Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 14 April 1951 — Page 10

| The Indianapolis Times

A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER {ev

ROY W. HOWARD --. WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MAN2 President Editor Business Manager

PAGE 10 :- Saturday, Apr. 14, 1951

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Telephone RI ley 5851 Give Light end the People Will Fina Ther Own Woy

LSCRIPRS ~ NOWARD |

Only Lip Service THE military manpower bill passed by the House yesterday, 372 to 44, is not much more than a three-year extension of a_ slightly stiffer draft law. : It lowers the draft age from 19 to 181% and it raises the period of service from 21 to 26 months. But after two weeks of kicking it around, compromising and backing away on the vital issue of universal military training; the House gave little more than lip service to the bare principle of the program. It merely sets up another commission to “study” UMT all over again and make recommendations which Congress would take up as a new law. In other words, under the House measure, UMT

becomes a standby program for remote consideration. . ‘a 8 ’ 8 =

THIS IS a grave, short-sighted neglect and inexcusable ‘evasion of responsibility for preparing the nation for the long pull ahead. Evidently the politically minded legislators would prefer to meet one crisis after another as they arise instead of setting up a permanent safeguard against the terrible threats we face for the indefinite future. The bill now goes to conference with the Senate which has passed a combined draft and UMT bill more nearly along the lines desired by the Defense Department and supported by leading educators, civic groups and the public —according to popular polls, But it is doubtful if much can be salvaged for UMT. The muddlers and compromisers have all but knocked it in the head—to their discredit and to the peril of the country.

Eugene C. Miller THE PRACTICE of law can be a spectacular occupation... or it can be a warm and human experience... filled with rich understanding and love of people. The lawyer who can suppress his desires for fame and fortune ...who can unsparingly devote himself to the human principles of law, can make his mark beside that of Eugene C. Miller. 5 Mr. Miller practiced law in Indianapolis for 39 years and was still active at the time of his death. In his death, Indianapolis not only lost an outstanding lawyer, but a real friend. Devotion to his nation and people did not end at the courtroom door. It extended into the field of battle during World War I and was a constant factor in civic and cultural affairs. Those who knew him, knew also that he was as much philosopher and wit as lawyer. Eugene C. Miller looked upon himself as a common man and through that philosophy became a most uncommon man. There are many who will always remember him... with deep respect and warm affection. :

Tobey in Wonderland JELOPMENTS in the Reconstruction Finance Corp. " affair keep getting, as Alice remarked of events in her own wonderland, “curiouser and curiouser.” Now Sen. Tobey (R. N. H.) reveals that he used a device to record two telephone conversations with President Truman. The device was not equipped—as federal regulations say all such devices must be—with a “beeper” to warn the party on the other end of the line that his words are being recorded. : As followers of the Kefauver Committee's crime investigation know, Sen. Tobey can work up a heavy head of righteous indignation against doers of wrong. Mr. Truman also has talents along that line. According to a spokesman,

he regards what Sen. Tobey did with that recording device

as “outrageous.” And many a citizen will agree. But be that as it may, what the Senator says the President said in the two conversations has become a

matter of public concern. = M =» s " =

IN THE first, according to Sen. Tobey, Mr. Truman spoke of good information that many Congressmen took fees for helping applicants get RFC loans; in the second, more than a month later, Mr. Truman said he had no such evidence. One thing sure: At about the time of the first conversation, Mr. Truman obtained from RFC files copies of more than 700 letters from members of Congress. He has never made their contents public. Neither has the Fulbright Committee, which is investigating the big lending agency. But the public certainly has a right to know whether

“Congressmen exerted improper influence on the RFC.

Another thing: Former Montana Sen. Burt Wheeler says that David Niles, one of the President’s administrative assistants, urged him to ask Sen. Tobey to “go easy” on Donald S. Dawson, another of the President's administrative adsistants, whose name has cropped up repeatedly in the RFC investigation. The public has a right to know what Mr. Niles was trying to shush. And why.

They Know Their Stuff :

T IS interesting that the State Department saw fit to inform the Indian Embassy in Washington of Gen. MacArthur's dismissal a full hour before the news was released to the American public. v Mme. Pandit, India’s ambassador to this country, disclosed that—not without a note of pride. She told a radio interviewer that “the news was conveyed to me at midnight.” Americans. could wait. The anti-MacArthur State Department knew, of course, that Socialist Prime Minister Nehru's India would be delighted with the advance tip. Nehru's country has been consistently on the side of Red China whose, forces are fighting the MacArthur-led American troops in Korea. India looks upon Gen. MacArthur as “the bogeyman of Western imperialism.” And only the other day Nehru, out of his vast knowledge of such matters, said it was a mistake to let military commanders make policy statements. Meaning Gen. MacArthur ought to be kicked out. We wonder whether the busy little beavers of the State Department were equally prompt in phoning the Free China Embassy. It's doubtful. There wouldn't be any chance of mutual congratulations in that quarter.

WHEN DOUG COMES MARCHING HOME . . . By Charles Lucey

‘MacArthur Issue—A Bomb In

WASHINGTON, Apr. 14—Gen. Douglas MacArthur's appearance before Congress promises to be one of the most tense, perhaps even explosive meetings ever seen on Capitol Hill. He is scheduled to return to this country next week. Democrats and Republicans agreed on the particular kind of meeting to be held. The GOP wanted a full-dress appearance by the general, such as Gen. Dwight Eisenhower’s recent appearance to report on Western Europe, and to be held in the House Chamber. Fresumably there will be no (question-and-an-swer period ‘following such a

Ba MacArthur speech. v But some Democrats, inMacAvibur ps Cluding Sen. Robert Kerr (D. a few questions 1. ), who has led the

Democratic attack on Gen. MacArthur, wanted a give-and-take session in which they could potshot the general with questions. They particu-

larly wanted to ask Gen. MacArthur about the costly Korean campaign of last winter in which’

United Nations forces tried to drive to the Yalu River, about his “home for Christmas” statement to the troops, about his part in the bonus army fiasco here in Washington during the Hoover administration. The Democrats bowed to Republican demand.

JAPAN . ..By Oland D. Russell Ridgway Faces Fears of Asia

WASHINGTON, April 14—Observers here familiar with the Far East are seriously disturbed by one aspect of Gen. Douglas MacArthur's dismissal that so far has got scant attention. 2 It is the fact that, in the eyes of 80 million Japanese and many other Orientals not yet behind the Iron Curtain, he will be irreplaceable as the symbol and outstanding proponent of resistance to Red aggression. The able Lt. Gen. Matthew Ridgway in time may meet the expectations of -his sup-

mander, administrator and occupation chief. But he can scarcely hope to reach the eminence of Gen. MacArthur or his incomparable influence 3 and hold on popular imagina- «+. faces Asia ion of the Japanese and other free Orientals. To Gen. MacArthur, communism has long been the biggest threat to the post-war world, and he has been convinced that there is no mission more important than meeting this challenge—in Asia. This has been the underlying precept of his occupation policies as he sought to turn Japan into a democratic nation which of its own accord would resist communism. A psychological trait of the Japanese themselves is responsible for his unique, almost miraculous sway over the people dating from the very moment of his arrival in Japan in 1945. Feudalism is still a recent thing in Japan and exerts a strong influence on the people. In feudal times the Japanese were mostly divided into clans. In their centuries of clan wars, when one feudal chief lost to another, the defeated clan unquestioningly transferred its allegiance to the victorious lord. It became an ingrained tradition.

Well Set Pattern

PROJECTED into modern times, it explains, in the opinion of Americans familiar with Japan, why the Japanese dacilely submitted %o the American invasion even when Japan still had a huge army under arms. Japan had lost the war and their modern clan ruler, the Emperor, acknowledged it, thereby simply transferring rule to the victor, Gen. MacArthur. And that in turn explains why the Supreme Commander has carried out the occupation for six and a half years without a single revolt or violent incident. The pattern of peaceful occupation has now been well set and it may not be disturbed. But neither Gen. Ridgway nor any other possible replacement for Gen. MacArthur will ever command the veneration and adulation that has come from the Japanese. That is why the Japanese masses were stunned and frightened by his dismissal; why Japanese newspapers came out that first day with extras carrying editorials bordered in black.

‘Worth 10 Divisions’ WHAT the Japanese fear now is that the change may mean that the United States in removing Gen. MacArthur has decided to abandon Asia completely to communism. AS long as Gen. MacArthur was there they, the Filipinos, the free Chinese on Formosa, the guerrilla forces on the China mainland, and the people of Southeast Asia, were certain that he stood assthe symbol of our determination to keep them out of Communist clutches. As one observer put it, Gen. MacArthur in himself was worth 10 divisions to the peace of mind of those in the path of spreading communism. Their disillusion will be complete if the United Nations, with U. 8. backing, enters into an early negotiated peace with the Red Chinese aggressors in Korea and then begins a fullscale withdrawal of Allied troops. Or if the weak-kneed U. S. State Department yields to British pressure for turning over Formosa to Red China. The two steps could go hand in hand, and if carried out it won't matter much who is the supreme commander in Japan. For all Asia will be lost.

Gen. Ridgway

porters as an over-all com--

Benator Kerr says Gen. MacArthur should appear before committees of Congress with all the rights of any other American citizen but with no special ones. Congressmen who recognize the General's flair for the dramatic say that a question-and-answer session, in which he was the target for extremely critical queries,

could be almost violently explosive. Capitol Hill seemed to think generally that some sort of resolution inviting the deposed Far Eastern commander to testify would be adopted,

Congress With

but Democrats were cagey in saying how strongly they intended to oppose it. House Republican Leader Joseph W. Martin who got Gen. MacArthur's agreement to appear before Congress, said Speaker Sam Rayburn had suggested a change in the wording of the GOP;sponsored resolution to provide for a joint “meeting” rather than joint “session” of the two houses. The flood of telegrams pouring in on Washington in protest against the MacArthur dismissal abated somewhat but still were reported

Unveiling Our Secret Weapon

DEMOCRATIC BALL CARRIER . . . By Earl Richert

Freshman Senator Kerr Roars Back at GOP in Truman Defense

WASHINGTON, Apr. 14—When the wave of anger over Gen. MacArthur's ouster rolled over the Senate, the man who arose to roar back for Truman & Co. was a freshman Senator with no particular responsibility for so doing—Sen. Robert 8. Kerr of Oklahoma. A multimillionaire product of rough-and-tumble oil field life, the 6-foot-3 Kerr fought back the only way an oil man knows. He came out slugging, swinging wide and hard. “He charged the Republican supporters of Gen. MacArthur with wanting an all-out war in China. He said he didn't want the Oklahoma boys in the 45th Division going into the Chinese mainland as shock troops to open up a way for Chiang Kai-shek’s army. He ripped into Gen. MacArthur personally. He said untold numbers of American boys are sleeping in unmarked graves in Korea because of “the tragic mistake” of the ‘magnificent MacArthur” who said the Chinese Communists just across the Yalu River would not intervene. He recalled Gen. MacArthur's participation in the Gen. Billy Mitchall court-martial and the fact that he led the troops to disperse the bonus marchers during the Hoover administration. He took on all challengers during the heated Senate debate. And, from the Truman & Co. standpoint, he did very well for their cause. Why should freshman Sen. Kerr grab the ball and emerge as the administration spokesman in the Senate on the most emotional issue of a generation? The answer is that Sen. Kerr saw a vacuum and rushed into it. He's been doing that all his life, and with—for him-—sensational results. While other Democratic freshman Senators

Sen. Kerr ... knows what he wants

—Estes Kefauver of Tennessee, Paul Douglas of Illinois and Lyndon Johnson of Texas—have been establishing national reputations with their invesfigations, etc., freshman Kerr has been traveling quietly, but with incredible rapidity, down the avenue of great power and intluence on the Democratic side of things in Washington. Let's see what he's done in the short time since he came to the Senate in January, 1949. First, he played a key role when Sen. Ernest McFarland was elected majority leader. Mr. McFarland was a boyhood friend. Sen. Kerr was more active than any other Senator in buttonholing votes for Lyndon Johnson of Texas as Senate majority whip. Sen. Johnson was elected. And there's the Senate Finance Committee, the Senate group which handles all tax bills. It usually takes years for a Senator to get on that group. But Kerr's made it already and last winter played a big part in shaping the excess profits tax bill. As a member of this committee, he can see to it that no change is made in the depletion allowance for oil, an all-important tax benefit for oil men. The top governing group of the 49 Senate Democrats is the seven-member Majority Policy Committee. Sen. Kerr's on it. Lyndon Johnson isn't; Paul Douglas isn't; Estes Kefauver isn't; Brien McMahon isn’t; Clinton P. Anderson isn't.

Worth $13 Million

ONE OF B8en. Kerr's Democratic colleagues says that the Oklahoma Senator has the ‘‘greatest drive for power” he has ever seen. There's a widespread saying around Washington that Sen. Kerr has two ambitions: To become President and to Wmecome the richest man in America. “I haven't the slightest ambition to be either,” says the Senator. “I haven't any more ambition to be President or Vice President than I have to-become a mother.” As for the financial side, he says if he were trying to become the richest man in America he would be out working at it and not serving in the Senate. He's in pretty good shape already, however. Conservative estimates put his wealth at about $13 milllon—all made himself. “Kerr,” said one of his colleagues, ‘is definitely a man to watch. He knows what he wants and he is able to wait patiently. And he doesn't waste any time riding up side roads.”

A Short Fuse

in large volume by some congressional offices, Only a small percentage seemed to support President Truman's side of the dispute. But Democrats are predicting this will change and that, although Mr, Truman's public standing has been near its all-time low recently, his stand.in upholding the constitutional position of the President as Commander-in-Chief will - get increasing national sympathy. They contended that the first flood of telegrams was emotional and to be expected, and that the preponderance of pro-MacArthur messages would disappear. A The great hope of the Democrats seemed to be that a way could be found for a peaceful end to the Korean War, growing out of President Truman’s announced willingness to discuss an honorable peace. If this could be done, some Democrats said, the whole MacArthur affair could be turned to the President's advantage.

Welcomes Debate?

FRIENDS of the President insisted he is con. fident that, just as he carried the country against what seemed overwhelming odds in 1948, he can now swing it his way on the Korean isgue, It is said at the White House that Mr. Truman welcomes the national debate developing out of the MacArthur dismissal because he believes his view eventually will dominate

public thinking. But Republicans, contemplating possible early attempts at negotiated peace, are beginning to protest a new ‘Munich appeasement.” A

resolution proposed by Rep. Martin and adopted

by the House GOP Policy Committee demanded

whether such appeasement meant deliverance of Formosa to Red China, participation of Red China in writing the Japanese peace treaty, and admission of Red China to United Nations. The “appeasement” attack may long outlast the immediate furore over the firing of Gen. MaoArthur,

LABOR . . . By Fred W. Perkins Truman Wants Another WSB

WASHINGTON, Apr. 14—The White House is trying to talk organized labor and manage. ment into an agreement on a new Wage Stabille zation Board. Although the furore resulting from the re moval of Gen. MacArthur has obscured temporarily the danger of greater : inflation on the home front— in which control of prices and wages is important—the problem is still there. In scores of cases labor unions are demanding rulings on whether their members will get an official go-ahead on pay raises negotiated with employers after the wage freeze of Jan. 25. Economie’ Stabilizer Eric Johnston has the authority to rule on them, but refuses to act as a oneman dictator. He wants a board representing labor, management and the public to make the rulings, The nine-member Wage Stabilization Board set up to do this job became practically defunct on Feb. 15, when the three labor members walked out in protest against a formula adopted by the management and public members, Now the effort is to get into operation a new board of probably 18 members representing the same three classes of constituents.

Mr. Johnston ..not a dictator

Once that is done the way will be cleared to

work on several other items of disagreement which caused the United Labor Policy Committee, representing nearly all of organized labor, to withdraw from active participation in the defense effort. Organized labor has agreed to assign four of its top leaders to President Truman's new national advisory board on mobilization policy, This board has 12 other members—four each for management, agriculture and the public. Its chairman is Mobilization Boss Charles E. Wilson, who has been criticized by the union spokesmen on the ground of alleged “big business” domination. This group discussed the wage board at a White House meeting Thursday. In addition to

“all 16 board members, the gathering included

Mr.. Johnston, Price Chief Michael DiSalle, Leon H. Keyserling, chairman of the President's Council of Economic Advisers, and Charles 8. Murphy, special counsel to the President.

Pressure Put to Bear WHITE HOUSE pressure for a labor-mane agement agreement on a wage board was applied in two ways: ONE: A suggestion was presented for an

all-public wage board, which neither labor nop :

management wants. : TWO: After the meeting, Presidential Secretary Joseph Short quoted Mr. Wilson to the effect that he hopes for an agreement next Tuesday from the labor-management group on the composition and authority of a new wage ‘board. The inference was that an all-public board would be established if an agreement is not reached by Tuesday. The labor and management groups compromised on an agreement that in disputes not involving money the new wage board can make findings and recommendations. The labor group wanted the wage board to have full authority over all labor-management controversies—those involving other important questions as well as wages. The management men wanted a strict limitation on the board's authority.

HOOSIER FORUM—‘MacArthur—A Master Strategist, Knows Asia’

“I do not agree with a word that you say, but | will ‘defend to the death your right to say it."

‘The Issue at Hand’ MR. EDITOR: The release last week of excerpts from a letter written by Gen. Douglas MacArthur to House Republican Leader Joseph W. Martin serves, once more, to emphasize the vast difference of opinion, regarding conduct of the Korean “police action,” that exists between the United Nations commander and the politicians here at home.

EDITOR'S NOTE: These letters were written before President Truman fired Gen. MacArthur. .

For the past fifteen years, Gen. MacArthur

has had military command assignments of the

most responsible nature in the Pacific and Far East area. I believe it would not be presumptious to suppose that he has acquired a considerable wealth of vital information concerning the part that specific areas of the Far East would play in any plan for defense of the Western Pacific area, Further, it may be presumed that Gen. MacArthur, in his role as commander of our occupation forces in Japan, had made considered and detailed evaluations of that whole area,

. Including Korea, to the end that they might,

in enemy hands, make the maintenance of his position in Japan untenable .. :. or that the loss to the enemy of certain key points in the Far East would jeopardize our whole defense strategy in that area. * * 4 o THAT MacArthur is a master strategist can hardly be denied. His record .in the Southwest and Central Pacific area during World War II > Le : :

can stand on its own merits. In the present “police action” in Korea, MacArthur's prosecution of that campaign has, on the whole, been

attended by remarkable success in spite of the very poor and shabby moral support that he has resgived from the United Nations and from our State Department. During this past winter, we were treated to the sordid spectacle of the United Nations organization at _ Lake - Success going all out in an attempt to appease "the Chinese Communists and" exhjbiting an

eagerness, bordering on cowardice, to let the Communists practically write their own terms

for peace. The most nauseating feature of that whole sorry proceeding was the fact that our Quisling-like Secretary of State and our craven State Department were willing to go along with the Attlees and Nehrus and walk out on our troops in Korea, Prior te the entry of the Chinese. Communists into the Korean War the United Nations attempted to confine the area of hostilities by neutralizing the Chinese Nationlist forces on Formosa. At that time, it was believed that this action, would lessen the chances of provoking t intervention In

ws me To

the Korean War. Now that the Communists are actife participants in the war the original reason for keeping the Nationalist forces bottled up has been removed. In addition; the alleged concentration of Russian-built aircraft in Manchuria would seem to indicate that some thought should be given to lifting the ban against air strikes on military targets in Manchuria. But what does our State Department do? Nothing, except attempt in every way possible to gag MacArthur when he dares to ask for authority to better his’ position or make it more tenable from a tactical point of view, . 4 & ONE MIGHT reasonably ask: Precisley what does the United Nations wish to accomplish in Korea? Apparently that august body has no straight-forward answer to that question. In support of that contention, witness the buckpassing that occurred a few weeks ago when the problem arose...do we or don't we cross the

38th Parallel? Attlee, Nehru and Co., could be expected to say no, naturally. Our Secretary of State? The Great Fumble had arrived at no definite conclusion. In view of past performances, it would seem likely that Gen. MacArthur can expect no encouragement from our State Department on his latest proposal. The man who, as Secretary of State, has made such gross and blundering errors in evolving the policy that has led to

the present catastrophe is not likely to reverse

his field and repudiate that policy now. . So there it is. On the one hand, Gen. MacArthur ves that, given a free rein, he

Chinese .

could prosecute the Korean War to a successful conclusion. On the other hand, the United Nations organization is beset with timidity, ine decision, and apparently has no clear-cut program for conducting the Korean War other than a wait-and-see policy. And in carry out this do-nothing policy, the Unfted Nations is receiving the best of support from our State Depart-

ment. ~—Harry E. Motsinger, City ‘Speak Up or Shut Up’ > MR. EDITOR:

It is noted that you have moved the Hoosier Forum to the front page, at least on Apr. 8, and- to the background one of your columnists named Lucas . .. of course hired because his writings follow your line on the subject matter,

Well, I don't follow your line, nor that of your Plainfield letter writer, who is ashamed to sign his name, as should be other exponents of such current Republicanism . ... the most dangerous “ism” in this country today. My, how our government's prosecution of the Korean War does get under your hide. Instead of loyally upholding the constitutional prerogatives of your President, as Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, you would pass the dictation of foreign policy over to “an underling like MacArthur. You urge this because you disagree with what is being done under constitutional processes. MacArthur ought to be fired at once for In. subordination, I'll answer your $64 question ... worth less than 64 cents. If we turn Chiang’s army loose on China, with our ships and sup-

plies, we are then and there inaugurating.

World War III. Do you want that now? If so, say so. IT not, shut up. : : ~C. P. Miller, City

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