Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 August 1951 — Page 22

out of the Secretary’s office before t. Crechoslovakia will not yield

i Er or oh hy - s . THE ONLY. weapon the State Department so far has used to free Mr. Oatis is words. a i ~ Ithas been using words since Mr. Oatis was imprisoned — last April. By now it should be perfectly clear, even to Mr. Acheson, that mere words are not enough. Not even the much more understandable language used by Mr. TruCongress unanimously has urged the President and _ the State Deg to cut off trade with Czechoslovakia— a trade which gets the Czechs upward of two million American dollars a month to pour into the Russian war machine. - If Prochazks, in his rude and snappy rebuff of Mr. Acheson's lecture, means to say the loss of those dollars won't hurt the Czech Communists, he's kidding. The State Department ought to call his bluff. Prochazka, true to his Communist discipline, may have a closed mind on the Oatis case. But the American public has not. Congress has not. And it is upto the State Department to prove that to Prochazka and his comrades in Prague—by taking action, not merely lecturing churlish stooges.

» ~ ” . ’ IT IS interesting to note that, wnether by accident or design, Prochazka was kept cooling his heels a full four minutes past the time for his appointment with Mr, Acheson. But Bill Oatis, isolated from any kind of communication from even the U., 8. Ambassador in Czechoslovakia, has been in the Communist prison four months.

We Could Muff It HE TOKYO dispatch from Scripps-Howard Staff Writer Jim Lucas (on Page 1) today is a disturbing one, in the light of the Japanese Peace Treaty which is scheduled to be signed in San Francisco next week. Mr. Lucas reports that the Japans:se, even before the treaty is concluded, are talking in enthusiastic terms about the prospects of heavy trade with Red China. Prewar Japan's trade with China in 1041 reached a total of $375 million—as compared with the $200-million-a-year subsidy we are now putting up to keep Japan on her feet while she has virtually no foreign trade. The question is, how tempting will be the prospect “of full resumption of China trade for Japan as a means of ounitry’s economic recovery and independence ?

RHA A a {rd eA

AE Ss Hp 2 Ng

NEITHER. Red_Chiria nor Nationalist China will be at

under the wording of the pact, Japan may sign a subsequent treaty with whichever she chooses. - Would Japan, ‘in the circumstances, since the Communists control present China trade, be induced to sign up with the Reds, thereby in effect recognizing the Peiping regime as the legal government of China? | It is obvious that trade with Continental China is highly cssential to Japan if she is ever to get off the American dole. Though formal recognition of the Reds may not be nocessary, it would undoubtedly facilitate a freer flow of goods between the two countries. And the pressure on Japan would be tremendous. When Secretary of State Acheson was asked at his press conference Wednesday what assurance this country Fad that Japan would not sign a treaty with Red China, he said there was none. He said further that he “didn’t Jaow” what the reaction would be in this country if Japan ¢ ned such a pact. And when he was asked whether the { ate Department opposed it he impatiently invited the revorter to drop the subject because Mr. Acheson had said all he was going to say about it.

WE THINK this is entirely too offhand a way to deal with such pertinent questions as the Tokyo dispatch suggests. Certainly Mr, Acheson should know what the reaction would be in this country if the new sovereign state of Japan should choose any sort of alignment with the Communist camp. And certainly the Senate, which holds a deciding hand in final ratification, would have something to say about it. Though the Yoshida government has pledged the closest friendship and co-operation with the United States after Japan is freed and set on a course of her own, much will depend on the strength of leadership and influence this country shows in keeping Japan as a partner in the free world. We could muff that,

Despicable Snub RESIDENT TRUMAN'S spontaneous reaction in the case of Sgt. John R. Rice was heart-warming and in the American tradition. : . Sgt. Rice, a 40-months veteran in the Pacific in World War II, was killed fighting in Korea. ’ The least honor the nation could pay a soldier of such service was a respectable burial. But a Sioux City, Towa, cemetery stupidly and shamefully rejected Sgt. Rice's

was for Caucasians only—a rehensible policy in an circumstances. . ip Pony y President Truman promptly and thoroughly rectified ~ that dismal blunder when he offered the Sergeant's widow lot in Arlington National Cemetery at Washington. The p ‘8 outraged reaction, the overwhelming condemred in from all over the country and the ous” reception given the cemetery’s fitting

Fan Francifeo to sigh -the peace treaty with Japan. ~But —

body because he was an Indian. The cemetery, it seems, =

Banking and Cur might settle

Committee for a Jo Bc Li 6 outright repeal! of the

Capehart amendment, Besides calling it a “booby trap” (phrase long used by Sem. William E. Jenner (R. Ind.) to describe administration proposals in foreign relations) the President had said— “The Capehart amendment saddles consumers of America with a promissory note of higher prices payable to business on demand.”

Defends His Amendment

SEN. CAPEHART assailed the message and defended his amendment in an hour-long speech on the Senate floor. He said it wasn't so and contended that it is unconstitutional for the Chief Executive to make such reflections on the wisdom of the Senate and on the author of the amendment. At one point in the colloquy on the floor he referred to the latter as “the able senior senator from Indiana.” He charged that the President “went completely out of his way to embarrass me personally” and that he “hit below the belt” and was “playing politics.” Somewhat similar charges caused a first rate row ten days ago when Sen. Capehart got Sen. John W. Bricker (R. 0.) to join him in a ripsnorting minority report on the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Only then the chargés came from the Democratie majority on the Banking and Currency Committee and Sen. Ernest W. McFarland (D. Arig), Senate majority leader. Thay were aimed at the senior Senator from Indiana. Asking that RFC be abolished, the CapehartBricker report was so sulphurous in its 33 pages of comment on the hearings chairmaned by Sen. J. William Fulbright (D. Ark.) that it had to be toned down before the committee accepted it at all.

Quotes Copehat Record

HERE ARE some of the things Sen. Capehart, who handled the minority report, said in it about President Truman— “Throughout the period covered by the subcommittee's investigation of the RFC, Harry 8. Truman was President of the United States. During most of that period William M. Boyle Jr. gerved as chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Both are graduates of one of the most corrupt political machines in the history of any state, “They have transferred Pendergast politics to the national level. Morality in government has declined to the lowest ebb in the nation’s history. The American people are deeply ashamed and rightly disturbed. “The national committee of the President's party is an essential mechanism for any Presi-

" dent who has no scruples in using the tax- .

payers dollars to solidify his political power.’

Colleagues Were Amused". = PER Se SERA on PrestdBny Tre + ASTRAL ES AR

o fear

man, Senate colleagues were ‘slightly amused

when Sen. Capehirt-became so- offended at the:

White House message asking that the Capehart’ amendment be repealed. ' His pressing Mr. Wilson.about "the text took. considerable time of the committee. Chairman Burnet R. Maybank (D. 8. C.),. who favors the Capehart amendment, finally laid down a fiveminute rule for each member. fen. Andrew F. 8Schoeppel (R. Kan.) then expressed the view that the hearings shouldn't be cluttered up by a “lot of political claptrap.” In fact the bill to carry out the President's repeal Rroposal was introduced by three Republicans. They are Sens. Homer Ferguson (R. Mich.), Herman Welker (R. Idaho) and Richard M. Nixon (R. Cal). It is this measure upon which the hearings are being held.

FOSTER'S FOLLIES

FISHERMAN'S PARADISE, USA—A deputy game fish warden was jailed in default of a fine for fishing on Sunday without a property owner's consent,

The net of this story is not out of line, Just ask any folks who have fished. They'll tell you this warden was treated just fine, The angles were all they'd have wished.

Some wardens are fellows who seem badly cast, With rules they're entirely too firm But we've lived a while, and we're learning at last, There's sometimes a turn for the worm.

SIDE GLANCES By

‘Now that we're home from the cruise, all those Jo | oe a ec oe fant

Galbraith

PRICES . . . By Earl Richert

Cotton Boys Want U. S. Stockpile

WASHINGTON, Aug. 31—The men whe run Uncle Sam's stockpiling program aren't yielding to the cotton state lawmakers who want them to stockpile cotton to drive up cotton prices. The intent of the law, said Chairman John D. Small of the Munitions Board (the stockpiling agency), is that we should stockpile materials of strategic and critical importance — materals of the type which might make us lose or win a war depending on what we have in the stockpile. Mr. Small told a Senate subcommittee he couldn't imagine losing a war because the government did RIE not have a cotton stockpile. He said Gen. Feldman that enough cotton -. . buy cotton now was grown in this eountry to take care of the country's needs in case of alwut war and pointed out that cotton stocks’ actually increased during the all-out World War II years. He said military use of cotton was small

mittee and chief proponent of cotton

the goyernment to establish a ‘blood bank” of cotton, But Mr. Small made it clear he feared stock‘piling of cotton would establish a precedent which would cost millions of dollars.

Little Satisfaction

HE SAID the grain people, the coal people and many others would be in trying to get the government to buy and stockpile their commodities., He cited the case of a manufacturer of steel drums who wanted the government to start stockpiling steel drums when his business was slow.

Congress could order the stockpiling of cotton and vote the money for it. But Mr. Small said that under the present law it would not be proper for the Munitions Board to call cotton “strategic” and stockpile it. Lawmakers slugging for a cotton stockpile have received little satisfaction in the hearings on the subject. Agriculture Secretary Charles Brannon straddled on the issue. He said it was being given careful study but he pointed out how the eurrent cotton surplus could be handled by cotton growers merely placing their cotton under loan, thus taking it off the market, He made it plain he was not enthusiastic for the idea. He said Britain might help by stockpiling one million bales The hearings brought out that the military will use about one million bales of this year's

ARMED FORCES

WASHINGTON, Aug. 31— The real story of the supposed row between Air Force and Navy-Marine air, over tactical air support for ground troops at the Ft. Bragg, N. C., maneuvers, can now be cleared up. This row has been played up in some circles as another great rift in the unification program, Facts in the case indicate that it isn't quite the magnitude of the B-36 and supercarrier split of a couple of vears ago, although a fundamental principle of tactical air support is involved. The whole business really started last year after Gen. Mark W. Clark, commander of i Army Field Forces, had been to Korea. Air support for ground troops was of course a major argument in that theater. Marine and Navy aircraft

their system. of close air support for ground troops. Under that system, an air officer is attached to the ground units. When ground commanders

Jover-att-civitian usage. Fe had “case of all-out war’thé military: ouldn't-hé able: to get the cotton-it-naeded... CE_Sen John Stennis (D. Miss) “vhairman of 3 > the sube " stockpiling, repeatedly referred to the “heed for,

expected huge crop of 17.2 million bales. And it was revealed that negotiations are under way on new military orders which will keep some cotton textile mills operating until late December. The textile industry has been in a slump. Included in this year's military purchases will be a $300 million reserve of cotton duck and webbing. . Maj, Gen. Herman Feldman, Army quartermaster, testified he thought this was the time, pricewise, for the government to be buying cotton goods. He said the price of cotton likely would go up after the military appropriations bill passed. With the huge cotton crop now beginning to come to market cotton prices have dropped about 11 cents a pound from last spring's high of 45 cents. : Mr. Small told Sen. Lester Hunt (D.) of wool-growing Wyoming that the Munitions Board was not stockpiling rayom er nylon. “I'm glad of that,” Sen. Hunt replied. The Wyoming Senator later indicated displeasure over the fact the Army now has three contracts for wool serge containing 15 per cent nylon and rayon.

Vesanssasane

eS me A Td amen RR IN SY WR SE

“Ido not agrees with

Hoosier Foru

mean

"MR. EDITOR:

No soldier ever got anything out of war,

unless you count those who got free artificial Hmbs, mental or other hospital eare . . . perhape for life .. . or a bronze casket and funeral with salutes that one does not hear and wreaths that one does not see. Of course, there are profits made by many individuals and groups when a good, hot war is going on. When these profits get to be bigger than the politicians want them to be they are ealled excess profits and are taken away from

those who make them by taxing them - high enough to make the theft worth while to those who.live off taxes It is much easier to have huge tax levies if a nation can be kept in a state of jitters by filling the papers with tales of riots in Tim-buck-to, or about some ignoramus whe wants a throne, having been killed in a drunken fight with his girl's husband, or how many thousand A bombs are piled up behind old Joe's palace. Before Winnie and Frankie could get Congress to pass the draft act for War II they had to get someone to drop a bomb on Westminister, to rattle the bric-a-brac and the bones of the old scoundrels buried there. Now people are frightened into sitting on draft boards and working in uniforms and munitions factories by telling them that Joe is on his way

. . . By Peter Edson

Air Support Battl

Allied-Iron Curtain trade has

a at te aa tet

a word that you say, but | will defend to the d TTT TI TT IT I ET HII ITI Ta Ty

_with a bomb that will tear ‘the earth into:

or”

- . | i soi ™ oF to Destroy 4 \ Mutual Security Program WASHINGTON, Aug. 31—The problem of

not been changed, much less solved, by passage of the Battle Bil It remains a strain on Allied Felations and a domestic political issue in the United States. Unless Washington obtains tighter Allied restrictions on shipments to Russia and the satellite states, the issue can grow until it wrecks the mutual security program. If the situation is allowed to drive it is only a question of time until American public opinion will force Congress to ban, without discretion, all American ald to any country exporting to Red countriés anything which may be used in manufacturing war materials—and that covers almost everything. Rather than submit to such a drastic embargo our major Allies would sacrifice American aid, and no adequate West European rearmament would be possible. : There is a temptation for the administration and the Allied governments to misunderstand the Senate defeat of the Kem amendment, which would have made a sweeping ban mandatory. The Kem type legislation will be introduced again and again, and its defeat will dapend on the East-West trade record in the interim.

Several Problems

PARTISAN propaganda on both sides is not the only reason for general confusion. The issue is vastly complicated and contradictory because actually it is not one problem but several, and because solutions vary from country to country and from one period to another. _ In theory there is no argument about shut. ting off strategic or war-usable experts from Allied countries to Red countries. The disagreement begins when you define strategic materials and enforce the ban. There is a case like Austria, which the United States is keeping alive by subsidies. It is impossible to step Russia from getting war materials there, because the most important part of the country is under Soviet military occupation and the majority of industries and materials under Soviet control. The eountry as an economic unit cannot exist without a constant and fairly complete trade flow back and forth between its interdependent parts, Abuses are hard to prevent.

Not Enough Ships

THEN THERE is the bulk of West European exports to Red countries in exchange for Eastern grain, meat, timber and coal. These essentials must come from Red countries or from America. Even if we had enough to spare, and there was no dollar exchange problem, there are not enough ships available. It is agreed that the Allies should not export weapons to Red countries; but what about “machinery” and “chemicals,” two of the biggest export items? When are machine tools, or rubber or oil war materials, and when are they. not? About 10 per cent of the American embargo list items are not banned by other Allies. That is the point at which tighter Allied control is needed, and stricter enforcement,

GOING BACK

BACK when I was in the Army . ., . just a few short years ago . . . all my days were filled with training . . . so that I could meet the foe ., . mest all nights were spent in writing ... to the dear ones left at home , . . telling tales of how I missed them . feared to roam . . . there was guard duty and details . . . and a thing called “K.P.” . . . that had strange and mystie powers , . . when, it eame to ealling me , , . but with all te. h=zartaches rendered . . . still I had a lot of* fun . , , that still lingers in my memory . . with the friendships that I won. arti ~By Ben Burroug hs. |

~‘War Profit’

shreds, Where Joe and the other pets of the ecommon herd will hide has not been revealed. They might tax us for a trelly to the moon for rulers only. No profit in that kind of war, eh, boys? : —Stan Moore, 2858 N. Illinois St.

‘County Poor Farms’ MR. EDITOR: I hear it is a practice at our county poor farms to board aged people for a small sum. each month, These people have money and sev-' eral “pieces of rental property, They have an appointed guardian—a near relative. Why should I and other thrifty minded people pay to support a county home guilty of such, foolishness? The amount received of such persons could not rightly pay room, board, and insure medical care. Why such a fee? Where is our supposed to be intelligent leadership? —Josephine Buck, Westfield; Ind.

What Others Say—

WE must not weaken the foundation upon which our educational structure rests. Are wa not putting too much money into buildings and not enough into people? People, not buildings, should come first.—Dr, Arthur 8. Flemming, president, Ohio Wesleyan U.

e Not Too Serious

..and of how I"

I hey A Ff ] =

from the carriers were using .

get, and in they come to give

it the business. 5 o ”

THIS SYSTEM is based on “the Navy principle of giving “the customer” what he wants. It works, and the customers in Korea liked it.

Air Force tactical command works on a different plan. Instead of attaching air units directly to ground units and thus putting the planes- yir-

tually under ground treops’

command, the Air Force retains control of all tactical planes on a front, Requests for air support all go to tactical air headquarters

which then assigns planes to

various missions, in order of what the tactical air com.mander considers proper priority . There is soynd reason for .this system In Africa, during the early days of World War II, one tactical air group was assigned to each ground division for close support. Germans concenfrated their air strength on ‘one objective and

of the sky, ; . » ”

FROM the battle of Kassa-

Be - rine Pass on, therefore. the Air fall hE

tical air

trated for offensive strikes in support of ground troops, or to meet enemy offensive concentrations. This system worked better and it was followed throughout the war. It is still Air Force doctrine. Gen. Clark, however, after his Korean visit, wanted the two systems tried out and eompared. The big maneuver now known as “Exercise Southern Pines” was even then being planned for this summer. Shortly after Adm. William M. Fechteler became comman-der-in-chief of ,the Atlantic Fleet, with headquarters at Norfolk, Va. he paid a courtesy call on Gen. Clark at his Ft. Monroe headquarters, across Hampton Roads.

. ” - GEN. CLARK outlined his plan. He wanted Navy air to take part in the maneuvers and do its stuff for one phase of the maneuvers. Then Air Force would show its system. Ground troop commanders would then .be the judge of which system was best. This exercise was tremendously rtant because the two infantry divisions in this , the 28th and the

tion for joint service maneuvers and went back to his headquarters to put his staff to work on plans. Then things began to happen. ” ” ” “EXERCISE Southern Pines” had been originally planned for June. It was posts pened to August. That hap+ pened to come right at a time when the Atlantic Fleet was sending new carrier groups to the Mediterranean, to relieve ships now in those waters, The overlap wouldn't give the Atlantie Fleet much strength for the maneuvers : But such Navy alr stren as was availab® was order to the ¥t. Bragg area. Here it ran Into & new obstacle Lieut. Gen. John K. Cannon, commander of the Tactical Air Foree and alr commander of the maneuvers, informed the Navy that its planes eoul come into the area and part in the war games, that they would have to be uné der Air Force command. 1 It made sense ‘that

70,00(

By Uni EL SEGUNDO The pilot who } and faster than history said to busy with his | he got only a b world 144 miles “I got only a said Douglas Air pilot, Bill Bridge: a sight.” He said he cou ture of the eart distinguish objec The Navy ann that Mr. Bridge the 16-year-old 72,394 feet set b) balloon when he powered Dougla search plane to a titude over Edv Base at Muroc,

Speed a §

It was repo: however, that plane topped the by at least 5000 also kept the secret. The Skyrocket altitude record f craft of 59.445 # ish test pilot Je in a Vampira jet Mr. Bridgem: mark on an ear Skyrocket when “unprecedented” lv reported to miles per hour, about 70,000 feet. The Skyrocke from the bomb fortress at 35,000 tude record test.

‘Get a Li

Mr. Bridgem: plane’s. four ro tilted its nose He blasted thr barrier (662 n within 10 secon: “There's very going through ti he said today, “1 the way back bump.” Mr. Rridgema “too busy: to tell on around the worked feveris ghip’s tiny press streaked past marker on his A white rir

trailed out behi into the tem

ft ripped where

sig AE avon