Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 21 February 1951 — Page 30

The Indianapolis Times FAM STAND NEEDED... . by im Korean Diplomat Charges UN Caught In

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A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER

Y W. HOWARD WALTER LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ President

Business Manager

Wednesday, Feb. 21, 1951

Editor PAGE 30

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Give T40ht (nd the People Will Find Thetr Own Way

Indiana . . . and the Welfare Row

F ONE federal bureaucrat in Washington ¢an dictate to the Indiana General Assembly what laws it may pass, or not pass, state government is in rather grave danger. That is about what Oscar Ewing, federal security administrator, has undertaken to do in his breathless defense of the “keep it from the tax-payer” law now at issue. And there is an issue that far overshadows any merit or lack of merit in any welfare bill the state might consider. Mr. Ewing flatly threatens to withhold from Indiana money paid in taxes by the people of Indiana for the support of Indiana public welfare, if the state legislature enacts a law of which he does not approve. He hedges a bit by the statement that federal law ‘“requires” him to do that. That isn't what the federal law says. If he takes such action it will be on his own interpretation of a federal statute which is a bad and vicious law, but which clearly does not “require” him to do anything of the sort.

» ” » ” ~ » THAT LAW was originally just a bureaucratic regulation. In that form it was used back in the mid-thirties, by the late Harry Hopkins in an attempt to strike at the late Gov. Martin Davey of Ohio, with whom he was engaged in a noisy but purely personal political cat-fight. Mr. Hopkins éventually backed down and restored the Ohio money he had held out. At his insistence the regulation then was enacted into federal law by one of the rubber-stamp New Deal, Congresses. yt The regulation, and the statute which followed, had just one primary purpose—to give appointed federal bureaucrats power and control oves the functions of state and local government. It has never been used in any other way. That is an inevitable result of federal “aid” to local programs of any kind. The money comes, of course, from the local tax-payers. There is no other place to get it. The federal administrators then use it . . . or threaten to withhold it . . . to compel local officials to obey them. This welfare situation is about what we may expect in our public schools if a system of federal “aid” to education ever is established. : The right of this state to govern itself, rather than * details of welfare laws, is really what the fight is about in Indiana. : .

Labor and Defense

MORE THAN 60 million wage earners are now employed in the United States. "The United Labor Policy Committee represents, as it rays, 15 million of these American wage earners. The 15 million are members of the American Federation of Labor, the Congress of Industrial Organizations, the International Association of Machinists and the Railway Brotherhoods. The policy committee's members are officials of these organizations. They have formed the committee for the announced purpose of protecting labor's rights and interests in the national defense program. : Certainly the rights and interests of all the more than 60 million wage earners should have full and fair consideration +. This, the committee charges, they have not been given. Itiasserts that no government policy decision has “reflected in any way the recommendations of labor or any other group except big business.” It demands for labor a larger, more positive part in determining how the defense program shall be conducted and how the burdens shall be shared.

» rn . » » » s AND IT SEEMS to say that, unless its terms are. met, that program cannot expect labor's full support and co-operation. This threat — if it is a threat — is a serious matter. For the members of the United Labor Policy Committee have grea power. Much of their power derives from the government which for many years, in many ways, has helped them build up a membership of their unions. Much of it derives from the fact that they and their unions legally can, as no group of employers could ever, even if it dared, stop production by closing down whole basic industries. Much of their power also derives from the desire of men high in government for the political support of union leaders and the votes of union members. It is true that most top policy-making positions in the defense program are held by men from business and industry. The program is an enormous business and industrial undertaking. But it is also true that there are men in the labor movement who have great executive ability, whose experience and talents fit them to help admirably in directing the program. The question, it seems to us, is not whether such men should be brought into the program, but whether they should be brought in as representatives and officials

of organized labor. os » » ”

. » NO BUSINESSMAN or industrialist has been brought in to represent the National Association of Manufacturers, . the U. 8. Chamber of Commerce or any individual company. None, of course, should be. And any found serving a private special interest, rather than the broad public interest; should be driven out. Men from the labor movement can be brought in with good results if they are prepared to work and think for the best interests of all the American people, not merely the special interests of the 15 million wage earners represented by the United Labor Policy Committee. . Only Four to Go PROGRESS report on the proposed 22d Amendment to the U. 8. Constitution—the one providing that no future President shall be elected to more than two consecutive terms: Only four more states are now needed. Tennessee yesterday became the 32d state to ratify. The vote in the State Senate was a surprising 24 to 6. The Texas House voted, 119 to 23, to ratify, and early Senate approval is predicted. © The Washington State Senate voted, 27 to 18, to ratify. "Clearly, the American people favor the measure.

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» TRE r b

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WASHINGTON, Feb, 21—A landing on ‘the China coast by the Chinese Nationalists would “greatly ease the pressure upon Korea,” according to a top-ranking Korean diplomat. “The fighting -in- Korea thus far has been determined less by military necessity than by political indecision,” said Pyo Wook Han, first secretary. at the Korean Embassy and alternate observer to the United Nations.

“I believe the fighting in Korea would be

> vastly more favorable to our side if the political

shackles were removed, Once a definite decision is made to fight to the last—with a real determination to win-—-the whole complexion of the war will be changed.”

‘Seems to Be the Fashion’

MR. HAN'S statement was one of the sharpest by any Korean since the war started. In it, he apparently aligned himself with Gen. Douglas MacArthur in favor of using Nationalist troops either in Korea or China. The State Department on. several occasions has rejected the Nationalist offer of assistance.

“It seems to be the fashion,” Mr. Han said, “to consider the people of Asia as of very little use when they are on your side. They are belittled as illiterate masses, disorganized and with no will or power to fight, But as soon as they are under Communist control, as in China, Western opinion changes. Then they are described as fierce, fanatic and numberless. It is said that no troops—however brave or well trained—can stand against them. I suspect the truth lies between, They are neither as worthless, as allles, nor so fearful, as enemies, as propaganda has painted them.” “Red China now has been declared an

WAR EFFORT . .. By Chester Potter

Did Europe Sell Reds Too Much?

WASHINGTON, Feb, 21—Western European nations, which are getting. economic aid and military supplies from the United States, sold Russia and her satellites more than $300 million worth of strategic materials last year, 8en. Herbert O’Conor (D. Md.), revealed the extent of the trade which he said is “giving aid and comfort to our enemies” in a speech to the Senate in support of a resolution. The resolution calls upon the State Department to exhaust every effort to impress upon the “business-as-usual” nations that continuation of this policy “is not only inconsistent with every concept of Allied unity and mutual assistance, but is indefensible on moral grounds as well.” In a list accompanying the resolution, Sen. O'Conor showed that Britain exported $116 million worth of such materials and products as: Machinery, $93 million; raw rubber, $7 million; raw wool, $3,500,000; non-ferrous metals and manufactures, $2,100,000; electrical goods, and apparatus, $2,883,000; vehicles, including locomotives, ships and aircraft, $2,570,000; iron and steel manufactures, $950,000—and even $104,000 in radar, radio and transmitter equipment. .

Strategic Goods WESTERN Germany, under Allied occupation, sold strategic goods worth $43,456,000 to the Soviet bloc between January and June last year, Sen. O'Conor said. In the same period, Sweden sold the satellites and Russia $40 million. . : Between January and September, Austria, Italy, France, Belgium, Luxembourg and Netherlands did a business in excess of $100 million with the Soviet bloc. Sen. O'Conor said that the tensions of present world conditions have led to heavy expenditures by this country and the Allies for réarmament ‘to prepare for war or to main tain such strength as would discourage other nations from seeking war . . .” “Toward this end, the United States has borne by far the heaviest financial burden and for the past few years has provided not only economic aid and military supplies in huge amount to its Allies in Western Europe, but has undertaken and carried almost singlehandedly for an extended period the containment of Communist aggression in Korea,” he continued. “Such rearmament and such resistance to Red aggression is being undermined by the fact that our Allies abroad are to some extent continuing to supply the Communist eountries with materials which enable them. to keep their war machines in operation. “An illustration of Britain's policy of doing business as usual is the fact that the British government is permitting English businessmen to ship to Red China 10,000 tons of rubber valued at $9,800,000.

No Restriction “THIS rubber is now on the high seas, reportedly on two British boats, consigned to Red China. An official of the British government was quoted as declaring that his country has no intention of stopping this shipment. And it is further reported that the British government’s position was that it will not be stopped because there is no restriction by Britain on the export of rubber to any destination.” Sen. O'Conor pointed out that until December, 1950, “large amounts of strategic supplies” were shipped from the United States to Red China, but that such shipments were stopped through the efforts of the Senate committee on export cofitrols. “It is.discouraging,” he said, “that our Western European Allies have not taken as strong a position. We find that these Western European nations, to whom we are supplying military supplies and economic aid, paid for by American taxpayers, have profited by selling ‘ strategic materials to Russia and her satellites.”

SIDE GLANCES

By Galbraith

4

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. By Jim G. Lucas >

aggressor by the United Nations, meaning that Red China is at war with the United Nations,”

he continued” “Several. decisive things remain

to be done. For one thing, the seacoast of China can be blockaded. For anether, thé big industrial, communications and transportation centers gan. be bombed. No army can be effective in modern war if its source of supplies is destroyed. This is an axiom of war—but an axiom which has not yet been applied. The "Allied armies are fighting in Korea under handi-

caps never before exampled in history. These

handicaps can be removed.” Mr. Han said we should go even further. “Chinese Nationalist troops—now insulated on Formosa, thus guaranteeing security of the Communist flank—should be sent into battle,” he sald. “They are eager to fight for the restoration of their own free government. Besides the 500,000 troops which Gen. Chiang has on

yy.

»

Formosa, it is reliably reported that 1.5 million guerrillas are ready to assist him on the mainland. They whit ‘nly until his landing gives them a rallying point, a chance of success, and necessary supplies.” : tc If we give Chiang the ald we have withdrawn from him, Mr, Han said, “the probability is that the great masses of the Chinese people will rise to. welcome him and fight by his side.

‘It is highly probable that Nationalist forces

will have enough success to’create a very considerable diversion and contain and destroy a very considerable number of Communist troops. Such a move would greatly ease the pressure upon Korea." Mr. Han hit hard at our “unrealistic and

very prevalent sense of defeatism.”

“People say we cannot fight the enormous land armies of Red China and so saying yield point after point to the foe,” he said. “The Chinese people are not Communistic and are

Another Basketball Fix

. Sh YU UY RY sed

BIG BUSINESS . + « By Frederick C. Othman Trying to Tax Old Mountain Dew Has Our T-Men in a Stew

WASHINGTON, Feb. 21—In North Carolina the connoisseurs of drinking whisky turn up their sensitive noses at that dark brown, store boughten likker with labels on it. The stuff is inclined to sear their stomachs.

What they prefer is crystal-clear dew from the end of a copper coil on the top of a Carolina mountain; that is the salubrious fluid they buy in if Mason jars, to which they give the nose test appreciatively, and pour down their gullets in such a stream as to give the | Bureau of Internal Revenue a perpetual 3 headache. Or so said the boss revenuers in appearing before the House Ways and Means Committee to uphold the President’s projected boost on whisky taxes. They insisted the new taxes wouldn't make their task any harder. Not even in North Carolina. ' One of the T-men told me afterward, in fact, that a Carolina moonshiner was doing such a big business he ran out of the genuine, delicious, and illicit article. “S80 he bought standard tax-paid whisky,” my man said, “and filtered it through activated charcoal to remove the color. He then was able to sell it as real moonshine.” Probably didn't get away with it, though. Takes more than color to fool a friend of homemade highland whisky. Carroll E, Mealey, the white-haired deputy commissioner in charge of the alcohol tax unit, sald he doubted if boosting the whisky tax from, §9 to $12 a gallon would cause him any

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COPR. 1961 BY NEA SERVICE. ING. T. I. REO. U. &, PAY, OFY, "Oh, come on! You always helped him with his arithmetic— Je might not understand my algebra methods!"

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the farmers’ parity formula. The farm organization statement dramatized the conflict of interests between organized labor and agriculture, and helped show the complexity of the stabilization problem confronting government officials.

» o n THE FARM organizations are determined that no price ceilings shall be imposed on farm products below 100 per cent of parity. Since 18 &f 23 major farm commodities are still below parity, enough of a price rise can still take place to send food costs up 5 per cent before farm products generally reach 100 per cent of parity. Labor isn't disposed to ac» cept ceilings on wages when fond costs are still going up. The farm organizations have the advantage that their goal of 100 per cent of parity already is written into the law, No price ceiling can now be imposed ron a farm product selligg for less than parity.

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extra work. Bootlegging in most of the nation, except in the dry states of the South, causes him very little trouble. " His chief enforcement officer, Dwight E. Avis, said under questioning from Rep. Robert L. Doughton (D. N. C.) the head tax writer, that he had his most trouble in Alabama, Georgia, Virginia, South Carolina and North

Carolina. Last year his agents knocked over -

more than 1200 stills in the Jast state alone. Mr. Avis said one of his probems (the moonshiners may be pleased to learn this) is the age of his agents. They're growing old. “Many of the men are running away from them at the stills,” he continued. “Of course we now use Coast Guard planes to spot stills from the air, but it is very difficult to find these mountain distilleries., And there's just no

substitute for walking in before daylight and

laying in wait.”

900 Per Cent Temptation

THE statesmen were none too enthusiastic about boosting the cost of drinking whisky again. Rep. Herman P. Eberharter (D. Pa.), for instance, pointed out that it costs $9030.39 to produce a tank car full of alcohol, but the government taxes it $138,182.42. “And now you propose to raise that enormous tax a third more,” he sald. Rep. Robert W. Kean (R.N. J.) said a gallon of whisky costs 90 cents to make and it is taxed now at $9. “That is a temptation of 900 per cent for somebody to break the law and now you are proposing a 1200 per cent temptation,” he added. “I just suspect that some of these mountaineers have a tradition of making their own booze,” commented Rep. Hale. Boggs (D. La.) “and they just don’t want any Federals fooling with them.” Maybe so. But when next I am in North Carolina I hope nobody tries to palm off ‘any of that bleached, store whisky on me.

PRICES AND FOOD . . . By Earl Richert Farmers Plan to Fight Below-Parity Freeze

Political Shackles

not likely seon to be. They surrendered to Mao Tze-tung for a variety of reasons. War wearlness after 12 years of fighting was one. Hopelessness of aid from the West was another,

.And the begiiiling influence of Communist prom-

{ses was another. Now they have found those promises were les.” ma He spoke bitterly of “many nations repre-

sented In the United Nations” which delayed

Gen. MacArthur's advance across the 38th Parallel. : “Although every reason existed for pursuing and wiping out a beaten and disorganized enemy,” he said, “United Nations forces were required to wait for three weeks while Kim Ilsung’s troops were reorganized and the Chinese Reds had time to move men from Central China. Then—when the Chinese entered the war—the United Nations army was drawn back all the way to the 38th Parallel because many nations in the United Nations thought war with China could be avoided: “Perhaps I am prejudiced, but it seems to me that the arguments for ‘disengaging’ from the enemy are fallacious, How can you disengage from an enemy who feels it is an advantage to press the attack? If your troops are pulled out of Korea, will they not have to defend Japan? Would you ‘disengage’ by surrendering there? Would not the Communists march right on into Thailand, Burma, Malaya, Indonesia, India and the Philippines? Can democratic forces remain ‘disengaged’ while .those conquests take place? So long as the enemy is determined to advance, there is only a choice between simple surrender and fighting.”

Earned Red Hatred

IN. THE past, he pointed out, the West Nas urged democracy on Asia, But, he asked, “how can we feel if we find that our democratic alliance leads us to be attacked by the Commu-~ nists and when Communist pressure becomes strong our democratic allies pull out and leave us to our fate? : "Koreans, he said, "have cast our lot with democracy and freedom and, in so doing, have earned the bitter and relentless hatred of the Communists.” If there is a withdrawal, he said, “practically the entire population will be wiped out, From the Communist point of view, the Korean problem can be solved once and for all by the awful practice of genocide on a scale never before seen or imagined.”

WP —_—— " 4 “I do not agree with a word that you say, but | will defend to the death your right to say it."

Beer, TV and Kids MR. EDITOR: I see by the papers that my four boys are to be denied watching that wholesome bit of entertainment every Saturday night which comes to us on the Ken Murray show via WFBM-TV—one of the very few programs that doesn’t come aut of a can. : Seems that horrible product—beer—is advertised. My boys might be corrupted. They might get ideas. (I wonder what they think when they opeén the icebox?) According to the IHSAA, youngsters shouldn't see such things. And—horrors—such advertising should never precede a high school basketball tourney.

¥ a = WFBM-TV concurs, jerks the Ken Murray show off video for four weeks, and says its Saturday night show preceding the tourney will be announced later. Maybe they'll come up with some lulus like they displayed last Sunday afternoon. On consecutive programs I-—and the boys— watched a little drama called junior matinee. Strictly for the small fry, mind you, and no beer ads. All they did was have a bunch of guys dressed in “Man from Mars” costumes which would frighten the daylights out of you. They shot down other guys in cold blood with ray guns and then placed the “hero” in a pit with a bunch of sniveling idiots. Here, No. 3 son got so frightened he ran screaming from the room. . ® = ; THE NEXT program was aptly called mystery theater. Good stuff. The four boys got a lesson in homicide by watching some yokel bash a woman’s head in with a rock. (That's the way to educate them —Kkeep those nasty beer ads off the screen. Give 'em live, lusty stuff.) Yes, beer ads might degrade that wholesome sport of basketball of which another newspaper recently said: “Long live King basketball and all the other wholesome sports that abound in this nation.” (Wonder what they think of the current basketball scandal in the East. Probe ably will blame it on beer ads.) Let's get a TV station here that is sincere with its public and wants to present the kind of entertainment it's supposed to be in business for. Or let's get off the air altogether. —Disgusted Father, City.

‘MY DESTINY

Whatever be my destiny . . . I want you dear to know . . . that I am yours forevermore . . « as long as tides will flow . . . whatever fate may hold in store . .. my love will never wane «+. Ill be around my dearest one . .. to shelter you from rain . . . I'll stay close to your side, my dear ... to share your happiness . .. because I live for you alone . .. and for your fond caress « +» and though the world may topple dear... and stars fall from above . . . whatever be my destiny . . . you'll always have my love , . . and if perchance my destiny . . . should make us be apart . . . you'll never be alone my love + «+ for I'll be in your heart.

--By Ben Burroughs,

I

WASHINGTON, Feb. 22—The major farm organizations announced vesterday they would oppose any effort by the government to freeze farm prices below parity. The government's economic stabilizers—now trying-to entice ‘organized labor back into the fold—thereby were warned not to expect to achieve price-wage stabilization at the expense of

Mr. DiSalle “+. future trouble

A change would require action 'by Congress. ‘And the

farm organizations are sure they could block it.

» o » NO CHANGE has been formally proposed. But Price Administrator Michael V, DiSalle has indicated such a proposal might be speeches last week-end, he sald that if the experience of the next few months demonstrates that the parity concept interferes with economic stabilization, he will have no choice but to recommend its modification. Today's farm organization statement in effect warned Mr. DiSalle not to try. It seemed to leave direct subsidies as the only means open to the government whereby food prices could be held down to consumers to enable wage stabilization and yet let farmers get 100 per cent of parity, In World War II subsidies for food cost about $5 billion. But the government is now prohibited by law from using such subsidies. And the farm organizations, although not mentioning the sdbject in today's statement, are vigorously opposed to their use.

ou . J ». THE FARM groups argue

that any ‘freeze’ of farm prices = below parity would make it impossible for farmers"

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to expand production and would lead to scarcities, black markets and collapse of all inflation controls.

“Farm prices are not now high, .by any comparable standard for business or labor,” said the farm organization statement. “Had farmers in 1950 enjoyed the return of 15 per cent on capital investment reported for industry and the average hourly wage of $1.46 for labor, ‘the price of farm products would have been almost double what it was.” The farm statement said the present law does not assure the farmers a' fair price but only states that no ceiling may be established below parity. Herschel D. Newsom, master of the National Grange, took note of" current criticism of the parity formula itself. ‘Parity, he said, “is not a perfect yardstick for measuring reasonable farm prices, but it is the best method we have been able to devise.”

Today's statement was {s-

sued by the National Council of Farmer Co-operatives, the

. American Farm Bureau Fed.

eration, the National Grange, the National Farmers Union and the National Milk Producers Federation.

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