged to be issued, and no change of venue is allowed to the accused, no matter be tore what court he vntiy be brought on the complaint. The selling of alcoholic liquors is made a penitentiary uffei.se. That enactment is after the genuine pattern. Chicago Tune$. Thr Hesponslbility for tlio War. We know of no example for the sublime impudence of the Republican leaders in denying their responsibility for the war. They shall not escape the responsibility, nevertheless. The war nor secession was a necessary consequence of the election of Mr. Lincoln. He could himselt have averted secession, and of course war, by a few simple, assuring words, spoken in pood time after his election. The Republican leaders in Congrass could have averted secession, and of course war, by a littie assuring legislation during the first few weeks of the session which commenced in Decemler, lt60; and after the secession of the cotton States, they could have con fined secession to those States, which would speedily have collapsed, after a little assuring legislation. All this every intelligent reader un- '! !- m. i-w-;i a we do, aud we have only to recall Lis recollection of events from the election - the inauguration of Mr. Liccolu, to fix, in every intelligent reader's mind, the responsibility lor the war. But let us bring a little testimony. to bear upon the question. Republicans are of late fond of quoting Douglas. It. m iking him a witness, they admit u to the right of cross question, and they cannot IssnfSMtsM the credib lity of their own witdm in any respect. We seek to know from Douglas, therefore, whether the Republican lead ers might not 1iavc averted secession and war by a littie assuring legislation; and we find his ansaer n a -;ee-li delivered by him m the Senate on the 3d day of January, 161, on the measure of conciliation which him-elf had introduced. Said he: "I believe this to be a fair basis of amicable adjustment. If you of the Republican side are not w illing to accept this, nor the proposition of I tie Senator from Kentucky, (Mr. Crittenden) limy tell it what you are willing to iloT "1 address the inquiry to Republicans alone for the reason that in the Committee of Thirteen a lew days ago, every member from the South, in-ln. ling those irom the cotton Stites ' Messrs. Tootni and D.vn) expressed their reediaeM to acce;K the projoition of my etiemble friend from Kentucky (Mr. Crittenden) as a final settlement of the eoutrovet'- . if ,n' ended and s us tained'by the Republican members. "Hence, the sole responsibility of our disagreement, and the only difficulty in the wy of MB amicable adjustment, is with the Republican p,.rty " M irk the language: "The sole r.ponibility -i our di. agreement, and the only difficulty in the way of amw able adjustment, is the Republican p-.Ttv." We -oiiiel this language in die ears of every man and woman in the land upon whom the consequence ol this war fall with tTwthinjr weigUt mm T hsjre is another witness whom we wish to ex amine in this connection It is Wendell Phillip. who was recently feasted by the Vice President of' the Cnited States, the Speaker ot the House td Representative., and other Republican leider in Washington, and who certainly has lately been füll accepted as a sjospeler by the leading K publican pre of the country. We Want to show by him why the Republican or anti slavery lead-

era in Congress would not agree to any of the measures ot conciliation which were urged by Douglas, Crittenden and other patriot- during the cession of 18612, and which would have been accepted by lite South, and averted secession and war. In a speech in Tremont Temple, Boston, after the close of the above-named session of Congress, Phillips testified: "The anti-slavery party had hoped for and planned disunion, bemuse it would lead to the development of mankind and the elevation of the black man." And he added: "In six months I expect a separation. The game is up, the Union is at an end. We have purchased nothing hut disgrace. The North is bankrupt in character as in money. Before the summer ends we shall see two confederacies." We have said enough, and shown chough, to set the reader to thinking. We leave him to his thoughts. Chicwjo Times. From the Richmond Whig. A Table of Distance. As a matter of convenient reference we publish the following table of air-line distances (miles) between the most important points ir. the neighborhood of Norfolk. The measurements are mathematically accurate being the results of careful triangulation. If we have any captious readers, they must not suppose we are giving the enemy information, for we cull the items from the charts of the const survey, hundreds of which are among the archives of the Federal Baboon himself. The table is worth preserving: FROM NORFOLK TO FROM FORT MONROE TO Fort Monroe 11 Mill Creek Bridge. Newport News. .. J034 Kip Raps 1 Sowell's Point . .. 7 Hampton 2 Ocean View 7'4' Willoughby Point. 2j Sandy Point 4$ Sowell's Point. . . 4 Pit l'oint H' Newport News

itoush's Bluff 4?.. Sandy Point. . 6 Craney Island 4 Cranev Island 8 Lambert's Point... 2' 2 Pig Point Naval Hospital P't. 0 krom sowell's point to Hampton 12'.. V illoughbv Point. 2 Hip Haps 10 " Roush's Biuff 2'., Willoughby Point. r?! Rip Raps 3 " FROM ( RANKT ISLAND TO RipRaps Mfj Newjmrt News. . . . 6 Newport News. .. . 5 Fort M mroe I Hampton h Kip Raps Wl LLOIGIIB Y POINT To Pi'' Point 4 Rip Raps 1'., Sowell's Point.... 41., Fort Monroe. . . Roush's Bluff. .. . 2 Hampton Naval Hospital P't. 3 V From Naval Point Hospital to Boush's Bluff, 42 miles: from Sandy Point to Camp Talbott, 2 miles; from Newport's to Willoughby Point, d1., miles. The star indicates the distance of the Sawyer gun experiment. Taking Richmond as the center, the following table shows at a glance the distauce of different points in Virginia from there: MILKS From Norfolk to Richmond is IM From Suffolk to Richmond H From Cape Henry to Richmond li0 From Hampton to Richmond 96 From Fort Monroe to Richmond I'll From Yorktown to Richmond 70 From Williamsburg to Richmond . 60 From Fredericksburg to Richmord 65 From Washington to Richmond 130 From Winchester to Richmond 150 From Gordonsville to Richmond 7(1 From Staunton to Richmond 120 The Terrible Weapon. The exploits of theParrott gun. at the siege et Fort Pulaski, are but the prelude of what can aud will be done with that tremendous weapon. The guns, which from their position on Rig Tybee Island, over a mile from the Fort, were able to drive cast irou bolts through the stone wall as if it had been a cheese, were nothing but thirty pounders, having only the same calibre as the old nine-inch smooth-bore. The one hundred pounders, to the production of which the resources of the West Point Foundry have lately been directed, is a piece of vastly greater destructive powers, as the rebels will find out when they hear from it. When the first specimen of this weapon was turned out, a short time ago, there was a great deal of theoretical doubt about its successful operation, but experiments which were carefully made at the foundry, and at Sandy Hook, soon established its amazing capabilities. The Government promptly took the hint, and has enough Parrott one hundred pounders in the right places to pro duce the right effect at the right time. Mr. Parrott has made important improvements in the gun and the missile since his first invention, the nature of which it would not be proper to speak of in this connection. It woulr. be equally ill timed to give the wonderful results of certain experiments recently made by the inventor. The scientific world must wait not long, perhaps for the repetition of these experiments on a grander scale in actual conflict. The prediction is not a rash one, that these great Parrott guns will upset a good many notions o," invulnerability that are now regarded as scientific truths. And the end is not yet. Guns of still larger calibre are in process of construction, which will in their turn shoot new ideas into the rebels, and, perhaps, furnish a new tonic to the British Parliament. N. Y. Jour nal of Commerce. Coollt Impipext The claim that nobody has a right to oppose Black Republicanism, is about us cool as anything that has appeared even in these times of astounding developments of political arrogance and impudence. We are told by Connecticut Republican papers that the Democracy of this State overstep the line of their duty and proper business, in presuming to set up a ticket against the Black Republican ticket. There was " no excuse " for so doing; it was a wilful piece of insubordination ! Indeed? We believe the Democracy of old Connecticut, though for the present defeated, "still live," and will ere long convince these arrogant politicians of the Abolition stripe that they have the rights now so superciliously denied. The Portland (Me.) Aryu speaks of this subject as follows: Whenever lefore. even in a times of profound peace and abundant prosperity and party appeals are sureiy justifiable then if ever has any party had the unblushing modesty (?) to ask all other parties to give up their organizations and train in thiir company, under their captains?!! If the proposition is not the very sublimity of impudence, it must be in that neighborhood. And then only to think of it such captains ! so many of them with their hands in the Treasury in the pockets of the soldiers, or cheating the coats off their backs, or the shoes off their feet. No ! thank you can't accept such an invitation, no how. Hart ord (Conn.) Timet, April H. Frauds in the trill) Coll The bill in the House of Representatives to appropriate thirty millions of dollars to make up the deficiencies of former estimates led to a sharp ili-cusiui, in which it was charged that there were "atrocious frauds and speculations by the War Department;" that is, as formerly conducted. One member stated, moreover, that it was rumored that the $.'W,(HMI,(KK) was to pay for a defalcation in the War Department when it was under the directionof Mr. Cameron. Mr. Dawes ol Massachu-etts, said il was notorious that otti cers of mere skeletons of regiments were receiving full pay fordoing nothing, and was doubt fnl if such regiments existed at all except'on paper It is strange that, if our army numbers nearly 71(0,000 men, mid that so many men are under pay, there should be only 4.16,4411 on the rolls. The estimate was for half a million of men, the number Congress intended to raise; but by some hocus picus we arc informed at one time that the number raised is 5K2.000, and then again that it is nearly 700.000. There ought ot to be this uncertain! v, and public-justice demands that a rigid inquiry ought to be made int. the allegation that army pay is drawn on fictitious rolls of regiments which have scarcely an existence. This would be better work for a committee ot Congress than the foolish inquiry as the alleged inhumanity with which the enemy conducts the war, and a ttootlesa investigation about dead men's bones t Manassas. The legitimate burthens of the war will be heavy enough without üdding thereto fraudulent millions. Let a searching inquiry be made N. Y. Herald. fy The arrest of Simon Cameron at the suit of Pierre Butler tor false imprisonment, in the latter having lieen sent to Fort Lafayette under IK) other authority than Cameron's order as Secretary of War. is the beginning, we hope, of m' l-nre- that will bring t" ju-l punishment the usurper who hare so mwrilessly ib ed so many citizen of their rights. The Constitution needs vindicating in the persons of Sir Cameron and Mr. Seward, and the eop'.e owe it to themselves to ee that it is vindicated. Ckicagm Time.

Tobacco. The nations of the civilized world are deriving jnst now one of the largest items in their respective revenues from this weed which vanishes in smoke. The Pope would be bankrupt in a month if tobacco should fail, or men should stop smoking, for he enjoys an income of some hundred thousand scudi every year out of Ml monopoly of the trade, which is farmed out to a well known bauking and commercial house in Rome. France would suffer enormously if the auti tobacco society should convert the French nation from ci garettes, pipes and snuff. England would reduce lie- reveuues disastrously if the practice of using tobacco were abandoned there. The revenue of Great Britain from tobacco alone was last year 5,61)4,03-2, or say $2,000,000. The revenue of France from tobacco, for nine months in the year le60, was 13?,3;")5,000 francs, or say $27,000,000, to which add onethird for the rem aini.ig three months, and we have an item of $36,000,000 going into the coffers of the Gallic emperor every year from the smoking and snuffing habits of his people. Chewing is not a Freuen or English vice. The item in the Papal revenue is so large that we may safely af firm that Louis Napoleon would be spared the bother of settling the question of the temporal power, if he could extinguish pipes and cigars in the Roman dominions. Who ever thought before how largely the Catholic Church is dependent on the vapor of nicotine! America and England are the only civilized nations which we now call to mind, in which the growing, preparing, selling and using of tobacco is entirely free from Government interference, by direct taxation, but this is not to be the case hereafter, and we are to join the other great nations who derive parts of their internal revenue from the smoke of the Virginia weed. France monopolizes the trade entirely. Spain does something of the same sort. The Pope sells, directly or indirectly, all the tobacco that is used in his dominions. When it thus appears that the habit of smoking is a matter of national and world wide importance, the history of the habit becomes more interesting than as a mere curious question of the past, ft has been by some doubted whether it was of American origin. The well kuown story of the importation of the custom into England from the shores of the Western continent is without doubt correct, but it has been suggested that the fact of finding the greatest nation of smokers in the world in the Orient, namelv the Turks, and finding tobacco there also, indicates a knowledge of the custom in the East wholly independent of the American discovery. Examination leads, however, to the conviction that this is one ot the customs which the Turks have derived from civilization. It is well known that prior to to the 17th century all the western part of Europe was thoroughly familiar with the Levant. The Saracens, Turks, Arabs and all the inhabitants ot Syria, Egypt and Turkey were known to the Venetians, Spaniards, French and English, and it is wholly impossible that the custom of smoking to bacco could exist in the East ami not be known in the West. It is nowhere mentioned in the numerous descriptions of the inhabitants of the Eastern countries, written aud published prior to the 17th century, aud indeed the surprise and curiosity which the introduction of the custom into England caused in that nation, is alone sufficient evidence that it was then a new thing to European and Asian habits of life. The smoking of opium and hasheesh in the East may have been long before practised, but this bears no more resemblance to smoking tobaco-, than drinking opium does to drinking wine. The one process is mere short and rapid application of a stimulant, for the sake of its effects, quite different from the custom of burning, a weed, and inhaling, or taking into the mouth, its smoke, l'gm hour to hour. The Mohammedan religion torbids the use of tobacco, "drinking tobacco" as they call it, during certain prescribed fasts. Hence, it has been argued, tobacco was known to Mahommedans long before the discovery of America. The argument fails, for tobacco is not mentioned in the Koran, nor in the earlier traditions which the Moslems regard as of equal authority with theii sacred book. Hut it is included in some of the general formulas of tasting, where it is forbidden to eat or drink during certain hours and days, and no oue can fix an early date to these specifications. We think it may be regarded as certain that America furnished to the world the greatest ol its present extravagant habits, and to the nations of Europe their most prolific source of revenue. Since the discovery of the weed here its cultivation has extended over the world, and the East rivals the West in the production of a good article. The chewers of tobacco of course go no farther than Virginia for their supply, but smokers are not thus content. The varieties of smoking tobacco in the markets of the world are numerous. Cuba furnishes the most highly prized cigars; Connecticut furnishes Cuba with leaves for the wrappers of many of these very cigars; Virginia supplies from her immense factories a hundred varieties of fine cut and smoking tobacco; France grows an indefinite quautitv of caporal; the mountains of Switzerland, especially some of the slopes near Vevay, produce the best tolacco grown on the continent of Europe; while the Northern slopes of the Lebanon mountains grow the most delicate and highly prized tobacco in the world, which is almost exclusively sold to the Egyptian market, and seldom seen west of Alexandria. Persia produces fine varieties of to bacco, and the cultivation extends into all parts of Asia where the nlant will grow. All this lor smoke, and yet a smoke which keeps money stirriug to and fro, freights ships, turns the wheels of lactone supports kings and dynasties. One does not feel it quite as much in America as in Europe, but in France or Italy, wheu a man enjoys a quiet cigar he adds to the pleasure of the weed, a satisfaction in knowing that he is humbly contributing to koep in motion the great wheels of Empire, and hereafter American smokers may add the same considerations to their pleasure N. Y. Jour, vf Com.

Special Dispatch to the New York World. The French .ninlstrr in Kichmond. The visit of M. Mercier to Richmond via Norfolk, is creating an unusual amount of gossip in this city respecting the probable objects of this singular mission. It is argued that the visit cannot be to inspect the Merrimac, as that has aire, idy oeen done by the officers of the French vessels at Hampton Roads, whose reports also would be of more value than that of the Minis ter. Nor can it be, as is given out, that it had reference to the tobacco owned by the French Government in Richmond, as that is a matter which could be bct'-r attended to by the French Consul at that place. The visit of an ambassador accredited to a friendly power to the rebellious subjects of that power, necessarily has a peculiar significance. It. of course, cannot be on any mission unfriendly or antagonistic to the country to which he is accredited. The object, then, must be a friendly one. France is in no condition to take upon herself the burden of a war in behalf ot the South. At the same time her want of to bacco mid cotton is very great, and the theory which finds the most believers here is that, owing to instructions received by the last steamer, M. Mercier has been deputized to proceed to Richmond to see upon what terms au accommodation can be had between the two contending (lowers. It is reasonable to suppose that previous to this visit, M. Merciei has had conferences with Secretin Seward, and that the latter approves of the mission, whatever it may be. There are parties here who affirm that it is the intention of the Minister to advise the Confederate Government to give up the contest, provided the Southern States can be restored to their old status in tlie Union, and that should the South fail to do so il must cx pect a decided opposition of France to the further prosecution of the war. If this should be so, it is believed here that the South could nut do better than to close with the French Euqieror's offer whatever it may be, an they would certainly secure better terms than if the war continued to the bitter end, and the inrposition of a friendly power would reconcile the North to less humiliating conditions than it would otherwise exaot. Whether the country would submit to auy interference from a foreign power in this war is of course another question. Mr. Seward's declara tion to Lord Lyons is however, on record, that in the final accommodation with the Confederates the United States will display a magnanimity such an the world haa not yet seen. It may never be known what the precise object of M. Mercier's visit may have been. At present the opinion inclines to she belief that it is au effort on the part of the French Emperor to bring about a reunion or the State. y Dr. Joseph M WhiteseJI has been com missioned Assistant Surgeon ol the With Indiana, in place of Ketsey, promoted.

Our Arni- Correspondence From the 'I . ssissippl Kit er. On Board Steamer Shixoiss, April 1G and 17, ltb'2. ) J. J. Bingham, Esq.: The Captain ot the steamer says the strange name she bears "Shingiss" was the name of an Indian queen, who ruled belore the days of Braddock over the coal hills about Pittsburg, l'a., and was distinguished for many noble qualities. However that may be, the Captain is a clever man, and presides over a fast boat. Ry permission from the Naval Commandant at Cairo, Mr. Hollowav aud mvself were allowed to take a room on theShingiss, and run down with her to the licet wherever that might be found. We left Cairo at 2 P. M., and at 4 o'clock, the present writing, have just passed Hickman, a distauce of forty miles, against a strong head wind, that sends the waves in spray clear over the cabin. The river is very high and rising. The rise is from both the Ohio aud the upper Mississippi, and it is feared it will make against the operations of the land forces below. Yesterday morning, as I passed up. there wan quite a little bank visible at Columbus, and now the water is over the streets and lots of the town. The situation of this whilom stronghold is, I presume, lamiliar to your readers. It is a semi-circular bottom, containing four or five hundred acres, skirted by hills or bluffs, with the river sweeping its front. The fortifications on these hill are very extensive ana very strong seemingly impregnable to any force that could be brought against them. They are well planned. The only de feet is in the water batteries. They are enfxely unprotected, and herice would have been, as Beauregard is sdd to have pronounced ihtm, complete "slaughter pens'" if our immense inotars had ;ot ranize on them. It is thought tlie works will be kept up the water batteries com p.eted and the place made a depot for the heavy puns and ordnance stores captured and to be taken on the river. AT TIITONVILLE. We passed New Madrid aoout dusk. Three steamen vtt horses and stores were still there. It was dark und raining when we reached Tip tonville. A regular New Madrid thunder and lightning earthquake storm was brewing. The orders of the Captain were to run directly to the fleet, but to keep out in the stieam in such a storm as was raging, would be certain destruction to the cratt, and the Captain determined to lay up until the fury ot the storm was passed. Gen. Slack's brigade, in which was the 47th Indiana regiment, was en camped about a mile below, and we determined to visit them. Getting ashore in such a hurri cane was a matter of some danger and difficulty, and groping our way through the horses ancl teams of a large body of cavalry, was no less difficult; but guided by the vivid lightning which lit up the entire encampment every tew moments, we contrived to get through without a kick or a scratch. We found Gen. Slack still up with his aids Lieutenants DeHart and Daily, making himself master of his situation, receiving reports from scouts, ic. While the rain fell in torrents on the canvas covering, and the thunder roared as it only can bellow in this region, and the lightning flashed blindingly, we jassed a very pleasant hour with our Indiana friends. By the -vay, the Indiana troops in the Mississippi division of the army are badly clad. The Slate is anxious to supply them, but red tape is somewhere at fault. Let it be cut at once, and not have our poor boys, as I have often seen them, searching for old cofTee sacks in which to wrap their feet for want of shoes when ordered at night to the trenches. DOWN THE RIVER. By midnight the storm had blowed itself out. aud one of those dull, hot, foggy calms peculiar to this region had succeeded it. The Captiiu resolved to take the chances and run anyhow, as he had dispatches for Commandant Foote and a large mail for the fleet. It was a dangerous business, the pilots said. The tog w as so thick that the green trees of the shore were not visible at over one hundred feet, and then very indistinctly. The bends had to be guessed at, but the pilots were familiar with the river and calculated the distance made, working out the situation of the craft in the same manner that marines do when an "observation" is not to be had. At daylig: t we were met by a steamer with a peremptory order from General Pope to put back. The reply was that the "Shiugiss" belonged to the Navy, aud received orders from the Commodore only. In an hour more we were in the midst of General Pope's transports just above Dum Point bend. They were all afloat and such a rapid succession of shrill whistles as our arrival created was never heard before. It was like turning a fresh hog in a pen of old porkers. Every tellow had a grunt at us, and as we could only see their black smoke slowly winding up and back in the thick white mist, and they could only see our smoke, it completely mystified us. Presently the signal from the flag boat was heard to report. We ran close up, and General Pope and Assistant Secretary of War, Colonel Scott, with other dignitaries, became visible on the afterguard of the "Perry." They wanted to know what the devil we were doiug there. Told them, and inquired where Commodore Foote was to be found, and was told he had not changed his position since the Shingiss left him. Some one wanted to know where the armv was going, aad IJI " DP1 was told that a portion was bound "up the Tennessee." THE FLAO SHIP. While rounding Florence Island and making for the Tennessee shore the mist lifted, so that the low black mass of the "Benton" was distinctly visible, Flag Officer's signal to "round to and report" was heard. A tug came along side; the "Shingiss" was ordered to lay to and await orders, and in a few moments we were on board of the flag ship. Her iron-clad deck was scrupulously ciean and order reigned above and below. The tinest cambric handkerchief might sweep her gun-deck without being stained, and the crewgrouped about cheerful without being noisy, and in point of cleanliness presentable in any society. While my friends wet engaged with the Commodore in his cabin. 1 was suffered to inspect the ship and had all my questions politely answered. 1 regret now that 1 did not also send in my card, for our party concur iu representing Flag Officer Foote as affable and agreeable a gentleman as weil as a hero, and iu this many thousands will agree with me that he differs from some of our fresh Hedged Generals whose mushroom honors have made them so boorish that it will take years of civil life herealter to make them decent pets iu society. THE UOUBAROMEST. Col. Fitch, who commands the advanced brigade of the army here, accompanied by his brother, Lelloy Fitch, of the navy, came on board to confer w ith the Commodore just as we were about leaving the Benton. An invitation to an early dinner on board of the ordnance ship and a promise that we should accompany a reconnoissance of the rebel batteries iuduced us to deter our return to the "Shingiss'' and accompany them. For two days the big; guns on both sides have been sullenly silent. The rebels only stir themselves when our folks wake them up, and this was one of the days appointed to pitch a few shells into their nest. The defenses are at the first Chickasaw Wulfs, on the Tennessee shore. Ou all maps that I have seen it is called Fort Randolph, and Fort Pillow is placed below. The river just above the bluff makes one of those abrupt bends so common on the Mississippi the Arkansas shore ruuning out like a promontory, the tall timber ot which hides the blutf. From the middle of the river above nothing appears to vary the monotony of numberless similar scenes cx cept the appearauce of a slight elevation beyond the point , as if a cluster of trees had taken a notion to outstrip their neighbor in growth. From the Tennessee shore, however, where the Hag ship lays, the high laud is to be seen, dotted with tents which the rebels have beea moving since yesterday The river narrows at the point; the bluff is bristling with caution, so that a ves sei rounding the point would run into their jaws. A I! ut a mile or a mile and a half above the proinoutory, and iu the middle of the river at its present stage, is an island, ortowhead bar. Par itllel witli the foot of this, on the Tennessee shore, the flag ship ia anchored, with the navy transports above. Oppoaite the head of the bar, and stretching upwards on the Arkansas shore, lay the army transports. The gunboats are an chored in the stream below, and he mortnr fleet is in position on the upper side of the promontory or bend. The tugboats are here, there, and everywhere, skimming constantly over the broad expanse of water carrying message and orders. Shortly after meridian Captain Myiidiera of the army , the chief of the mortar fleet, announced all ready. The tug boat came alongside and Cols. Fitch and McLean, Mr. Hollowav and my

self with the naval and military gentlemen immediately interested, stepped on board. The active little craft ran down by the mortar fleet, Captain Myndiers gi-ing his orders to the several mortem as she passed the boats, and then she headed for the opposite shore, the pilot having orders to place her directly opposite the bend. As she passed it (the bend) the bluffs lifted to view and when we reached the middle of the river the upper rebel battery was to be seen distinctly with the naked eve. The tug headed up stream and kept steady while the oflicers swept the hill with their glasses. Presently the signal was given to the first mortar boat to opeu fire. A volume of smoke rose slowly up, a heavy roar so loud that I have not language to describe it succeeded and this was followed by a rumbling as of distant thunder as the ßhell sped through the air. These immense shells do not scream or screech in their progress ai lesser missiles do they rumble aud reverberate almost beating nature in their imitation of thunder. Every eye was strained to note the effect of the shot. Moments elapsed, the thunder rolling ou and on, when a small white cloud was seen immediately above the cliff which sent back a sound like a twenty-four pounder. The shell had burst the range was right. Another and another succeeded in rapid succession Irom the other boats, followed and mixing up the thunder in such confusion that earth and water seemed to quake. They all had range. The rebel gunboats below steamed up to get out ol the way, for we could see ;he black smoke from their stacks getting blacker and swaying in large clouds above them. The reconnoissance was over the fight was opened, and Capt. Myndiers gave orders to run for the mortir boats. The rebel batteries were slow to respond, but when they did open they kept up the fire briskly and with their heaviest guns. Their shells mostly burst in the woods on the promontory and their solid shot went clear over the mortar boats. The boats were hid from their view bv the timber and they aimed tor the smoke of the guns as it rose above the trees. In half an hour the fight was hot and the constant roar of such hcavv artillery was deafening. The rebels evidently have some fine guns iu position and of heavy caliber. A one hundred and twenty pound shot struck within a few feet of the Carondolet, dashing the water over Mr. Fishback of the St. Louis Demo erat, as he sood.one ot" the group on her deck. The sight was grand. The decks of all the ves sels were crowded with spectators and the panorama of the broad bay with its infinite variety of craft and the many thousands witnesses wjn exceedingly beautiful, if such a word can be appropriately used amidst such a stormy cannonade. For two hours the mortar boats thundered and the rebels replied, when orders were given to throw our shell every hi teen minutes and keep it up at that. The trip to the fleet paid well if only to witness the bombardment of a few hours which I have so feebly described. II.

From the Koston Courier, April 13. Wendell fkllllfi on the Policy of fsovcrnnient. The abstract which we give of Wendell Phillips's address we commend to the public consideration. The sjieech is an "eye opener" not for its logic, cortainly, its sense or its decency but for its revelations. Last evening, Wondell Phillips delivered an address by invitation of the Fraternity Association, iu Trement Temple. The body of the hall was crowded with people, and the galleries were about half full. Rev. J. M. Manning and Collector J . Z. Goodrich occupied prominent seats on the platform. Mr. Phillips was introduced by Mr. Charles W. Slack, who said, in substance, that he (Mr. P.) had recently placed i.is hand on the heart of the great West, and found it all right. In commencing, Mr. Phillips said: I certainlv owe great thanks to you and the Fraternity that have given me an opportunity to speak here to night, marked as this week is by one of the greatest events in the history of progressive movements, that any of us has seen, or any of us perhaps, may be permitted to see. For the first time the constituted authorities make one step towards the motto "Freedom National." Neither you nor I could have expected to live to see that result not the most sanguine of us expected so much. In a nation that lives so fast, it gives good promise that some of us may live to see the whole country, so far as it acknowledges the stars and stripes, free from the fetters of slavery. South Carolina, flinging down the gauntlet of battle, has led the w ay in the abolition of slavery; and as heretofore the nation follows her lead. I came back from the West with the same idea that I carried there, that the death of slavery is recorded. You may see it in the expression of the people ; you may see it In the expression of the nation, and, 1 think, in the intention of the statesmen; but 1 care little for intentions. When I see a man half way dow n the Falls of Niagara I don't ask his intentions. I find great encouragement everywhere. I find it in the disposition of the President. I believe lie means what he said to the Bolder State Commissioners "Gentlemen, vou love slavery; I hate it; you mean it shall live; I mean it shall die." I believe he lacks neither intention nor capacity. If he lucks anything, he lacks will. I tielieve that what he lacks will be found in his Cabinet, which exists in one man, who, like Atlas, is able to bear the whole nation on his shoulders Stanton. I don't believe in anv Cabinet outside of him. We had a Secretary of State once who told the Minister to France, Mr. Dayton, that the conflict would cease without disturbing the status of the slave; but ihe nation has drifted so far that he is lost sight of. Mr. Chase, who placed McClellan at the head of the army, against the earnest remonstrance of General Scott, has faded out of sight. The key-note of the Secretary of War is, "You'll tight, or you'll go out. Mr. Blair says, "Why can't I have a court martial for Fremont;'" "Because I have too much to do to wash your dirty linen," says the Secretary. I don't think the Secretary of War is an Abolitionist to day, but be is on the anxious seat. If ME Davis holds out till next January, he will be one. I don't believe the newspaper stories that Stanton has gone out of the Cabinet; but if he has, we have lost the key ol our position. He is the only man ou the continent who deserves the name of the .Napoleon of the crisis. Mr. Lincoln may abolish slavery he can't save it; the nation may abolish slavery it can't save it. God has said, "Let my people go;" but we have been hardening our hearts until He now seals the mission of emancipation in the blood of our first-born. Toombs said he would call the roll of his slaves on Bunker Hill; I have first heard the roll call of a Massachusetts regiment on the sacred soil. The President is ahead as yet of the manifestations of the people. He has taken a step in advance aud holds out his hand for support. Iiis recent message contains more than we have accorded to it. Noticing some criticisms ou his message lately, he said there was "more in him than people saw." In illustration he told a story of nn irishman down in Maine who went into au apothecary's store and called for a glass o! soda. The Maine law was in force, and he whispered to the man behind the counter, "You couldn't put a drop of thecrather into it, could y er, unbeknownst to meself?" "So this message," said the President, "contains something unbeknown to those who asked for it." Be happy that you live to hear such words as are conveyed by that message. For the first time the Administration of this country has done at anti-slavery act. A abort time ago McCl dlan banished the Hutchinsons from ihe Potomac a slight sign; the soldiers hang on to John Brown a great ign. The Gulf States have made up their mind; there is no Unionism iu them, except it; the city of New Orleans because of her commerce. The Gulf States nay, "Slavery without the Union" the Border "States say, "Slavery and the Uuion," and the Northern States have made up their mind that they want "Union without slavery." If this cannot be made manifest as the mind of the North, the Union is gone; neither you nor I will ever see it again. I believe it iloes exist, and it is our duty to make it manifest. That is what I have to say to you to-night. Mr. Phillips said the golden hour afforded by our reverses at Manassas and Ball's Bluff for declaring direct emancipation had gone by. With victory to our arms, party lines tire being drawn. The Democratic party is drawing its lines. The recent municipal elections all over the bind indi cate this. The future of the negro was securehe was out of the ring. The question to be de cliled waa. "Are free institutions to survive this struggleT" There should be no union of parties without a community of Ideas. It leads to the election or such men na Judge Thomas, in the House of Representatives. An empty seat there would be worth its weight in diamonds. The message he brought to them from the West was, "Give us a support of ideas, not words." He

got a Democratic indorsement at Cincinnati, which opened his way to the heart of the West so rapidly that he was afraid people would think it was a collusion. The Courier nd Post say, why dou't vou bring the 400,000 slaves in South Carolina to Massachusetts? Why don't the editor of the Courier go to South Carolina? Because there is no pro -slavery paper for him to edit there. He stays here because he finds something to do so much the worse for us Why don't the negro come to Massachusetts? Because he can't raise wheat, or edit the Cnr thank God for that last. The Courier and Pout talk of compensation for slaves set free. Compensation for whom? Thieves and beggars! We give slaveholders money because they can't take care of themselves, and we set the slaves free because they can. That was the way he looked at it. He came here to hear the Democrats talk of the ne gro not being able take care of himself, when he saw on the Washington Register that Stephen A. Douglas once mortgaged his house to a negro for $12,000. It shows that a negro not only had money, but that he knew enough not to lend it to a Democratic candidate for President without having it secured by mortgage. McClellan, Halleck, Buell and Grant, who put negroes outside of their lines when their masters are likely to be in the vicinity, are to go by the board, and the Fremonu and Hunters and Siegels are to be put in their places, before this war ia brought to a successful termination. Applause and hisses. I expect to be hissed for that for some time to come, but it is true. The dead timber in the Cabinet, and the Major Generals taken from the regular array, who like the South better than the North, are all to be sloughed off. The sky is bright for the negro, but dark for the white man. You haven't a paper, said Mr. Phillips, in Boston, which dares to print Mr. Sum ner's speech delivered on this platform. Not till the New York Herald had printed the speech did the Boston Journal skulk up to Mr. Sumner's study and ask for a copy ot it. The only papers that have the courage are the sycophants of South Carolina. He had yet to hear the first word of justice from a Boston paper since the Cincinnati mob. So long as the class of men who occupy the seat of their grandfathers live, the Boston Courier will live. They can find fault with the Welleses, but why does no voice go up from the Exchange indorsing the President's policy? If the North American Review denounces Charles Sumner as a traitor, let Faneuil Hall indorse him as a statesman. If Massachusetts saves herselfit will be in spite of her editors. Mr. Phillis closed Iiis address by urging his hearers to encourage the President to enlarge his border State message, aud encourage the Secretary of War to say, death to every institution that interfered with the progress of the war. From the Cincinnati Pric Current, April 23. Financial und Commercial Summary for the Past Week. The great abundance of money continues and the supply is increasing, without any increase in the demand for it, trom sources satisfactory to capitalists, who are not as yet willing to go beyond first class business pajer. As the supply of unemployed capital increases and the success ot the Government army continues, there is an in creased demand for the securities of the Government, and there is an active demand for the 7 .'1-Plth Treasury notes at over par. It is clear that iu no way can money be invested now, to payso large a net interest, as in these securities, the only draw-back being the fear that an attempt will be made by a political party after the war, to repudiate this Government debt, and make this issue a stepping-stone to power and place. If the American people will thus permit themselves to be used by any faction, then has this great war been iu vain, and the blood which has been poured out profusely by the citizens of the loyal States, has been shed to no purpose. "Righteousness exalte'.!. a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people," should be the motto ot our Government always, for upon no other toundation can it stand to be prosperous and permanent. First class business paper we quote at 8(rfl0per cent, for short, and 10(r?12 percent, for long date. It is difficult to borrow money on real estate at 10 per cent. The supply of exchange has been light and the market firm at 4 prem., the buying rate being par(xl-10 prem. There has been quite an active demand for gold, chiefly from the Ohio Banks, in anticipation of the amount they will need to furnish the State Government to pay its July interest, this being one of the conditions of the law permitting them to suspeud specie payment. The market therefore has ruled firm at "2 prem. selling rate and l'., do buying rate. There is hardly any, what is called, counter demand, for it. BtVIXG. SELLIN!.. New York par W prem Gold l l.,prem. U prem. In uncurrent money there is an advance on Wheeling City and two of the branches to 1 discount. The demand for all articles in the provision line has been quite limited, aud the sales small comparatively until Monday, wheu a brisk demand arose again for bulk sides from the English packers, and on Monday evening and yesterday the sales were over a million and a half pounds, at 5c, including 300.000 lbs. shoulders, packed in fly tight hhds.,at 3$f, which is equal to lo loose. The weather in the forepart of the week was quite warm, which stopped packing for the Liver pool market; but since Sunday it has been quite cool, and favorable for the business, and this is one cause ot the increased demand, though not the only cause. The private advices by the Can ada are more favorable than had been expected, the Liverpool market b.-ing sustained belter under the unusual large receipts than bad been anticipated. This renewed demand has been confined to bulk sides and shoulders, chiefly the former. There has been nothing done in mess pork or lard ol consequence; the former is offered at $10 2Tal0 50, and the latter at T hTc, but in order to effect sales, mess pork would have to be sold at $10 and lard at 7a7L4c. A moderate demand for bacon sides at 5'.,c, but none for ghoulders, which are offered at 3 4c. Bulk hams may be quoted at IstwJS, the latter rate including packages. When cut in a shape and cured in a manner to s-it the Liverpool market, they command 4 '.,(, but none of this kind are to be had. Bulk shoulders are being shipped thence freely, packed in fly-tight bogheads and in dry salt. The consumptive demand for American meat is good in Lngland, but the demand is chiefly speculative, which is based on the low prices, and the belief that prices at this side will materially advance. The demand for flour has been of the most limited nature, and prices have been to a great extent nominal, buyers holding back for a decline, and owners, under the light receipts, not disposed to make such concessions as buyers demanded. Superfine has been offered at $4a4 10 and extra at $4 15a4 20, bet yesterday, under the news of a reaction in New York, holders were firmer and wanted $4 10a4 15 for superfine, but there was hardly anything done, not enough to establish quotations. Wheat declined to 88a90c for red and 93a95c tor white. Corn in good demand at 32c, and the tendency of prices was upward at the close. Oats have been in good demand at 29a30c and the market closed steady. Whisky has fluctuated some, as usual, under the agitating cause growing out of the tax question, but closed firm at 18c. Linseed nil declined to 87c. with sales. The mal k et is dull, but it is held at SfaFHc pretty generally. In the grocery market ttap-e is no especial chsnge, with the exception of molasses, which has advanced to 42a43c. and it is scarce. Sugar has met with a good jobbing demand at HaHc for Cuba and Ha934e tor Porto Rico. Coffee is quiet and unchanged Ex Pant Facto Inhibition. The Federal Constitution provides that no new punishment for a specified crime shall apply to instance of that cr.me occurring before such change of punishment. The laws of our country make treason punishable by death. It is proposed, in Congress, to add to this punishment that of confiscation, and to make it retroactive thus violating, in one act. two of the most sacred provisions of our Constitution provisions which the framers of that great charter of our liberties val ued as second to none, as afe guards against the usurpations of oppressors and despots. Not only is this proposed, but it is insisted that all Southern State lines shall be obliterated and all political privileges extinguished, and that the "consent of the goremed" doctrinoe, enunciated by the Declaration of Independence, shall be proclaimed a nullity, and that no hand be extended to them, save that attached to the "military arm" of the uaurper. Springfield Rryisltr.

The Arrivals of cgroci from the SoDth. So long as the loyal people of the North know only by hearsay of the liberation of slaves at the South as a consequence of the advance of our armies, they care little about it. Most probably a large majority would say that men who take up arms against their country deserve to lose their negroes.. So should we say if the rebel masters were likely tobe the only sufferers. Rut the question is one of vastly more importance. It is not the rebel masters who are only, or even mainly, interested in this question. Undoubtedly these persons could manage to live without their negroes, but could tre live trith them? That, we take it, is the question which most pertinently interests the people of the North, and especially the border Slates of the North, like Indiana aud Illinois. A lew scores of liberated negroes from Virginia recently arrived in Philadelphia, ar.d although the number was entirely insignificant, yet it has alarmed the people ot two States, Pennsyl vania and New Jersey. Petitions have been presented and resolutions introduced into the Legislatures of these States, having for their object the prohibition of the further immigration of this class of persons. What action will be taken on the subject we do not know. Probably nothing definite will be done at present. The danger is not sufficiently imminent, and the public mind is too much engrossed about the suppression of the rebellion, to cause legislators to look at remote consequences of present action. But that alarm is felt is sufficiently evident. II Pennsylvania and New Jersey begin to feel uneasy on this subject, have not the Western border States stilt more cause for uneasiness? A mighty Uuion army is about to penetrate '.be ui"t densely negro populated States of the Union, and if the policy of liberating the slaves is to be adopted, it is easy to perceive that the efi'ects will soon be seen and felt here. The negroes, as they are freed, will naturally make for the North, the land whence their liberators come, and where slavery is unknown. It is true we have laws against the immigration of colortd persons, but of what avail will laws lie in such a case as this: None at all. They could not be enforced, and perhaps under such circumstances it would be inhuman to attempt it. Ti .A.ljedger The Van Biirens. The New York correspondent of the Syracuse (New York) Courier writes as follows: "The correspondence recently published. which shows how ex President Pierce fell under grave suspicions of disloyalty at the hands of Seward aud Hunter, of the State De; a tmeut, reminds me of the fact which I am at liberty to communicate through your columns, if you do not fear yourself to publish it. It is that ex-President Martin Van Buren and his talented son John have both beeu uuder the strict watch and surveillance of Government for nearly a year past! My information is weil founded, aud I challenge an official denial. Night and day. in town and in country, both these eminent gentlemen have been watched, followed, spied and dogged by the Government police, under suspicion of sympathizing with secessionists! So that Mr. Fillmore is the only ex-President after all in whose absolute loyalty Mr. Seward has thought it safe to confide. Mr. Fillmore is the "loyal" ex-Piesident." There is no doubt that this statement as to the Van Bürens is true. Not only thev, but a large proportion of the prominent Democrats of New York have also leeu "watched, followed, spied and dogged" by Seward's secret banditti. If the complete history of the political and money ope rations of some of the principal members of Lincoln's Cabinet is ever written, the world will have reason to wonder that officers of the American Government dared to inaugurate, or that a free people endured, a system of tyranny and corruption without parallel for enormity in the story of nations Milwaukee News. What Taxation Will Do. According to statistical calculations furnished by the Boston Chamber of Commerce, the aggregate value of the productions of the country amounts to the sum of two thousand millions of dollars. At the close of the war the interest on our debt may be estimated as being likely to amount to one hundred millions. Then it may be calculated that another hundred millions will be necessary to meet the annual expenditures of the Government. Consequently, two hundred millions will have to be raised by taxation to meet the interest of the debt, and for the support of Government. This will amount to ten per cent, on the above aggregate value of the national wealth. This amount of taxation will be derived from labor and land the two elements which are the sources of all national wealth, and bv which the chief weight of taxation will have to be borne. We arrive by the above data at the following general conclusions: First, that the value of fancy city property in all the great cities will be reduced about fifty per cent ; all other property, ten or twenty per cent. Labor wil i have to pay of the tax an amount equal to ten cents on the dollar, or ten per cent. In the mean time. Government securities will rise in a few year from ninety-one to a hundred and twenty five, according to circumstances. There will be trying and almost revolutionary times in all financial mat ters; and no wonder AT. Y. Herald.

Organize! Organize! It is a gratifying feature to observe that the Democracy throughout tlie country are already organizing themselves preparatory for the fall campaign. It is quite evident that the time is approaching when every conservative man in the country must 'take a stand against the tide of fanaticism that now threatens to sweep over the land, obliterating constitutions and laws, and breaking down ail legal and social barriers that have been erected as a dividing line between a superior and an inferior race. Those who are for the old Union as it was, and desire the Constitu tion preserved and its most sacred provisions olieved, must array themselves under the banner of Democracy, now as in limes past the only law-abiding and constitutional party the only organization that offers a barrier to the wild tide of fanaticism that now threatens to engulf us in common ruin and degrade the white man to the level of the negro. Those who let the preju dices of party names deter them from putting their shoulder to the wheel in this their country's hour of peril, can only blame themselves in future time for the ruin and calamity that will encompass them ShelhifriUe Volunteer. The Army of I.cn. Hallrrk. We have known for several days that the army of Gen. Pope, which has been acting in concert with the fleet of Com. Foote, had returned up the river to Paducah, and had proceeded thence to joiu Gen. Halleck. We thjught this intelli genre "contraband," and have not even referred to it. But the journal which enjoys the confidence of the Administration, and therefore possibly understands Mr. Stanton's orders and Mr. Sanford's mysterious and confidential warnings to newspaper editors, last evening published the fact, and, once published, whatever mischief may result cannot with justice be attributed to us for repeating it. It should also be stated that Gen. Pope's army has been ere this replaced by another, and that the Mississippi river operations will go on as usual. The "hang fire" at Fort Pillow can now lie understood by our readers. In the meantime. General Halleck has his army again in order; with fresh troops and increased artillery he is now in the field. His army is. we are informed, so arranged that it is impossible, except by a force of twice its numbers, to defeat him. Gradually he is preparing for the work, and if Beauregard proposes to water his horse in the Tennessee river, he wili have to make a wide detour to accomplish that interesting deed. Skir mihes between pick eta are of daily occurrence, and it is not violating any rule to say that our picketa never fall back; they have a force behind them always to maintain their advance Fur ther we dare not publish. Sufficient to say that another battle may soon occur, and when it dde the rout and permanent dispersion of the rebe army is inevitable Chietgs, Pott. The Egyptian Colonklb. Nearly every one of the Colonels ol the first regiment raised in Egypt have been wounded and disabled from service to wit: Colonel Dougherty, at Belmont; Colonels Logan, Lawler and Morrison, at Donel on; and Colonels Hayntt and Hick, at Shilob. Two of the Lieutenant Colonels have beam killed. Smith and White, and another Eaton, has juat retured from ritteUiurx. neverely wounded. Hut what of this? These heroes are only "Egyp tians." Your only tme patriots are the blatant Abolition worthies, who snarl niftgerism about the Greets of Chicago and SpringBeld. abuse Egypt, and hope for Government sop in rerau neration .Sprinifirld, IU.) Register.