Indiana Republican, Volume 3, Number 125, Madison, Jefferson County, 1 May 1819 — Page 2

between die laws of a government declared to be supreme, and those of a government which, when in opposition to those laws, is not supreme. But if the full application of this argument could be admitted, ir might bring into question the right of congress to tax the mte banks, and could not prove the right of the states to tax the banks of the United States. The court has bestowed on this subject its most deliberate consideration. The result is a conviction that the states have no power, by taxation, or ot her wise, to retard, impede, burden or in any manner control the operations of the constitutional laws enacted In conpress to carry into execution the powers vested in the general government. This is, we think, the unavoidable conse quence of that supremacy, which the constitution has declared. Wc arc unanimously of opinion, that the law passed by the legislature of Marvland, imposing a tax on the 13ank of the United States, is unconstitutional and void. '1 his opinion does not deprive the states of any resources which they possessed. It does not extend to a tax paid I y the leal property ot the bank, in common with the othcr real property within the sta'r, nor to a tax imposed on v itercst which the citizens c;rHland may hold in this , vat ion, in common with H property ot the same desnon throughout the state. But ihi- Wa K.x on the operations of the bank and is consequently a tax on the operation ot an instrument employed by the government of the Union to earn its powers into execution. Such a tax must be -unconstitutional. lhe judgment of the Court of Appeals ot the State ot Maryland, is therefore erroneous, and must be reversed ; and a mandate be issued to that court, directing a judgment to be uitcrcd tor the plaintiff in error.

Jc.RroLK, April i. The Pier-ideut of the United States, whose expected visit to this place had been for some d.ns previous a subject ot general conversation, arrived heic cn Wednesday afternoon, at four o'clock, in the Steam Boar Roanoke, fiom Washing, ton City. He was accou panicd by Mr. Calhoun, Secretary cf War, and Mr. Gouverneur, bis private Secretary. The President's approach to town was welcomed by successive salutes, as the Steam Boat passed the different garrisons on the river, &c. The manner of his reception, on the whole, was such as comported with the feelings of the citizens, and the respect due to the First Oflicer of the Nation. Yesterday, the President, with the Secretary of War, Commodore Decatur, Captains Warrington and Elliot, and several other Naval Officers, and citizens, took an excursion in the Steam Boat Rich, mend, to Burril's Bay, the contemplated site of the Grand Mavat Depot. To day the President will partake of a public dinner, to be given by the ci'tizui, at the Exchange Coffee

House ; and will take Ins departure for the South to-morrow morning, by the route of the Dismal Swamp Canal.

Items cf Latest Foreign Nlzvs, It is said in London, that the Ambassadors of the European powers at the Court of Madrid have represented, to the king of Spain, the horror every where inspired by that Court's declaration, of putting to death all foreigners who might be taken in arms aiding the Insurgents. l he Lord Chancellor of England decided on the nth of February, that no auctioneer could become a purchaser, for himself, of any property under the cognizance of the Court of Chancery. Carlisle, who kept a book shop in Fleet Street, London, was sent to Newgate on the i ith of Feb. for selling Panic's Age of Reason ; but was afterwards bailed. The outstanding Exchequer Bills of England, by an official statement, amount to 43,655,400 pounds. GIBRALTAR, JAN. 3c. A Spanish Royal Order of the 1.1th inst. published in the Madrid Gazette of the 23d, directs all foreigners, taken with arms in their hands in the insurgent provinces of America, or convicted of supplying the rebels with the means ot carrving on the contest with the mother country, to be immcdiately put to death, on the ground that the continuation or tins unnatural contest is chicily to be imputed to them, and that thev have no claim to the mercy which his Majesty shows in many instances, to the Insut gents themselves, as they can never plead ignorance or seduction, which is ottcn the case with his Majesty's deluded subjects. Frcr. the Lor: dsn Morning Pest ef January 5. ATTEMPT TO EFFhCV THE EGCAPi OF BONAPARTE. A gentleman just arrived from St. Helena, gives the following particulars of the late attempt to effect the escape of Bonaparte from that island. Our information is derived from a most respectable source, and we therefore, without hesitation lay it before our readers just as we received it : " An American vessel, apparently dismasted and otherwise injured, but purposely damaged, to avoid suspicion, made her appearance oil St. Helena. The necessary repairii were entered on with the greatest activity,.vhilst other schemes were prosecuting with industry in the interior, it had tor some time previously been deemed expedient to have a daily view of the person of Bonaparte by a person appointed for that particular duty : his medical attendant, however, now caused it to be notified that the precarious state of the emperor's health was such as to render it necessary that he should remain perfectly quiet at home, unannoyed by any personal inspection. In this feigned state of indisposition the witty Napoleon becretly quitted his bedroom about midnight by means the most artful he actually passed the guard, and elu ding the vigilance of no less than seven sentinels, succcded in reaching the beach. This was a juncture of high

interest indeed ! The means of escape which the cx-emperor Was led so confidently to expect were, however, not yet perfect, It had been concerted that a signal should be given by him on his arrival at the beach, The signal was duly givn, by hoisting a lantern at the end of a walking stick; but the boat wliich was to receive him not having yet suiliciently approached the shore, a single sentinel (of whose station on

the beach Bonaparte had not been apprised,) on perceiving the light, came up, and with a fidelity equal to hisresol lution, seized the once Great Captain, whose very name had been the terror of millions. He instantIy forced him to the guardhouse, from whence he was conveyed back to l.ongwood, where, it is scarcely necessary to add, he has ever since been watched with increased vigilance, though not treated personally with any, the slightest degree of rigor." commercially IMPORTANT,

Extract cf a Utter from a highly 'this city, by the general use of respectable house in Nezc Or American manufactures, which cans, to a gentleman in this can be procured without paying to:at9 dated specie tor them, and by the HEw-oRLEAHh, March t6,iS 19. consumption of which, employ- " Wc are sorry to state that mcnt would be given to a great produce from your country many deserving poor, now encontinues declining and no tirely out of employ, and alprospectsot a favorable change, most destitute of the neccssaloreign demands being limited, ries of life. Let us then, one The scarcity of cash, want of and all, become members of confidence, and the unprcce- the " Marvland Economical

dented number of bills drawn from your country on this place, anticipating the sales cf property sent to market, has hail a serious tendency in depredating the prices generally, and causing forced sales at al most any price, bo long ai tliis system of raising funds is continued it mu.it operate against you. The purchaser who has cash and aware of these circumstances, will take advantage of it. Yesterday a forced sale of prime Pork at auction was made at 10 dollars per barrel Fresh Flour cannot be sold by large quantities for

co has already fallen to 7 a 7 In consequence of which, and every' farmer, gardener, and 1-2 cents for first quality, al- in order to find a remedy, 1 fruitist in our country to prethough but little has arrived, have had recourse to some of serve, and be very particular

expect it will tall to 0 cents, Whiskey, 50 to 56 cents ; so soon as any quantity reaches us it will also fall. Lard 12

cts. dull. Butter, 20 cts. one of which, a new and suedull. Wheat, 1 dollar 22 cessful method of pruning and cents per bushel. Cordage, 12 training is fully described, tocents, no sale. Bagging, 13 gether with some very natural to 15 cts. Beef, S to y dollars, and judicious observations on Corn, i dollar per barrel. the diseases, effects, and injuKentucky Herald. ries, in all iiind ot fruit and forest trees, and also accounts

Frcn the Baltimore Fed. Rep, Messrs Ediicrs : Agreeably to public notice, I attended a very lara:e and respectable meeting of our citizens, at the mcrcnant s notice Mouse, a few weeks since, convened for the purpose of adopting such measures as appeared proper and feasible, for giving support to our Manufacturing EstabHshments, and for the retrenchment of our expenses. I was pleased to see so much unanimity and spirit shown on the occasion, a happy ,presage of the great good that will most assuredly result from this patriotic association. The cause, or chief cause, of this extreme stagnation of business, is the demand for specie to send abread to purchase many articles which we can make at home, Qt a better quality, and

to the consumer much cheaper. By taking the specie away, the banks are compelled, reluctantiy indeed, to curtail their discounts; which causes ruin to some and distress to many of our most useful, active and meritorious citizens. This state of things must exist so long as I wc spend more than we receive. .; To effect a change, then, is the duty and wish of all ; but how the evil is to be remedied, is the question which every one

seems anxious to have solved, 1 have reflected much upon the subject when seated by my fire side, taking a retrospect of what is past, and by the aid of imagination looking forward for better times ; and the conclusion is, we must cconomizc more than we have done ; lay aside, tor a season at least, every extravagant amusement every thing which comes under the head of luxury, which neither adds respectability, pleasure or health to the possessors. I am very confident many millions of dollais would be annually saved to Association," and in less than one year joy and contentment will be depicted on every countenance: Hard times, and the want of money, will be banishcd from our land. FRANKLIN. from the American Centinci. The failure of fruit trees, and the deterioration of fruit, have been noticed with great concern and regret by many, within the two or three last years. But I will venture to say its importance has dwelt on the mind of no person with deeper concern, than on that the very best authors on the culture and management of fruit trees ; which 1 have read with interest and avidity ; in cf particular methods ci cure, &c. Some ot the fruits of my researches, I feel it my duty, as well as privilege, to communicate to you for publication in your valuable paper, that my fellow citizens generally, may be benefited thereby, and the public continue to enjoy the great blessing, as well as luxury of good fruit. My communications may occupy a column in your paper once or twice a week, for a month or two ; therefore, I would advise all those who may wish to be profited thereby, and who feel an interest in the culture of good fruit, to preserve carefully all the papers, that they may have them al- ' ways at hand to refer to ; as I flatter myself these essays will be found a valuable assistant to many m their rural pursuits.

The undeniable superiority of the one kind of prunin which I shall describe, over every other, has been demon. strated beyond a doubt in fruit orchards and gardens lying parallel with each other, and manured and treated in the same way, except in the act of pruning and doctoring the trees. While every tree in one garden was loaded with lare, clear and fine flavored fruit, the other garden had but a par.

tial and very scanty crop, and I most of those were hard, knot- I ty and id tlavored. As the i fruit trees in each garden were ot the same kind, and the ground of the same quality, the difference of the fruit was occasioned wholly by the min. ner of pruning and treating the trees One gardener pruned h'n trees and left the wounds oc. casioned thereby exposed to the air, for nature alone to cure; Or, if at any time he used any composition, it was a very im. proper compound, or very improper and coaiscly made & put on, so that it would wash or fall off before the wounds occasioned by the pruning instru. ments were half healed. The trees, in consequence, became sickly and weak, the fruit small, knotty and ill flavored. The other gardener, like a good and conscientious phyi. cian, performed his duty with fidelity, skill and care, so that whenever a thigh, an arm, 1 finder or a limb of any kind needed amputation, he had a fine composition salve reidy to cover the wound, and this he would renew if necessity re quired, until the wounds were entirely healed over. By this attention the tree was much improved, and continued heij. thy and flourishing, the truit became large, clear and of an excellent flavor. March being tie most suitable month fcr pruning, we hope it will be im. proved" both for the advantage Gf the tree and individuals, The best composition ever yet devised for trees is the foU in the making, and careful inj the application, it they wourf wish toprcserve their truit trees from disease, languishment and death, and to enjoy the luxu ry of fine flavored and healthy fruit. Receipt for making the compsi' tion. Take half a bushel of fresh cow dung ; one peck of eld slacked lime (that from the walls or ceilings of old decayed rnam ?i w hr rlif tTOit nrC ferable. when nnunded fins ! and sifted i) one neck of sifted . wood ashes; and one quart of i.1 7 1 fine sand sifted. Mix and thq roughly beat and work thetn t together, until the stuff is very smooth, like lime plaster, ot plastering rooms. Description of the best method y pruning and applying the ccft position After cutting or sawing the limb, smooth the nart from which the limb was cut, u'ithj a sharp knife or other instru ment ; then lay on the plaster? composition about the eighth of an inch thick 411 over tb part, so as to keep the aire, tirely from the wound. Tb' take a quantity of wood ash 1 mixed with the sixth prC , the ashes of burnt bones (s