Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 April 1952 — Page 8
Bw
rg,
R BEADING the accounts of the straight-away reporters
and the experts, the layman gets two quite different impressions of the latest atom bomb blast on the flats o
The Indianapolis Times
A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER
)Y W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE* HENRY W, MANZ ROY W, HOWA
Saturday, Apr. 26, 1952
Editor PAGE 8
nited Press. Scripps-Howa
Price In M , dally on day only aly Ag, Sade ner states. 8 Sesico daily $1.10 scamonth. Sunday
vv
Only One. Issue
N' THE controversy over President Truman's seizure of the steel industry, the smoke has obscured the fire. It is no solution to scream “dictator” at the President. He is no dictator. We don’t think he has any ambition to { pe-a dictator, Far from it. That charge
as it is trite, * .
What Mr, Truman has done is to follow simply, and fumblingly, his normal éourse—political expediency. : It may be that some of the power-hungry boys in the administration would like to boss the steel industry, or anything else they can boss. But not Mr. Truman. He is just as anxious to get out from under the situation he has created by the seizure as he was to get out from under the situation which persuaded him to use it. That has been the President's habit—to sidestep one crisis by creating another, in this case & bigger one, It is no solution, either, to threaten the President with That proposal has no political, and Mttle constitutional merit. Mr. Truman probably would welcome it, because eventually it would turn out to his political ,
impeachment.
benefit.
BUT IT would not solve the issue.
The issue, although simple, is as fundamental as ‘American life itself, because it involves the very essence - of the Constitution—the right of all citizens to be free of
prbitrary, one-man law,
. That is what the President did—he made aslaw. There have been industrial seizures before, in times of emergency.
But all have been supported by law.
It doesn't matter whether the President seized the
‘can do to anybody or anything. * The issue, then, is:
Does the President have the “inherent powers” on 10 says he based his seizure? If there is even flimsy basis for such supposition, it ought to be repealed— "and speedily. If there is not, his action should be sotindly repudiated, by public opinion, by the courts, and by a ‘specific law in Congress saying it will not be done again.
Hey
-Prison Riot :
JT 18 a strange state of affairs when 170 hardened criminals in a prison can stage a five-day riot, hold 13 prison guards as hostages and dictate the terms on which they ul oe oi Holi e quarrel with the Michigan officials who capitulated to the prison mob, led by a psychopathic,’ as the only means of saving the lives of the hostage guards. ‘But what kind of a prison administration is it which functions so loosely that 170 rioters can take over a whole institution, creating a brawl which cost one life, injured
“15 persons and did $2 million damage?
The attorney general of Michigan has started an investigation to determine what charges may. be brought against the rioters. It is Michigan's business, but we hope he also will direct some attention to the conditions which
made this possible.
Administrations in other states might do well to take a close look at their own prisons, before more trouble starts.
¥
Nevada.
The newsmen, observing this historic explosion, spoke of the “majestic fury of the blinding blast” that followed
‘the bomb's dropping.
e more technical observers said, in effect, that it all was very interesting, but that the use of atomic explosives in ground warfare still is some way from perfection. - Let us string along with the nontechnical reporters. Take it as you may, the very idea of atomic power, especially atomic power adapted to warfare, is one of And however close development of the weapon may be to rifle-shot use, mankind can do no less
“majestic fury.”
than view it with awe and apprehension.
It doubtless is true that science so far is merely in the kindergarten of its ultimate knowledge of atomic power. But come that knowledge will—perhaps all too soon for the safety of civilization. Unless, of course, by some miracle "the minds of men become more adaptable to decency in
human relations.
Until that miracle happens, this free nation has no choice except to set:the pacé in the development of this
both wondrous and appalling science.
Bill of Goods
PRESIDENT TRUMAN, at a press conference last week, attributed his election in 1948 to the fact that he made 355 speeches to the people and sold them a bill of goods. Which serves to point up the fact that a bill of goods delivered is not always the bill of goods sold. ;
PRESIDENT TRUMAN seems to have put too much
brass in the hot steel dispute.
” . " ”
»
SOME railroads are serving pre-cooked meals'at lower
prices than the old re-cooked ones.
. » » » ”
_ SEN. TAFT has promised to put a Southern Democrat in his cabinet. Sounds like old home week for Sen. Byrd.
ok adage, “to the victor belongs
wned and shed dally by indiana ine p Pit F%ne and B outs hed Newsoaoer ico and Audis Burean of Circulation
0" County bh eenta a cop
AL for Sunday: del by earrien daily
10¢ Mail r
daily $500 »
Telephone PL aza 5551 Give Light and the People Will Fina Thelr Own Woy
is as ridiculous
teed plants, or the steel union, or a church or the corner saloon. What he did he did without authority of law. What he did, if he can get away with it, he or any other Presiden
. . ~ JUMBINA is a 41-year-old elephant in the Washington, D. C., Zoo who doésn’t know enough to come in out of the rain. GOP headquarters deny she is a young Republican.
no NEA Rerve
* ¢ dally ang ioe unday Ise a tn indians
RA
spoils,” is nog 8. 4 but ln x 2 . } . a profiy smart esha. at folipeps fide fers: :
» 3, . fal Gp
POWER . . . By Roger Stuart
How Far Can A Presid
WASHINGTON, Apr. 26—How extensive is the power of a President? Does he possess practically unlimited powers, as Harry 8. Truman thinks” Mr. Truman has seized railroads and steel companiés, ‘Is he right and are those who helieve he exceeded his authority in the steel dis. pute wrong? - > £9» IN seizing private property, Mf. Truman has
relied often on what he calls “inherent powers”
of the presidency. Those opposing. his stand insist he has made two serious errors:
ONE~They believe he has violated his oath °
of oftice-«~to “protect and defend the Constiturn
TWO-—They believe he has acted “without due process of law” -~this being a Constitutional must, o Bome feel that, if Congress acts now to reassert its authority, the damage can be repaired and the President shown that he must stick to the Constitution--even in emergencies, ¢ 9 9.
* THE .Constitution lists the presidential powers In very few words, He is the executive head of the government and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. He makes treaties (with the help of the Senate), makes appoint~
Lo. a + nr
°
ments (usually subject to Senate approval), recommends legislation tq Congress and conducts forcign affairs. He has power to “grant reprieves and pardons” and “he shall take care, that the laws be faithfully executed.” ! But added fo these provisions are an accumulation of presidential powers and duties which have been mounting steadily for many years. The “inherent powers” are unspecified. But by custom, by congressional acquiescence and by court decision (the latter invariably following some far-reaching presidential step) they are recognized as tremendous. At times, they have seemed to be limitless—s0 ‘long as public opinion supported the President's acts, Indeed; public opinion, rather than congressional action or laws, has proved to be the big-
. gest factor,
Woodrow Wilson declared that “the Presi. dent is at liberty, both in law and conscience, to be as big a man as he can.” Franklin D, Roosevelt felt in 1942 that he had enough public backing to risk telling Congress that if it weakened price control he himself would restore
it. \ ¢ $b
PUBLIC opinion was such that both Presidents made out all right. The Constitution says that Congress alone has the power to declare war. Yet the Library of Congress has dug up more than 140 in
‘stances in which Presidents have used the
Dep't of Utter Confusion B
Talburt
i
"HOOSIER
FORUM— Railways’
" do not agree with a word that you say, but | will defend to the death your right to say it."
oe”
sebssEsANIIIRRANIEN
one ' seasenees
MR. EDITOR: Your headline in the Apr. 23 edition is the most asinine piece of literature I have ever read. ‘Less Auto Parking-—More Bus Riding.” We, beyond a shadow of a doubt, have the poorest service for busses and the most expensive in the United States. Now they have the guts to ask Yor another fare increase. Twenty cents for the privilege of standing up on a crowded bus and being pushed and shoved and bawled out all the way home. ; Do you honestly think the people of Indianapolis are going to let Indianapolis Railways get oy with this forever? If so, they are the most stupid people in the world. My wife works uptown and in the past three weeks she has been lucky enough to get a seat one time. 1 tried to drive up and pick her up one evening last week. There is no place to park a car (thanks to our wonderful Police Department who is working hand in glove with our lousy bus lines) and received a ticket for parking in an alley long enough to tell her I would pick her up. * © @ ONE MORE gripe about their robbing pro-
SIDE GLANCES
4-20
Rav fae EE ARAL
By Galbraith
.
"an CRRNNNASRARRIRRNNNRRRRRNI RT IRRARARIR RRR
posals, Ten cents to ride a scliool-bus. The
- children in our neighborhood are so crowded
that almost every day the driver has to open the rear door to let passengers on the bus. The kids don't seem to- mind riding this way but honestly if hogs or cows were hauled into the stockyards like our busses are loaded the truckers could not get insurance on them. Yet our I, R, has nerve enough to ask for more fare increases. Isn't anyone in Indianapolis smart enough to figure that either poor management is causing thg company to lose money or someone is lying? - Another thing, why is it that one-half of every block is yellow for our wonderful busses? Is the idea to force everyone to ride our crowded busses, or do city employees just like to paint? Now, even our Mayor is siding with the Railways. They sure work hard to milk the public dry. Why not run a survey and see what the public (and I mean the bus-riding public) thinks about the service they are getting? Try some of the runs going west or south, also. Or does the company dare? o -—D. E. Gregory, City,
WASHINGTON, Apr. 26 — we might as well steel ourselves. President, Truman's seizure of the nation’s steel mills as of now has the combatants hereabouts. ready to bare their cold, steel blades. They are so angry now that pereé words won't do. " Five differerit congressional committees are investigating this sudden governinental control of our most basic industry. A judge is trying to decide whether Mr. T. bit off a bigger bite than he had any right. * One Congressman tried to get th~ President impeached, but the Democrats on the Ju'diciary Committee stopped that. Now the- Senate seems bent on writing into every appropriation bill a clause saying the President can’t spend a nickel of it running the steel business. S80 there I was in the National Press Club listening to Clarence D. Randall. the presi. dent of the Inland Steel Com. pany, lambast the President. In
vn 9 > 0S
T - Armed Forces for hostile acts without a declaration of war, In some cases, war did result. ‘ Here's what some Presidents also have done: President Washington, in 1794, sent troops to suppress the Whiskey Rebellion, he himself took the field without consulting Congress, Abraham Lincoln, early in the Civil War, established. a virtual diétatorship. Refusing to convene Congress until four months after he was inaugurated, he raised funds and spent them, increased the size of the armed forces beyond the limits set by law and blockaded Southern ports. Later he suspended the right
* of habeas corpus and issued a set of regulations
for the Army, though the Constitution specifically gives that power to Congress,
He even suspended two New York newspapers
prog World and the Journal of Commerce-—in 1864. ' . “ » o> . .
IN DE of his acts, Mr, Lincoln later sald: “Was it possible to lose the nation and yet preserve the Constitution? By general law, life and limb must be protected, yet often a limb must be amputated to save a life, but a life is never wisely given to save a limb.” Theodore Roosevelt set up a “stewardsh theory.” He said it allowed him to do almost anything not specifically forbidden to him by law or the Constitution. Thus he paved the way for what has been called “a mighty reservoir of crisis authority” reposing in the presidency. TR sald of one action: “I took the Canal
Rs
& aw .
iH . 5 ” dg i 4 + be . 0)
ent Go And Who Tells Him To Stop?
“Zone and let Congress debate, and while the debate goes on, the canal does alse.” a Woodrow Wilson understoc * the Constitu. tion about as well as any President. Yet he assumed powers not granted him either by Constitution or law. He orderéd the bombardment of Vera Cruz and, two years laters sent Gen, John J. Pershing on an expedition into Mexico, Both of these were acts of war if Mexico had . chosen to consider them so. ve "In 1917, President Wilson asked Congress for authority to arm American merchantmen, but at the same time said he could do this * without tongreasianial authotity if he chose. IN THE case of President Truman's steel - seizure, as in so many actions of other Presi. dents, the decision as to whether the Chief ‘Executive actually possessed such power was determined, not by Congress or a court, but by the President himself. Skis . It is significant that Sen. Herbert Lehman (D. N. Y.), in defending Mr. Truman's action, cited. no law. He was content ‘to assert that it was an emergency action ‘which the Presi. dent of the United States felt to be clearly
* ' withih his authority, an action whose legality
cannot he finally determined until there is a decision by the Supreme Court.’ How far can Presidents go? History shows that they have gone constantly farther and farther, and they are likely to continue until Congress—or the people acting through Cone gress and the ballot box-—call a halt.
BOOMERANG . . . By Peter Edson
WASHINGTON, Apr, 26—-U. 8. delegates to thé recent Economic Commission for Europe meeting in Geneva, Switzerland, came back pretty well beat down,
William H. Draper Jr, new U, 8. representa- .
tive on the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Council, was designated chief th U. 8. representative to ECE, but he couldn’t be in Geneva much of the time because of the NATO reorganization and removal from London to Paris. In his place, Paul Porter, Mutual Security Administra~ tor for Europe, and Robert E, Asher, former head of the U. 8. permanent. mission to ECE in Geneva, had to hold
down the lid with their staff -» of trade experts and advisers. Mr. Porter Criticism of America re- cou th the lid
volved aroung two main points. First was a feeling of to much American
interference in internal affairs of friendly °
countries. Second was a feeling that the U. 8. was now concerned only in military defense and had no .more interest in the economic recovery of Western Europe. - Specifically the criticism centered on certain United States foreign trade laws. One was Alabama Congressman Laurie C. Battle's bill which bans e giving of American aid to European countries that export strategic materials to Communist countries. Another was Section 104 of the Defense Mobilization bill, This is the so-called “cheese amendment” which cuts down the imports of foreign fats, oils and dairy products into the United States, A third sore spot that still hurts is the requirement that 50 per cent of the Marshall Plan goods had to be shipped in American vessels. American freighters were pulled out of mothballs to handle this traffic, while some Eurgpean shipping remained idle. A fourth resentment was found to be coming from European manufacturers who were able to quote prices gn defense supplies 25 per cent below American levels, but still were unable to make sales because of pressure from home to “Buy American.” : ; Delegates to Geneva from the Soviet bloc countries, aware of the criticisms of American trade policies, concentrated their propaganda attack with arguments that the United States was really not interested in European recoyery. It was said that all America wanted was to expand its own export market while barring the
Trade Laws Hurt U. S. Interests
exports from other countries. This was the
theme that was also repeated at the more recent
Moscow trade parley, A secondary effect. of this development is that it has weakened American insistence that’ the European countries break down thelr own internal trade barriers and develop’ a freer market, One other effeet is that when the United States shuts down on imports from Europe, it forces .the European countries to seek other markets. The most natural place to look for these markets is in Communist-dominated eastern , where, before the war, there had been traditional East-West trade. In redevelop ing this trade, complications immediately arise, A few examples {llustrate,
Couldn't Afford Coal
SEVERAL of the countries hardest hit by U. 8. cheese import restrictions depend heavily on Poland for a considerable amount of their coal. Recently the Poles made it clear that they
would not supply coal to Western Europe un-
less they would furnish strategic machine tools in exchange. |
Ordinarily, these countries would have turned down the Polish request without hesitation and bought their coal from the U, 8. But after counting the dollars that they could earn by selling less cheese-to the U. 8, and all the dollaraid they might receive in addition, they found they could not possibly afford to buy American coal.
If the cheese amendment could have been repealed, the problem could have been solved without difficulty. If it can’t be repealed, the alternative seems to be to give the coal away, to the detriment of the Mutual Security program which might well use the money for munitions to better advantage, and at the expense of the American taxpayer. .
Southern Italy offers another example of how the cheese amendment has worked against American interests. Southern Italy is notoriously poor. With a great deal of unemployment, it has been a fertile ground for Communist agitators. 4 . Before the cheese amendment was ‘passed, one of the bright spots in Southern Italy was a developing market for cheese exports to America. After the amendment was passed last year, when the bottom dropped out of the Italian cheese market, agents from the Communist countries appeared, offering to buy agricultural products of the area, with obvious propaganda ntent.
TOUGH TASK . . . By R. H. Shackford
Who Will Get lke’s Position?
LONDON, Apr. 26—Choosing between Gen, Matthew Ridgway and Gen. Alfred Gruenther
, to succeed Gen. -Eisenhower as commander of
the Atlantic Pact army is not going to be easy. Differences’ already are crdpping up in ofe ficial quarters during preliminary informal discussions. BSE SE While the Pentagon seems to lean toward Gen. Ridgway,
Europeans — especially the British—probably prefer Gen: Gruenther, /
The British favor Gen. Gruenther because: ONE—Gen. Ridgway's association with American policy in the Far East makes the Bbitish uneasy. They don’t approve of all aspects of American Far Eastern Gen. Ridgway policy. «oo lke's job? ~~ TWO—Gen. Gruenther is considered a man of. lesser stature in the military fraternity than Gen. Ridgway, who is considered a “strong” personality, This is no reflection oh Gen. Gruenther. The British characteristically dislike “strong” men in such: powerful intérnational positions. This includes strong Englishmen. THREE-—The British still are smarting because they consider too few high NATO commands have been given them. FOUR-—Both" the British and French feel
STEEL ISSUE . . . By Frederick C. Othman
Red-Hot Ingots Fly Around Congress
steel business. He ‘said he couldn't believe his ears when he heard President Truman an-
workers. Then, according to a rumor that's the next thing to the official word, + helll allow
their voices may carry more weight with a man like Gen. Gruenther than a field commander like Gen. Ridgway. Gen. Gruenther never has held a field command. He has always been a staff or desk officer. And he's a very junior four-star general.
— Old timers like Field Marshal Viscount Mont«
gomery, who's deputy supreme commander of the NATO army, and the French Gen. Alphonse Juin, who's in charge of Central Europe land forces, might have more influence on the younger Gen. Gruenther,
Lot of Bickering DISCUSSIONS on Gen. Eisenhower's succes» sor in the new NATO Council will begin next week. There may be a Jot of bickering and bargaining before the decision is made. There may even be some talk about whether Ike's successor should be an American. However, the hullabaloo which the appointment of a non-American would cause in Cofigress, probably prevents any serious consideration of a European successor. Part of the European sentiment for Gen. Gruenther stems from the general belief that he is Ike's favorite for the job, and the similar belief in Europe—where American political nominating procedures are not underst —that
Gen. Eisenhower is bound to hb President. e the next U. 8.
he predicts the scramble will get worse before it 2 becomes
nounce on television that he now was the No. 1 steel master. Let the President get away with this, roared Mr. Randall," and the government’ll be taking charge of any other business it pleases. It can seize labor unions, too, said he, and lower wages as well as raise them. I tell you, he was sore. . Any moment now Secretary of Commerce Charles Sawyer is likely to announce that he’s giving a wage raise to the steel
LOS
the steel companies to raise their prices $3 per ton. These firms haven't asked for any such raise. So Mr,
Sawyer’ll have to hike the ceil- .
ing price on steel to put the raise through. He'll do this under the Capehart amendment, which Mr. Truman has been insisting Congress ought to repeal because it is inflationary, If that sounds a little Alice-in-Wonderlandish, you've got the idea. What happens next is anybody's gudss, 80 long as
LOVE
MY dearest one I dread to see . . . the hour daytime wends , . . for it means that the night is near’. . , the night that never ends... and though I'm lonely through the day . . . I'm
sorrowful each night . , . ¢ « of when I held you tight
bring memories . .
because the stars
“+o I'm haunted by the shadows that . . . the moon casts o'er the trees . . . and 1 imagine you are near . . . when kissed by midnight's breeze + «» for nighttime makes me reminisce . .*. of all that used to be ... and as I look into the sky « + « your image there I see . . . and that is why
brings me visions of . . . the
f : ~~ ==By Ben Burroughs.
5
3
better. I'm laying in some cotton for my ears before braving the halls of Congress, where The swords are about to clash. wed fh aan pe deliers tinkle: , She chan.
“Let the President not think that the cou will n laying ouatry take this e sald, and I quote, that there Was a special law the time the government took over the coal business; that Congress has agreed when. thé fed. erals went into the railroad in« dustry. Steel was different. The President Just decided all by his lonesome that the ConStitutian gave him the power e steel Randall said. fuftl, ar. “And he made a sad mis.
take,” ‘added this bit master. ter steel
Rasa n AWAY.
MUELLER—W, husband of
2313 W sm. Our La ends invite at mortuary.
RANDOLPH - years, beloy dra Heston
ty: 80! Shite. Wad olph, janapolis.
He never co that kind, One of those Sadly misse SIST
pesmemR—— 8 Funera Rc ll kl le
CONKLE 153 W. Michi 4 W. 16th | Parley Funers
LL
957 N. Delaws p—
I ——————— Legal Notic NOTICE OF OF COUN ADDITION! Notice is here! of Marion Cou County Council at the usual mee in the Court Ho! aplais Indiana, (C.8.T) on the April, 1952, to c {tional Approp Commissioner
County Audito incidental exp nection with issuance of bo also, to consid the County in ti cover said ap funds necessary
the County Aud! ing taxpayers ot appropriation m yers may
Auditor when s "Dated this 19!
4 NOTICE OF F PROPOSED AM BE __ADOF BOARD OF Notice is here ular meeting; on
cerning the fol Rules and: reg tration of the Act of 1036 as plementary and county and/or: welfare concer of assistance blind assistance county director licensing of nt information co! fon under the
A. M. Dayligt th Meridian na, said boa a eadments 10 posed rules an val Sta!
‘of hn a Y
Be 2a