Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 May 1951 — Page 27
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FRIDAY, MAY 4, 1951 .
‘Highlights Of MacArthur
(Continued from Page 23)
that- exist, I regard them as very 't Put as high as (number deleted) to attack him.
fine, indeed
In certain of their efforts, such of their Fifth and Seventh Fleets, not going to, attack, that he is as the exploitive pursuit they are Which are out there.
unequaled. They can go further
planes,
My own belief is that they could Atmosphere, that he is acquiring on less than any troop: I have ihitially-launch, perhaps, (number 2nd expanding as rapidly as he ever commanded. As all troops deleted) planes. Of those
have, they have many excellent the maj
points and points.
they have some weak fighters, the nrajority are jets, basic policy, I do not believe that : and are excellent,
Other Nations Send Only Token Forces
General, to what had been accom-
plished in handling troops of dif- Maintain an air effort in an all-| ferent nations, of various tongues./0ut war out there is, of course . Do you think that ghe experience SPeculative,
greatly from a lack of ‘mainte-| nance facilities, gasoline, petrol-| Sen, Russell — You referred, Um supplies, and other things. |
we have had there might stand
us jm good stead in the event of NOt be too long. I believe that : ras dRRIL- @EQTEE world deteriorute ohn) Gen. MacArthur—I would doubt from the beginning of hostilities. @nY opinion as to whether their
conc Bl ANS SOUL IWRL ergy Bost iratuion om
it very much, Senator. The forces! of all of the nations except the South Koreans and ours are token forces at best. Sen. Russell—I have been concerned about our training of our commissioned personnel, particularly, in the different languages to enable us to have a co-ordi-| nated force in the event, which God forbid, it is necessary to as-| semble one to resist communism. What was the estimate of the Chinese air strength at the time that s
you left the theater, the be
The
ow lo
She counted
words deleted) but they are scat- that they have any hard and fast sent to me for, my tered; their use, their logistical plans in either direction, but are
position
any immediate preparation for ON® Or the other area more pro. recommendation of
assault. The poured
into Korea,
slightes
the Soviet to take advantage as
far as
§t es- bear out my estimate.
imate that our intelligence” had, Sen.
been able to gather of the strength stated in your address to the Con. c0Mmmand, of air that was available to thegress that Russia would not neces- Standpoint, represents a high de-| Chinese Communists—whether it sarily mesh their actions to ours. 8ree of efficiency. I do not believe was planes operated by Chinese Could that be construed as a that they would put themselves cuss it with them on subsequent
Communists or others?
varied.
statement of your belief, that they ito any straight-jacket of in- visits to your command? Gen. MacArthur—The estimates would not mesh their actions with €lasticity, any program of A-B-C, They varied as _.low as,ours”
300 planes and as high as 800!
planes. I saw one estimate thatRussia Has Only
went up to above a thousand. The’ actual strength is conjectural, Sen. Russell—Have they vet attacked our ground forces in Korea, the Chinese?
Chinese Air Power
Has Not
Gen.
Hurt Us
MacArthur— Not
in any
ible. Gen. MacArthur—Everything I Gen. MacArthur read a docu- thelr recommendations? the reconnaissance that say, Senator, of cours®, is. on my ment which he said was “the Gen. MacArthur — Nothing. I pases be attacked? own personal authority, and rep- recommendation, the study” of have no knowledge of what hap-. Gen. MacArthur—Not that I area of combat. resents nothing but my own views, the Joint Chiefs of Staff on Jan. pened to this study after it know of, Senator; the only order That {My own belief is that the Soviet'12, urging that the wraps be reached the Secretary of Defense.'I had was not to attack. been given to me. has two great choices—thiz per- taken off the use of Chaing Sen. Russell-Were you ever ad- (About 300 words deleted)
‘haps over - simplifies, but it will Kai-shek's Nationalist troops on vised by any of the Joint Chiefs illustrate my thought.
serious way. There has been an, occasional, sporadic strike of one or two planes, but nothing of any serious -nature whatsoever.
Sen. Russell—I wa
General, in
Japanese people in your address to attack. to the Congress. You stated about! the hazard of removing all of] the troops that we had, garrison] troops, from Japan to the field
or other, is going to attack . . 3s impressed, - The second choice is the reverse
Two Great Choices
Those two great choiceg are: recommendation but
\ 3 - on af
4
\ =
., ___ THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES
proceeding along—
States government?! including the naval planes If he has determined that he is Doesn't Know Who
doing" well enough in the present Exercised the Veto
Gen. MacArthur — A decision
Dlanes [can digest it; and that he is not putting this into effect never ever. I think the very
{ arrived. . ority are fighters. Of those 80ing to attack, and that is his Sen. Russell—Did you get any érnment would run the anything that happens in Korea,| lor Asia, for that matter, would! . : {affect his basic decision. ges, Mar buy NOE. If he has determined that he is, “"™ ai hx i going to use force, sooner oriaper nat hadhened to-those-recom {what occurs in Korea, or in Asia, : > might effect his timetable.
into effect?
Soviet probably suffers was a perfectly logical
ng she would be able to
| I believe that he will make his not.
' decisions on a higher basis than
in Asia at the present. time.
statement? | Gen. MacArthur—A copy was recall your address, in information Points you
has over there now in Strategy is to move’ in Asia, or planes, of course, (several Europe, first; or, do you think!
only.
. y awaiting events that might make gives no indication of g 8 Joint churia.
veto
the
pitious? {Chiefs, it encountered a
very fact that when 1 1 all our troops from Japan Soviet Command
and there was nols Highly Efficient
t evidence on the part of
the Commander -1in - Chief, President of the United States? Gen, MacArthur—I would assume so, sir. Sen. Russell—Did
{an attack on bases? |
Gen. MacArthur—I would say Gen.
Japan was concerned of that it would” be highly speculaituation, would tend to tive to attempt to guess; that it’ would be quite ridiculous. I believe that the Soviet high from the military
the Joint
Russell — General, you or informally as to what hap-
Gen. MacArthur—No, sir. Sen. Russell—You did not dis-
Gen. MacArthur — I discussed,
‘MacArthur Suggests Russell Take a Look:
know théy should exercise the authority. Gen. MacArthur suggested that Sen. Russell take “three or four gan Gen. MacArthur—No, sir, I do days off and visit Kore."
had reconnaissance . jand then later on you referred to Sen. Russell—So if that was a attacking these bases in Man-
Did.you-understand the order of ‘somewhere along the line, either the Joint Chiefs or the proposal
from the Secretary of Defense or of the Joint Chiefs, I might say, the to relate ro reconnaissance or to
MacArthur — This paper,
they had, that I just read from? Sen. Russell—Yes, sir,
Chiefs ever advise you formally General Reads From pened to their recommendations? Reconnaissance Order
‘areas and of Manchuria.”
's Testimony, O
[area of Korea. | (About 750 words deleted.) Sen. Russell—General, did your were based upon the assumption not understand about it,
that there. would be no interven-| ’ Gen. MacArthur— None whatso. knowledge. of the fact that the tion by a considerable number oz/Couldn’t Bomb Foe
intelligence have any previous
agreement Chinese were crossing the “boun
thing that
As 1 your four
-— We" had {knowledge that the Chinese Com- . Sen. Russell—There has been nists had collected large forces Sen. Russell—-They were sub- considerable--1 won't say consid- gong the Yalu River. My own \ mitted to you as « recommenda- erable—but there has been somelyeconnaissance, you understand, My own opinion is that it would the incidents which are occuring i, of the Joint, Chiefs depend- confusion about some parts of y.q limited entirely to Korea; but Bio tanline Ue yids 5 ‘ent upon the approval of the Sec- Tour adqrecs (moral, hone Of the general information which, Sere -Russell-Would-you-have retary or DeTese oT the “Con: them you referredto=ry FT Was av pie Ary is that e fair sance over China and in the other ant indicated large ac-|Practically destroyed them. We ve realized that the Chinese wers
to bombing in Manchuria. cumulations of troops.
a last De pisposed His Troops To Fight N. Koreans
was that the United ‘States gov- daries in any considerable force, campaign prior to the attack, and our re-
instructions it was not to be put 8 they had the great mass of|versals in North Kore [responsibility and the forces, It [cember?
His Intelligence Limited to Korea
MacArthur
ET a
e. from China and
K'd By U.S. Ce The estimates of the air strength| He knows, just as well as you and you of course-awaited a de- military plans that were formi- plicitly I was prohibited from broader basis upon which to make military part of if but it does
within the physical limitations in the Far East vary. I have seen and I know, that we are not going cision -from that source before lated in.. behalf -of -the- United bombing any “place beyond the those concepts.
not seem to me that we would
| © Sen. Russell—So, the disposition have bombed them before they ‘of the forces in the field, then, came in. That is the thing I did
-'Chinese?
Gen. MacArthur—No, sir. You "are not correct in that statement.
Across Yalu River =: Gen. MacArthur—If I had been permitted to bomb them before they crossed the Yalu, Senator, they would never have crossed. Sen. Russell—-I see. Of course;
Sen. Russell—I asked a ques-|l can see the handicap you wers “tion: I did not make a statement.|Under in wot bombing them be«
to defeat them. That enemy was the North Koredn- group; -and-our-forees-h
fore they crossed; but it would
Gen. MacArthur—The disposi- . {tion of the forces was made upon have been— the basis of the enemy that of fact—
existed, and the orders that I Bad) Sen. ; Russell— (continuing) —A
Gen. MacArthur—As a matter
¥
rather dangerous thing to bomb
them before the ad Ge: MacAFhURAS S008
lwould have completely destroyed ving across the Yalu in force
them, if the Chinese had not in-, 0 § "hational—as
The Red Chinese, at that time. (apyaned.
were putting out,
Now, we,
ourselves,
on
almost daily,
“My mission was to clear out all| North Korean, About the middle of September jiperalize it. our Secretary of State announced, The number of troops I had that he thought there was little wag limited. chance, and no logic, in Chinese
, The disposition of those troops, | intervention.
national entities, I ordered the bridges across
We were limited, as I ray, by ipa" /statements that they were not in- Hie) two conditions: {the Yalu bombed from the Ko«
tervening, that these were volunteers only.
rean side, half-way to the stream. That order was countermanded to urity it and t0 from Washington, and it was only {when 1 protested violently that I {was allowed to continue my original directive.
Sen. Russell-Well, are the
: in my opinion, could not have forces in Korea at the present In November, our Central Intel- been improved upon, had I Known |¢imae’ permitted to bomb Erte of
The difficulty that arose was
ligence Agency here, had said that the Chinese were going to attack. they felt there was little chance of Zoj% the bridge from the center of
any major intervention on the ,.t the disposition of the troops, {part of the Chinese forces.
the river to North Korea? Gen. MacArthur—When I left
'but the overwhelming number of they were; yes, sir; and I was
or June, July or August, ‘which every time any of them ever came difference between reconnaissance from 40,000 to 60,000 men might eg¢
would determine it. out there,
I believe that, like all good subjects. commanders, they would be flex- Sen. Russell-—And they did not
never
. were to be put into effect. Sen.
vour tribute to the of that: Whether ‘he is not going nished to you as a recommenda- were taken to get the approval of in Korea?
in Korea. If Russia had seen fit] to have moved at that time, I assume that they could have captured Japan, could they not? Gen. MacArthur—I would doubt it very seriously, Senator. I don’t believe that Japan could have been taken except by an amphibfous effort. And as long as we held control of the sea and of the air over that sea, I would doubt that the Soviet would have been ahle to overrun Japan in any coup de main. Sen. Russell—Well, it is always difficult for us to have any real estimate of Russian strength in
that area.
Some sources contend’
that it is very substantial; they have great air-borne armies that
they can transport. by.-.air-frem-place to place as well as considerable air strength. What did your
" Intelligence reveal as to that?
Gen. MacArthur—I will give you my estimate, if you permit me. Sen. Russell—Yes.
Soviet Forces Held To Be Defensive
Gen. MacArthur—The Soviet in the Far East deploys possibly be-. tween (about 10 words deleted) of armed men in the various three services. He is dependent for their support almast entirely from Eu-'
ropean Rus
sia.
This side of the Bicol Region,
there is
no
industrial
setup of
major proportion, so that all of
the munition equipment,
all the
strategic war weapons, all of the
substenance
that goes
in such
major quantity to support armed forces, must pass over that railway line which runs from European Russia across Siberia. is strained to the very utmost now to maintain on! a normal peace basis the forces; which the Soviet maintains in S8i-
That line
beria.
I do not believe that it would
be within
the capacity
of the
Soviet to mass any great addi-
tional incr
ement of
force to
launch any predatory attack from!
the Asiatic
continent.
I believe that the dispositions of the Soviet forces are largely,
defensive.
I believe
that
the
Soviet has so often repeated the incorrect statement that we are! planning to attack him, that he has finally begun to believe him-|
self.
I believe that the weakness of | Red China, a weakness which is! very noticeable in the air and on the sea, is a corollary of the inability of the Soviet logistical system to send out those munitions to assist its ally.
Russia Could Not
Command the Sea
That she could get the command of the sea in the face of our magnificent Navy, I would be very
doubtful stances.
Their air is not to be discounted.
of under any
circum-
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tion to the Secretary of Defense the United Nations of any of the
I discussed afl these and attack. is there not? Gen. MacArthur—Yes, sir.
be down there. Now, you must understand that
them back. . That opinion is shared. not only you correctly, General, when you Sen. Russell—Did the Joint the intelligence that a nation is phy every air officer I have com-|said that had you known the Red tell you what had happened to Chiefs ever suggest in addition to 80ing to launch war, is not an mented to. but by Gen. Strate- Chinese were coming in great these intelligence that is available to a'meyer, and Gen. O'Donnell, who force, that you would have had
the ohemy forces, and the extraordi-|hombin m. Gen. MacArthur—It says: “Re- front, realized that the North Ko- nary jimitations that were placed ger, tars original on move now restrictions on air re-;rean forces were being stiffened, upon me in the use of my air. connaissance of China ‘coastal and our intelligence, made just before Gen. Walker launched his|aj
to me, directed me to confine the
Had I been permitted to use my hombing along the Yalu River
r, when those Chinese forces to five miles within North Korea. Sen. Russell—There is quite a attacks. indicated they thought cameyin there, I haven't the faint-|, , | That was changed, as I say,
oubt we would have thrown | when, on my recommendation—
-| Sem. Russell—Did I understand
commander, limited to a small'had my bombers, and everybody exactly the same disposition of
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intelligence should have
else Thousands . ‘thousands of troops were per- Chinese Plans The agencies that the control- mitted to concentrate on the Yalu . Sen. Russell—Did you construe ling powers had, which received [at that time, only’ two nights’ Formosa. He said he indorsed the or through official or unofficial your original orders to prohibit reports from all over the world, march down to the front lines. | re- communication or by the Com- you from retaliating against So- from all the nations of the world, { First, whether he, at some time ceived any instructions that they mander-in-Chief on the occasion viet air forces or the Soviets in which had it—the British secret those Chinese troops moved down tremendous force—or he struck lof your meeting with him at'any manner favorable to vou in service had every secret service after we had started our recon-|Us, and we withdrew. ; The concept that our forces
Russell—But it was fur- Wake Island, of any steps that the event the Soviets intervened of any of the Allies at his dis- naissance in force, north. |posal, which were not at mine, { Gen. MacArthur — Most ex- gave a much wider and a much not know anything about the! Continued on Page 28—Col. 1
Sen. Russell—Of course, I do!
troops that you did have? and hundreds of!
Gen. MacArthur — When we
Probably the great mass of moved forward we struck him in
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