Indiana Republican, Volume 4, Number 159, Madison, Jefferson County, 1 January 1820 — Page 1

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HI . ,fr The MMmmm MepwMiemm, WHERE L1BEI.TY DWELLS, THERE IS MY COUNTRY." e) v ' TOL. IV. MADISON, INDIANA, SATURDAY, JANUARY, i, 1820. No. 159.

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FUKLIS .ED BY

LODGE & ARION, EVERY SATURDAY. CONDITIONS. The "REPUBLICAN" will be delivered at the office for two dollars per annum, paid in advance; if paid within two months after subscribing, it will be considered in advance; two dollars and fifty cents if paid within twelve months; and three dollars if not paid until the year expires. No paper will be discontinued until all arrearages are paid. In all cases a subscriber must give notice punctually at the end of the year of his intention to discontinue or he will be held responsible for another years' subscription. Advertisements not exceeding a square will be inserted three times for a dollar; longer ones in proportion, and if the number of insertions desired, are not specified, they will be considered at the exsense of the advertiser until ordered out. All letters to the Editors must be post paid. Land-Office, Jeffersonville, PERSONS wishing to make trinsfers of lands entered in this office are requested not to make them on the back of the Register's certificate but on a separate piece of paper. It frequeenly happens, that by transfiring and assigning on the back of certificates, they become so mutilated and defaced as to destroy the contents. The following form may be used. - "For value received I, A. B. of _ county, do assign & transfer to C. D. of _ county all my right & title to the quarter section No. _ in township No. _ (North or South as the case may be) of range No. _ East of the Jefersonville District. Witness my hand and seal this _ day of _, 1818. A. B. (Seal.) This assignment being acknowledge before any justice of the peace, and certified by the clerk of the county of its being such, will procure a patent. In all cases where the magistrate's or clerk's certificate happens to be on a different piece of paper from the assignment it will be proper for them to set forth the particular tract sold. It will be well for magistrates and others who are in the habit of writing assignments, to preserve a copy of the foregoing as their guide. Those who send to the office to get their business done, will please to be particular in describing in a plain legible hand, the tract they wish to enter, and to write their given names at full length. SAML. GWATHMEY Washington City, Dec. 8. Yesterday, at 12 o'clock, the President of the United States transmitted to both houses of congress, by Mr. J. J. Monroe, the following MESSAGE. Fellow citizens of the Senate and of the House of Representatives: The Public buildings being advanced to a stage to afford

accommodation to Congress, I offer vou mv sincere conjrratillations on the recommencement of your duties in the Capitol. In bringing to view the incidents most deserving attention, which have occured since your last session, I regret" to have to state that several of our principal cities have suffered by sickness; that an unusual drought has prevailed in the middle and western states; and that a derangement has been felt in some of our monied in ctitutions which has proportionably affected their credit. I am happy, however, to have it in my power to assure you that the health of our citiet is now completely restored; that the produce of the year, though les abundant than usual, will not only be amply sufficient for home consumption, but afford a large surplus for the supply of the wants of other nation?; and that the derangement in the circulating paper medium, by being left to those remedies which its obyioui causes su;,: jested, and the good ?cnse and virtue of our fellow citkens supplied, has dimiushed. :iim informed cor-ei?, on t.ie 2 7ih i February last, that a titaty of amUv, fettlcmrnt and lin.iu, had been concluded in this city Ivtwicn dsc United StaLsand Sp aiu, und r uiTcd by the compe!t ;a amliorit'es of tl., former, full co!iNkt cr ws ont. J tained thai, it w r. iu- '.eon rntilied hy his Cat.Mic Majr t t with equal prompJtodt.. and a like earnest desire to teiniin.it. t ui. the conditions of that ti;;ii, the diiVereiiCes v.i:ich b.ad so lonv; exijste! lietv c.n the tr, o .rmo i . Every vie v which t!u a j.t i.dmtitd of, was thou. ;hl to h x e iastitt.d this conclusion, v ilea lussr;-s had l)cci sustahic d by loiit uscj the United States from Spaoi-t crui ers, mote than twenty v.irs before, nhieh had nut b-it n ivt'ueMct'. Thfve looses had been acino. Irdqed and pnidtd for hy a treaty, as tar b;xk a the c.-.r lf0'J, xvhich, although coiah'.h I ?.t Madrid, wa, not then ratil tol by the qx crnmt nt ( f Sp.iin, ;;or since, until t'i: last c ar, lt: it v. as su-pe-nded hy the late treaty, utnorc satisfactory pi-o-vision to both pattijs, us was presunieti, h.a .uqbeen made for them. Other differences had arisen in this lon interval, affecting their hir;het interests, which were likewise piovided for by this last treaty. The treatv itself was formed on c,reat cons'Hleratio'a, and a thorough knowlechje of all circumstances, the subject matter of evrry article ha iuq: been for ye irs under discussion, and repeated references haviaT en made bv the minister from Spain to his -o ernraent, on the points res ectine; which the greatest deference ot opinion prevailed. It was formed by a minister duly authorized for the purpose, who had repre sented his gt vcrnmcnt in the United States, S: b. en employed in this long pre traded negotiation several yt.'is, ;uul who it is not denied, kept strictly within the letter of his instructions. The faith of Spain was theiefore pledged under circumstances of peculiar force, h. fcolcmaltv, for itj ratification. On the part of the United States this treatv was evidently acceded to in a spirit of ccnciliation aud concession. The indemnity for injuries and losses so long before sustained, .:ul now njjain acknowledged and povidea tor, was to be paid tliciu without leconiinr; f charge.

on the treasury of Spain. For territory ceded bv Spain, other territory, of great" value, to which our claim was believed to he well founded, was ceded by the United States, and in a quarter more interesting to her. This cession was nevertheless received, as the means of indemnifying our citizens in a considerable sum, the presumed amount of their losses. Other considerations of preat weight, ured the cession of this territory hv Spain. It was surrounded hr the territories of the United States on every side, except that of the ocean. Spain had lost her authority over it, and, falling into the hands of adventurers connected with the savages, it was made the meuns of uncznsing annoyance and in jury to our union, in many of its most essential inteivrts. Hy this cession then, Spain ceded a territory, in reality, of no value to her, and obtained conc-sslon of the highest importance, by the settlement of Jong standing differences with the United States, aifevting their respective .claims and limits, 4 ami likewise relies ed herself from the obligation of a treaty rehth'g to it, which ihe had tailed te fe.hil, and alio from the responsibility incident to the niosi iiapt ant ar.d pernicious abuse of her rights where she could not sumiort her autberitv. It Leing a:. own that the treaty was formed .11 let these circumstances, not a douot Mas entertained that hi Catholic Majesty would have rafuu 1 it, without diLy. I t egret to huve to state thr.t this :v;,souri lr expectation ha. been disappoint ;d; that the treaty vas not rat-if.-d withbi tlio time stipunt; b. 's not sboe been ratified. As 1 im-ort.nt that the nature and havacter of this unexpected Oi cui j nee "ho uld lc distincth understo.n!, I tlihvk 't irv d.:te to cumiiiLHi;c:Uc to y tt the farts nod circumstraices in Tk p tsse-ico, resjiucthig it. Auxiiib to prevf.t :.H fat tire dlst; ieenieut with Co;1.", bv rovir.g the raot prompt ellc' t to thr" tre ate, which had be:i :h "OibuVvl, and particularly by the tddi. dur.cn! of a governm .t m 1 lo.rMa, which sliouhl pre:cVe oT-der there, the mud-sier a the lTnltc.d States, who h.ui been tecentlv uppointcd to his I'atbolic Majiy, and to wliont tr.e ratification, by his government, had been committed, to be exchanged for that of Spain, was instructed to transmit t!:e latter to die department of state -a-; coon as ebtaineu, bv a public &hip, subjected to his order for the purpose. Unexpected tkliy occur: o in the latileation, by Spain, he renucsted to be infyrmed of tiic cause. I: was state! iu reply, that the great importance of the subject, and a desire to obtain explanations on certain points which ere not specified, had produced the debar, anil that rui Envoy would be dispatched to the United States, to obtain such explanations of this government: The minister of the United Suites c tiered to jS full explanation on any ncint, on ranch it might be

desired, which proposal was declin 1 f a v in ir c om m un : c a t - d this i e suit to the c'rparttnent of state, in August Iact. he was instructed, notwithstanding th." disappointment and surprise, which it pixxlueed, to infirm too government of Spain, that if t! tieaty should be rati ed. and t an ; mitt cd here at any time before th- meeting of Congress, it would be reccitctl, and have the same effect as. if it bad been ratified in due time- ' Thii order was executed: the authorised communication was made to the government of Spain, and by its answer, which ha just been received, we are officially made acquainted, for the first time, with the causes which have prevented the ratification of the treaty bj bis Catholic lajesty, j

is aJledgedby the minister of Spain, that this government had attempted to alter one of the ptinciple articles of the treaty, by a declaration, which the minister of the United States fcad been ordered to present, when he shotdd deliver the ratification by his government iu exchange for that of Spain: and of which he gave notice explanatory of the sense in which that was understood. It is further aliedged, that thii government had recently tolerated, or protected, an expedition from' the United States, against the province of Texa. These teo imputed acts, are stated as the reasons which have induced hi Catholic Majesty to withhold bin ratification from the treatv, to obtain explanations respecting whi? h it is repeated that an envoy would be forthwith dispatched to the United States. How far these allegations will justify the conduct of the government of Spain, will appear on a view of the following facts, and the evidence which supports them. It -will be seen, by the documents transmitted herewith, tht the declaration mentioned relates to a clause in the eighth article, concerning certivu grants of land, lecentV made bv h:a Catholic Majesty, in Florida, which it was understood had conveyed :dl the lands, v, hicli .till then hrul been ungranted. It was the intention of the parties to annul the.; e, latter grain?., thai iausc iras drawn for that express purpose, and for none ether. The date of these gl ints was iinkno.vn, but it understood to be poste rior to that inserted in he article: indeed it miiot be obv iou to all, that, ii that pi cvislon in the treaty had not the tiled of annulling these grants, :t wou'.i1 he altogether nuratorv. Immediately after the trtv vjc rcr;"d:d ,tud ri't'.f ed bv this government, ?n intmraihjn was received dial these grants were H anttt lor date to that ibo.d iy ml x c uerUVjimd that they would not, of ourre, be aJh'cted !y it. Th-.; niei c pOvt:l:iilt" ef .such a east, so inconsistent With the i mention of the jv.vuie. ;o:d the rreaniug of th-5 article, indrccd this gov crcr.'Tt to deivar.d ko ciplauation on tlie rub"tct, v, bh'h v- as ioiirttiliateiy ri an ted, andvvhlch corresponds with this Uat'.ioe-i'. ,ith rcipect to the other art aliedged that this ::overniririit hud toiLrateu or protected an txpedicicn against Trxas, it jsntte.)- without foondat'on, Ky-ej-y dls .ountcnance has invatiahly been gien to cvciy urh attco.r t within tlor limits of tl.e United States, as 1 felly erinceil by the nets f the government, and the proceedings of the couits. There belcg cauie, however, to apprehend, in the course of the last summer, that some adventurers entertained views of the hind suggc: ted, the attention of the constituted authorities in that quartt r vas immediately drawn to them, and it is known that the project, w ha lever It might be, has utterly failed. These facts will, it ia presumed, satisfy every impartial mind, that the government of Spiin had no justifiable cause icr declining to ratify the treaty. A treaty concluded in conformity with instructions, is obligatory, in good faith, in all iti stipulations, according to the true intent and meaning of the parties. Each party ii bound to ratify it. If either could set it aside, without the consent of the other, there would be, no longer, any rules applicable to such transaction! between nationi. By this proceeding, the govern, ment of Spain has rendered to the United States a new and

very serious injury. It lias

been stated, that a Minister would be sent, to ask certain explanations of xhis government. But, if such were desired, why were they not asked within the time limited for the. ratiGcation? Is it contemplated to open a new negociatiou respecting any of the articles or conditions of the treaty? If that were done, to what consequences might it not lead? At what time and in what manner would a new negotiation terminate? ,By this proceeding, Spain has formed a relation be tween the two countries uhich, will justify any measures on the part of the United Sratesr which a strong sense of injury, and a proper regard for the rights and interests of the nation may dictate, Jn the course to be pursued, these object should be constantly hei- in. view, and have their J. c weight. Our national b -. r mult be rnah;; iined, and sew and a distinguished proof be afforded of that, regard justice and moderation, which, has invariably governed khc councils of this tree people. It must be obvious to all, that, it the United States hud been ticMrous of making conquests," or had been even willing to aggrandize themselvei " in thai: way, they could have had no inducement to form tms treaty. They would have much, cause lor gratulation, ?.t thecourse which has been put sued by Spain. An ainpl j hchi for ambition is open before them. But such a Career is not consistent with the principle ot cheir government, nor the interests of the nation. From a full view of all circumstances it is submitted to the consideration of Congress, whether it will not be proper for the United States to carry the conditions of the treaty into effect, in the same manner as if it had been ratified by. Spain, claiming, on their part, all its advantages, and yielding to Spain tiuue secured to her. By pursuing this course, we? shall rest on the sacred ground of right, sanctioned, in the most solemn manner, by Spaia herself, by a treaty which shti was bound to ratify for refusing tc do which she must incur the censure of other nation?, even those most friendly to her; while, by coiiiming ourselves within 'that limit we cannot fail to obtain their well merited approbation. We must have peace on a frontier where we have been so long disturbed, our citizens musf : be indemnified for losses 9 , long since sustained, and f' r which indemnity has bf;cra so unjustly withheld from them. Accomplishing tnesc great objects we obtain all that is desirable. 'But his Catholjc Majesty ha; twice declared his determination to send a minister to the United Statcj, to ask explanations on certain points, and to give them respecting this delay to ratify the treaty. Shall wc act, by taking the ceded territory, and proceeding to c

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