Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 July 1952 — Page 14
T he Indianapolis Times
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T'S HARD TO VISUALIZE; today, the kind of men who declared this nation “free and independent,” or the circumstances under which they did it, 176 years ago. Time and legend and the fact that the nation so born did grow into the greatest.on earth, have combined to spin a romantic illusion around what went on in Philadelphia in the summer of 1776, which we celebrate today. The reality is even more thrilling than the myth. These were no supermen who niet in Philadelphja that hot June, nor did this Declaration spring full-fledged into being with their unanimous assent in a single historic
session. Far from it.
The members of the Continental Congress were pretty ordinary Americans,—farmers, doctors, artisans, lawyers, preachers, at least one atheist, soldiers, manufacturers— not essentially different from the men who compose our Congress today, or any of our state legislatures. Most of them were young, but one or two were elderly men.
plished daily by Indianapolis Times Publish. Member of
DEAR BOSS... By Dan Kidney
Halleck Slaps At Capehart
WASHINGTON, July 4—Rep. Charles A. Halleck, Rensselaer Republican and dean of all Hoosiers in Congress, took his first, slight slap at™Sen. Homer E. Capehart (R. Ind.) this week.
The rebuff to the senior Senator from Indiana was In retaliation for the state organization time-limit rules which prevented Mr. Hal-
leck from being a member of the Indiana dele-
gation at Chicago next week.
He was ready to file on the day before the state convention in: Indianapolis “and State Chairman Cale Holder told him it was “too late.” Among others, Mr. Halleck blamed Sen. Capehart.
»
So when he invited the two congressional
pominees,” from the only Indiana districts that
. are not now Republican, to come to Washington °
THERE WERE as many differences of opinion as you'd find today in any similar body of free-thinking individuals. Some opposed the whole idea of a Declaration of Independence. Others differed on what it ought to say and what it
should include.
Even the man who finally wrote it found
some of his own most cherished ideas forced out of it by
amendments adopted after it was written.
The debate went on for weeks. Members lined up support of other members for, or against, the project, and its dettiils, exactly as members of legislatures do today. There was trading and dickering and political maneuvering. Except for the absence of some members known to be. against it, and the sudden return of Caesar Rodney at the very last minute to vote for it, it might never have passed that Continental Congress at all. It was only after it had passed by the narrowest possible margin that a motion to make the vote upanimous was adopted because members felt they “must all hang together or they would
all hang séparately.”
so» : ®
YESTERDAY A FRIEND whose intelligence we greatly respect told us he was completely disgusted with the proceedings in Chicago where the Republican party is preparing to nominate a candidate for President—and about equally disgusted with what he heard of the Democratic party's doings, too. Foolish fiddling in the face of erisis, he -
believed. -
We've heard the same kind of criticism about the actions of pur Conggess, and our General Assembly, more Rep. Joseph WW. Marthe Jr. (R. Mass.) might
than once.
* But actually nothing could possibly be more. typical of
the original American way of doing things.
-
“Except for George Washington—and even he found some opposition and a well-organized smear cgmpaign— pretty much this same kind of pulling and hauling has attended the nomination of every candidate for President we've ever had. Sometimes it has been more vigorous than at other times, depending on the personalities and the circumstances of the period—but it has always been present. The point that is likely to escape us is that once the fight in Philadelphia was decided they all abided by the result. Once the motion was passed, they all accepted the
majority’s decision, and worked together.
IF THEY HAD NOT there might be very little to
eelebrate today.
And that, too, is typical of the American way of doing
things.
The defeated faction in a political party which has
sulked in its tents after losing in the convention hall not only never has gained anything for itself, but often enough
has brought ruin-to its whole party.
The fights in both the Republican and the Democratic parties this year are a good deal bigger than they have been for many years, and a little more bitter. of the charges and attacks and claims that are being made this. week will sound quite silly—even to those who are
making them—a week hence.
A good many
Anyone who claims the right to a voice in the councils of either party must accept also the obligation to obey the
decision that party ultimately makes.
Anyone who claims
the right to be an American must accept also the obligation
o
Wednesday, he told Sen. Capehart nothing about it. Heddid send them over to see Sen. Willlam. E. Jenner (R. Ind.), however. + Two years ago, when Mr. Halleck arranged a similar meeting, he had both Senators, as well as the Republican Congressmen, meet with the nominees.
List of Visitors
THE VISITORS were D. Bailey Merrill, Evansville, and Elliot Belshaw, Munster. Mr. Merrill is out to defeat Democratic Sen. Winfield K. Denton, Evansville, as Eighth District Congressman. Mr. Belshaw is running against Democratic Rep. Ray Madden; Gary. Neither thinks that his chances are more than even, unless there i{s a great Republican landside in November. Both “like Ike,” but would back Sen, Taft just as well, if he is the nominee. Both are overseas veterans of World War II and think it is time for an administration change. While here for a bit of “skull-practice” under Mr. Halleck's leadership, they brought the Hoosier Congressmen some ideas of their own. Mr. Merrill advanced the idea that the Indiana State Convention may have provided a preview of what will happen in Chicago. The Taft men were in control of the convention, platform and all, but George Craig, the Ike man, was nominated for Governor. “It could happen that the Taft forces will win everything at Chicago except the nomination, and that would go to Gen. Eisenhower,” Mr. Merrill pointed out. “That certainly is what happened back in Indiana. I rather think it might in Chicago also. Jt would suit me, because I like Ike.” x CL
Belshaw Likes lke
MR. BELSHAW also likes Tke. He believes that Lake County will go Republican in the fall and that will mean a GOP President, whether Taft of Ike is nominated. “Lake County never has missed being on the side of the winner in the Presidential balloting,” Mr. Belshaw said. “If they vote for a Republican President in Lake County, he is in. And I will be the Congressman from the First District.
“If they do not, I predict that there will be
another Democratic sweep and we will lose at least half of the nine Republican Congressmen from Indiana that are here now.”
» Safest seat is that of Mr. Halleck in the
Second District, Mr. Belshaw said. He has held it since 1935. During the Republican 80th Con_gress Mr. Halleck was majority leader. He “hopes some day to become speaker. But if Sen. Taft is nominated and elected,
return to the speakership and Rep. Clarence Brown (R. O.) become majority leader. Mr.
Brown is one of the Taft managers.
What Others Say—
IF I find there are more criminals, hoodlums and scum in boxing than there are decent people, and if I find I can’t guide out of boxing all those undesirables, then I'll resign and do everything within my power to have boxing abolished in this state. — Robert Christenberry, ‘chairman, New York State Athletic Commission. ¢ Oo I AM convinced that among America’s milHonaires there is not one who would not throw away his millions and go begging if by doing so be could prevent World War III.—Pastor Martin Niemoller, to East German Communists. $20 &
PROPER EDUCATION of the children of the nation can eliminate communism within our borders but going on a witch hunt will not help.—Elizabeth Bentley, former Communist spy courier. > > @ I WOULDN'T want to dignify (Sen. Joseph) McCarthy to that extent (of supporting or repudiating him).—Sen. Margaret Chase Smith (R. Me.).
FACE BIG RIDDLE ... . By Peter Edson
Negro Vote Is Strong In th, California
Fourth of July
|
iii ly
1} {
teh
“4
U.S. HOLDS LEADERSHIP. . . By Ludwell Denny
Russia Dealt a Mighty Blow
By Senate OK of German Pacts
WASHINGTON, July 4—Overwhelming Senate ratification of the twin German peace and preparedness. pacts Maintains Amerifan leadership in defense against Soviet war threats. If the Senate had delayed action or split, the other Allies and West Germany would not have ratified. Even now, they may mot. But there is
- better than a 50-50 -chance that the Paris and
Bonn parliaments, after months of perilous
party politics, will fall in line. Opposition elements in Bonn have forced postponement of the vote until autumn. In Paris an unnatural combination of Communist, Socialist and reactionary Gaullist deputies can defeat the measures; and would if the vote were taken
“today.
Nevertheless, there is fair hope of eventual ratification by both West Germany and France because the alternative is collapse of the European defense system and of Ameriean military aid, At the showdown it is assumed that only
a minority—chiefly Reds and extremg national-
Ists—wjll court such a disaster.
Enthusiasm Lacking
MEANWHILE, there is little positive enthusiasm for these agreements, even among their most vigorous sponsors. That is inevitable, for the pacts fall far short of being ideal. The West German peace treaty — or ‘“contract” as it is called, because Russia must join in any “treaty” —is premature-and a compromise satisfactory neither to the Allies nor to Germany. The Germans object because it reserves emergency powers to the Allies and thus does not grant full sovereignty to Germany. Moreover, they fear it will freeze the separation of Soviet-occupied East Germany from West Germany—while German prosperity and security require unification of their country. The Allies are uncomfortabue about this contract for the opposite reason. They think it restores too much sovereignty to Germany too soon. On one side there is a revival of naziism, and on the other a political immaturity which could repeat the irresponsibility of the past if German democracy is not given time to grow up. These Allied and German objections to the treaty-contract are multiplied by the twin military pact. That would rearm West Germany
SIDE GLANCES
' head.
as part of a merged six-nation European defense community, attached ‘to the North Atlantic Treaty and under NATO supreme command. Not being a member of the EDC, the United States does not ratify that original pact, but the Senate had to extend North Atlantic Treaty ‘mutual protection to the EDC—really to West Germany, the only uncovered member. ‘The Germans don’t like to become part of the Western military alliance in defiance of Russia, which is so close, so powerful and so vindictive. The Allies don’t like the necessity of reversing Germany’s demilitarization, which they achieved at such heavy cost in winning World ar IL
Called a Necessit}
BUT IT 18% rey... Dnpleasant and very risky, but a necessity, Western Europe is not strong enough to defend itself against Russia. And the U. 8. cannot conceptrate its strength in Europe, without exposing this hemisphere and the Pacific. So Germany will have to help defend Western Europe and herself. That is the clinching justification of these pacts to make Germany an ally.
INFLATED EGO
I am a genius I am . . . or so at least he said . . . but what hurts most of all was that + « he didn’t bow his head . . . to him he was a master mind . . . to me he was a twerp . . . who seemed to get a wild delight . . . each time he'd start to chirp . . . his word was law and always right . . . according to himself . . . but what he didn’t know was that his
mind was on a shelf . . . he dressed correctly,
right up to style . . . a self-styled fashion- -plate « + « this guy was really something . . . that herein I cannot state . . . then too, he was a ladies’ man . . . who slayed the women folk . poor fellow, he doesn’t realize . . . he's just one great big joke . . . I am a genius I am « « + Or so at least he said . . . but what hurt most of all Was that . . . he didn’t bow his A —By Ben Burroughs.
By Galbraith
.
$200 Billion
"| do not agree with a word that you say, but | will ford to the death your fish to say it." :
corte
MR. EDITOR: I am not so much worried by the fact that Mr. Truman has spent two hundred billion dollars, (More than all the Presidents in the history of our nation.) In all fairness, it must be admitted he had Mr. Dewey's foreign expert, Mr. Dulles, and Eisenhowef and the present crop of Eisenhower backers, helping him spend ft. What worries me is we got so little for that two hundred billion. Certainly there was only a dribble spent here at home. It had to go abroad. And what did we get abroad? First, there was Chiang Kai-shek's China, then embattled Greece, then blockaded Berlin, then terrible Korea. We had poured-over two hundred billion into these foreign lands, but when the time came we found we had nothing to show for our money. We are back-tracking all over the world today because we are unprepared. Two hundred billion dollars worth of unpreparedness. > ° ¢ IF TWO hundred billion dollars won't do the job, it is time to ask the question: How many more two hundred billion dollars will we have to mortgage ourselves for before we have the kind of security Mr. Truman and Mr. Eisenhower preach of. And we must not forget that Jimmy Roosevelt and the New Dealers who originally sponsored Ike and brought him into the political limelight must have understood his mind pretty well. In fact, Truman and his whole camp of carpet-beggars seem more intefested in getting Ike nominated on the Republican ticket than in finding a candidate for the Democrats. As far as the present group of sponsors of Ike is concerned, we only have to read their names to know they are the investment bankers and munition: makers who have gulleted our two hundred billion. No wonder they have “jumped to take Ike under their wing. They are doing well
—never had it better—under the foreign spending program. And men like this don’t put their
money on a horse unless they are sure of the
horse. 0 o> THE PROBLEM in the next election is not to get a man who will cut down on spending. The Truman Republicans and Truman Democrats have us too far involved for that to .be possible. The problem is to get a President with a long nose and a lot of experience in using that nose to see that we get what we pay for. This is no time to flitter around like a school kid at a circus looking for a President to charm us. What we need is ugly old Bob Taft with his experienced long nose to get in there and see we get-what-we-are paying for. . God help us if we don't get him. —J. C. D., Crawfordsville.
‘Political Football’
MR. EDITOR: When the Civil Rights measures were before the U. S. Senate most of the Republican Senators (including Taft) votéd with the Southerners to withhold cloture on the Senate debate. Sen. Jenner voted with several Republican Senactors and with tae administration Democrats to apply cloture. Someone asked the Senator for comment and he said to the effect he couldn't do otherwise, that the Republican Party was born on the issue of giving the Negro his rights due. The last 75 years the Republieans have own cold in their enthusiasm for the Negro. resident Truman inherited from F. D. R. the civil rights measures. I am sorry to say the Republicans have played politics with the issue. If you have a very bad tooth, the quicker it be pulled the better for the patient (the" South). Eight years have passed and no action. The platform of both parties in 1944 and in 1948 indorsed the measures. May I ask why have not the regulars of both parties passed the Civil Rights measures? Of course politics is the answer. The issue has featured for eight years. If there had been early passage of the measure several years ago the ‘issue would have been history now. : BD AS MATTERS stand the issue is still political football. It may even cause a realignment of the parties.” The Republicans now see gdin in wooing the Southern white vote. The Democrats now see gain in wooing the Negro vote. The Democrats may be forced to woo the Negro vote of the South. The Republicans
- should have cultivated their vote long ago. Both
Republican camps (Eisenhower and Taft) are turning to the States Rights position. Truman is still strong for the Civil Rights measures. Gen. Eisenhower and Sen, Taft are on record for the States Rights side of the issue. 1 am a Republican and a member of the white race, but I am interested in the rightful settlement of this touchy issue. Of course nobody is trying to force interracial marriage nor even for it. What would the Christ have done in regard to these measures? These measures apply to other races and the various faiths in America. —C. H. Hopper, 310 N. Illinois St. :
A PARADISE . . . By R. H. Shackford
Here Is a Good Place To Enjoy War, Taxes
Hoosier Forum:
————————
to support the government a majority elects next November. ~ We've always managed to do that in America—right from the day when the Continental Congress voted to make the Declaration of Independence unanimous 176 years ago.
Oatis’ Anniversary "I’ODAY, Americans everywhere celebrate Independence
v
Day.
But there is no independence for William N
N. Oatis, the
Associated Press reporter who on July 4, last year, was stripped of his freedom by the Communist masters of Czechoslovakia and sentenced to 10 years in prison. Bill Oatis committed no crime, violated no laws, tres-
passed on no one's
or propriety, He was accused, tried and convicted on trumped-up charges and evidence and imprisoned as an offering to Communist brutality and arrogance. What the Czech Communists did to Mr. Oatis, they would do to all Americans if they had the chance. Bill Oatis is a symbol of what can happen to the precious liberties declared by the founding fathers 156 years ago unless the nation they established maintains its strength, its vitality and its moral purpose. May the day soon return when no foreign tyrant will dare to abuse and pillory an American citizen.
freedom, transgressed no code of ethics
No Vacations There
LOOD BANK donations have dropped off sharply this summer, and the Red Cross is making a special appeal to offset the loss. Many people who might otherwise give blood are away on vacations. If everyone would give a pint of blood before e starts his vacation the immediate shortage would be solved, and ‘he might save the life of a man in Korea who has not had an American vacation in a long time. .
LE
v.
, -
Vl "yg Ae ging
&
CHICAGO, July re in® portance of the Negro vote-in November elections is one of the big riddles which leaders of both political parties are trying to solve. To the Democrats it is a question which may determine what kind of a civil rights plank they put into their platform. To the Republicans it is a question of whether they continjhe their traditional role as chiimpion of the Negro since tie days of Abraham Loncoln, oft whether they tack in a new direction to make an appeal to to: the anti-Truman, conservative whites of the South. ” n .
IT IS the claim of some Negro political leaders that the colored vote is now so strategically placed in 10 or a dozen Northern states that Negroes ¢ould hold a balance of power to elect or defeat any presidential candidate. Walter White's National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People offers very «
little proof that this power exists. NAACP estimates ‘there were about 2,450,000 Negroes in the North eligible to vote in 1948, but only 750,000 voted. GOP headquarters estimates that at least 1,500,000 Northern Negroes voted in 1948.
FOR 1952, NAACP estimates 2.7 million Northern Negroes will be eligible to vote, but only one million have been registered. Since the total U. 8. vote this November is expected to be between 50 million and
60 mililon the Northern Negro -
vote won't be over 2 to 3 per cent.
This is a pretty siim margin
2.
Hh ab Shy Aig AL ph Tas AH A Litt
themselves.
for any balance of power. It is the strategic location of the Negro vote, however, that is said to be the determining factor. u a z VAL WASHINGTON, of Republican National Committee staff, has done considerable research on this subject. Counting only Negro adults of voting age, Georgia and
North Carolina have more than a million apiece. Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi,
South Carolina and Tennessee
figures aren't in yet. Texas has -
886,000, Virginia 737,000, Flor-
.lda 605,000, Arkansas 428,000,
Kentucky 203,000, Oklahoma 204,000.
u - o ALABAMA, Arkansas, Mississippi, South Carolina, Ten-
nessee, Texas and Virginia have poll tax requirements for voting and in the others Negroes just don't vote in large numbers. : It #8 in 10 northern states and in California, to which there have been large wartime and post-war ‘migrations of Negroes from the South, that the colored vote can really have an impact on elections. These states have 240 electoral votes, or nearly enough to elect a President, all by
- "2 8 TO ELECT a President, 266 electoral votes are required. For the Republicans, this means they must carry every one of the 16 states they won in 1948 for 189 electoral votes. These “states have only 186 electoral votes this year. So the Republicans need 80 more to win. From the above list, ‘carrying Riinols, California and
+ T.M Reg. U.S. Pat. Copr. 1952 by NEA Service, Ine
"Beans again tonight, Mom? You'd make a good Army mess sergeant!"
Ohio would do it with tour to spare. Of the states in the above list which the Republicans car-
‘ried in 1948, most were won by
narrow margins and largely because the Progressive Party of Henry Wallace weakened the Democratic strength. That factor won't be present in 1952.
S80 THE Republicans must win New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Michigan, New Jersey and Indiana in the above list, just to hold .their own.
‘New York went Republican
t
by 60,000 in 1948, with 555,000 votes cast for American Labor and other minor parties. .The Negro vote was estimated at 154,000 Democratic, 56,000 Republican. Assuming the minor party vote will go Democratic this time, the GOP could not carry the state this year if all the Negroes Yoleq- Republican.
THE same kind "ot calcula-
..tion-has to be made for every.
state, In these 11 states in 1948,
‘it is estimated that the Negro
vote went Democratic by more than two to one, or 984,000 to
. 440,000. ’ :
VADUZ, Liechtenstein, July 4 Weary of taxes? Weary of war? Weary of television? Then maybe this is your paradise. There are virtually no taxes in Liechtenstein. That's why a lot of foreign holding companies have their ‘“headquarters” here. Liechtenstein has not been in a war for nearly 100 years «and then it wasn’t much of a war. In 1866, Liechtenstein went to war with Austria against Prussia. The Liechtenstein “army” of 58 men never fought, however. It guarded an Alpine pass against possible Italian intervention which didn’t happen The next year the army was disbanded forever.
THERE IS NO television here. In the entire country, there are only two movie houses—open only on week ends—and they often have empty seats. The Principality of Liechtenstein (65 square miles; 13,.000 population) today is smack in the middle of Europe’'s struggles for power. But Liechtensteiners go their peaceful way. They've seen the people of so many nations since the Romans march up and down their valley that they say “Gruss Gott” in their German dialect to friend or. stranger alike. : “There's good and bad in all people,” is a typical Liechtenstein philosophy.
Liechtensteiners are not an-
noyed that most people Jook upon ‘their tiny country as joke. They just go on rite ing mopey from the tourists, selling philatelists their many colorful postage stamps, growing most of their on food,
Sn,
this tiny.
buying what else they need
“from Switzerland and selling
souvenirs to Swiss visitors who think their own tiny
.country big by comparison.
” 8 n THE PRINCIPALITY is a constitutional monarchy under the reigning Prince Franz Joseph II. It has had a customs unfon with Switzerland since World War I, but it has its own elected Prime Minister and a 15-member parliament. There are two political parties and two newspapers in the country — gne for each party. The papefs-are ‘“‘polite” in their political rows: They appear only on alternate days. No one is very rich and no one is very poor.
Prince Franz Joseph con-
tributes . the equivalent of more than $100,000 each year to the treasury. Income and property taxes are extremely low-—almost nil, The foreign holding companies that régister here to profit by this nevertheless contribute enough to meet much of the country’s modest budget and keep local taxes down. Directors of these companies are not required to be residents; they need only appoint a Liechtensteiner to be a local representative. government's biggest money maker is the sale of
postage stamps. The govern-
ment takes in annually from the sale of stamps—mostly to collectors—twice as much “as
it does from income and prop-- |
erty taxes. z This is probably as pure a democracy as can be found. The castle which overlooks
. NEWC
to be ready | tion of the b
4 Inn Char
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