Indiana Republican, Volume 3, Number 112, Madison, Jefferson County, 30 January 1819 — Page 2

Intrusion of this man, Into a Spanish province, was contrary to the policy observed by all the European Powers in the hemisphere, and by none more rigorously than by Spain of excluding all foreigners from intcrcourse with the Indian?, within their territories. It must be known to the Spanish government, whether Arbut limit had a Spanish license for trading with the Indians fin Spanish Florida or not; but they nFo know that Spain was bound by t re.it v, to retrain by force all Inutilities on the part cf those Indians, against the citizens of the United States, mul it is for them to explain how, consistent with those engagements, Spain couid, contrary to all the maxims of her ordinary policy, grant such a license to a foreign incendiary, whose principal, if not his only object, appears to have been, to stimulate those hostilities which Spain had expressly stipulated b force to restrain. In his infernal instigations lie was but U o succostui. No sooner did he make his appeal ana among the Indians, acccmpaneid by the Prophet ili.Hs Hadjo, returned from Ins cxp.voum to England, than the peaceful inhabitants on the bo: '.vers ot the Ur.it; Spates v. ore v:iti V-'ith alt the horrors of -avege , ,-: city, and the barbarous a lid indisuimiu oc murder oi woman. Infancy and age. A id v. r t h e r e p c a t c .1 e x r o s t u -latiom, warnings and oilers of peace, through the summer and autumn or ic i;, on the part of the U:::ted S' ucs, had been answered only by renewed outrages, and after a dctachment of forty men, ur.Jt r I dcutenant Scott, accompanied by seven women' had been wvvi.v.d and murdered by the Indians, orders were then given to General Jackson, and an adequate force was placed at his dii; sal, to terminate the war. It was ascertained that the Spanish fo:a.e in Florida was in adequate for the protection even of the spanidi tei ritoi y itself, a"aim.t tins mingled horde of jaw -ess Indians and Negoe ; unci, ahhough their devastation were committed within the fruits of the United States, thev immediately sought refbgo within the Florida line; and thtrc were they only to be overtaken. The necessity of crossing the line was indispensable; tor it was from beyond the line that the Indians made their murderous incursions within that of the United States. It was there that thev had their abode; and the territory belonged in fact to them, although within t lie borders of the Spanish jurisdiction. There it was that the American commander met the principal resistance from them; theie it was, that were found the still bleeding scalps of our citizens, freshly butchered by them ; there it was that he released the only ivomjn who had been suffered to survive the massacre of the party under Lieutenant Scott. But it was not anticipated by this government That the commanding ofiicers of Spain in Florida, whose especial duty it was, in conformity to the solemn engagements contracted by their nation, to restrain, by fu.i.c, those Indians from hostib '.es again ;t the United States wculd be found encouraging

niding and abetting them, and furnishing thenl with sup plies, for carrying on such hostilities. The olliccr in command, immediately before General Jackson, was therefore, specially instructed to respect, as far as possible, the Spanish authority wherever it was maintained, and copies of those orders were also furnished to General Jackson, upon his taking the command. In the course of pursuit, as he

approached St. Marks, he was informed, direct from the Governor of Pensacola, that a party of the hostile Indians had threatened to seize that Fort, and he apprehended the Spanish Garrison there was not in strength sufficient to defend it against them. This inlomution was confirmed from other source, and bv the evidence produced upon the trial ot .Armbrister, it proved to have been exactly true. By all the laws of neutrality and ot war as well as of prudence and ot humility, he was warranted in anticipating his enemy by the amicable, and that being refused, by the forcible occupation of the Fort. There will need j.o citations from printed treaties on inlet national law, to prow: the corre. tm- ot this mir.ri;rc It i cnt'r.tved in ;dan:a:;t on the common sen: :: of mankind; m w a iter up? m the laws ot nation, ever pretended to contradict it ; none of any reputation or authority ever omked to assert it. At Fort ot. Marks, Alexander Aiburthnot, the Ikiu-U Indian trader from bevo.d (iic :eae, the hrchrad, 1))' v ho: torch this Ncgio Jndi in war agaimt our borders had been rekindled, wa:- found an inmate of the command mt's family ; audit was aho found that, ny the commandant himself, councils of war had been permmittcd to be held within it. by the savage chiefs and warriors ; that the Spanish store-houses hid been appropriated to their use; that it was an open m irket for cattle known to have been robbed by them from citm-us of the United Stares, oe which had been contracted for and purchased bv the oiticers of the 'garrison. That information had been atlorded from this tort bv Arbuthnot. to the eucmv, of the stren vtk and movemcnts of the American army ; that the date of the departure of express had been m ted by the Spanisli Commissary, a. id ammunition, munitions of war, and all necessary supplies furnished to tite Indians. It became, therefore, in the opinion of General Jackson, indispensably necessary to take from the Governor cf Pensacola the means of carrying his 4 iS threat into execution. Before the forces under his command, the savacre enemies of his countrv had disappeared. But he knew that the moment those forces should be disbanded, if sheltered by Spanish fortresses, if furnished with ammunitions and supplies by Spanish officers, and if aided and supported by the instigation of Spanish encouragement as he Iiaci every reason to expect they would be, they would reappear, and fired, in addition to their ordinary ferociousness, with revenge for the chastisement they had so recently received, would again rush with the war hatchet and scalping knife in

to the bore'ere of the United

states, anc mark, (very tootstep with the blood of their dcfenceless ci.izens. So far as all the native resource of the savage extended, the war was at an end, aixi General Jackson w. vis anout to resrorc to tnetr amilics an l their homes, the nave volunteers who had fob f; I lowed his standard, and who had constituted ituted the principd is force. This could part ot hi be done with safety, leaviu the regular portion of Tiis tnvjps to garrison his line ot lorts, and two small detachments of volunteer cavahv, to scour t lie country round Pensacola, and sweep oil the lurking rem nant ol savages, who hid been .Vattcrcd and dispersal before him. 1 his was suilicient to keep in check the renin mt of the banditti, agains whom he had marched, so lomr as they should t)e destitute ot other aid and support. It was, in hi-. jud-cmeiu, not sullicient, if they raiouhi be su'Tereti to rally tiiclr numbers under the t.ro tection of Spaifh torts, and to derive ueee strcn'it fiom tl;c impoter.ee or the ill wii! ,u;iiust the Looted S,.ue of tae SpanI sh autlioiT.ies. lie took p sesdcn, tlicrcfore, of Pensacola and of the Frrof l!ir.!ii. o, ; lie had dtme of r:. Mt;:'. not in a un it ot u O'.o to- spun, nut (ieieu.e; v-'-.iu ' !:Otire tint the' c i; u!vl !' restored whenever o;m:;i n,i ul p;ace ccannun.ei i s t;,d rea there, able and wihm - to mhfi the eneiigemeuts of d;,a : to-.vards the U. Srue :, o rt straining, by force, theFlorioa India is bom hostili-fi.-s a .i;,:. tt!c:.r citizens. The jVes'ment of the United States, to give a igmd manifestation of his confidence in the diposiri on of the King of Spun, to t-rfnrm vi-irh t.nrii i hie, indisnensable cr.tzjgement. and to demonstrate to the world th '.r n.hhtM- the dfsire of con. ot: -sr nor hostility to Sodn. ; . 7 lead anv influence in the councils of the United States, has directed t lac unconditional restoration to anv Spanish officer, authorised ro reeenc oem, o f Pensacola and rhe inrrancas, and that of Sr. Marks to anv SuanMi force adequitefor its defence against the attack of t!r: - ivag s. Hat the President will neither in. iliet punishment, or ps.s a censure upon general Jackson for that conduct, the motives for winch were founded in the purest purioiirun, A' the necesshy for which he had the most immediate ami clFectu d means of forming a judgment, and the vindication of which s written in everv page ot the law of nations, as well as in the first law ot nature, self defence, lie thinks it on the contrary, due to the justice vhich the United States have a riVnt to claim from Spain; ami . . a;u ait auuiumij 11131. 1 to demand of the Spanish goveminent, that enquiry shall be instituted into the conduct of Don lose Mazot, governor of Pensacola. and of Don Francisco C. Luengo, commandant of St. Marks, and a suitable punishment iniiictedupon them for having, in defiance and violation of the engagements of Spain with the United States, aided and assist ed these hordes of savages in those very hostilhies agaimt the United States, which it i'as their, elficial du

ty to restrain. This enquiry

is oue touic uuuuo . laux oOlcers themselves, and to the honor of the Spanish governmcnt. The obligation of Spain to restrain, by force, the Inchans of Florida from hostilities ag.unsi inc uimi-u naa their citizens, is explicit, is positive, is unqualified. The fact, that for a series oyears they have received shelter, assirance, supplies and protecttion, in the practice of such hostilities from the Spanish comm unlers in Fhjrid a, is clear and . uncijuivoc u. ir, as me commaiuiers both at Pensacola a,.d Sr. Marks have ailedged, this has been the result of their weakness, rather than of their i i . i. will. If they have assisted the Indian s against the U. State: to avert their hostilities from the provim c, which they had not sulhcient force to defend against them, it mav serve, m some measure, to exculoate, individually, thoc oiiicers, but it must carry demnnsttation irresistible to the Spams!: g ivernaieiit that the

tight of the United States can the slaves to runaway fro-i as little compound with impo- their masters and j in them, , tence as wit h perfidy, and tliac did not confine themselves n Spain must immediately make t.heslives at the U. S: atelier election, either to place a they received with as hearty a

force in Florhla adequate at once tn the protection of her territory and to the fulfilment or ner engag'-ments or ceuc ot which she retains nothing but the nomiiial possaou; nut winch is m tact, a oerenci Open to i he occupancy of everv enemv, civilized ir savage, of the United States, and seeving no other earthly purpose than as a post of annoyance to them. - i - . i i T fiat the purpose, as well of the Negro, In ii m banditti, with whom we have been contending, as of the British invadrrs tit F'iorida. who first a sernbled and enmlovcd t hem. ana1 oi the Britidi intruding and ore! end biz traders, since the peace, v lio h ive msUerated i . and betrayed them to destruct,.i''i 1 1 ? ' eu not iess hc-tile to bpam tn;in to tne State-, the pro; is contained m t!ie doi'iunents herewith cnclosevi, are conclusive. Mr. Pizarro's note f)t f lie 29th of August, speaks it ids C'thoac Majesty, profound indignadon at tne ai.guinarv executions, on toe op misn ou, uie subjecfs ot oowcrs in amity with the king' meaning Arburhnot a--d Ambrister. Let Mr. Piecirro's successor take the trouble of reading the enclosed documents, and he wall dieovce who Arbuthnot and Ambrist:r w..ee, an iwiiatwere their parpo e:e that Arbuthnot wa not only the successor of - ichol'.s, and Armbrister the agent of Woobine, and the subaltern of McGregor. Mr. Pmirro qualities Gen. Jackson's necessary pursuit of a defeated savage enemv bevond the Spin- . . isu i hji lua iiiv., a auu;uUi invusion cf his majesty's territory yet, that territory was the territory also of the savage eucmv, and Soain was bound to restrain tliem, by force, from hostilities against the United States and it was the failure of Spain to fulfil this engagenient, which had made it necessiry for General Jackson to pursue the savage across the line, What then was the character of Nicholas invasion of his Majesty's territory: and where was his Majesty's profound in-

dignation at that? Mr. Pizarro fit

"jbjv"; j u,,ib nq. places have been violated sci. zed on by General Jackson, Had they not been seized on, nay, had not the principal of his forts been blown up by jum a "u uij the same Spmish territory been erected during the war, and left standing as a Negro fort defiance of Spanish authority Fj after the peace? Where was hb f; Majesty's profound indigna. lion at that? Has His Majes- : ty suspended formally all ne. ! : :a. .. ...... , : g ciauou wo m vvcrei;tv.ot j Colonel Nicholls, for the shrnc f ful invasion of his territory without color of provocation, : without pretence of necessity, without the sliaoow or cvern avowal of a pretext has his K Majesty given solemn warn, ing to the British government, rdiat these were incidents of transcendent moment capable ot procuring an essential ana thorough change in thepolitica! relations of the two-countriesr" Nicholls and Woodbine, in tneir n.vasior.s and promises to welcome, and employed with , equal readme ;., the ruiouves from their masters, in Fiorida, as i nose n u.u vjr--.,, jm. governor of Pensacola did earncstly o, t : . l . j . . ' ? i !.... i.. i)iun;i - Wiiuru i.ocK.aurn ou; against the . z-ncful sniJ.:.-i or the territory against thviolent ieisuie of the forts and places against the blowing up of the Barrancas, and theereetion and mamtainance u..det British banners, of the Ner fort on Spanish c-u J again-: the negoention uv a 15: ::i-.:t emieerm the mni-t or ot oretenae-; treat e (irens!ve and defensive, and of navrntion and commerce tmou S-vin-ish ternt ;rv, between G.-e-.r Britain and S vod h I:mia:i . 1 vehom Spdn wsH7 -tmd cnitro! an 1 re:rra:ntea irom Mi 'arid r L'.mdon, it was riot loud enough to ht heard acro.s the Atlantic, nor energetic e.iouh to tramp Ire beyond the wails of 1 he places f rom wliich it issued, and to which it was borne. The connection between rbutimot and NichoMs. as 1 netween Armdristtr, Woodbine and McGregor, is established beyond all question, by the eridence produced at the tria's before the court martial. I have already remarked to you on the very extraordinary circumsrances, that a British trader from beyond the sea should be permitted, by the Spanish authority, to trade with ths Indians in Spanisli Florida. From his letter to Hambty, dated 3d May, 1 S 1 7, (see the documents marked G, ..ai"'ie- . J" Uv.. . tunics vt iiiu i.ULil ltial) it appears that his tracU I was but a pretence ; and th-

his principal purpose was to act as the arrent of the Indians of Florida, and outlaws from the Creeks, to obtain the aid of the British government, in their hostilities against the United States. He expressly tell Ilambly there, that the chief ot those outlaws was the princapal cause of his, Arbuthnot' being in the country; and that he had come with' an answer from Karl Uathurst, delivered