Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 September 1950 — Page 20
. 59 — = "A SORIPPSHOWARD NEWSPAPER = Ror w. HOWARD. WALTER LECKRONE President. Editor
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ta “PAGE 20 Thursday, Sept. 7, 1850,
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Jolt to Complacency
A BOMBING plane marked with the red star: of Russia
has been shot down after attacking United Nations naval forces operating in Korean waters. The body of one of the plane's occupants was recovered nd identified as a member of the Soviet forces. His name, -ank and serial number have been published. * This incident may have profound significance. Until now the United States and the nations associated with us in the fight against North Korean aggression have maintained the polite fiction that the forces of peace were in actual conflict only with a Soviet satellite, and not with the Soviet Union Halt.
* THIS fs ben done in the hope that, vo ledving. a door open for a Russian retreat, the Korean War -might-be- localized instead of leading to a showdown between the great noOwers. The attack by a Russian plane on ‘United Nations forces suggests that Moscow may he willing to be identified as an active participant in the present struggle. That thought should jolt us and our government out of complacency. The big war may be nearer than we had feared. We'd better get. ready for the worst. We are far from ready now.
.
Mobilization of our manpower and industrial resources
is creeping. The three million men in uniform President Truman set as an immediate goal in his fireside chat last Friday night cannot be realized for many months at the present rate of induction and recruitment. Most of our World War II equipment remains in mothballs. If it hasn't been scrapped. Most of the promised new equipment is still in the blueprint stage. Inflation is starting to spiral. We've had a lot of talk but very little action.
PACTS have. been signed and committees appointed in
various parts of the world, but not one of our prospective
allies is better prepared for a big war than we are. All of ..
them are waiting on us. Congress is preparing to go home for the campaign. The State and Defénse Departments are feuding with each other. The Commerce, Agriculture, Interior and Labor Departments are disputing about who exercises controls—when the government gets around to controls. ~The incident of the Russian plane is a warning that we had better come to our senses and get ready—for it way be very late. a. ie
Potatoes’ Ain't Hay JDIGGING up the dirt about potatoes, a British scientist has concluded that the lowly spud has been a source of worldly woes for maybe 2000 years. It seems that potatoes—because they are so nice, boiled, baked, fried or hash-browned, so crammed with vitamins and minerals—have fed and troubled mankind ever since the early Peruvians started growing them centuries ago.
He's walling va! -
SKIPPING a lot of history, Ireland first got potatoes from America around 1580. And the way they handed them back to us later is a caution. The Irish found potatoes so easy to grow that they went largely on a diet of spuds, occasionally washed down with poteen, also known as potheen, potsheen ad ‘Potyeen,’ a beverage distilled from __ potatoes. Crop failures in A AG45 and 1848 produced a potato" - famine in Ireland. Two million people either died of want * or left the country, most of them coming to America. To take care of the influx of Irishmen, the United States naturally had to grow more potatoes—in fact we started calling em Isish potatoes.
. » . » -
AND took Where we are now. We've produced potatoes
so fast and furiously that we've got just the opposite of a famine. Last year, under a program administered by a Secretary of Agriculture with the oddly Irish name of Brannan, the government bought up 17 million bushels of “surplus potatoes for about $05 million and dumped them as livestock feed or fertilizer. - In the first half of last month another six million - bushels were bought up with the taxpayers’ money, almost two million more than was bought up to mid-August a year ago. Yep, the British scientist had hold of something when
HENRY W. MANZ ; _Businéss Manager
n 3 gtols 4 sony Loe 8 ang 10 or ah oy J aeitver 7 ony Salis 3. 3be 500 8 , ih a rear Sunde nday. 5s » ” ob 'Sunads 43
he started writing about potatoes as a dynamic force in a nation’ 8 economy.
Omnivorous Reader
QCIENCE now has the know-how to build a reading machine which could browse through the Library of Congress and, in 10 seconds, select all information on a given
a minute, This disturbing news was placed before a meeting of the American Chemical Society by a scientist who enthusiastically proposed that such a machine be set to work digesting the entire world’s information, to be printed on - sheets of paper 20 feet long and stored in a single air-tight room. te It might be better yet to chew this- ‘paper up, put it in capsule form and take one before each meal qm of water—and maybe a pinch of salt.
~ Workers, Subside!
2 GERMAN workers in the Soviet Zone have, been informed i they can go on a strike only if they're employed by “private capitalistic firms.” That, of course, is anothsr of the advantages of working for the Communistic state, "Nobody is permitted to Bubject YOu t8 the indignity of walking picket line. .
~ subject and then print abstracts about it at the rate of 10
‘Crusaders of Dark Ages’ By Theo. B. Marshall, 1114 Tecumseh St. What is this mob clamoring at the gates of the temple of government?’ They seek admit~fance and control of government where they may preside over the festive board and partake of the rich political spoils, while with propaganda of the meanest kind they endeavor to fool the people. Like the crusaders of old, they extoll all
their acts and accomplishments as being virtuous and to the people's interest. Often,
. through subterfuge: presenting them as being
according to the will ‘of God. Their language and acts both Smack of the crusaders of the Dark Ages. They besmirch and vilely denounce all those In power and their acts with special emphasis placed on all social legislation that has lightened the burdens and contziputeq to a better life for the people. * © ¢
, IT IS difficult to distinguish their banner through the smoke screen .of confusion and double talk surrounding them. Through a rift caused by a wave of logical and constructive
of the elephant appears and you know them for what they really are. A mob of political leaders and meek ama-
RUSSIA’ S HATCHET MAN
By Ludwell Denny
Vishinsky May Ph UN Crisis
WASHINGTON, Sept. 7= Stalin's choice of Foreign ‘Minister Andrei Vishinsky to head the Soviet delegation to the United Nations assembly confirms the decisive importance of the sessions beginning Sept. 19. If Vishinsky fails to split the united front of anti-aggression nations, or to force a “compromise” favorable to ‘Soviet expansion, he may try to wreck the United Nations. Whatever the
result, the fact 'that the Russian foreign min-
ister is. coming to face 53 nations supporting United Nations action against Red conquest in Korea means a crucial meeting.
Ruthless Hatchet Man VISHINSKY is Stalin's ace negotiator, able propagandist and most ruthless hatchet man. He does not make policy; he executes it. He is more skillful than the younger and less experienced messenger boys such as Gromyko and Malik. He is more effective than his su“perfor, Molotov, because he thinks faster, has a sense of humor, and is less rigid in tactics. Recently he, has not been active publicly. This may have mored. More pro le, he may have been carrying out some of his secret purges of satellite governments and parties. In international conferences his favorite role Is to attack and attack and attack. He does this with a dash quite different from that of the sullen Molotov. As a result he sometimes seems to get a grudging admiration from the gallery ‘and his opponents in the arena.
REARMAMENT
n due to ill health, as ru-
Despite this recognition of his often dazzling technical performance, few persons would ever be impressed by Vishinsky's sincerity. He is s0 obviously the prosecutor, the special pleador, the name caller. Those who have watched Soviet Delegdte Malik at the Security Council sessions during the past month have had rare glimpses of some-
thing akin to hesitation. behind. the mask -of the
Russian robot. Vishinsky is the kind of machine that does not hesitate and does not break.
In contrast to his public limelight role as the “big lie* personified—in which he is loud, daring and Insulting—in his other role as a behind-the-scenes negotiator he is said to be the ingratiating, plausible, slap-you-on-the-back good fellow.
Back Door Trader
ABOUT the first role there is no mystery. The Moscow propaganda line regarding Korea, China, the Far East and alleged ‘American imperialism is an oft-played phonograph record -- already more than a little cracked. Even the glib Soviet foreign minister can do no more than add a few flourishes to the lie already exfandey far beyond credibility at least in the est
But as a backdoor trader, offering apparent concessions in the form of worthless Soviet pledges to split the Allies, he might be more dangerous.
By Pete Lisagor
Allies to Get More U. S. Dollars
WASHINGTON, Sept. 7—America's deollarshy Allies are going to pick up some fresh United States currency through this nation's rearmament program. But whether the plan for buying arms equipment and raw materials will, in_the long run, hurt more than it helps is a question the economic wizards are begging off at the moment. They are now .trying to strike a balance in their plans between. the amount of dollars friendly nations can earn through military production and the amount they will lose through a cutback in civilian goods production for export.
Earning Dollars THE plan, as yet unjelled, is to utilize the productive capacities of Canada and Western Europe as much as feasible. This would have the twin advantage, econ-’ omists believe, of allowing our allies to earn ‘dollars while avoiding the creation of unneces-
sary shortages and inflation dangers here at -
home. Some — will profit from the rearmament bonanza through the sale of strategic naterials, .T officials to the fact-that the nation's stockBiles were dangerously low,
SIDE GLANCES
©OPR. 1980 BY NEA SERVICE, MC. 1. MRED. UA Par. as
Un—Jos—ramembar my asking ysu a couple of weeks ago i‘ you 'd thought of retiring? Well—uh—forget Ho
for a while, won't you?"
Korean war. served to awaken...
By Galbraith
Britain and the Commonwealth Nations stand to earn dollars {mmediately through possession of such vital raw materials as natural rubber, lead, aluminum and copper. Latin American countries, too, will share in thé dollar expenditures. ) — One. barrier which -officials believe can be overcome without too much delay is the law which requires the government to buy materials produced ‘oily in the United States. . This “buy-American” law was a product of the depression. It had a proviso, however, that goods for public use could be bought outside the U. 8. if the price here was exorbitant or if it was inconsistent with the publié¢ interest.
‘Economic Stability
WITH the country’s economy at boom pace, officials feel that it would be inconsistent with
the public interest to put the whole load of re-
armament upon the U. 8. industrial plant. It is further -felt that the considerations of time, economic stability in other countries, preservation of the achievements of the Marshall «Plan. and. the overall--requirements “of ‘North Atlantic defense make further arguments for waiving the old law, or changing it, if necessary.
SPECIAL BENEFITS .
WASHINGTON, Sept. T—In
assistance and welfare.
and $47 million a year thereafter. They cover four principal fields. Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands are taken into the Social Security system. = Increased child welfare services are provided. : Maternal and child health grants are increased. Services for crippled children are increased. , . a» . HERETOFORE, Puertd Rico and the Virgin Islands have not been in the OASI or public assistance programs, though Hawaii and Alaska have been. Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands will now get Social Security coverage for about 400,000 people, under the same collection terms applying to people on the mainland. Old Age and Survivors Insurance benefits will also be paid on the same for- ° mulas applying on the mainland. : For public assistance to the needy, the blind and the totally { disabled, the federal contriby:
“sion.
PUBLIC RELATIONS
WASHINGTON, Sept. 7—-The Mariné Corps has the smallest proportion of its total personnel detailed to public relations of any unit of the service, So, President Truman's remark that the Marines’ “propaganda machine is almost equal to Stalin's” cannot be a criticism of the Corps size. In all Defense agencies there are 2495 serv‘ice personnel and civilians employed in furnishing information about the Armed Services and supplying answers to public queries. Of these only 54 belong to the Marine Corps. The rest of the Navy has 422, the Air Force 935 and the Army 960;
Not on Council
IN ADDITION, there are 124 employed in the consolidated public information office at the Pentagon under the direction of Deputy Secretary Stephen Early. The Marine Corps is excluded from representation on the over-all council that makes
public information policy for thé Défénise De-
partment. The Marines’ top public relations officer, Brig. Gen. Clayton C. Jerome, is permitted to keep a small staff of information officers for handling press relations with Marines in the field. But Gen. Jerome, who also heads the Marines’ Aviation Division, is assistanf commandant for air, in charge of historical records and
supervises-recruiting,-is- not permitted-to-sit-on
the Council. And in the consolidated press query office in the Pentagon, there is only oné Marine on a staff of 57. He is Col. Luther 8. Moore.
LIE'S TERM ENDS .
1 dev are ith word ht you sy, bu wi defn to he dest your right fo ey 4” : teurs who follow their leader as a dog follows
thinking by the people the unmistakable figure -
By James Daniel -
. By Delos Lovelace
‘its master. Some faces are quite clear: Dewey, McCarthy, Hickenlooper, Fapanar, Jene ner and others who have tasted of the apple and like it and are loath to give it up. It isn't difficult if one uses a little intelligence
to properly value their aims and acoomplishe ments. Their aims are primarily based on party strength and unity, although this means at the
expense of the country and the people which they say they love. Their past achievements clearly show their interest to be on the side of great wealth and powerful economic groups
_which are opposed to the rights of the people.
They try to instill in the minds of the people: a sense of loyalty and patriotism measured by false standards which will Sventuslly destroy freedom for all, including * _*
1 DO not mean to intimate that the party 1a power is made up of angels whose acts are according to the will of God. The party ina power by any means at its disposal endeavors to fool the people and enrich themselves. The President tells the people that all will have to make great sacrifices. I wonder if he includes himself and contemplates putting his yacht in” mothballs, putting the brakes on his special train and placing some of his automos biles In the garage for the duration. He might also close summer retreats and his winter mane sion and contend with the elements in his alse conditioned Washington mansion.
Marines’ Press Unit Smallest
Since the Korean War, Col. Moore has had to handle all the queries relating to Marine activities,
* At Disadvantage
IN TERMS of press agents to total persome nel, the Marine Corps appears at a gross dis advantage to the three major services. The last time unit strengths were disclosed, just before the fighting started, the Marines had 75,000 men. This was 1388 men on duty fo? every Marine or civilian employee engaged im public relations. The Navy, with a strength of 375,000 men, had 888 men per public relations officer. The Army with 595,000 men had a propore tion of 619 per press agent. The Air Force with 416,000 men had a pro portion of one press agent per 444 men. The Marines also lag behind the major serve ices in the number of public relations men serve ing abroad. At the last over-all tally, there was only one Marine public relations officer outside the coune
~try;-a“-major-stationed—at-Pesr! Harbor. The
Navy had 63 information men overseas, the Alf Force 157 and the Army 364.
Moved Out -
SINCE then a Marine first lieutenant, whe also takes pictures, his moved out with the 1st Marine Division: The Marines have sent no top information
“men to Korea to match the Alr Force's Col.
William Nuckols, who formerly headed Ate" Forces press here, or the Navy's Comdr. William J. Lederer, Capt. Walter Karig and Capt. Charles Duffy, all"in Korea.
Fight Over UN Secretary Looms
LAKE SUCCESS, Sept. 7—8Slow-spoken Trygve Lie doesn’t want a second term, and Russia and Nationalist China want him out; but just the same he’ll probably still be the United Nations Secretary General when the smoke of the coming General Assembly clears way. This -is the view today of informed United Nations sources, with the Assembly opening at Flushing Meadows only 11 days off. Mr. Lie's five-year term ends this year and the interest in who will then be the chief United Nations administrator is keen. To avoid a fight which might disrupt the meeting, selection of the secretary will be put off until the end of the assembly, around -Christmas time. : Right now no prospect for the full five-year term seems likely to mustér the massive vote required. That calls for backing of 40 of the 58 members, plus Security Council approval and even all that fails if just ene of the big five tosses in a veto.
Not Enough Backing
MR. LIE himself doesn’t have enough backIng. Moreover, Nationalist China has sworn to éppose him.for a full term because he said kind things about Russia after his spring peace misAnd Russia’ resents’ Mr” Lies Korean thinking. However, Nationalist China won't oppose a shorter extension of Mr. Lie’s present term—a year or even two. And Russia would go along. And that is the compromise United Nations
insiders anticipate, provided Mr. Lie will weaken °
on his wish to get out. The feeling is that Mr. Lie will weaken, even though as late as six weeks ago he said he wanted -to-quit and enjoy his $10,000- life pension. As Secretary Géneral ‘he makes $40,000 a year, plus a house and a plump expense account. It is not these extras, however, which hold him.
It will be his deep concern for Ibe orld society. ] “he "has served so ably." : or
For one thing, even two years might help him advance considerably his 20-year program
.-By Peter Edson
for achieving peace through the United Nations, a project close to his heart. Moreover, he 18 aware his acceptance would avert a bitter EastWest struggle, for neither bloc willingly will see the secretary generalship go to a partisan of the other.
Carpenter's Son
AND he is still young enough for the job. He is 54, a carpenter's son who worked his way through law school in Norway and was a meme ber of the Labor Party when World War II hegan. He became foreign minister of the Nore wegian government-in-exile. Much earlier he had married his childhood sweetheart who got her engagement ring from him when she was six and he was 10. They have three daughters.
Beyond Mr. Lie the strongest prospect is
probably Sir Ramaswami Mudalier, India’s lead~ ing economist and her voice in the United Nations Economic and Social Council. But the support of Britain for him is doubtful, as it is for Shamaldharee Lall, also an Indian, and now Assistant Secretary General. Nevertheless, both men are possibilities, since many quarters argue that an Asiatic Secretary General would draw East and West closer.
“Three Prospects
THERE has been talk, too, of Prime Minister Nehru of India, of Dr. Luis Padilwa Nervo of Mexico and of Gen. Carlos Romulo of the Philip pines. But the prime minister is not too experi enced an administrator, the doctor is eyeing the Mexican presidency and the general never could get past a Russian veto. One outsider is--at the bottom of all form — sheets; but -if-a fight developed he might come to the top fast. He is the American: Negro, Dr. Ralph Bunche, director of the United Nations Department of Trusteeship. The United States might back him, if Lie backs out, and though the Russians might not Tike to follow gn American lead they would find any opposition hard to explain te colored peo ples the world over.
$42 Million in » New Social Security Grants
addition to the {ncreassd gen-
eral benefit and coverage for Old Age and Survivors Insurance and specjal assistance to the needy, the new Social Security law just passed by Congress made some specific grants for public
These grants will total $42 million for the present fiscal year
tion for Puerto Ricans and Virgin Islanders will be at a lower scale than on the mainland. # " . FOR ald to dependent -children, the federal contribution will be limited to one-half of a
U. 8. approved sum, up to $27
a month for the first child and one-half of any approved sum up to $18 a’ month for any additional children in the family. The new law puts a ceiling of $4,250,000 annual benefits hat may be paid out to Puerto ~ $160,000 to the Virgin eid Congress raised from $3,500,-
grant to the. states for child welfare services in rural areas
~ and areas of special need. Each.
state will get a base $40,000 grant. The remainder will be distributed in proportion to the
. 18 in each state.
,imle THE grant to the states for maternal and chud Bealth sarv- ¢
ices has been increased from $11 million a year to $15 million for the present year, $16,500,000 a year thereafter. . Each state will get a flat $60,000: grant with which to begin. Congress also increased the grants to states for services to crippled children from $7,500,000 to $12’ million for the present fiscal year, and $15 million a year thereafter. In this case, too, each state will get a basic $60,000.
2 8» » SUMMING up all the changes made in Social Security law by Congress this year, these high-
‘lights may be presented:
Social = Security collections from payrolls during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950, were
approximately $2,500,000,000.
They were paid in by some 35
000 to $10 million the annual million insured workers and
their employers.
For the fiscal year ending
June 30.1951, with an addi-
~ ‘tional 10 million Workers and self-employed people being
brought into .the system, col-'
~ lections will be about 83 bition,
ALL this money will go into
{ae Jugs Soiiti Bosal touts :
billion—frem which . benefits will be paid as they become due. Present benefit payments from this trust fund are at the rate of $1 billion a year in round numbers. They are expected to rise to $2 billion for the calendar year 1951 under the new law. In addition, grants to the states from the U. S. Treas-
THERE is strong sentiment for putting the whole business 90.8 PRy-t4-YOu 40 basis. That why provision has been ven hus bum of contributions until 1970. - If this
enough money to keep the Social Se-
curity system solvent, there are several alternatives: ‘Cut down the bénefits. Increase t he contribution
rates.
Increase the ase amount of
ah