Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 September 1950 — Page 16

The Indianapolis

A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER Sor W. HOWARD President

WALTER Lac LECKRONE HENRY W. MANZ Business Manager

- PAGE 16 VE Sept. 20, 1950

SITE SEH EE HPT Sa Od ons,

Telephone RI ley 55851 ; Give LAghS and the People Will Find Ther Uwn Wop

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Civil Defense

THE report on United States civil defense which President Truman has submitted to Congress, the state governors and the mayors of major cities seems generally realistic and sound. For the first time, as it says, a a potential enemy has power to launch attacks in “strong force” atom bombs—against American cities which might have little or no warning. It recognizes that elaborate protection for every community, or absolute protection for any community, is not feasible. So it advocates the greatest possible protective efforts, and organization of a type designed to cope with emergency conditions under an designated by the government as “critical target areas.” These are large and densely populated cities, places where important industries are concentrated or vital military facilities are located, and transportation, communication, and governmental centers.

—that is, with

A-bomb attack, for communities

IN other areas, not likely to be bombed, the report urges civil defense organization primarily on the basis of readiness to give prompt and effective aid if “critical targets” are attacked. Chief emphasis is placed, properly, on the responsibility of individual citizens and of city and state governments ~ for organizing, co-ordinating and operating local civil defense systems. The federal goveriment’s responsibility, the report “asserts, is to establish a national plan and policy, provide information and training courses, furnish some of the essential material and otherwise advise and guide the states. Operation of the plan calls for “millions” of civilian volunteers. It calls also for large expenditures of money— in amounts not specified—of which the federal government would provide “a substantial part,” although states and cities are told that their share, too, will be “heavy.”

Recovery vs. Security

(GOVERNMENTS shipping arms or materials useful in arms production to. Russia or her satellites would be cut off from further American assistance under a Senate amendment to the pending defense appropriations bill. Paul G. Hoffman, director of the Marshall Plan, has asked Congress to remove the ban on the grounds that it would be disastrous to European recovery. It would either stop almost all East-West trade in Europe or end Marshall Plan aid, according to one of the ‘officials administering the program. Apparently, we are dealing here with a conflict between recovery and security.

THE Senate atendment was adopted after discovery that Britain was shipping to Russia machine tools which could be used in tank production. The suspension of these shipments was announced in London Monday, but only after the issue had aroused warm debate in Congress and the British parliament. And the suspension so far is only temporary. The language of one section of the amendment, barring aid to nations which ship any “articles which may be used in the manufacture of arms or military- material,” is so broad that it could be interpreted to include most anything from a monkey wrench to a load of coal. However, the need is obvious for better regulation than there has been of shipments to “iron curtain” countries.

IF Britain and the other beneficiaries of Marshall Plan assistance had done a better policing job on their own account this issue would not have arisen.

Even now persuasion may be more effective than coercion, as Mr. Hoffman contends. But if the East-West trade in strategic materials is as important as it is represented to be, that is all the more reason why the movement of such goods should be under strict scrutiny and regulation. America is assisting Western Europe in both recovery He and rearmament programs. When recovery funds contribute directly or indirectly to build up the war potential of the Soviet Union and its satellites, to that extent our money is working against itself. Congress would be remiss if it did not stop that.

-

,

‘Barrett M. Woodsmall |

THE deatlr of Barrett M. Woodsmali, member of a prominent Indianapolis family, has left another vacancy in the business life of Indianapolis. = As manager of the H. H. Woodsmall Agency, he was ; 8 in the insurance — curity- Council —with—a veto ‘and real estate business. His loss also will be felt keehly -in the Indiana University alumni activities of which he was a leader for many yoy.

ee

“to invite war on three widely

Gone Are the Days

Rs ar ose ber a vg 3 Svosident Batiley 3id not yise her. iT Seimpus, you old or : x

- by her recent vote in favor. of

Times NORTH ATLANTIC PACKAGE . Prospects Seen Brighter For Mighty Defense Army In Europe |

NEW YORK, Sept. 20—The Big Three and the North Atlantic Council broke up without any big deals carved in stone but with prospects believed good for early agreement on a mighty combined army-—Germans included—for Western Europe. Secretary of State Dean Acheson did not walk away from seven ys of friendly but searching negotiating with a new and bigger North Atlantic arms package all neatly wrapped

up. P But the best U, 8. information available was. that adoption of the defense plan put forward by the United States was considered “inevitable” and that it might even come at a recessed meeting of the North Atlantic Council In two weeks. _A not very revealing communique sald the proposal for the combined army to meet the threat of Communist aggression was “warmly welcomed.” The communique indicated agreement on broad principles. But it was clear that some nations involved, particularly France, were skeptical about putting guns in the hands of Germans who would be absorbed. into an over-all army. This feeling was evident even though there would be no independent German military force and top command would be non-German. In part this reluctance to go along on German participation was rooted in fear of revival of German militarism. But to a larger extent it seemed rooted in a wish to let home populations in Western Europe get familiar with the idea before being committed to it by their governments. The: U. 8. is convinced there must be German military participation if the strength of the proposed Western European army is to be

DEAR BOSS . . . By Dan Kidney

Capehart Faces New Problem

Showdown Due In Marshall Case.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 20—Dear Boss—Sen. Homer E. Capehart (R. Ind.) must divorce himself from the virulent attacks on Gen. George C. Marshall, made by his junior colleague, Sen. William E. Jenner, or face the consequences on election day. That, in short, was the ultimatum jssued by Rep. Ray Madden, dean of the Indiana Democrats in Congress. “Unless Sen. Capehart is willing to part company with Sen, Jenner on Marshall and isolationism, they are certain to be principal issues in the campaign,” Mr. Madden said. “I feel certain that in the First District and elsewhere throughout the state patriotic citizens do not want to seem to be voting approval of Sen. Jenner's dastardly attack on one of the greatest soldler-citizens of our time.” About the time that Congressman Madden was denouncing the Jenner attack on Marshall, Sen. Jenner returned to the fray with 13 questions which he asked the Senate Armed Service Committee to put to Gen. Marshall before approving him for his new post as Secretary of Defense.

»

* ADOPTION of some such plan is undeniably necessary. * Vote to Keep Meeting Open Congress, the state legislatures and the city council should give this report their earnest and early attention. But let them not forget that the best and only certain way to protect the American people from A-bombs is to save the world’s peace. Civilian defense should be an adjunct to, not a competitor of, an all-out effort to build such military strength that Communist aggressors will not dare force America to fight a third world war.

AFTER considerable debate as to whether these questions should be asked in public or in executive session, Sen. Millard E. Tydings (D. Mad.), Armed Services Committee chairman, had the committeemen vote. It was decided to keep the meeting open, 4 to 3. Then, while the kleig lights flooded the Senate caucus room and cameras with soundtracks recorded the story, Sen. Tydings put the questions to- the general, prefacing them with an apology. These questions, which were largely covered In the Hoosier Senator's anti-Marshall speech last Friday, had been prepared by his staff and were ready to sign when he arrived back by plane from a campaign speaking date at Logansport at noon yesterday. 8en, Jenner took them to the committee in person and remained while they were being asked. Once or twice Gen. Marshall glared at . him, when the question wording was particularly obnoxious. Usually he smiled, however, giving soft-voiced answers in which the committeemen laughingly concurred.

Brings Letters, Telegrams SEN. JENNER had brought to the hearing a bundle of letters and telegrams received si he made the verbal assault on Gen, Marshall Nobody asked about them, although he sat at one end of the committee table next to the arch-. New Dealer, Sen. Theodore Francis Green (D. R. I.). 80. he took them back to his office where he told reporters that they were running “20 to one” on his side of the argument. Should the Democrats make the Marshall row a campaign issue, Sen. Jenner is ready for them, he said. He doesn't think it will be the only i8sue, but expects to attack what he calls che whole stinking mess of this administraon “I talked about my case against ‘Gen. Marshall at the Logansport meeting last night and they tore the roof off with applause,” Sen. Jenner said. Among those present in Logansport were Rep. Charles A, Halleck, Rensselaer, dean of the Hoosier Republicans in Congress, and Rep. Cecil Harden, Covington, Republican National Committeewoman- from Indiana. Both voted "not to change the defense act to let Gen. Mar. shall serve,

~ INDO-CHINA . . By Ludwell Denny

Reds May Hesitate

20—Red China intervention in the ‘civil war” ‘might easily boomerang and

WASHINGTON, Sept. stepped-up Indo-China * therefore may not be attempted now.

While Washington is watching the situation closely it will be surprised if Chinese troops cross the southern border—at least

openly, Both Formosa andy Korea are believed to be of more immediate interest to Peking. Though the Red Chinese armies are large enough, only extreme pressure from Moscow

bably would induce Peking bership.

separated fronts at the same .

time. Aside from that military factor, others are expected to

make the Peking regime Stalin, could not very well hesitate. } verlook aggression against nm do-China., | Another factor ONE is its campaign for ad- opie internal en

mittance to United Nations membership.” That- is all important to Red China. United Nations recognition of its claim to Formosa probably would follow—and without the cost of conquest. And, once seated on the Se-

still others.

rather power, Peking would be in

much better position to intervene in Indo-China or elsewhere without danger of United Nations sanctions. , Peking probably cannot get a United Nations seat unless and until France switches’ sides. So far France has been with the American-led minor-" ity “blocking Peking. But France is wobbling, as shown

China Redy,

tionalists.

inviting the China Reds to testify at a United Nations investigation. If they openly invade French Indo-China now they never will get Paris support for United Nations mem-

EVEN India’s Nehru, who is closer to Mao Tse-tung in Peking than any foreigner except

Mao has found it easier—with Stalin's help—to swallow * China than to digest it. There is famine in some areas, peasant revolts in others, and Nationalist guerilla warfare in

Moreover, the Chinese are unpopular China. They will be. much so if they ‘nvade. The Indoled by Chihminh, have had considerable success in posing as native Na-

By Charles Lucey

adequate. Our idea is that if war comes it should’ be kept as far east in Europe as possible. That does not mean a Rhine defense line, which would pass over the rich Ruhr to an enemy by sheer default. It could mean the Elbe. This would mean fighting deep in Germany —and the U. 8. view is that Germans would have to help do it. The ideas embodied in the plan for a Western European army, as presented here by the U. 8, sprang basically from questions raised by the French as to how Western European defense problems are to be met. The U. 8. came back

‘Not Bad for Police

So Fa

ALL THE 00D NEWS A FROM KOREA

#1 "++" MARINES

= ADVANCING \=\ AON EVERY

~Samam——— -—

SYNDICATE SMASHED

WASHINGTON, Sept. 20—There’'s some encouraging home front battle news in the report of the successful fight of the Senate committee investigating organized crime in the U. 8. During the few months that the committee, headed by Sen, Estes Kefauver (D., Tenn.) has been in action one major crime syndicate has been smashed, 40 persons have been indicted and the stage has been set for the bagging of many more of the country’s criminal bigwigs. There's evidence that the committee's efforts have thoroughly scared many of the syndicate boys and as a result they've pulled in in thelr horns on several crime fronts. The multi-million-dollar gambling operations ’ of the 8 & G syndicate have been halted and the organization completely broken up. It operated in Miami Beach and its leaders are reported to have had connections with various other organized criminal activities all over the U. 8.

‘(The initials in the name of the organization

have no particular significance.)

Operated With Protection

ACCORDING to a committee report, the 8 & G syndicate “operated with the protection of the Miami Beach police department and of the Dade County sheriff, and apparently under cover of a complacent city council.” Those indicted in connection with the Miami probe include sheriffs and county officials, as well as known underworld characters.

Although the 8 & G syndicate was by no

means small potatoes, its destruction is not as significant in the big crime picture in the U. 8. as the information which the committee got while going after it, and the lessons learned from this first tangle with big-time operators. If you multiply what has already happened in Florida as a result of the Kefauver group's work, by what is planned for the rest of the

states where organized crime is rampant, you .

get a good idea of the job's effectiveness that can be expected. The Florida legislature has opened its own crime investigation. The governor of the state has warned all of the 67 sheriffs and 187 constables to halt all gambling within 30 days or face suspension. And the

SIDE GLANCES

in Indomore

9-20

FRONT 0

COPR. 1960 BY NEA SERVICE. ING. 7. M. REC. U. 8. PAT. OFF.

"Can't you lend me a buck, Mom? If | ask Dad it'll get Wim all

its “package” deal—a generous but cona 1 offer of U. 8. peacetime military participation in Europe. It was said originally this offer was made on an all-or-nothing basis. But now U. 8. sources say it was not put on the table as a talkee-it-or-leave-it proposal. Instead, it is said now that we told our North Atlantic Associates to think it over and come back and tell us where they stand. There had been belief in the American delegation that formal agreement would emerge from this meeting, but it has not. This may

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By Douglas Larsen

Crime Probe Showing Results

Florida Bar Association has launched an i...estigation of gambling by lawyers. The decision to start the probe in Florida was a smart one. It was widely known that big-time gambling flourished there. And it was known that many of the country's biggest crooks and mobsters both worked and played in the state's comfortable resorts. The theory of the committee is that if you're going after crooks, go after them on their home grounds.

Same Technique NEXT cities on the committee’s list for intensive probing are, Chicago, Philadelphia, Cleveland and New York. «The technique will be about the same as it was in Miami: go in as quietly as possible, question everyone who has any information on the rackets, and hold open hearings when necessary. To date the committee has had about 35 meetings at which close to 200 witnesses were heard. Much of the testimony was given in secret session. It is in touch with almost 1000 mayors, attorneys general, chiefs of police and

- district attorneys throughout the country, get-

ting tips and information from them. It has worked closely with newspaper editors, crime reporters and criminologists, It has effectively used the services of all of the government's law enforcement agencies which otherwise would have had their hands tied in this type of inquiry.

- Complete Files

ONE of the most complete files in existence of crime syndicates is being put together by the committee. Already it has proved valuable in co-ordinating the work of various crime commissions and law enforcement agencies of the various states. In an interim report, the committee gives credit to the newspapers for helping in this fight against crime. “The activities’ of the committee have received the widest publicity gn the part. of press and radio; by thus bringing sharply to the attention of the people the existence of organized criminal operations on such a large scale they are performing a public service of the highest order.” .

By Galbraith

to criticism,

Bureau.

It's the smaller ones, generally, which cause the complaints, But Mr. Forbes says. many of them probably take action without reporting to the

However, Mr, Forbes says he "believes federal inspectors should have power to take po- - lice action against mines that fail to meet safety ‘standards.

» = o : . RESPONSIBILITY for failure to take steps to prevent accidents rests only partly on

Ho's most effective propaganda is the charge that the ' government is merely a puppet of French imperialism. But Ho will lose this powerful an foreign propaganda weapon 8 Chia nvason proves to the role of indirect ald seems to estape, there I necessary. ¥

stirred up about the billions of national debt!"

“people that he is a puppet of be more effective and less alien communism ‘in Peking risky. Now Indo-China Red _ and Moscow. “ “*trodbs are trained and armed 80 the: present Red China — across: the border, and can

£00 oh yon

the mine operators. Often it's to ‘the joint interest of the operator and the men to continue working, especially if the

ve been due to U. 8. of the Be ecles which would be raised by the French. U. 8. sources now profess there is no disappoint ment at not getting a firm agreement. The emphasize the right of other nations to consult their governments and their people. The U. 8S. view is that the European defense proposal is not new—it is only the fact of it being proposed here in such queer form by the

U. 8. that is new. There has been some criticism of the U. 8,

for giving inadequate advance notice of the

; American proposal to the other nations con-

cerned. The official answer to this is that the whole plan was put together finally only 10 days ago, and that the decision was made—in view of an accepted urgency—to spring it at once without nursing the idea for many months, Some observers say that no matter how much advance notice was given, some countries still would find questions to ask and reason to dela But the U. 8. has told Europe that (1) it should be an In European force, (2) the U. 8. will join vigorously in this force, (3) there should be unified command with a completely organized staff and a force.in being ready to fight on an instant’s notice and (4) the U. 8. will give generous economic and financial help in arming this force. The urgency with which Western European defense is viewed was indicated by the fact that it dominated most of the week's meetings. But the Big Three did take a more than casual look at the Far East. There was general agreement on what is being done in Korea. The idea of an early Japanese peace treaty is to be explored. The U. 8. urged a United Nations approach to settlement of the future of Formosa.

OOS\ER CORUM

“| do not agree with a word that we say, but | will defend to the death your right to say it."

‘Policy Switched’ By O. F. Goodyear, 2275 N. Edmundson Ave. A few months ago all of the press of the nation was praising the union-management con tract signed between UAW-CIO and the Gene eral Motors Corp. This agreement had been

reached, peaceably across the bargaining table in spite of the efforts of anti-labor groups to intimidate the General Motors employees by predictions of a long, bitter strike.

Since that contract was signed, many other

corporations, large and small, have realistically met the needs of their employees with long term wage agreements similar to the provisions of the GM contract. These wage agreements have been designed to lessen the future chances of costly wage aspmes: ” NOW that labor ol management have proven their ability to plan for future labor relation stability, the editor of this paper has chosen to switch his line of propaganda. In an editorial recently he condemned the unions and managements for the same agreements that only a few short weeks before he had been lauding as achievements. It seems to me (just one of the union members trying to get a stable contract with the International Harvester Company), that the editorial policy of The Indianapolis Times has become just as irresponsible as the press and radio are always labeling us in organized labor.

‘Democratic Education Needed’ By Clarence Love, Box 246, Marshall, Ind.

“Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.” What a wonderful world this could have been if the past three generations would have adopted this Golden Rule. There would be no poverty, aggressions, lack of social security or economic wars today. But the mere repetition of the phrase has been inadequate to induce man to live and let live and make this world a better place to live in. Democratic education is the answer. . » # ” THE two distinct personality types, a self centered, narrow-minded type should never be in the same classroom with the broad-minded easy-going and not so alert type. This distinction can be made in the lower grades and at that time they should be separated so that an inferiority complex may not be developed.

This system of education costs more, but it ~

is the only way that the broad-minded ethical person so badly needed in government offices can compete with and excel the narrow-minded men who Will constantly keep our country in chaos and in wars that will ultimately annie hilate man from this earth.

‘Thanks for Editorials’ By the McNamara Family, 281 Wisconsin St.

To the Editor of The Times: We want to thank you for your edjtorials “Spanish Loan” and “Another Munich” as well as for your gen-

. eral policy.

Indianapolis is fortunate in having your clear thinking leadership. We pray that those who handle our foreign policy will wake up and adopt the courses you advocate before it is too late. Keep up your godd work.

‘Little Action’ . . . By James Daniel |

Mine Safety Lags

WASHINGTON, Sept. 20—Despite the uproar in 1947 when an explosion at Centralia, Til. still little action being taken here to correct: unsafe conditions in coal mining. In the ‘past year Federal safety inspectors have made more than 8000 mine inspections. disclosed major hazards, which were pointed out to the men and the operators. As a follow-up the U. 8. Bu- . reau of Mines wrote letters to companies having serious mine hazards. Only 9 per cent of the letters were answered,

” » ” J. J. FORBES, chief of the Bureau's Health and Safety Division, says he believes the ® wu = low ratio of replies is not as bad as it sounds. For one thing, he says, the larger mines tend to be much more safety conscious and are quick to respond

killed 111 coal miners, there's

Forty-one per cent of the studies

unsafe, the information is posted on the property, as an immediate notice to the men. Federal inspectors then send a longer report to the local and national union, the state mine inspector, and the Joint Safety Committee established by the United Mine Workers and the industry.

PRESUMABLY, all are in a position to take action. Some state safety bureaus close a mine as soon as Federal inspectors inform them it's not safe. Others dally. Under its contract the Mine Workers’ union is empowered to puil its members out of a mine whenever Federal inspec» tors report it's unsafe. This remedy has the same effect as a federal closure order, which

to permit, so that it does not have tG order men from their jobs.

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