Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 December 1951 — Page 12

Scientific Data Carb Lid to McCarran Act |

WASHINGTON, Dec. 7 (CDN) | The flow of scientific informa-| tion from abroad is being | threatened by the State Depart-| ment’s almost inflexible admin-| istation of the internal security| act. Prominent American scientists! have protested in vain against the near-blanket refusal of the| department’s visa section to ad-| mit dutstanding foreign scientists) invited here for scientific con-| ferences. The visa section insists that the law, popularly known as the Me-| Carran Act, ties its hands. | Even where the issue may be inl ioubt on a technicality and where! ‘he individual scientist may be rouchsafed as an anti- Communist, visa officials are taking what the] .cientists describe as the easy vay out by denying the visa without further ado. Scientists Embittered | The net result, the scientists maintain, is that many scientists| therwise friendly to the U nited tates are being embittered and lienated. But more important than this, hey contend, is the dangerous ag being perpetuated in Ameriin development in fundamental cience. Although U. 8. scientists are ~roficient in applied science, there re .notable weaknesses in the ield of fundamentals, they agree.| They point out that the funda-| wental physics which went into rhe making of the atomic bomb was largely imported from Euro-| nean scientists. These scientists’ admit “that seurity is vital and should not be sopardized but they are quick to nsist that some balance must be truck between security and _the abional interests served by ‘a free exchange of scientific infor-| mation. Law Called Vague

They feel this balance is being| acrificed to a law that is vague| n spots and unduly restrictive. The visa section's reluctance to

xercise reasonable discretion in| -

‘ndividual cases is attributed to ts fear of Congress in the present atmosphere of suspicion. The benefits to American sci-| ~nce, in may instances, from the -igit of outstanding foreign scintists are being wholly over-| noked, they believe. These sci-| antists are invited, it is pointed ~ut, for short stays and not on] immigrant visas. Because of the red tape and 's»ng administrative delays in-| volved in getting American visas many pro-American, anti- Commu-| ist scientists haven't bothered | ‘n accept American invitations. They have, in some cases re-| .onted the questionnaires required f them by consular officials] broad in administering the law, | Blames M'Carran Act

The. so-called McCarran Act, in vs all-inclusive provisions; 1s ‘hiefly held responsible. In its eal to exclude possible security| risks, it has caught up many sci:ntists known to be free of any | Communist odor. An example available here is| ‘hat of a French scientist who, was been an active anti-Commu-| vist member of a French scien-| ‘ific society. He retained his] membership to help rid the so-| ‘iety of any Communist taint ac ‘ording to the evidence here. But! “ecause of his affiliation, he has] heen declared inadmissible under he act. | The visa section has been made! ~specially sensitive to foreign, cientists, of course, by the cases) of British atomic scientis "™uchs, in prison now for passing| ‘tomic secrets to the Russians, ‘nd Bruno Pontecorvo, who dis-| \ppearad behind the iron curtain. | The problem is compdéunded by he fact that a scientist may be! riven a visa only to arrive at| "lis Island and be .detained by| ne Justice Department, which is! harged with enforcement.

Lack Co-ordination

There appears to be little or no

-ordination between the two ‘epartments on the question. The

itate Department | can seldom now in advance what action ustice will take in individual

ages, except’ in the done proviso inder which the attorney general! nay grant exception ‘when the ational interests are considered wwerriding. Scientists as a rule, their Amersan colleagues contend, are wolitically naive and many have neritically subscribed to peace ‘hemes in which they believe but vhich the Communists have ap-| nropriated for their own ends.

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