Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 April 1952 — Page 11

2 @ = » Inside Indianapolis By Ed Sovola " TO A LOCKSMITH, life door after another. If you're in, you want to get out, if you're out, you want to get in, - . Since Audley Dunham, D.L. (Doctor of Locks), is In Florida loafing away spring as he has winter, his shop was used to fritter away a morning. Two. friendly locksmiths plus a warm shop on a cold, rainy morning make a good combination. i . I learned early that the most'y important thing to remember about a lock is the key. Also, * that Fred Harmon and Bob Jackson are “safe” men to call when the key to a vexing situation is locked Inside of a car or lost in a haystack. We threw a great deal of * fiction into the wastepaper basket. For example, Fred and Bob scoffed at the idea of anyone being able to open a safe by the touch-and-listen method. That's movie and ‘pulp magazine stuff, they said. eo FRED HAULED out a relatively simple 4disc combination lock and explained that it had a possible 1 million combinations that could be set. You could hear the mechanism click but that wasn’t the solution. “A man could twirl the knob and listen to clicks until he had a beard down to his ankles and still not hit the proper arrangement. Do you know how long it would take to work out a million possibilities?” “Couple of days?” That question changed the subject. “Tell him about the time you locked yourself out of your house and couldn't get in,” laughed Ancther one of those shoemaker-without-shoes stories. Fred didn't think it was funny. One cold Sunday morning he stepped out on his front porch in pajamas and robe to get the Sunday newspaper. The door slammed shut. Fred didn’t have a key and his wife wasn’t home. “For a cold Yew minutes I thought I'd have to call a locksmith,” said Fred, “until I remembered my wife had a key buried in the yard. I don't mind digging frozen ground with my fingers.” > ¢ 2 THEY SPIKED ‘another misconception. A master key won't open all locks. It will fit only the locks which it was built for and you find this

is just one locked

It Happened Last Night

By Ear

Ag cy ' NEW YORK, Apr. 15—A few minutes past midnight, when every . self-respecting actress should be in a night club, Helen Hayes was riding homeward through Central Park in a taxi— with me. : “I remember our last interview very well,” the First Lady of Broadway said, dreamily. “TI remember it very well, too,” I answered, a touch bitterly. LL " “I told ‘you I was retiring from the stage,” Miss Hayes said. : oR TRUS “It was a big scoop,” I retorted. “And it still is, It's nice of you to admit,” though, that’ you bamboozled me.” “Oh, I meant to retire.” Her

ilson

voice clenched its fists (if you ; will be so kindly). “It turned tise Hayes out to be the funniest retirement I ever retired °

to. I'm .doing more work now than ever.”

“Remind me never to retire that way,” ‘re-

sponded this betrayed journalist. Let me explain all. Helen had just finished her performance in “Mrs. McThing.” She was going ‘home to pick up her gallant husband, Charlie MacArthur. Riding with us was a young opinion-moulder who kept trying to change the subject to her new “My Son, John.” The young fellow was. .at this hour because Helen is so busy she gan only talk about the movie after ‘The rest of her day 1s taken up with her “retirement.” : Helen and. Charlie were going to taxi back down to the Waldorf a little later. Swathed in evening raiment, she would tender to Vivien h just what Miss Leigh needed—another award, On behalf of ANTA. Around 2 or 3 a. m., nobody would be able. to think of any more fof her to do, and she would be free to go home,

CHARLIE WAS waiting in his dinner jacket, not to mention in the kitchen, making some fresh coffee. > “We were just speaking of Helen's retirement,” I mentioned. «It Helen would retire for one night, I would be very happy,” said Charlie, tossing down. som of the coftes recklessly. “But evem after the show, she must go flapping around town,’ Handing out knickknacks in public places.” Charlie eyed her severely, “You know what Helen is?” he asked.

is an incorrigible saint.”

High Stakes By Peter Lisagor

WASHINGTON, Apr. 15 (CDN) — German public opinion has become the arbiter in the diplomatic game now being played between Russia and the West. ‘Diplomats studying the latest Soviet note on German elections and unification have discovered nothing new or startling in it. But in their search for possible subtleties, the question uppermost in their minds, it is admitted, is “What effect will it have on the Germans?” The same questiomr will dominate a reply, as it did on Mar. 25 when the United States, Britain and France, in consultation with German officials, responded to the Soviet proposals for a German peace ey.

“Helen

* BECAUSE American officials are convinced that the Germans, as well as the French, aren't excited or agitated by just any Soviet proriouncement, they were slightly surprised the Russians didn’t offer more bait in their latest nota. It is pointed out that the Russians might have tossed out a hint here and there that they were ready to talk about an Austrian treaty, for example, or discuss other causes of tension. Any such new idea might have stirred the Germans and French, it is believed, Into delaying current negotiations " Bonn and Paris. o> & INSTEAD, the Russians apparently decided that mere repetition of their previous proposals would serve to emphasize them in the German mind and thus gain in appeal among the Germans, it is observed here. This is now deemed highly doubtful because of German reaction to the original Soviet suggestion that a German national army be recreated, a Soviet sop thrown to rightist elements who ostensibly oppose German forces as part of a European army. But support for the national army idea was not forthcoming, authorities assert, even among many of those who might be expected to approve fit. ¢ ON DIPLOMATIC sources believe that some clue to how big a German army the Russians might envisage is contained in Soviet reference to the Japanese treaty conference in San Francisco last September. Germany, the Russians suggested,.at least should have some of the same, as that offered Japan. ly The Russian suggestion for Japan, it is recalled, were 150,000 men in a land army; 25,000 in the navy (to consist of 75,000 tons), and a 20,000-man air force. vis, Assuming this is what the Russians migh have in mind for Germany, it is regarded as large enough to frighten the French and per: the. Germans who

remains clear, .in tt

‘haps too small to, tary . t to flex their mili muscles again. TE rem the’ view of diplomats

“young man with us! “ ‘My Son, John.’

Here's a Safe : Bet i

On Opening Locks

to be true in hotels and apartment buildings. A master key is limited to a specific number of lozks. . Both men carry a kit of picks to open locks. They don't like to show them to just anyone. I didn't get to see them. With the picks they can open” a vast number of locks. Sometimes they run up against one that won't yield. When that happens, they drill into the lock. When drilling doesn't work; they replace the lock. Simple when you're legitimate, ; A locksmith often has to improvise and use his ingenuity. Fred had a call from a housewife in Williams Creek one time who had locked herself out, Fred couldn't pick the lock, jimmy a window. He saw a set of keys on the kitchen table, The lady pointed out the one to the front door. With a file Fred made a duplicate on the spot. : “That doesn’t happen very often,” he added. eS 9

SEVERAL YEARS ago Fred was called to open a door of a local hotel. It had been bolted on the inside and the occupant hadn't checked out. Fred opened the door and found the guest hanging on the closet door. He doesn't remember whether he waited to get paid for the job or not. It takes years to learn the trade and a man has to serve a long apprenticéship before he can break into a good office ‘or business establishment safe. Both men are constantly being surprised when they're called to repair safes after burglars have broken into them, “Where some of those guys learn to knock off a combination or cut into a safe, we can’t figure out. What burglars often do in a few hours, it would take us days. Of course, a burglar doesn’t care about neatness,” added Fred. The skelton key is a thing of the past. A skeleton key lock is a hairpin lock. You might as well use a peg. For the most peace of mind, the jimmy-proof lock is the buy. A skilled locksmith needs a drill to get it open. s Both men agreed that locks give a feeling of security. Noise is a big factor in keeping a burglar away. The professional shuns light and noise which are on the side of the honest man. They also dgree it's disconcerting when a petson calls for help and then stands over their shoulder and gives advice. “We have a humorous saying in this business,” interrupted Bob. “Locks keep the honest people out.” More truth than humor in that statement.

The Latest Scoop On Helen Hayes

Helen, smiling at the word picture, wondered aloud whether there would be time for a relaxing drink, For me, Helen has that ethereal quality with which she can say “damn”-—and make it sound like church bells. She mentions “drink"— and you think of milk and honey. . “I'm the president of ANTA. We've got to be d little late for this thing,” she said. . “Why is it,” Charlie asked her, “that you go on working? And here I am at home alone, grinding my teeth and never letting you know.” “Why, you angel. You never told me,” Helen . & .

© “Never told you? In November or December

1 go dutifully down to see what's left of the annuities she badgered me into buying. You see, for years I told myself, ‘You've got to get up in the morning and make that annuity.” “We were going Fg a Sule

, “ALL THOSE TRIPS we've never taken,” Helen said. ; . “The Equitable Life Assurance Co. has even been asking why you didn’t go away,” Charlie told her. “Then sent a letter saying they didn’t like to pry, but why were you still in the country?” “It's just that I planned to do this show for two weeks, and it kept running,” Helen said. “I'm a girl that stays.” “You're forgetting our annuities that are pleading to be squandered,” said Charlie. Zuo#And then there's her movie,” spoke up the

“Did you see it?” asked Helen, “My wife did and she says it's sure to get the Academy Award. My wife knows everything,” I said. . : “Don’t they all?” replied Charlie. And so, when Helen thought she would be late :enough, we piled into a cab-—around 12:45—gnd plowed ‘off to the Waldorf. But, as she perhaps had guessed, she was early. Miss Leigh hadn't yet arrived. But did, in a few minutes. “Is there anything newsworthy you want ro tell me?* I asked Helen just before taking off. “Yes,” she answered. “I am retiring from the stage. This is my last play.” “Sure,” I said. ; @ ob TODAY'S BEST LAUGH: Harvey Stone figgres that diplomats are in the olive branch of government. “oS > 2 TODAY'S DAFFYNITION: “A toupee is nothing but a false hood”’—Arthur Murray. That's Earl, brother. 7

East. West Vying For German Opinion

here, that the Russians hope to stall the European army negotifitions by dragging the Western Powers, if possible, into long, tangled meetings of the Big Four, Past experience in the United Nations, at Paris last year and. at Panmunjom, has convinced these authorities that the process can be an endless one. It might also prove fruitless, to the detriment of plans for including German forces in European defense. This ‘is the prime aim of the West, o “- “°

BUT BECAUSE of the delicacy with which German public opinion is regarded, the exchange of notes probably will continue for some time, it is agreed. .

Only when the Russians feel they have to §

turn up a card or two to prevent West German integration with Western Europe are they likely to do so. And then, it is felt, they'll do so only if they want to prevent it badly enough to give up something they value, like Eastern Germany, and calculate that only such a sacrifice can stay the integration process,

Dishing the Dirt By Marguerite Smith

Q—A. beginner , , , wanting advice on roses.

A—TFirst, do not buy “false bargain’ roses— those that have laid around under improper handling until they are drying out and on their way to passing out even before you get them in the ground.” ‘Do buy properly handled dormant roses —those whose roots and tops have been kept moist. . Or later, after the first of next month, get potted ones if you want to be reasonably sure of success. Don’t start out with too many if you

Read Marguerite Smith's Garden Column in The Sunday Times

know little about gardening in general. By the time you have brought four or five through a ‘summer you will have the know-how for a full-

size rose garden and also know what varieties

you want. I'd ‘certainly start with a’ floribunda or two. They're less fussy about care and soil than the larger hybrid teas. They also bloom freely and so give you a feeling of confidence to build on, Choose one or two of the best hybrid teas—Peace and Crimson Glory or some of the

older time-tested varieties like Mrs. Pierre DuPont

or E. P. Thom. Prepare soil well. Use cow ma-

nure if you can possibly get it. The lovely rose -

dotes on cow manure. Mix in some chemical fertilizer. Dig- holes and wide enough to spreads roots out well. Watch drainage. Raise the bed a little if your soil is the sort that simply

* holds water after every rain. & ir

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Feuds and Friends— ° ih | i

Q

No. 7

By KERMIT McFARLAND , ‘Soripps-Howard Stall Welter WASHINGTON, Apr. 15 ~—President Truman has been widely pictured as a man who stands by his friends, come hell or high water. But he also has shown himself to be a good hater. His administration has been peopled by a strange mixture of well-knowns and little-knowns, of crack administrators and gents with a penchant for getting their fingers burned, of dreamy do-gooders and precinct

mercenaries, of self-sacrificing

patriots and self-serving graspers. The next President, whoever he may be, will inherit this assortment of advisers and jobholders. And whether he keeps some, or all or none, their works will come to live with him for many a day after

_he takes office.

In the book, “Mr. President,” the collaborator, Willlam Hillman, quotes himself as saying to Mr. Truman: “You know, it is said about you that you have stood by a man. to the last drop of mercy.”

» - » “I WOULD rather have that said about me,” the President is quoted as replying, “than to be a great man.” : Mr. Truman's reputation for red-necked defense of his friends is well known in such cases as his staunch loyalty to Maj. Gen. Harry Vaughan, his military aide, or his repeated professions of confidence in Sor.

in deals which were embarrassing to the administration. But in other instances, Mr. Truman's “last drop of mercy” has fallen much more precipitately. His feud with James F. Byrnes, now Governor of South Carolina, probably is the prize example. we When Mr. Truman first went to the Senate, the man to whom he most often looked for guidance was then Sen. Byrnes, When he became President, one of the first persons he consulted was Mr. Byrnes. And on the ‘train coming back from President Roosevelt's funeral, he asked Mr. Byrnes to be Secretary of State in his cabinet. What caused the break between them never has been

. fully related.

” Ad ” A IN' HIS book, “Mr, President,” Mr. Truman doesn’t’ go into the Vaughan or the Boyle eases, or any similar ones. But he goes into some detail about the three men he seems to dislike most: Mr. Byrnes, Gen. MacArthur and Bernard Baruch. He prints a letter he says he wrote and ‘read to Mr. Byrnes under date of Jan. 5, 1948, which implies that the Becretary of State was taking too much in his own hands and not

By BLAIR BOLLES

THE GOLDEN key in Washington is friendship. Undoubtedly the great

majority of officials steadfastly try to make decisions on the basis of merit and justice. But those who have fallen into the modern way command the sluice gates of ‘the . Treasury. Influence fis almost never bought by bribery or other obviously immoral

means, .although don ations to the

Mr. Bolles

national committees of the political parties play a part. It usually grows from a sense of camaraderie, The men on the inside want to do right by the “good fellows”

on the outside.

Frequently these “good fellows” are former employees of the agéncy with which they are dealing. The sugar refiners were represented in their successful dealings with: the Department of Agriculture by men who had recently been on the payroll of the sugar section of the department.

The Alien Property Custodian long kept Col. Louis Johnson,

‘former Secretary of Defense,

as counsel for General Analine and Film at $50,000 a year. The elevation of friendship to a principle of ‘government began with President Trunian himself. ; Like Grant and Harding, he is an honest man. There is no evidénce to the contrary. Yet his political career was wrought by a politician from the old school of vote-buying dishonesty, This was Tom Pender-

gast. ¥ 4% nn

PENDERGAST made Tru:

man judge and put him into the

| Senate. Pendergast was ithe

e Indianapolis Times

TUESDAY, APRIL 15, 1952 ~~ - PAGER - i

"EDITOR'S NOTE: This Is

WILLIAM M. BOYLE, former Democratic chairman, was defended by Mr. Truman even though discovered in deals which embarrassed the administration, while , . .

consulting the President. Mr. Byrnes says he never heard of the letter. But, read or not, the letter shows an extreme bitterness toward Mr, Byrnes. Mr. Truman’s later remarks in press conferences carried the same sharpness, Yet Mr, Byrnes stayed in the Cabinet a year after the President says he read him this barbed : letter.” And when he quit, Jan. 7, 1947, Mr. Truman announced he had accepted the resignation “with great reluctance and heartfelt regret” and he praised Mr. Byrnes for ‘rare tact and judgment.” . - © ; - ” » ; wh “YOURS has been a steadying hand,” the President wrote his retiring Secretary. ?

And Mr, Byrnes, In a letter to the President, had remarked that the two men “never failed to agree on foreign policies.” The President's book also includes the acid letter he wrote to Mr. Baruch in 1948, after the aged adviser to Presidents had declined to serve on a campaign money-raising committee. “A great many honors have passed your way,” Mr, Truman wrote, “both to you and .your family, and it seems when the going. is. rough ft 48 a ohe-way street.” The letter would indicate Mr. Truman had forgotten that it was Mr, Baruch, through Sen. Byrnes, who had come to his rescue with campaign funds in 1940, when FDR was threatening to launch one of his purge campaigns against the Senator from Missouri. Mr, Truman’s stubborn allegiance to Mr. Boyle is a contrast to the way he has treated his new national chairman, Frank E. McKinney. Shortly after Mr. McKinney was named, the President made a sarcastic remark about him at a press conference. This led a reporter to ask if thereiwere

THOMAS J. PENDERGAST, tax evader and political boss, started Harry Truman on his way in politics. Some believe Pendergast responsible for hav. ing men around the President like + « «

the second of a series of chapters which tells how “Easy Money” flows so naturally in Washington. These installments are from the book, HOW TO GET RICH IN WASHINGTON,

“just published by W. W. Nor-

ton & Co., Inc. Mr, Bolles is a hewspaper man with many years’ experience in. Washton, well-known as writer and author.

complete cynie, who lived by graft, He profited personally from his political influence. When he was an old man, he was sentenced to Leavenworth penitentiary for evading payments of federal taxes on those profits. He had been good to Truman and Truman was true to him. Truman upon becoming Presi-

dent in 1945 pardoned 15 of the .

63 persons serving time for their share in the fraud of 19386. When he had been President

Hoe

BERNARD BARUCH, who had come to the aid of Mr. Truman when he was a Senator and saved his political neck, found himself on the official

hate list with... any chance Mr. McKinney might resign.

The President said no, that McKinney suited him right down to the ground and that he doesn’t pull the rug from under people he has asked to take jobs. r . » BUT recently, at Key West, the President jerked the rug from under Mr. McKinney with obvious malice aforethought. Mr. McKinney, at a press conference, had speculated on the President's future political course. The next day Mr. Truman sternly and studiously repudiated everything his national chairman had said. When Mr. Truman decided to announce his determination not to run again, he didn't tell Mr, McKinney until five minutes before he began delivery of his historie speech. © When the scandal clouds spread over. the Justice Department, Mr, Truman, at conferences, let off some remarks indicating Attorn General J. Howard McGral might not be long for his job. He already had fired T. Lamar

Caudle, the top tax lawyer in‘

the Justice rtment, - without consulting Mr, McGrath. After a conference with Mr. McGrath, however, he announced the Attorney General would head a scandal clean-up, Later, he shifted again and handed the mess over to Newbold Morris, a former New York City official and a RepubHean. Mr. Morris promptly got into his own hot water as congressional investigators dug up his connections with the get-rich-quick tanker deals.

” . ” IN SOME instances, President Truman has been adamant when the Senate has balked at confirming his appointments. Take the case of an old Kansas City political friend, Earl Wayne Beck. The President named Mr. Beck to the purely local job of Recorder of

HOW TO GET RICH IN WASHINGTON . . . No. 2—

The Golden Key To Pol

GEN. WALLACE H. GRA. HAM, the White House physician. Ger. Graham specalated in grain and cotton even after the President issued a warning against any such activity, He kept his post.

three weeks, he removed Maurice Milligan, who had prosecuted Pendergast, from. his office of U. 8. Attorney in western Missouri, Truman ‘has underlined the principle of friendship by his loyalty to members of his own staff. The actiyities have put a blemish on the concept of democratic government. 2 .p0 ” WHEN Willi#m Boyle, in October, 1951, resigned as chairman of the Democratic National i after exposure of his help to American Lithofold Corporation in obtaining an R. F. C. loan, Truman told the press that he was sorry to see Boyle go and that he had not wanted him to get out. This sentiment was in keeping with Truman's attitude toward other stumblers in his official family.

In 1947 Brig. Gen. Wallace

_H., Graham, the White Housé¢

physician, had his savings riding on his speculation in 30,000 bushels of wheat—bought on

or

GEN,.DOUGLAS MacARTHUR and James F. Byrnes. Mr. Truman said would rather stand by a friend than be a famous man, The men on his hate list wonder about that.

Deeds for the Distriet of Colum-bia-—a job so unimportant many residents of Washington never heard of it. . Yet the Senate District Committee, controlled . by Democrats, refused to confirm Mr, Beck. Senators tried to pursuade the President to withdraw the nomination, He refused, and when the committee then voted down Mr, Beck 9 to 0, Mr, Truman flatly refused to send up a second choice. “I've done my part” hes snapped. “If{they don't want a Recorde my fault.” One of the reasons for Mr, Beck's rejection was his own testimony that he knew nothing about the job. Mr. Truman posed a similar attitude when Ben. Paul Douglas of Illinois, who had supported the President much oftener than he had. opposed nm, balked at approving two federal judge candidates. . nn

ALTHOUGH the vacancies in the northern Illinois district have existed more than two years, despite dockets, the President still refuses to send up any new names, When the Senate held up ae

tion on Mr. Truman's appoint

Deeds, it's not

LEGACY |

man Cabinet was a uirect ree sult of the Pauley episode.

. ” . WHEN a Senate committee suspiciously began looking into Mr. Pauley’s background, one of the witnesses was Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes, a Roosevelt hold-over. Mr, Ickes testified Mr. Pauley had tried to get his help in scuttling 4 bill to give the federal government control over the rich tideland ofl deposits, “It was the rawest proposition ever made to me,” Mr, Ickes said. Then he dramatically re signed, saying: “I do not care to stay in an administration where I am expected to commit perjury for the sake of the party.” Probably the two strongest men Mr. Truman has had In his Cabinet were the late James Forrestal, first Defense BSecretary, and ‘the late Robert P. Patterson, who did more than anyone else in behalf of unification of the armed forces and universal military training. ® #

BOTH were men of unguestioned sincerity and ability. Mr. Truman's top troubleshooter has been W, Stuart Symington, Mr. Symington was Alr Force Secretary and then was switched to the National Security Council. Months after the war in Korea began, howPresident the

§

ment of Harry A. McDonald to Lo0

be administrator of the RFC, the President huffily announced that if Mr. McDonald were not confirmed he'd run the RFC himself. In other cases, Mr. Truman has withdrawn nominations which ran into Senate trouble, He did this with Edwin W, Pauley, the California oil man and politician, whom he wanted to make undersecretary of the Navy. Later, he named Mr, Pauley special assistant to the Secretary of the Army-—a job not requiring Senate confirmation. : One of the breaks in the Tru-

margin, President Truman issued a statement warning that “grain prices should not. be subject to the greed of speculators who” gamble on what may lie ahead in our commodity marKet.” : » . .

SOME TIME afterward Gen. Graham announced, in a press release that on the day the President spoke he had instructed his broker to sell his holdings.

The Senate Committee on Appropriations looked into his activity and discoyered that he had lied, He stayed in the commodity market until Nov. 29. Then he speculated in cotton futures until Dec. 18, the day the Senate passed a resolution authorizing the Department of Agriculture to release the names of government officials trading in commodities. ?

He admitted fo the committee that his press release was “not an accurate statement.” His hasty retreat from the market on Dec. 18 came too late to save his name from exposure, Nevertheless, Truman permitted Graham to keep his post at the White House,

» » n THE embarrassment which ~Truman suffered from Gen, Vaughan, an old World War 1

comrade, had no end. Again and again Vaughan interceded from his White House office with government officials for his miserable friend John Maragon.

He threatened to have an employee of the Department of Agriculture fired if he would not help Maragon. Truman stood by his comrade. And he stood by Dawson, his administrative assistant, who three times accepted free bed and board at $30 a day in a room facing the Atlantic Ocean from the Hotel Saxony, Miami

Beach, Fla., which had borrowed -

$1.5 million from the Recon:

struction Finance Corp.

When Fulbright's subcommittee asked Dawson to discuss his relations with RFC borrowers,

President Truman refused for

law practice. s Former Defense Mobilizer

Wilson 4 and W, Harriman, roving am foreign spending, are frequent consultants, J lo a PE

appears to be Mr. Truman when he's not writing in his diary. NEXT: Ex-Member of the Club.

itical Favors

two months to permit him to appear, . . »

TRUMAN does not require his officials to live by exacting standards of right and wrong. When Fulbright's committee ex~ posed the subservience of the RFC to the Democratic National Committee, Truman said that the report of the committee was “asinine.” He called Fulbright himself “an overeducated s.0.b.” : The. Reconstruction Finance Corp. dismissed Frank ‘Prince, chief of its Loan Operations Division, who accepted a Pola~ roid camera (price $103) and other. small presents from American Lithofold. Matthew J. Connelly, President. Truman's secretary, ace cepted a similar camera from Lithofold, and nothing was ever sald about it. ; The President kept in office Collectors of Internal Revenue whom the bureau was asking him to suspend or dismiss for incompetence, in view of their own or their subordinates’ dis honesty. ” » » ’ PRESIDENT TRUMAN, In September, 1951, proposed enactment of a law that would require all federal officials of the first rank, members of Congress, and the principal na« tional officers of the major parties, to file each year a pub lic declaration of all their ine come, including gifts and loans from every source. Such a law would not seriously interfere with opportunity in Washington. Few officials receive payment for the favors they perform. They act out of sheer carelessness, in party ine terest, for true friendship’s sake, and for a-host of other reasons that would not be disclosed by a financial statement. Such a law would not dry up the wellspring of opportunity, which is political confusion. and not

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