Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 November 1951 — Page 14

| PAGE 14 id ~ Peace Lies Ahead— : Leading Britis

By JAMES DANIEL Scripps-Howard Staff’ Writer WASHINGTON, Nov. 1 — The British ‘are beginning to think the crisis has been passéd in Malaya. Since a state of emergency was declared in 1948, this tiny rubber and tinsproducing - colony on the "southernmost tip of Asia has been| the scene of a costly guerrilla war| between the British and their| native allies against a Communist, force recruited almost entirely from among the local Chinese. A few days ago the Com ists ambushed and killed. the tish high commissioner, in a Communist tribute to the effectiveness of measures which the British have taken to keep the supply of two of the free world's key raw materials ajvay from the Soviet bloc. At the end of World War II, the Federation: of Malaya was one of the most inviting spots in Asia for Communist intrigue. Its population, predominantly Moslem' and Malay, with large Hindu and Chinese colonies, was split into antagonistic racial compartments. ; Its high commissioner governed| nominally as the joint representa-| tives of the native rulers of the nine Malay states and the British crown. But actually, of course, he was a representative of an European colonial power.

Moreover, the Japanese occupas| -

tion of Malaya had fanned the spirit of Asia-for-the-Asians. Under the occupation some - 280,000 Chinese of the poorer classes had squatted on the rubber plantations formerly belonging to Europeans. "

Aggressiy e Element

The Chinese were the most aggressive element in Malaya. While Chiang Kai-shek governed China, there was considerable sentiment for uniting: “overseas Chinese” with the Homeland. When Mao Tse-tung superseded Chiang, the Malaya Communist party set out to exploit these ties. Any. Chi. nese who would not assist the guerrillas was apt to be shot. The first task for the British was ‘to resettle in less exposed communities the Chinese who were living in the jungle. Some _. 120,000 of them have been moved to other areas. The next was to keep the tin and rubber production going. Half of Malaya’s rubber production - comes from small holdings owned by the Malays themselves. The rest is from plantations of varying size owned by British, French, Americans and Asiatic nationals.

Converted Homes

Planters converted their homes into fortresses, recruiting their own private armies. Their wives went to market in armored cars. In spite of guerrilla terrorism— a popular Communist pastime is . to catch a native foreman and ‘burn him alive—production continued. . The third necessity for the . British was to start Malaya on

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Sanly Jee 07 ox. THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES.

the road toward self-government. munist ‘leadership of the Chinesg of the movement: say that canlt|the Malay peninsula is figured at . Previous attempts to weld the go-operating. In Malaya’s history, Pe predicted in afivages. {$17 million yearly. various racial communities to-|i (was the first real attempt to| UP to now, the British have ag spring the British had 22,-

: i-Comiy | gether all were broken against, gon a political movement prosecuted the anti-Communist 000 troops in Malaya aiding ap-

| | 1 vith {the walls of racial or religious|, ‘ational basis. Though claim-| yo in Malaya without direct. ximately 100,000 regular and

prejudice. The real Malays de-|; 0 {, be a national people's, ATerican ald. |auxiliary police, The police had spised and envied the Chinese! yyovement, the Malay Communist | Defense Expeditures {1045 casualties. Deaths among and Hindus who as elsewhere In| party is 95 per cent Chinese. It's estimated the Malay goy- Civilians had been higher, because Asia displayed the greater po-| mye indep¥ndence movement |ernmerit spends half of its rey- the guerrillas gtrike only the unlitical and economic ability, {has set its goal as freedom in sev-|enues .on “anti-bandit” activity.|Protected spots. The actual miliReceptly the “deadlock, Was en years. Whether it can be done The defense expenditure in 1949 tary force of the Communists was broken. With official 'British/in that tithe, is a question. Also was $28 million, in 1950 $80 mil- estimated at only 3000 but for blessing, a new independent uncertain is Malaya's eventual/lion, this year $52 million. The [each one of these killed the cost movement was launched, headed status, whether in or out of the added cost to the British of Was estimated at $500,400. by a Malay with the anti«Com- British commonwealth, Leaders strengthening: their garrison in| Indirectly, the .Unitéd States

”

has beeh of considerable assistance to the British campaign. Prior to the Korean war, we deliberately compromised our military © security interests by closing down our synthetic rubber plants when the World War II shortage of new tires had | been met and the natural rubber market was beginning to go to pieces. The purpose was to sup-

port the price of natural rubber. When the. present emergency ity had voluntarily gone off the buys!

—~¥—

1 arose, our government had to] engage in a furious rubber stock-| | piling program until » the, syn-| | thetic plants could be put back {in production. This led to aj { dizzying increase in- the’ sales | price of natural rubber. This | past spring our rubber stockpile] | was in such-shape that we could]

| begin to pull out of the Malaya| - | rubber market. Prices sinte have car yo

been going down. Meanwhile, Britain in the first! flush of- rubber .and tin prosper-|

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THURSDAY, NOV. 1, 1051 ~

sh Officials Believe Crisis Has Been Passed In Malaya After A Prolonged ‘Guerrilla Warfare’ a

Marshall Plan. But sfe was not able to divert enough of the profits from Malayan exports to meeting the demand for consumer ‘goods within the colony, Consequently, Malaya is having a pretty bad case of domestic inflation, . :

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